Social Studies Practices: Vertical Articulation Grades K-12

Gathering, Using, and Interpreting Evidence

K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-12
Ask questions. Develop questions Develop questions Develop questions Develop questions Develop questions to Develop and frame Define and frame Define and frame Define and frame
about his/her family. about the community. about a world about New York State, help identify evidence questions about topics questions about the questions about the questions about
community. its history, geography, about topics related to related to historical United States that can United States and events and the world
economics, and the historical events events occurring in the be answered by answer them by in which we live,
government. occurring in the Eastern Hemisphere gathering, using, and gathering, using, and form hypotheses as
Western Hemisphere that can be answered interpreting evidence. interpreting evidence. potential answers to
that can be answered by by gathering, using, these questions, use
gathering, using, and and interpreting evidence to answer
interpreting evidence. evidence. these questions, and
consider and analyze
counterhypotheses.
Recognize forms of Recognize different Recognize different Recognize and use Recognize, use, and Recognize and Identify, effectively Identify, select, and Identify, describe, and Identify, describe,
evidence used to make forms of evidence used forms of evidence used different forms of analyze different forms effectively select select, and analyze evaluate evidence about evaluate evidence about and evaluate
meaning in social to make meaning in to make meaning in evidence to make of evidence to make different forms of different forms of events from diverse events from diverse evidence about
studies. social studies (including social studies (including meaning in social meaning in social evidence used to make evidence used to make sources (including sources (including events from diverse
sources such as art and primary and secondary studies (including studies (including meaning in social meaning in social written documents, written documents, sources (including
photographs, artifacts, sources such as art and primary and secondary primary and secondary studies (including studies (including works of art, works of art, written documents,
oral histories, maps, and photographs, artifacts, sources such as art and sources such as art and primary and secondary primary and secondary photographs, charts and photographs, charts and works of art,
graphs). oral histories, maps, and photographs, artifacts, photographs, artifacts, sources such as art and sources such as art and graphs, artifacts, oral graphs, artifacts, oral photographs, charts
graphs). oral histories, maps, and oral histories, maps, and photographs, artifacts, photographs, artifacts, traditions, and other traditions, and other and graphs, artifacts,
graphs). graphs). oral histories, maps, and oral histories, maps, primary and secondary primary and secondary oral traditions, and
graphs). and graphs). sources). sources). other primary and
secondary sources).
Identify the author or Identify the creator Identify and explain Identify and explain Identify and explain Identify evidence and Identify evidence and Analyze evidence in Analyze evidence in Analyze evidence in
creator of a book or and/or author of creation and/or creation and/or creation and/or explain content, explain content, terms of historical terms of historical terms of content,
map. different forms of authorship, purpose, authorship, purpose, authorship, purpose, authorship, purpose, authorship, point of context, content, and/or social context, authorship, point of
evidence. and format for and format for and format for and format; identify view, purpose, and authorship, point of content, authorship, view, bias, purpose,
evidence. evidence. Where evidence. Where bias; explain the role of format; identify bias; view, purpose, and point of view, purpose, format, and
appropriate, identify appropriate identify bias and potential explain the role of bias format; identify bias; and format; identify audience.
point of view. point of view and bias. audience with teacher and potential audience. explain the role of bias bias; explain the role of
support. and audience in bias, context, and
presenting arguments or audience in presenting
evidence. arguments or evidence.
Identify opinions Identify opinions of Identify arguments of Identify arguments of Identify arguments of Identify arguments of Describe arguments of Describe and analyze Describe and analyze Describe, analyze, and
expressed by others. others. others. others. others. others. others. arguments of others arguments of others evaluate arguments of
with supports. considering historical others.
context.
Identify inferences. Identify inferences. Identify implicit ideas Identify implicit ideas Make inferences and Make inferences and Make inferences and
to draw inference with and draw inferences draw general draw conclusions from draw conclusions from
support. with support. conclusions from evidence. evidence.
evidence.
