ChartNo1 PDF

U.S. Chart No.
1
Symbols, Abbreviations and Terms
used on Paper and Electronic Navigational Charts
12th Edition, April 15, 2013
Corrected through NM Nov. 16, 2013
Corrected through LNM Nov. 12, 2013
Prepared Jointly by
Department of Commerce
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Department of Defense
National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
1
New in Edition 12: ECDIS Symbols and Other ECDIS Information
ECDIS
Symbology for displaying Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs) on an Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) has been added to U.S. Chart No. 1. See the
Preface and Introduction sections for more details.
In addition to the ECDIS symbols shown in the traditional lettered sections of U.S. Chart No. 1, there are now several special pages devoted exclusively to providing important
details about ECDIS. These pages are distinguished by the ECDIS icon, as shown in the top left corner of this page. The ECDIS pages are also listed in the table of contents
in italic type.
One major difference in the use of paper charts and ENCs is the ability of ECDIS to display the same feature differently depending on user settings and
other conditions, such as a ships draft. An important example is that ECDIS displays wrecks, rocks and other obstructions with their traditional paper chart
symbols if they are at or deeper than the depth of the safety contour set for the ship. Dangers that are shoaler are portrayed with the unique ECDIS isolated
danger symbol shown at left. (See the ECDIS Portrayal of Depths page for more information about the ECDIS safety contour.)
Another advantage that ECDIS provides over paper charts is enabling users to obtain more information about a feature through a
cursor pick. Some feature attribute values that can be obtained by cursor pick are noted throughout U.S. Chart No. 1. This is especially
true if a particular value, such as height, vertical clearance or the like is included in the INT symbol description. The cursor pick icon, shown
at left, is used to indicate when a reference to a cursor pick is made.
7KHUHDUHPDQ\RWKHUDWWULEXWHYDOXHVWKDWXVHUVPD\REWDLQWKURXJKDFXUVRUSLFNWKDWDUHQRWVSHFLFDOO\QRWHG7KHVHLQFOXGHEXWDUHQRW
limited to, the purpose, seasonality, periodicity, status, color, height, type of structure and the visual or radar conspicuousness of features;
shape, color or color pattern of buoys; characteristics of lights; category of obstructions and wrecks; radar wave length, radio frequency,
communication channel and call signs; the presence of AIS transmitted signals; information regarding pilotage services and many more.
No man is an island and no single reference document stands on its own. U.S. Chart No. 1 is a handy guide for ECDIS
users, but it is no substitute for mandated ECDIS training.
The ECDIS user and developer communities are invited to help improve the presentation of ECDIS symbology and infor
mation in U.S. Chart No. 1. We want to know what you think works well, which parts are a little rocky, and what additional
information you would like to have included in the next edition of U.S. Chart No. 1.
Please send any recommendations or corrections to:

USChart1@noaa.gov
or
National Ocean Service, NOAA (N/CS2)
Attention: U.S. Chart No. 1
1315 East West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20912-3282
2
SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS
Contents
Document Sections and ECDIS Pages Symbol Sections
Preface 5 GENERAL
Introduction 5 A Chart Number, Title, Marginal Notes
Schematic Layout 8 B Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass
Day, Dusk and Night Color Palettes 9
TOPOGRAPHY
Conspicuous and Non-Conspicuous Features 26
C Natural Features
ECDIS Portrayal of Depths 45
D Cultural Features
Examples of Routing Measures in ECDIS 66
E Landmarks
6LPSOLHGDQG7UDGLWLRQDO3DSHU&KDUW6\PEROV 86
F Ports
Index of Abbreviations 106
G (Not currently used)
Index 112
Appendix 1, IALA Maritime Buoyage System 124 HYDROGRAPHY
H Tides, Currents
I Depths
J Nature of the Seabed
K Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions, Aquaculture
L Offshore Installations
M Tracks, Routes
N Areas, Limits
O (Not currently used)
NAVIGATION AIDS AND SERVICES

P Lights
Q Buoys, Beacons
R Fog Signals
S Radar, Radio, Satellite Navigation Systems
T Services
U Small Craft (Leisure) Facilities
3
4
PREFACE INTRODUCTION
Presentation of Two Symbology Sets New Column Headers
This edition of U.S. Chart No. 1 has a new name and a new look. Its title is now Sym- The orientation of this edition of U.S. Chart No. 1 has been rotated 90 into a land
EROV$EEUHYLDWLRQVDQG7HUPVXVHGRQ3DSHUDQG(OHFWURQLF1DYLJDWLRQDO&KDUWV. For scape format to allow two additional columns to be added to the right side of the page.
WKHUVWWLPH86&KDUW1RSUHVHQWVERWKRIWKHPDMRUV\PERORJ\VHWVXVHGIRU These columns hold the ECDIS symbols corresponding to the paper chart symbols
marine navigation. shown on the left side.
As in previous editions, the symbols used on paper nautical charts produced by the ,17 V\PEROV DV VSHFLHG LQ WKH 5HJXODWLRQV RI WKH ,+2 IRU ,QWHUQDWLRQDO ,17
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Geospatial- &KDUWV DQG &KDUW 6SHFLFDWLRQV RI WKH ,+2 appear in the second column from the
Intelligence Agency (NGA) and digital raster representations of those charts, such left, after the symbol number. Any variations from INT 1 symbology that are used on
as NOAA Raster Nautical Charts (NOAA RNCs), are presented in lettered sections charts produced by NOAA or NGA are shown in the NOAA, NGA and the Other NGA
organized in categories, such as Landmarks, Depths, and Lights. New in this edition columns (columns 4a, 4b, and 5 respectively).
is the inclusion of the corresponding symbols used to portray Electronic Navigational ECDIS symbols and their descriptions are shown in columns 6 and 7 respectively.
Chart (ENC) data on Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems (ECDIS) as The ECDIS description usually provides the generic symbol name given in the IHO
VSHFLHGE\WKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO+\GURJUDSKLF2UJDQL]DWLRQ,+2 6SHFLFDWLRQVIRU&KDUW&RQWHQWDQG'LVSOD\$VSHFWVRI(&',6 although sometimes
Other Non-ECDIS Digital Displays May Portray Data Differently other clarifying terms are also provided in column 7. The ECDIS symbols shown use
1DYLJDWLRQV\VWHPVFHUWLHGWRPHHWWKHH[DFWLQJSHUIRUPDQFHVWDQGDUGVHVWDEOLVKHG the day color palette (see page 9).
by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) are said to be ECDIS type approved. When columns 4a and 4b are combined, this indicates that NOAA and NGA both use
The symbology used to display ENCs or other non-ENC nautical navigational data on the same non-INT 1 symbol for that particular feature. When any of columns 4a, 4b, or
non-ECDIS systems, such as geographic information systems, recreational GPS and 5 are blank, then the INT 1 symbol has been adopted for use by the organization for
RWKHUFKDUWGLVSOD\V\VWHPVFDQGLIIHUVLJQLFDQWO\IURPWKHV\PERORJ\VSHFLHGIRU which that column applies.
ECDIS type approved systems. U.S. Chart No. 1 RQO\VKRZVWKHV\PERORJ\XVHGRQ The schematic layout following this introduction shows a typical symbol table page.
ECDIS. It provides details about the table headers and the types of information presented in
each of the columns.
Sample Chart Layouts
Section A presents two schematics showing typical layouts of the major elements of
NOAA and NGA charts.
INFORMATION ON SELECTED CHART FEATURES

Soundings
The sounding datum reference is stated in the chart title. Soundings on NOAA and
NGA charts may be shown in fathoms, feet, fathoms and feet, fathoms and fractions,
or meters and decimeters. In all cases the unit of depth used is shown in the chart title
and outside the border of the chart in bold type (see item b in Section A). For ECDIS,
the sounding datum is part of the ENC metadata, which can be retrieved through a
cursor inquiry.
Heights
Heights of lights, landmarks, structures, etc. refer to the shoreline plane of reference.
The unit of height is shown in the chart title. When the elevations of islets or bare rocks
are offset into the adjacent water, they are shown in parentheses. For ECDIS, the unit
of height is meters.
Drying Heights
For rocks and banks that cover and uncover, elevations are underlined and are ref
erenced to the sounding datum as stated in the chart title (or in the ENC metadata).
When the heights of rocks that cover and uncover are offset into the adjacent water,
they are shown in parentheses.
5
Shoreline Light Range (Visibility)
Shoreline shown on charts represents the line of contact between the land and a A lights range or visibility is given in nautical miles, except on the Great Lakes and
VHOHFWHGZDWHUHOHYDWLRQ,QDUHDVDIIHFWHGE\WLGDOXFWXDWLRQWKLVOLQHRIFRQWDFWLV adjacent waterways, where light ranges are given in statute miles. For lights having
XVXDOO\WKHPHDQKLJKZDWHUOLQH,QFRQQHGFRDVWDOZDWHUVRIGLPLQLVKHGWLGDOLQX more than one color, NOAA charts give only the shortest range of all the colors. On
ence, a mean water level may be used. The shoreline of interior waters (rivers, lakes) NGA charts, multiple ranges may be shown using the following convention. For lights
LVXVXDOO\DOLQHUHSUHVHQWLQJDVSHFLHGHOHYDWLRQDERYHDVHOHFWHGGDWXP6KRUHOLQH ZLWKWZRFRORUVWKHUVWQXPEHULQGLFDWHVWKHUDQJHRIWKHUVWFRORUDQGWKHVHFRQG
is symbolized by a heavy line (symbol C 1). Apparent shoreline is used on charts to number indicates the range of the second color. For example, Fl WG 12/8M means the
show the outer edge of marine vegetation where the limit would be expected to appear range of the white light is 12 nautical miles and the range of green light is 8 nautical
as the shoreline to the mariner or where it prevents the shoreline from being clearly miles. For lights with three colors, only the longest and shortest ranges are given and
GHQHG$SSDUHQWVKRUHOLQHLVV\PEROL]HGE\DOLJKWOLQHV\PEROV&&&S the middle range is indicated by a dash. For example, Fl WRG 12-8M means that the
C q and C r). range of the white light is 12 nautical miles, the range of green light is 8 nautical miles
Landmarks and the range of the red light is between 8 to 12 nautical miles. The dash can appear
in any of the three positions.
A structure or a conspicuous feature on a structure may be shown by a landmark sym
bol with a descriptive label (see Section E). Prominent buildings that could assist the Aids to Navigation Positioning
mariner may be shown by actual shape as viewed from above (see Sections D and E). 7KH[HGDQGRDWLQJDLGVWRQDYLJDWLRQGHSLFWHGRQFKDUWVKDYHYDU\LQJGHJUHHVRI
On NGA charts, landmark legends shown in capital letters indicate that a landmark is reliability. Floating aids are moored to sinkers by varying lengths of chain and may shift
conspicuous; the landmark may also be labeled CONSPICUOUS or CONSPIC. due to sea conditions and other causes. Buoys may also be carried away, capsized
On NOAA charts, all landmarks are considered to be conspicuous, and landmark leg or sunk. Lighted buoys may be extinguished and sound signals may not function,
ends shown in all capital letters indicate a landmark has been positioned accurately; because of ice or other causes. Therefore, prudent mariners will not rely solely on any
legends using both upper and lower case letters indicate an approximate position. VLQJOHDLGWRQDYLJDWLRQSDUWLFXODUO\RQRDWLQJDLGVEXWZLOODOVRXVHEHDULQJVIURP
[HGREMHFWVDQGDLGVWRQDYLJDWLRQRQVKRUH
ECDIS portrays conspicuous features with black symbols and non-conspicuous fea
tures with brown symbols. Only the conspicuous version is shown in the lettered sec Colors
tions of U.S. Chart No. 1. See the ECDIS Conspicuous and Non-Conspicuous Fea Color conveys the nature and importance of features found on nautical charts. Chart
tures page in front of Section E for more information. HOHPHQWVVLJQLFDQWWRPDULQHQDYLJDWLRQVXFKDVOLJKWVFRPSDVVURVHVDQGUHJX
IALA Buoyage System lated areas, are emphasized with magenta. Lateral marks on NOAA charts are shown
ZLWKDUHGRUJUHHQOO6KDGHVRIEOXHGHSLFWSRWHQWLDOKD]DUGVWRQDYLJDWLRQW\SLFDOO\
The International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities shallow water and submerged obstructions. Areas of deeper water believed to be clear
(IALA) Maritime Buoyage System is followed by most of the worlds maritime nations; of obstructions are shown as white. Land, and other features that are always dry, are
however, systems used in some foreign waters may be different. IALA buoyage is depicted with buff on NOAA charts and gray on NGA charts. Foreshore and other
divided into two regions: Region A and Region B. All navigable waters of the United intertidal features are portrayed with a green tint. Other colors may be used to provide
States follow IALA Region B rules, except U.S. possessions west of the International additional information, such as protected areas, which are outlined in blue or green
Date Line and south of 10 north latitude, which follow IALA Region A rules. and mineral lease blocks, which are outlined in red.
The major difference between the two buoyage regions is the color of the lateral 7UDIF6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPHV
marks. Region A uses red to port and Region B uses red to starboard (red-right
returning). The shapes of the lateral marks are the same in both regions, can to port 7UDIFVHSDUDWLRQVFKHPHVVKRZUHFRPPHQGHGODQHVWRLQFUHDVHVDIHW\RIQDYLJD
and cone (nun) to starboard, when entering from seaward. Cardinal and other marks, tion, particularly in areas of high density shipping. These schemes are described in the
such as those for isolated dangers, safe water and special marks are also the same International Maritime Organization (IMO) publication, Ships Routeing.7UDIFVHSDUD
in both regions. Section Q and Appendix 1 illustrate the IALA buoyage system for both tion schemes are generally shown on nautical charts at scales of 1:600,000 and larger.
Regions A and B. :KHQSRVVLEOHWUDIFVHSDUDWLRQVFKHPHVDUHSORWWHGWRVFDOHDQGVKRZQDVGHSLFWHG
in Section M.
U.S. Lateral Marks
Conversion Scales
Most of U.S. waters are in IALA Region B. In the U.S. system, on entering a channel
from seaward, buoys and beacon dayboards on the starboard side are red with even Depth conversion scales are provided on all charts to enable the user to work in
numbers and have red lights, if lit. Buoys and beacon dayboards on the port side are meters, fathoms or feet.
green with odd numbers and have green lights, if lit. Preferred channel buoys have Correction Date
red and green horizontal bands with the top band color indicating the preferred side The date of each new chart edition is shown below the lower left border of the chart.
of passage. The date of the latest NGA issued U.S. Notice to Mariners applied to the chart is
6
shown after the edition date. NOAA charts also show the date of the latest U.S. Coast
Guard Local Notice to Mariners applied to the chart.
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
Information on the use of nautical charts, aids to navigation, sounding datums and the
practice of navigation in general is in 7KH$PHULFDQ3UDFWLFDO1DYLJDWRU(Bowditch),
available through the Publications link on the NGA Maritime Safety Information portal
at msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/MSI.portal.
Tide and current data over U.S. waters is available from the NOAA Center for Opera
tional Oceanographic Products and Services at tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov.
'HWDLOHGLQIRUPDWLRQDERXWVSHFLFOLJKWVEXR\VDQGEHDFRQVDQGJHQHUDOLQIRUPDWLRQ
about the U.S. Aids to Navigation System and the Uniform State Waterway Marking Sys
tems is in the U.S. Coast Guard Light List, at navcen.uscg.gov/?pageName=lightLists.
Information about aids to navigation in foreign waters is in the NGA List of Lights, avail
able through the Publications link on the NGA Maritime Safety Information portal at
msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/MSI.portal.
Other important information that cannot be shown conveniently on nautical charts
can be found in the NOAA U.S. Coast Pilot, at www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/staff/
chartspubs.html and NGA Sailing Directions, available through the Publications link
on the NGA Maritime Safety Information portal at msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/MSI.portal.
U.S. Nautical Chart Catalogs and Indexes
NGA catalogs are available through the Product Catalog link on the NGA Maritime
Safety Information portal at msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/MSI.portal. NOAA catalogs are
available at www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/ccatalogs.htm. A list of the dates of the
latest editions of NOAA charts is at www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/dole.htm.
CORRECTIONS AND COMMENTS

Corrections to U.S. Chart No. 1 will appear in the weekly U.S. Notice to Mariners,
available through the Notice to Mariners link on the NGA Maritime Safety Information
portal at msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/MSI.portal.
Users may send corrections or comments to USChart1@noaa.gov or by mail to:
National Ocean Service, NOAA (N/CS2)
Attention: U.S. Chart No. 1
1315 East West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282
7
Schematic Layout of U.S. Chart No. 1:
A
K Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions
'
C Rocks Supplementary national symbol: a
E 3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU+HLJKWV+3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKV+
No. INT 'HVFULSWLRQ NOAA NGA Other NGA (&',6
rock which covers and
uncovers or is awash at
low water
(06)
Uncov 1m underwater hazard which
Rock which covers and uncov
11 ers, height above chart datum
( 2)
( 2) 4
(06)
covers and uncovers with
drying height
Uncov 1m
isolated danger of depth
less than the safety
contour
1 2 3 4a 4b 5 6 7
A Section designation
B Section
C Sub-section
D Reference to Supplementary national symbols at the end of each section
E Cross-reference to terms in other sections
1 &ROXPQ1XPEHULQJV\VWHPIROORZLQJWKH&KDUW6SHFLFDWLRQRIWKH,+2$OHWWHULQWKLVFROXPQLQGLFDWHVDVXSSOHPHQWDU\QDWLRQDOV\PERORUDEEUHYLDWLRQIRUZKLFKWKHUHLVQRLQWHUQDWLRQDOHTXLYDOHQW
2 &ROXPQ5HSUHVHQWDWLRQWKDWIROORZVWKH&KDUW6SHFLFDWLRQVRIWKH,+2,17V\PERO
3 Column 3: Description of symbol, term, or abbreviation
4a * Column 4a: Representation used on charts produced by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
*
4b Column 4b: Representation used on charts produced by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA)
5 Column 5: Representation of symbols that may appear on NGA reproductions of foreign charts
6 ** Column 6: Representation used to portray ENC data on ECDIS
7 ** Column 7: Description of ECDIS symbols
* When columns 4a and 4b are combined then NOAA and NGA both use the same symbol. When either column 4a or 4b is blank then the respective agency uses the INT 1 symbol shown in column 2.
:KHQFROXPQVDQGKDYHVHYHUDOURZVIRUWKHVDPHV\PEROQXPEHUWKHQ(&',6SRUWUD\VWKLVIHDWXUHGLIIHUHQWO\GHSHQGLQJRQWKHVKLSVGUDIWDQGRWKHUFRQGLWLRQVDVGHQHGLQ(&',6E\WKHPDULQHUDVLVWKH
**
case for K 11). When columns 6 and 7 combine rows to span across several symbol numbers then ECDIS portrays all of the grouped symbol numbers the same way (see C 5C 7).
6LJQLHVWKDWWKLVUHSUHVHQWDWLRQLVREVROHWHEXWLWPD\DSSHDURQROGHUFKDUWV
6LJQLHVWKDWDIHDWXUHDWWULEXWHYDOXHVXFKDVDKHLJKWGLVWDQFHRUQDPHPD\EHREWDLQHGWKURXJKDQ(&',6FXUVRUSLFNUHSRUW7KHUHDUHPDQ\DWWULEXWHYDOXHVWKDWPD\EHREWDLQHGLQWKLVPDQQHUEXWWKHFXUVRU
SLFNLFRQLVRQO\XVHGWRQRWHYDOXHVWKDWDUHVSHFLFDOO\UHIHUUHGWRLQWKHGHVFULSWLRQRIV\PEROVFROXPQDQGWKDW(&',6GRHVQRWGLVSOD\QH[WWRWKHV\PERO+HLJKWRIWUHHVLQ&LVDQH[DPSOH
8
Day, Dusk and Night Color Palettes
ECDIS
ECDIS allows the mariner to change the color palette that is used to display an ENC.
Three different color tables have been designed to provide the maximum clarity and
contrast between features on the display under three different lighting conditions on the
bridge, namely Day, Dusk and Night.
Each symbol is rendered in a different color appropriate for the lighting condition that
the color table is meant for. This design provides maximum contrast for the display on
a sunny day, as well as preserving night vision on a dimly lit bridge in the evening. This
allows the mariner to look back and forth between the chart on the ECDIS display and
out to sea through the bridge window without the mariners eyes needing to readjust to
a difference in light intensity.
DAY
7KH'D\&RORU7DEOHPHDQWWREHXVHGLQEULJKWVXQOLJKWXVHVDZKLWHEDFN
ground for deep water and looks the most like a traditional paper chart.
7KH 'XVN &RORU 7DEOH XVHV D EODFN EDFNJURXQG IRU GHHS ZDWHU DQG
colors are subdued, but slightly brighter than those used in the Night Color
Table.
7KH1LJKW&RORU7DEOHPHDQWWREHXVHGLQWKHGDUNHVWFRQGLWLRQVXVHVD
black background for deep water and muted color shades for other features.
The images on the right show each of the three color palettes.
DUSK
The symbols shown in the remainder of this document use the day color palette.
NIGHT
9
A
Chart Number, Title, Marginal Notes Schematic Layout of a NOAA Chart (reduced in size)
Note: this is an example only and not to be used for navigation
12
0DJQHWLF)HDWXUHV%
7LGDO'DWD+
1 Chart number in national chart series

Mercator Projection
13 6FDOHDW/DW
Chart number in international (INT)
North American Datum of 1983 2 series (if any)
(World Geodetic System 1984) 3
3 Reference ellipsoid of the chart
4 Publication note (imprint)
5 Copyright note
6 Date of current edition
7 Notice to Mariners corrections
8 Dimensions of inner borders
N
9 Corner coordinates
10 Chart title
Explanatory notes on chart construction,

11
W
etc. To be read before using chart.
12 Seal(s)
Scale of chart. Some charts have scale

13 at a stated latitude.
Unimak Pass
1:15000
13 14 Linear scale on large scale charts
:
Nautical Miles
500
0.1 0
0
Yards
500
Meters
1000
1.0
1500
14
500 0 500 1000 1500
:
1
1
Published at Washington, D.C.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION
NATIONAL OCEAN SERVICE
COAST SURVEY
10
A
Chart Number, Title, Marginal Notes

