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0 Specifications
MD-SP-ADI2.0-AS-I03-070105
ISSUED
Notice
This Metadata specification is the result of a cooperative effort
undertaken at the direction of Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. for the
benefit of the cable industry and its customers. This document may
contain references to other documents not owned or controlled by
CableLabs. Use and understanding of this document may require
access to such other documents. Designing, manufacturing, distributing,
using, selling, or servicing products, or providing services, based on this
document may require intellectual property licenses from third parties for
technology referenced in this document.
Issued A stable document, which has undergone rigorous member and vendor
review and is suitable for product design and development, cross-vendor
interoperability, and for certification testing.
Closed A static document, reviewed, tested, validated, and closed to further
engineering change requests to the specification through CableLabs.
Trademarks:
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Contents
1 SCOPE..................................................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Introduction and Overview............................................................................................................................1
1.2 Purpose of document .....................................................................................................................................1
1.3 Organization of document .............................................................................................................................1
1.4 Requirements .................................................................................................................................................2
2 REFERENCES ....................................................................................................................................................3
2.1 Normative References ...................................................................................................................................3
2.2 Informative References..................................................................................................................................3
2.3 Reference Acquisition ...................................................................................................................................3
3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................................5
5 ADI 2.0..................................................................................................................................................................7
5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................7
5.2 Asset structure ...............................................................................................................................................7
5.2.1 COMMON ASSET ELEMENTS .....................................................................................................................7
5.2.2 ASSET OPERATIONS ..................................................................................................................................8
5.2.3 GROUP ASSET ..........................................................................................................................................8
5.2.4 METADATA ASSET ..................................................................................................................................10
5.2.5 CONTENT ASSET ....................................................................................................................................12
5.3 The AssociateContent Signal.......................................................................................................................15
5.4 Relationships Between Assets .....................................................................................................................16
5.4.1 GROUP MEMBERSHIP.............................................................................................................................16
5.4.2 REFERENCE ...........................................................................................................................................16
5.5 Asset Updates ..............................................................................................................................................18
5.6 ADI Documents...........................................................................................................................................18
5.6.1 MEANS OF TRANSMISSION ......................................................................................................................18
5.6.2 MESSAGE DOCUMENT STRUCTURE .........................................................................................................19
5.6.3 ASSET DISTRIBUTION INTERFACE (ADI2)................................................................................................20
5.6.4 DELIVERY ACKNOWLEDGEMENT (ACK)..................................................................................................20
5.7 Schema.........................................................................................................................................................23
5.7.1 DOCUMENT VALIDATION ........................................................................................................................23
5.7.2 SCHEMA SEPARATION.............................................................................................................................23
5.7.3 XML NAMESPACES ................................................................................................................................24
APPENDIX I ADI 1.1 COMPARISON (INFORMATIVE) ..............................................................................25
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Tables
Table 1 - Common Asset Element Fields ......................................................................................................................7
Table 2 - Group Asset Operation Types and Fields ......................................................................................................9
Table 3 - Metadata Asset Operation Types and Fields................................................................................................10
Table 4 - Content Asset Operation Types and Fields ..................................................................................................13
Table 5 - AssociateContent Signal ..............................................................................................................................15
Table 6 - Reference Element .......................................................................................................................................17
Table 7 - Common Document Element and Attributes ...............................................................................................19
Table 8 - Acknowledgement Element fields ...............................................................................................................20
Table 9 - Document Status Values ..............................................................................................................................23
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1 SCOPE
The Asset Distribution Interface documents are the means by which assets (content as well as metadata describing
the content or offer) are transported from a provider to an Asset Management System, a logical entity. In addition, it
provides a basic degree of management through ADI Mechanisms of the assets and previously distributed assets.
• The Asset Distribution Interface (ADI) Asset Structure specification defines the following:
• Messages that distribute assets from providers to MSOs and between MSO locations and sub-systems.
• Messages that of distribution acknowledgement of receipt.
• The term "ADI 2.0" is used to include both the common asset structure and all the application fields in the
assets.
• Applications will be documented in a number of ADI2.0 Application documents, one for each specific
application, e.g., "VOD", "Games". These documents will define the assets used by the application, the fields,
the semantics and rules of usage of the asset.
