INTRODUCTION

Regardless the size or type of business, any organizations most important asset is its human
resources. HRM strives to achieve organizational goals and the goals of employees through
effective personnel programs, policies and procedures. Successful performance of
the personnel function can greatly enhance the bottom line of any organization. At the
same time, rapidly advanced technologies and outside influences are changing the
nature of the jobs. It is thus more critical and difficult to maintain a work
environment that motivates and satisfies human resources.

EMPLOYEE WELFARE:

Welfare includes anything that is done for the comfort and improvement of employees
and is provided over and above wages. Welfare helps to keep the morale and
motivation of the employees high so as to retain the employees for longer
duration. The welfare measures need not be in monetary term only but in any forms.
Employee welfare includes monitoring of working conditions, creation of industrial
harmony through infrastructure for health,
Industrial relations & insurance against disease, accident and unemployment for the workers
& their families. Labour welfare entails all those activities of employees which are directed
towards providing the employees with certain facilities & services in addition to wages
& salaries.

OBJECTIVES OF EMPLOYEE WELWARE:

To provide better life and health to the workers.

To make the workers happy and satisfied.
To relieve workers from industrial fatigue and to improve intellectual, cultural and
material condition of living of the workers.

.
BASIC FEATURES OF LABOUR WELFARE AND SAFETY MEASURES

Labour welfare includes various facilities, services, activities provided to worker

for improving their health , efficiency , economic betterment and social status.
Welfare measures are in addition to regular wages and other economic benefits available to
workers due to legal provisions and collective bargaining.
Labour welfare measures are flexible and ever-changing . New welfare schemes
are added to the existing ones from time to time.
Welfare measures may be introduced by the employer, government, employees or by any
social or charitable agency.
The purpose of labour welfare is to bring about the development of the whole
personality of the workers to make a better workforce.

The Labour Welfare activities may be broadly

classified as:

i)Statutory welfare measures

ii)Non-statutory measures
iii) Social security measures

STATUTORY WELFARE MEASURE

Welfare measures provided by the employer under the act are termed as statutory measures.
Section 42 to 49 of the Factories Act contains specific provisions relating to the
welfare of industrial labour. Section 42 to 45 applies to all the factories irrespective of
the number of the workers employed. Section 46 to 49 are applicable to the factories
employing a more than a specified number of workers.

These provisions are:

Washing facilities (section 42)

Facilities for storing & drying clothes (section 43)
Facilities for sitting (section 44)
First aid appliances (section 45)
Canteens (section 46)
Shelter, rest rooms & lunch rooms (section 47)
Crches (section 48)
Welfare officers (section 49)

NON-STATUTORY WELFARE MEASURES

These are the welfare provided by the employer voluntarily though he is not under an
obligation under Act or Acts.
Conveyance facilities
Housing facilities
Educational facilities
Festival advances
Allowances
Leave travel concession

THE FACTORY ACT, 1948

This act was enacted to ensure adequate safety, sanitary, health , welfare measures,
working hours, leaves with wages & weekly off for the workers employed in
manufacturing establishments. The main provisions under this act are:

Safety
Health
Welfare
Employment of women & young persons
Working hours
Holidays & leave with wages
 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

To analyze the employee welfare facilities provided to the employees of the company
To suggested and recommend methods to increase the level of Employees
Welfare activities at the company.
To improve the safety of employees and provide a safe and secure environment .
To make sure that the amenities reach every workers.
To find the relationship between the top level and the operational level employees and
make it a healthy relationship.
To spread awareness about the facilities for welfare and safety to the employees.
 SCOPE OF STUDY

To analyse the level of safety and welfare in their firm.

To suggest the company so that they can improve the working conditions,
environment and other policies to safeguard the employees based on the result of my
survey.
To implement my valuable suggestions to overcome many problem faced by
the firm
To ensure that the welfare amenities and safety measures are being updated by the
workers
To improve the welfare of employee as well as their family.
 LIMITATIONS OF STUDY

The time allotted for the completion of project was not adequate to complete the
project precisely
The response for the survey that was conducted was not very satisfactory
The company did not have much detail regarding the plantations in the website.
The was a problem of explaining each question in detail to each employee as there
was a problem of language.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

According to Yoder, Research is a shortcut to knowledge and understanding

which can replace the slower, more precarious road of trail and error in experience....
Research is a multipurpose tool which is used to help solve a variety of organizational
problems. The concept of research can be applied to all organizational studies of any
scope. Thus, research is an art of scientific investigation. Research methodology is a
way to systematically solve the research problem
.
TYPES OF DATA COLLECTED:
Both the types of data is used, means; Primary data & Secondary data.

