NAME : GITA SETYANI PUTRI

CLASS : LT 3E
NUMBER : 12

RELAY

DEFINITION
A relay is usually an electromechanical device that is actuated by an electrical
current. The current flowing in one circuit causes the opening or closing of
another circuit. Relays are like remote control switches and are used in many
applications because of their relative simplicity, long life, and proven high
reliability.

FUNCTION
A relay may be used in circuits where it is not possible to have a direct electrical
connection between the control circuit and the output device: eg due to the risk
of damage to the circuit from back electromotive force (EMF). Relays are used
in a wide variety of applications such as in telephone exchanges, digital
computers and automation systems.

CONSTRUCTION

A copper coil around an iron core (the electromagnet) is held in a frame or 'yoke'
from which an armature is hinged. One end of the armature is connected to a
tension spring which pulls the other end of the armature up. This is the relay in
its de-energised state or 'at rest' with no voltage applied. The braided bonding
strap provides a good electrical connection between the armature and yolk,
rather than relying on contact between the armature pivot point alone. The coil
and contact (or contacts) are then connected to various terminals on the outside
of the relay body.

TYPES

1 Electromechanical Relays

These type of relays are made of a coil that induces a magnetic field when it get
energized and moves the armature, which closes of opens the contacts. Usually
there a 2 types of relays: Latching and Non-Latching

2 Reed Relay

The reed relay consists of a switch with magnetic contacts that move under the
influence of an external magnetic or the induced field from its solenoid. They
have faster switching speed compared to the electromechanical ones but their
switching current and voltage is lower mainly because of its contacts thickness.

3 Solid-State Relay (SSR)

The SSR is basically a circuit with various electronic components that has the
same function as an electromechanical relay. The advantage of using SSR is that
it doesnt have moving parts so it lasts longer and doesnt make noises.

CHARACTERISTICS
Rated Coil Voltage-

The voltage that the relay is supposed to receive when you energize it.

Set (Operate) voltage-

The minimum voltage that the relay needs to close its switch. This will be a little
less than the ideal coil voltage.
Rated Power (sometimes called Operating Current)-

This is the power that a relay is specifically meant to handle. The power rating
is the power consumption of the coil, usually expressed in milliwatts, when the
relay is energized.

Switching Capacity-

The maximum amount of current that you can switch with contacts inside the
relay. Usually this is for resistive loads, which are attached to the contacts of a
relay. As an example of a resistive load is a light bulb
APPLICATION

Overcurrent relay

An overcurrent relay is a type of protective relay which operates when the load
current exceeds a pickup value.. In a typical application the over current relay is
connected to a current transformer and calibrated to operate at or above a
specific current level. When the relay operates, one or more contacts will operate
and energize to trip (open) a circuit breaker. The Definite Time Overcurrent
Relay has been used extensively in the United Kingdom but its inherent issue of
operating slower for faults closer to the source led to the development of the
IDMT relay.
DEFINITION
FUNCTION
CONSTRUCTION
TYPES
CHARACTERISTICS
APPLICATION
CONSTRUCTION
TYPES

1 Electromechanical Relays

2 Reed Relay

3 Solid-State Relay (SSR)

APPLICATION

Overcurrent relay