FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM DAN ALAM SEKITAR

(FKAAS)

KREATIVITI DAN INOVASI

(BFC 23702)

PROJEK BERPASANGAN

SEKSYEN 4

SEMESTER 2 2015/2016

Ahli Kumpulan:

1) Muhammad Nur Aiman bin Adnan DF150045

2) Muhammad Shahruzi bin Mahadzir DF150065

Fakulti : Kejuruteraan Awam dan Alam Sekitar (FKAAS)

Seksyen :4

Pensyarah : En Mohammad bin Ismail

 8 Mac 2016

LIST OF CONTENT

No Content Pages

1.0 Introduction 1
2.0 Problem statement 2
3.0 Objective 3
4.0 Waste Materials
4.1 Plastic bottle 4
4.2 Tyre 4
4.3 Wooden stick 5
4.4 Iron plate 5
5.0 Apparatus and materials 6-8
6.0 Method 9
7.0 Procedure 9
7.1 Specification 10
8.0 Conclusions 11
9.0 Appendix 12-14
1.0 INTRODUCTION

In this modern era, numerous of new inventions have made the competition in science
and technology more intense than ever. As the result, more products have been created with
lower cost but high in terms of quality. In addition, the production of polymer-based products
is increasing and getting more demand as polymer is better than other materials. Because of
that, the production of plastic-based products for instance, plastic bottle is increasing.
Moreover, various types of industry used plastic as their main component to produce their own
products. However, the uncontrollable usage of plastic bottles contributes toward many types
of pollution such as land pollution.

Based on the researches that have been carried out on plastic bottles, plastic bottle took
up to 300 till 500 years to decompose. Besides that, the disposal of non-biodegradable plastic
bottles can result in various types of bad problems to the nature and humans. Drains and water
channels will be clog due to the irresponsible act by disposing bottles into the drains. Clogged
drains cannot allow the water to flow freely and this will result in flash flood during a heavy
downpour. Flash flood will damage the properties and valuable things as well as the crops for
farming purpose. Furthermore, the disposal of plastic bottles and rubbish into the sea or river
will interrupts the aquatic plants to make food as they are the producer in the food chain. The
amount of sunlight penetrating the water will decrease as the plastic bottles and rubbish will
float and cover up the surface of water. Aquatic plants will not be able to carry out
photosynthesis without enough amount of sunlight.

Reuse and recycle programmes or campaigns should be organised regularly in order to

promote peoples consciousness about the pollution. In addition, recycle and reuse do not cost
too much compared to the materials that have been produced naturally. Recycle products can
be used in many types of industry to produce new things, conserve energy and save budget.
Examples of recyclable and reusable materials are unused tyres, plastic bottles, glass bottles,
rubber tube and others.

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2.0 PROLEM STATEMENT

1. Plastic materials are difficult to decompose. It took up to 300 till 500 years to
decompose.

2. The disposal of plastic products is getting worst.

3. Unused materials such as tyre tubes and broom stick are not been reuse although they
have the potential to reuse as a new thing.

4. Current disposal methods are not very effective.

5. Lack of consciousness among our community about recycle and reuse.

6. The occurrence of pollution such as water pollution, land pollution and haze in every
country is increasing.

7. The disposal of waste materials into the drains will clog up the drains and resulting in
flash flood during heavy downpour.

8. Open burning of rubber-based and plastic materials will release harmful gases and bad
fumes into the air.

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3.0 OBJECTIVE

Reducing means choosing to use items with care to reduce the amount of waste
generated.

Reusing involves the repeated use of items or parts of items which still have usable
aspects.

Recycling means the use of waste materials itself as resources.

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4.0 WASTED MATERIAL

Waste materials is a material or appliances which were not use again because it is broken or
malfunction. This type of material can be categorized as waste material that can be reuse or
recycle such as plastic bottle, tyre, newspaper, rubber and etc. Waste materials that cannot be
reuse or recycle again is wasted food. Therefore material chose for this project is plastic bottle,
binder, wooden stick and iron plate

4.1 PLASTIC BOTTLE

We decided to use 1 litre of plastic bottle as our component to create an easy

fruit picker. Instead of creating new product from plastic bottle, we also can
reduce the quantity of plastic bottles disposed. Plastic bottles are light and
durable. A durable and strong bottle can withstand the heavy loads exerted from
the weight of the fruits picked. A light bottle can lessen the overall weight of
the fruit picker so that the person will be able to lift up this product easily.

