ANALYSIS & DESIGN OF PRECAST BEAM

a. Geometrical property Caution:

widtth, b = 0.12 m Only the blue fonted
cells are to be filled by the user.
depth for initial cond, h = 0.08 m
depth of slab, D = 0.28 m
d' = 0.028 m
span, L= 4.77 m
effective depth, d= 0.25 m
Center to center distance b/n ribs= 0.60 m
AS.block= 0.0511 m2
AS.block (Final Design)= 0.105 m2

0.06

0.14

0.08
0.12
0.6

b. material property
Concrete , C 25 fck = 20 N/mm2
fcd = 11.33 N/mm 2

Steel, S 400 fyk = 400 N/mm2

fyd = 347.83 N/mm 2

fctd= 1.03 N/mm2

c. Loading
g Concrete 25.00 kN/m3
g S-block 19.35 kN/m3
g Mortar 23.00 kN/m3
Live Load 3.00 kN/m2 (At Service)
Live Load(Errection) 0.50 kN/m2 (During Errection)
Dead Load (Partition) 1.00 kN/m2 (During Errection)

ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS
1. INITIAL CONDITION

Case 1 (when only LL no fresh concrete)

LOADING:
- precast beam : 0.24 KN/m
- hollow concrete block : weight 0.99 KN/m
Total Dead load gk = 1.23 KN/m (Unfactored)
Live load (qk)
- load during erection (assumtion): 0.3
Total live load qk = 0.3 KN/m (Unfactored)
design load :
Pd = gk + qk = 1.53 KN/m ( Unfactored)

Case 2 (when min. LL& fresh concrete pored)

LOADING:
Dead load (gk)
- precast beam : 0.24 KN/m
- hollow concrete block 0.99 KN/m
Total Dead load gk = 1.23 KN/m
 Live load (qk)
- load during erection (1/2 of LLErrection): 0.15
(We consider fresh concret as live load b/c of
- fresh concrete = 1.34 it's dynamic action during pouring )
Total live load qk = 1.49 KN/m

design load :
Pd = gk + qk = 2.71 KN/m (unfactored)
Thus: Case 2 governs

ANALYSIS FOR GOVERNING INITIAL CONDITION:

2.71 KN/m

4.77 m
1.00 CHECK FOR BUCKLING RESISTANCE OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENT:

Vmax = Pd*L/2 6.47 KN (un factored load)

C/C Spacing of shear Reinforcement: 0.15 m
z y
x= 0.08 m
y= 0.18 m
x
z = (x2+y2) = 0.195 m (Unsupported length of stirrup)
There are two diagonals on each face. Therefore, Compression force in diagonals will be:
force Ca = (a/d) * Vmax/2 = 3.51 KN
Design buckling resistance of a shear reinforcement is:
Nb,Rd = cbAAfy/gM1 > Cs gM1 = 1.1

l <= 180 EBCS 3 -1995 Section 4.5.3

lbar = (l/l1)[bA]0.5 EBCS 3 -1995 Section 4.5.4.3
l1 = p[E/fy]0.5 = 93.9e =93.9*[235/fy]0.5 71.97
using f 6 mm
Le = 195 mm (Unsupported length of stirrups)
i =f/4 = 1.50 mm (Radius of gyration)
l = Le/i 130.00
bA = 1.00
lbar = (l/l1)[bA]0.5 = 1.81
Imperfection Factor a = 0.49 (Buckling curve 'c' )
f = 0.5(1 + a (lbar - 0.2) +lbar2) = 2.52
Thus, c = 1/(f + (f2-lbar2)0.5) = 0.23

Nb,Rd = 2.40 'Provide Intermediate Support'

Using the additional support at mid-span of the pre-cast :
2.71 kN/m

4.77
CHECK FOR SHEAR:
Vmax = 4.05 KN (unfactored)
Compression force in diagonals
z y
x= 0.08 m
y= 0.18 m
z = (x2+y2) = 0.195 m x
We have four diagonals on each face:
force Ca = (a/d) * Vmax/4 = 1.10 KN
Design buckling resistance of a shear reinforcement is:
Nb,Rd = cbAAfy/gM1 > Cs gM1 = 1.1
l <= 180 EBCS 3 -1995 Section 4.5.3
lbar = (l/l1)[bA]0.5 EBCS 3 -1995 Section 4.5.4.3
l1 = p[E/fy]0.5 = 93.9e =93.9*[235/fy]0.5 71.97
Using f= 6
Le = 195 mm (Unsupported length of stirrups)
i =f/4 = 1.50 mm (Radius of gyration)
l = Le/i 130.00
bA = 1.00
lbar = (l/l1)[bA]0.5 = 1.81
Imperfection Factor a = 0.49 (Buckling curve 'c' is choosen )
f = 0.5(1 + a (lbar - 0.2) +lbar2) = 2.52
Thus, c = 1/(f + (f2-lbar2)0.5) 0.23

Nb,Rd = 2.40 'OK!'

