SMART CITY PLANNING IN INDIA

1) INTRODUCTION
2) SMART CITIES IN INDIA
3) FINANCE
4) CORE INFRASTRUCTURE ELEMENT
5) TERMINOLOGY
6) CHARACTERISTICS
7) PLATFORMS & TECHNOLOGIES
8) IDEOLOGY
9) OBJECTIVES
10) FEATURES
11) SELECTION CRITERIA
12) STATE WISE LIST
13) SMART SOLUTIONS FOR A BETTER
TOMORROW IN INDIA
14) CONFERENCE TOPICS
SMART CITY
A smart city uses digital technologies or information and communication
technologies (ICT) to enhance quality and performance of urban services,
to reduce costs and resource consumption, and to engage more
effectively and actively with its citizens. Sectors that have been
developing smart city technology include government services, transport
and traffic management, energy, health care, water and waste. Smart city
applications are developed with the goal of improving the management
of urban flows and allowing for real time responses to challenges. A smart
city may therefore be more prepared to respond to challenges than one
with a simple 'transactional' relationship with its citizens. Other terms
that have been used for similar concepts include cyberville, digital city,
electronic communities, flexicity, information city, 'intelligent city',
knowledge-based city, 'MESH city', telecity, teletopia, 'Ubiquitous city',
wired city.

Major technological, economic and environmental changes have

generated interest in smart cities, including climate change, economic
restructuring, the move to online retail and entertainment, ageing
populations, and pressures on public finances. The European Union (EU)
has devoted constant efforts to devising a strategy for achieving 'smart'
urban growth for its metropolitan city-regions. The EU has developed a
range of programmes under Europes Digital Agenda". In 2010, it
highlighted its focus on strengthening innovation and investment in ICT
services for the purpose of improving public services and quality of life.
Arup estimates that the global market for smart urban services will be
$400 billion per annum by 2020. Examples of Smart City technologies and
programs have been implemented in Milton Keynes, Southampton,
Amsterdam, Barcelona and Stockholm.
SMART CITIES IN INDIA
The government of India under Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi has a
vision of developing 100 smart cities as satellite towns of larger cities and
by modernizing the existing mid-sized cities.

The government plans to identify 20 smart cities in 2015, 40 in 2016 and

another 40 in 2017.

The 100 potential smart cities nominated by all the States and UTs based
on Stage1 criteria will prepare Smart City Plans which will be rigorously
evaluated in the Stage2 of the competition for prioritizing cities for
financing. In the first round of this stage, 20 top scorers will be chosen for
financing during this financial year. The remaining would be asked to
make up the deficiencies identified by the Apex Committee in the
Ministry of Urban Development for participation in the next two rounds
of competition. 40 cities each will be selected for financing during the
next rounds of competition.
FINANCE
A total of 98000 crore (US$15 billion) has been approved by the Indian
Cabinet for development of 100 smart cities and rejuvenation of 500
others. For Smart Cities Mission, 48000 crore (US$7.2 billion) and for Atal
Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT), a total
funding of 50000 crore (US$7.5 billion) has been approved by the
Cabinet.

Each city would get 100 crore (US$15 million) every year from the Centre
for five years. The remaining money has to come from the states, urban
bodies and the consortium that they form with corporate entities. Also,
10 per cent of budget allocation will be given to States / Union Territories
as incentive based on achievement of reforms during the previous year.

In the 2014 Union budget of India, Finance Minister Arun Jaitley allocated
7016 crore (US$1.1 billion) for the 100 Smart Cities. However, only 924
crore (US$140 million) could be spent out of the allocated amount till
February 2015. Hence, the 2015 Union budget of India allocated only 143
crore (US$22 million) for the project.

CORE INFRASTRUCTURE ELEMENT

1. Adequate Water Supply
2. Assured Electricity Supply
3. Sanitation, including Solid Waste Management
4. Efficient Urban Mobility and Public Transport
5. Affordable Housing (especially for the poor)
6. Robust IT Connectivity and Digitization
7. Good Governance (especially e-Governance and citizen
participation)
8. Sustainable Environment
9. Safety and Security of citizens (particularly women, children and the
elderly).
TERMINOLOGY
Due to the breadth of technologies that have been implemented under
the smart city label, it is difficult to distil a precise definition of a smart
city. Deakin and Al Wear list four factors that contribute to the definition
of a smart city:

1. The application of a wide range of electronic and digital

technologies to communities and cities
2. The use of ICT to transform life and working environments within
the region
3. The embedding of such ICTs in government systems
4. The territorialisation of practices that brings ICTs and people
together to enhance the innovation and knowledge that they offer

