MAILA ROSARIO COLLEGE

College of Criminology

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Crime is a threat to social order and development as

well as a problem of individual pathology or risk. The

level of investment by the state in "law and order"

reflects the political salience of public order and crime

issues (UNDP, 2008).

Crime has become very rampant in our country, because

of the continue violation of the laws. Despite the fact

that the Government is doing its best to lessen the number

of crimes, we still living in a society with unpredictable

environment that no one know of what will happen next. Our

society is shouting for social justice and social equity.

There are approaches or methodologies adopted by each

municipality in the Philippines to suppress crimes in their

own locality. Adding community participation, strengthening

beat patrols, more proactive measures of local leaders and

community awareness are the power points to consider

preventing and controlling of occurrence of crimes. In

fact, most police forces have been actively engaged in

crime prevention activities for a number of years,

and their efforts are increasingly being supplemented

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by volunteer based neighborhood and community support.

What is new strategies and policies in favor of a

broader conception of how to prevent crime. The

result is a number of new possibilities for

delivering on the promise of crime prevention, and

the emergence of a number of new participants in

the area of prevention activities. One example of

this new development is the direct participation of

municipal governments in the organization of crime

prevention structures and the delivery of crime

prevention services and activities.

The development of new crime-prevention strategies was

shaped by three insights: first, that the police cannot

prevent crime without the help of the community; second,

that the police must do more than react to criminal

incidents; and third that patrolling is too passive

(Bailey, 1994).

With the introduction of Integrated Transformation

Program in the PNP, it became an avenue for the police

personnel to transform its system into a more excellent and

professional organization. It also aims to strengthen

community relation among stakeholders. The police manpower

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will become the starting point of an organized community

that will empower its people to a genuine promotion of

peace and order. It became the evaluators of police actions

and performance. Community involvement will bridge the gap

between police strength and the orderliness of the

community. It is the community that finds ways to tap the

resources of political leaders to help PNP operations.

Barangay San Gabriel is one of the forty nine

barangays of Tuguegarao City, Cagayan. It is located at the

heart of the city wherein it is quartered the regional

offices of the government entities and well-known housing

sub-division in the city. The development of the barangay

is past growing which entails more efforts to be undertaken

in order to maintain its peace and order situation.

The barangay is continuously coordinated with

Tuguegarao City Police Station regarding the

intensification of anti-criminality campaign and crime

prevention strategies to combat the existing criminal

activities. Despite of these intensified crime prevention

measures and strategies being implemented in the barangay,

there are still recorded robbery incidences perpetrated by

known and unknown criminal gangs in the barangay.

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College of Criminology

Thus, the researchers intend to conduct this study to

assess the awareness of the residents of San Gabriel

Village on crime prevention program on crimes against

Property specifically Robbery for Calendar Year 2017.

Conceptual Framework

The study is based from the Cause and Effects Theory

introduced by Wilkins (2012) argued that the cause of

crimes and its nature is the primary concern of any law

enforcement agencies of the police, prosecution, court and

corrections which comprises the criminal justice system,

but must be the concern of every sector of the community

the barangay leaders, the school officials, the

businessmen, the religious, media, youth, the Non-

Government Organizations and the professionals. It has to

be everybodys concern in as much as crime is a social

malady which affects the whole community. The community

must be made aware and be concerned that crime is

everybodys business. The community must realize and feel

that the partnership will enhance the effectiveness of law

enforcers and that they are participants. Hence, the

success of the crime prevention program is largely measured

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by the degree of support and cooperation it receives from

the people in the community.

This study will assess the awareness of the residents

of San Gabriel Village on crime prevention program on

crimes against Property specifically Robbery for Calendar

Year 2017.. Figure 1 shows the paradigm of the study using

the Input-Process-Output model.