Linear border scale on large scale
15 charts. On smaller scales use latitude
borders for sea miles.
Cautionary notes (if any). Information

16 on particular features, to be read before
using chart.
Source Diagram (if any). Navigators

17 should be cautious where surveys are
inadequate.
18 Reference to a larger scale chart
Reference to an adjoining chart of

19 similar scale
a Conversion scales
Reference to the units used for depth

b measurement
c Compass rose
d Bar code and stock number
Glossary: Translation of words on chart

e
that are not in English
f ,GHQWLFDWLRQRIDODWWLFHGFKDUWLIDQ\
g Tidal and Tidal Stream information

within the chart coverage
11
B Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass
No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS
Geographical Positions
1 Lat Latitude
2 Long Longitude
International Meridian
3 (Greenwich)
4 Degree(s)
5 Minute(s) of arc
6 Second(s) of arc
Position approximate
Point feature or area of

Position approximate (not
low accuracy
7 3$ accurately determined or does PA (PA)
QRWUHPDLQ[HG
Sounding of low accuracy

low accuracy
Position doubtful (reported in
8 PD
various positions)
PD (PD)
Sounding of low accuracy
9 N North
10 E East
11 S South
12 W West
13 NE Northeast
14 SE Southeast
15 NW Northwest
16 SW Southwest
12
Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass B
Control Points
20 Triangulation point
21 Observation spot Obs Spot
Position of an elevation
22 Fixed point
or control point
23 Benchmark BM
24 Boundary mark Bdy Mon
St M 32
Distance along waterway, no Canal and distance point
25.1 visible marker 7 with no mark
7
Distance along waterway with Y Bn (46)
25.2 visible marker
Canal and distance point
Note: ECDIS uses a magenta km symbol to represent distance marks. However, the distances shown along waterways on NOAA-produced ENCs are displayed in statute miles.
Symbolized Positions (Examples)

Symbols in plan: position is
30 center of primary symbol ECDIS follows the paper chart convention for the
SRVLWLRQRIV\PEROVH[FHSWIRUVLPSOLHGV\PEROVIRU
6\PEROVLQSUROHSRVLWLRQLVDW buoys and beacons (see Q 1).
31 bottom of symbol
Point symbols: accurate

32 positions
MAST Position of a point feature
Point symbol: approximate ECDIS indicates approximate position only for

33 position
Mast
wrecks, obstructions, islets and shoreline features.
Units Supplementary national symbols: am
40 km Kilometer(s)
41 m Meter(s)
42 dm Decimeter(s)
43 cm Centimeter(s)
44 mm Millimeter(s)
International nautical mile(s)

45 M
(1852m), sea mile(s)
Mi NMi NM
46 Cable(s) (0.1M) cbl
13
47 ft Foot/Feet
48 Fathom(s) fm
49 h Hour(s) hr
50 m min Minute(s) of time
51 s sec Second(s) of time
52 kn Knot(s)
53 t Ton(s), Tonnage (weight)
54 cd Candela(s)
Magnetic Compass Supplementary national symbols: n
60 Variation var VAR Varn Magnetic variation
61 Magnetic mag
62 Bearing brg
63 True T
64 Decreasing
65 Increasing
66 Annual change
67 Deviation dev
Cursor pick site for

magnetic variation at a
point
Note of magnetic variation, in

68.1 position
magnetic variation over
an area
Note of magnetic variation, out

68.2 of position
14
Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass B
No. NOAA / NGA ECDIS
Compass rose, normal pattern (smaller patterns of compass rose may be used)
Magnetic variation (example):

VAR 415W (2011) means magnetic variation was 415W in 2011
ANNUAL DECREASE 8 means annual change is 8E or decreasing 8 annually
For 2012 the magnetic variation is 47W
0 10
350
340 20
30
330
0 40
32 0
30
330
50
31
MAGNE TIC
300
60
60
290
70
70
300
magnetic variation at a
point
4 15'W ( 2011
280
AR
80
)
90
270
90
270
AN
8'
NU SE
100
260
A L DE C R E A
120
110
250
0
24
120
240
15
0
130
23
210
0
180
22
0
0
14
210
150
200
160
190 170
180
Isogonic lines, Isogonals

71 Varn - 3 magnetic variation along
a line
15
Local magnetic anomaly:

Within the enclosed area the Cursor pick site for
82.1 magnetic variation may deviate magnetic anomaly along
from the normal by the value a line or over an area
shown
Local magnetic anomaly:

LOCAL MAGNETIC LOCAL MAGNETIC Cursor pick site for
Local Magnetic Anomaly Where the area affected cannot LOCAL MAGNETIC DISTURBANCE
82.2 (see Note)
DISTURBANCE ANOMALY
(see note) magnetic anomaly at a
EHHDVLO\GHQHGDOHJHQGRQO\ (see note) (see note) point
is shown at the position
Supplementary National Symbols
a Square meter(s) m2
b Cubic meter(s) m3
c Inch(es) in
d Yard(s) yd
e Statute mile(s) St M St Mi
f Microsecond(s) sec s
g Hertz Hz
h Kilohertz kHz
i Megahertz MHz
j Cycles/second cps c/s
k Kilocycle(s) kc
l Megacycle(s) Mc
m Ton(s) (U.S. short ton) (2,000lbs) T
n Degree(s) deg
16
Natural Features C
Coastline Supplementary national symbols: ae
)RUHVKRUH,-
1 Coastline, surveyed Coastline
Coastline or shoreline
2 Coastline, unsurveyed construction of low
accuracy in position
Presence of cliffs
coincident with coastline
is obtained by cursor
high low pick
Sloping ground crest line

distant from coastline,
3 Cliffs, Steep coast
radar or visually
conspicuous
Cliff as an area
Conspicuous hill or
4 Hillocks
mountain top

5 Flat coast
6 Sandy shore Nature of coastline is

obtained by cursor pick
7 Stony shore, Shingly shore

Conspicuous hill or
8 Sandhills, Dunes
mountain top

17
C Natural Features
Relief Supplementary national symbols: eg
3ODQHRIUHIHUHQFHIRUKHLJKWV+
Elevation contour with

Contour lines with values and spot height, contour
10 spot height
109 m
value is obtained by
cursor pick
Position of an elevation
11 Spot heights 119 m
or control point
Approximate contour lines with

12 values and approximate height
Elevation contour with
spot height, contour
109 m value is obtained by
cursor pick
13 Form lines with spot height
Approximate height of top of 135 TT Approximate height of trees is

14 trees (above height datum) obtained by cursor pick
Water Features, Lava
20 River, Stream
River
21 Intermittent river
18
Natural Features C
Rapids
22 Rapids, Waterfalls Waterfall
Waterfall, visually
conspicuous
23 Lakes Lake
24 Salt pans
Continuous pattern for

25 Glacier
an ice area (glacier, etc.)
26 /DYDRZ
Vegetation Supplementary national symbols: it
Line of trees
30 Woods in general Wooded

Wooded area

19
C Natural Features
31 Prominent trees (isolated or in groups)
31.1 Deciduous tree

Tree
31.2 Evergreen (except conifer)
31.3 Conifer
Vegetation, line of trees
31.4 Palm
31.5 Nipa Palm
31.6 Casuarina
Wooded area
31.7 Filao
31.8 Eucalypt
Mangrove with coastline

or shoreline construc
32 Mangrove
tion of low accuracy in
0
position
0
Marsh with coastline or

33 Marsh, Swamp, Reed beds shoreline construction of
low accuracy in position
Chart sounding datum line

a (surveyed)
Uncovers
Approximate sounding datum

b line (inadequately surveyed)
Foreshore; Strand (in general);

c Stones; Shingle; Gravel; Mud; Mud
Sand
Br Br
ea ea
d Breakers along a shore ke
rs
ke
rs
(if extensive)
20
Natural Features C
e Rubble

f Hachures
g Shading
i Deciduous woodland

j Coniferous woodland

k Tree plantation

l &XOWLYDWHGHOGV

m *UDVVHOGV

n 3DGG\ULFHHOGV

o Bushes

p Apparent shoreline Marsh
Vegetation or topographic
q (Feature Area Limit-in general)
r Cypress Cypress
s Grass Grass
t Eelgrass Eelgrass
21
D Cultural Features
Settlements, Buildings
+HLJKWRIREMHFWV(/DQGPDUNV(
1 Urban area Built-up area
Settlement with scattered

2 buildings
Settlement (on medium and

3 small scale charts)
Name Built-up area as a point
4 Village Vil
Conspicuous single
5 Buildings
building
Important building in built-up Conspicuous single

6 area building in built-up area
7 Street name, Road name Street name is obtained by cursor pick
Status of ruins is obtained by cursor

8 Ruin, Ruined landmark Ruins Ru pick
5RDGV5DLOZD\V$LUHOGV Supplementary National Symbols: ac
10 Motorway, highway
Road, track or path as
a line
11 Road (hard surfaced)
Road as an area
Track, Path (loose or
12 unsurfaced)
22
Cultural Features D
13 Railway, with station Railway, with station
14 Cutting Cutting
Embankment
15 Embankment
Embankment, visually or
radar conspicuous
Tunnel
16 Tunnel
Tunnel with depth below
the seabed encoded
Airport as a point
Runway as a line
17 $LUSRUW$LUHOG Airport
Airport area, with runway

area and visually con
spicuous runway area
Other Cultural Features Supplementary National Symbols: di

clr 20.0 Vertical clearance
VERT CL 6 M
Vertical clearance above high clr cl 20.0 Closed clearance
20 water 6 clr op 20.0 Open clearance
FIXED BRIDGE sf clr 20.0 Safe clearance
HOR CL 25 FT
VERT CL 20 FT
HOR CL 8 M Horizontal clearance is obtained by
21 Horizontal clearance
cursor pick
8
clr 20.0
Fixed bridge with vertical
22 clearance
clr 20.0 Bridge
23
D Cultural Features
Opening bridge (in general) with

23.1 vertical clearance
clr cl 8.2
clr op 20.0
Swing bridge with vertical
23.2 clearance
clr cl 8.2 Opening bridge
clr op 20.0
Lifting bridge with vertical
23.3 clearance (closed and open)
Bascule bridge with vertical

23.4 clearance
clr 20.0
23.5 Pontoon bridge clr 20.0 Bridge
clr cl 8.2
clr op 20.0
Draw bridge with vertical clr cl 8.2

23.6 clearance
Opening bridge
clr op 20.0
clr 20.0
Transporter bridge with vertical
24 FOHDUDQFHEHORZ[HGVWUXFWXUH
clr 20.0 Bridge
clr 20.0
Aerial cableway
Overhead transporter, Aerial

25 cableway with vertical clearance
clr 20.0
Aerial cableway, radar
conspicuous
OVERHEAD POWER CABLE sf clr 20.0

AUTHORIZED CL 140 FT Transmission line
Overhead power cable with
pylons and safe vertical
26 clearance sf clr 20.0
Transmission line, radar
TOWER TOWER conspicuous
1RWH7KHVDIHYHUWLFDOFOHDUDQFHDERYHWKHKHLJKWGDWXPDVGHQHGE\WKHUHVSRQVLEOHDXWKRULW\LVJLYHQLQPDJHQWDZKHUHNQRZQRWKHUZLVHWKHSK\VLFDOYHUWLFDOFOHDUDQFHLVVKRZQLQEODFNDVLQ'DOVRVHH
diagram at H 20).
24
Cultural Features D
clr 20.0
Overhead cable
Overhead cable, Telephone Tel
27 line, Telegraph line with vertical
clearance clr 20.0
Overhead cable, radar
conspicuous
clr 20.0
Overhead pipeline
Overhead pipe with vertical OVHD PIPE
28 clearance
VERT CL 6FT
clr 20.0
Overhead pipeline, radar
conspicuous
Oil, gas pipeline,

29 Pipeline on land submerged or on land
a Highway markers
Same grade
Railway (Ry)
b (single or double track) Ry above
Railroad (RR)
Ry below
c Abandoned railroad
d Bridge under construction
e Footbridge
Viaduct
f Viaduct
g Fence
h Power transmission line
i Approximate vertical clearance

abt 21
25
Conspicuous and Non-Conspicuous Features
ECDIS
There are 25 features for which ECDIS displays either a black symbol, if the feature
Silo
is visually conspicuous, or a brown symbol if is not. Only conspicuous landmarks
are depicted on NOAA paper charts and ENCs. Therefore, only the conspicuous Single building
symbol versions are shown in the symbol tables of U.S. Chart No. 1. Both versions
of the symbols for these features are shown on this page. Tank
Cairn
Tank farm
Chimney
Tower
Dish aerial
Water tower
Dome
Windmill
Flare stack
Windmotor
)RUWLHGVWUXFWXUH
Wind generator farm

Hill or mountain top
The seven symbols shown below represent features that only have a brown sym
Mast bol. There is no corresponding black, conspicuous symbol. The brown symbol is
displayed regardless of the conspicuousness of the feature.
Monument
Cranes
Mosque or minaret
)ODJVWDIIDJSROH
Position of a point feature

Mangrove
Radar scanner
Mine, quarry
Radio, television tower

Quarry
5HQHU\ Timber yard
Religious building, Christian Tree
Religious building, non-Christian
26
Landmarks E
3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU+HLJKW+/LJKWKRXVHV3%HDFRQV4
General
Non-conspicuous point
feature
Non-conspicuous
1 Examples of landmarks TANK Tr MONUMENT
building
Non-conspicuous
water tower
Examples of conspicuous Conspicuous point

landmarks (On NOAA charts, feature
EMPIRE STATE
a large circle with dot and SPIRE
BUILDING
2 capitals indicates that position Conspicuous building
is accurate; a small circle with
RADAR MAST CHIMNEY
lowercase indicates that position Conspicuous water
is approximate.) tower
The information
symbol is displayed if a
Pictorial sketches (in true
3.1 position)
supplemental image is
available, which may be
accessed by cursor pick
Pictorial sketches (out of

3.2 position)
Height of top of a structure

4 above height datum
(30)
Height is obtained by cursor pick
Height of structure above ground
5 level
(30)
Landmarks
Church as a point
10.1 Church Ch
Church as an area
10.2 Church tower
Church tower, spire, or

10.3 Church spire SPIRE Spire
dome
10.4 Church cupola CUPOLA Cup
11 Chapel Ch Chapel
27
E Landmarks
Position of a point
12 Cross, Calvary
feature
13 Temple
14 Pagoda
Religious building,
non-Christian
15 Shinto shrine, Joss house
16 Buddhist temple or shrine
17 Mosque, Minaret
Mosque or minaret
18 Marabout
Landmark area, type is

19 Cemetery Cem
TOWER
20 Tower Tr Tower
Tr
STANDPIPE WTR TR
Water tower, Water tank on a
21 tower
Water tower
Spipe Wtr Tr
CHIMNEY
CHY
22 Chimney (208) (202) Chimney
Chy
Flare
23 Flare stack (on land) FLARE Flare stack
Monument (including column,

24 pillar, obelisk, statue)
MONUMENT Mon Monument
25.1 Windmill WINDMILL Windmill

Windmill, status of ruins
pick
25.2 Windmill (without sails)
26.1
Wind turbine, Windmotor WINDMOTOR Windmotor Wind motor
26.2 Wind farm WIND FARM Wind Farm Wind generator farm
FS FS
27 Flagstaff, Flagpole )ODJVWDIIDJSROH
FP FP
28
Landmarks E
R MAST R Mast
28 Radio mast, Television mast Mast
TV MAST TV Mast
R TR R Tr
29 Radio tower, Television tower Radio, television tower
TV TR TV Tr
30.1 Radar mast RADAR MAST Radar Mast Mast
30.2 Radar tower RADAR TR Radar Tr Radar tower
30.3 Radar scanner Radar scanner
DOME (RADAR) RADOME

30.4 Radome Dome
Dome (Radar) Radome
ANT (RADAR)
31 Dish aerial Dish aerial
Ant (Radar)
Tank
32 Tanks TANK Tk
Tank farm
SILO Silo
33 Silo Silo
ELEVATOR Elevator
)RUWLHGVWUXFWXUHRQODUJHVFDOH
34.1 charts)
)RUWLHGVWUXFWXUH
Castle, Fort, Blockhouse (on

34.2 small scale charts)
)RUWLHGVWUXFWXUH
Battery, Small fort (on small
34.3 scale charts)
35.1 Quarry (on large scale charts) Quarry area
35.2 Quarry (on small scale charts) Quarry
36 Mine
29
E Landmarks
37.1 Recreational vehicle site
Camping site (including

37.2 recreational vehicles)
a Muslim shrine
b Tomb
c Watermill
d Factory Facty
e Well Well
f School Sch Sch
g Hospital Hosp
h University Univ Univ
i Gable GAB Gab
Telegraph Tel
k 7HOHJUDSKRIFH Tel Off
l Magazine Magz
m Government house Govt Ho
n Institute Inst
o Courthouse Ct Ho
p Pavilion Pav
q Telephone T
r Limited Ltd
s Apartment Apt
t Capitol Cap
u Company Co
v Corporation Corp
30
Ports F
Protective Structures Supplementary national symbols: ac
Dike as a line
Dike as a line,
1 Dike, Levee, Berm
conspicuous
Dike as an area
2.1 Seawall (on large scale charts)
Seawall
2.2 Seawall (on small scale charts)
Causeway as a line
Causeway, covers and

uncovers as a line
Cswy
3 Causeway
Causeway as an area
Causeway, covers and

uncovers as an area
Bkw
Breakwater as a line
4.1 Breakwater (in general)
Breakwater (loose boulders,

4.2 tetrapods, etc.)
Breakwater as an area
Breakwater (slope of concrete or

4.3 masonry)
Training wall (partly submerged

5 at high water)
Training wall
31
F Ports
6.1 Groin (always dry) Groin Groin (always dry)
6.2 Groin (intertidal) Groin Groin (intertidal)
6.3 Groin (always under water) Groin Groin (submerged)
Harbor Installations
'HSWKV,$QFKRUDJHV/LPLWV1%HDFRQVDQGRWKHU[HGPDUNV40DULQD8
10 Fishing harbor Fishing harbor
11.1 Boat harbor, Marina Yacht harbor, marina
11.2 Yacht berths without facilities
11.3 Yacht club, Sailing club
Mole as a line
12 Mole (with berthing facility)
Mole as an area
13 Quay, Wharf Whf Wharf (quay)
14 Pier, Jetty Pier

Pier (jetty),
promenade pier
15 Promenade pier
Pontoon as a line
16 Pontoon
Pontoon as an area
17 Landing for boats Ldg Lndg Landing
32
Ports F
Steps
18 Steps, Landing stairs Landing steps
19.1 Designation of berth 3 A 3 Berth number

Nr 3
19.2 Visitors berth Yacht harbor, marina
Dn
Dol
20 Dolphin Mooring dolphin
Dol (Great Lakes)
Dol
Deviation mooring
21 Deviation dolphin dolphin
Pile
22 Minor post or pile
Pile (Great Lakes)
Pile or bollard

23 Slipway, Patent slip, Ramp Slipway, ramp
0
24 Gridiron, Scrubbing grid Gridiron
25 Dry dock, Graving dock Dry dock
Floating dock as a line

26 Floating dock
Floating dock as an area
27 Non-tidal basin, Wet dock Wet dock and gate
Dock
28 Tidal basin, Tidal harbor
Dock, under construction

or ruined
33
F Ports
Floating hazard
Boom
Floating barrier, e.g. oil barrier, Floating oil barrier, oil
29.1 B ar rie r
F lo at in g security barrier retention (high pressure
pipe)
%RRPRDWLQJ
obstruction
Floating oil barrier, oil

Oil retention barrier (high Floating Barrier
29.2 pressure pipe)
retention (high pressure
pipe)
30 2011
Works on land, with year date
r
Ruin or works under
Works at sea, Area under Under nst construction
31 construction de r co
2011 reclamation, with year date (2011) Un
Year and condition of

Under constr under construction or
2011 Works under construction, with (2011)
32 2011 year date
ruin is obtained by cursor
pick
Ruins
33.1 Ruin
Ruined pier, partly submerged at Pier Pier, ruined and partly

33.2 high water submerged
0
34 Hulk Hk Hk Hulk
34
Ports F
Canals, Barrages Supplementary national symbol: d
&OHDUDQFHV'6LJQDO6WDWLRQV7&XOWXUDO)HDWXUHV%
Canal
40 Canal Canal
Ditch
St
a Lock gate as a line
2
ck
de
Ti
Lo
1
41.1 Lock (on large scale charts)
a
ck
St
er
Lo
nt
e
Tid
Ce
l
ro
Lock gate as an area
nt
Co
Canal Lock
41.2 Lock (on small scale charts) Navigable lock gate

Ditch Sluice
(Tidegate, Floodgate)
Non-navigable lock gate
42 Caisson, Gate Caisson as a line
Caisson as an area
Non-navigable lock gate
43 Flood barrage Flood barrage as a line
Flood barrage as an
area
Dam as a line
'DP:HLUGLUHFWLRQRIRZ
44 shown is left to right)
Dam as an area
35
F Ports
Transhipment Facilities Supplementary national symbols: ef
5RDGV'5DLOZD\V'7DQNV(
Roll-on, Roll-off (RoRo), Ferry

50 Terminal
RoRo terminal
Conspicuous single
Transit shed, Warehouse (with
51 designation)
building, designation is
Timber yard as a point
52 Timber yard

Timber yard as an area
Lifting capacity is
Crane with lifting capacity,

53.1 Traveling crane (on railway)
Crane as a point
Crane as an area
ne
Cra
Crane
Container crane (with lifting
53.2 capacity)
Crane, visually
conspicuous as an area
53.3 Sheerlegs (conspicuous)
Public Buildings Supplementary national symbol: g
Conspicuous single
60 +DUERUPDVWHUVRIFH Hbr Mr
building
Conspicuous single
building
61 &XVWRPRIFH Cus Ho
Customs
+HDOWKRIFH4XDUDQWLQH
62.1 building
Health Office
Conspicuous single
62.2 Hospital Hosp
building
63 3RVWRIFH PO
36
Ports F
a Jetty (partly below MHW)
Subm Jetty
b Submerged jetty
Submerged Jetty
c Jetty (on small scale charts)
d Pump-out facilities P
e 4XDUDQWLQHRIFH

Quar
M
oo
rin
f Mooring Canal 1
g
Ca
na
l
g Conveyor
Conveyor
37
H Tides, Currents
Terms Relating to Tidal Levels
INT Terms Supplementary National Terms (see lt for other terms and symbols)
No. Term Description No. Term Description
1 CD Chart Datum, Datum for sounding reduction a HW High Water
2 LAT Lowest Astronomical Tide b HHW Higher High Water
3 HAT Highest Astronomical Tide c LW Low Water
4 MLW Mean Low Water d LWD Low Water Datum
5 MHW Mean High Water e LLW Lower Low Water
6 MSL Mean Sea Level f MTL Mean Tide Level
7 Height datum, Land survey datum g ISLW Indian Spring Low Water
High Water Full and Change (Vulgar establishment of

8 MLWS Mean Low Water Springs h HWF&C
the port)
9 MHWS Mean High Water Springs i LWF&C Low Water Full and Change
10 MLWN Mean Low Water Neaps j CRD Columbia River Datum
11 MHWN Mean High Water Neaps k GCLWD Gulf Coast Low Water Datum
12 MLLW Mean Lower Low Water
13 MHHW Mean Higher High Water
14 MHLW Mean Higher Low Water
15 MLHW Mean Lower High Water
16 Sp Spring tide
17 Np Neap tide
38
Tides, Currents H
No.
Tidal Levels and Charted Data

7LGH*DXJH7
Planes of reference are not exactly as shown below for all charts.
They are usually defined in notes under chart titles. Spot height 128
Overhead power
cable
100
Safe vertical clearance Elevation of light source

(magenta) Topographic
Charted vertical Charted vertical contours
clearance clearance
MHHW
(7)
Islet height
Charted HW (coast) line
MHW
20 MSL
Sea surface at any time

Height of tide Observed depth (12)
Drying height
MLW
Charted LW (drying) line

MLLW (Chart datum)
Charted depth
(sounding)
Notes:
1) The numbers and (12), shown above, are examples of how spot heights, topographic contour labels, islet heights and drying heights appear on NOAA paper charts. The numbers are enclosed in
(parentheses) if the value is offset into the water to more clearly show the islet or rock.
2) On NOAA charts, except for lake charts, the HW (coast) line is equal to the MHW line.
Tide Tables
No. INT Description NOAA
7,'$/,1)250$7,21
3/$&( +HLJKWUHIHUUHGWRGDWXPRIVRXQGLQJV0//:
0HDQ+LJKHU 0HDQ 0HDQ

Tabular statement of 1$0( /$7/21*
High Water High Water /RZ:DWHU
semi-diurnal or diurnal tides
feet feet feet
%DOWLPRUH)W0F+HQU\
1
: 1.7 1.4 0.2
30 Note: The order of the
columns of levels will be Annapolis, U.S. Naval Academy
1
: 1.4 1.2 0.2
the same as that used
in national tables of tidal :DVKLQJWRQ'&:DVKLQJWRQ&KDQQHO
1
: 3.2 2.9 0.1
predictions. 'DVKHVORFDWHGLQGDWXPFROXPQVLQGLFDWHXQDYDLODEOHGDWXPYDOXHVIRUDWLGHVWDWLRQ5HDOWLPHZDWHU
levels, tide predictions, and tidal current predictions are available on the Internet from
KWWSWLGHVDQGFXUUHQWVQRDDJRY
1RY
39
H Tides, Currents
No. ECDIS
Point or area for which

a tidal stream table is
available
31 Tidal stream table
Boundary of an area
for which there is tidal
information
Tidal Streams and Currents Supplementary national symbols: mt
%UHDNHUV.7LGH*DXJH7
2.5 kn Flood stream, rate at

spring tides
Current or tidal stream

whose direction is not
3.0 kn
known
40 Flood tide stream with rate
Boundary of an area
information
Ebb stream, rate at

2.5 kn
spring tides
Current or tidal stream

whose direction is not
known
41 2.8 kn Ebb tide stream
Boundary of an area
information
40
Tides, Currents H
42 Current in restricted waters

2.5 kn Non-tidal current
Ocean current with rates and
43 seasons (see Note)
Tide rips
44 Overfalls, tide rips, races
symbol used only in small areas

Overfalls, tide rips;
eddies; breakers as
point, line, and area
Eddies
45 Eddies
symbol used only in small areas
Position of tabulated tidal stream Point for which a tidal

46 data with designation stream table is available
Offshore position for which tidal

47 levels are tabulated
Supplementary National Symbols (Supplementary national terms relating to tidal levels are listed after H 17)
l Stream Str
m Current, general, with rate 2 kn
n Velocity, Rate vel
o Knots kn
p Height ht
q Flood
r New moon
s Full moon
10 11 0
9 1
t Current diagram 8 2
7 3
6 5 4
u Gulf Stream Limits Approximate location of Axis of Gulf Stream
41
I Depths
General
Sounding of low
1 ED Existence doubtful accuracy
Sounding of low
accuracy
Underwater hazard with

2 SD Sounding of doubtful depth depth greater than 20
meters
Isolated danger of depth

contour
Sounding of low
accuracy
3.1 Rep 5HSRUWHGEXWQRWFRQUPHG

low accuracy
Low accuracy line

demarking area wreck or
Reported (with year of report), obstruction
3.2 5HS
EXWQRWFRQUPHG
Low accuracy line
demarking foul area
Obstruction, depth not

stated
Sounding of low
accuracy

depth of 20 meters or
less
5HSRUWHGEXWQRWFRQUPHG
4 sounding or danger (on Underwater hazard with
small scale charts only) depth greater than 20
meters

contour

low accuracy
42
Depths I
Soundings Supplementary national symbols: ac
3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKV+3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU+HLJKWV+
Sounding shoaler than or

Sounding in true position (NOAA equal to safety depth
shows fathoms and feet with 3
10 vertical numbers and meters with
6 3
4 6 4
sloping numbers) Sounding deeper than

safety depth
(23)
11 Sounding out of position
3375
Depths are always shown in their true position in
ECDIS
12 Least depth in narrow channel (47 )
Status of no bottom
13 No bottom found at depth shown found is obtained by
cursor pick
Soundings which are unreliable

or taken from a smaller scale
source (NOAA shows unreliable Sounding of low
14 soundings in fathoms and feet accuracy
with sloping numbers and in
meters with vertical numbers)
Drying heights and contours Drying height, less than

15 above chart datum
6
or equal to safety depth
Natural watercourse (in intertidal

16 area), tidal gully, tideway
Tideway
43
I Depths
Depths in Fairways and Areas Supplementary national symbols: a, b
3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKV+
20 Limit of dredged area
Dredged channel or area with

21 depth of dredging in meters and
decimeters Dredged area
30 FEET APR 2011 Depth, date of latest

Dredged channel or area with survey and other
22 depth and year of the latest information is obtained
control survey by cursor pick
30 FEET
APR 2011
Dredged channel or area with

23 maintained depth
3 29
23
Area swept by wire drag. The
depth is shown at chart datum. 8 22
76
24 (The latest date of sweeping is swept to 9.6
Swept area
30 (1930)
shown in parentheses.) 18
7
21
0 Unsurveyed 10
(see note)
10 Incompletely surveyed
area
Depths
(see ZOC diagram)
Unsurveyed or inadequately Unsurveyed
25 surveyed area; area with
inadequate depth information 11
13
Inadequately surveyed 12
(see note)
10 17
13 Unsurveyed area
Unsurveyed rky
22
20
44
ECDIS Portrayal of Depths
ECDIS
ECDIS depth related symbols closely resemble their paper chart counterparts; however,
ECDIS provides valuable additional information to mariners that paper charts cannot.
Soundings
ECDIS enables mariners to set their own-ship safety depth. If no depth is set, ECDIS sets
the value to 30m. Soundings equal to or shoaler than the safety depth are shown in black;
deeper soundings are displayed in a less conspicuous gray. Fractional values are shown
with subscript numbers of the same size.
Depth Contours & Depth Areas

Depth contours in ECDIS are portrayed with a thin gray line. Each pair of adjacent depth
contours is used to create depth area features. These are used by ECDIS to tint different
depth levels and to initiate alarms when a ship is headed into unsafe water.
Portrayal of Depth Areas with 2 Color Settings
Depth Contour Labels
ECDIS depth contour labels are not centered and oriented along iso 6RPH(&',6HQDEOHPDULQHUVWRGHQHWZRDGGLWLRQDOGHSWKDUHDVIRUPHGLXP
lines as they appear on paper charts. They are displayed upright and deep water and medium-shallow water by setting a deep contour value and
may appear either on or next to the contour lines that they describe. a shallow contour value. If this option is used, the safety contour is displayed
The labels are black and the same size as soundings, but the labels between the medium deep and medium shallow contours.
have a light halo to set them apart. The graphic to the left shows depth
labels and soundings both deeper and shoaler than the safety depth.
Note that depths on NOAA paper charts and ENCs are usually com
piled in fathoms and feet. Because ECDIS displays depths in meters,
soundings and contour lines often show fractional meter values. The
own-ship safety contour (described below) is always displayed, but
mariners may choose to have all other depth contours turned off.
Safety Contour
ECDIS uses a safety contour value to show an extra thick line for the depth contour that
separates safe water from shoaler areas. If the mariner does not set an own-ship safety
contour value, ECDIS sets the value to 30m. If the ENC being displayed does not have a
contour line equal to the safety contour depth value set by the mariner, then ECDIS sets
the next deeper contour as the safety contour. Depending on the contour intervals used on
individual ENCs, ECDIS may set different safety contours as a ship transits from one ENC
to another. ECDIS will initiate an alarm if the ships future track will cross the safety contour Portrayal of Depth Areas with 4 Color Setting
ZLWKLQDVSHFLHGWLPHVHWE\WKHPDULQHU
Two or Four Tints for Shading Depth Areas

ECDIS tints all depth areas beyond the (green tinted) foreshore in either one of two or Some ECDIS also provide the mariner with the option of
one of four shades of blue. This is similar to the convention used for paper charts, but displaying a cross-hatch shallow water pattern over all
the depths used to change from one tint to another are based on the safety contour and depth areas shoaler than the safety contour.
thus customized for each ship. If the mariner chooses two shades to be displayed, water
deeper than the safety contour is shown in an off-white color, water shoaler than the safety
contour is tinted blue.
45
I Depths
Depth Contours
Drying contour Two Shades Four Shades
Low water line

foreshore foreshore
Blue tint, in one or more shades,

or tint ribbons are shown to
different limits according to the
scale and purpose of the chart very
and the nature of the bathymetry. shallow
depth
shallow water
On some charts, contours and shallow contour
values are printed in blue. depth
medium
shallow
depth
30 safety contour
medium
deep
depth
deep water
contour
deep
depth
all deeper contours deep

depth
Approximate depth
20 contour
31 Approximate depth contours 50
Approximate safety
depth contour
a Swept channel 6
89
Swept area, not adequately
b sounded (shown by purple or 15 102
green tint) 119
10
2ft
c Stream 5
6
46
Nature of the Seabed J
Types of Seabed Supplementary national abbreviations: aag
5RFNV.
1 S Sand S Sand
2 M Mud M Mud
3 Cy Clay Cy Clay
4 Si Silt Si Silt
5 St Stones St Stones
6 G Gravel G Gravel
7 P Pebbles P Pebbles
8 &E Cobbles Cb Cobbles
9.1 R Rock; Rocky Rk; rky R Rock
9.2 Bo Boulder(s) Blds R Boulder
R Lava
10 Co Coral, Coralline algae Co Coral
11 Sh Shells (skeletal remains) Sh Shells
12.1 S/M Two layers, e.g. sand over mud
fS M Sh The main constituent is given

12.2 UVWIRUPL[WXUHVHJQHVDQG f S M Sh
fS.M.Sh with mud and shells
13.1 Wd Weed (including kelp) Weed, kelp
13.2 Kelp, Weed Kelp Weed, kelp as an area
47
Sand waves as a point
Sand waves as a line
14 Sandwaves Sandwaves
Sand waves as an area
15 Spring in seabed Spring Spring
Types of Seabed, Intertidal Areas
gravel Areas of gravel and

20 Area with stones and gravel
stone stone
Rocky area, which covers and

21 uncovers
Rocky ledges or coral
reef
Coral reef, which covers and
22 uncovers
Qualifying Terms Supplementary national symbols: ahbf
30 f Fine
only used in
31 m Medium relation to
sand
32 c Coarse
33 EN Broken
34 sy Sticky
35 so Soft
36 sf Stiff
37 Y Volcanic YRO
Rocky ledges or coral

38 ca Calcareous Ca
reef
39 h Hard
48
Nature of the Seabed J
Supplementary National Abbreviations

a Ground Grd
b Ooze Oz
c Marl Ml
d Shingle Sn
f Chalk Ck
g Quartz Qz
h Schist Sch
i Coral head Co Hd
j Madrepores Mds
k Volcanic ash 9RO$VK
l Lava La
m Pumice Pm
n Tufa 7
o Scoriae Sc
p Cinders Cn
q Manganese Mn
r Oysters Oys
s Mussels Ms
t Sponge Spg
u Kelp K
v Grass Grs
w Sea-tangle Stg
x Spicules Spi
y Foraminifera Fr
z Globigerina Gl
aa Diatoms Di
ab Radiolaria Rd
ac Pteropods Pt
ad Polyzoa Po
ae Cirripedia Cir
af Fucus Fu
49
ag Mattes Ma
ah Small sml
ai Large lrg
aj Rotten rt
ak Streaky str
al Speckled spk
am Gritty gty
an Decayed dec
ao Flinty \
ap Glacial glac
aq Tenacious ten
ar White wh
as Black EOEN
at Violet YL
au Blue EX
av Green gn
aw Yellow yl
ax Orange or
ay Red rd
az Brown EU
ba Chocolate ch
bb Gray gy
bc Light lt
bd Dark dk
be Varied YDUG
bf Uneven XQHY
50
Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions, Aquaculture K
General
stated
Obstruction which covers
and uncovers
Danger line: A danger line draws
attention to a danger which
would not stand out clearly
less
enough if represented solely by
1 its symbol (e.g. isolated rock) Isolated danger of depth
or delimits an area containing less than the safety
numerous dangers, through contour
which it is unsafe to navigate
Foul area, not safe for

navigation
46 Obstn Swept sounding, less

21 Rk 35 Rk
than or equal to safety
2 Swept by wire drag or diver (157) depth
46 Wk 46 Wk Swept sounding, greater
(1937) than safety depth
Depth unknown, but estimated
46 Wk 46 Obstn ECDIS displays safe clearance depths in the same
3 to have a safe clearance to the 35 Rk manner as known depths.
depth shown
Rocks
3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU+HLJKWV+3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKV+
Land as a point at small
scale
Rock (islet) which does not 25
10 cover, height above height datum (21) (4 m)
Land as an area, with an
8m
elevation or control point
Rock which covers and

low water
(06) Underwater hazard
Rock which covers and uncov Uncov 1m which covers and uncov
11 ers, height above chart datum ( 2)
( 2) 4
(06) ers with drying height
Uncov 1m Isolated danger of depth
contour
Rock which covers and
low water
Rock awash at the level of chart Underwater hazard

12 datum which covers and
uncovers
contour
51
Dangerous underwater
Underwater rock of unknown rock of uncertain depth
13 depth, dangerous to surface
navigation Isolated danger of depth
contour

Underwater rock of known depth; 27 Rk a depth of 20 meters
or less
14.1 inside the corresponding depth 12 Rk 21
area R
depth greater than 20
meters
Underwater rock of known depth; 42 Rk
outside the corresponding depth
14.2 area, dangerous to surface
5 Rk Isolated danger of depth
5 less than the safety
navigation R contour

a depth of 20 meters
Underwater rock of known or less
35
15 depth, not dangerous to surface 35Rk R.
navigation Underwater hazard with
meters
Dangerous underwater
rock of uncertain depth
stated
contour
Coral reef which is always Co Safe clearance shoaler

16 covered Reef line than safety contour
31
128 Safe clearance deeper

than safety contour

than 20 meters
Br
eak
er s Overfalls, tide rips;
West Breaker
17 Breakers Br PA
eddies; breakwaters as
point, line, and area
52
Wrecks and Fouls

3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKV+
Mast (1.2) Wreck, always dry, with

Wreck, hull never covers, on
20 large scale charts
Hk Hk 1.2 m
height shown
Wk
Wreck, covers and

Wk uncovers
Mast (12 ) Wk
Wreck, covers and uncovers, on
21 large scale charts
Hk
Wk Wk
Wk Distributed remains of
wreck
Submerged wreck with

less
Submerged wreck with

52 65 Submerged wreck, depth known, 9 depth greater than 20
22 on large scale charts meters
Wk
Distributed remains of
wreck
Wk Submerged wreck with

Submerged wreck, depth depth less than the
23 unknown, on large scale charts
Hk Wk
safety contour or depth
Wk unknown
Wk
Wreck showing any portion of Wk
24 hull or superstructure at level of Wreck showing any
chart datum Wk portion of hull or
Wk superstructure at level of
chart datum
Wreck of which the mast(s) only Mast (10ft)
25 are visible at chart datum
Masts Funnel

less
Wreck, least depth known by 512 Wk
26 sounding only
(11) depth greater than 20
meters
contour
53
Swept sounding for

underwater hazard less
than safety depth
Swept sounding for
Wreck, least depth known, swept underwater hazard
27 by wire drag or diver
25
greater than or equal to
safety depth
contour
Dangerous wreck, depth
unknown
Dangerous wreck, depth
28 unknown Isolated danger of depth
contour
Sunken wreck, not dangerous to Non-dangerous wreck,
29 surface navigation depth unknown
safe clearance of 20
meters or less
Wreck, least depth unknown, but Underwater hazard with
30 considered to have a safe 4 safe clearance greater
clearance to the depth shown than 20 meters
contour
Foul area of seabed safe
for navigation but not for
anchoring
31.1 (25)
Foul ground, not dangerous to

surface navigation, but to be Foul ground
avoided by vessels anchoring,
trawling, etc. (e.g. remains of
wreck, cleared platform)
31.2 Distributed remains of
wreck
Obstructions and Aquaculture

3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKV+.HOS6HDZHHG-8QGHUZDWHU,QVWDOODWLRQV/

stated
40 Obstruction, depth unknown contour
Safe clearance shoaler

than safety contour
54

less
Obstruction, least depth known
41 by sounding only
meters
contour
Less than or equal to

safety depth
swept
depth
Greater than safety

depth
Method of depth measurement is

Obstruction, least depth known,
42 swept by wire drag or diver known Underwater hazard with
by depth of 20 meters or
diver less
or
other Underwater hazard with
means depth greater than 20
meters

contour
Stumps of posts or piles, wholly stated
43.1 submerged Subm Piles
piles
Subm piles Well less
Submerged pile, stake, snag, or Isolated danger of depth
43.2 stump (with exact position)
Stakes Deadhead
Snags Stump
contour
Fish stakes as a point
Fsh
44.1 Fishing stakes stks
Fish stakes as an area
)LVKWUDSVKZHLU
44.2 Fish trap, Fish weir, Tunny nets Fish trap
tunny net as a point
)LVKWUDSVKZHLUWXQQ\
45 Fish trap area, Tunny nets area
net as an area
55

contour
Obstn
(actual
46.1 Fish haven Fish Haven
shape)
than safety contour

less

meters

Obstn
contour
46.2 Fish haven with minimum depth Fish Haven
(auth min 42ft)

than safety contour

than safety contour

than 20 meters
47 6KHOOVKEHGV Oys
Marine farm as a point
Marine farm (on large scale

48.1 charts)
Marine Farm
Obstn Marine farm as an area

(Marine Farm)
Marine farm (on small scale
48.2 charts) Marine Farm
56

a Rock awash (height unknown)
Shoal sounding on isolated rock Rks

b 5 Rk 21
or rocks
Sunken wreck covered 20 to

c 30 meters
d Submarine volcano Sub vol
e Discolored water Discol water
Sunken danger with depth 21 Rk 46 35 Rk 46 Obstn

f cleared (swept) by wire drag
g Reef of unknown extent Reef
Coral reef, detached (uncovers

h at sounding datum) Co
Subm
i Submerged crib Crib
Crib
j Crib, duck blind (above water) Duck Blind Crib
k Submerged duck blind Duck Blind
Subm
l Submerged platform platform Platform
Coral reef which covers and

m uncovers
n Sinkers
Foul
Foul area, foul with rocks or
o wreckage, dangerous to Wks
navigation
Wreckage
Unexploded
p Unexploded ordnance Ordnance
q Float Float
Stumps of posts or piles, which

r cover and uncover
Subm
piles
57
General
$UHDV/LPLWV1
Well
348
Well 346 Area to be navigated
CORRIB
1 Ekofisk Oilfield 1DPHRIRLOHOGRUJDVHOG GAS FIELD
with caution, name is
Well 334 334 Well
Offshore platform, name

2 Platform with designation/name
Name
pick
Area where entry is

Limit of safety zone around prohibited or restricted or
3 offshore installation to be avoided, with other
cautions
Cautionary area,
4 Limit of development area
navigate with caution
:LQGWXUELQHRDWLQJZLQG
Fl.Y Wind motor visually
5.1 turbine, vertical clearance under
conspicuous
blade
Offshore wind farm
5.2 Wind farm (offshore)
2IIVKRUHZLQGIDUPRDWLQJ
6 Wave farm Wave farm
Platforms and Moorings

0RRULQJ%XR\V4
Production platform, Platform,

10 Oil derrick
Offshore platform
&RQVSLFXRXVDUHVWDFN
11 Flare stack (at sea)
on offshore platform
58
Offshore Installations L
Single Point Mooring (SPM),

12 including Single Anchor Leg
Mooring (SALM), Articulated Name
Loading Column (ALC)
Observation/research platform
13 (with name)
Name Name
Name Offshore platform, name
and status of disused is
Disused platform with obtained by cursor pick
14 Ru Z-44 superstructure removed
(disused)
(ru)
Artificial Island Name

15 $UWLFLDOLVODQG
(Mukluk)
Single Buoy Mooring (SBM), Oil Installation buoy and

or gas installation buoy including PRRULQJEXR\VLPSOLHG
16 Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring Installation buoy, paper
(CALM) chart
Tanker
17 Moored storage tanker Offshore platform
18 Mooring ground tackle Ground tackle
Underwater Installations Supplementary national symbol: a
3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKV+2EVWUXFWLRQV.