CHARACTERISTICS
It has been suggested that a smart city (also community, Business cluster,
urban agglomeration or region) use information technologies to:

1. Make more efficient use of physical infrastructure (roads, built

environment and other physical assets) through artificial
intelligence and data analytics to support a strong and healthy
economic, social, cultural development.
2. Engage effectively with local people in local governance and
decision by use of open innovation processes and e-participation,
improving the collective intelligence of the citys institutions
through E-Governance, with emphasis placed on citizen
participation and co-design.
3. Learn, adapt and innovate and thereby respond more effectively
and promptly to changing circumstances by improving the
intelligence of the city.
They evolve towards a strong integration of all dimensions of human
intelligence, collective intelligence, and also artificial intelligence within
the city. The intelligence of cities "resides in the increasingly effective
combination of digital telecommunication networks (the nerves),
ubiquitously embedded intelligence (the brains), sensors and tags (the
sensory organs), and software (the knowledge and cognitive
competence)".

These forms of intelligence in smart cities have been demonstrated in

three ways:

1. Orchestration intelligence: Where cities establish institutions and

community-based problem solving and collaborations, such as in
Bletchley Park, where the Nazi Enigma cypher was decoded by a
team led by Alan Turing. This has been referred to as the first
example of a smart city or an intelligent community.
2. Empowerment intelligence: Cities provide open platforms,
experimental facilities and smart city infrastructure in order to
cluster innovation in certain districts. These are seen in the Kista
Science City in Stockholm and the Cyberport Zone in Hong Kong.
Similar facilities have also been established in Melbourne.
3. Instrumentation intelligence: Where city infrastructure is made
smart through real time data collection, with analysis and predictive
modelling across city districts. There is much controversy
surrounding this, particularly with regards to surveillance issues in
smart cities. Examples of Instrumentation intelligence have been
implemented in Amsterdam. This is implemented through:

A common IP infrastructure that is open to researchers to

develop applications.
Wireless meters and devices transmit information at the point
in time.
A number of homes being provided with smart energy meters
to become aware of energy consumption and reduce energy
usage
Solar power garbage compactors, car recharging stations and
energy saving lamps.
PLATFORMS & TECHNOLOGIE
The rise of new Internet technologies promoting cloud-based services,
the Internet of Things (IoT), real-world user interfaces, use of smart
phones and smart meters, networks of sensors and RFIDs, and more
accurate communication based on the semantic web, open new ways to
collective action and collaborative problem solving.

Online collaborative sensor data management platforms are on-line

database services that allow sensor owners to register and connect their
devices to feed data into an on-line database for storage and allow
developers to connect to the database and build their own applications
based on that data.

The city of Santander in Cantabria, northern Spain, has 20,000 sensors

connecting buildings, infrastructure, transport, networks and utilities,
offers a physical space for experimentation and validation of the IoT
functions, such as interaction and management protocols, device
technologies, and support services such as discovery, identity
management and security In Santander, the sensors monitor the levels of
pollution, noise, traffic and parking.

Electronic cards (known as smart cards) are another common platform in

smart city contexts. These cards possess a unique encrypted identifier
that allows the owner to log in to a range of government provided
services (or e-services) without setting up multiple accounts. The single
identifier allows governments to aggregate data about citizens and their
preferences to improve the provision of services and to determine
common interests of groups. This technology has been implemented in
Southampton.
 STATE WISE LIST
The List of 98 Smart Cities for making them as Satellite Towns.

No. of cities
S.No. Name of State/UT Names of Cities
shortlisted
1. Andaman & Nicobar Islands 1 1. Port Blair
1. Visakhapatnam
2. Andhra Pradesh 3 2. Tirupati
3. Kakinada
3. Arunachal Pradesh 1 1. Pasighat
4. Assam 1 1. Guwahati
1. Muzaffarpur
5. Bihar 3 2. Bhagalpur
3. Biharsharif
6. Chandigarh 1 1. Chandigarh
1. Raipur
7. Chhattisgarh 2
2. Bilaspur
8. Daman & Diu 1 1. Diu
9. Dadra & Nagar Haveli 1 1. Silvassa
1. New Delhi Municipal
10. Delhi 1
Council
11. Goa 1 1. Panaji
1. Gandhinagar
2. Ahmedabad
3. Surat
12. Gujarat 6
4. Vadodara
5. Rajkot
6. Dahod
1. Karnal
13. Haryana 2
2. Faridabad
14. Himachal Pradesh 1 1. Dharamshala
15. Jharkhand 1 1. Ranchi
1. Mangaluru
16. Karnataka 6 2. Belagavi
3. Shivamogga
 4. Hubballi - Dharwad
5. Tumakuru
6. Davanegere
17. Kerala 1 1. Kochi
18. Lakshadweep 1 1. Kavaratti
1. Bhopal
2. Indore
3. Gwalior
19. Madhya Pradesh 7 4. Jabalpur
5. Satna
6. Ujjain
7. Sagar
1. Navi Mumbai
2. Nashik
3. Thane
4. Greater Mumbai
5. Amravati
20. Maharashtra 10
6. Solapur
7. Nagpur
8. Pune
9. Kalyan - Dombivali
10. Aurangabad
21. Manipur 1 1. Imphal
22. Meghalaya 1 1. Shillong
23. Mizoram 1 1. Aizawl
24. Nagaland 1 1. Kohima
1. Bhubabeshwar
25. Odisha 2
2. Raurkela
26. Puducherry 1 1. Oulgaret
1. Ludhiana
27. Punjab 3 2. Jalandhar
3. Amritsar
1. Jaipur
2. Udaipur
28. Rajasthan 4
3. Kota
4. Ajmer
29. Sikkim 1 1. Namchi
 1. Tiruchirapalli
2. Tirunelveli
3. Dindigul
4. Thanjavur
5. Tiruppur
6. Salem
30. Tamil Nadu 12
7. Vellore
8. Coimbatore
9. Madurai
10. Erode
11. Thoothukudi
12. Chennai
1. Greater Hyderabad
31. Telangana 2
1. Greater Warangal
32. Tripura 1 1. Agartala
1. Moradabad
2. Aligarh
3. Saharanpur
4. Bareilly
5. Jhansi
6. Kanpur
33. Uttar Pradesh 12
7. Allahabad
8. Lucknow
9. Varanasi
10. Ghaziabad
11. Agra
12. Rampur
34. Uttarakhand 1 1. Dehradun
1. New Town Kolkata
2. Bidhannagar
35. West Bengal 4
3. Durgapur
4. Haldi

Jammu & Kashmir has asked for more time to decide on the
potential Smart city. 12 Cities have been shortlisted from Uttar
Pradesh against 13 cities allocated to the state.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Given the challenges involved in developing 100 smart cities, only the
capable cities will be chosen under the Smart Cities Mission through a
two stage competition.

Stage 1 of Selection
The list of nomination marks the first stage in the selection process of
smart cities, in which the state governments nominated potential cities
and the Centre shortlisted 100.

The evaluation criteria for Stage1 of competition within the State/UT is as

below:

1. Existing Service Levels (25 points): This includes Increase in service

levels over Census 2011, an operational Online Grievance Redressal
System, Publication of at least first monthly newsletter and online
publication of municipal budget expenditure details for the last two
financial years on website.
2. Institutional Systems and Capacities (15 points): This covers
imposition of penalties for delays in service delivery and
improvement in internal resource generation over the last three
years;
3. Self-financing (30 points): This would be reflected in payment of
salaries by urban local bodies up to last month, Auditing of accounts
up to FY 201213, Contribution of internal revenues to the Budget
for 201415 and Percentage of establishment and maintenance cost
of water supply met through user charges during 201415.
4. Past track record (30 points): Percentage of JNNURM projects
completed which were sanctioned till 2012, Percentage of City level
reforms achieved under JNNURM and extent of capital expenditure
met from internal resources.
Stage 2 of Selection
The Government on 27th August 2015 released the list of nominees for
the ambitious smart city project. The list comprises 98 cities, including
many state capitals.

City Level Evaluation (30 points)

1. Credibility of implementation: This encompasses improvement in
operational efficiency over the last three years as reflected in
average time taken to give building plan approvals, increase in
property tax assessment and collection, collection of user charges
for water, improvement in power supply, easing of traffic
congestion, online accessing of statutory documents through
adoption of IT etc.
2. City Vision and Strategy: As reflected in the degree of correlation
with the needs and aspirations of the residents, use of ICT to
improve public service delivery, impact on core economic activity
and inclusiveness.

