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COMPOSITION GRAPH
need
a) Vapour pressure of A in pure state
b) Vapour pressure of B in pure state
4. Example, let Mole fraction of A
Pure vapour pressure
A 250 mm Hg
B 205 mm Hg
205
Mole fraction of A
Composition of Vapour
=
+
=
+
Vapour
pressure 2. The more volatile components will distill
Pure A over first.
3. The liquid left in the flask gets richer in the
less volatile component.
Composition of the 4. Finally, it too is distilled over.
Pure
vapour has more A
B P 5. Principle of fractional distillation
is collected.
d) As more and more A is distilled over, the b) Let the partial pressure of benzene PB and
b) If the mole fraction of benzene equals that and that of methylbenzene is 0.73 in the
= 232 mm Hg
Question 2
NON-IDEAL MIXTURES
Heptane and hexane when mixed, forms an
ideal mixture. If the vapour pressure of pure 1. A non-ideal mixture is a mixture whose
heptane and pure hexane is 365 mm Hg and strength of the intermolecular forces
118 mm Hg respectively at 40C, calculate the between the two component molecules
vapour pressure of a mixture containing 0.6 is not the same as the strength of the
moles of heptane and 0.7 moles of hexane. intermolecular forces in the respective
pure components.
2. As a result of this, the vapour pressure
Answer of the non-ideal mixture does not vary
linearly with mole fraction at a constant
Using Raoults law
temperature.
Pheptane = X heptane Pheptane 3. The vapour pressure of a non-ideal
positive deviation from Raoult's law if its than the predicted vapour pressure by
P total
=
``
112.5 (3.01 104 )
=
18 (7.09 104 )
= 72.6%
Test Power 2
3.70
100%
3.70 +
Let A = organic compound and B =
water
3.70 Using
= 100%
3.70 + 1
=
= 78.7 %
27 2.8 103
=
73 18 98.2 103
Test Power 3
Thus = 233.5
A mixture of an organic compound and
Test Power 4
steam were distillated out at 90.8C and
101 kPa. It is found that the distillate A mixture of an organic compound and steam
contain 27% of the organic compound were distillated out at 80C and 101.3 kPa. It is
by mass. If the vapour pressure of water found that the distillate contain 75 % of the
organic compound by mass. If the vapour
is 98.2 kPa at 90C, calculate the
pressure of water is 98 kPa at 80C, calculate
the relative molecular mass of the organic
compound.
Answer
Using
25 3.3 103
=
75 18 98 103
Thus = 178.2
Test Power 5