04 LF - SP2005 - E02 - 1 LTE Air Interface Protocol and Signal Process PDF

LTE Air Interface Protocol and
Signal Process
ZTE University
Contents
LTE Air Interface Protocol Introduction

Attach/Detach Procedure
Service Request Procedure Triggered by UE
Paging Procedure
TAU Procedure
Handover Procedure
Setup Dedicated Bear Procedure
LTE System Structure
MME / S-GW MME / S-GW
Mobility Management
EPC Serving Gateway
S1 Interface Between
MME/SGW and eNode B
EPS
eNode B
E-
X2 X2
UTRAN
X2
eNode B eNode B
Uu
UE
Interface Between
eNode Bs
Evolved Packet System EPS Evolved Packet Core EPC
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LTE/SAE System Structure Evolution
GERAN
SGSN HSS
UTRAN
S3 S6a
S1-MME
MME PCRF
S4 S7 Rx+
S11
S10
LTE-Uu
S5 SGi
Serving PDN Operator's IP Services
UE E-UTRAN
S1-U
Gateway Gateway (e.g. IMS, PSS etc.)
Flat network structure IP-based network

Only one E-UTRAN Media Plane and Control Plane is Separated
Network ElementE-Node B With the traditional network communication

LTE NEs Function
MME Serving GW PDN GW E-Node B
NAS signalling security; the local Mobility Per-user based Radio Resource
Inter CN node signalling Anchor point for inter- packet filtering; Management;
for mobility between 3GPP eNodeB handover; Lawful Compression and
access networks; ECM-IDLE mode Interception; encryption;
UE Reachability in ECM- downlink packet buffering UE IP address Selection MME;
IDLE state; and initiation of network allocation; Routing;
Roaming; triggered service request Transport level Scheduling and

Authentication; procedure; packet marking transmission;
Bearer management Packet routing and in the uplink and Measurement and
functions including forwarding; downlink; measurement
dedicated bearer Transport level packet DHCPv4 and reporting
establishment; marking in the uplink and DHCPv6client CSG handling;
the downlink; relayserver

LTE Protocol Structure
MME
UE E-Node B NAS
S 1AP
NAS
APP SCTP
RRC RRC S1AP X2AP
IP
PDCP PDCP SCTP
RLC RLC IP
SGW
MAC MAC GTPU
GTPU
PHY PHY UDP
UDP
IP
Signaling Flow
Data Flow

Control-Plane Protocol Structure
UE eNB MME
NAS NAS
RRC RRC
PDCP PDCP
RLC RLC
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
UE eNode-B MME

Control-Plane Protocol Structure
NAS functions:
Certification
Authentication,
RRC functions: Security control
Broadcast Mobility processing in
Paging Idle mode
Paging launch in Idle
Link management
mode
Wireless bearing
UE eNB control MME
Mobility
NAS UE measurement NAS
report and control
PDCP performs the function of
RRC RRC encryption and integrity
protection
RLC functions:
PDCP PDCP
PDU transmission
ARQ
RLC RLC Packet assembly and
disassembly
MAC MAC MAC functions:

Scheduling
HARQ
PHY PHY Logic channel priority processing
PDU packetizing and demultiplexing
Physical layer (L1)
functions:
Wireless access
Power control UE eNode-B MME
MIMO

User-Plane Protocol Structure
UE eNB SAE Gateway
PDCP PDCP
RLC RLC
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
UE eNode-B MME

User-Plane Protocol Structure
Physical layer (L1) performs the following PDCP performs the
functions: following functions:
Wireless access Header compression
Power control Encryption
MIMO
UE eNB SAE Gateway
PDCP PDCP RLC performs the following

functions:
PDU transmission
ARQ
RLC RLC
Packet assembly and disassembly
MAC MAC MAC performs the following

functions:
Scheduling
PHY PHY HARQ
Logic channel priority processing
PDU packetizing and
demultiplexing
UE eNode-B MME

EPS Bearer Service Structure
E-UTRAN EPC Internet
UE eNB S-GW P-GW Peer

Entity
End-to-end Service
EPS Bearer External Bearer
E-RAB S5/S8 Bearer
Radio Bearer S1 Bearer
Radio S1 S5/S8 Gi

Definitions for Bearer
GBR/ Non-GBR Bearer : Guaranteed Bit Rate Bearer / Non-

Guaranteed Bit Rate Bearer
Default Bearer: The EPS bearer which is first established for a new
PDN connection and remains established throughout the lifetime
of the PDN connection. A default bearer shall be a Non-GBR
bearer.
Dedicated Bearer A dedicated bearer can either be a GBR or a
Non-GBR bearer.

Definitions for Connection
Uu (X1) Interface between UE and eNode B

S1 Interface between eNode and EPC
UE-associated logical S1-connectionFor one UE-associated
logical S1-connection, it use the MME UE S1AP ID in MME side
and use the eNB UE S1AP ID in the eNB side.
NAS signaling connection NAS signaling connection between
UE and MME, it include RRC connection of LTE-Uu interface
and S1AP connection of S1 interface.

