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GAS CARRIERS
TABLE OF CONTENT
MODULE 1
INTRODUCTION
PART 1
LNG BUSINESS AND HISTORY OF ABS INVOLVEMENT WITH GAS TRANSPORTATION AT SEA
PART 2
GAS CARRIER TRAINING FOR ABS PROJECT MANAGERS AND SURVEYORS & PROJECT
MANAGEMENT OF LNGC PROJECTS IN KOREA
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GAS CARRIERS Table of contents
MODULE 2
LNG
1. DEFINITION OF LNG
2. METHANE
3. DEFINITION OF LPG
4. CHEMISTRY OF GASES
MODULE 3
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6. IACS
7. SIGGTO
8. OCIMF
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APPENDIX 1
ABS NOTATIONS AND SYMBOLS APPLICABLE TO LNG CARRIERS
APPENDIX 2
KEY ABS, INDUSTRY AND STATUTORY RULES, GUIDES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
APPLICABLE TO LNGCS
APPENDIX 3
LIST OF SIGGTO PUBLICATIONS
APPENDIX 4
LIST OF OCIMF PUBLICATIONS
MODULE 4
CARGO CONTAINMENT SYSTEMS FOR LNG CARRIERS AND CARGO
OPERATION GENERAL
PART 1
CARGO CONTAINMENT SYSTEMS FOR LNG CARRIERS
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PART 2
LNG SHIP OPERATION - A General Overview of Aerating, Inerting and Cooling of Cargo Tanks
MODULE 5
HULL CONSTRUCTION
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8. STABILITY ANALYSIS
8.1 ABS analysis
8.2 Intact stability
8.3 Damage stability
MODULE 6
ADVANCED ANALYSIS
PART 1
ABS ADVANCED ANALYSIS FOR LNGC
1. ENGINEERING ANALYSIS APPLICABLE TO LNGC
1.1 SAFEHULL
1.2 Dynamic loading approach (DLA)
1.3 Spectral based fatigue analysis (SFA)
1.4 Containment system strength assessment
1.5 Pump tower and base structure analysis
1.6 Vibration analysis including containment system
1.7 Shaft alignment calculation
PART 2
PRESENTATION ON ABS ADVANCED ANALYSIS
2. TYPICAL PRESENTATION
2.1 Typical presentation
2.2 Presentation
2.3 SAFEHULL principles and evolution
2.4 SAFEHULL phase A
2.5 SAFEHULL phase B
2.6 Dynamic Loading Approach (DLA)
2.7 Spectral Fatigue Analysis (SFA)
2.8 DLA/SFA for Moss-Rosenberg ships
2.9 DLA for SPB ships
2.10 Sloshing
2.11 Pump tower strength assessment
2.12 Insulation strength assessment
MODULE 7
INDEPENDENT CARGO TANKS
1. TYPE A TANKS
1.1 Conch design
1.2 Esso design
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4. TYPE C TANKS
4.1 LNG carriers with type C tanks
4.2 C type cargo containment system concept
4.3 Cargo tank design
4.4 Tank insulation
4.5 Drip trays
4.6 Advanced analysis
4.7 Future development
APPENDIX 1
CHARACTERISTICS OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS & ALUMINUM WELDING METHODS AND
PROCEDURES
6. ALUMINUM WELDING
6.1 Welding processes
6.2 GTAW (TIG)
6.3 GMAW (MIG)
6.4 Friction Stir Weld (FSW)
6.5 Welding preparation
6.6 Material cleaning techniques
6.7 Weld procedure specifications (WPS) and welding workmanship
6.8 Preheating and post-weld heat treatment (PWT)
6.9 Welding aspects of aluminum
6.10 Miscellaneous
7. WELDING DEFECTS
7.1 Main causes of welding defects
7.2 Porosity
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7.3 Cracks
7.4 Poor weld bead profile
7.5 Dilution ratio
APPENDIX 2
WELDING OF STAINLESS STEEL FOR LNG APPLICATIONS
8. MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS
8.1 General considerations
8.2 Toughness requirements
MODULE 8
MEMBRANE CARGO TANKS - MARK III SYSTEM PRINCIPLES AND
COMPONENTS
PART 1
MEMBRANE CARGO TANKS
1 MEMBRANE TANKS
1.1 General
1.2 Secondary barrier
1.3 Stress on the membrane system
1.4 Common main features for the membrane tank systems
1.5 Membrane systems
3. NO.96 SYSTEM
3.1 General description
3.2 Advantage of NO.96 system
3.3 Disadvantages of no-NO.96 system
4. CS1 SYSTEM
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7. SCAFFOLDING
PART 2
MARK III SYSTEM COMPONENTS
8. COMPONENTS
9. STUDS
MODULE 9
MARK III - INSULATION INSTALLATION
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4. STUD WELDING
4.1 General
4.2 Steel plating condition
4.3 Welding
4.4 Welding tests
4.5 Checking of welded studs
4.6 Studs for lath thickness fitting
