GRFICAS, CLCULOS Y RESULTADOS.

Esquema del sistema utilizado en la prctica.

Datos Experimentales

N TIEMPO(s) Tvapor(C) Tcond (C) Vcond(ml)

1 0 90 19.4 0

2 30 90 17.1 8
3 60 90 16.6 0
4 90 90 16.2 0
5 120 90 18.1 0.5
6 150 91 18.2 0
7 180 92.5 18 1
8 210 93 19.3 0
9 240 94 18.2 0.1
10 270 95.5 18.3 0.1
11 300 95.5 17.1 10
12 330 95.5 16.4 33
13 360 96 17 22
14 390 97 17.9 14
15 420 97.5 18.3 6
16 450 97 18.6 9
17 480 97.5 19.1 8
18 510 97.5 19.2 15
19 540 97.5 19.5 14
20 570 97.5 19.9 13
21 600 97.5 20 18
22 630 97.5 20.2 17
23 660 97.5 20.5 17
24 690 97.5 20.7 22
25 720 97.5 20.8 23
26 750 97.5 21.1 24
27 780 97.5 21.3 11
28 810 97.5 21.1 22
29 840 97.5 21.3 24
30 870 97.5 21.5 22
31 900 98 21.3 24
32 930 99 21.4 21
33 960 99.5 21.9 21
34 990 100 21.6 24
35 1020 100 21.6 23
36 1050 100 21.8 19
37 1080 99.5 21.7 24
38 1110 99.5 21.7 24
39 1140 99.5 21.8 23
40 1170 99.5 21.8 23
41 1200 99.5 21.8 22
42 1230 99.5 21.1 18
43 1260 99.5 21.1 23
44 1290 99.5 22.2 22
45 1320 99.5 22.2 24
46 1350 99.5 22.3 24
47 1380 99.5 22.4 23
48 1410 99.5 22.4 25
49 1440 99.5 22.5 24
50 1470 99.5 22.5 24

Para la determinacin del caudal.

n Volumen (ml) t (min) N Caudal

(m^3/seg)

1 400 7.35 1 0.00090703

2 410 5.06 2 0.00095046
3 410 7.6 3 0.00089912
4 355 6.88 4 0.00085998
5 370 7.2 5 0.00085648
6 385 7.28 6 0.00088141
Grficos, anlisis de las siguientes expresiones.

Grafico 1.1.
Temperatura del sistema como funcin del tiempo

T. sistema(C) vs. tiempo(s)

25

y = -3E-17x6 + 1E-13x5 - 1E-10x4 + 2E-09x3 + 6E-05x2 - 0.0127x + 14.504

R = 0.9919
20

15
T. sisitema (C)

t sist

10 Poly. (t sist)

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
Tiempo(s)

Anlisis.-

Segn el grafico experimental notamos que primeramente la temperatura del sistema se mantiene
constante en 15 C hasta que empieza a condensarse donde el vapor pierde calor, por lo tanto la
temperatura del sistema aumenta, hasta llegar a un punto estacionario.
 Grafica 1.2
temperatura del vapor y del condensado como funcin del tiempo.

120

y = 2E-16x6 - 7E-13x5 + 1E-09x4 - 1E-06x3 + 0.0003x2 - 0.0242x + 90.144

R = 0.9868

100

80
Tvap , Tcond (C)

Tcond (C)
60
Tvapor(C)
Poly. (Tcond (C))
Poly. (Tvapor(C))
40

20

y = -3E-17x6 + 1E-13x5 - 2E-10x4 + 2E-07x3 - 3E-05x2 - 0.0006x + 17.953

R = 0.9053
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
Tiempo(s)

Anlisis..
 Grafica 1.3
Volumen del condensado obtenido en el transcurso de tiempo

35

30

25
Volumen condensado (ml)

20

Vcond(ml)
15

10

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
Tiempo(Seg)

Anlisis.-
3 ajustando las curvas de las variables de temperatura en funcin del tiempo, determinar los
datos corregido e experimentales.

