2A

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS AND EXPRESSION JEE ADVANCED - VOL - II
QUADRATIC EQUATIONS AND EXPRESSION

In fact, = sum of product of roots
ADDITIONAL SYNOPSIS taken one at a time
sum of product of roots
Polynomial Equations: taken two at a time
If a0 0 and n is a positive integer then an sum of product of roots taken three at
equation of the form. a time
Identity and equation:
a0 x n a1 x n 1 a2 x n 2 ..... an 0 is called
(i) An identity in x is satisfied by all values of x
a polynomial equation in x and n (the highest where as an equation in x is satisfied by some
power of x ) is called the degree of the poly- particular values of x .
nomial equation. A polynomial equation of (ii) In an identity in x the coefficients of similar
degree n has n and only n roots (equal roots powers of x on the two sides are equal.
being counted as many times as they occur).
In a cubic equation, if roots are known, the Ex: If ax3 bx 2 cx d 7 x3 4 x 2 2 x 8
cubic equation can be obtained but if cubic be an identity in x then
equation is known there is no formula for a 7, b 4, c 2, d 8
directly writing down its roots. (iii) A polynomial equation in x of degree n will
(a) Cubic equation whose roots are , , is be an identity in x if it is satisfied by n 1
x x x 0 or
Narayana Junior Colleges
different values of x .
Modulus of a real number:
x3 x2 x 0....(1)
(a) f x f x , if f x 0
(b) , , be the roots of the cubic equation
ax3 bx 2 cx d 0 .............(2) then f x , if f x 0
b (b) Removal of modulus sign: where K O

a x k x k
c
x k k x k
a
d x k x k or x k

a (c) (i) a b a b for all real values of a,b.
General form:
Sum of product of roots of a polynomial a b a b if and only if ab 0
equation of degree n taken r at a time
a b a b if and only if ab 0
rcoeff .of x n r
1 (ii) a b a b
coeff .of x n
Special case: If , , be the roots of the a b b a
equation ax3 bx 2 cx d 0 ................(2)
a b a b
b
then [Here n 3, r 1 ] a b a b ab 0
a
c a b a b ab 0
[Here n 3, r 2 ]
a Integral and fractional part of x and
d integer nearest to x :
[Here n 3, r 3 ]
a (a) Integral part of x : It is denoted by x
51
JEE ADVANCED - VOL - II QUADRATIC EQUATIONS AND EXPRESSION
x integral part of x or greatest integer not (v) For r I , x r x r

greater than x or integer less than or equal to (vi) For r I , x r x r 1
x.
Def. x x , if x is an integer (vii) For r I , x r r 1 x
= integer just less than x if x is not an integer.. (viii) For r I , x r r x
Examples: (ix) For
2.7 2, 2 2, 0 0, 3 3, 2.7 3 1 2 n 1
Clearly if r x r 1 , where r I , then x x x ..... x nx
n n n
x r (x) x r x r, r I
(b) Fractional part of x: x x is denoted by x x x 0, x I
Thus x x x fractional part of x , x x 1, x I
Examples:
1 2 2 2
(a) a b c abbcca ab bc ca
2 2 2
2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2 0.7 2
2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 3 0.3 (b) If D1 and D2 are two real numbers, then
Clearly 0 x 1, x x iff x I . (i) D1 D2 0 at least one of
(c) Nearest Integer: x denotes the nearest D1 and D2 0