Well less
15 Prod Well
(cov 21ft) Underwater hazard with
20 Submerged production well Well Well depth greater than 20
(cov 83ft) Prod Well meters
contour
Suspended well, depth over
21.1 wellhead unknown
Pipe less than the safety
contour
less
Pipe
(cov 24ft) Underwater hazard with
Suspended well, with depth over
21.2 wellhead
Pipe meters
(cov 92ft)
contour
Wellhead with height above the Well
21.3 VHDRRU (5.7) less than the safety
contour
59
Foul area of seabed safe

22 Site of cleared platform for navigation but not for
anchoring
Pipe Pipe Obstruction in the water

Above-water wellhead (lit or
23 (1 8 ) unlit)
Pipe (24) which is always above
water level
24 Underwater turbine
Underwater turbine or
subsurface ODAS
Subsurface Ocean(ographic)
25 ODAS
Data Acquisition System (ODAS)
Submarine Cables
30.1 Submarine cable

Submarine cable
30.2 Submarine cable area

Cable Area
31.1 Submarine power cable

Submarine cable area
31.2 Submarine power cable area
Status of disused is
32 Disused submarine cable
Submarine Pipelines
6XSSO\SLSHOLQHXQVSHFLHGRLO Oil, gas pipeline,

40.1 gas, chemicals, water submerged or on land
Submarine pipeline area

Supply pipeline area: unspeci
40.2 HGRLOJDVFKHPLFDOVZDWHU
Pipeline Area with potentially
dangerous contents
60
Offshore Installations L
2XWIDOODQGLQWDNHXQVSHFLHG Water pipeline, sewer,

41.1 water, sewer, outfall, intake etc.
Pipeline Area Submarine pipeline area

Outfall and intake area: unspeci
41.2 HGZDWHUVHZHURXWIDOOLQWDNH
with generally
non-dangerous contents
Nominal depth of buried

Buried pipeline/pipe (with
42.1 nominal depth to which buried)
pipeline is obtained by
cursor pick
42.2 Pipeline tunnel Pipeline tunnel

less
43 Diffuser, Crib
contour
Status of disused is
44 Disused pipeline/pipe
a Submerged well (buoyed) Well Well Well
PWI
b Potable water intake

Depth over Crib
Crib 17 ft
61
M Tracks, Routes
Tracks Supplementary national symbols: ac
7UDFNV0DUNHGE\/LJKWV3/HDGLQJ%HDFRQV4
Leading line bearing a non-regulated,

recommended track
Leading line (solid line is the Direction not encoded

1 track to be followed, means Lights in line 090
in line) 270 deg
One-way
270 deg
Two-way
Transit (other than leading line), 270 deg

2 clearing line
Beacons in line 090 Bns in line 270.5 Clearing line; transit line
Non-regulated, recommended track

EDVHGRQ[HGPDUNV
Direction not encoded

Recommended track based on a Lights in line 090
3 V\VWHPRI[HGPDUNV 90 deg
One-way
270 deg
Two-way
Non-regulated, recommended track

QRWEDVHGRQ[HGPDUNV

Recommended track not based
4 RQDV\VWHPRI[HGPDUNV 90 deg
One-way
270 deg
Two-way
%DVHGRQ[HGPDUNVRQHZD\
One-way track and DW track 90 deg Non-regulated
5.1 EDVHGRQDV\VWHPRI[HG recommended track
marks
Deep water route
1RWEDVHGRQ[HGPDUNVRQHZD\
One-way track and DW track 90 deg Non-regulated
5.2 QRWEDVHGRQDV\VWHPRI[HG recommended track
marks
Deep water route
centerline
Recommended track with 7m If encoded, the shoalest depth range
6 maximum authorized (or
73 m
value along the track is obtained by
recommended) draft stated cursor pick
62
Tracks, Routes M
Routing Measures Supplementary national symbols: de
Basic Symbols
7UDIFGLUHFWLRQLQD
Established (mandatory)
10 GLUHFWLRQRIWUDIFRZ
RQHZD\ODQHRIDWUDIF
separation scheme
6LQJOHWUDIFGLUHFWLRQ
5HFRPPHQGHGGLUHFWLRQRIWUDIF in a two-way route part
11 RZ RIDWUDIFVHSDUDWLRQ
scheme
Separation line (large scale,
12 small scale)
7UDIFVHSDUDWLRQOLQH
13 Separation zone 7UDIFVHSDUDWLRQ]RQH
Limit of restricted routing

PHDVXUHHJ,QVKRUH7UDIF RESTRICTED AREA
14 Zone (ITZ), Area to be Avoided
(ATBA))
7UDIFVHSDUDWLRQ
15 Limit of routing measure
scheme boundary
7UDIFSUHFDXWLRQDU\
area as a point
16 Precautionary area
7UDIFSUHFDXWLRQDU\
area as an area
Archipelagic Sea Lane (ASL);

Axis and boundary of
17 axis line and limit beyond which
archipelagic sea lane
vessels shall not navigate
Fairway designated by regulatory

7.3m
authority with minimum depth
Fairway, depth is
18 SAFETY FAIRWAY 166.200 (see note A)
Fairway designated by regulatory
<7.3m> authority with maximum
authorized draft
63
M Tracks, Routes
Examples of Routing Measures on Paper/Raster Charts
Inshore Traffic Zone 20.1
1)
(201
25.1 Inshore Traffic Zone
.5m
10
WAY
25.1
FAIR
18
Precautionary
23 Area
21
20.1 24
20.1 RW
28.1
27.1
29.1
DW
Area to be RW
Avoided
(see Note)
26.1
20.2
DW
27.3
DW
RW
29.2
26.1
DW
22.
28.2
5m
22 26.2 27.2
20.3
Inshore
traffic
zone
25.2
DW
DW
27.3
DW
27.3 20.1 27.3
64
Tracks, Routes M
No.
Examples of Routing Measures

18 Safety fairway
20.1 7UDIF6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPH766WUDIFVHSDUDWHGE\VHSDUDWLRQ]RQH
20.2 7UDIF6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPHWUDIFVHSDUDWHGE\QDWXUDOREVWUXFWLRQV
20.3 7UDIF6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPHZLWKRXWHUVHSDUDWLRQ]RQHVHSDUDWLQJWUDIFXVLQJVFKHPHIURPWUDIFQRWXVLQJLW
21 7UDIF6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPHURXQGDERXWZLWKVHSDUDWLRQ]RQH
22 7UDIF6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPHZLWKFURVVLQJJDWHV
23 7UDIF6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPHFURVVLQJZLWKRXWGHVLJQDWHGSUHFDXWLRQDU\DUHD
24 Precautionary area
25.1 ,QVKRUH7UDIF=RQH,7=ZLWKGHQHGHQGOLPLWV
25.2 ,QVKRUH7UDIF=RQHZLWKRXWGHQHGHQGOLPLWV
26.1 5HFRPPHQGHGGLUHFWLRQRIWUDIFRZEHWZHHQWUDIFVHSDUDWLRQVFKHPHV
26.2 5HFRPPHQGHGGLUHFWLRQRIWUDIFRZIRUVKLSVQRWQHHGLQJDGHHSZDWHUURXWH
27.1 'HHSZDWHUURXWH':DVSDUWRIRQHZD\WUDIFODQH
27.2 Two-way deep water route, with minimum depth stated
27.3 Deep water route, centerline as recommended one-way or two-way track
28.1 Recommended route, one-way and two-way (often marked by centerline buoys)
28.2 Two-way route, with one-way sections
29.1 Area to be Avoided (ATBA), around navigational aid
29.2 Area to be Avoided, e.g. because of danger of stranding
65
M Tracks, Routes
Examples of Routing Measures in ECDIS
20.1
25.1
29.1 25.1
18
23
21
20.1
20.1
24 28.1
27.1
26.1
20.2
27.3
26.1
29.2
28.2
22 26.2 27.2
20.3
25.2
27.3 27.3 27.3

20.1
66
Tracks, Routes M
Radar Surveillance Systems
30 Radar surveillance station Ra Radar station
31 Radar range Radar range
270 deg
32.1 Radar reference line Ra Ra Radar line
Non-regulated recommended track

EDVHGRQ[HGPDUNV

Radar reference line coinciding
32.2 with a leading line 90 deg
One-way
270 deg
Two-way
Radio Reporting Points
Nr 13 Radio calling-in point for

WUDIFLQRQHGLUHFWLRQ
ch s74
only
Radio reporting (calling-in or

way) points showing direction(s)
40.1 of vessel movement with desig
ch s74 WUDIFLQERWKGLUHFWLRQV
VHF 80 nation (if any) and VHF-channel
Nr 13 Radio calling-in point,

ch s74 direction not encoded

ch s74 WUDIFLQRQHGLUHFWLRQ
only
Nr 13
ch s74 Radio calling-in point for
40.2 Radio reporting line WUDIFLQERWKGLUHFWLRQV
Nr 13
ch s74 Radio calling-in point,
direction not encoded
67
M Tracks, Routes
Ferries
Ferry
Ferry
50 Ferry Ferry route
51 Cable Ferry Cable Ferry Cable ferry route

Recommended track for deep
a GUDIWYHVVHOVWUDFNQRWGHQHG DW
E\[HGPDUNV
Depth is shown where it has ft

76
b been obtained by the cognizant DW
DW 83ft
authority
c Alternate course
68
Areas, Limits N
General *
'UHGJHGDQG6ZHSW$UHDV,6XEPDULQH&DEOHV6XEPDULQH3LSHOLQHV/7UDFNV5RXWHV0
Maritime limit in general, usually

implying permanent physical
1.1 obstructions (tint band for
emphasis)
&DXWLRQDUHDDVSHFLF
Maritime limit in general, usually caution note applies
implying no permanent physical
1.2 obstructions (tint band for
emphasis)
Limit of restricted area

Area where entry is
2.1 RESTRICTED AREA prohibited or restricted or
Limit of restricted area, with tint to be avoided
band for emphasis
Area where entry is

prohibited or restricted or
to be avoided, with other
PROHIBITED AREA
cautions
Limit of area into which entry is
2.2 prohibited
PROHIBITED AREA Area where entry is
information
Anchorages, Anchorage Areas

Anchorage area as a
5HSRUWHGDQFKRUDJHQRGHQHG point at small scale, or
10 limits) anchor points of mooring
trot at large scale
Nr 6
11.1 Anchor berths 14 6 No 1
Anchor berth
3
Anchor berths with swinging Radius of swing circle is obtained by
11.2 circle
D17 cursor pick
* ECDIS represents many types of area limits with just a few different symbols. Information about the type of area and its associated restrictions or prohibitions may be obtained by cursor pick.
69
N Areas, Limits
12.1 Anchorage area in general

Anchorage
Anchorage
12.2 Numbered anchorage area
No. 1
Neufeld
12.3 Name
Named anchorage area Anchorage
Deep water anchorage area,

DW
12.4 Anchorage area for deep draft
Anchorage
vessels
Type of anchorage area
Tanker is obtained by cursor
12.5 Tanker anchorage area Anchorage pick
Anchorage area for periods up

12.6 to 24 hours
12.7 Explosives anchorage area EXPLOSIVES ANCHORAGE
QUAR
ANCH
Quarantine
12.8 Quarantine anchorage area Anchorage
QUARANTINE
ANCHORAGE
12.9 Reserved anchorage area
Note: Anchors as part of the limit symbol are not shown for small areas. Other types of anchorage areas may be shown.
SEAPLANE
13 Seaplane operating area LANDING Seaplane landing area
AREA
Type of anchorage area

14 Anchorage for seaplanes is obtained by cursor
pick
70
Areas, Limits N
Restricted Areas Supplementary national symbols: d, e, g
Area where anchoring is

prohibited or restricted
ANCH ANCH
PROHIBITED PROHIB
20 Anchoring prohibited prohibited or restricted,
with other cautions

prohibited or restricted,
with other information
$UHDZKHUHVKLQJRU
trawling is prohibited or
restricted
FISH
PROHIB $UHDZKHUHVKLQJRU
FISH trawling is prohibited
21.1 Fishing prohibited
PROHIBITED or restricted, with other
cautions
$UHDZKHUHVKLQJRU
trawling is prohibited
or restricted, with other
information
71
N Areas, Limits
Area where diving is

21.2 Diving prohibited
prohibited
22.1 Bird sanctuary
Environmentally
Sensitive Sea Area
(ESSA)
22.2 Seal sanctuary
Area with minor restric

tions or information
notices
1RQVSHFLFQDWXUHUHVHUYH
22.3 National parks, Marine Reserves
(MR)
Particularly Sensitive Sea Area

22.4 (PSSA)
PSSA
72
Areas, Limits N
Explosives
Explosives or chemical
Explosives dumping ground, EXPLOSIVES
23.1 Dumping individual mine or explosive DUMPING AREA
dumping ground as a
Ground point
EXPLOSIVES
Explosives dumping ground

23.2 (disused), Foul (explosives)
DUMPING
AREA DISUSED
Explosives or chemical
dumping ground as an
area
Dumping ground for chemical Dumping Ground
24 waste
Dump Site
DEGAUSSING DEGAUSSING
25 Degaussing range (DG range) RANGE RANGE Degaussing area
If a speed restriction exists, the speed

27 Maximum speed
limit is obtained by cursor pick
Military Practice Areas
30 Firing practice area Restricted area
Area where entry is

Military restricted area, entry Prohibited
Entry PROHIBITED
31 Prohibited prohibited AREA
Area

cautions
Mine-laying (and counter-

32 measures) practice area
Restricted area
Submarine transit lane and
33 exercise area SUBMARINE EXERCISE
AREA
34 Minefield
(see note)
0LQHHOG 0LQHHOG
International Boundaries and National Limits Supplementary national symbols: a, f, h
CANADA
40 International boundary on land Jurisdiction boundary
UNITED STATES
73
N Areas, Limits
CANADA
41 International maritime boundary Jurisdiction boundary
UNITED STATES
Straight territorial sea baseline Straight territorial sea

42 with base point baseline
43 Seaward limit of territorial sea TERRITORIAL SEA

Territorial sea
44 Seaward limit of contiguous zone Contiguous zone
45 /LPLWVRIVKHU\]RQHV /LPLWVRIVKHU\]RQH
46 Continental Shelf Limit of continental shelf Continental shelf area
Limit of Exclusive Economic Exclusive economic

47 Zone (EEZ) zone
48 Customs limit Custom regulations zone
49 Harbor Limit
Harbor limit Harbor Limit Harbor area, symbolized
Various Limits Supplementary national symbols: a, b
(2012) Limit of fast ice, Ice front (with

60.1 date)
Continuous pattern for
an ice area (glacier, etc.)
(2012) Limit of sea ice (pack ice)
60.2 seasonal (with date)
Floating hazard
Floating barrier, including log

Log boom Boom, ice boom
61 ponds, security barriers, ice
booms, shark nets
%RRPLFHERRPRDWLQJ
obstruction, log pond
62.1 Spoil ground Spoil Area
HO information note
62.2 Spoil ground (disused) Spoil Area Discontinued
74
Areas, Limits N
63 Extraction Area Extraction (dredging) area Dredging area
64 Cargo transhipment area
HO information note
65 Incineration area

a COLREGS demarcation line
/LPLWRIVKLQJDUHDVKWUDS
b areas)
Dumping
c Dumping ground
Ground
Disposal Area 92
d Dumping area (Dump site) Depths from survey
of 2010 85
Reservation line
f (Options)
g Dump site Dump Site
h Three Nautical Mile Line THREE NAUTICAL MILE LINE
i No Discharge Zone NO-DISCHARGE ZONE
75
P Lights
Light Structures and Major Floating Lights

0LQRU/LJKW)ORDWV4
Major light, minor light, light, Light, lighthouse,

1 Lt LtHo
lighthouse paper chart
PLATFORM Lighted offshore

2 Lighted offshore platform (lighted) platform, paper chart
Marker Lighted beacon tower,

3 Lighted beacon tower (lighted) paper chart
4 Lighted beacon
Lighted beacon,
paper chart
Articulated light, buoyant
5 beacon, resilient beacon Art
0DMRURDWLQJOLJKWOLJKWYHVVHO
6 PDMRUOLJKWRDW/$1%<
Light vessel, paper chart
1RWH0LQRUOLJKWV[HGDQGRDWLQJXVXDOO\FRQIRUPWR,$/$0DULWLPH%XR\DJH6\VWHPFKDUDFWHULVWLFV
Navigational lights on landmarks

7 or other structures
8 Important light off chart limits
76
Lights P
Abbreviation Period shown

No. Class of light Illustration ECDIS
INT NOAA
Light Characters
/LJKW&KDUDFWHUVRQ/LJKW%XR\V4
F
10.1 F F Fixed
Occulting (total duration of light longer than total duration of darkness)

Oc
Oc Oc Single-occulting
10.2 Oc(2) Oc (2)

Oc (2) Group-occulting
Example
Oc(2+3) Oc (2+3)
Oc (2+3) Composite group-occulting
Example
Isophase (duration of light and darkness equal)

10.3 Iso
Iso Iso Isophase
Flashing (total duration of light shorter than total duration of darkness)
Fl Fl 6LQJOHDVKLQJ Fl
10.4 Fl(3) Fl (3)

Fl (3) *URXSDVKLQJ
Example
Fl(2+1) Fl (2+1)
Fl (2+1) &RPSRVLWHJURXSDVKLQJ
Example
L FL When text for lights is displayed,
10.5 LFl L Fl /RQJDVKLQJDVKVRUORQJHU
ECDIS uses INT abbreviations.
4XLFNUHSHWLWLRQUDWHRIWRXVXDOO\HLWKHURUDVKHVSHUPLQXWH
Q
Q Q Continuous quick
10.6 Q(3) Q(3)

Q (3) Group quick
Example
IQ
IQ IQ Interrupted quick
9HU\TXLFNUHSHWLWLRQUDWHRIWRXVXDOO\HLWKHURUDVKHVSHUPLQXWH
VQ
VQ VQ Continuous very quick
10.7 VQ(3) VQ(3)

VQ (3) Group very quick
Example
IVQ IVQ Interrupted very quick
8OWUDTXLFNUHSHWLWLRQUDWHRIRUPRUHXVXDOO\WRDVKHVSHUPLQXWH
UQ UQ Continuous ultra quick

10.8
IUQ IUQ Interrupted ultra quick
77
P Lights
Abbreviation Period shown

No. Class of light Illustration ECDIS
INT NOAA
Mo(K) Mo (K)
10.9 Example
Mo (K) Morse Code
F Fl When text for lights is displayed,

10.10 FFl F Fl )L[HGDQGDVKLQJ
W R W R W R Al WR
10.11 Al.WR AlWR Alternating
White (only on sector and Colors of lights shown

11.1 W alternating lights) Default light symbol if no
on standard charts color is encoded or color
11.2 R Red is other than red, green,
white, yellow, amber, or
orange
11.3 G Green
11.4 Bu Blue on multicolored charts Red
11.5 Vi Violet Green
White, yellow, amber or

11.6 Y Yellow
orange
on multicolored charts
at sector lights
11.7 Y Or Orange
Sector lights
11.8 Y Am Amber
Period
Period in seconds and tenths of
12 2.5s 90s a second
Elevation
3ODQHRIUHIHUHQFHIRU+HLJKWV+7LGDO/HYHOV+
Elevation of light given in meters
13 12m or feet
36ft When text for lights is displayed,
Range
15M Light with single range
10M
15/10M Light with two different ranges only lesser of two 15/10M
14 ranges is charted
7M
15-7M Light with three or more ranges only least of three
ranges is charted
Note: Charted ranges are nominal ranges given in Nautical Miles.
78
Lights P
Disposition
(hor) Horizontally disposed
Disposition of light is obtained by

15 (vert) Vertically disposed
cursor pick
( ) ( ) 3 lights disposed in the shape of

a triangle
Example of a Full Light Description

INT Example NOAA Example NGA Example
FlR15s21m11M
ft
Fl(3) &ODVVRIOLJKWJURXSDVKLQJUHSHDWLQJDJURXSRI Fl(3) &ODVVRIOLJKWJURXSDVKLQJUHSHDWLQJDJURXSRI The descriptions of non-sector lights are shown
WKUHHDVKHV WKUHHDVKHV in ECDIS when the display of text is turned on, as
shown above. (The aid to navigation or other struc
WRG Colors: white, red, green, exhibiting the different WRG Colors: white, red, green, exhibiting the different WXUHWKDWLVDOZD\VVKRZQDWWDFKHGWRDOLJKWDUHLQ
FRORUVLQGHQHGVHFWLRQV FRORUVLQGHQHGVHFWLRQV ECDIS is not depicted here.)
15s
Period: the time taken to exhibit one full sequence of 15s Period: the time taken to exhibit one full sequence of Sector lights (as described in the INT, NOAA and
WKUHHDVKHVDQGHFOLSVHVVHFRQGV WKUHHDVKHVDQGHFOLSVHVVHFRQGV NGA examples at left) are depicted graphically in
16 ECDIS, as shown below and in P40.
21m
Elevation of focal plane above datum: 21 meters Elevation of light:
The description of a sector light or
21ft 21 feet any other type of light may always be
21m 21 meters obtained by cursor pick.
15-11M Nominal range: white 15M, green 11M, red between Nominal range:
15 and 11M
11M shortest range of all the lights is 11M
15-11M white 15M, green 11M, red between 15 and 11M
79
P Lights
Lights Marking Fairways

Leading Lights and Lights in Line
Leading lights with sectors
g
de
3
5.
22
Leading lights with leading line
(solid line is the track to be
20.1 followed) and arcs of visibility Lts in line 270
Bearing given in degrees and
tenths of a degree
/HDGLQJOLJKWVPHDQVOLJKWV
in line) Oc OcR 270 deg
20.2 Leading lights
Bearing given in degrees and
tenths of a degree
Leading lights on small scale