• The relationship between the ADI 2.0 Asset structure and the ADI 2.0 Application documents is that the
common asset structure acts as a medium to manage the delivery of the assets of each application.
Both the ADI 2.0 Asset structure document and each of the ADI 2.0 Application documents will have companion
reference documents which include the following.
• XML Schema definition – This is an xsd file that can be used as the foundation for a specific application's
schema hierarchy.
• Content characteristic specifications – These types of documents contains content encoding specifications, etc.
This document specifies the fundamental common asset structure used to convey data describing content in the
context of ADI. It also specifies messages used to acknowledge receipt of assets.
It does not describe application specific information, content characteristics, or business rules surrounding delivery.
The document starts out specifying the general kinds of assets (GroupAsset, MetadataAsset, ContentAsset) and
operations that can be done on those assets. Then it describes the kinds of relationships that can occur between these
assets. After this, the specification describes the ADI2.0 wrapper document to contain these messages to distribute
or structure the assets or to contain a delivery acknowledgement of the ADI2.0 document received. The last section
talks about describing the purposes and constraints of a schema to functionally embody the structures defined in this
document. An informative appendix describes how ADI 1.1 types of structure might map into an ADI 2.0 structure
using a VOD-like application as an example. Parts of this example are also used within the document to point out
concepts. Examples should not imply more than free interpretation concepts.
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1.4 Requirements
Throughout this document, the words that are used to define the significance of particular requirements are
capitalized. These words are:
"MUST" This word means that the item is an absolute requirement of this specification.
"MUST NOT" This phrase means that the item is an absolute prohibition of this specification.
"SHOULD" This word means that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances to ignore this
item, but the full implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed before
choosing a different course.
"SHOULD NOT" This phrase means that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances when the
listed behavior is acceptable or even useful, but the full implications should be understood
and the case carefully weighed before implementing any behavior described with this label.
"MAY" This word means that this item is truly optional. One vendor may choose to include the item
because a particular marketplace requires it or because it enhances the product, for example;
another vendor may omit the same item.
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2 REFERENCES
In order to claim compliance with this specification, it is necessary to conform to the following standards and other
works as indicated, in addition to the other requirements of this specification. Notwithstanding, intellectual property
rights may be required to use or implement such normative references.
[XML] W3C REC: eXtensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1, February 4, 2004.
[STD0013] IETF STD0013 (RFC 1035), Domain Names-Implementation and Specification (November
1987).
[RFC 1321] IETF RFC 1321, The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm (April 1992).
[RFC 3629] IETF RFC 3629, UTF-8 A Transformation Format of ISO 10646, November 2003.
[RFC 2616] IETF RFC 2616, HyperText Transfer Protocol—HTTP/1.1, June 1999.
[RFC 2396] IETF RFC 2396, Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) : Generic Syntax, August 1998.
[RFC 1738] IETF RFC 1738, Uniform Resource Locators (URL), December 1994.
CableLabs Specifications:
• Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. (CableLabs), 858 Coal Creek Circle, Louisville, CO 80027,
www.cablelabs.com/projects/metadata
IETF Specifications:
• Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Secretariat, c/o Corporation for National Research Initiatives,
1895 Preston White Drive, Suite 100, Reston, VA 20191-5434, Phone 703-620-8990, Fax 703-620-9071,
Internet: www.ietf.org
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XML Specifications:
ISO Specifications:
• ISO Central Secretariat: International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, rue de Varembe, Case
postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland; Internet: http://ww.iso.ch/
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AMS Asset Management System. A role played by any logical entity functioning as the
receiving point of a delivery.
Sender A Party transmitting content and metadata, which may or may not be the same as a
Provider.
UNICODE The international character set for languages requiring characters beyond the scope of US-
ASCII (U+000-U+007F) encoded in UTF-8, 16, or 32. For this document Unicode is
encoded in UTF-8 only.
XML Date Time The date and time representation specified in ISO 8601.