integer to x (ii) D1 D2 0 at least one D1 and
1 D2 0
Def. x x , if 0 x
2 (c) If D1 and D2 be the discriminants of two
1 quadratic equations with real coefficients, then
x x 1, if x 1
(i) D1 D2 0
2
Examples: (a) at least one equation has real roots
2.34 2, 2.76 3, 2.5 3, 2.7 3 (b) if roots of one equation are imaginary, then
those of other equation will be real and
Clearly x x unequal
(d) For r I , (ii) D1 D2 0
(a) at least one equation has imaginary roots
(i) Lt x r 1, Lt x r
x r 0 x r 0 (b) if roots of one equation are real, then those
(ii) x Ltr 0 x r , x Ltr 0 x r 1 of other equation will be imaginary.
(d) If a b c 0 , then
(iii) x Ltr 0 x 1, xLtr 0 x 0 c
(i) 1 and are the roots of equation
(e) Properties: a
2
(i) x y x y if at least one of x and ax bx c 0
y in an integer.. (ii) both roots of equation ax 2 bx c 0
(ii) x x 0, if x I are rational ( a, b, c being rational)
Properties of continuous functions:
x x 1, if x I Let f x 0 be a polynomial equation and
(iii) x x , if x I mn.
x x (a) If f m and f n have opposite signs, then
(iv) For x N, n
n equation f x 0 will have odd number of
roots between m and n .
52
(b) If f m and f n have same sign, then

equation f x 0 have even number of
roots between m and n . (this also includes
the case of zero number of root between m
and n )
Illustration by graph:
Let f x be a polynomial in x , then graph of
y f x will be continuous in every interval.
(a) Let f x 0 be a quadratic equation.

(i) If f m and f n have opposite signs,
then equation f x 0 has one root between
m and n and other root out side the interval
m, n , where m n .
(ii) If f m and f n have same sign, and
roots of equation f x 0 are real, then
equation f x 0 has either both roots
between m and n or both roots out side the

interval m, n .
(b) Let f x 0 be a polynomial equation and
f m f n , then equation f ' x 0 has
at least one real root between m and n (by
Rolles theorem).
(c) Let f x 0 be a polynomial equation and
coefficient of highest power of x and constant
term in f x have opposite signs, then
(i) equation f x 0 has odd number of real
roots between 0 and 1.
Here f 0 and f 1 will have opposite
signs.
(ii) f x 0 will have odd number of real
roots (also at least one root) between and
0 and also between 0 and . Provided
degree of polynomial f x is even.
Here f and f 0 will have opposite
signs and f 0 and f will have opposite
signs.
53
(d) If f x is an increasing or decreasing function (b) If the coefficients of equation f x 0

in entire domain , , then f x 0 will have q changes of signs, then equation
have at most one real root. Also if degree of f x 0 has at most q negative roots.
f x is odd, then f x 0 will have exactly (c) f x 0 will have at most p q real
one real root in , . roots i.e it will have at least n p q
(a) A polynomial equation f x 0 has exactly imaginary roots, where n is the degree of the
polynomial f x and p and q are the
one root equal to if f 0 and
changes of signs of coefficients in f x and
f ' 0 .
f x respectively..
(b) A polynomial equation f x 0 has exactly
Example:
two roots equal to i.e. equation f x 0 f x 7 x 5 4 x 4 8 x3 5 x 2 2 x 1
has a root of multiplicity two if and only if Let
f 0, f ' 0 f " 0 . Number of changes of signs of coefficients in
(c) A polynomial equation f x 0 has exactly f x 4 p say
three roots equal to if
f x 7 x 5 4 x 4 8 x 3 5 x 2 2 x 1
f 0, f ' 0, f '' 0, f "' 0.
Explanation: Let f x 0 be a polynomial Number of changes of signs of coefficients in

equation and be its root of multiplicity 3, f x 1 q say
3
then f x x x , where x is a Equation
polynomial in x and x is not a factor of 7 x5 4 x 4 8 x 3 5 x 2 2 x 1 0
has at most four positive and one negative
x roots.
3
f ' x x ' x 3 x x
2 This equations has at most 4 1 5 real
2
roots.
x x ' x 3 x (a) If 0 ai 1 for i 1, 2,3,....., n, then
2
f " x x x x ' x 3 ' x equation a1x a2 x .... an x 1 ............(1)
has at most one real solution.
2 x x ' x 3 ' x
If x be one solution (by one trial), then
x x " x ' x 3 ' x this is the only solution.
x For when x , L.H.S of (1) <1