Contents

Paging Procedure
TAU Procedure
Handover Procedure
Attach
procedure
when UE is
power on

Attach procedure when UE is power on

Establishment of the NAS signalling connection
Setup RRC
Connection
Setup S1
Connection

Attach Request
RRCConnectionSetupComplete and InitialUEMessage send the
Attach Request message to EPC

InitialContextSetupRequest
MME send the the INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message to eNB,
and request the eNB setup bearer resource.
UEs security capabilities parameter through attach request send to
EPC.

UE Capability Enquiry
If the InitialContextSetupRequest message include UE Radio Capability IE, then

eNB can not send UECapabilityEnquiry message to UE.
After UE reported radio capabilities, then eNB send UE Capability Info Indication
to EPC.

UE Capability Enquiry
If the InitialContextSetupRequest message include UE Radio

Capability IE, then eNB can not send UECapabilityEnquiry
message to UE.

LTE Key
USIM / AuC K
CK, IK
UE / HSS
KASME
UE / MME
KNASenc KNASint
KeNB / NH
UE / eNB
KUPenc KRRCint KRRCenc

Distribution of authentication data
Auth authentication vector

Quads RANDAUTNXRESKASME
MME HE
Authentication data request
IMSI, SN identity, Network Type
Type
Authentication data response
EPS-Authentication Vector (s)
3GAV PCKEDRANDAUTNXRESCKIK
VLR/SGSN HE
Authentication data request
IMSI
Authentication data response

AV(1..n)

Authentication
UE received Authentication Request message, and validates AUTN fresh sex, if

verification through, then finished the Authentication of UE to MME.
ME/USIM MME
User authentication request (RAND, AUTN, KSIASME)
User authentication response (RES)
USIM Calculated RES.

UE Response include RESs Authentication Response Message.
MME check the consistency of RES and XRES, if it is, then finished the
Authentication of MME to UE.

Security Mode Command
NAS Security Mode Command

MME and UE consultation NAS algorithm
Calculation NAS integrity protection key and encryption key
AS Security Mode Command

eNB and UE consultation NAS algorithm
Calculation NAS integrity protection key and encryption key

NAS Security Mode Command
MME according to the UE reported safety ability, choose NAS

layer encryption algorithm and integrity protection algorithm.
MME send NAS security mode command to UE.
UE MME
Start integrity
protection
NAS Security Mode Command (eKSI, UE sec capabilities,
Ciphering algorithm, Integrity algorithm,
[IMEISV request,] [NONCEUE, NONCEMME,] NAS-MAC)
Verify NAS SMC integrity. Start uplink

If succesful, start ciphering/ deciphering
deciphering and integrity
protection and send NAS
Security Mode Complete.
NAS Security Mode Complete ([IMEISV,] NAS-MAC)

Start downlink ciphering
AS Security Mode Command
ENB launch AS layer security mode command process

ENB send Security Mode Command(this message was integrity
protection)then start the downlink RRC message and user data
encryption protection
UE start integrity checking
UE eNB
Start RRC
integrity protection
AS Security Mode Command (Integrity algorithm, Ciphering algorithm,
MAC-I)
Verify AS SMC integrity. Start RRC/UP

If succesful, start RRC integrity downlink ciphering
protection, RRC/UP downlink
deciphering, and send AS Security
Mode Complete.
AS Security Mode Complete (MAC-I)
Start RRC/UP Start RRC/UP
uplink ciphering uplink deciphering
NAS Information Sending
UL Information Transfer(UU)
Uplink NAS Transport(S1)
DL Information Transfer(UU)
Downlink NAS Transport(S1)

Detach Procedure: RRC_IDLE1

Detach Procedure :RRC_IDLE2

Detach Procedure: RRC_CONNECTED

Detach Procedure of power off

Attach/Detach Trace signaling

Detach ProcedureRRC_CONNECTED

Contents

Paging Procedure
TAU Procedure
Handover Procedure
UE Sponsor Service Request Procedure
UE eNB MME
MSG1
MSG2-Random Access Response
RRCConnectionRequest
RRCConnectionSetup
RRCConnectionSetupComplete
(Service request) INITIAL UE MESSAGE
Service request
INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST

UECapabilityEnquiry
UECapabilityInformation
UE CAPABILITY INFO INDICATION
SecurityModeCommand
SecurityModeComplete
RRCConnectionReconfiguration
RRCConnectionReconfigurationCompl
ete
INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP
RESPONSE

UE Sponsor Service Request Procedure

Contents

Paging Procedure
TAU Procedure
Handover Procedure
Paging Procedure
MME Trigger Paging

UE eNB EPC
1. NAS: Paging (S_TMSI)