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ACK Acknowledgement
CA Content Asset
GA Group Asset
ID Identification
MA Metadata Asset
MoD Movies-on-Demand
SD Standard Definition
TBD To Be Determined
UI User Interface
VoD Video-on-Demand
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5 ADI 2.0
5.1 Introduction
Refer to Appendix I for a better understanding of the elements defined in tables in this chapter.
All assets share the following common attributes and MUST contain at a minimum, the Required fields as defined
in Table 1:
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The definition and values of these common attributes will not be repeated in subsequent tables.
An asset is a unique entity. It is identified uniquely by its providerID/assetID, thus there is only one asset with a
given providerID/assetID in the whole universe of assets distributed by ADI. Each asset of any type has an Asset
Lifetime.
The updateNum attribute is a sequence number for updates of an Asset. An asset is subject to complete replacement.
Therefore, receiving an asset message with lower updateNum number than already received may be ignored and
receiving an asset message with any higher updateNum number than already received MUST replace the asset with
the new message.
Assets may have additional attributes and elements as defined by the Application specification that governs the use
of assets of a particular type.
Information about Assets is conveyed in messages, which comprise an "envelope" specifying the operation
applicable to the enclosed data. In the following example in this XML fragment, <OpenGroupAsset> is the
envelope element:
...
<adi:OpenGroupAsset type="VODRelease" product="VOD">
<vod:VODRelease
providerID="warnerbros.com"
assetID="TVNX7459000000000001"
updateNum="1"
groupAsset="Y">
<adi:AssetLifetime
startDateTime="2004-04-15T00:00:00"
endDateTime="2004-04-15T00:00:00" />
</vod:VODRelease>
</adi:OpenGroupAsset>
...
Note that the type attribute of the <OpenGroupAsset> element MUST be identical to the name of the element
containing the asset data: "VODRelease". This small redundancy allows the envelope to be processed at the AMS
level, and the message to be routed to the application(s) concerned.
The Group Asset is the organizing principle for Asset Distribution, for example all the Metadata assets of an VOD
distribution belong to the same "VODRelease" group.
Metadata assets MUST be grouped by having a common owner -- a distinguished asset called GroupAsset. A
GroupAsset is distinguished from other types of assets in that it is:
A GroupAsset of a given type MAY be the owner of Assets of only certain predetermined types. The particular
member types allowed for a particular type of GroupAsset is defined in application scope.
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A GroupAsset contains data values specific to its type as defined in the relevant application specification and
MUST contain at a minimum, the Required fields as defined in Table 2.
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• ReplaceGroupAsset: Replaces a GroupAsset with the incoming asset message. All attributes and sub-elements
of the asset are replaced with the inbound structure during this operation (provided that the replacing
updateNum is greater than the current value). Performing this operation on a GroupAsset that does not yet exist
is not allowed.
Note that Groups are potentially quite diverse. Application specifications may define groups that are very long-
lived, with a constantly changing membership, or conversely very short-lived groups with few or no members.
A MetadataAsset instance MUST only be the member of a single GroupAsset instance and cannot be re-assigned to
a different GroupAsset instance. Application Specifications define the allowed Member Types for a given Group
type.
A MetadataAsset contains data values specific to its type and MUST contain at a minimum, the Required fields as
defined in Table 3.
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It is expected that both "Remove" and "Replace" are constructs for use in correcting errors. The preferred method by
which one set of data is replaced by another is to have Metadata assets with appropriate time/date intervals in the
data to control the time/date validity of other data. Additionally because a MetadataAsset cannot be reassigned to a
different GroupAsset, these constructs should not be used for this purpose.
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<vod:DistributorRoyaltyMinimum>0.00</vod:DistributorRoyaltyMinimum>
<vod:TargetFileSet type="MPEG2SD">
<vod:LanguageSet audio="en" subtitle="en">
<vod:ShowPart partNbr="1"/>
<vod:ContentRef
providerID="warnerbros.com"
assetID="TVNX745900000000101"
</vod:ShowPart>
</vod:LanguageSet>
</vod:TargetFileSet>
</vod:Terms>
</adi:AddMetadataAsset>
...
A ContentAsset combines metadata and a physical file which are transmitted "together".
A ContentAsset may be transmitted independently of any GroupAsset. This allows building a library of
ContentAssets and files independently of the Groups which may use them.
