WORKBOOK TG Vooinia Evans — Jenny Dooley Express PublishingPublished by Express Publishing Liberty House, New Greenham Park, Newbury, Berkshire RG19 6HW Tel: (0044) 1636 817 363 - Fax: (0044) 1635 817 463 e-mail: Inquirles@expresspublishing co.uk http://www. expresspublishing.co.uk © Virginia Evans - Jenny Dooley, 2008 Design © Express Publishing, 2003, Made in EU All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored i of transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, photocopying or prior written permission of the publishers. al system, thout the This book is not meant to be changed in any way. First published 2003 Second impression 2006 ISBN-13: 978-1-84486-046-9 ISBN-10; 1-84406-046-xUnit 1 Unit 2 unit 3 Unit 4 unit 5 unit 6 Unit 7 Unit 8 unit 9 Unit 10 Practice Test Tapescripts Contents Getting the Message Across... ‘The Happiest Days of Your Life? Extral Extra! Planes, Trains and Automobiles! The Science of Life The Art of Entertainment .. Bom to Win! nr Respect... Another Day, Another Dollar Our Planet, Our Home 10 18 at 2 29 33 39 44 50 53 59Unit 4 Unit 1 - Getting the Message OakeNns= FON SOn+ Across consultation 5 statement consensus 6 briefing negotiations 7 directive plea 8 judgement well-spoken 5 firm flowery 6 corrosive persistent 7 reticent unacceptable 8 misdirected .». to barge in... was backed by his tutor . is frowned upon ... bore little resemblance to ... +» bring someone round to your point of view ... .. Set a blistering pace at the A 3D 5D B aA 6B (Suggested answers) 2 2 3 Could be asked of a woman by a person who thinks that the dress she is wearing is inappropriate for the occasion Possibly said by someone when handing over a pile of comedy videos or a bunch of flowers to a friend who is feeling low. Possibly a request to have a brief private conversation to discuss a problem or suggestion This could be said by one of two friends who are about to say goodbye. Possibly said by someone returning a phone call from a friend. Possibly said to the driver of a car on leaving the house. Possibly said by someone out for a walk/drive with a friend when he/she feels that it is time to return. da 4b a 5g (Suggested answers) 2 ‘A recycling bin is a container where recyciable materials are stored, but in relation to computers it refers to a folder that stores items that have been deleted. A link usually refers to a connection of part of a chain, but in Internet jargon it is an area on the monitor screen that takes you to another web page if you click on it, A drive is a journey in a car, but when referring to computers itis a device on which data can be stored and retrieved. 5 To run normally means to move quickly, but when referring to computers it means to execute a program. 6 To save in everyday speech means to accumulate money or other goods; in computer jargon it means to store your work in order to retrieve it later. 7. To paste usually means to stick using glue, but in the language of computing it means to move a file, a piece of text or a picture from one location to another. a) Possible additional adjectives: 1 thoughtful, attentive, aggressive 2 friendly, warm, affectionate 3. hesitant, unapproachable, angered 4 competent, professional, ambitious 5 irritable, outgoing, communicative b) (Ss’ own answers) ¢) (Suggested answers) A... is standing with his arms folded which makes him look rather aggressive. But there is also a sad look in his eyes. He might be in a difficult position, like having to reprimand someone he cares for (a grandchild, perhaps). B_ The person in picture B has a big smile which makes him seem friendly and warm Something is obviously amusing him — possibly a joke just told by a friend or colleague. However, if he was someone | was dealing with in a business environment and | saw him laughing like that, | would probably think that he is unreliable. © The person in C is almost certainly angered by something. The frown and the look in his. eyes make him look aggressive and unapproachable. The situation might be that he is looking at a progress report handed to him by a colleague, and he expresses his dissatisfaction by looking at the other person in the manner we see in the picture. D The person in D has got his arms folded in the same way as the man in A, but he’s not frowning so he doesn't look as aggressive. He might be receiving some bad news from somebody or he might be in a situation where he's being reproached - there is an apprehensive look about him. E The person in E is smiling and gesturing while talking on his mobile phone. He looks like a friendly and warm person, He is ‘wearing a suit, which might mean that he is some sort of professional and that he wants, to come across as competent and reliable.Unit 1 10 " 12 13 .. will never let you down makes no difference to me had a good chance of winning ... there may be a/ some connection between the .. coudin’t help being / feeling shocked by ... are no restrictions on how many times / the number of times .. is subject to change have a tendency to wilt was given insufficient money «the least | can do is take you ... On RANA Soon 2 You should have told me you weren't feeling wel 3 You needn't phone Liz, I've already done it, 4. | ought to be leaving now or Ill be late. 5 They should arrive before we do. 6 You should contact Mr Soames. 