Create understanding of Create understanding of Create understanding of Create understanding of Create understanding of Recognize arguments Recognize arguments Recognize an argument Recognize an argument Deconstruct and
the past. the past by using the past by using the past by using and the past by using and on specific social on specific social and identify supporting and identify evidence construct plausible and
primary and secondary primary and secondary analyzing primary and analyzing primary and studies topics and studies topics and evidence related to a that supports the persuasive arguments
sources. sources. secondary sources. secondary sources. identify evidence identify evidence to specific social studies argument related to using evidence.
supporting the support the argument. topic. Examine specific social studies Create meaningful and
argument. Examine arguments arguments related to a topic. Examine persuasive
related to a specific specific social studies arguments related to a understandings of the
social studies topic topic from multiple specific social studies past by fusing disparate
K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-12
from multiple perspectives; recognize topic from multiple and relevant evidence
perspectives. that the perspective of perspectives; from primary and
the arguments author deconstruct arguments, secondary sources and
shapes the selection of recognizing the drawing connections to
evidence used to perspective of the the present.
support it. argument and
identifying evidence
used to support that
perspective.
 Chronological Reasoning and Causation
K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-12
Retell an important life Retell a real-life family Retell a community Explain how three or Explain how events are Explain how events are Identify ways that Identify how events are Articulate how events Articulate how events
event in sequential event in sequential event in sequential more events are related related chronologically related chronologically events are related related chronologically are related are related
order. order. order. to one another. to one another. to one another in time. chronologically to one to one another in time chronologically to one chronologically to one
another in time. and explain the ways another in time and another in time and
in which earlier ideas explain the ways in explain the ways in
and events may which earlier ideas and which earlier ideas and
influence subsequent events may influence events may influence
ideas and events. subsequent ideas and subsequent ideas and
events. events.
Understand the Understand the Understand the Employ mathematical Employ mathematical Employ mathematical Employ mathematical Employ mathematical Employ mathematical
concept of time concept of time concept of time skills to measure time skills to measure time skills to measure time skills to measure time skills to measure time skills to measure time
measurements measurements, measurements in years and centuries. in years and centuries. in years and centuries. by years, decades, by years, decades, by years, decades,
including days and including days, weeks, including minutes, Understand the Understand the centuries, and centuries, and centuries, and
weeks. months and years. hours, days, weeks, difference between difference between millennia; to calculate millennia; to calculate millennia; to calculate
months, years. B.C.E. and C.E. B.C.E. and C.E. time from the fixed time from the fixed time from the fixed
Identify the Identify the points of the calendar points of the calendar points of the calendar
chronological chronological system (B.C.E. and system (B.C.E. and system (B.C.E. and
significance of data significance of data C.E.); and to interpret C.E.); and to interpret C.E.); and to interpret
presented in time lines presented in time lines. the data presented in the data presented in the data presented in
with teacher support. time lines with teacher time lines. time lines.
support.
Identify causes and Identify causes and Identify causes and Identify causes and Identify the Identify causes and Identify causes and Identify causes and Identify causes and Identify causes and
effects using an effects using examples effects using examples effects using examples relationship between effects using examples effects from current effects using examples effects using examples effects using
example from his/her from his/her family from his/her family life from his/her life or multiple causes and from current events or events or grade-level from current events, from current events, examples from
family life. life. or from the from a current event or multiple effects using grade-level content and content and historical grade-level content, grade-level content, different time periods
community. history. examples from his/her historical events. events. and historical events. and historical events. and courses of study
life and from a current across several grade
event or history. levels.
Identify and classify Identify and classify Identify and analyze Identify, analyze, and Identify, analyze, and
the relationship the relationship the relationship evaluate the evaluate the
between multiple between multiple between multiple relationship between relationship between
causes and multiple causes and multiple causes and effects. multiple causes and multiple causes and
effects. effects. effects. effects.