n TIEMPO(s) Tsistema T sistema Tcond. Tcond Tvapor(C) T vapor

(C) corregido (C) corregido corregido
(C) (C)
1 0 14.2 14.233 19.4 16.803 90 88.313
2 30 14.1 14.0094 17.1 19.9791 90 89.2798
3 60 14.1 13.8843 16.6 17.1534 90 90.1614
4 90 14.1 13.8486 16.2 17.3259 90 90.9623
5 120 14.1 13.8935 18.1 17.4966 90 91.687
6 150 14.2 14.0106 18.2 17.6655 91 92.3397
7 180 14.2 14.1921 18 17.8326 92.5 92.9245
8 210 14.2 14.4302 19.3 17.9979 93 93.4453
9 240 14.2 14.7179 18.2 18.1614 94 93.9059
10 270 14.2 15.0483 18.3 18.3231 95 94.3097
11 300 14.2 15.415 17.1 18.483 95.5 94.6601
12 330 15 15.812 16.4 18.6411 95.5 94.9604
13 360 16 16.2336 17 18.7974 96 95.2135
14 390 16.7 16.6745 17.9 18.9519 97 95.4224
15 420 17.3 17.1301 18.3 19.1046 97.5 95.5896
16 450 17.8 17.5956 18.6 19.2555 97 95.7177
17 480 18.2 18.0672 19.1 19.4046 97.5 95.809
18 510 18.6 18.541 19.2 19.5519 97.5 95.8657
19 540 18.8 19.0138 19.5 19.6974 97.5 95.8896
20 570 19.2 19.4826 19.9 19.8411 97.5 95.8827
21 600 19.4 19.945 20 19.983 97.5 95.8466
22 630 19.6 20.3988 20.2 20.1231 97.5 95.7826
23 660 19.9 20.8422 20.5 20.2614 97.5 95.6922
24 690 19.9 21.2739 20.7 20.3979 97.5 95.5762
25 720 20.3 21.6929 20.8 30.5326 97.5 95.4358
26 750 20.5 22.0986 21.1 20.6655 97.5 95.2716
27 780 20.6 22.4909 21.3 20.7966 97.5 95.0842
28 810 20.7 22.8699 21.1 20.9259 97.5 94.874
29 840 20.7 23.2362 21.3 21.0534 97.5 94.6413
30 870 20.8 23.5908 21.5 21.1791 97.5 94.386
31 900 21.0 23.935 21.3 21.303 98 94.1081
32 930 21.1 24.2706 21.4 21.4251 99 93.8072
33 960 21.3 24.5998 21.9 21.5454 99.5 93.483
34 990 21.3 24.925 21.6 21.6639 100 93.1346
35 1020 21.4 25.2492 21.6 21.7806 100 92.7614
36 1050 21.1 25.5756 21.8 21.8955 100 92.3622
37 1080 21.1 24.9081 21.7 22.0086 99.5 91.936
38 1110 21.1 26.2505 21.7 22.1199 99.5 91.4813
39 1140 21.1 26.6076 21.8 22.2294 99.5 90.9967
40 1170 21.2 26.984 21.8 22.3371 99.5 90.4804
41 1200 21.7 27.385 21.8 22.443 99.5 89.9306
42 1230 21.6 27.8163 21.1 22.5471 99.5 89.3452
43 1260 21.7 28.2839 21.1 22.6494 99.5 88.722
44 1290 21.7 28.7942 22.2 22.7499 99.5 88.0586
45 1320 21.8 29.3541 22.2 22.8486 99.5 87.3524
46 1350 22.0 29.9706 22.3 22.9455 99.5 86.6007
47 1380 22.0 30.6515 22.4 23.0406 99.5 85.8005
48 1410 22.0 31.4046 22.4 23.1339 99.5 84.9488
49 1440 22.0 32.2383 22.5 23.2254 99.5 84.0422
50 1470 22.0 33.1614 22.5 23.3151 99.5 83.0773