Threfore use f 6 c/c 150 for shear reinforcements.

2.00 CHECK FOR BUCKLING RESISTANCE OF TOP REINFORCEMENT:

Maximum design moment of pre-cast beam with intermediate support:

M- =0.125*(Pd)*(L/2)2 1.93 kN-m Cs

the compressive force h= 0.24

Cs = M- 8.04 KN
h T
Design buckling resistance of a compression steel is:
Nb,Rd = cbAAfy/gM1 > Cs gM1 = 1.1
l =Le/i
l <= 180 EBCS 3 -1995 Section 4.5.3
lbar = (l/l1)[bA]0.5 EBCS 3 -1995 Section 4.5.4.3
l1 = p[E/fy]0.5 = 93.9e =93.9*[235/fy]0.5 71.97
using f 12
Le = 150.00 mm (C/C Spacing of stirrups)
i =f/4 = 3.00 mm (Radius of gyration)
l = Le/i 50.00
bA = 1
lbar = (l/l1)[bA]0.5 = 0.69
Imperfection Factor a = 0.49 (Buckling curve 'c' )
f = 0.5(1 + a (lbar - 0.2) +lbar2) = 0.86
Thus, c = 1/(f + (f2-lbar2)0.5) 0.73

Nb,Rd = 29.94 'OK! And proceed to the Final Condition'

"Use f12 for top bar with c/c spacing of f 6 stirrups = 150mm"
2.FINAL CONDITION:
a. LOADING:
Dead load (gk):
- precast beam : 0.31 KN/m
- hollow concrete block 1.29 KN/m
cast insitue concrete 1.74 KN/m
Partition = 0.78 KN/m
Wt screed_____________________________ 0.90 KN/m
Wt ceiling plaster______________________ 0.36 KN/m
Total Factored Dead Load 5.37 KN/m
Live load (qk):
-depends on the purpose of the structure : Total Factored Liveload 2.88 KN/m

Design load :
Total Factored Design Load = 8.25 KN/m

b. ANALYSIS: 8.25 KN/m

4.77 m
the maximum design moment
Mmax = Pd*l2 23.46 KN-m
8
effective depth d = D-d' 0.252 m

N B As Asmin
b (m) d (m) M (KNm) F (mm) # of bars
(mm2)
M/Fcd*b*d^2 1-(1-2N)1/2 B*Fcd*b*d/Fyd
0.12 0.252 23.46 0.272 0.324 319 14 2.075 43.47

Therefore Use 2f14 for Bottom Bar

Note: Welding of stirrups with the top bar is highly esential to simulate the design concept.
 Pd

0.125

0.07 0.07
L/2 L/2

M+ = 0.07*(Pd)*(L/2)
2

M- = 0.125*(Pd)*(L/2)
2
Vmax = [0.125*(Pd)*(L/2) + (Pd)*(L/4)]

**Shear is max at the mid-span

0.1 0.1

0.08 0.0125 0.08

L/3 L/3 L/3

M1+ = (0.08)*(Pd)*(L/3)2
M2+ = (0.0125)*(Pd)*(L/3)2 Vmax = [0.10*(Pd)*(L/3) + (Pd)*(L/6)]

M- = (0.10)*(Pd)*(L/3)
2
**Shear is max. at the interior support of end span
On PB Load
1 FFPAR 2.6 kN/m
2 Live 2.4 kN/m

Wall Load
1 20cm HCB 3.6 kN/m2
2 15cm HCB 2.7 kN/m2
3 10cm HCB 1.8 kN/m2
4 22cm Hydrafoam 5.06 kN/m2
5 30cm Masonry Cladding 7.2 kN/m2
6 30cm Masonry + 20cmHCB 12.26 kN/m2

Slab Load
1 Live load 2 - 5 kN/m2
2 Stair 3 kN/m2
 ANALYSIS OF PRECAST BEAM

1. INITIAL CONDITION
a. Geometrical property
widtth, b = 0.12 m
depth for initial cond, h = 0.08 m
depth of slab, D = 0.28 m
span, l = 4.77 m
effective depth, d = 0.24 m
Center to center distance b/n ribs= 0.6 m
b. material property
concrete , C-25

0.06

0.14

0.08
0.12 0.12
0.6

fcd = 11.17 N/mm2

steel, S-300 300

fyd = 260.87 N/mm 2
Ab= 0.0491
LOADING: ftcd= 1.03 N/mm 2

Case 1
(when only LL no fresh concrete)
- precast beam : .12*.08*25 = 0.24 KN/m
- hollow concrete block : weight = 0.95 KN/m
gk = 1.19 KN/m

