CHIMIE ORGANIQUE : EXERCICES DE NOMENCLATURE

Exercice 1 : nommer les molcules suivantes : (Vous prciserez la fonction prsente et le classe de lalcool le cas
chant)
1) Ethane 16) Propne
2) propane 17) 2-mthylbut-2-ne
3) 2-mthylbutane 18) Mthanol (alcool primaire)
4) 3-thylpentane 19) 3-mthylbutan-2-ol (alcool secondaire)
5) 3-thyl-3-mthylpentane 20) 2-mthylpropan-2-ol (alcool tertiaire)
6) 3-mthylhexane 21) Butanal (aldhyde)
7) 2,2-dimthylpropane 22) 2-thylbutanal (aldhyde)
8) 3,4-dimthylhexane 23) Pentan-2-one (ctone)
9) Heptane 24) 5-mthylheptan-2-one (ctone)
10) 2,2-dimthylbutane 25) Acide propanoque(acide carboxylique)
11) 2-mthylhex-3-ne 26) Acide 4-mthylpentanoque (acide carboxylique)
12) Acide 2-mthylbutanoque (acide carboxylique) 27) Ethanamine (amine)
13) 2,3-dimthylpentanal (aldhyde) 28) N-mthylthanamine (amine)
14) 2,3-dimthylpentan-1-ol (alcool primaire) 29) N-thyl-N-mthylpropanamine (amine)
15) Acide 3-mthylpentanoque (acide carboxylique)

Exercice 2 : Donner la formule semi-dveloppe des molcules suivantes.

1. 2,2-dimthylbutane CH3-C(CH3)2-CH2-CH3

2. 2-thyl-3-mthylpent-1-ne CH2 = C(C2H5)-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3

3. 2,2-dimthylbutan-1-ol CH3-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2OH

4. 3-mthyl-2-propylhexanal CH3-CH2- CH2-CH(CH3)-CH(C3H7)-CHO

5. 2,4-dimthylpentan-3-one CH3-CH(CH3) CO -CH(CH3) CH3

6. acide 4-mthylpentanoque CH3-CH(CH3) CH2 CH2 -COOH

7. N,N-dimthylbutanamine CH3-CH2- CH2- CH2-N(CH3)2

8. Trimthylamine N(CH3)3

9. 3 - thyl - 4 - mthylheptane CH3-CH2- CH(C2H5)-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH3

10. mthylpropane CH3-CH(CH3) CH3

11. 2,3 - dimthylhexane CH3-CH2 -CH2-CH(CH3) -CH(CH3) -CH3

12. butane : CH3-CH2- CH2- CH3

13. 2,4 dimthylpentane CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2 -CH(CH3) -CH3

14. 4-mthylpentan-2-one CH3-CO-CH2 -CH(CH3) -CH3

15. Acide 2,4-dimthylhexanoque CH3CH2-CH(CH3) CH2 -CH(CH3) COOH

16. 3-thyl-4-mthylhexanal CH3CH2-CH(CH3) CH(C2H5) CH2 CHO

Exercice 3 : Nommer les esters suivants et donner la formule de lalcool et de lacide dont ils drivent

1 H-COO-CH2-CH3 mthanoate dthyle

2 CH3-COO-CH2-CH2-CH3 thanoate de propyle

3 CH3-CH2-COO-CH(CH3)2 propanoate disopropyle

CH3CH2COOH et propan-2-ol CH3- H)-

4 (CH3)2CH-CH2-COO-CH3 3-mthylbutanoatede mthyle3-mthylbutanoate

5 CH3-COO-CH2-C6H5 thanoate de mthylebenzne

OH )

6 C6H5-COO-C6H5 benzoate de phnyle benzoate de phnyle

(acide benzoque C6H5-COOH et phnol C6H5-OH )