2. NAS: Paging (S_TMSI)
As same as the UE sponsor service request procedure 116
UE eNB EPC
1. NAS: Paging (IMSI)

2. NAS: Paging (IMSI)
As same as the UE sponsor attach request procedure 119

Paging Procedure
Paging triggerred by system information change
UE eNB
PAGING

Contents

Paging Procedure
TAU Procedure
Handover Procedure
TAU Procedure
In IDLE mode, if there are uplink data or uplink signaling to send,

then the UE can set an "active" lable in TAU request message to
request to set up the user plane resources, and after completion
of the TAU to keep the NAS signaling connection. If there is no
set "active" lable, then released the NAS signaling connection
after the completion of the TAU.
If TAU accept assigned a new GUTI, then the UE needs to reply

the TAU complete, otherwise don't have to reply.

Initiate TAU procedure without active marker
in IDLE mode1

Initiate TAU procedure without active marker
in IDLE mode1

Initiate TAU procedure with active marker in
IDLE mode1

Initiate TAU procedure with active marker in
IDLE mode1

TAU Procedure in RRC_CONNECTED Mode

TAU Procedure in RRC_CONNECTED Mode

Contents

Paging Procedure
TAU Procedure
Handover Procedure
Handover
LTE Measurement:
Measurement events
Measurement establish
Measurement reporting
Intra-eNB HandOver
Inter-eNB HandOver
S1 Based Handover
X2 Based Handover

LTE Measurement
Measurement events
A1 events Serving becomes better than threshold
A2 events Serving becomes worse than threshold
A3 events Neighbour becomes offset better than serving
A4 events Neighbour becomes better than threshold
A5 events Serving becomes worse than threshold1 and neighbour becomes
better than threshold2
B1 events Inter RAT neighbour becomes better than threshold
B2 events Serving becomes worse than threshold1 and inter RAT neighbour
becomes better than threshold2

Measurement Establish
RRC connection setup,

send the measurement
establish message with
the RRCConnection
Reconfiguration message

Measurement reporting
The purpose of this

procedure is to transfer
measurement results
from the UE to E-UTRAN.

Intra-eNB HandOver1

Intra-eNB HandOver2

Inter-eNB X2 HandOver1

Inter-eNB X2 HandOver2
Source
Target

Inter-eNB S1 HandOver1

Source
Target

Source eNB send

handover request to
MME

MME send handover

request to target

MME send handover command to source eNB

Source eNB send

RRCConnection
Reconfiguration to
UE(include dedicated
Preamble)

Contents

Paging Procedure
TAU Procedure
Handover Procedure
Dedicated Bear
Dedicated Bear: An EPS bearer that is associated with uplink

packet filters in the UE and downlink packet filters in the PDN
GW where the filters only match certain packets.
Setup Dedicated Bear In RRC_CONNECTED mode, sponsored
by UE or MME.
Modify Dedicated Bear In RRC_CONNECTED mode, sponsored
by UE or MME.
Release Dedicated Bear Sponsored in RRC_CONNECTED

Setup Dedicated Bear 1

Setup Dedicated Bear 2

Modify Dedicated Bear 1

Modify Dedicated Bear 2

Release Dedicated Bear (1)

Release Dedicated Bear 2

04 LF - SP2005 - E02 - 1 LTE Air Interface Protocol and Signal Process PDF

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LTE Air Interface Protocol and

LTE Air Interface Protocol Introduction

Evolved Packet System EPS Evolved Packet Core EPC

ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

Flat network structure IP-based network

ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

Roaming; triggered service request Transport level Scheduling and

the downlink; relayserver

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ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

MAC MAC MAC functions:

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UE eNB SAE Gateway

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PDCP PDCP RLC performs the following

MAC MAC MAC performs the following

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E-UTRAN EPC Internet

UE eNB S-GW P-GW Peer

EPS Bearer External Bearer

E-RAB S5/S8 Bearer

Radio Bearer S1 Bearer

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GBR/ Non-GBR Bearer : Guaranteed Bit Rate Bearer / Non-

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Uu (X1) Interface between UE and eNode B

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LTE Air Interface Protocol Introduction

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ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

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If the InitialContextSetupRequest message include UE Radio Capability IE, then

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If the InitialContextSetupRequest message include UE Radio

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KUPenc KRRCint KRRCenc

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Auth authentication vector

Authentication data response

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UE received Authentication Request message, and validates AUTN fresh sex, if

User authentication request (RAND, AUTN, KSIASME)

User authentication response (RES)

USIM Calculated RES.

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NAS Security Mode Command

AS Security Mode Command

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MME according to the UE reported safety ability, choose NAS

Verify NAS SMC integrity. Start uplink

NAS Security Mode Complete ([IMEISV,] NAS-MAC)

ENB launch AS layer security mode command process

Verify AS SMC integrity. Start RRC/UP

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ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved