LIZARD

Lizard is the animals that belong to reptile that has scales and four legs. Based on the size of the body,
these animals are classified into two groups that are small-bodied lizards like home lizards, sand lizards,
geckos, and big-bodied lizard such as Biawak, and Komodo. Large-bodied lizards length can reach more
than 3 m. Lizard body is generally filled by scales but some are smooth and shiny like type of Infraordo
Scincomorpha. This animal belongs to cold-bodied animals. They need sun to regulate their body
temperature.

Lizard has various habitats to live. Most of lizards live on the land (terrestrial), some of them lives inside
soil or sand (tonsorial) while some snake hangs around on the top or in the trunk of the tree (arboreal).
They are the explorer animal. They actively explore the environment to hunt their prey.

Although most of this species are predator, but actually lizards food is very varied. They can eat fruits;
seeds, insects, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals. Even komodo can eat prey which is larger than its
body. Most lizards reproduce by spawning such as home lizard and Komodo dragon but some reproduces
by yeaning.

They are not dangerous for humans. It is generally useful for humans as pest control, pet, medicine and
much more. However, there are also several types of them that are harmful to humans such as Komodo
and Biawak. There are even lizards that have very strong poison such as Giant Mad Lizard and Beads
Lizard which can be found in Mexico.
 CROCODILES

Crocodiles are large reptiles that live in water. Crocodiles generally inhabit freshwater habitats like
rivers, lakes, swamps and other wetlands, but there also live in brackish water such as estuarine
crocodiles. Crocodile is the main food animals such as the vertebrate fish, reptiles and mammals,
sometimes prey on mollusks and crustaceans depend on the species.
Crocodiles are ancient animals, which is only slightly changed because of evolution since the time of
dinosaurus.Buaya can move very quickly over short distances, even out of water.

This beast has a very strong jaws, which can bite with incredible power, making it an animal with the
biggest bite force. Crocodile bite pressure is not less than 5,000 psi (pounds per square inch; equivalent
to 315 kg / cm ) [1]. Crocodile teeth pointed and sharp, very useful for holding prey. Crocodile attacks its
prey by biting prey to pounce at the same time, then pull firmly and abruptly into air.Buaya prey on fish,
birds, mammals, and sometimes also other, smaller crocodiles and even crocodile carcass of an adult.
This reptile is an ambush predator, he waited for prey, land animals, or fish over and jump on him
abruptly. As the cold-blooded animals, these predators can survive long enough without food, and seldom
really need to move to hunt their prey. Although it seems slow, crocodiles are top predators in their
environment.

In the breeding season and nesting crocodiles can be very aggressive and easily attack humans or other
animals that mendekat.Di spawning season is very ferocious crocodiles guard their nests and eggs.
Parent female alligator usually keep their eggs with buried under mounds of earth or sand mixed with the
litter of leaves. Parent then stayed with him from a distance of about 2 meters.

Crocodile body size varies greatly from species to species, ranging from the dwarf crocodile to the giant
estuarine crocodiles. Large-bodied species can grow longer than 5 m and has a weight exceeding 1,200
kg. However, babies only crocodile measuring about 20 cm when hatched from eggs. Largest crocodile
species are estuarine crocodiles, which live in Southeast Asia to the northern Australia
 CHAMELEON

The chameleon is a very distinctive and well-known species of lizard, due to the large eyes and curled tail of the chameleon.
Chameleons are found throughout jungle and desert alike, in Africa, Asia and parts of Southern Europe and chameleons
have also been introduced to parts of North America.

There are thought to be more than 160 different species of chameleon that range from just an inch to more than a couple of
feet in size. The tiny pygmy leaf chameleon, found in the jungles of Madagascar, is the smallest species of chameleon with
some males measuring less than 3 cm long. The largest species of chameleon, the Malagasy giant chameleon, is also
natively found in the jungles of Madagascar and can grow to nearly 70 cm in length. Parson's chameleon, also found in
Madagascar can grow to around 65 cm in length.

Some species of chameleon, although not all, are able to change the colour of their skin in order to be camouflaged into
their surroundings. These colour changes in the chameleon's skin colour can include colours such as pink, blue, red,
orange, green, black, brown, light blue, yellow and turquoise, all so that the chameleon can blend in more easily.The
chameleon has exceptional eyesight for a reptile as the structure of the chameleon's eye, allows the chameleon to have
complete 360 degree vision around it's body. This special adaptation, allows the chameleon to be able to hunt prey and spot
predators more effectively.