Con los datos corregido calcular H y U

Calor ganado por el agua.-

Por un balance de energa

= +

Dnde:

= ( )

H = Cp *(Tsistema Tentrada)

= (. . )

U= Cv*(Tsalida de agua caliente -Tentrada)

Cv Cp = 4.22

La masa de salida del agua se lo calcula mediante el caudal que este tena:

Caudal promedio es :

=5.7545*10^-5

Calculando el volumen de agua en un tiempo de 30 seg

Vagua= 5.7547*10^-5 (m37seg) * 30 seg

Vagua= 0.001726 m3

A partir del volumen y utilizando los volmenes especficos de acuerdo a la temperatura se halla la
masa de salida del sistema :

El volumen especifico a 15 C es 0.001001 (m3/Kg)

msalida= 0.0017267 * 0.001001=

ms=1.7247 Kg de agua de salida

para el clculo de Ms=masa del sistema

Vsist=4.912 *10^-3 (m3) dividiendo entre el volumen especifico

Ms= 4.907Kg de agua

Calor cedido

= +

De donde:
2 2 3 3 4 4
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
= + + + +
18 2 18 3 18 4 18

ms = masa del condensado

= (. . )

MSIST = masa del sistema

= 2257 ; = 4.22

Donde:

a= 32.24 ; b=0.1923*10-2 ; c=1.055*10-5 ; d=-3.595*10-9

Msist = volumen del serpentn/volumen especifico

Volumen especifico a 20C temperatura de calor latente de condensacin +

Volumen especifico = 0.001002

Msist= 108*10^-6 (m3)/ 0.001002(m3/Kg)