A Content Asset is shared / re-used to the extent that multiple Metadata Assets reference it. For example, a
promotional still image might be displayed in an STB Guide UI, or via some ETV "Managed Content", or on an
MSO Web Site. In each case there may be distinct Metadata Assets, in 2 or 3 different types of Groups, which
inform the relevant applications of the identity of the ContentAsset containing the particular image.
A ContentAsset contains data values specific to its type and MUST contain at a minimum, the Required fields as
defined in Table 4.
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The different elements which bracket a ContentAsset have the following semantics:
• AcceptContentAsset: Creates a ContentAsset unrelated to any GroupAsset and populates it with the content of
the incoming asset message. Performing this operation on an already existing ContentAsset is not allowed.
• DestroyContentAsset: Deletes the ContentAsset and all content files for the asset. It has the same effect as
exceeding the endDateTime of the AssetLifetime.
• ReplaceContentAsset: Replaces an existing ContentAsset with the incoming asset message including any
accompanying content file. Performing this operation on a ContentAsset that does not yet exist is not allowed.
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To emulate the simple behavior of [ADI 1.1], where the Movie is deleted at the same time as the VODRelease is
deleted when the window expires, the VODRelease GroupAsset and the associated ContentAsset SHOULD be
given the same AssetLifetime. That way the lifetimes expire simultaneously:
• The GroupAsset and the member metadata assets are deleted (or some semantic equivalent) at the end of the
GroupAsset lifetime.
• The ContentAsset is deleted at the end of its lifetime along with all content files for the asset.
The AssociateContent signal provides a mechanism for Providers to inform an AMS that a particular Content Asset
is in some way associated to a particular Group Asset. A Content Asset may be associated with multiple Group
Assets and a Group Asset may be associated with multiple Content Assets. There are no ADI implications of this
relationship.
Content Files are not bound to any particular Group when they are transmitted by a Provider; they may in fact be
stored in a Content Library system and subsequently used by many Groups.
The AssociateContent signal provides a mechanism for Providers to inform an AMS that a particular content file is
of significance to a particular Group. The AMS may then evaluate its dispatching rules, and initiate a multicast
transfer if there are multiple recipients. The primary motivation is to reduce use of time/bandwidth by using a
multicast protocol to transfer large content files to multiple recipients.
The AssociateContent signal contains data values specific to its type and MUST contain at a minimum, the
Required fields as defined in Table 5.
<adi:AssociateContent type="Video"
effectiveDate="2004-12-01T00:00:00"
groupProviderID="warnerbros.com"
groupAssetID="TVNX7459000000000001"
providerID="warnerbros.com"
assetID="TVNX745900000000101"
/>
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...
The particular GroupAsset and MetadataAsset types and data specific to these types will be defined in ADI
application documents, the relationships between assets are defined in this section.
ADI provides two linking mechanisms to enable Applications to construct the logical run-time data structures they
use to affect their functionality. These mechanisms are Group Membership and Reference. Another linking
mechanism is the AssociateContent Signal which assists in the physical distribution of content assets, but does not
assist in constructing logical data structures.
A particular (instance) MetadataAsset MUST be a member of one and only one GroupAsset. The delivery of a
GroupAsset MUST occur before any Metadata Asset is added to the group. Conversely, a MetadataAsset may be
delivered days (or months for a long-lived group) after its owner GroupAsset.
A MetadataAsset can become a member of the GroupAsset through the AddMetadataAsset operation and can
change its status in that group through the other metadata operations as described in Section 5.2.4.
An AMS maintains knowledge of the Common Asset Elements, defined in Section 5.2.1, for a GroupAsset and for
the particular metadata assets belonging to the group. This is sufficient to distribute and manage assets without
further application specific knowledge.
The AssetLifetime of a GroupAsset overrides the lifetime attributes of member assets, in that no member asset is
valid prior to the "startDateTime" or after the "endDateTime" attributes of the asset. Conversely, within the lifetime
bounds of the GroupAsset, a member asset is valid only within the period of its own AssetLifetime.
Implication: When a GroupAsset expires, its entire set of component MetadataAssets expires as well.