The chameleon is generally an omnivorous animal, although some chameleon species are known to have a more
carnivorous diet, and other chameleon species prefer to be vegetarians. A chameleon will generally eat anything though
including berries, leaves, fruits, insects, worms, snails and some of the larger chameleon species will also hunt small
reptiles.Due to the generally small size of the chameleon, they are often a prime target for hungry predators (when the
chameleon can be seen that is). Other tree dwelling animals such as snakes and birds are the most common predators of
the chameleon, along with some mammals.

In order to bury to her eggs to keep them safe and warm, the female chameleon firsts digs a hole in the forest floor in
which to bury them. The hole can be from 10 to 30 cm deep, but the depth of the hole generally depends on the chameleon
species.The female chameleon then lays a clutch of around 20 eggs, although the exact number of eggs can vary from just
one to nearly 100. The chameleon eggs take from 4-12 months to hatch, depending on the chameleon species.

Today many chameleon species are considered to be threatened with extinction, and other chameleon species are even
considered to to endangered. The declining chameleon numbers are most likely due to habitat changes such as pollution
and deforestation.
 KOMODO

Komodo, or commonly called Komodo dragons (Varanuskomodoensis). Komodo is the worlds largest
lizard species that live on the island of Komodo, Rinca, Flores, Gili Motang,and Gili Dasami in Nusa
Tenggara.

In the wild, an adult dragons usually weighs around 70 kilograms. The largest verified wild specimen was
3.13 metres long and weighed 166 kilograms. Komodo dragon has a tail as long as its body, and around 60
pieces of sharp serrated teeth along about 2.5 cm.

Komodo has gray scaly skin, a pointed snout, powerful limbs and a muscular tail. Komodo dont have the
sense of hearing, although having the ear hole. They use their keen sense of smell to locate decaying
animal remains from several miles away. They also hunt other lizards as well as large mammals and are
sometimes cannibalistic.

Komodo dragons are carnivores. It is able to locate its prey using its keen sense of smell, which can
locate a dead or dying animal from a range of up to 9.5 kilometres. Komodo dragons eat by tearing large
chunks of flesh and swallowing them whole while holding the carcass down with their forelegs. Komodo
have saliva that has deadly bacteria in it. If dragons bite dont directly kill the their prey and prey that can
escape this pesky generally prey will die within one week of infection.
Snake

Snakes are the kind of reptile that have no legs but has long body. Based on its kind, they belong to
Squamata group (scaly reptiles). They are the most adaptable animals with the environment. Almost all
over the world such as in the mountains, forests, deserts, plains, farms, neighborhoods, till the sea, they
can be found. However, in the colder place, they will increasingly rare. It is because they are cold-blooded
animals. These types of animal require warmth of the sun to set their body temperature. That is why they
could not be found in Polar Regions both South Pole and the North Pole.

The habitat of them is so various. Most of snake lives on the ground, under rocks, shrubs, even some of
them spend all his life on the tree without ever stepping on the ground even once. While others live in
aquatic or semi aquatic habitat, such as in rivers, swamps, lakes, and sea. These animals have a variety
of ways to protect themselves. Some snake can protect themselves with deadly poison like a Rattle Snake,
Cobra, and Sea Snake. Even King Cobra can kill without biting but they can shoot the poison directly to
their enemies eye. Snakes like Anaconda and python protect themselves with the power of windings. They
will be wrapped around the prey or enemy very hard. Their winding will make their enemy and prey die
even till their bones crushed.

Snakes are carnivorous animal. They eat the prey without chewing. The elastic jaws enable them to
swallow their prey while its teeth are not for chewing but as a barrier to prevent its prey to escape. They
eats various types of animals that are smaller than its body such as fish, frogs, tadpoles, birds, mammals,
and other small snakes. Even, there are some snakes eat larger animal than their body such as pythons
and anacondas which can eat goats, deer, elk, and even humans.

Most types of snake reproduce by spawning. They can produce so much eggs even can reach hundreds of
eggs. They usually lay their eggs in holes on the ground, cave, in the hole of weathered wood, or under a
pile of dead leaves. There are several types of snakes known incubate their eggs until hatching like
pythons. But some snakes are known to bear their children called as Ovoviviparous snake such as Kadut
Snake, Pucuk Snake and Sea Snake