2 x ' x 3 x
when x , L.H.S. of (1) >1

(b) If ai 1 , for i 1, 2, 3,......, n, then
Clearly, f 0, f ' 0 and
equation a1x a2 x ...... an x k
f " 0 can have at most one real solution.
we can also see that f "' 0 If x be one solution, then this is the only solution
For when x , L.H.S. > k
Let f x 0 be a polynomial equation. when x , L.H.S. < k
(c) Number of solutions of equation
(a) If the coefficients of equation f x 0
have p changes of signs, then equation f x g x 0 ,
number of points in which the graph of
f x 0 will have at most p , positive roots.
54
y f x and y g x intersect. (i) If f f 0 , then equation f x 0

(d) Equation of the form has three distinct real roots.
4 4
x a x b k can be solved by
xa xb
putting z =
2
(e) a logk b blogk a
Explanation : Take logarithm on both sides.
Nature of roots of a cubic equation:
Let ax3 bx 2 cx d 0 be a cubic equa-
tion, where a, b, c, d are real. (ii) If f f 0 , then equation f x 0 has
3 2
Let f x ax bx cx d then one real and two imaginary roots.
f ' x 3ax 2 2bx c

Let and be the roots of equation
f ' x 0 .
(i) If and are imaginary, then f x 0
has one real and two imaginary roots.
(ii) If and are real and equal and

f 0 , then f x 0 has three equal
real roots .
(iii) If and are real and equal and
f 0 , then f x 0 has one real and
two imaginary roots.
(iv) If and are real and unequal,
(a) f x 0 has 3 distinct real roots iff
f f 0
(iii) If f f 0, f x 0 has three real
(b) f x 0 has 3 real roots out of which two
roots out of which two are equal.
are equal iff f f 0
(a) If f 0 and f 0 , then equation
If f 0 then two roots are equal to f x 0 has three real roots out of which
and if f 0 , then two roots are equal to two are equal to
.
(c) If f f 0 , then equation
f x 0 has one real and two imaginary
roots.
Explanation:
Let
55
(b) If f 0 and f ' 0 , then equa- LEVEL - IV

tion f x 0 has three real roots out of
SINGLE ANSWER QUESTIONS
which two are equal to .
1. Number of real solutions of the equation
2
2 x
x 8.
x 1
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4
2
2. Let f ( x) x x cos x, is +ve
integer is a real number. The number
of ordered pairs ( , ) for which f ( x) =0
and f ( f ( x)) 0 have same set of real
roots.
Wavy Curve Method (Generalised A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3
Method of intervals) 3. The set of all values of the parameter a
Let
k k k
for which x 2 4 x 2 x a a 2 0 has
F x x a1 1 x a2 2 x a3 3 two roots.
k k
...... x an 1 n1 x an n ...........(1) 7
A) ( , ) B) ( ,1) ( , )
3
where k1 , k2 , k3 ,.....kn N and
7 7
a1 , a2 , a3 ,......, an fixed natural numbers C) ( , ) D) ( , 2) ( , )

3 3
satisfying the condition. 4. If x1 1 and the values x2 , x3 ............. x100
a1 a2 a3 ..... an 1 an Sastisfying the inequations
First we mark the numbers a1 , a2 ,....., an on x1 4 x2 3 x3 0
the real axis and the plus sign in the interval of x2 4 x3 3 x4 0
the right of the largest of these numbers i.e., on ............................
the right of an . If kn is even then we put plus ............................
sign on the left of an and if kn is odd then we x99 4 x100 3 x1 0
put minus sign on the left of an . In the next x100 4 x1 3 x2 0
interval we put a sign according to the follow- then value of x1 x2 x3 .....x100
ing rule. When passing through the point an 1 A) 1 B) 0 C) 100 D) None
the polynomial F x changes sign if kn 1 is an 1
5. If f ( x) x then number of solutions
x
odd number and the polynomial kn 1 has same of f ( f ( f ( x))) 1 is
sign if kn 1 is an even number. Then we A)1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4
consider the next interval and put a sign in it 6. If , , are roots of the equation
using the same rule. Thus we consider all the x 3 px 2 qx r 0
intervals. The solution of F x 0 is the then (i) 3 ______
union of all intervals in which we have put the (ii) 3 3 ________
plus sign and the solution of F x 0 is the
A) i 3r p 3 3 pq ii 3r 2 q3 3 pqr
union of all intervals in which we have put the
minus sign. B) i p 3 3r 3 pq,3r 2 q 2 3 pqr
C) i p3 q 3 ii p 3 q 3 3 pqr
D) None
56
7. If , , are roots of x 3 px r 0 then 16. x 3 3
3x 4 3 x3 3x 4 4
1 1 1 2 4 x 3 3 x 2
has