Live load (qk)

- load during erection (assumtion): 1.6*1*0.6 0.6
depending on structure qk = 0.6 KN/m

design load :
pd = gk + qk = 1.79 KN/m
LOADING:
Case 2
(when min. LL& fresh concrete pored)
Dead load (gk)
- precast beam : .12*.08*25 = 0.240 KN/m
- hollow concrete block = 0.95 KN/m

gk = 1.19 KN/m
 Live load (qk)
- load during erection (assumtion): 0.5*.6 0.3
- fresh concrete = 1.3975 (We consider fresh concret as live load b/c of it's dy
qk = 1.6975 KN/m

design load :
pd = gk + qk = 2.89 KN/m (unfactored)
Case 2 governs

ANALYSIS: 2.89 KN/m

4.77 m
the maximum design moment
Mmax = pd*l2 8.21 KN-m Cs
8
the compressive force d= 0.24
Cs = Mmax 34.22 KN T
d
the buckling ratio of the reinforcement
using f 12
Le = 150 mm
i =r/2 3 mm

~ from table w = 1.21

wCs/A = 268.98 N/mm 2
< 200 N/mm2 ( taking F.S=1.5)

CHECK FOR SHEAR:

Vmax = 6.89 KN (factored load)

Compression force in diagonals
b= 0.075 m a d
d= 0.24 m
b
a = (b +d ) =
2 2
0.251 m
we have two diagonals on each face
force Ca = (a/d) * Vmax/2 = 3.61 KN

the buckling ratio of the reinforcement

using f 6 diagonal bars
Le = 251 mm
i= 1.5 mm
Le/i = 167.33
therefore from table , w = 4.71

wCa/A = 600.99 N/mm2 > 200 N/mm2 add support

Using an additional support for the pre-cast

2.89kn/m

3.97m

Vmax = 3.57

CHECK FOR SHEAR:

Vmax = 3.57 KN (factored load)

Compression force in diagonals
b= 0.075 m a d
d= 0.24 m
b
a = (b2+d2) = 0.251 m
we have two diagonals on each face
force Ca = (a/d) * Vmax/2 = 1.87 KN

the buckling ratio of the reinforcement

using f 6 diagonal bars
Le = 251 mm
i= 1.5 mm
Le/i = 167.33
therefore from table , w = 4.71

wCa/A = 311.5392 N/mm2 > 200.0 N/mm2 add support

2.89 KN/m

Vmax = 2.29KN

CHECK FOR SHEAR:

Vmax = 2.29 KN (factored load)

Compression force in diagonals
b= 0.075 m a d
d= 0.24 m
b
a = (b +d ) =
2 2
0.251 m
we have two diagonals on each face
force Ca = (a/d) * Vmax/2 = 1.20 KN
 the buckling ratio of the reinforcement
using f 6 diagonal bars
Le = 251 mm
i= 1.5 mm
Le/i = 167.33
therefore from table , w = 4.71

wCa/A = 199.8389 N/mm2 < 200.0 N/mm2 0K

2.FINAL CONDITION
a. Geometrical property
widtthg, b = 0.12 m
depth for initial cond, h = 0.08 m
depth of slab, D = 0.28 m
span, l = 4.77 m
cover = 0.015 m
Center to center distance b/n ribs= 0.6 m
b. material property
concrete , C-25
fcd = 11.33 N/mm2
fctd = 1.03 N/mm2
steel, S-300
fyd = 260.87 N/mm2

LOADING:
Dead load (gk) Unfactored
- precast beam : 1.3*.12*.08*25 = 0.31 KN/m
- hollow concrete block 1.24 KN/m 0.95
- cast insitue concrete 1.82 KN/m 1.40
- partition floor = 0.78 KN/m 0.60

Wt screed_____________________________ 0.90 KN/m 0.69

Wt ceiling plaster______________________ 0.36 KN/m 0.28
5.40 KN/m

Live load (qk)

-depends on the purpose of the structure :
for office take q = 2KN/m2= 1.6*2*0.6 1.92 KN/m

design load :
pd = 1.3gk + 1.6qk = 7.32 KN/m
ANALYSIS: 7.320 KN/m

4.77 m
the maximum design moment
Mmax = pd*l2 20.818 KN-m
8
effective depth d = D-d' 0.258 m

Asmin
b (m) d (m) M (KNm) N B As F (mm) # of bars
(mm2)
0.12 0.258 20.818 0.230 0.265 357 16 1.8 59.34
oncret as live load b/c of it's dynamic action during pouring )

Not Good
Unfactored