15 7 Ann must be regretting her decision by now. 8 She can't seriously be suggesting we give up 4g, now. 1 she didn't need to go there 2 shouldn't have spoken 17 3. needn't have brought 4 can't have been 18 5 should have known 6 must have driven 7 needn't have worked 8 didn’t need to buy +” 1 approach 3. fair 5 raise 2 cut 4 order 1 age 4 take 7 allowances 2 best 5 losing 8 air 3 belts 6 hard 1 partnership 5 executive 9 unparalleled 2 investment 6 economic 10 impressive 3. addition 7 powerful 4 alliance 8 growth 20 a) + Common misconception probably comes from the fourth passage, and it might be used in reference to people not realising the importance of hand gestures. + Affiliate schemes most likely comes from the second passage, and it is probably one of the ways in which somebody can make money on the Net. + Fierce competition probably comes from the second passage. It could be mentioned in the context of a warning to aspiring internet businessmen. b) a) b) °) a) b) ° 4 e) 9) hy) + Accuse and blame might come from the third passage. It might be mentioned in connection with situations which are part of the power games played by people. ‘+ Cut off could come from the first passage, and it might be used in reference to the deaf and mute facing social exclusion + Asubstitute for authentic intimacy probably comes from the third passage and might refer to something that people do when they are not close. + Body language possibly comes ftom the fourth passage and may be mentioned as an extension of the discussion of hand gestures. (Ss own answers) B 2A 3D 4B Highly intelligent people restricted by the period in which they lived. Asking for money directly. B 6D 7¢ 8B The reply to a letter sent to a magazine problem page. More difficulty in putting meaning across. 1F 27 aT 1 long-distance 6 printing press 2 governing 7 telegraph 3. postal system 8 domestication 4 relay (system) 9 war correspondents 5 business correspondence (Ss own answers) (See tapescript for Ex. 200) (See tapescript for Ex. 200) (See tapescript for Ex. 20d) (Ss' own answers) (See tapescript for Ex. 20h) (See tapescript for Ex. 20h) (See tapescript for Ex. 20h) (Ss' own answers)Unit 4 i) (Suggested answers) & I'd say that on formal occasions, for example an interview, it's to your advantage to dress appropriately in order to give a good impression to a possible future employer. People may deny it, but they do judge on appearance and often either consciously or subconsciously associate qualities like professionalism and capability with things like neat, smart clothes, On social occasions it’s not so important. Oh I'd disagree there. It's equally important for the same reasons. There are other factors too. Being either too casually or too formally dressed for the occasion can leave you feeling out of place and uncomfortable; if you go to a wedding dressed in something rather casual, perhaps not having taken much trouble with your appearance, and everyone else is wearing their best clothes, it can be a very embarrassing experience for you, Hmm...... [see what you mean. There are people who insist that dressing appropriately is a form of respect for other people. According to them, dressing inappropriately, particularly under-dressing, shows a lack of esteem for the other people involved in the oceasion. Yes, | can understand that. Going out to dinner with people you don't know very well wearing scrufty old clothes could be read as a sign that you don't want to be with them or don’t think they are impoftant enough to take much trouble over. | think speaking foreign languages is essential nowadays. The more languages you speak, the better, especially as far as advancing your career is concerned. Think of the insight you get into other cultures by learning to speak a foreign language; it puts you in touch with other lifestyles and other attitudes, so it could change your life significantly. That’s all very true of course, but it doesn't really mean that itis necessary to. learn other languages; for business purposes English has become so widespread that itis really all you need to ‘communicate, Actually, they are talking about a new form of English - International English, which isn't really the same as British or American English because it’s spoken entirely by non- native speakers to communicate among themselves, as a kind of lingua franca So given that, do we really need anything else? But you can never really get to know someone without speaking his language. ‘As regards business relationships, that’s of the utmost importance; you need to be able to judge how trustworthy your business contact is. Added to that, of course, is the fact that it's very flattering to the other person if you have taken the trouble to learn his language Hmmmm..... well in many cases, perhaps the majority, there isn't a problem because one can guess what the gestures mean from the general context. However, some cultures have gestures which mean the opposite to What you'd expect and this can cause confusion, not to say offence. A simple example would be the gestures used for ‘yes’ and ‘no’. In some countries 'yes' is expressed by a downward, then upward nod of the head while in others the gesture which means ‘no’ is expressed in almost exactly the same way. Very confusing for all concerned. Yes, and of course language learning doesn't always take body language into account. So you can think that you are fairly proficient in a language but then be completely unable to read the body language. And then, of course, there are cultures in which gestures are rarely used and that could be problematic if you come from a culture where a lot of meaning is conveyed by body movements, Each participant in the discussion or conversation would find themselves drawing false conclusions about the other. So what we're really saying is that learning gestures and expressions ought to be part of language training! t's very possible that our command of the written language might suffer because of information technology. though I think it's unlikely that the spoken language would suffer. One of the unofficial conventions for using text messages and e-mail is actually not to use correct grammar and_ spelling because what is important is speedy communication, not