5. MASTIC APPLICATION
5.1 General principle
5.2 Epoxy mastic depositing principle
5.3 Application of the resin beads and patches
5.4 Depositing procedure
5.5 Mastic procedure qualification test
5.6 Checking operations at application time
6. PANEL ERECTION
6.1 Installation procedure
6.2 Cylindrical foam plug installation
6.3 Filling gaps between panels
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MODULE 10
MARK III -MEMBRANE INSTALLATION
PART 1
MEMBRANE ERECTION
1. PREPARATION
1.1 General
1.2 Border membrane sheet definition
1.3 Membrane sheet positioning on insulating panels
1.4 Marking of the membrane sheet limit line on corner panel
4. INSTALLATION SEQUENCE
4.1 Concept
4.2 Installation sequence organization
4.3 Installation and welding of the membrane sheets
4.4 Installation and welding of angle pieces and other closing overlap pieces
4.5 General welding control
PART 2
MEMBRANE TESTS
5. PRINICPLES
6 AMMONIA TEST
6.1 Tightness test of the membrane welding
6.2 Characteristics of the tanks to be tested
6.3 Ammonia
6.4 Reactive paint
6.5 Preliminary test procedure
6.6 Nitrogen ammonia mixture injection
6.7 Locating and repair of the leaks
6.8 Draining-rinsing- cleaning of the tank
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MODULE 11
NO.96 MEBRANE SYSTEM
1. INTRODUCTION
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MODULE 12
NO.96 SPECIAL LOCATIONS AND MEMBRANE WELDING AND TEST PUMP
TOWERS CS 1 MEMBRANE SYSTEM
PART 1
SPECIAL LOCATIONS AND MEMBRANE WELDING AND TEST
2 LIQUID DOME
3 VAPOR DOME
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5. TIGHTNESS TEST
5.1 General consideration
5.2 Strength test
5.3 Bearing test
5.4 Mechanical stressing test
5.5 Helium test
5.6 Global test
5.7 Other tests
PART 2
PUMP TOWERS
PART 3
CS 1 CARGO CONTAINMENT SYSTEM
8 CHARACTERISTICS OF CS 1 SYSTEM
8.1 Differences between CS1 and NO.96/MARK III
8.2 Transverse corners
8.3 Longitudinal corners
8.4 Tank No.1
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MODULE 13
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR HAZARDOUS AREAS AND HIGH VOLTAGE
ELECTRIC PLANTS
PART 1
PROTECTION OF THE ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR
HAZARDOUS AREAS
3. GAS HAZARDS
3.1 The flammability triangle
3.2 Flash point
3.3 Gas grouping
4. HAZARDOUS AREAS
4.1 Definitions
4.2 Areas classification
4.3 Hazardous areas on LNG carriers
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PART 2
HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRIC PLANTS
15. MAINTENANCE
15.1 Equipment and tools
15.2 Generators
15.3 Switchgears
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APPENDIX 1
RECOGNIZED TESTING LABORATORIES
MODULE 14
CARGO HANDLING AND OTHER SYSTEMS INSTALLATION
6. DOME ARRANGEMENT
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11. USE OF BOIL-OFF AS FUEL AND MEANS TO DISPOSE EXCESS BOIL OFF
11.1 Tank pressure control
11.2 Boil off in engine room
11.3 Boil off capacity
11.4 Gas combustion plants
11.5 Reliquifaction plants
12. JETTISON
MODULE 15
MACHINERY, EQUIPMENT AND COMPONENTS FOR HANDLING LNG
1. CARGO PUMPS
1.1 Typical pump installation
1.2 Main cargo pumps
1.3 Stripping/spray pump
1.4 Emergency cargo pump
1.5 Critical items of cargo pumps
2. CARGO COMPRESSORS
2.1 Typical compressor installation
2.2 Heavy duty compressors
2.3 Low duty compressors
2.4 Seal-gas
2.5 Surge control system
2.6 Inlet guide vanes
3. BOIL-OFF/WARM-UP HEATERS
3.1 Feature
3.2 Typical heaters
4. VAPORIZERS
4.1 Features
4.2 LNG main vaporizer
4.3 Forcing vaporizer
4.4 Mist separator
5. RELIEF VALVES
5.1 Characteristics of cargo tank and interbarrier spaces relief valves
5.2 Cargo tank relief valves
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6. NITROGEN GENERATORS
6.1 High capacity units
6.2 Main characteristics
6.3 Control system
9. MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT
9.1 Filters
9.2 Pipes
9.3 Cargo pipe welding acceptance criteria
9.4 Stainless steel pipes passivation
9.5 Valves
9.6 Expansion bellows
9.7 Cryogenic cargo hoses
APPENDIX
ABS REQUIREMENTS - INTERPRETATIONS, EXPLANATIONS
Process Pressure Vessels and Liquid, Vapor, and Pressure Piping Systems
MODULE 16
PROPULSION
PART 1
STEAM PROPULSION
1. STEAM TURBINES
1.1 Overview
1.2 Flexible couplings
1.3 Quill shafts
1.4 Thrust bearings
1.5 Journal bearings
1.6 Bearing wear
2. REDUCTION GEARS
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4. MAIN BOILERS
4.1 Main characteristics of boilers for LNGCs
4.2 Superheaters
4.3 Basic steam propulsion plant
4.4 Boilers arrangement characteristics
4.5 Boiler safety system
5. STEAM CONDITIONING
5.1 Steam dumping
5.2 Steam dumping valves
5.3 Steam cooler
5.4 Steam sparger
5.5 Steam conditioning system
PART 2
ALTERNATIVE PROPULSION SYSTEMS
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MODULE 17
AUTOMATION, SAFETY AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
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MODULE 18
SURVEYS DURING CONSTRUCTION
1. HULL SURVEYS
1.1 General considerations
1.2 Preparation for hull surveys and inspection
1.3 Survey/inspection methodology
1.4 Scope of surveys and items to be checked
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7. GAS TRIALS
7.1 Purpose and scope of gas trials
7.2 Aerating and inerting
7.3 Purging
7.4 Cooldown
7.5 Loading
7.6 Aerating, inerting, purging and cooling down at sea
7.7 Cargo transfer and pumping operations
7.8 Unloading
7.9 Warming-up
7.10 Inerting and aeration
APPENDIX 1
EQUIPMENT LIST FOR MEMBRANE TYPE LNGC
APPENDIX 2
LNGC OUTFITTING INSPECTION ITEMS
MODULE 19
SURVEYS ON EXISTING SHIPS
PART 1
SURVEYS ON EXISTING LNG CARRIERS
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 ABS Rules and instructions
1.2 Specific survey requirements for LNG carriers
1.3 Drydock surveys
1.4 Cargo containment system
1.5 Cargo handling systems
1.6 Propulsion
1.7 Control and safety systems
1.8 Electrical equipment
2. IMO SURVEYS
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4. ANNUAL SURVEYS
4.1 Hull annual surveys
4.2 Machinery (Electrical) annual Survey)
4.3 Automation, remote controls and instrumentation annual survey
4.4 Miscellaneous annual surveys
5. INTERMEDIATE SURVEYS
5.1 Hull intermediate surveys
5.2 Machinery intermediate surveys
5.3 Automation, remote controls and instrumentation intermediate survey
6. SPECIAL SURVEYS
6.1 Hull speoial surveys
6.2 Machinery special survey)
6.3 Automation, remote controls and instrumentation special survey
6.4 Miscellaneous special surveys requirements
PART 2
SURVEYS BASED ON RELIABILITY CENTERED MAINTENANCE
7. MAINTENANCE PHILOSOPHY
7.1 History of reliability centered maintenance approach
7.2 The ABS approach
7.3 The principles of the predictive maintenance
7.4 Surveys
MODULE 20
LPG CARRIERS HULL AND CARGO CONTAINMENT SYSTEM
1. LPG CARRIERS
1.1 Statistic data
1.2 Difference between LPG carriers and LNG carriers
1.3 General layout of LPG carriers
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MODULE 21
LPG CARRIERS CARGO HANDLING AND SAFETY SYSTEMS
4. RELIQUIFACTION SYSTEMS
4.1 Importance of the reliquifaction system
4.2 Use of the Mollier diagram for reliquifaction plants
4.3 Reliquifaction plants of todays LPGCs
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MODULE 22
FLOATING LNG TERMINALS FUTURE TRENDS & TECNOLOGIES
4. HYDRATES
4.1 Transportation of hydrates at sea
4.2 Characteristics of hydrates
4.3 Ships for transportation of hydrates
6. GAS-TO-LIQUID (GTL)
6.1 GTL characteristics
6.2 Transportation cost for GTL
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APPENDIX 1
ABS RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LNGC WINTERIZATION
MODULE 23
SAFETY RECORDS AND DEBRIEFING
PART 1
RISKS CONNECTED WITH TRANSPORTATION OF LNG AT SEA
1. PREMISE
3. FURTHER STUDIES
3.1 Lloyds study
3.2 Hazard identification (HAZID) of LNG vessels/ports hazards
PART 2
FURTHER INFORAMTION ON GASES
______________________
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