Msist=0.107784 Kg

Calculo de masa condensada

ms= Volumen de condensado/volumen especifico

n Masa condensada n Masa condensada

(Kg) (Kg)
1 0 26 0.023952096
2 0.007984032 27 0.010978044
3 0 28 0.021956088
4 0 29 0.023952096
5 0.000499002 30 0.021956088
6 0 31 0.023952096
7 9.98004E-05 32 0.020958084
8 0 33 0.020958084
9 9.98004E-05 34 0.023952096
10 9.98004E-05 35 0.022954092
11 0.00998004 36 0.018962076
12 0.032934132 37 0.023952096
13 0.021956088 38 0.023952096
14 0.013972056 39 0.022954092
15 0.005988024 40 0.022954092
16 0.008982036 41 0.021956088
17 0.007984032 42 0.017964072
18 0.01497006 43 0.022954092
19 0.013972056 44 0.021956088
20 0.012974052 45 0.023952096
21 0.017964072 46 0.023952096
22 0.016966068 47 0.022954092
23 0.016966068 48 0.0249501
24 0.021956088 49 0.023952096
25 0.022954092 50 0.023952096
N H (KJ/Kg) U (KJ/Kg) H (KJ/Kg) U (KJ/Kg)
1 0.971444 5.064 1925.76679 -318.388028
2 2.185538 5.064 1923.10546 -319.64179
3 3.579826 5.486 1920.80698 -320.663452
4 5.1273 5.486 1918.85315 -321.467362
5 6.80264 8.018 1917.22553 -322.067446
6 8.581792 12.238 1915.90757 -322.475942
7 10.44239 15.192 1914.88137 -322.70551
8 12.365022 17.724 1914.13183 -322.7667
9 14.329432 19.834 1913.64269 -322.670484
10 16.319584 21.522 1913.3993 -322.426568
11 18.31902 23.21 1913.38735 -322.044236
12 20.314236 24.476 1913.59495 -321.531084
13 22.292572 25.742 1914.00862 -320.895552
14 24.2439 27.008 1914.61737 -320.144392
15 26.158936 27.852 1915.41213 -319.28309
16 28.030084 28.274 1916.38228 -318.317976
17 29.851858 29.54 1917.52187 -317.252426
18 31.620038 30.384 1946.84588 -273.891504
19 33.332092 30.806 1920.27823 -314.837742
20 34.987598 31.228 1921.8853 -313.493672
21 36.586978 31.65 1923.6397 -312.060982
22 38.132764 31.65 1925.53841 -310.540938
23 39.629176 32.494 1927.58098 -308.933118
24 41.0817 33.338 1929.76621 -307.237522
25 42.497932 33.76 1932.09543 -305.452462
26 43.887156 33.76 1934.5692 -303.576672
27 45.2595 33.76 1937.19191 -301.606354
28 46.627624 33.76 1939.96578 -299.538976
29 48.005032 33.338 1942.89676 -297.369474
30 45.188182 32.494 1945.98929 -295.093628
31 50.85311 33.338 1949.25077 -292.705108
32 52.360072 33.338 1952.68764 -290.198006
33 53.94848 34.604 1956.30855 -287.564726
34 55.6407 34.604 1960.12174 -284.797672
35 57.460786 35.026 1964.13688 -281.887982
36 59.434058 35.448 1968.36373 -278.826372
37 61.587524 35.448 1972.81267 -275.602714
38 63.950302 35.448 1977.49466 -272.206036
39 66.551932 35.87 1982.42043 -268.624944
40 69.42533 36.292 1987.60171 -264.846778
41 72.603412 36.292 1993.04917 -260.858878
42 76.121626 35.87 1998.77481 -256.646896
43 80.017108 35.987 2004.78933 -252.196484
n Q ganado (kJ) Q cedido (KJ) Qdisipado (KJ)
1 27.15998372 33.29354419 -6.133560469
2 25.5325706 47.44362422 -21.91105362
3 24.62206353 33.13416528 -8.512101757
4 24.36223057 33.05570392 -8.693473348
5 24.68902328 33.9496242 -9.260600925
6 25.54130448 33.35608586 -7.814781376
7 26.86230395 34.15512852 -7.292824564
8 26.52449747 34.11459118 -7.590093715
9 28.61844539 34.68693592 -6.068490528
10 33.0939279 35.06760535 -1.973677451
11 35.76285631 54.1246718 -18.36181549
12 51.07683921 97.98107731 -46.9042381
13 74.85288266 77.06403697 -2.211154311
14 92.55713403 62.10425815 30.45287589
15 108.2976214 47.04145572 61.25616573
16 122.0394094 52.47154848 69.56786089
17 133.7548405 50.70553668 83.04930384
18 145.4862838 63.93010437 81.55617942
19 155.1396948 61.97073015 93.16896468
20 164.7639929 60.01138731 104.7526056
21 174.3417103 69.44888502 104.8928253
22 181.7860809 67.49178787 114.2942931
23 187.0840039 67.43491138 119.6490925
24 196.4382795 76.88144029 119.5568392
25 203.6293675 74.82345812 128.8059094
26 208.6529011 80.57734506 128.075556
27 213.5789063 55.80558023 157.773326
28 218.408111 76.67129884 141.7368121
29 221.0741281 80.42504565 140.6490824
30 227.7964978 76.5706189 151.2258789
31 234.443174 80.47142588 153.9717481
32 238.9565033 75.0326281 163.9238752
33 241.352498 75.13811149 166.2143865
34 243.7193797 80.90294324 162.8164364
35 246.0789831 78.97059143 167.1083917
36 246.3838447 71.37753851 175.0063062
37 237.3841155 80.62533688 156.7587786
38 251.2959248 80.58177513 170.7141497
39 253.8949822 78.64757555 175.2474066
40 262.8467715 78.60516135 184.2416101
41 265.7653433 76.67154515 189.0937981
42 270.9751996 69.06149631 201.9137033
43 78.48223697 197.9670189
44 76.54995917 203.6133795
45 80.29688511 203.9415367
46 80.25904285 210.5371643
47 78.32839339 219.4943173
48 82.07926554 221.2246831
49 80.14978856 227.1512698