Distinguish between Distinguish between Distinguish between Distinguish between Distinguish between Distinguish between
long-term and long-term and long-term and long-term and long-term and longterm and
immediate causes and immediate causes and immediate causes and immediate causes and immediate causes and immediate causes and
effects of an event effects of an event effects of an event effects of an event effects of an event multiple effects (time,
from his/her life or from current events or from current events or from current events or from current events or continuity, and
current events or history. history. history. history. change).
history.
Identify change over Identify change over Identify changes over Recognize continuity Recognize dynamics of Recognize the Recognize and analyze Recognize, analyze, Recognize, analyze, Recognize, analyze,
time in his/her life. time in his/her family. time in his/her and change over historical continuity dynamics of historical the dynamics of and evaluate dynamics and evaluate dynamics and evaluate
community. periods of time. and change over continuity and change historical continuity of historical continuity of historical continuity dynamics of
periods of time. over periods of time. and change over and change over and change over historical continuity
Identify important periods of time. periods of time. periods of time. and change over
turning points in Identify the role of periods of time and
history. turning points as an investigate factors
important dynamic in that caused those
historical change. changes over time.
 K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-12
Identify events of the Identify events of the Identify events of the Recognize periods of Use periods of time Use periods of time Compare histories in Recognize that Recognize that Recognize that
past, present, and past, present, and past, present, and time such as decades such as decades and such as decades and different places in the changing the changing the choice of specific
future in his/her life. future in his/her family future in his/her and centuries. centuries to put events centuries to organize a Eastern Hemisphere periodization affects periodization affects periodizations favors
life. community life. into chronological historical narrative; utilizing time lines. the historical narrative. the historical narrative. or advantages one
order. compare histories in Identify ways that narrative, region, or
different places in the changing periodization group over another
Western Hemisphere affects the historical narrative, region, or
utilizing time lines. narrative. group.
Identify routines and Recognize and identify Recognize and identify Recognize and identify Recognize and identify Recognize and identify Identify the Identify patterns of Relate patterns of Relate patterns of
common occurrences patterns of continuity patterns of continuity patterns of continuity patterns of continuity patterns of continuity relationships of continuity and change continuity and change continuity and change
in his/her life. in his/her family. and change in and change in world and change in New and change in history. patterns of continuity as they relate to larger to larger historical to larger historical
communities. communities. York. and change to larger historical process and processes and themes. processes and themes.
historical processes themes.
and themes.
Understand the role of Understand that Identify models of Identify and describe Describe, analyze,
periodization as a historians use historical periodization models of historical evaluate, and
practice in history and periodization to that historians use to periodization that construct models of
social studies. categorize events. categorize events. historians use to historical
Describe general categorize events. periodization that
models of historians use to
periodization in categorize events.
history.
 Comparison and Contextualization
K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-12
Identify similarities Identify similarities Identify similarities Identify a world region Identify a region in Identify a region in the Identify a region in the Identify a region of Identify a region of the Identify similarities
and differences and differences and differences by describing a New York State by Western Hemisphere Eastern Hemisphere colonial North United States by and differences among
between home and between between communities. characteristic that describing a by describing a by describing a America or the early describing multiple geographic regions
school. neighborhoods. places within it have in characteristic that characteristic that characteristic that United States by characteristics across historical time
common. places within it have in places within it have in places within it have describing multiple common to places periods, and relate
common, and then common, and then in common, and then characteristics within it, and then differences in
compare it to other compare it to other compare it to other common to places identify other similar geography to different
regions. regions. Understand regions. within it, and then regions inside the historical events and
how regions can be identify other similar United States. outcomes.
defined as sharing regions (inside or
common outside the continental
characteristics in United States) with
contrast with other similar characteristics.
regions.
Identify similarities Identify similarities Identify similarities Identify multiple Identify multiple Categorize divergent Categorize and Identify and categorize Identify and compare Identify, compare, and
and/or differences and/or differences and/or differences perspectives by perspectives from a perspectives of an evaluate divergent multiple perspectives multiple perspectives evaluate multiple
between him/her and between him/her and between his/her comparing and historical event. individual historical perspectives of an on a given historical on a given historical perspectives on a given
others. others with detail. community and other contrasting peoples event. individual historical experience. experience. historical experience.
communities. point of view in event.
differing world
communities.