20.3 charts
FlG FlG 270 deg
Lights in line, marking the sides Lights in line, marking

21 of a channel the sides of a channel
2FlR 270 deg
22 Rear Lt or Upper Lt Rear or upper light
23 Front Lt or Lower Lt Front or lower light
80
Lights P
Direction Lights
Directional light with sector
RED
Direction light with narrow
sector and course to be followed,
30.1 DQNHGE\GDUNQHVVRU 269 deg
N
GREE
XQLQWHQVLHGOLJKW
Directional light without sector
deg
209
Direction light with course to be
30.2 followed, sector(s) uncharted
16
5.5
de
g
Fl(2)5s11M Oc12s6M

IDLUZD\VHFWRUDQNHGE\OLJKW
30.3 sectors of different character on
standard charts
Light, directional

IDLUZD\VHFWRUDQNHGE\OLJKW
30.4 sectors of different character on
multicolored charts
Moir effect light (day and night), FY 270 deg Category of light as
31 arrows show when course moir effect is obtained
alteration needed by cursor pick
Note: Quoted bearings are always from seaward.
81
P Lights
Sector Lights
40.1 Sector light on standard charts
Light, sector
Sector light on multicolored

40.2 charts
Sector lights on standard charts,

41.1 the white sector limits marking
the sides of the fairway
Sector lights on multicolored

41.2 charts, the white sector limits
marking the sides of the fairway
82
Lights P
Light, danger
Main light visible all-round with

42 red subsidiary light seen over
RED
danger
Light, obscured
All-round light with obscured

43
OBSC
sector
Light with arc of visibility

44 deliberately restricted
Light, restricted
45 Light with faint sector Light, faint
83
P Lights
,QWHQVLHGOLJKWYLVLELOLW\LVREWDLQHGE\
cursor pick
46 /LJKWZLWKLQWHQVLHGVHFWRU
/LJKWLQWHQVLHG
Lights with Limited Times of Exhibition

Lights exhibited only when spe
50 FLDOO\QHHGHGIRUVKLQJYHVVHOV Occas F R (occas)
ferries) and some private lights
Daytime light (charted only

where the character shown by F Bu 9m 6M
51 day differs from that shown at (F by day)
night)
Fog light (exhibited only in fog, or Status and condition of light is

52 character changes in fog) obtained by cursor pick
Unwatched (unmanned) light

53
with no standby or emergency
arrangements
54 (temp) Temporary
55 (exting) Extinguished
Special Lights
)ODUH6WDFNDVVHD/)ODUH6WDFNRQODQG(6LJQDO6WDWLRQV7
AeroAlFlWG7.5s11M
60 Aero light (may be unreliable) AERO Al WG 7.5s Light
AERO 108m 13M AERO
Air obstruction light of high

61.1 intensity (e.g. on radio mast) AERO F R 77m 11M
AeroFR313m11M Conspicuous mast with
light
Air obstruction light of low
61.2 intensity (e.g. on radio mast)
TR (RLts)
Category of light is obtained by cursor

62 Fog Det Lt Fog detector light
pick
)ORRGOLWRRGOLJKWLQJRID
63 (Illuminated)
structure
Floodlight
84
Lights P
64 Strip light Strip light
Private light other than one Status of private is obtained by cursor

65 (priv)
exhibited occasionally Priv F R (priv) pick
Priv maintd
66 (sync) Synchronized light
a Riprap surrounding light
S-L Fl
b Short-Long Flashing
G-S Fl
c Group-Short Flashing
d Fixed and Group Flashing F Gp Fl
e 8QPDQQHGOLJKWYHVVHOOLJKWRDW FLOAT
LANBY, superbuoy as
f navigational aid
85
6LPSOLHGDQG7UDGLWLRQDO3DSHU&KDUW6\PEROV
ECDIS
ECDIS can be set to display aids to navigation with either traditional paper chart or Fixed Marks
VLPSOLHGV\PEROV7KHWZRV\PEROVHWVDUHVKRZQEHORZ6RPH(&',6FRORUOOWKH
Paper Chart 6LPSOLHG 6LPSOLHG6\PERO1DPH
SDSHUFKDUWEXR\VKDSHVEXWWKLVLVQRWUHTXLUHGE\,+2(&',6SRUWUD\DOVSHFLFD
tions. Cardinal beacon, north
*
Floating Marks
Cardinal beacon, east
Paper Chart 6LPSOLHG 6LPSOLHG6\PERO1DPH *
Cardinal buoy, north * Cardinal beacon, south

*
* Cardinal buoy, east * Cardinal beacon, west
'HIDXOWV\PEROIRUDEHDFRQXVHGZKHQQRGHQLQJ
* Cardinal buoy, south attributes have been encoded in the ENC)
Isolated danger beacon

* Cardinal buoy, west
'HIDXOWV\PEROIRUEXR\XVHGZKHQQRGHQLQJDWWULEXWHV Major lateral beacon, red

have been encoded in the ENC)
Major lateral beacon, green
* Isolated danger buoy
Conical lateral buoy, green Minor lateral beacon, green
Conical lateral buoy, red Major safe water beacon
Can shape lateral buoy, green Minor safe water beacon
Can shape lateral buoy, red

Major special purpose beacon
Minor special purpose beacon
Installation buoy and mooring buoy * Paper chart symbols display various buoy or beacon shape symbols in conjunction with the topmark.
6LPSOLHGSRUWUD\DORQO\GLVSOD\VWKHWRSPDUN
6HYHUDOGLIIHUHQWSDSHUFKDUWV\PEROVFRUUHVSRQGWRWKLVVLPSOLHGV\PERO
** Safe water buoy

Day Marks
Special purpose buoy, spherical or barrel shaped, or default
symbol for special purpose buoy Paper Chart 6LPSOLHG 6LPSOLHG6\PERO1DPH
Special purpose TSS buoy marking the starboard side of the
WUDIFODQH
Square or rectangular daymark
6SHFLDOSXUSRVH766EXR\PDUNLQJWKHSRUWVLGHRIWKHWUDIF
lane
Special purpose ice buoy or spar or pillar shaped buoy Triangular daymark, point up
Super-buoy ODAS & LANBY Triangular daymark, point down
/LJKWRDW
5HWURUHHFWRU
Light vessel
86
Buoys, Beacons Q
Buoys and Beacons

,$/$0DULWLPH%XR\DJH6\VWHPZKLFKLQFOXGHV%HDFRQV4
Default symbol for buoy,

Default buoy symbol if no other paper chart
GHQLQJDWWULEXWLRQLVSURYLGHG Default symbol for buoy,
VLPSOLHG
Default symbol for a
Default beacon symbol if no beacon, paper chart
RWKHUGHQLQJDWWULEXWLRQLV
provided Default symbol for a
EHDFRQVLPSOLHG
ECDIS shows the position of buoys and beacons

with a circle at the bottom of paper chart symbols.
1 Position of buoy or beacon
)RUVLPSOLHGV\PEROVWKHSRVLWLRQRIWKHDLG
corresponds with the center of the symbol.
Colors of Buoys and Beacon Topmarks Supplementary national symbols: p
$EEUHYLDWLRQVIRU&RORUV3
*UHHQDQGEODFNV\PEROVOOHG G
2 black)
Single color other than green R

3 and black
Multiple colors in horizontal RG

4 bands, the color sequence is
from top to bottom
Multiple colors in vertical or RW
5 diagonal stripes, the darker color
LVJLYHQUVW
5HWURUHHFWLQJPDWHULDO 5HWURUHHFWRU
6
1RWH5HWURUHHFWLQJPDWHULDOPD\EHWWHGWRVRPHXQOLWPDUNV&KDUWVGRQRWXVXDOO\VKRZLW8QGHU,$/$5HFRPPHQGDWLRQVEODFNEDQGVZLOODSSHDUEOXHXQGHUDVSRWOLJKW
Lighted Marks
0DUNVZLWK)RJ6LJQDOV5
Lighted marks on standard Fl G Fl R Fl R

7 charts R
Lighted marks on multicolored

8 charts
87
Q Buoys, Beacons
7RSPDUNVDQG5DGDU5HHFWRUV
)RU$SSOLFDWLRQRI7RSPDUNVZLWKLQWKH,$/$6\VWHP4)RURWKHUWRSPDUNVVSHFLDOSXUSRVHEXR\VDQGEHDFRQV4
Paper chart symbols for topmarks (on the left, below)

are always displayed above a buoy or beacon shape
symbol, as in Q 10 and Q 11.
6LPSOLHGV\PEROVRQWKHULJKWEHORZIRUFDUGLQDO
marks, isolated dangers and safe water consist of
only the topmark without the buoy shape symbol.
6LPSOLHGV\PERORJ\IRUPDUNVZLWKDQ\RWKHUW\SH
RIWRSPDUNZLOOGLVSOD\RQO\WKHVLPSOLHGEXR\RU
beacon shape symbol without a topmark.
2 cones point upward
2 cones point downward
2 cones base to base
2 cones point to point
IALA System buoy topmarks 2 spheres

9 (beacon topmarks shown upright)
Sphere
Cone point up
Cone point down
Cylinder, square, vertical

rectangle
X-shape
Flag or other shape
Board, horizontal
rectangle
Cube point up
Upright cross over a

circle
T-shape
Beacon with topmark, color, radar G 3 bn No 2 Beacon in general with

10 No2 UHHFWRUDQGGHVLJQDWLRQ Ra Ref topmark, paper chart
Buoy with topmark, color, radar by No 3 Conical buoy with

11 No3 UHHFWRUDQGGHVLJQDWLRQ No 3 topmark, paper chart
1RWH5DGDUUHHFWRUVRQRDWLQJPDUNVXVXDOO\DUHQRWFKDUWHG(&',6GRHVQRWGLVSOD\UDGDUUHHFWRUVRQ[HGRURDWLQJDLGVWKLVLQIRUPDWLRQLVREWDLQHGE\FXUVRUSLFN
88
Buoys, Beacons Q
Buoys
Shapes of Buoys
)HDWXUHV&RPPRQWR%XR\VDQG%HDFRQV4
Paper Chart 6LPSOLHG
Conical buoy, nun buoy, ogival

20 buoy N Conical buoy
21 Can buoy or cylindrical buoy C Can buoy
22 Spherical buoy SP Spherical buoy
23 Pillar buoy P Pillar buoy
24 Spar buoy, spindle buoy S Spar buoy
25 Barrel buoy, tun buoy Barrel buoy
Super-buoy
26 Superbuoy Lanby, super-buoy
Super-buoy odas & lanby
Minor Light Floats
30 /LJKWRDWDVSDUWRI,$/$6\VWHP /LJKWRDW
/LJKWRDWQRWSDUWRI,$/$
31 System
/LJKWRDW

89
Q Buoys, Beacons
Mooring Buoys Supplementary national symbols: m, n
2LORU*DV,QVWDOODWLRQ%XR\/
Mooring buoy, can

shape, paper chart
Mooring buoy, barrel

40 Mooring buoys
shape, paper chart
Installation buoy and

PRRULQJEXR\VLPSOLHG
Fl Y 2s Mooring buoy with light

41 Lighted mooring buoy (example) DUHEDUUHOVKDSHSDSHU
chart
Trot, mooring buoys with

Trot, mooring buoys with ground
42 tackle and berth numbers Nr 1 ground tackle and berth
numbers
Tel Mooring buoy, can

Tel shape, paper chart
Tel = telegraphic
Mooring buoy with telegraphic or Mooring buoy, barrel
43 telephonic communication shape, paper chart
T
T
Installation buoy and
T = telephonic
PRRULQJEXR\VLPSOLHG
Numerous (5 buoys)
44 Numerous moorings (example) mooring
Moorings
Small craft mooring area
buoys
Availability of visitor
45 V Visitors mooring moorings at marina is
90
Buoys, Beacons Q
Special Purpose Buoys

Note: Shapes of buoys are variable. Lateral or Cardinal buoys may be used in some situations.
Purpose of buoy and other information

is obtained by cursor pick
Firing danger area (Danger
50 Zone) buoy
51 Target
52 Marker Ship Conical buoy with

topmark, paper chart
53 Barge
54 DG Degaussing Range buoy

Special purpose buoy,
spherical or barrel
55 Cable Cable buoy 7HO
shaped, or default
symbol for special
56 Spoil ground buoy SXUSRVHEXR\VLPSOLHG
57 Buoy marking outfall
Super-buoy, paper chart
Super-buoy odas &

ODAS buoy (Ocean Data ODQE\VLPSOLHG
58 Acquisition System), data ODAS ODAS
collecting buoy Spherical buoy, paper
chart
Spherical buoy, simpli

HG
Conical buoy with

Buoy marking wave recorder or

59 current meter Special purpose buoy,
spherical or barrel
shaped, or default
symbol for special
SXUSRVHEXR\VLPSOLHG
Conical buoy, paper
60 Seaplane anchorage buoy AERO chart
%XR\PDUNLQJWUDIFVHSDUDWLRQ
61 scheme
Conical buoy with

62 Buoy marking recreation zone
Emergency wreck marking buoy

63 BuY BuY
(EWMB)
Al.Oc.BuY.3s
91
Q Buoys, Beacons
Seasonal Buoys
(occas)
Buoy privately maintained Y Status as private is obtained by cursor
70 (example) 3ULY pick
(01.04.
Y 31.10.)
Status as periodic and period start and

71 Seasonal buoy (example)
stop dates are obtained by cursor pick
Beacons Supplementary national symbols: o
/LJKWHG%HDFRQV3)HDWXUHV&RPPRQWR%HDFRQVDQG%XR\V4
Default symbol for a

beacon, paper chart
Beacon in general,
Bn Bn Default symbol for a
80 characteristics unknown or chart Bn G R EHDFRQVLPSOLHG
scale too small to show
Beacon in general, paper
chart
Beacon with color, no distinctive R RW Beacon color is obtained by cursor

81 topmark Bn pick
G
Beacon color is obtained by cursor
pick
See note at Q 9 for information about topmarks and

(&',6VLPSOLHGV\PERORJ\
Beacon in general with

Major red lateral beacon,

VLPSOLHG
Beacons with colors and
82 topmarks (examples) Beacon in general with
Cardinal beacon, north,

VLPSOLHG

Isolated danger beacon,

VLPSOLHG

Beacon on submerged rock with topmark, paper chart
83 colors (topmark as appropriate)
Isolated danger beacon,
VLPSOLHG
92
Buoys, Beacons Q
Minor Impermanent Marks Usually in Drying Areas (Lateral Marks of Minor Channels)
0LQRU3LOH)
Stake Stake
Minor, stake or pole
90 Stake, pole
beacon, paper chart
Pole Pole R
Port Hand Starboard Hand Minor, stake or pole

beacon, paper chart
91 Perch, withy
R Minor red lateral beacon,
VLPSOLHG
Minor green lateral

92 Withy
EHDFRQVLPSOLHG
Minor Marks, Usually on Land

/DQGPDUNV(
100 Cairn Cairn CAIRN Conspicuous cairn
Square or rectangular
day mark, paper chart
Square or rectangular
GD\PDUNVLPSOLHG
Triangular day mark,

point up, paper chart
101 Colored or white mark
SRLQWXSVLPSOLHG

point down, paper chart

SRLQWGRZQVLPSOLHG
Colored topmark (color known

102.1
or unknown) with function of a
beacon
Painted boards with function of

102.2 leading beacons
93
Q Buoys, Beacons
Beacon Towers
Beacon tower, paper
chart
Beacon tower with

Beacon towers without and with RW topmarks, paper chart
110 topmarks and colors (examples) Bn
Major red lateral beacon,

VLPSOLHG
Major green lateral
EHDFRQVLPSOLHG
Lattice beacon, paper

111 Lattice beacon
chart
Special Purpose Beacons

/HDGLQJ/LQHV&OHDULQJ/LQHV0
Note: Topmarks and colors shown where scale permits.
Bns in 270 deg

120 Leading beacons line 270 Leading beacons
Bns in 270 deg Beacons marking a

121 Beacons marking a clearing line line 270 clearing line or transit
MARKERS
270 deg
Beacons marking measured MARKERS Beacons marking

122 distance with quoted bearings measured distance
COURSE 27000'
TRUE 270 deg
Cable landing beacon

123 Cable landing beacon (example) W (example)
124 Refuge beacon

3XUSRVHDVUHIXJHRUULQJGDQJHU
area beacon is obtained by cursor pick
125 Firing danger area beacons
126 Notice board Notice board
94
Buoys, Beacons Q
IALA Maritime Buoyage System

IALA International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities
Where in force, the IALA System applies to all fixed and floating marks except landfall lights, leading lights and marks, sectored lights and major floating lights. The standard buoy shapes are cylindrical (can) ,
conical , spherical , pillar , and spar , but variations may occur, for example: light floats . In the illustrations in Q 130.1, only the standard buoy shapes are used. In the case of fixed beacons (lit
or unlit), only the shape of the topmark is of navigational significance. Lateral marks are generally for well-defined channels.
130 There are two international buoyage regions where lateral marks differ. Region A is primarily comprised of the waters surrounding Greenland, Africa, Europe, Australia and Asia (except for Japan, the Republic of
Korea and the Philippines). Region B is primarily comprised of the waters surrounding North and South America, Japan, the Republic of Korea and the Philippines.
ECDIS marks the boundary between IALA regions A and B with this symbol:
180 150W 120W 90W 60W 30W 0 30E 60E 90E 120E 150E 180
60N 60N
30N 30N
B B
Japan
Republic of Korea
130.1
Philippines
0 0
A
30S 30S
60S 60S
180 150W 120W 90W 60W 30W 0 30E 60E 90E 120E 150E 180
95
Q Buoys, Beacons
Port-hand marks are red with Port-hand marks are green with G
cylindrical topmarks (if any). R
G G cylindrical topmarks (if any). R R
If lit, light is red. If lit, light is green.
R G
R G
Fl R RGR Fl G
GRG
R G Fl R
Fl G
Fl G R Fl R
INT Fl R G
G
Fl G
G
Fl G Fl R
R
R G R
Fl(2+1)R
Fl(2+1)G
GRG RGR
Starboard-hand marks are green G R Starboard-hand marks are red If lit, lights on port-hand and starboard-hand marks may
R G
G
with conical topmarks (if any). R with conical topmarks (if any). KDYHDQ\UK\WKPVSHFLHGH[FHSW)OZKLFKLVXVHG
If lit, light is green. If lit, light is red.
for preferred channel aids.
REGION A REGION B
All preferred channel marks have horizontal bands of
130.1 color; the top color indicates the preferred channel.
R G
G G C R
C N R
P S N
Port-hand marks are red with Port-hand marks are green with
cylindrical topmarks (if any). cylindrical topmarks (if any).
If lit, light is red. R R
C If lit, light is green. G
G
C
A preferred channel buoy may be a can or conical shape
S S
to indicate the preferred channel (in addition to the top
RG
R
Fl R
C G
GR
C color band), but may also have a pillar or spar shape.
Fl G
G R
Fl G G Fl R R
G R Fl R
R Fl G Fl G Fl R
G
NOAA Fl R Fl G
RG
GR Fl(2+1)R
Fl(2+1)G
R G G R
C N C N
G R
N N
Starboard-hand marks are green Starboard-hand marks are red
with conical topmarks (if any). with conical topmarks (if any).
If lit, light is green. If lit, light is red.
REGION A REGION B
Direction of Buoyage: The direction of buoyage is that taken when approaching a harbor from seaward. Along coasts, the direction is determined by buoyage authorities, normally clockwise around land masses.
Symbols showing direction of buoyage where it is not obvious
INT
IALA Region A IALA Region B
General symbol for direction of buoyage
on multicolored charts on multicolored charts
130.2
ECDIS General symbol for direction of buoyage IALA Region A IALA Region B
96
Buoys, Beacons Q
No. INT ECDIS
Cardinal Marks: indicating navigable water to the named side of the marks. In the illustration below all marks are the same in Regions A and B.
VQ
N
E
W
or Q
N
W E
Topmark: 2 black cones
Black above yellow

Light: White
VQ(9)10s VQ(3)5s
or Q(9)15s or Q(3)10s The same abbreviations are used for lights on
YBY BY BY BYB spar buoys and beacons. S
The periods 5s, 10s, and 15s may not always Paper chart symbology
130.3 Point of be charted.
W interest E
0 5 10 15
Time (seconds) N
Period
YBY YBY YB YB BYB BYB
Yellow with Yellow above black Black with

Cardinal marks are seldom used in U.S. waters
black band yellow band
and do not appear on NOAA charts, except for
charts that also depict Canadian waters.
W E
VQ(6)+LFl.10s
or Q(6)+LFl.15s
SE
SW
YB
S
S
6LPSOLHGV\PERORJ\
97
Q Buoys, Beacons
Pillar buoy with 2

Isolated Danger Marks stationed spheres topmark
over dangers with navigable
water around them
BRB BRB
130.4 Body: black with red horizontal BR Spar buoy with 2

band(s) spheres topmark
Fl(2)
BRB BRB Topmark: 2 black spheres
Light: white
Isolated danger buoy,
VLPSOLHG
Spherical buoy, paper

chart
Safe Water Marks such as

mid-channel and landfall marks Pillar buoy with sphere
RW RW RW
topmark
130.5 Iso or
Body: red and white vertical RW
Oc or stripes
LFl.10s or
RW RW RW Mo(A) Topmark (if any): red sphere Spar buoy with sphere
topmark
Light: white
Safe water buoy,

VLPSOLHG
Spherical buoy,
paper chart
Special Marks not primarily to

assist navigation but to indicate Can buoy
special features
Y Y Y Y
Body (shape optional): yellow*

130.6 Conical buoy
Y Y Y Y
Topmark (if any): yellow x or
upright cross
Al.Oc.BuY.3s* Fl.Y Lights: yellow, rhythm optional*
BuY* BuY* Spar buoy with x-shape
*in special cases yellow may be topmark
in conjunction with another color
Special purpose buoy,