4.2 PENGIKAT

We took the initiative to use tyre tube as the binder to bind the broom stick and
the bottle. The tube is tied at the end of the broom stick and the mouth of the
bottle. This binder will make sure that both broom stick and bottle will stay in
place as well as giving a steady position during the plucking process. Since the
tyre tube is made from rubber, and rubber is a non-slipping material, it can
ensure both broom stick and bottle do not shaking or moving during the
plucking process.

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4.3 WOODEN STICK

Dispose wooden stick can be obtain from daily life appliances such as broom
stick or mop holder which are not been use again. Wooden stick chose as fruit
picker holder because its surface isnt too smooth and weight lesser than any
other tools. Moreover, wooden stick can be alter its length and heights according
to its needs which is depend on tree height. The size were chose according to
bottle mouth diameter, thus easier to bind it with the bottle using rubber tyre.

4.4 IRON PLATE

Materials choose for cutting are using dispose or unused sharp iron plate. Iron
plate use for cutting fruit stalk and then the fruit will fall into the bottle. In
addition, iron plate chose because it is strong and sharp which is suitable for
cutting. Size for iron plate use is depend on average size of fruit stalk which is
small. The iron plate place at V sectional area because the fruit stalk will place
in the V sectional and then the iron plate will cut the stalk with a twist from
fruit picker.

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5.0 APPARATUS AND MATERIALS

Waste materials used to make fruit picker are:

- Plastic bottle

Figure 1: Plastic bottle of 1.5L

- Wooden stick

Figure 2: Broom stick

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- Rubber tyre

Figure 3: Rubber obtain from dispose tyre

- Knife

Figure 4: Small folded knife

- Iron plate

Figure 5: Iron plate

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- Adhesive tape

Figure 6: Adhesive tape

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6.0 METHOD

Method to produce this product are by using waste materials which can be obtain easily
such as plastic bottle, iron plate, rubber tyre, wooden stick and adhesive tape. Waste
materials were choose because it can be obtain at low cost or from any disposal site.
Moreover combination of different waste material can be recreate into one products with
new functions and give benefits such as fruit picker. In addition waste materials also can
be obtain by reusing unwanted or unused tools such as broom stick, iron plate and etc.

7.0 PROCEDURE

i. 1.5L bottle liter with heights of 300mm were prepare and cut off of its lengths
from the bottom of the bottle.
ii. Cut off part are removed and another cut at the sectional part into V shape
iii. Wooden stick with length of 1600mm and diameter 20mm were cleaned and used
as holder
iv. Rubber tyre with length of 20mm and 25mm width are tied around the stick and
insert into bottle mouth
v. Additional of 600mm length rubber tyre are tied around the stick and the bottle for
better grip between materials.
vi. Iron plate of size of 10mm width and 30mm length are place at V section using
adhesive tape
vii. Finishing are apply to sectional are and whole bottle.

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4.1 SPECIFICATION

Figure 7: Dimension for fruit picker (mm)

Bottle length = 300mm

Bottle diameter = 80mm
Wooden stick length = 1200mm

(Wooden stick can be replace with different length of sticks depends on heights of
tree which is average of fruit tree height is 3-12m)

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6.0 CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion this project were carry out to apply 4R which is reduce, reuse, recycle and
recreate waste material into products with new function. Waste materials such as plastic bottle,
tyre, iron plate and wooden stick can be use again and recreate into tools with desire function
such as fruit picker or other tools which can ease daily life. Besides that this project teach how
to be innovative and creative in making products from waste materials.

Moreover, this project is one of alternative in reducing pollution which is waste

materials such as plastic bottle need a long time to decay. In addition recycling waste materials
is to prevent pollution which can cause harm to both human and nature. Lastly, waste materials
are suitable material in producing products or tools with new or same function at low cost.

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7.0 APPENDIX

Figure 8: bottle cut off start from bottom using a knife

Figure 9: Cut off parts were remove and V shape were made at the sectional made

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Figure 10: On the tip of wooden stick rubber tyre were encircle the stick and insert into the
mouth of bottle. Additional rubber tyre were encircle between bottle and stick for a better
grip.

Figure 11: Adhesive tape used to stick iron plate on V sectional area

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Figure 12: Adhesive tape use for finishing on cut off part

Figure 13: Fruit picker ready to use

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