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College of Criminology

Input Process Output

1. Assessing the profile of the

respondents.
1. What is the 2. Assessing the crime
profile of the prevention program of the
police respondents PNP on crimes against Assessed crime
in terms of: property particularly on prevention
1.1. Age robbery incidence for program of the
1.2. Gender Calendar Year 2017relative PNP on crimes
1.3. Civil Status to Police Visibility and
against
1.4. Religion Police Community Relations
1.5. Highest 3. Testing the difference on property
Educational the assessments of the particularly on
Attainment respondents on crime robbery
1.6. Occupation prevention program of the incidence for
PNP on crimes against Calendar Year
2. What is the property particularly on 2017
level of awareness robbery incidence for
of the residents on Calendar Year 2017relative
crimes against to Police Visibility and
property Police Community Relations
particularly on 4. Correlate variables between
robbery incidence the assessments of the
for Calendar Year respondents on crime
2017relative to: prevention program of the
PNP on crimes against
2.1. Police property particularly on
Visibility robbery incidence for
2.2. Police Calendar Year 2017relative
Community to Police Visibility and
Relations Police Community Relations
and their profile variables.

Feedback

Figure 1. Paradigm of the Study

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College of Criminology

The input box refers to the profile of the police

respondents. It includes the awareness of the residents of

San Gabriel Village on crime prevention program on crimes

against Property specifically Robbery for Calendar Year

2017.

The Process box consists of the assessment of the

profile of the respondents and the awareness of the

residents of San Gabriel Village on crime prevention

program on crimes against Property specifically Robbery.

The expected output will lead to have assessed

awareness of the residents of San Gabriel Village on crime

prevention program on crimes against Property specifically

Robbery.

Statement of the Problem

This study attempts to assess the awareness of the

residents of San Gabriel Village on crime prevention

program on crimes against Property specifically Robbery for

Calendar Year 2017.

Specifically, it will seek to answer the following

questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1. Age
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1.2. Gender

1.3. Civil Status

1.4. Religion

1.5. Highest Educational Attainment

1.6. Occupation

2. What is the level of awareness of the residents of

San Gabriel Village on crime prevention program on crimes

against Property specifically Robbery relative to:

2.1. Law Enforcement Participation

2.2. Community Participation

3. Is there a significant relationship between the

level of awareness of the residents of San Gabriel Village

on crime prevention program on crimes against Property

specifically Robbery relative to the above dimensions and

their profile variables?

4. In what dimension/s of the study is/are not

implemented?

5. What actions can be proposed to improve the

dimension not implemented?

Hypothesis

This study will be guided by a lone hypothesis that

there is no significant relationship between the level of

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College of Criminology

awareness of the residents of San Gabriel Village on crime

prevention program on crimes against Property specifically

Robbery relative to the above dimensions and their profile

variables.

Significance of the Study

This study is deemed beneficial to the following:

Tuguegarao City Police Station. Results of this

study will be useful to the personnel of the

Tuguegarao City Station to strengthen their crime

prevention strategies.

LGU of Tuguegarao City, Cagayan. Results of this

study will provide insights on areas of their

strengths and weaknesses in their duties and

responsibilities as key leaders in keeping the

community a peaceful and orderly place. It will

also motivate the barangay officials to work closely

with other members of the community where they

serve in the suppression of crime.

The Citizen and the General Public. Results of this

study will instill greater awareness, involvement,

participation and commitment in their role as

partners of the enforcers in the crime prevention.

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College of Criminology

Researchers. Findings in this undertaking may serve as

reference for future researches and may become a basis of

possible related academic work on understanding the

components of effective policing.

Future Researchers. Findings of this study may somehow

provide future researchers with information variables they

will use in similar researches.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study will be limited on the assessment on the

awareness of the residents of San Gabriel Village on crime

prevention program on crimes against Property specifically

Robbery relative to the above dimensions for Calendar Year

2017. Respondents of the study will be 100 community

residents of San Gabriel Village. The study will make use

the descriptive-correlation research design. A survey

questionnaire will be used to gather data about the study.

Definition of Terms

In order to understand further this research by the

readers, the terms used are operationally defined.

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College of Criminology

Assessment. This refers to the actual prevailing

situation or crime condition of a certain area during the

conduct of the study.

Police Visibility Patrol. This refers to the patrol

operations being conducted by police personnel in the

streets to preempt crime to happen.

Police Community Relations. This pertains to the

patrol operations conducted by the police in the barangays

to win the hearts and minds of the populace.

San Gabriel. It is one of the forty nine barangays of

Tuguegarao City located at the heart of the city. This

place where the respondents of the study are reside.