VLPSOLHG
98
Buoys, Beacons Q
a Bell buoy BELL BELL
b Gong buoy GONG GONG
c Whistle buoy WHIS WHIS
Fairway buoy (red and white

d vertical stripe) RW
Mid-channel buoy (red and white

e vertical stripe) RW
Starboard-hand buoy (entering R

f from seaward - US waters)
Port-hand buoy (entering from G

g seaward - US waters)
Bifurcation/Junction buoys RG GR
h
Isolated danger, Wreck or
Obstruction buoy BR
i Fish trap (area) buoy Y
j Anchorage buoy (marks limits) Y
Triangular shaped beacons R RG

Bn
G GR W B
l Square shaped beacons Bn Bn Bn
Beacon, color unknown Bn
o Lighted beacon
Bn
Security barrier
q Security barrier
r 6FLHQWLFPRRULQJEXR\
s Float (unlighted)
t White and blue buoy

WBuW
99
R Fog Signals
General
)RJ'HWHFWRU/LJKW3)RJ/LJKW3
Position of a
conspicuous point
feature with fog signal
Lighted pillar buoy, paper

Position of fog signal, type of fog
1 AIS signal not stated Fog Sig
chart with fog signal
Lighted super-buoy,
paper chart with fog
signal
Types of Fog Signals, with Abbreviations Supplementary national symbol: a
10 Explos Explosive GUN
11 Dia Diaphone ',$
12 Siren Siren SIREN

Type of fog signal and its
13 Horn Horn (nautophone, reed, tyfon) HORN characteristics are obtained by cursor
pick
14 Bell Bell BELL
15 Whis Whistle :+,67/(
16 Gong Gong GONG
Examples of Fog Signal Descriptions

Note: The fog signal symbol will usually be omitted when a description of the signal is given.
Siren at a lighthouse, giving a

long blast followed by a short
20 one (N), repeated every 60
Fl 3s 70m 29M Fl 3s 70m 29M Light with fog signal
SIREN Mo(N) 60s SIREN
seconds
Pillar buoy, paper chart

21 Wave-actuated bell buoy
BELL BELL with fog signal

Light buoy, with horn giving a
single blast every 15 seconds, in Q(6)+LFl 15s Lighted pillar buoy, paper
22 conjunction with a wave-actuated HORN(1) 15s
Q(6)+LFl 15s
chart with fog signal
HORN WHIS
whistle WHIS
Supplementary National Symbol

a Morse Code fog signal Mo
100
Radar, Radio, Satellite Navigation Systems S
Radar
5DGDU6WUXFWXUHV)RUPLQJ/DQGPDUNV(5DGDU6XUYHLOODQFH6\VWHPV0
Coast radar station, providing
1 range and bearing service on Ra Radio station
request
Ramark, radar beacon

2 transmitting continuously
Ramark
Radar transponder beacon, with

3.1 PRUVHLGHQWLFDWLRQUHVSRQGLQJ RACON
within the 3 cm (X) band
Radar transponder beacon, with
3.2 PRUVHLGHQWLFDWLRQUHVSRQGLQJ
within the 10 cm (S) band
Radar transponder beacon, with Racon (Z)

3.3 PRUVHLGHQWLFDWLRQ (3 & 10 cm)
Radar transponder beacon with

sector of obscured reception Radar transponder
beacon
3.4
Radar transponder beacon with

sector of reception
Leading radar transponder

beacons (: objects in line)
3.5
Leading radar transponder
beacons coincident with leading
lights

Radar transponder beacons on RACON () Radar transponder on
3.6 RDWLQJPDUNV
5 Racon
RDWLQJPDUN
Fl R 4s
4 5DGDUUHHFWRU Ra Ref
Symbol indicating this
object is radar
conspicuous
5 Radar conspicuous feature Ra (conspic)
101
S Radar, Radio, Satellite Navigation Systems
Radio
5DGLR6WUXFWXUHV)RUPLQJ/DQGPDUNV(5DGLR5HSRUWLQJ&DOOLQJLQRU:D\SRLQWV0
Circular (non-directional) marine

10 or aeromarine radiobeacon RC R Bn

Directional radiobeacon with RD 270
bearing line RD
11 Radio station
Directional radiobeacon
coincident with leading lights
12
Rotating pattern radiobeacon

RW
Additional information regarding radio,
CONSOL Bn
such as category of radio station,
13 Consol beacon 190 kHz CONSOL signal frequency, communication chan
MMF nel, call sign, estimated signal range,
periodicity and status may be included
in the cursor pick.
14 5DGLRGLUHFWLRQQGLQJVWDWLRQ RDF
The presence of an AIS transmitted
signal intended for use as an aid to
Coast radio station providing navigation associated with a physical
15 QTG service
R Sta

R
aid, including the AIS MMSI Number,
can be obtained by cursor pick on the
physical aid.
16
Aeronautical radiobeacon

AERO R Bn
$XWRPDWLF,GHQWLFDWLRQ6\VWHP
17.1 transmitter
$XWRPDWLF,GHQWLFDWLRQ6\VWHP
17.2 WUDQVPLWWHURQRDWLQJPDUNV
(examples)
Virtual AIS (with unknown IALA

18.1 V-AIS
GHQHGIXQFWLRQ
Virtual AIS (with known IALA

18.2 V-AIS
GHQHGIXQFWLRQ
North cardinal virtual aid
V-AIS
Satellite Navigation Systems

World Geodetic System, 1972
WGS WGS72 WGS84
or 1984
50
Note: A note may be shown to indicate the shifts of latitude and longitude, to one, two or three decimal places of a minute, depending on the chart scale, which should be made to satellite-derived positions (which are
referred to WGS 84) to relate them to the chart.
Station providing DGPS

51 corrections DGPS
DGPS reference station
102
Services T
Pilotage
Boarding place, position of a pilot
1.1 cruising vessel
Pilots Pilot boarding place

1.2 cruising vessel, with name (e.g. Name
District, Port)
1.3 cruising vessel, with note (e.g. (see note) Pilot boarding area
Tanker, Disembarkation)
1.4 Pilots transferred by helicopter
3LORWRIFHZLWKSLORWORRNRXW
2 Pilot lookout station
3 3LORWRIFH PIL STA Pilots
Port with pilotage service

4 (boarding place not shown)
Coast Guard, Rescue
CG
10 Coast Guard station Coast guard station

R TR
CG WALLIS
SANDS
Coast guard station

Coast Guard station with Rescue
11 station
Rescue station
Rescue station, Lifeboat station,

12 Rocket station
LS S
13 Lifeboat lying at a mooring Rescue station
14 Refuge for shipwrecked mariners
Signal Stations
20 Signal station in general SS Sig Sta
Signal station, showing

21 LQWHUQDWLRQDOSRUWWUDIFVLJQDOV
Signal station
7UDIFVLJQDOVWDWLRQ3RUWHQWU\
22 and departure signals
23 Port control signal station HECP
103
T Services
24 Lock signal station
25.1 Bridge passage signal station
%ULGJHOLJKWVLQFOXGLQJWUDIF
25.2 signals
26 Distress signal station
27 Telegraph station
28 Storm signal station S Sig Sta
Weather signal station, Wind

29 signal station, National Weather NWS SIG STA
Service (NWS) signal station
Signal station
30 Ice signal station
31 Time signal station
32.1 Tide scale or gauge Tide Gauge
Automatically recording tide

32.2 gauge
33 Tide signal station
34 Tidal stream signal station
35 Danger signal station
36 Firing practice signal station
a Bell (on land) BELL
b Marine police station MARINE POLICE
c Fireboat station FIREBOAT STATION
d Notice board
e Lookout station; Watch tower LOOK TR
f Semaphore Sem
g Park Ranger station
104
Small Craft (Leisure) Facilities U
Small Craft (Leisure) Facilities

7UDIF)HDWXUHV%ULGJHV'3XEOLF%XLOGLQJV&UDQHV)3LORWV&RDVW*XDUG5HVFXH6LJQDO6WDWLRQV7
Marina facilities
7,'(6 '(37+ 6(59,&(6 6833/,(6

$3 $/ (/ 5 5 0 /, BOAT )2 : W '
$0 (3 $5 )7 ,1 AT ,(
72
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a 1 /$69(*$6%2$7 80 20 S +0 0 )& T P :' C WI GH BT G
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3 +(0(1:$<+$5%25 80 S
4 7(03/(%$5+$5 80 15 SN 0 H )/& 76/3 :' C WI GH BT G

5 (&+2%$<5(6257 35 35 %0 S 0 0 H )/& 76/3 :' C WI GH BT G
6 29(5721%($&+ 100 S 0 )& 76/ :' WI G BT G

7 &$//9,//(%$<0 100 40 S 0 H )& TS P :' WI G B G
'(127(6+2856/$7(5'(127(6+2856($5/,(5
7+(/2&$7,2162)7+($%29(38%/,&0$5,1()$&,/,7,(6$5(6+2:1217+(&+$57%</$5*(3853/(180%(56
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105
Index of Abbreviations
Note: INT abbreviations are in bold type
A
C
abt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .About . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D i
C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Can, cylindrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 21
AERO, Aero . . . . . . . .Aeronautical light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 60-61.1

C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Aero R Bn . . . . . . . . . .Aeronautical radiobeacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 16

C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cove . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Aero RC . . . . . . . . . . .Aeronautical radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 16

c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Coarse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 32
AIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$XWRPDWLF,GHQWLFDWLRQ6\VWHP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 17.1-17.2

Ca, ca . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calcareous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 38
Al . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Alternating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.11
CALM . . . . . . . . . . . . .Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 16
ALC . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Articulated Loading Column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12

Cap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Capitol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E t
Am . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Amber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.8
Cas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Castle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 34.2
anc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ancient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cobbles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 8
ANCH, Anch . . . . . . . .Anchorage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 20

cbl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 46
ANT, Ant . . . . . . . . . . .Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 31

cd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Candela . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 54
approx. . . . . . . . . . . . .Approximate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cem . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cemetery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 19
Apprs . . . . . . . . . . . . .Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Coast Guard station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 10
Apr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .April . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Chocolate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ba
Apt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Apartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E s
Ch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 10.1
Arch . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Archipelago. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chan . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ASL . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Archipelagic Sea Lane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 17

Chem . . . . . . . . . . . . .Chemical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L40.1-40.2
ATBA. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Area To Be Avoided . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 29.1

CHY, Chy, Chys . . . . .Chimney(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 22
Aug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .August . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cirripedia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ae
auth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Authorized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 46.2

Ck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Chalk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J f
Ave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Avenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 20-21, 26, 28
B
Cl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Clay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 3
B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bay, bayou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Centimeter(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 43
B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 2
Cn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J p
Bdy Mon . . . . . . . . . . .Boundary mark (monument). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 24

Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E u
Bk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Coralline Algae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 10, K 16
bk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J as
Co Hd . . . . . . . . . . . . .Coral Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J i
bk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Broken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 33
Co rf . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Coral reef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bkw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Breakwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 4.1

COLREGS . . . . . . . . .International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea . . . . N a
Bl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.4
Consol . . . . . . . . . . . .Consol Beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 13
bl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J as
constr . . . . . . . . . . . . .Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 32
BM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bench mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 23
Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E v
Bn, Bns . . . . . . . . . . .Beacon(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 2, P 4-5, Q 80-81

cov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Covers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L21.2
BnTr, BnTrs . . . . . . . .Beacon tower(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 3, Q 110

cps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cycles per second . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B j
Bo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Boulder(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 9.2

Cr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Creek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bollard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CRD . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Columbia River Datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H j
Br . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 17
crs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Coarse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 32
br . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J az
c/s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cycles per second . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B j
brg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 62
Cswy. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Causeway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 3
brk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Broken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 33
Ct Ho . . . . . . . . . . . . .Courthouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E o
Bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.4

Cup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cupola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 10.4
Cus Ho . . . . . . . . . . . .Customs house. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 61
Cy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Clay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 3
106
D \ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Flinty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ao
D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Destroyed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
fm, fms . . . . . . . . . . . .Fathom(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 48
dec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Decayed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J an
fne. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 30
Dec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .December . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fog Det Lt . . . . . . . . .Fog detector light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 62
Deg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Degree(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B n
Fog Sig . . . . . . . . . . . .Fog Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 1
Destr . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Destroyed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Flagpole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 27
dev . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Deviation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 67
FPSO . . . . . . . . . . . . .)ORDWLQJ3URGXFWLRQ6WRUDJHDQG2IRDGLQJ9HVVHO . . . . . . L 17
DF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Direction Finder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Foraminifera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J y
DG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Degaussing Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 25, Q 54

Fs, FS . . . . . . . . . . . . .Flagstaff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 27
DGPS . . . . . . . . . . . . .Differential Global Positioning System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 51

Fsh stks . . . . . . . . . . .Fishing stakes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 44.1
Di . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Diatoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aa
FT, ft . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Foot, Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 47, D 20
DIA, Dia . . . . . . . . . . .Diaphone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 11

Fu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fucus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J af
Dir. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Direction light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 30-31

G
Discol . . . . . . . . . . . . .Discolored. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K e
G. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gravel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 6
dist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Distant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
G. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Green . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.3, Q 2
dk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bd
G. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gulf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
dm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Decimeter(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 42
GAB, Gab . . . . . . . . . .Gable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E i
Dn, Dns . . . . . . . . . . .Dolphin(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 20

GCLWD . . . . . . . . . . .Gulf Coast Low Water Datum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H k
Dol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dolphin(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 20
Gl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Globigerina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J z
DW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Deep Water route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 27.1, N 12.4

glac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Glacial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ap
DZ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Danger Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 50

gn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Green . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J av
E
Govt Ho . . . . . . . . . . .Government House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E m
E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 10
Gp Fl. . . . . . . . . . . . . .*URXSDVKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.4
ED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Existence Doubtful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 1

Gp Oc . . . . . . . . . . . . .Group occulting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.2
EEZ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Exclusive Economic Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 47

GPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Global Positioning System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Entr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Entrance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Grd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J a
ESSA . . . . . . . . . . . . .Environmentally Sensitive Sea Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22

Grs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Grass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J v
Est . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Estuary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
grt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gross Register Tonnage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
exper. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Experimental. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gross Tonnage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Explos . . . . . . . . . . . .Explosive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 10
gty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gritty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J am
Exting, exting . . . . . . .Extinguished . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 55

gy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bb
F
H
F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fixed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.1
H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Helicopter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 1.4
f . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 30
h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 39
F Fl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .)L[HGDQGDVKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.10
h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 49
F Gp Fl . . . . . . . . . . . .Fixed and Group Flashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P f

HAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Highest Astronomical Tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 3
Facty. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Factory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E d
Hbr Mr. . . . . . . . . . . . .Harbormaster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 60
FAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fish Aggregating Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

HHW . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Higher High Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H b
Fd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fjord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hulk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F34, K 21, 22
Feb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .February . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FISH . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 21
hor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Horizontally disposed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15
Fl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Flashing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.4
Hor CL . . . . . . . . . . . .Horizontal clearance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 21
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Flood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H q
Hosp . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hospital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E g, F 62.2
Fla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Flare stack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 11

hr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 49
107
hrd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 39
Le . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ht. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H p
LLW . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lower Low Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H e
HW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .High Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H a
Lndg. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Landing for boats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 17
HWF&C . . . . . . . . . . .High Water Full & Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H h

LNG . . . . . . . . . . . . . ./LTXHHG1DWXUDO*DV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hertz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B g
LoLo . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Load-on, Load-off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I
Long. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Longitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 2
IALA . . . . . . . . . . . . . .International Association of Lighthouse Authorities*. . . . . . . . . . Q 130

LPG . . . . . . . . . . . . . ./LTXHHG3HWUROHXP*DV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IHO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .International Hydrographic Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lrg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Large . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ai
illum . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Illuminated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 63
LS S . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Life saving station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 12
IMO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .International Maritime Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bc
In. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Inlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lt Ho . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Light house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 1
in, ins . . . . . . . . . . . . .Inch(es). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B c

Lt, Lt(s) . . . . . . . . . . .Light(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 1
Inst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E n
Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Limited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E r
INT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .International . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 2, T 21
LW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Low Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H c
Intens . . . . . . . . . . . . .,QWHQVLHG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 46
LWD . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Low Water Datum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H d
IQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Interrupted quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.6

LWF&C . . . . . . . . . . . .Low Water Full and Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H i
ISLW . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Indian Spring Low Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H g

M
Iso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Isophase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.3

M. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mud, muddy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 2
ITZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,QVKRUH7UDIF=RQH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 25.1

M. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nautical mile(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 45
IUQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Interrupted ultra quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.8

m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Medium (in relation to sand) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 31
IVQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Interrupted very quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.7

m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Meter(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 41
J
m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Minute(s) of time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 50
Jan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .January. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mattes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ag
Jul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .July . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
mag. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Magnetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 61
Jun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .June . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Magz. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Magazine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E l
K
Maintd. . . . . . . . . . . . .Maintained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 65
K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Kelp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J u
Mar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .March . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
kc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Kilocycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B k
Mc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Megacycles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B l
kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Kilohertz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B h
Mds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Madrepores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J j
km . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Kilometer(s). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 40
MHHW . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Higher High Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 13
kn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Knot(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 52
MHLW. . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Higher Low Water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 14
L
MHW. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean High Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 5
L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lake, loch, lough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MHWN . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean High Water Neaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 11
L Fl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ./RQJDVKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.5
MHWS . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean High Water Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 9
La . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lava . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J l
Mi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nautical mile(s). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 45
Lag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lagoon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
min . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Minimum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 46.2
LANBY . . . . . . . . . . . .Large Automatic Navigational Buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 6

min . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Minute(s) of time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 50
LASH . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lighter Aboard Ship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 101
LAT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lowest Astronomical Tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 2

Ml . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Marl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J c
Lat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Latitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 1
MLHW. . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Lower High Water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 15
Ldg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Landing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 17
MLLW . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Lower Low Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 12
Ldg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Leading Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 20.3

MLW . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Low Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 4
*Now known as the International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities, the organization formerly called the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities/Association Internationale de Signali
sation Maritime (IALA/AISM) continues to use IALA as an abbreviation for its full name.
108
MLWN. . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Low Water Neaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 10

PA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Position approximate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 7
MLWS . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Low Water Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 8

Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Passage, Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Millimeter(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 44
Pav . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pavilion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E p
Mn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Manganese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J q
PD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Position doubtful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 8
Mo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Morse Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.9, R 20

Pk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Peak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MON, Mon . . . . . . . . .Monument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 24

PLT STA . . . . . . . . . . .Pilot station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 3
MR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Marine Reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22
Pm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pumice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J m
MRCC. . . . . . . . . . . . .Maritime Rescue and Coordination Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3RVWRIFH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 63
Ms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mussels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J s
Po . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Polyzoa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ad
MSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Sea Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 6

pos, posn . . . . . . . . . .Position. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mountain, Mount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Post Off. . . . . . . . . . . .3RVWRIFH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 63
Mth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mouth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Priv, priv . . . . . . . . . . .Private . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 65, Q 70
MTL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Tide Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H f

Prod well . . . . . . . . . .Production well. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 20
N
PROHIB . . . . . . . . . . .Prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 2.2
N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .North . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 9
PSSA . . . . . . . . . . . . .Particularly Sensitive Sea Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22
N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 20
Pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pteropods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ac
NE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 13
Pyl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pylon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 26
NGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . .National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Q
NM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nautical miles(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 45
Q. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.6
NMi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nautical miles(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 45

QTG . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Service providing DF signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15
No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 12.2

Quar . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Quarantine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F e
NOAA . . . . . . . . . . . . .National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. . . . . . . . . . .