Proposal Level Evaluation (70 points)

1. Impact of proposal: To what extent the proposal is inclusive in
terms of benefits to the poor and disadvantaged, Extent of
employment generation, Articulation of quantifiable outcomes
based on citizen consultations, Impact on environment etc.
2. Cost effectiveness of Smart City Plan: Application of smart solutions
for doing more with less of resources, Alternatives considered to
enhance cost effectiveness of the proposal, firming up of resources
required from various sources, Provision for Operation &
Maintenance Costs, IT interventions to improve public service
delivery.
3. Innovation and Scalability: Extent of adoption of best practices in
consultation with citizens, Applicability of project to the entire city,
Adoption of smart solutions and Pan city developments.
4. Processes followed: Extent of citizen consultations, vulnerable
sections like the differently abled, children, elderly etc., ward
committees and area sabhas and important citizen groups, Extent
of use of social media and mobile governance during citizen
consultations and Accommodation of contrary voices in the
strategy and planning
IDEOLOGY
Rapid urbanization and increasing pressure on limited floor space
index across urban regions in India led to the need and conception
of smart cities
Growth of industrialization and economic progress in the country
went into the need of conceptualizing more urban conurbations to
effectively absorb migrant/working populating. Advanced cities in
terms of sustainable living, water and energy conservation and
public safety, supportive healthcare facilities and employment
generation emerged as the solution
Increasing population demands efficient and judicious use of
limited infrastructure and other public utilities which subsequently
begets the urgency of radically transforming life with the use of
technological innovation

OBJECTIVES
Conceptualization of smart cities is based on achieving enhanced
livability index across the corridors of growth which are expected to
push economic growth in the near future
To boost efficiency of public utility in transportation,
communication, water/gas/electricity supply and subsequently
realize a modern lifestyle for domiciles
To establish safe and secure living environment utilizing
technological innovations which subsequently adds to the inclusive
growth prospects of these cities
Optimally utilize information technology to habilitate the migrant
population with e-management systems being the spine of
infrastructure
FEATURES
The Key Features of Modis 100 Smart City Project:

Automatic traffic signal: In case of heavy traffics routes will be

automatically diverted.

Better Public transport facility: To reduce traffic on roads, there will be

improvement in existing public transport system.

Quick accident relief: In case of accident or fault in a vehicle, people will

get help in just one call. They will get help through CCTV too.

Smart Traffic system: On the lines of Londons Smart Traffic System,

people will get the information regarding heavy traffic in advance. At
present, Bangalore has this system.

Data Centre: The prime feature of Smart City projects will be Data Centre.
It will hold information about every city.

Face Identification System to catch criminals: On the lines of Paris, the

Smart City will have Face Identification System in place to catch criminals.
The photos and DNA of criminals and suspects will be entered in
computer and information will also be shared with other cities. After the
scanning face, an alert message will be sent to police control room and
this message will be forwarded to nearest police station so criminals can
be nabbed easily. This system will help in controlling the crime.

Control Room: There will be an integrated control room for crime, health,
services and traffic for better coordination to provide quick help to
people.

Housing and inclusiveness: expand housing opportunities for all;

Promoting mixed land use in area-based developments: planning for

unplanned areas containing a range of compatible activities and land
uses close to one another in order to make land use more efficient. The
States will enable some flexibility in land use and building bye-laws to
adapt to change.
Creating walkable localities: reduce congestion, air pollution and
resource depletion, boost local economy, promote interactions and
ensure security. The road network is created or refurbished not only for
vehicles and public transport, but also for pedestrians and cyclists, and
necessary administrative services are offered within walking or cycling
distance;

Preserving and developing open spaces: parks, playgrounds, and

recreational spaces in order to enhance the quality of life of citizens,
reduce the urban heat effects in Areas and generally promote eco-
balance;

Promoting a variety of transport options: Transit Oriented Development

(TOD), public transport and last mile para-transport connectivity;

Making governance citizen-friendly and cost effective: increasingly rely

on online services to bring about accountability and transparency,
especially using mobiles to reduce cost of services and providing services
without having to go to municipal offices; form e-groups to listen to
people and obtain feedback and use online monitoring of programs and
activities with the aid of cyber tour of worksites;

Giving an identity to the city: based on its main economic activity, such
as local cuisine, health, education, arts and craft, culture, sports goods,
furniture, hosiery, textile, dairy, etc;

Applying Smart Solutions to infrastructure and services in area: based

development in order to make them better. For example, making Areas
less vulnerable to disasters, using fewer resources, and providing cheaper
services.
SMARTER SOLUTIONS FOR A
BETTER TOMORROW IN INDIA
SMART ENERGY SMART ENVIRONMENT
SMART GOVERNANCE

Investments of about USD 1.2 trillion will be required over the next
20 years across areas like transportation, energy and public security
to build smart cities in India.
Budget 2014-15:
U SD 1.2 billion allocated for smart cities and FDI norms relaxed
USD 83 million allocated for Digital India Initiative
PPP Model to be used to upgrade infrastructure in 500 urban areas
Smart City projects to create 10-15% rise in employment
Ministry of Urban Development has plans to develop 2 smart cities
in each of Indias 29 states
Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor Development Corporation Ltd
(DMICDC) plans seven smart cities along the 1,500 km industrial
corridor across six states with a total investment of USD 100 billion
SMART ENERGY

Smart Grid
Electrification of all households with power available for at least 8 hours
per day by 2017.
Indigenous low cost smart meter by 2014.
Establish smart grid test bed by 2014 and smart grid knowledge centre
by 2015.
Implementation of 8 smart grid pilot projects in India with an
investment of USD 10 million.