i) PRIMARY DATA
- i.e. data is collected fir the first time.
Under it, information is collected to solve a particular problem or investigating a
specific issue. Here, no previous data stored is used for getting the information.
Sources of primary data that were used:
Observation
Questionnaire
Interviews

ii) SECONDARY DATA

-Data that is previously recorded or stored comes under it. It consists of information
that someone else, who have already been passed through the statistical process have already
collected. Sources of secondary data that were used:

Company personnel manual

Kolukkumalai Website
Kolukkumalai library and documents
METHODS USED FOR DATA COLLECTION:

i) Observation:
Data collected by personally observing the things-go- round. Skill and knowledge
of investor plays an important role on quality of primary data.

ii) Questionnaire:
A questionnaire of 20 questionnaires was framed. Each question having 3-4 options.
Sample questionnaire is attached at the annexure.

iii) Interviews:
Interviews were conducted to get the information directly from the personnel.
Mainly experts and the employees of middle grades were interviewed.

iv) Websites:
Websites proved to be a great advantage for accomplishing the project. Sites were
Google, Wikipedia and kolukkumalai estate website.

v) Company personnel manual:

Kolukkumalai estate personnel manual was also taken up to go through so as to get the
accurate and exact knowledge of what services are provided to each employee and what are
the various rules and regulations.

SAMPLING PLAN & SAMPLE SIZE:

For carrying on any research or study on any subject it is very difficult to cover 100%
employees in an organization. Therefore, sample size has to be deciding for meaningful
conclusion. So, sample size decided at 100 employees at random basis and distributed 10
questionnaires in each area.
TOOLS OF DATA ANALYSIS & REPRESENTATION:

i) Tabular presentation-
The collected data is presented in tabular form to clarify so as to make easy understanding.

ii) Percentage system-

After collecting back the questionnaires, to draw out the conclusions I have calculated
the percentage of the persons responded in a particular option. As the sample
size was 100, it was easy for me to calculate the percentage.

iii) Graphical representation-

For representing the data and to make the interpretation easy 2 Dimensional Bar
diagram and pie charts are used.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE METHODOLOGY:

The method use for sampling was non-probability convenience sampling method.
This method was used because it was not known previously as to whether a
person will be asked to fill the questionnaire. Convenient sampling is used because only those
people were asked to fill the questionnaires that were easily accessible & available.

Primary data sources were preferred to get the direct information. Secondary data sources
were taken to go through the missing information and to know exactly what the
facilities, services provided to employees are and also what rules and regulations are being
followed.
INDUSTRIAL PROFILE

The Tea Industry in India derives its importance by being one of the major foreign exchange
earner and for playing a vital role towards employment generation as the industry is highly
labour intensive. India is the second largest producer of tea in the world and contributes to
around 30% of the global tea production. The market size of tea is estimated to be approx.
`10,000 Crore with a penetration of more than 90% in the domestic market. With an export of
approx. 210 million kg of tea, India stands as the fourth largest exporter of tea in the world
with China ranking at the first position. The tea sector in the country is largely organized
since 72% of the total area under tea cultivation and 74% of the total production comes from
the organized sector. Tea in India is grown over an area of 600000 hectare (ha) which
accounts for 16% of the total area under tea cultivation in the world. The Indian tea industry
is having thousands of tea gardens spread across various states of India. In West Bengal and
Assam there are around 8,500 tea estates, while in the southern states of Kerala, Karnataka
and Tamil Nadu there are another 5,500 tea estates. Assam produces over half of Indias tea
and accounts for over 12% of the annual global tea yield, according to ASSOCHAM.

Market Segmentation- Indian tea market is huge with large number of local and regional
players. With the passage of time and due to change in the consumption pattern, there has
been diversification and value addition in tea production. In India, tea is consumed in two
forms: packaged (branded) or loose. While a major share of the market is of loose tea
suppliers, branded tea manufacturers are also fast increasing their market share. The demand
for packet tea is driven by rising consumer incomes, quality of tea and product diversification
with flavoured tea production. The share of CTC tea constitutes 80% of the tea market
followed by Orthodox Tea &Darjeeling Tea. Apart from them there are also a variety of
flavoured teas such as green tea, earl grey tea, jasmine tea, ginseng oolong, masala chai,
green lemon tea, etc.