Qz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Quartz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J g
NOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .National Ocean Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

R
Nov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .November . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Coast radio station providing QTG service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15
Np . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Neap tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 17
R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Radio Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15
NT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Net Tonnage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Red. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.2
NTM . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Notice to Mariners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

R, r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rock, Rocky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 9.1, K b
NW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Northwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 15
R Bn . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Circular radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 10
NWS SIG STA . . . . . .National weather service signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 29

R Lts . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Air obstruction lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 61.2
O
R Mast . . . . . . . . . . . .Radio mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 28
Obs Spot. . . . . . . . . . .Observation spot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 21

R Sta. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Radio Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15
OBSC, Obscd . . . . . .Obscured. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 43

R Tower . . . . . . . . . . .Radio tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29
Obstn . . . . . . . . . . . . .Obstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 41
R TR, R Tr . . . . . . . . .Radio tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29
Oc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Occulting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.2

Ra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 31-32, S 1
Occas. . . . . . . . . . . . .Occasional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 50
Ra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Radar reference line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 32.1
Oct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .October. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ra (conspic) . . . . . . . .Radar conspicuous object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 5
ODAS . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ocean Data Acquisition System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 58

Ra Ref . . . . . . . . . . . .5DGDUUHHFWRU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 4
Or . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Orange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.7
Racon. . . . . . . . . . . . .Radar transponder beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 3
OVHD . . . . . . . . . . . . .Overhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 28
Radar Sc. . . . . . . . . . .Radar scanner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.3
Oys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oysters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J r
Radar Tr, RADAR TR Radar tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.2
P
Ramark . . . . . . . . . . . .Radar marker beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 2
P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pebbles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 7
RC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Circular radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 10
P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pillar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 23
RD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Directional radiobeacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 11
(P). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Preliminary (NTM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Radiolaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ab
109
Rd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Road, roadstead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Spherical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 22
rd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ay
Sp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .spire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 10.3
RDF . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5DGLRGLUHFWLRQQGLQJVWDWLRQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 14
Sp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Spring tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 16
Ref . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Refuge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 124

Spg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sponge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J t
Rep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Reported. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 3
Spi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Spicules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J x
Rf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Reef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Spipe, Spipe . . . . . . .Standpipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 21
RG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5DGLRGLUHFWLRQQGLQJVWDWLRQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 14
spk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Speckled. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J al
Rk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 9.1, K b
SPM . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Single Point Mooring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12
Rky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rocky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 9.1

SS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 20-36
RoRo . . . . . . . . . . . . .Roll-on, Roll-off Ferry (RoRo Terminal) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 50

St . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Stones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 5
rt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rotten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aj
St M, St Mi . . . . . . . . .Statute mile(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B e
Ru, (ru). . . . . . . . . . . .Ruin, ruined. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 8, E 25.2, F33

STA, Sta . . . . . . . . . . .Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 41.1, S 15, T 3
RW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rotating-pattern radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 12
stf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Stiff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 36
S
Stg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sea-tangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J w
S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 1
stk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sticky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 34
S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 11
Str . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Strait . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Spar, spindle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 24
Str . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H l
s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Second(s) of time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 51, P 12

str . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Streaky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ak
SALM . . . . . . . . . . . . .Single Anchor Leg Mooring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12

sub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Submarine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K d
SBM . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Single Buoy Mooring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 16

Subm . . . . . . . . . . . . .Submerged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 43.1
Sc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Scanner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.3
SW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Southwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 16
Sc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Scoriae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J o
sy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sticky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 34
Sch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Schist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J h
T
Sch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E f
T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Short ton(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B m
SD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sailing Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Telephone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E q
Sd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TRUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 63
SD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sounding doubtful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 2

T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tufa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J n
SE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Southeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 14
t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ton(s), Tonnage (weight) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 53, F 53
sec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Seconds of time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 51

Tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Telegraph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 27
Sep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .September . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tel off . . . . . . . . . . . . .7HOHJUDSKRIFH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E k
sf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Stiff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 36
Temp, temp . . . . . . . .Temporary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 54
sft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Soft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 35
ten. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tenacious . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aq
Sh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 11
Tk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 32
Shl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Shoal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TR, Tr, Trs . . . . . . . . .Tower(s). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 10.2, E 20
Si . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Silt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 4
TSS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7UDIF6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 20.1
Sig . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Signal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 1, T 25.2

TT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tree tops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 14
Sig Sta . . . . . . . . . . . .Signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 20

TV Mast . . . . . . . . . . .Television mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 28
S-L Fl . . . . . . . . . . . . .Short-Long Flashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P b

TV Tower . . . . . . . . . .Television tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29
S/M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sand over mud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 12.1

U
sml . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Small. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ah
ULCC . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ultra Large Crude Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SMt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Seamount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Uncov . . . . . . . . . . . . .Uncovers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 11
Sn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Shingle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J d
unev . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Uneven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bf
so . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Soft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 35
Univ . . . . . . . . . . . . . .University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E h
Sp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Church spire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 10.3

UQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ultra quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.8
110

UTC . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Coordinated Universal Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UTM . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Universal Transverse Mercator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
V
v . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Volcanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 37
var, VAR . . . . . . . . . . .Variation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 60
vard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Varied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J be
vel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Velocity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H n
vert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Vertically disposed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15
Vert CL . . . . . . . . . . . .Vertical clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D20, 28
Vi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Violet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.5
Vil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Village . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 4
VLCC . . . . . . . . . . . . .Very Large Crude Carrier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G 187
vol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Volcanic, Volcano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 37
Vol Ash . . . . . . . . . . . .Volcanic ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J k
VQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Very quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.7
VTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9HVVHO7UDIF6HUYLFH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 12
W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.1
Wd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Weed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 13.1
Well . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Wellhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 21
WGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .World Geodetic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 50
Wh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ar
Whf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Wharf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 13
WHIS, Whis . . . . . . . .Whistle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 15
Wk, Wks. . . . . . . . . . .Wreck(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 20
Wtr Tr, WTR TR . . . . .Water tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 21
Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Yellow, Orange, Amber. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.6-11.8

yd, yds . . . . . . . . . . . .Yard(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B d
yl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aw
s, sec . . . . . . . . . . .Microsecond(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B f
111
Index
A B Boat harbor, marina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 11.1

Accurate position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 32 Band, S & X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 3.1-3.2 Boom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 29.1
Aerial Bar code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A d international . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 40-41
cableway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 25 Barge buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 53 Boulders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 9.2
dish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 31 %DUUDJHRRG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 43 international . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 40-41
Aero light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 60 Barrel buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 25 mark, monument. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 24
Aeronautical radiobeacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 16 Barrier Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 17
Air obstruction light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 61.1-61.2 RDWLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 29.1, N 61 Breakwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 4.1-4.3
$LUHOG. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 17 oil retention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 29.2 Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 20-24
Airport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 17 security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 61, Q q bascule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 23.4
AIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 17.2-17.2 Bascule bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 23.4 draw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 23.6
All-round light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 42-43 Basin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 27-28 lifting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 23.3
Alternate course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M c Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 34.3 OLJKWWUDIFVLJQDO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 25.2
Alternating light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.11 %DWWHU\IRUWLFDWLRQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 34.3 passage signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 25.1
Amber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.8 Beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 80-126 pontoon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 23.5
Anchor berth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 11.1-11.2 articulated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 5 swing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 23.2
Anchorage buoyant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 5 transporter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 24
areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 10-14 leading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 102.2, 120 under construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D d
buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q j lighted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 3-5 Broken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 33
for sea-planes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 14 marking a clearing line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 121 Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J az
Anchoring prohibited. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 20 marking measured distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 122 Buddhist temple, shrine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 16
Annual change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 66 on submerged rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 83 Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 2, 5-6, 8
Anomaly, magnetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B 81.1-82.2 radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 2-3.6 Buoyage system, IALA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 130-130.6
Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 31 radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 10-16 Buoyant beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 5
Apartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E s resilient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 5 Buoys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 20-71
Apparent shoreline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C p topmarks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 9-11, 102.1 cardinal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.3
Approximate towers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 3, Q 110-111 isolated danger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.4
depth contour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 31 Bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 62 lateral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.1
height of top of trees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 14 Being reclaimed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 31 marking outfall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 57
position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 7, 33 Bell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 14 marking recreation zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 62
topographic contour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 12 buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q a, R 21 PDUNLQJWUDIFVHSDUDWLRQVFKHPH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 61
vertical clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D i on land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T a mooring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 40-45
Aquaculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 44.1-48.2 Benchmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 23 safe water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.5
Archipelagic Sea Lane (ASL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 17 Berth VFLHQWLFPRRULQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q r
Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N anchor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 11.1-11.2 special purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 50-63
pipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L40.2, L41.2 designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 19.1, N 11.1-11.2, Q 42 Buried pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 42
restricted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 14, N 2.1 visitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 19.2 Bushes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C o
to be avoided . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 14, 29.1-29.2 yacht . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 11.2 C
wire drag. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 24 Bifurcation buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q h Cable
Articulated Loading Column (ALC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12 Bird sanctuary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 22.1 buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 55
$UWLFLDOLVODQG. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 15 Black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . j as, Q 2 distance, unit of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 46
Ash, volcanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J k Blind, duck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K j-k ferry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 51
Astronomical tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 2-3 Blockhouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 34.2 landing beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 123
$XWRPDWLF,GHQWLFDWLRQ6\VWHP$,6WUDQVPLWWHU . . . . . . S 17.2-17.2 Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J au, P 11.4 overhead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 26-27, H 20
Awash, rock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 12, a Board (leading beacon) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 102.2 submarine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L30.1-32
Boarding place, pilot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 1.1-1.4 Cableway (aerial) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 25
112
Index
Cairn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 100
Cleared platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 22
topographic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 10-12, H 20
Caisson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 42
Clearing line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 2
Control point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B 20-24
Calcareous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 38
Clearing line beacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 121
Conversion scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A a
Calling-in point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 40.1

Cliffs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 3
Conveyor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F g
Calvary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 12
Coal head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J i
Copyright note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 5
Camping site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 37.1-37.2

Coarse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 32
Coral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J 10, 22, K 16, h
Can buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 21
Coast
Coral reef
Canal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 40
DW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 5
always covers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 16
distance mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 25.1-25.2

radar station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 1
covers and uncovers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 22
Candela . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 54
radio station providing QTG service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15
detached. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K h
Capitol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E t
steep. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 3
Coralline algae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 10
Cardinal Marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.3

Coast Guard station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 10-11
Corner coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 9
Cargo transhipment area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 64

Coastline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 1-8
Corporation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E v
Castle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 34.2
surveyed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 1
Courthouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E o
Casuarina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 31.6
unsurveyed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 2
Covers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 21-22, K 11, 16, 21
Cathedral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 10.1
Cobbles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 8
Crane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 53.1-53.3
Causeway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 3
Colored mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 101
Crib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K i-j, L 43, b
Cautionary notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 16
Colored topmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 102.1
Cross . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 12
Cemetery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 19
Colors
Crossing gates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 22
Centimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 43
beacons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 2-5
&URVVLQJWUDIFVHSDUDWLRQ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 23
Chalk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J f
buoys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 2-5
Cubic meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B b
Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 21-23
lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11
Cultivated
Chapel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 11
topmarks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 2-5
HOGV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C l
Chart
COLREGS demarcation line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N a
VKHOOVK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 47
datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 3, H 1, 20
Columbia River Datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H j
Cultural Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D
number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 1- 2
Column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 24
Cupola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 10.4
reference to another . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 18-19

Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E u
Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 42-43
scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 13
Compass rose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 70
diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H t
title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 10
Composite
in restricted waters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 42
Chemical dumping ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 24

JURXSDVKLQJ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.4
meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 59
Chemical pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L40.1-40.2

group-occulting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.2
Customs
Chimney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 22
Conical buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 20
house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 61
Chocolate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ba
Conifer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 31.3, j
limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 48
Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 10.1
Consol beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 13
RIFH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 61
dome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 10.4
Conspicuous landmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 2
Cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 14
spire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 10.3
Conspicuous, radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 5
Cycles per second . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B j
tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 10.2
Container crane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 53.2
Cylindrical buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 21
Cinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J p
Contiguous zone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 44
Cypress buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C r
Circular (non-directional) aeromarine radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . S 10

Continental shelf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 46
D
Circular (non-directional) marine radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 10

Continuous
Dam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 44
Cirripedia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ae
quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.6
Danger
Clay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 3
ultra quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.8
ULQJDUHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 30, Q 50, 125
Clearance
very quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.7
isolated mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.4
horizontal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 21
Contour
line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 1
safe vertical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 26, i

depth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 30-31
signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 35
vertical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 20, 23.4, 23.6-28

drying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 30
zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 50
113
Index
Dangerous
Development area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 4
Duck blind. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K j-k
rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 13, 14.2

Deviation Dumping ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N c, d, g
wreck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 28
dolphin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 21
chemical waste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 24
Dark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bd
magnetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 67
explosives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 23.1-23.2
Data collection buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 58

DGPS correction transmitter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 51
Dunes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 8
Datum
Diaphone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 11
E
chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 1, 20
Diatoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aa
East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 10
land survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 7
Diffuser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 43
cardinal mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.3
sounding reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 1
Dike . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 1
Ebb tide stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 41
Daymark (dayboard). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 10, 80-81, 110, l

Direction
Eddies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 45
Daytime light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 51
of buoyage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.2
Edition note. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 6
Deadhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 43.2
QGLQJUDGLRVWDWLRQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 14
Eelgrass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J t
Decayed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J an
RIRZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 44
Elevation of light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 20, P 13
Deciduous
light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 30.1-31
Ellipsoid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 3
tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 31.1
RIWUDIF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 10, 11, 26.1-26.2, 40.1
Embankment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 15
woodland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C i
Directional radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 11
Emergency wreck marking buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 63, Q 130.6
Decimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 42
Directions, compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B
Entry prohibited area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 2.2, 31
Decreasing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 64
Discolored water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K e
Environmentally Sensitive Sea Area (ESSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22
Deep water
Dish aerial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 31
(VWDEOLVKHGPDQGDWRU\GLUHFWLRQRIWUDIFRZ . . . . . . . . . . . . M 10, d
anchorage area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 12.4

Disposition of lights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15
Eucalypt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 31.8
route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 27.1-27.3
Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B
Evergreen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 31.2
Degaussing range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 25
along waterway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 25.1-25.2
Example of
buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 54
measured, beacons marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 122
conspicuous landmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 2
Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 4, n
Distress signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 26
fog signal descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 20-22
Depth
Disused
full light description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 16
charted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 20
pipeline/pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 44
landmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 1
contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 30
platform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 14
routing measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 18-29.2
maintained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 23
submarine cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 32
Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 47
minimum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 46.2, M 27.2

Diurnal tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 30
Exercise area, submarine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 33
observed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 20
Dock
Existence doubtful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 1
out of position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 11
dry, graving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 25
Explanatory notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 11, 16
safe clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 3, 30, f

RDWLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F26
Explosive fog signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 10
swept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 24, a, b, K 2, 27, 42, f

wet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 27
Explosives
units used for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A b

Dolphin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 20-21
anchorage area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 12.7
unknown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 3, 13, 23, 28, 30, 40, L 21.1

Dome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.4
dumping ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 23.1-23.2
Depths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I
Doubtful
Extinguished light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 55
Derrick, oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 10
depth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 2
Extraction area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 63
Designation of
existence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I l
F
beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 10
position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 8
Factory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E d
berth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 19.1
Draft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 6, N 12.4
Faint sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 45
buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 11
area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 20-23
Fairway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 18
platform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 2
channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 20-23
Falling tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 30
reporting point. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 40.1

Dredging (extraction) area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 63
Farm
tidal stream, position of tabulated data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 46

Drying
marine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 48.1-48.2
transit shed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 51
contour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 30
wave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 6
Detector light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 62
height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 20, I 15
wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 5.2
114
Index
Fast ice, limit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 60.1

Fog DVKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.4
Fathom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 48
detector light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 62
occulting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.2
Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 47
light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 52
quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.6
Fence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D g
signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
VKRUWDVKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P c
Ferry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 50-51
Foot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 47
very quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.7
terminal, RoRo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 50
Footbridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D e
Gulf Coast Low Water Datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H k
Filao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 31.7
Foraminifera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J y
Gulf Stream limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H u
Fine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 30
Foreshore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C c
Gun. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 10
Fireboat station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T c
Form lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 13
H
Firing
Fort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 34.2
Hachures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C f
danger area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 30
)RUWLHGVWUXFWXUH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 34.1
Harbor
danger area beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 125

Foul
installations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 10-34
danger area buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 50

area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K o
limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 49
practice signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 36

ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 31.1-31.2
PDVWHUVRIFH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 60
Fish
Front light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 23
Harbors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F
haven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 46.1-46.2
Fucus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J af
Hard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 39
marine farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 48.1-48.2

Full Moon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H s
+HDOWKRIFH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 62.1
trap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 44.2-45, Q i
G
Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H p
weir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 44.2
Gable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E i
datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 7, 20
Fishery zone limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 45

Gas
drying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 20, I 15
Fishing
pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L40.1
light (elevation of) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 20, P 13
harbor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 10
pipeline area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L40.2
rocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 10-11
OLPLWVKWUDSDUHDV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N b
*DVHOG1DPH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 1
spot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 10-11, 13, H 20
prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 21.1
Gate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 42
of structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 4-5
stakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 44.1
Geographical Positions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 1-16
tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 20, P 13
Fixed
Glacial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ap
of top of trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 14
bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 22
Glacier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 25
of wellhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 21.3
DVKLQJDQG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.10, d
Globigerina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J z
Hertz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B g
light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P10.1
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A e
High Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 20, a
point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 22
Gong. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 16, Q b
High Water Full and Charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H h
Flagstaff, Flagpole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 27
Government House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E m
Higher High Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 20, b
Flare stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 23, L11

Grass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C s, J v
Highest Astronomical Tide (HAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 3
Flashing light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.4

*UDVVHOGV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C m
Highway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 10
Flat coast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 5
area with . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 20
markers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D a
Flinty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ao
Gravel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C c, J 6, 20
Hillocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 4
Float . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q s
Graving dock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 25
Horizontal
Floating
Gray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bb
light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15
barrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 29.1. 29.2

Green . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J av, P 11.3, Q 2
Horizontal clearance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 21
dock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 26
Greenwich Meridian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 3
Horizontally disposed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15
oil barrier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 29.1

Gridiron. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 24
Horn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 13
wind farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 5.2

Gritty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J am
Hospital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E g, F 62.2
wind turbine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 5.1

Groin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 6.1, 6.3
Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 49
Flood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H q
Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J a
Hulk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 34, K 20-21, 23
barrage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 43
tackle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 42
I
tide (stream) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 40
Group
IALA Maritime Buoyage System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130
)ORRGOLWRRGOLJKW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 63
[HGDQGDVKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P d
115
Index
Ice Landing
range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 14
boom. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 61
beacon (cable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 123
sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 40.1-46
fast (ice front) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 60.1

boats, for. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 17
special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 60-66
sea ice (pack ice) seasonal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 60.2

seaplanes, for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 13
structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 1-7
signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 30
stairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 18
synchronized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 66
Illuminated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 63
Landmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E
times of exhibition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 50-55
Imprint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 4
Lane, submarine transit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 33
vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 6
Inadequately surveyed area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 25

Large . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ai
Light characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.1-10.11
Inch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B c
Large Automatic Navigational Buoy (LANBY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 6, f
Lighted
Incineration area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 65
Lateral marks (IALA System) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.1
beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 4, Q o
Increasing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 65
Latitude. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 1
beacon tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 3
Indian Spring Low Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H g

Lattice beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 111
marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 7-8
,QVKRUHWUDIF]RQH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 25.1-25.2
Lava . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 26, J 9, l
mooring buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 41
Installations, offshore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L
Layout of chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A
offshore platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 2
Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E n
Leading
Lighthouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 1
Intake pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L41.1-41.2, b

beacons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 120
Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P
Intense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 46
lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 20.1-23
Lights exhibited only when specially needed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 50
,QWHQVLHGVHFWRU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 46
line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 1
Lights in line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 21
Intermittent river . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 21
Least depth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 26-27, 30
Lights Marking Fairways. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 20.1-23
International
in narrow channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 12
Lights with limited times of exhibition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 50-55
boundary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 40-41
Leisure facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U
Limit of
chart number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 2
Levee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 1
airport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N e
meridian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 3
Lifeboat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 12-13
area feature in general . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C q
nautical mile, sea mile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 45

mooring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 13
area into which entry is prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 2.2, 31
Interrupted light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 12
contiguous zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 44
quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.6
Lifting bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 23.3
continental shelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 46
ultra quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.8

Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bc
danger line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 1
very quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.7

arc of visibility, with restricted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 44
development area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 4
Intertidal area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 20-22

character. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.1-11.8
dredged area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 20
,VODQGDUWLFLDO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L15
chart limits, off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 8
Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 47
Isogonic lines (Isogonals) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 71

color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 11.1-11.8
fast ice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 60.1
Isolated danger mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.4

description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 16
VKHU\]RQH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 45
Isophase light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.3

direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 30.131
VKLQJDUHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N b
J
disposition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15
Gulf Stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H u
Jetty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 14, a-c

elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 13
nature reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22
Joss house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 15
exhibited only when specially needed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 50
no discharge zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N i
K
faint sector, with . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 45
restricted area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 14, N 2.1
Kelp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 13.1-13.2, u
RDW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 6, Q 30-31
routing measure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 14-15
Kilocycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B k
in line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 21
safety zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 3
Kilohertz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B h
LQWHQVLHGVHFWRUZLWK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 46
sea ice (pack ice) seasonal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 60.2
Kilometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 40
landmarks, on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 7
unsurveyed area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 25
Knot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 52, H o
leading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 20.1-23
Limited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E r
L PDMRURDWLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 6
Linear scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A14-15
Lake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 23
marking fairway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 20.1-23
Local magnetic anomaly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B 81.1-82.2
LANBY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 6, f
Moir effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 31
Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 41.1-41.2
Land survey datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 7, 20

period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 12
signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 24
116
Index
Log pond. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 61
Marl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J c
pile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 22
/RQJDVKLQJOLJKW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.5
Marsh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 33
post. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 22
Longitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 2
Mast
Minute
Lookout
radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.1
arc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 5
pilot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 2
radio, television. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 28
time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 50
station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T e
wreck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 25
Mixed bottom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J 12.2
Low water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 20, c

Mattes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ag
Moir effect light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 31
line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 30
Maximum
Mole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 12
Lower light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 23
authorized draft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 6
Monument. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 24
Lower low datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H d

speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 27
Moored storage tanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 17
Lower low water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H e

Mean
Mooring
Lower water full & change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H i

High Water (MHW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 5, 20, 30
berth number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 42
Lowest Astronomical Tide (LAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 2

High Water Neaps (MHWN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 11
canal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F f
M
High Water Springs (MHWS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 9
ground tackle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 18, Q 42
Madrepores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J j
Higher High Water (MHHW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 13, 30
life boat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 13
Magazine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E l
Higher Low Water (MHLW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 14
numerous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 44
Magnetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 61
Low Water (MLW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 4, 20, 30
VFLHQWLFPRRULQJEXR\ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q r
anomaly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 82.1-82.2
Low Water Neaps (MLWN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 10
Single Buoy (SBM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 16
compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 60-82.2
Low Water Springs (MLWS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 8
Single Point (SPM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12
variation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B 60, 68-71

Lower High Water (MLHW). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 15
trot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 42
Main light visible all-round . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 42

Lower Low Water (MLLW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 12, 20, 30
visitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 45
Maintained depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 23
Sea Level (MSL). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 6, 20
buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 40-45
Major
tide level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H f
lighted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 41
RDWLQJOLJKW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 6
Measured Distance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 122
tanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 16
light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 1
Medium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 31
telegraphic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 43
light off chart limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 8

Megacycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B l
telephonic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 43
Manganese. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J q
Megahertz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B i
Morse Code
Mangrove . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 32
Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 41
fog signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R a
Marabout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 18
Microsecond . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B f
light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.9
Marginal notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A
Mid-channel buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q e
Mosque. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 17
Marina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 11.1
Mile
Motorway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 10
facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U a
nautical (sea mile) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 15, B 45
Mud. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 2
Marine
statute. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 25, e
Muslim shrine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E a
farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 48.1-48.2
three nautical mile line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N h
Mussels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J s
reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 22.3
Military area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 30-34
N
Maritime limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 1.1-1.2

Millimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 44
National
Marker ship buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 52

Minaret . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 17
limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 40-49
Marks
Mine (explosive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 23.1
park. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22
cardinal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.3
Mine (ore extraction). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 36
Natural
colored . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 101
0LQHHOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 34
features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C
isolated danger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.4

Mine-laying practice area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 32
watercourse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 16
lateral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.1
Minor
Nature
lighted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 7-8
impermanent marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 90-92
reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22
minor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 90-102.2
light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 1, note after P 6
of the seabed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J
safe water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.5