beautiful prose! So, eventually, it's entirely probable that this could be transferred to ordinary speech and writing and there could be a change in the language itsett.Unit 4 21 a) b) B: Yes, | think the point is that there will be a change, not that our command of the language will suffer, at least in this case. Languages always change: it's a completely natural process and we shouldn't think that there is anything wrong with that. What could cause problems, though, is the way that a lot of people spend long periods of time in front’ of their computers and consequently stop communicating face to face. | feel that this could be detrimental, in that these people will lose their ability to use language fluently and will find interaction with other people difficult ‘A; What might happen, though, is that because of the need for speed the language we use will become simpler and simpler and we will end up losing the subtle nuances that complex language allows us to convey. The caller noted a number down incorrectly and called a complete stranger by mistake. A supervisor calls a co-worker and asks her to complete a task that is urgent. A person calls someone to enquire if his car is stil for sale. They agree to meet the same evening over a cup of tea. I'm sorry, but... ~ I'm afraid How's it going? - How have you been? 1'do apologise. ~ I'm awtully sorry, Alright. What about you? — Not bad. Yourself? It's quite alright. - Not at all What can | do for you? ~ How can | help you? Of course. ~ Sure thing. Listen, ... ~ ll tell you what. ©) (Suggested answers) 1 A: Hello? B: Hi Tina, it's Bob Robson here. A: Hello Mr Robson. What can | do for you? B: | was just calling to find out how that report is coming along. it’s almost finished. I'm looking at the last page as we speak Do you think | can have it by 11 o'clock? Sure thing. I'll bring it to you in about half an hour, Okay, thanks for that. Bye. Bye, > The Old Ship. Oh, hello. Can | speak to Dave, please? I'm afraid you've got the wrong number. Poe >O SD 22 23 24 b) ce oo oD Oh I'm awiully sorry. Is that The Old Ship? it is indeed, but there's no one called Dave here I see. Sorry to have disturbed you. Not at all, bye. Bye Hello, can I speak to Bill, please? Speaking Hi, it's Pete Rowlings here. How have you been? Not bad. Yourself? Yeah, ok. Listen, Have you still got the computer you were trying to sell? As a matter of fact | have. Why, are you interested? Lam, actually. Okay ... Pl tell you what, why don't you come round some time tonight? ‘Sounds like a good idea. See you later on then. 2 >D POP DPD > w PD @> Mark plays the piano? Mark plays the piano? Why did you do this? Why did you do this? Come on. (softly) Come on. | believe both grammar and spelling are important, believe that neither spelling nor grammar is/are important, Although you can tell a lot by the way someone dresses, you can tell even more by what they do with their hands while they're talking. We should not be taught spelling rules at school, nor should we be punished for spelling mistakes, it would make more sense for the council to act, after they have discussed the needs of the community. People should be able to express themselves freely rather than have to conform to ridiculous rules. People have to be briet when sending text messages, which results in not always using correct grammar and spelling. 2 3 4 absolutely 5 unacceptable positive 6 bound disgusted 7 Undoubtedly The situation after the change in management is intolerable. lam convinced that the writer of the article is misinformed.Unit 4 | suspect that this report will have serious consequences for students. The change in policy is bound to affect the majority of teenagers. on/ that / to 7 to about / over 8 to to 9 with to/ of 10 that / whether that b) (Suggested answers) 2 10 We could not decide on a date for the next meeting. We decided that the best thing to do was to go to vote. They decided to postpone starting work until the following day. The doctors expressed concern about my grandmother's health. My Director of Studies expressed concern over my performance, The government wants to encourage young people to go to university. The minister pledged to take care of noise pollution. All members of the community must take care to keep the environment clean We must ensure that everyone understands their role. Ifthe government increase spending, it could lead to inflation. It pays to be upright in your dealings with Inland Revenue. We want to provide our employees with incentives to work harder. | doubt that any real good will come out of this situation. | doubt whether it's possible to change the flight at this late date. 26 2 Therefore 5 In this way 3 Asa result 6 Only by doing this 4 Nor aza2i 4f 6a 8) Wc 3k 59 7h 9b td b) (Suggested answers) It's just impossible to talk to him when he’s. in a bad mood. ‘An increase in salaries is out of the question. You hear all the time about people being robbed It is often said that crime is on the increase. Without caring about anyone's safety, Tony took the car. With little regard for the safety of others, Tony decided to drive. + Itwould make it a lot easier for old people if kerbs weren't so high. The new light rail system facilitates mass public transport in the city. + Problems like that can only be solved at a personal level Such difficulties should be brought to the attention of the Local Council + If | were you, I'd think again about the situation in a couple of years. We will review the situation in two years’ time. + [planned my holiday but | obviously got the finances wrong. The government's ‘calculations are quite inaccurate. + The boss will soon forget about my being late every day this week. It's hard to overlook the fact that your time- keeping is rather poor. + Most people in my street think it's an absolute scandal. The majority of people are most concerned by the turn of events. 