CTC is an acronym for crush, tear and curl. The tea produced by this method is mostly used
in tea bags. The orthodox production method consists of five stages, namely withering,
rolling, fermentation, drying and finally storing. It is not possible to compare the two
varieties because their quality depends on factors such as rainfall, soil, wind and the method
of plucking of tea leaves and both possess a unique charm of their own.
COMPANY PROFILE

Kolukkumalai Tea Estate is one of the premier south Indian industries in India. It is
located at Kottagudi Village, Bodinayakkanur Taluk, Theni District, Tamil Nadu State, India.
The extent of the Estate has been registered for 81Hectares. The amazing Point is except this
81 hectares all other four sides are belongs Kerala State, India. The altitude of the estate is
more than 8000 feet above the sea level.

The British started tea cultivation in india in 1838 by using seeds imported from China.
Between 1893 and 1945 tea plantation was developed in India with the help of British. After
Independence of India, it rapidly grown in tea cultivation almost equal to China, Srilanka and
Kenya. In India, it is proud to say that the South Indian tea industry occupies a pre-eminent
position in the world. Today it is 5th largest producer of tea and also 4th largest exporter of
tea in the world.

The estate was built-up by the British Since 1920 to 1927 with the assistant of Chettiar
Brothers belonging to Bodinayakkanur, Theni District, Tamilnadu, India.
The planting of tea was done from the year of 1927 to 1932. The tea industry was completed
in 1936. The factories and buildings were entirely built up by using pony path and head load.
The Estate has more than 150 workers and it has one Head Office at Bodinayakkanur, Theni
District, Tamilnadu. The Chettiar Brothers run the estate since 1935 to 1971 under the pact of
Right Wary Scheme. Thereafter, Chettiar brothers transferred their rights to A.J.Group on
01st May 1971. Since 1971 the estate is being looked after by the A.J.Group, Sivakasi,
Virudhunagar District, Tamilnadu, India.

A.J.Group:
Sri.P.Ayya Nadar was one of the great Industrialists in Tamilnadu and particularly number
one in Virudhunagar District in respect of Matches, Fireworks and Printing Business. His
wife name is Smt.A.Janakiammal. Both Sri.P.Ayya Nadar and Smt.A.Janakiammal are no
more today. Their sons viz Sri, A.Grahadurai, Sri.A.Vairaparkasam, Sri.ASC Bose and
Sri.A.Ramamoorthy were jointly looked after the kolukkumalai Estate since 1971.

In the month of may 2009, the assets of the group were partitioned among the brothers.
Consequently the Estate handed over to Sri.A.S.C. Bose and his Wife Smt.A.S.Kanchana
Bose. ASC Bose is also one of the great Industrialists in Tamilnadu and doing business in
Matches, Fireworks, Tractor Agency, Steelwool etc., in Sivakasi, Tamilnadu. He is also
doing agricultural businesses in coffee, Cardamom, Mango, Coconuts in addition to Tea. The
Kolukkumalai Tea Estate is now a remarkable Tourist place in Tamilnadu.
PRODUCT PROFILE- ABOUT TEA

India is the second largest producer of tea in the world after China,[1] including the
famous Assam tea and Darjeeling tea. According to the Planning Commission Deputy
Chairman, Montek Singh Ahluwalia, there were plans to officially recognise tea] as the
National Drink .[3] Tea is also the 'State Drink' of Assam.[4] According to
the ASSOCHAM report released in December, 2011, India, as the worlds largest consumer
of tea uses nearly 30 percent of the global output. Despite the consumption, India is also the
largest exporter of tea after China.

Tea has become a worldwide drink. It is a drink that can be afforded by both rich and poor.
Economically speaking, tea is an extremely valuable source of much needed foreign
exchange .

Types of tea

1. LEAF GRADE TEA

2. DUST GRADE TEA

1. LEAF GRADE TEA includes

Brocken orange pekoe

Broken leaf
Super broken orange
Broken orange tanning

2. DUST GRADE TEA

Red dust
Super red dust
Super fine dust
Golden dust
Fine dust
 SUGGESTIONS

Performance-linked incentive should be introduced.

Drinking water facilities should be improved.

Transportation facilities should be taken care off.

Emphasis should be laid on creating more satisfactorily residential facilities

for all their employees

Higher management should consider workers grievances more carefully and

sincerely.

Labour welfare officers should work with the aim of satisfying the needs of all their
workers.

Higher management should be more interactive with the employees

Employment for women should be increased

Better safety equipments should be provided in the work place

 CONCLUSION

The project was very useful. Thus training has given me confidence and innovative
ideas for the day to day activities and it also helped me to study more about the
organization and about the tea industry .From the above survey we can conclude that
the employees of KOLUKKUMALAI TEA Factory have goof welfare and safety
facilities to protect the workers as well as their family.
The study which has been conducted in KOLUKKUMALAI TEA Factory in
field employee involvement helped the researcher to identify the major factor which
effects the employee working environment in an organization.