Describe an event in Describe an event in Describe an event in Describe a historical Describe and compare Describe and compare Describe and compare Describe, compare, Describe, compare, Describe, compare,
his/her life. his/her family. his/her community. event in a world New York State events in the history of multiple events in the and evaluate multiple and evaluate multiple and evaluate multiple
community. historical events. the Western history of the Eastern historical historical historical
Hemisphere in Hemisphere in developments in the developments in developments (within
societies in similar societies in similar United States in societies, and across societies; across and
chronological contexts chronological contexts various chronological and between societies, between societies; in
and in various and in various and geographical in various various chronological
geographical contexts. geographical contexts. contexts. chronological and and geographical
geographical contexts. contexts).
Understand the Recognize the Recognize the Recognize the Identify how the Identify how the Identify how the Describe the Recognize the
concepts of geography, relationship among relationship among relationship among relationship among relationship among relationship among relationship between relationship between
economics, and history geography, economics, geography, economics, geography, economics, geography, economics, geography, geography, economics, geography, economics, geography, economics,
that apply to his/her and history in his/her and history in world and history in social and history helps to economics, and and history helps to and history as a and history as a
family. community. communities. studies. define a context for history helps to define define a context for context for events and context for events and
events in the study of a context for events in events in the study of movements in the movements and as a
the Western the study of the United States. United States. matrix of time and
Hemisphere. Eastern Hemisphere. place.
Describe a historical Describe a historical Describe historical Describe historical Describe historical Connect historical Connect historical Connect historical
development in his/her development in a developments in New developments in the developments in the developments to developments to developments to
community with world community with York State with history of the Western history of the Eastern specific circumstances specific circumstances specific circumstances
specific details specific details specific detail Hemisphere with Hemisphere with of time and place and of time and place and of time and place and
including time and including time and including time and specific references to specific references to to broader regional, to broader regional, to broader regional,
place. place. place. circumstances of time circumstances of time national, or global national, or global national, or global
and place and to and place and to processes. processes. processes and draw
connections to broader connections to broader connections to the
regional or global regional or global present (where
processes with teacher processes. appropriate).
support.
K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-12
Understand the role Understand the role Analyze case studies in Identify and compare
that periodization and that periodization and United States history in similarities and
region play in region play in a comparative differences among
developing the developing framework attending to historical
comparison of comparisons. Identify the role of chronology developments over
historical civilizations. general characteristics and sequence, as well time and in different
Identify general that can be employed as categories of geographical and
characteristics that can to conduct comparative comparison or socio- cultural contexts.
be employed to analysis of case studies political components.
conduct comparative in the early history of
analysis of case the United States.
studies in the Eastern
Hemisphere in the
same historical period
with teacher support.
 Geographic Reasoning
K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-12
Ask geographic Ask geographic Ask geographic Ask geographic Use location terms and Use location terms and Use location terms and Use location terms and Use location terms and Ask geographic
questions about where questions about where questions about where questions about where geographic geographic geographic geographic geographic questions about where
places are located and places are located and places are located and places are located and representations, such as representations such as representations such as representations such as representations such as places are located, why
why they are located why they are located why they are located why they are located maps, photographs, maps, photographs, maps, photographs, maps, photographs, maps, photographs, their location is
there using location there using location there using location there using location satellite images, and satellite images, and satellite images, and satellite images, and satellite images, and important, and how
terms and geographic terms and geographic terms and geographic terms and geographic models, to describe models to describe models to describe models to describe models to describe their locations are
representations such as representations such as representations such as representations such as where places are in where places in the where places in the where places in early where places are in related to the location
maps, photographs, maps, photographs, maps, photographs, maps, photographs, relation to each other, Western Hemisphere Eastern Hemisphere are United States history relation to each other, of other places and
satellite images, and satellite images, and satellite images, and satellite images, and to describe connections are in relation to each in relation to each were in relation to each to describe connections people.
models. models. Describe models. Describe models. Describe among places, and to other, to describe other, to describe other, to describe among places, and to
where places are in where places are in where places are in evaluate the benefits of connections among connections among connections among evaluate the benefits of
relation to each other. relation to each other relation to each other particular places for places, and to evaluate places, and to evaluate places, and to evaluate particular places for
and describe and describe purposeful activities. the benefits of the benefits of effectively the benefits purposeful activities.
connections among connections among particular places for particular places for of particular places for
places. places. purposeful activities. purposeful activities. purposeful activities.
Identify natural events Identify human Distinguish human Distinguish human Distinguish human Distinguish human Distinguish human Distinguish human Distinguish human Identify, describe, and
or physical features activities and human- activities and human- activities and human- activities and human- activities and human- activities and human- activities and human- activities and human- evaluate the
such as land, water, air, made features; identify made features from made features from made features from made features from made features from made features from made features from relationships between
and wind. natural events or natural events or environments environments environments environments environments environments people, places, regions,
physical features. physical features. (natural events or (natural events or (natural events or (natural events or (natural events or (natural events or and environments by
physical features physical features physical features physical features physical features physical features using geographic tools
land, air, and water land, air, and water land, air, and water land, air, and water land, air, and water land, air, and water to place them in a
that are not directly that are not directly that are not directly that are not directly that are not directly that are not directly spatial context.
made by humans). made by humans). made by humans) in the made by humans) in made by humans) and made by humans) and
Western Hemisphere. the Eastern Hemisphere describe the describe the
and identify the relationship between relationship between
relationship between human activities and human activities and
human activities and the environment. the environment.
the environment.
Describe how Describe how Describe how his/her Describe how human Identify how Identify and describe Identify and describe Identify and analyze Identify and analyze Identify, analyze, and
environment affects environment affects actions affect the activities affect the environments affect how environments how environments how environments how environments evaluate the
his/her activities. his/her and other environment of the environment of a world human activities and affect human activities affect human activities affect human activities affect human activities relationship between
peoples activities. community; describe community; describe how human activities and how human and how human and how human and how human the environment and
how the environment of how the environment of affect physical activities affect activities affect activities affect activities affect human activities, how
the community affects a specific world environments. physical environments physical environments physical environments physical environments the physical
human activities. community affects the through the study of through the study of in the United States. in the United States. environment is
human activities in that cases in the Western cases in the Eastern modified by human
community. Hemisphere. Hemisphere. activities, and how
human activities are
also influenced by
Earths physical
features and processes.
Identify a pattern. Identify a pattern and a Recognize a process Recognize a process Recognize relationships Recognize and explain Recognize and explain Recognize and analyze Recognize and analyze Recognize and interpret
process. that applies to that applies to among patterns and how characteristics how characteristics how characteristics how characteristics (at different scales) the
population and a population and a processes. (cultural, economic, (cultural, economic, (cultural, economic, (cultural, economic, relationships among
resulting pattern. resulting pattern. and physical- and physical- and physical- and physical- patterns and processes.
environmental) of environmental) of environmental) of environmental) of
regions affect the regions affect the regions affect the regions affect the
history of societies in history of societies in history of the United history of the United
the Western the Eastern States. States.
Hemisphere. Hemisphere.
 K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-12
Identify a human Describe how human Describe how human Describe how human Describe how human Describe how human Describe how human Characterize and Characterize and Characterize and
activity that changed a activities alter places. activities alter places in activities alter places activities alter places activities alter places activities alter places analyze changing analyze changing analyze changing
place. a community. and regions. and regions. and regions in the and regions in the interconnections among interconnections among interconnections among
Western Hemisphere. Eastern Hemisphere. places and regions. places and regions. places and regions.
Recognize that Describe the spatial Describe the spatial Describe the spatial Recognize and analyze
boundaries and organization of place organization of place organization of place how place and region
definition of location considering the considering the considering the influence the social,
are historically historical, social, historical, social, historical, social, cultural, and economic
constructed. political, and economic political, and economic political, and economic characteristics of
implication of that implication of that implication of that civilizations.
organization. organization. Describe organization. Identify
Recognize that how boundaries and and describe examples
boundaries and definition of location of how boundaries and
definition of location are historically definition of location
are historically constructed. are historically
constructed. constructed.
 Economics and Economic Systems
K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-12
Identify examples of Explain how scarcity Explain how scarcity Examine how scarcity Explain how scarcity Explain how scarcity Explain how scarcity Explain how economic Explain how economic Use marginal benefits
scarcity and choices affects choices made by necessitates decision affects the decisions necessitates decision necessitates decision necessitates decision decisions affect the decisions affect the and marginal costs to
made due to scarcity. families and making; identify the about the use of making; compare the making; employ making; employ well-being of well-being of construct an argument
communities and benefits and costs of resources by people and costs and benefits of examples from the examples from the individuals, businesses, individuals, businesses, for or against an
identify costs and decisions. governments; examine individual and Western Hemisphere to Eastern Hemisphere to and society; evaluate and society; evaluate approach or solution to
benefits associated with the cost and benefits of economic decisions. illustrate the role of illustrate the role of alternative approaches alternative approaches an economic issue.
these choices. economic decisions. scarcity historically and scarcity historically and or solutions to or solutions to
in current events. in current events as economic issues in economic issues in
well; compare through terms of benefits and terms of benefits and
historical examples the costs for different costs for different
costs and benefits of groups of people. groups of people.
economic decisions.
Identify examples of Distinguish between a Describe the resources Identify the variety of Distinguish between the Show examples of Examine the role that Identify examples of Explain the roles of Evaluate the extent to
goods and services. consumer and a used to produce goods resources available in a various types of various types of various types of buyers and sellers in buyers and sellers in which competition
producer and their and provide services in particular world resources (human resources (human resources (human product, labor, and product, labor, and among sellers and
relationship to goods the local community. community used to capital, physical capital, capital, physical capital, capital, physical capital, financial markets. financial markets. among buyers exists in
and services. produce goods and/or and natural resources) and natural resources) and natural resources) specific markets.
provide services. required to produce required to provide have in providing goods
goods and services. goods and services. and services.
Identify what money is Explain how people Describe the role of Identify products found Explain the role of Provide examples of Compare market Describe the role that Describe the role of Analyze the ways in
and how it is used in earn money and other banks, saving, and in world communities money in making how currency makes economies to other competition had in the competition in the which incentives
society. ways people receive borrowing in the and the various ways exchange easier; exchange easier by economic systems in determination of prices determination of prices influence what is
money. economy. people in those examine the role of comparing a barter the Eastern and wages in the United and wages in a market produced and
communities pay for corporations and labor economy to a currency- Hemisphere. States; identify other economy. distributed in a market
products. unions in an economy. based economy; factors that helped to system.
examine why determine prices.
corporations and labor
unions have a role in a
market economy.
Describe the goods and Examine the goods and Explain why Examine the role of job Examine the role of job Examine the role of Examine the role of Describe concepts of
services that people in services provided by individuals and specialization and trade specialization and trade institutions such as joint institutions such as property rights and rule
the local community world communities; businesses specialize historically and during historically and during stock companies, banks, corporations, non-profit of law as they apply to
produce and those that describe what goods and trade. contemporary times in contemporary times in and the government in organizations, and labor a market economy.
are produced in other and services a world the Western the Eastern the development of the unions in a market.
communities. community trades with Hemisphere. Hemisphere. United States economy.
other world
communities.
Explain the meaning of Explain the meaning of Provide examples of Examine data on the Use appropriate data to Use economic
unemployment. unemployment, unemployment, state of employment, evaluate the state of indicators to analyze the
inflation, income, and inflation, total unemployment, employment, current and future state
economic growth in the production, income, and inflation, total unemployment, of the economy.
economy. economic growth in production, income, and inflation, total
economies in the economic growth in the production, income, and
Eastern Hemisphere. economy. economic growth in the
economy.
Identify goods and Explore the types of Explain the ways the Describe government Describe government Explain how Explain how Analyze government
services that governments in world government pays for the decisions that impact decisions that impact government policies government policies economic policies and
government provides communities and goods and services it economies in case economies in case affected the economies affect the economy. the impact on the
and the role of taxes. services they provide to provides, including tax studies from the studies from the Eastern of colonial North national and global
citizens. revenue. Western Hemisphere. Hemisphere. America and the early economy.
United States.
 Civic Participation
K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-12
Demonstrate respect for Demonstrate respect for Demonstrate respect for Demonstrate respect for Demonstrate respect for Demonstrate respect for Demonstrate respect for Demonstrate respect for Demonstrate respect for Demonstrate respect for
the rights of others. the rights of others in the rights of others in the rights of others in the rights of others in the rights of others in the rights of others in the rights of others in the rights of others in the rights of others in
discussions regardless discussions and discussions and discussions and discussion and discussion and discussions and discussions and discussions and
of whether one agrees classroom debates classroom debates classroom debates classroom debates classroom debates classroom; respectfully classroom; respectfully classroom; respectfully
with the other regardless of whether regardless of whether regardless of whether regardless of whether regardless of whether disagree with other disagree with other disagree with other
viewpoint. one agrees with the one agrees with the one agrees with the one agrees with the one agrees with the viewpoints. Use viewpoints. Use viewpoints and provide
other viewpoint. other viewpoint. other viewpoint. other viewpoint. other viewpoint. techniques and techniques and evidence for a
Consider alternates Consider alternate strategies to be an strategies to be an counterargument.
views in discussion views in discussion. active and engaged active and engaged
with teacher support. member of class member of class
discussions of fellow discussions of fellow
classmates views and classmates views and
statements with teacher statements.
support.
Participate in activities Participate in activities Participate in activities Participate in activities Participate in activities Participate in activities Participate in activities Participate in activities Participate in activities Participate in activities
that focus on a that focus on a that focus on a that focus on a that focus on a that focus on a localized that focus on a localized that focus on a that focus on a that focus on a
classroom or school classroom or school classroom, school, or classroom, school, or classroom, school, issue or problem in a issue or problem in a classroom, school, classroom, school, classroom, school,
issue or problem. issue or problem. community issue or world community issue community, state, or country other than the country in the Eastern community, state, or community, state, or community, state, or
problem. or problem. national issue or United States in the Hemisphere. national issue or national issue or national issue or
problem. Western Hemisphere. problem. problem. problem.
Identify the elements of Identify different types Identify different types Identify different types Identify and explore Identify and explain Identify and explain Explain differing
the communitys of political systems of political systems of political systems and different types of different types of different types of philosophies of social
political system. found in world used at various times in ideologies used at political systems and political systems and political systems and and political
communities. New York State history various times and in ideologies used at ideologies used at ideologies used at participation and the
and, where appropriate, various locations in the various times and in various times in various times in United role of the individual
in United States history. Western Hemisphere various locations in the colonial and early States history and leading to groupdriven
and identify the role of Eastern Hemisphere United States history explain the role of philosophies.
individuals and key and identify the role of and explain the role of individuals and key
groups in those political individuals and key individuals and key groups in those political
and social systems. groups in those political groups in those political and social systems.
and social systems. and social systems.