5.4.2 Reference
An Application uses the data conveyed in metadata assets. This data may include the identity of other assets, in the
form of the pair of values for a providerID and an assetID. It is convenient to express this idea as "one asset
References" or "has a Reference to" another asset. Typically content assets can be linked to a metadata asset through
this reference mechanism. Note that the scope of a reference is "global", since IDs are unique throughout all uses of
ADI. In particular references may span groups, and a reference to a group implicitly provides a link to all members
of the group.
References can be modified or removed through an update of the asset that contains the reference. It should be
noted that an asset is subject to complete replacement so all references contained in the asset need to be included
when an update is made.
Elements that are References shall be represented in appropriate XML schemas by having or extending the
ReferenceType complex type in the core ADI2 schema and MUST at a minimum contain the Required fields as
defined in Table 6.
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In the following Terms asset XML Fragment example, the element ContentRef is used to reference the appropriate
Content Asset:
...
An AMS validated reference conveys an asset identity in the attributes of a reference element so that an AMS can
validate the reference.
Validation means that the identified asset is known to the AMS, and that the intersection of the lifetimes of the
referencing and referenced assets is non-empty.
An AMS validated reference consists of a reference element as described in Section 5.4.2, having the attributes
providerID and assetID and also the attribute amsValidate with a value of "Y" (true), indicating that AMS validation
is requested. Such an element is used like any other element in a Metadata asset defined in an application
specification.
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...
An AMS, without application logic, can readily obtain all such references in an ADI2 document, regardless of the
structure of the assets in which they appear, e.g., by applying an XPath expression to return elements of interest
such as the following:
//node()[@amsValidate='Y']
Assets are subject to only be replaced as a whole, i.e., all the fields of an asset will be replaced by the distribution of
a newer update of the asset message. As noted in Section 5.2.4, ReplaceMetadataAsset should in general be used for
error correction, and not as a general mechanism for providing new data to an application.
The common exception to this rule is to use ReplaceMetadataAsset to extend a "license window".
XML documents MUST be encoded in UTF-8 as per the W3C XML 1.1 specification [XML]. If a document
encoding is not specified all XML documents are assumed to be UTF-8.
XML documents and content files MAY be transmitted by any means mutually agreed upon. These could include
FTP and email as well as satellite transmission.
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Each kind of XML document begins with a number of common attributes and elements and MUST contain at a
minimum the Required fields as defined in Table 7 as follows:
Contact information is a component of every ADI 2.0 Message Document transmission and will represent a point of
contact for the entity originating the ADI 2.0 Message Document.
The value of these attributes and elements can be referenced in other human or computer queries and
acknowledgment messages after the original distribution message.
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An ADI2 document MUST begin with a document root element (e.g., ADI2 or ACK), followed by a Contact
element, with attributes specified above, and then contain one or more of the following elements specified in other
sections:
For ADI2:
For ACK:
DocReceived
The receiving application shall post a message to the URI delivered in the ADI 2.0 Message Document's ackTo field
indicating receipt and status of delivery. At a minimum an HTTP 1.1 [RFC 2616] POST message needs to be
supported for posting messages. The acknowledgement is by its nature asynchronous and will consist of an ADI 2.0
Message Document containing one or more acknowledgements for each asset delivery or content association.
Contact information on the returned ADI 2.0 Message Document is the recipient's contact information. It is intended
that the Delivery ACK be sent fairly soon after the document is initially processed. Information that needs more
processing should be done in some type of reconciliation mechanism.
The Delivery Acknowledgement (ACK) contains data values specific to its type and MUST contain at a minimum,
the Required fields as defined in Table 8.
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5.7 Schema
An XML Schema is provided both as an inclusion and as companion document to functionally embody the
structures defined in this document.
Extension mechanisms exist ( e.g., W3C XML Schema :include, :redefine, :extension, :import…) to allow this
common ADI structure to be extended to support all of the asset definitions of the fields working group.
Schemas will be updated on an as needed basis to add new features, fix existing issues, etc. Schema changes shall
be made so as to minimally impact existing applications. Any breaking changes that need to be made to an ADI2
schema shall cause the schema version to be changed. Schema versioning will be done by changing the ADI2
namespace. The year, month part of the namespace will be changed to reflect the release date of the changed schema
and will serve as the schema version. No explicit version number will be put in the schema or its namespace.