OLJKWRDWV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 30-31
Nautical mile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 45
special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.6
marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 100-102.2
Nautophone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 13
117
Index
Neap tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 10-11, 17, 30-31

installation buoy, Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring (CALM) . . . . . L 16
Pipeline
Nets, tunny . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 44.2-45

pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 40.1
buried . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 42.1
New
pipeline area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 40.2
land, on. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 29
edition date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 6
2LOHOGZLWKQDPH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 1
overhead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 28
moon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H r
One-way track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 5.1-5.2, 27.3
submarine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 40.1-44
Nipa palm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 31.5

Ooze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J b
tunnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 42.2
No anchoring area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 20
Opening bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 23.1
Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 2, 10,13-14, 22, P 2
No bottom found . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 13
Orange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ax, P 11.7
cleared . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 22
No discharge zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N i
Ordnance, unexploded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K p
submerged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K l
Non-dangerous wreck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 29
Outfall
Point
Non-directional radiobeacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 10
buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 57
base point for territorial sea baseline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 42
Non-tidal basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 27
pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L41.1-41.2
[HG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 22
North. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 9
Overfalls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 44
Single Point Mooring (SPM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12
cardinal mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.3

Overhead
symbols, position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B 32-33
Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 13
cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 27
triangulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 20
Northwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 15
pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 28
Pole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 90
Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 11, 16
transporter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 25
Police station, marine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T b
Notice board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 126, T d

Oysters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J r
Polyzoa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ad
Notice to mariners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 7
P
Pontoon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 16
Nun buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 20
Pack ice, limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 60.2
bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 23.5
O
Pagoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 14
Port
Obelisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 24
Painted board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 102.2
pilotage service, with . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 4
Obscured sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 43
Palm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 31.4
signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T 21-23
Observation
Park ranger station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T g
Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F
platform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 13
Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22
Position
spot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 21
Patent slip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 23
accurate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 2, E 2
Obstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 40-48.2
Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 12
approximate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 7, E 2
light, air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 61.1-61.2

Pavilion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E p
of buoy or beacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 1
Occasional light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 50
Pebbles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 7
doubtful. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 8
Occulting light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.2

Perch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 91
of fog signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 1
Ocean current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 43
Period of light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 12
of pilot cruising vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 1.1-1.3
ODAS buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 25, Q 58

Pictorial sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 3.1-3.2
tidal levels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 47
2IFH
Pier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 14
tidal stream data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 46
customs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 61
promenade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 15
Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B
harbor masters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 60
ruined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 33.2
symbolized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 30-33
health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 62.1
Pile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 22
Post . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 22, K 43.1
pilot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 2-3
submerged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 43.1-43.2
RIFH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 63
quarantine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F e Pillar
submerged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 43.1
Offshore buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 23
Power
Installations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L
monument. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 24
overhead cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 26, H 20
platform, lighted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 2
Pilot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T 1-4
submarine cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 31.1-31.2
position, tidal levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 47

boarding place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T 1.1-1.3
transmission line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D h
Ogival buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 20
helicopter transfer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 1.4
Practice area (military) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 30-34
Oil
look out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 2
Precautionary area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 16, M 24
barrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 29.1-29.2
RIFH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T 2-3
Preferred channel buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.1
derrick. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 10
Pilotage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T 1-4
118
Index
Private WUDQVSRQGHUEHDFRQVRQRDWLQJPDUNV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S 3.6

Research platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 13
buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 70
tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29
Reservation line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N f
light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 65
Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 10-18.2
Reserve fog signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 22
Production
GLUHFWLRQQGLQJVWDWLRQ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 14
Reserved anchorage area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 12.9
platform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 10
mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 28
Resilient beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 5
well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 20
reporting line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 40.2
Restricted
Prohibited
reporting point, calling-in or way point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 40.1
area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 14, N 2.1, 20-27
anchoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 20
station, QTG service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15
light sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 44
area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 2.2, 31
Radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S 10-16
5HWURUHHFWLQJPDWHULDO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 6
diving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 21.2
Radiolaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ab
Riprap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P a
VKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 21.1
Radome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.4
River . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 20
Promenade pier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 15
Railway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 13, b
intermittent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 21
Protective structures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 1-6.3

station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 13
Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 10-11
Pteropods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ac
Ramark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 2
Rock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 9.1, K 10-15, a-b
Public Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 60-63

Ramp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 23
Rocket station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 12
Publication note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 4
Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 14
Rocky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 9.1
Pumice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J m
Rapids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 22
area which covers and uncovers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 21
Pump-out facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F d
Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H n
Roll-on, Roll-off ferry terminal (RoRo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 50
Pylon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 26, E 29
Rear light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 22
Rotating-pattern radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 12
Q
Reclamation area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 31
Rotten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aj
QTG service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15
Reclamation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 31
Roundabout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 21, d-e
Qualifying Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 30-39

Recommended
Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 27.1-28.2
Quarantine
deep water track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 27.3, a-b
Routing Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 18-29.2
anchorage area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 12.8

GLUHFWLRQRIWUDIFRZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 11, 26.1- 26.2, 28.1
Rubble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C e
EXLOGLQJKHDOWKRIFH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 62.1
route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 28.1
Ruin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 8, F 33.1
RIFH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F e
track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 3-4, 6
Ruined
Quarry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 35.1-35.2
Recreation zone buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 62
landmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 8
Quartz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J g
Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J ay, P 11.2, Q 3
pier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 33.2
Quay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 13
Reed beds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 33
S
Quick light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 10.6

Reef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 22, K 16, g-h
Safe
R
Reference to
clearance depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 3, 30, f
Races . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 44
adjoining chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 19
vertical clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 26, i
Racon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 3
charted units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A b
water mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.5
Radar
larger-scale chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 18
Safety
beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 2-3.6
5HHFWRUUDGDU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 10-11, S 4
fairway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 18
conspicuous feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 5
Refuge
zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 3
dome (radome) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 30.4

beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 124
Sailing club . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 11.3
mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 30.1
for shipwrecked mariners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 14
Salt pans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 24
range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 31
Regions, IALA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.1
Sand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 1
reference line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 32.1-32.2

Relief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 10-14
Sandhills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 8
UHHFWRU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 10-11, S 4
Reported
Sandwaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 14
scanner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 30.3
anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 10
Sandy shore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 6
station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 1
danger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 4
Satellite Navigation Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S 50-51
surveillance system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 30-32.2

depth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 3.1-4
Scale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A13-15
tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 30.2
Reporting, radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 40.1-40.2
Scanner, radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.3
transponder beacon, racon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 3

Rescue station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 11-12
Schist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J h
119
Index
School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E f
Shoal sounding on rock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K b
ground buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 56
Scoriae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J o
Shore, shoreline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 1-8
Sponge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J t
Scrubbing grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 24
6KRUWORQJDVKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P b
Spot height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 11-13, H 20
Sea
Signal
Spring
ice limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 60.2

fog. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 16, 30-31
mile (nautical mile) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 15, B 45

stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 20-36
seabed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 15
Seabed, types of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 1-15, a-bf

Silo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 33
Square
Seal
Silt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 4
meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B a
chart producer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 12
Single
shaped beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q l
sanctuary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 22.2
Anchor Leg Mooring (SALM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12
Stake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 43.2, Q 90
Seaplane
Buoy Mooring (SBM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 16
Station
anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 14
Point Mooring (SPM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12
Coast Guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 10-11
anchorage buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 60
Sinker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K n
coast radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 30, S 1
landing area, operating area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 13

Siren . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 12
DGPS, providing corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 51
Seasonal
Sketches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 3.1-3.2
QTG, providing radio service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15
buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 70-71
Slack water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 31
radar surveillance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 30
sea ice limit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 60.2

Slipway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 23
UDGLRGLUHFWLRQQGLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 14
Sea-tangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J w
Small. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ah
railway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 13
Seawall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 2.1-2.2
Small craft
rescue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T 11-12
Seaward limit of
leisure facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U
signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T 20-36
contiguous zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 44
mooring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 44
tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 30
territorial sea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 43
Snag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 43.2
Statue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 24
Second
Soft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 35
Statute mile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B e
of arc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 6
Sounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 10-16
Steep coast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 3
of time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 51
doubtful depth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 2
Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 18
Sector lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 40.1-46

out of position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 11
Sticky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 34
See adjoining chart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 19

unreliable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 14
Stiff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 36
Semaphore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T f
Source diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 17
Stock number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A d
Semi-diurnal tide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 30
South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 11
Stones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 5
Separation
cardinal mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.3
area with . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 20
line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 12
Southeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 14
Stony shore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 7
scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 10-13, 20.1-29.2, d

Southwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 16
Storage tanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 17
zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 13
Spar buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 24
Storm signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 28
Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T
Special
Straight territorial sea baseline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 42
Settlements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 1-8
lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 60-66
Streaky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ak
Sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L41.1-41.2
marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.6
Stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 20, H l, I c
Shading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C g
purpose beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 120-126
tidal signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 34
Shapes of buoys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 20-26

purpose buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 50-63
tidal table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 31, 46
Shark nets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 61
Speckled. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J al
tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 40-41
Shed, transit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 51
Speed limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 27
Street . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 7
Sheerlegs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 53.3
Spherical buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 22
Street . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 7
6KHOOVKEHG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 47
Spicules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J x
Strip light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 64
Shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J 11
Spindle buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 24
Stumps of piles/posts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 43.1-43.2
Shingle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J d
Spire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 10.3
Submarine
Shingly shore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 7
Spoil
cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L30.1-32
Shinto shrine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 15
ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 62.1-62.2
cable area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L30.2
120
Index
exercise area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 33 Telegraphic mooring buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 43 Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 12, M 1-6, 27

pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L40-44 Telephone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E q 7UDIF
power cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L31.1 line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 27 separation scheme (TSS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 10-15, 20-26.2
power cable area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L31.2 Telephonic mooring buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 43 basic symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 10-15, d
transit lane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 33 Television buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 61
volcano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K d mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 28 example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 20.1-29.2, f
Submerged station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 27 signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 21-22, 25.1
crib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K i tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29 surveillance station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 30
duck blind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K k Temple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 13 Training wall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 5
jetty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F b Temporary Transhipment
platform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K l buoy (seasonal) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 71 area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 64
production well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 20 light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 54 facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 50-53.3
rock, beacon on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 83 Tenacious . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aq Transit
well (buoyed) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L a Terms relating to tidal levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 1-17, a-k lane (submarine). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 33
wreck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 22-23 Territorial sea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 42-43 line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 2
Subsidiary light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 42 Tidal shed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 51
Subsurface Ocean Data Acquisition System (ODAS) . . . . . . . . . L 25 basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 28 Transmission line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 26-27, h
Sunken harbor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 28 Transmitter, AIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 17.1-17.2
danger (swept). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K f levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 1-17, 20 Transponder beacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 3.1-3.6
wreck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K c stream Transporter
Superbuoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 26 signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 34 bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 24
Supply pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 40.1-40.2 station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 46 overhead (aerial cableway) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 25
Surveyed table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A g, H 31 7UDSVK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 44.2-45, i
coastline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 1 table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 31 Travelling crane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 53.1
inadequately . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 25 streams and currents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 40-47 Trees
Suspended well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L21.1-21.2 table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 30 height of top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 14
Swamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 33 Tide types of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 31-32, i-k
Swept gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T 32.1-32.2 Triangular shaped beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q l
area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 24, b level terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 1-17, a-k Triangulation point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 20
channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I a rips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 44 Trot, mooring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 42
wire drag, by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 2, 27, 42, f scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 32.1 True . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 63
Swing bridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 23.2 signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 33 True (compass). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 63
Swinging circle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 11.2 Timber yard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 52 Tufa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J n
Symbolized positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B 30-33 Time Tun buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 25
Synchronized light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 66 signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 31 Tunnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 16
T units of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 49-51 pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L42.2
Tanker Tomb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E b Tunney nets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 44.2-45
anchorage area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 12.5 Ton, tonnage, tonne (weight) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B 53, m area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 45
CALM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 16 Topmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 9-11, 102.1 Turbine
storage, moored . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 17 Tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 20 wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 26.1, L 5.1
Target buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 51 beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 3, Q 110-111 underwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 24
Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 32 church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 10.2 Two-way
Target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 51 radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.2 route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 27.2, 28.1-28.2
Telegraph radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29 track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 4, 5.2
line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 27 television. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29 Tyfon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 13
station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 27 water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 21
121
Index
Types of W
under construction, works in progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 32
fog signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 10-16

Wall, training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 5
World Geodetic System (WGS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 50
seabed, intertidal areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J 20-22 Warehouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 51

Wreck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 20-30, c
U Water
buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q h
Ultra quick light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.8 discolored . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K e

emergency wreck marking buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 63, Q 130.6
Uncovers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 11, 21, h features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 20-26

mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 25
Under construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 30-32 intake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 41.1-41.2

Y
Underwater pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L40.1, 41.1
Yacht
installations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L20-25
pipeline area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L40.2, L41.2
berths without facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 11.2
rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 13-15
tank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 21
club . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 11.3
turbine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 24
tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 21
Yard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B d
Uneven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J bf
Waterfalls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 22
timber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 52
Unexploded ordinance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K p
Watermill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E c
Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aw, P 11.6
Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A b, B 40-54
Wave
Z
University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E h
actuated fog signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 21-22
Zone
Unsurveyed
farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 6
Exclusive Economic (EEZ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 47
coastline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 2
recorder buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 59
VKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 45
depths. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 25
Way point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 40.1
LQVKRUHWUDIF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 25.1-25.2
Unwatched, unmanned light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 53, e

Weather signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 29
seaward, contiguous. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 44
Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 7
Weed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 13.1-13.2
separation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 13, 20.1-20.3, e
Upper light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 22
:HLUVK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 44.2
Urban area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 1
Well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E e
V
submerged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L a
Variation, magnetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 60, 68.1-71

suspended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 21
Varied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J be
production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 20
Various limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 60.1-65

Wellhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L21.3, 23
Vegetation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 30-33, i-t

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 12
Velocity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H n
cardinal mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130.3
Vertical
Wet dock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 27
clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 20, 23.4, 23.6-28

Wharf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 13
color stripes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 5
Whistle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 15
lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15
buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q c
Vertically disposed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15
White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ar, P 11.1
Very quick light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.7
Wind
Vessel, light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 6
farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 26.2, L5.2
Viaduct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D f
signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 29
Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 3.1-3.2
turbine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 26.1, L5.1
Village . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 4
Windmill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 25.1-25.2
Violet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J at, P 11.5

Withy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 91-92
Virtual AIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S 18.1-18.2

Woodland
Visitors
coniferous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C j
berth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 19.2
deciduous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C i
mooring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 45
Woods, wooded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 30
Volcanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 37
Works
ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J k
at sea, (reclamation area). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 31
Volcano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K d
on land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 30
122
123
Appendix 1 IALA Maritime Buoyage System
Region A
Lateral Marks
Port Hand Starboard Hand Preferred Channel Preferred Channel

to Starboard to Port
BUOYAGE BUOYAGE
DIRECTION DIRECTION
red Color green red with one green horizontal band Color green with one red horizontal band
cylindrical (can), pillar, spar Buoy conical (nun), pillar, spar cylindrical (can), pillar, spar Buoy conical (nun), pillar, spar
single red cylinder (can) Topmark (if any) single green cone, point upward single red cylinder (can) Topmark (if any) single green cone, point upward
Lights (if any): may have any phase characteristic other than that used for preferred channels /LJKWVLIDQ\DUHFRPSRVLWHJURXSDVKLQJ
Quick Flashing Fl (2+1)
Flashing
Long Flashing
Group Flashing
124
IALA Maritime Buoyage System Appendix 1
Region B
Lateral Marks
Port Hand Starboard Hand Preferred Channel Preferred Channel

to Starboard to Port
BUOYAGE BUOYAGE
DIRECTION DIRECTION
green Color red green with one red horizontal band Color red with one green horizontal band
cylindrical (can), pillar, spar Buoy conical (nun), pillar, spar cylindrical (can), pillar, spar Buoy conical (nun), pillar, spar
single green cylinder (can) Topmark (if any) single red cone, point upward single green cylinder (can) Topmark (if any) single red cone, point upward
Lights (if any): may have any phase characteristic other than that used for preferred channels /LJKWVLIDQ\DUHFRPSRVLWHJURXSDVKLQJ
Quick Flashing Fl (2+1)
Flashing
Long Flashing
Group Flashing
125
Appendix 1 IALA Maritime Buoyage System
Cardinal Marks in Regions A and B

/LJKWVZKHQWWHGDUHZKLWH
E
W
N
VQ
or Q
POINT OF
W INTEREST E
VQ (9) 10s VQ (3) 5s
or Q (9) 15s or Q (3) 10s

SW
SE
VQ (6) + L Fl 10s
or Q (6) + L Fl 15s
126
IALA Maritime Buoyage System Appendix 1
Regions A and B
Isolated Danger Marks Safe Water Marks Special Marks
Color black with one or more red horizontal band(s) Color red and white vertical stripes Color yellow
RSWLRQDOEXWQRWFRQLFWLQJZLWKODWHUDOPDUNV
Buoy Buoy spherical, pillar or spar Buoy RSWLRQDOEXWQRWFRQLFWLQJZLWKODWHUDOPDUNV
pillar or spar preferred
Topmark (if any) DOZD\VWWHGZLWKGRXEOHVSKHUHV Topmark (if any) single red sphere Topmark (if any) single yellow X shape
Lights (if any) Lights (if any) Lights (if any)
Color white Color white Color yellow
Rhythm JURXSDVKLQJ Rhythm Iso Rhythm Fl Y
Oc Fl (4) Y
L Fl 10s May have any rhythm other than those used for
white lights on cardinal, isolated danger or safe
Morse A water marks.
127
128
Record of Corrections
Notice No. Corrected on Corrected by Notice No. Corrected on Corrected by Notice No. Corrected on Corrected by
129
Section Key
INT 500
A &KDUW1XPEHU7LWOHDQG0DUJLQDO1RWHV 412
Mercator Projection
6FDOHDW/DW 7th Ed., Mar. 5/09 DEPTHS IN METERS
B
350
0
0 10
3RVLWLRQV'LVWDQFHV'LUHFWLRQVDQG&RPSDVV LOCAL MAGNETIC ANOMALY
(see note)
C 1DWXUDO)HDWXUHV Marsh
clr 20.0 FIXED BRIDGE
D &XOWXUDO)HDWXUHV Tel HOR CL 25 FT

VERT CL 20 FT
E /DQGPDUNV TANK (202)
F Ports 1
Overhead power
Tide rips 10 11 0 cable
kn 9 1
H
3.
0 2.5 kn Tides and Currents
(see Note)
8
7
6 5 4
3
2
Charted vertical
clearance
Safe vertical clearance
(magenta)
15 89 Unsurveyed
I
'HSWKV 30 FEET
APR 2011 10
119 13 12 10
13
17
J Nature of the Seabed Gravel Rock
K Rocks, Wrecks and Obstructions 35 Rk Crib
Name
L Offshore Installations Fl.Y Prod Well Pipe
(cov 24ft) Crib Well
DW
M
Tracks and Routes
Ra
VHF 80
Disposal Area 92
N $UHDVDQG/LPLWV Log boom

Depths from survey
of 2010 85
RED
P
/LJKWV
Fl.WRG.4s
21m 18-12M
GREEN
Bn
Q R
Buoys and Beacons RG Bn
R
Q(6)+LFI 15s
R
)RJ6LJQDOV
BELL HORN(1) 15s
WHIS
Fl 3s 70m 29M
SIREN Mo(N) 60s
CONSOL Bn
S Radar, Radio and Satellite Navigation Systems 190 kHz

MMF
T Services NWS SIG STA
U 6PDOO&UDIW/HLVXUH)DFLOLWLHV

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U.S. Chart No.

Corrected through LNM Nov. 12, 2013

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Document Sections and ECDIS Pages Symbol Sections

NAVIGATION AIDS AND SERVICES

INFORMATION ON SELECTED CHART FEATURES

CORRECTIONS AND COMMENTS

D Reference to Supplementary national symbols at the end of each section

E Cross-reference to terms in other sections

3 Column 3: Description of symbol, term, or abbreviation

6 ** Column 6: Representation used to portray ENC data on ECDIS

7 ** Column 7: Description of ECDIS symbols

1 Chart number in national chart series

3 Reference ellipsoid of the chart

4 Publication note (imprint)

6 Date of current edition

7 Notice to Mariners corrections

8 Dimensions of inner borders

Explanatory notes on chart construction,

etc. To be read before using chart.

Scale of chart. Some charts have scale

Published at Washington, D.C.

Chart Number, Title, Marginal Notes

Cautionary notes (if any). Information

Source Diagram (if any). Navigators

18 Reference to a larger scale chart

Reference to an adjoining chart of

Reference to the units used for depth

d Bar code and stock number

Glossary: Translation of words on chart

g Tidal and Tidal Stream information

Point feature or area of

Sounding of low accuracy

Point feature or area of

Sounding of low accuracy

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS

21 Observation spot Obs Spot

24 Boundary mark Bdy Mon

Symbolized Positions (Examples)

Point symbols: accurate

Point symbol: approximate ECDIS indicates approximate position only for

Units Supplementary national symbols: am

International nautical mile(s)

46 Cable(s) (0.1M) cbl

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS

50 m min Minute(s) of time

51 s sec Second(s) of time

53 t Ton(s), Tonnage (weight)

Magnetic Compass Supplementary national symbols: n

60 Variation var VAR Varn Magnetic variation

Cursor pick site for

Note of magnetic variation, in

Note of magnetic variation, out

Magnetic variation (example):

Isogonic lines, Isogonals

Cursor pick site for

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS

Local magnetic anomaly:

Local magnetic anomaly:

Supplementary National Symbols

j Cycles/second cps c/s

m Ton(s) (U.S. short ton) (2,000lbs) T

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS

n 3DGG\ULFHHOGV

5RDGV5DLOZD\V$LUHOGV Supplementary National Symbols: ac