1 1 1 A) All its solutions are real but not all positive.
3 p 3r 3 p 3r B) Only 3 of its solutions are real
A) B) C) 3 are positive 2 negative all other are
1 p r 1 p r
imaginary
3 r p D) Only one real solution
C) D) 1
1 p r 17. Consider f x 90 x 2 20 x 1 then sum of
8. Consider x 3 ax 2 bx c 0 where a, b, c digits of f 111111 is
are rationals and a 1 . It is given that A) 11 B)12 C) 13 D) 14
x1 , x2 x1 x2 are roots of the above equation 18. If and are real and distinct roots of
and if b+c=2(a+1) then x1 x2 x 1
x2 1 satisfy | 2 2 | then a belongs to
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 a a
9. 3 2
f ( x ) x 6 x 9 x k 0 . To have 1
1 1 1
A) 2 , 0 U 0, 2 B) ,0 U 0,
exactly one root in (1, 3) then range of k 2 5
must be 1 1
C) ,0 U 0, D) None
A) R B) ( , 0) 5 5
C) ( 4, 0) D) (0, ) 19. f x x 2 bx c where b, c R. If f x
10. For the equation 3 x p x 3 0, if one of
2 is a factor of both
the root is square of the other, then p is x 4 6 x 2 25 and 3 x 4 4 x 2 28 x 5

(IIT 2000) then least value of f(x) is
1 2 A) 2 B) 3 C) 5/2 D) 4
A) B) 1 C) 3 D)
3 3 20. One of the roots of the equation
11. x 3 x 3 then x 2000 x6 100 x5 10 x3 x 2 0 is of
A) 2 B) 3 C) 3
4 D) 3
6
m n
12 If , , are roots of x x 5 x 1 0
3 2
the form .Where m is non zero
then r
integer and n and r relatively prime natu-
A) -1 B) 2 C) -3 D) 4
mnr
13. Let f ( x) x 3 3 x 1. The number of ral numbers. then _______
different real solutions of f(f(x))=0 100
(A)2 (B) 4 (C)5 (D)7 A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4
14. Number of integral values of a so that 21. If the quadratic equation
n
the equation f ( x) x 2 (a 3) x a 0 x k 1 x k 10n has solution and 1 for
has exactly one root in the interval (1, k 1
2) and f ( x ) 0 has exactly one root in some and n is a positive integer then
n - 3 = ____________
the interval (0, 1) are _______
A) 1 B) 2 C) 6 D) 8
A)0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3
15. The Equation 1 1 b
22. The equation has no real
( x 2 3x 4) 2 3( x 2 3 x 4) 4 x has xa xa x
roots then
A) All roots are real but none is positive
B) only two roots are real A) 0 a 1 B) 0 b 1
C) two are positive and two are negative C) 0 a 2 D) 0 b 2
D) no real solution.
57
23. The number of solutions of 30. Consider the polynomial equation