Previous versions of the ADI2 core schemas shall remain valid when used in application schemas. Updating an
application schema to reflect core schema changes is optional.
AMS implementations may apply additional validation after schema validation has succeeded. For example: a
"gross" validation of content assets to validate transmission success using file size and checksum values; validating
asset lifetime windows in group context (see Section 2).
A document failing or passing AMS validation will cause AMS to attempt to send an appropriate ACK message to
the URL identified by the ackTo element in the request document.
AMS implementations are not required to apply application specific validation outside of schema validation to the
document.
Ordering of asset operations in an ADI2 document will not be significant for schema validation.
The schema validation step will not attempt to reconcile operations before validating succeeding operations (i.e.,
reference checking will not be done through xml schema - it will be a post schema validation step).
The ADI 2.0 asset structure specification will define a messaging layer for communicating asset operations between
providers and consumers; and a data layer that defines the common asset structures needed to represent application
independent asset metadata.
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Applications will define XML schemas for application specific data types, using the core data schema for common
data types.
• Allow application development to occur independently of core specification and other applications.
• Allow extension of ADI by creating new applications and versioning existing ones without affecting the core
specification.
• Encourage independent trial application development.
• Encourage reuse of common data types and promotion of useful application data types to the core specification.
XML Namespaces (as defined in http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/) should be used to separate the different
schema domains, to avoid element and attribute name collision and allow application development to occur
independently of the core specifications and other applications. The structure of ADI2 namespaces should follow a
common format. There are several formats that are currently in use. The recommended format is one that loosely
follows W3C guidelines (domain URL/year/application/subsystem). Proposed namespaces for the core
specifications: Multiple schema files may be used to define the elements in one namespace. For example the ADI2
core schema will consist of 2 schema files, one for the message elements (adi2msg.xsd) and one for the core
datatypes (adi2core.xsd). They will both share the same namespace. Note that namespace for the application will
define the ADI version that it is using.
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This example is a free interpretation of an ADI 1.1 XML document mapped into an ADI 2.0 document. The VOD
2.0 specification is the governing specification with respect to the currently defined metadata fields; therefore, this
example uses commonly proposed snippets of possible ADI1.1 to ADI 2.0 comparisons and is intended to be
informative.
Note that the Package and its providerID/assetID do not exist in the ADI 2.0. The GroupAsset is not equated to a
package; the grouping entity is the VODRelease.
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In an operational environment, Assets have to be dispatched to distinct physical locations and to varying
configurations of software and computers that collectively provide services to subscribers.
Suppose at one location (HE241), movies on demand are delivered to subscribers by an integrated VOD Application
Server that both interacts with the STB UI and streams the video to the plant. In another location, (HE237), there is
a "Navigator" application that that is responsible for interacting with the STB, and a VOD Server which plays out
the video and passes price and BillingID to the Billing System.
One AMS services several locations. The dispatch rules can be very simply represented in a table as follows:
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There are several reasons why an MSO may process a content file received from a Provider, including
The result of such processing is a number of content files unknown to the Provider which have to be distributed
appropriately within the MSO's systems.
This appendix outlines how ADI2 constructs are used to distribute these files.
A Provider sends a content asset and the corresponding content file to an MSO:
An MSO generates a set of trick files for a particular content asset. One of them is for Fast Forward, 4X speed.
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MD-SP-ADI2.0-AS-I03-070105 Metadata 2.0 Specifications
The MSO workflow generates a content asset, and delivers it to the same endpoints as the original CA:
The DerivedFrom element provides the information to relate a derived file to its parent. Thus routing mechanisms
can transport the trick files according to the destination of the Provider's original CA.
If the Provider transmits a replacement content file for a particular content asset, the MSO's database can provide all
the MSO-produced derived content assets for that content asset. Thus a new set of derived files can be generated,
and delivered to the relevant end points using ReplaceContentAsset messages.
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The following ECNs were incorporated into version I02 of this specification:
The following ECNs were incorporated into version I03 of this specification:
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