28 (Suggested answers) A Dear Sir/Madam, [am writing in response to the article about the technological revolution in last week's edition of your newpaper. | was surprised, to say the least, by the author's far reaching comment about certain technological inventions having brought nothing but good to our lives and would like to present an opposing point of view. To begin with, let's take the mobile phone. While | cannot deny it has been invaluable to businessmen, drivers who break down in the middle of nowhere and overprotective parents, its nerve-grating ringing has contributed to noise pollution in a big way. Mobile phones are all- pervasive, on the underground, in restaurants, I've even heard people carry on a conversation in the cinema. Furthermore, the desperate scramble by telecommunication companies to invent the latest gimmicky phone, with built-in camera no less, is by far the most blatant attempt to keep an already saturated market afloat and fan the flames of the rampant ‘consumerism that has taken hold of this country. The article also mentioned the Internet as a useful source of information for research purposes. It is. However, I'd like to. war your readers of the risks of shopping on line. Credit card fraud is big business on the Net. In addition, anybody who wants to make some easy money out of somebody else’s hard work finds the perfect opportunity in cyberspace. | refer, of course, to the thousands of talented artists cheated out of their hard eared royalties10 Unit 2 because Internet users can download their films and their music for free, thus depressing record and cinema ticket sales and violating copyright laws. And finally a word about emails. | realise that emailing is extremely convenient and cost- effective, especially if you live far away from family and friends. But what of those of us who are not yet ‘online’ nor ever will be? We have been abandoned and forgotten, never again to receive a long-awaited ‘newsy’ letter because ‘our nearest and dearest cannot be bothered to put pen to paper and then mail it In conclusion, although | cannot deny that technology has been a boon to society in ways too numerous to mention here, | feel | must respond to the assumption that technology can do no wrong, I hope | have made the point that, as with most things in life, technology has its downside. Yours faithfully, MODERN COMMUNICATIONS Technology has advanced in leaps and bounds over the last few decades, but has it really made our lives easier? In the times of the much-hyped ‘information superhighway ', super- effective mobile phones and massively powerful computers, it seems that we are failing to step back and achieve a cool-headed evaluation of our progress. I'd like to start by saying that | do not believe that computers are the best thing ever invented. While | agree they have improved people's lives in the workplace, they have also introduced a whole host of new problems. To begin with, evidence has shown that there are certain health risks associated with excessive use of computers. In recent years, a number of disgruntled employees have successfully sued their employers for compensation for repetitive strain injuries. Others complain of eye strain, radiation poisoning, backache and headaches. ‘As far as the Internet is concemed, my emotions are mixed. While | find it invaluable for research purposes and emailing, I cannot help but be alarmed by the amount of valueless information it contains. | also find it disturbing that more and more people are regarding surfing the net as a form of entertainment and a substitute for social interaction. The usefulness of mobile phones is another grey area. They are an incredibly useful invention used in the right way, but far too many people abuse the features they incorporate. I've lost count of the number of times I've had a leisurely meal interrupted by inconsiderate mobile phone users in my vicinity, and | find it absurd that people feel the need to text message their every move to their nearest and dearest. On the other hand, | will never forget the day when my mobile phone literally saved my life. Stranded on a road somewhere in the countryside in the middle of the night with an overheated engine, | don’t know what | would have done without my mobile phone. In conclusion, it must be said that technology is neither good nor bad; rather, it is how we use it (or, in some cases, abuse it) that defines its usefulness. Either we use its many advantages to make our lives better, or we become seduced by gadgetry to the point where we lose sight of what is useful and what is simply a fad. The choice is ours. (Ss’ own answers) Unit 2 - The Happiest Days of Your Life? discipline / journal / qualifications collaborative / outdoor / extracurricular biology / science / computer availability / structure / co-ordinator flawed / teaching / applied higher / adult / continuing oarsens b) 1. academic journal course co-ordinator teaching methodology ‘computer lab adult education qualifications course structure Collaborative activities eNonrens cram absenteeism learning curve research-based 1 corporal punishment 2 dissertation 3. halls of residence 4 academic transcript evo (Suggested answers) . 2 in order to meet the entry requirements. 3 graduated than he got a job with a large company. 4 but he passed everything with flying colours. 5 but next semester she'll have to take more difficult courses. if he didn't play truant so often, see a nearly empty auditorium. you might be interested in our distance learning courses. 9 my friends from college at the Rome alumni event. exo 10. a job with Microsoft in favour of a lectureship at the local college