Identify the role of the Identify the role of the Identify the role of the Identify opportunities Identify opportunities Identify opportunities Identify and describe Identify, describe, and Identify, describe, and Identify, describe, and
individual in classroom individual in classroom individual in classroom, for and the role of the for and the role of the for and the role of the opportunities for and compare the role of the contrast the role of the contrast the role of the
participation. and school school, and community individual in social and individual in social and individual in social and the role of the individual in social and individual in for social individual in
participation. participation. political participation in political participation in political participation at individual in social and political participation and political opportunities for social
the school, local the school, local, and/or various times and in political participation at and as an agent of participation as an agent and political
community, or world state community. various locations in the various times and in historical change at of historical change in participation in
community. Western Hemisphere various locations in the various times and in different societies and different societies.
outside the United Western Hemisphere. various locations in communities, as well as
States. colonial North America at different times, in the
and in the early history United States.
of the United States.
Show respect in issues Show respect in issues Show respect in issues Show respect in issues Show respect in issues Participate in Participate in Participate in Participate in Participate in
involving difference involving difference involving difference involving difference involving difference negotiating and negotiating and negotiating and persuading, negotiating, persuading, debating,
and conflict. and conflict; participate and conflict; participate and conflict; participate and conflict; participate compromising in the compromising in the compromising in the and compromising in negotiating, and
in the resolution of in negotiating and in negotiating and in negotiating and resolution of resolution of resolution of the resolution of compromising in the
differences and conflict. compromising in the compromising in the compromising in the differences and conflict. differences and conflict; differences and conflict; differences and conflict; resolution of conflicts
resolution of resolution of resolution of introduce and examine introduce and examine introduce and examine and differences.
differences and conflict. differences and conflict. differences and conflict. the role of conflict the role of conflict the elements of debate.
resolution. resolution.
 K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-12
Identify situations in Identify situations in Identify situations in Identify situations in Identify situations in Identify situations with Identify situations with Identify situations in Identify situations in Identify situations in
which social actions are which social actions are which social actions are which social actions are which social actions are a global focus in which a global focus in which which social actions are which social actions are which social actions are
required. required. required. required and suggest required and suggest social actions are social actions are required and determine required and determine required and determine
solutions. solutions. required and suggest required and suggest an appropriate course of an appropriate course of an appropriate course of
solutions. solutions. action. action. action.
Identify the school Identify the president of Identify the community Identify leaders of Identify people in Describe the roles of Describe the roles of Identify how people in Work to influence those Work to influence those
principal and his/her the United States and political leaders (e.g., world communities and positions of power and people in power in the people in power in the power have acted to in positions of power to in positions of power to
role within the school. the school principal and mayor), the governor of the president of the how they can influence Western Hemisphere Eastern Hemisphere extend the concept of strive for extensions of strive for extensions of
their leadership New York, and the United States; identify peoples rights and both historically and both historically and freedom, the practice of freedom, social justice, freedom, social justice,
responsibilities. president of the United similarities and freedom. currently. Identify ways currently. Identify ways social justice, and the and human rights. and human rights.
States and their differences in their that current figures can that current figures can protection of human
leadership roles. influence peoples influence peoples rights in United States
responsibilities. rights and freedom. rights and freedom. history.
Identify and follow Identify rights and Identify rights and Identify rights and Identify rights and Identify rights and Identify rights and Identify how social and Fulfill social and Fulfill social and
rules in the classroom responsibilities in the responsibilities in the responsibilities in the responsibilities as a responsibilities of responsibilities of political responsibilities political responsibilities political responsibilities
and school. classroom and school. classroom, school, and community and citizen in the citizens within societies citizens within societies developed in American associated with associated with
community. compare them to those community and the in the Western in the Eastern society. citizenship in a citizenship in a
in world communities. state. Hemisphere. Hemisphere. democratic society. democratic society and
interdependent global
community by
developing awareness
and/or engaging in the
political process.
Develop an Develop an Develop the Develop the
understanding of the understanding of an connections of an connections of an
interdependence of interdependent global interdependent interdependent global
individuals and groups community by community by engaging community by engaging
in communities in the developing awareness in the political process in the political process
Western Hemisphere. of and/or engaging in as it relates to a local as it relates to a global
the political process as context. context.
it relates to a global
context.