Energy Storage
Addition of 88,000 MW of power generation capacity in the 12th Five
Year Plan (2012-17).
India needs to add at least 250-400 GW of new power generation
capacity by 2030.
T he Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd has planned to invest USD 26
billion in the next years.

Smart Meters
India to install 130 million smart meters by 2021.
SMART ENVIRONMENT

Renewable Energy
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy has plans to add capacity of
30,000 MW in the 12th Five Year Plan (2012-17).

Water and Waste Water Management

The Indian Ministry of Water Resources plans to invest USD 50 billion in
the water sector in the coming years.
The Yamuna Action Plan Phase III project for Delhi is approved at an
estimated cost of USD 276 million.

Sanitation
About 67 per cent of the rural population continues to defecate in the
open, and India accounts for about 50 per cent of the worlds open
defecation.
The Government of India and the World Bank have signed a USD 500
million credit for the Rural Water Supply and Sanitation (RWSS) project
in the Indian states of Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh.
SMART TRANSPORTATION

Green Transport
The Government of India has approved a USD 4.13 billion plan to spur
electric and hybrid vehicle production by setting an ambitious target of
6 million vehicles by 2020
Electric vehicle charging stations in all urban areas and along all state
and national highways by 2027.

Railways
Metro: Ministry of Urban Development plans to invest more than USD
20 billion on the metro rail projects in coming years.
High Speed Rail: The proposed 534 km Mumbai- Ahmedabad high speed
rail project will have an investment of around USD 10.5 billion.
Monorail: Indias first monorail project at Mumbai will cost around USD
500 million, of which USD 183 million has been spent.
SMART IT & COMMUNICATIONS

Information and Communications Technology

Cloud computing will evolve into a USD 4.5 billion market in India by
2016.
Broadband connections to 175 million users by 2017.

Security and Surveillance

Under the flagship Safe City project, the Union Ministry proposes USD
333 million to make seven big cities (Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai,
Ahmedabad, Bangalore and Hyderabad) to focus on technological
advancement rather than manpower.

Disaster Management
Government of India and World Bank signed USD 236 million
agreement for reducing disaster risks in coastal villages of Tamil Nadu
and Puducherry.
SMART BUILDINGS

India is expected to emerge as the worlds 3rd largest construction

market by 2020, by adding 11.5 million homes every year.
The Intelligent Building Management Systems market is around USD
621 million and is expected to reach USD 1,891 million by 2016.
Smart Buildings will save up to 30 per cent of water usage, 40 percent
of energy usage and reduction of building maintenance costs by 10 to
30 percent.

The Smart Cities India 2015 Conference will provide a common

forum to discuss and deliberate some of the most challenging
issues, new areas and upcoming technologies with stakeholders
who are developing smart cities.
The conference methodology would include plenary sessions,
meetings, demos, presentations, projects and solutions. It will
also give opportunities for one to one meetings, group
discussions and networking.
CONFERENCE TOPICS
Smart Governance
Ministry of Urban Development perspective on smart cities in India.
Key trends and outlook of smart cities.
Regulatory and financial framework for smart cities.
Financing smart city initiatives.
Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor and smart city development.

Smart Energy
Energy management, smart grid and energy efficiency.
Grid stability, security and network reliability.
Smart metering in India and experience sharing of USA/Europe.
Scope of smart grid and smart meters in 12th Five Year Plan.
Smart Grids roadmaps and deployments.
Smart Vision, Components and Roadmap of Smart Grid in India.

Smart Environment
Emerging trends in renewable energy.
Energy savings and efficiency methods.
Waste management and recycling technologies.
Biological treatment of wastewater.
Sustainable future for Indias energy-stressed cities.

Smart Transportation
Reviewing green developments in India.
Fuel Cell development and its prospects.
Intelligent transport and mobility systems in India.
Ground transport technology: Advancements and opportunities.
Research & development of next generation rechargeable batteries.
Smart IT & Communications
Critical role of Information Communications Technology in smart cities.
Cloud Computing.
Smart metering communication requirements.
New threats and emerging trends in cyber security.
Smart solutions for safety & security of smart cities.
Disaster management and communications.

Smart Buildings
Future vision of smart homes and buildings.
Advanced HVAC systems.
Rain water harvesting solutions for smart cities.
Building automation and management systems.