TRAINING MANUAL

FOR
HEALTH
AND
NUTRITION
SUPERVISORS
 CONTENTS
Page No

Purpose of the manual 1

Role and Responsibilities of Facilitators 2

Introduction 4

SECTIONS

Section 1
5

Structure of Health Department 6

Objectives
Structure
Area and population of Punjab
Health Facilities
Health Indicators
Management reforms

Punjab Health Sector Reform Program 9

Objectives
Limitations of Primary Health Care Facilities
Strategy
Important Performance Indicators

School Health Program 11

Objectives
Core components
Program Objectives
Implementation partners
Recruitment of Health & Nutrition Supervisors
Involvement of School teachers
Expected Outcomes

Roles and responsibility of Health and Nutrition Supervisor 14

Programs Need
Job Description
Section 2
16

Functions of BHUs 17
Objectives
Need for BHU
Main Function/Services at BHU
Essential Drugs For BHU
BHU Staff
Standard Equipment And Furniture Of BHU
Reporting And Recording System At BHU
Patient Management
Monitoring and Supervision
Repair And Maintenance of Equipment

Introduction and Job description of MO and other Staff 20

Objectives
Job of medical officer (BHU)
Job of Lady Health Visitor
Job of Medical Technician
Job of Health Technician
Job of dispenser/dresser
Job of Sanitary Inspector
Job of Traditional Birth Attendant

Health and concept of disease 29

Health
New Philosophy Of Health
Disease
Illness

Primary Health Care 31

Introduction
Concept Of Primary Health Care
Essential Components of Primary Health Care Policy

Health Indicators and MDGs 33

Overall National Vision

Health and MDGs

Section 3
35

Health Education 36
 Objectives
Introduction
What is Health Education Program
Reasons and Possibilities For Health Education
Levels of Health Education
Who Should Do Health Education
Whom To Educate

Health Promotion and behavior change 40

Objectives
Basic Theme
The Role of Health Promotion and Behavior Change
Strategies
Priority areas

Communication Skills 44

Objectives
Communication
Elements of communication
Need to communicate
Methods of communication
Channels of communication
Direct/Indirect communication
One /two ways/ interpersonal communication
Non verbal communication
Barriers/Aids to effective communication
Listening skills

Community Mobilization 54

Objectives
Introduction
Phases of Community Mobilization

Section 4
70

Healthy Life style 71

Objectives
Health and Life Style
Habits Which Help to Promote the Health

Safe water supply and sanitation 74

Objectives
Safe Water Supply
 Sources Of Water
Water Pollution
Hazards Of Water Pollution
Purification Of Water On Large Scale
Purification Of water On Small Scale
Surveillance
WHO Standard
Sanitation

Water testing for Arsenic and Coliform Bacteria 86

Objectives
Water Testing For Arsenic
Clinical features Of Arsenicosis
Methods Of Analysis

Growth monitoring 92

Objectives
Definition
Charts

Breast feeding and complimentary feeding 98

Objectives
Breast Feeding
Advantages Of Breast Feeding
Techniques
National Breast Feeding Policy
Complimentary Feeding

Section 5
100

Introduction of Vertical Programs 101

Objectives
Basic Concept
Points To Remember While Implementation
Programs

EPI and seven target diseases 103

Objectives
Facts
Definition
Program Objectives
Immunization schedule
Strategy
Implementation
 Hepatitis Control Program 106

Objectives
Introduction
Strategy

Malaria Control Program 108

Objectives
Introduction
Success of Malaria Control Program

Micronutrients 110

Objectives
Introduction
Iodine
Iron
Vitamin A
Zinc

MNCH Program 116

Objectives
Specific Objectives
Implementation Strategies
Outputs

National Program, Role and responsibility of LHW 118

Objectives
Introduction
Goals
Program Objectives
Implementation Strategies
Management Structure
Scope Of Work For LHWs
MIS Tools Used by LHWs
LHWs Kit

Nutrition And Safe food 121

Objectives
Nutrition
Safe food

Punjab AIDS Control Program 127

Objectives
 Historical Background
HIV/AIDS Basic Facts
Mode of Transmission
Diagnosis Of HIV/AIDS
Case Management
HIV Surveillances Centre

TB DoTs Program 129

Objectives
Strategy
Implementation

Section 6
132

Common Health Problems 133

Objectives
Acute Diarrheal Diseases
Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARI)
Ear Problem
Suspected Meningococcal Meningitis
Suspected Viral Hepatitis
Vomiting
Headaches and Migraines
Cough
Arthritis
Back Pain
Varicose Veins
Swelling Of Feet
Snake Bite
Dog Bite

Communicable Diseases 148

Objectives
Definition
Tuberculosis
Acute Respiratory Infections
Haemophilus Influenza Infection
Malaria
Dengue
STIs
AIDS
Gastroenteritis
 Data Processing 162

Objectives
Data
Categorical
Numerical
Presentation Of Data

Notifiable Disease 168

Objectives
Introduction
Notification

Screening 169

Objectives
Iceberg Phenomenon of Disease
Aims and Objectives
Use Of Screening
Types of Screening
Criterion For Screening
Evaluation Of Screening Test

Section 7
173

Anemia 174

Objectives
Definition
Causes
Age group
Signs
Treatment And Prevention

General Physical Examination 176

Objectives
Examination of Body Parts

Worm infestations 180

Definition
Round Worm
Pin Worm, Thread Worm
Whip Worm
Hook Worm
Tape Worm
 Trichinosis

Section 8
184

Common Eye Problem 185

Objectives
Danger Signs
Injuries to Eyes
Common Disease of Eyes
Keeping The Eyes healthy

Section 9
194

Common ENT disease 195

Objectives
Introduction
How to Examine
Common Diseases Of Ear
Common Diseases Of Nose
Common Diseases of Throat

Section 10
199

Common Skin Disease 200

Objectives
Introduction
General Rules For Treating Skin Problem
Common Skin Diseases

Section 11
211

Oral and Dental hygiene and its problems 212

Objectives
Human teeth and gums
Teaching children at school
School activities for learning about teeth and gums
Common health problems
Dental hygiene