log 4 x 1 log 2 x 3 is (IIT 2001) 1 2 x 3x 2 4 x3 = 0 , If s be the sum of
A) 3 B) 1 C) 2 D) 0 distinct real roots then s lies in the interval
24. If a, b, c 1, 2,3, 4 the number of (IIT 2010)
equation of the form ax2 bx c 0 1 3
A) ,0 B) 11,
having real roots is 4
4
A) 15 B) 16 C) 12 D) 8 3 1 1
25. 2
If , are roots of x 3 x 5 0 and C) , D) 0,
4 2
4
, are roots of x2 5 x 3 0 then the 3 2
31. If x 5 x px q 0 and
equation whose roots are and
is x 3 7 x 2 px r 0 have two roots in
A) x2 15 x 158 0 common. If their 3rd roots are 1 , 2
B) x2 15 x 158 0 then 1 2
C) x2 15 x 158 0 A) 10 B) 12 C) 13 D) 42
D) x2 15 x 158 0
26. The set of all real numbers x for which MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS
x 2 x 2 x 0 , is (IIT 2002)
32. 2 x 2 x where [.] represents
A) ,2 2,
B) , 2 2, greatest integer function and {.} repre-
D)
C) , 1 1, 2, sents fractional part of a real number then

27. If the minimum value of (A) 1 x R (B) 0 x R
f x x 2 2bx 2c 2 is greater than the 1 1
(C) 1 x (D) 0 x
maximum value of g x x 2 2cx b 2 , 2 2
then (x being all) (IIT 2003) 33. If 0 1 and [x]-[x- ]= where [.]
b c represents greatest integer function {.}
A) c B) b represents fractional part then
3 2
(A) 0 x R (B) 0 {x}
C) 1 c 2b
D) No real value of b& c exist (C) 1x R (D) 1{x}
28. Let and be the roots of x 2 6 x 2 0 34. The set of all values of x satisfying {x} =x
[x] where [x] represents greatest integer
with , If an n n for n 1 , then
function
a10 2a8 {x} represents fractioal part of x
the value of 2a9 is (IIT 2011)
1
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 (A) 0 (B)
29. Let p and q be real numbers such that 2
(C) 1 x 1 (D)
p 0, p 3 q and p3 q , If and are
nonzero complex numbers satisfying 35. If 4 x x x then x
p and 3 3 q , then a 5 10
(A)0 (B) (C) (D)1
quadratic equation having and as its 3 3
root is (IIT 2010) 36. 13 x 25 x 271 then x
A) p q x p 2q x p q 0
3 2 3 3
499 511 122
(A) (B) (C)0 (D)
B) p3 q x 2 p 3 2q x p 3 q 0 25 25 63
37. If x is a positive real number such that x,
C) p3 q x 2 5 p 3 2q x p 3 q 0 [x] x-[x] are in G.P then [x]=
A)0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3
D) p3 q x 2 5 p 3 2q x p3 q 0
58
38. If x 2 2 x a 0 has no solution then

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
A) a 1 B) 2 a
C) 1 a 2 D) a R Paragraph-I
39. The set of all values of x for which Consider the equation
2
x x 1 1 satisfied 3x4 4x3 12x2 5a 0 answer the following
questions.
1 5 5 1 47. The least positive integral value of a for
A) x 1 B) x which the above equation has no real
2 2
solution
1 5 5 1 A)2 B) 5 C)7 D)9
C) x D) x
2 2 48. If the above equation has 4- distinct real
40. The values of x satisfying solutions then range of a is
0 x 2, x 2 4 [ x] 0 A) 0,1 B) 1, C) , 0 D) 1, 0
A) 2 B) 3 C) 5 D) 6 49. If the above equation has no real solution
then range of a is
41. The values of x satisfying x 2 2 x 3x
32
4 5 A) , 0 B) ,
A)0 B)1 C) D) 5
3 3 32
42. The set of all values of x satisfying C) , D) ,
5
x 2 3 x 0
Paragraph-II
1 21 1 21 Consider the equation x3 3x K 0

A) B) 3 C)- 3 D)
2 2 answer the following questions
| x 2 4 x | 3 50. The range of values of K for which above
43. The values of x satisfying 2 1 equation has only one real root
x | x5|
(A) , 2 2, (B) 2, 2
2 1
A) B) C)2 D)0 (C) 0, (D) , 0
3 2
44. The set of values of x satisfying 51. The range of values of K for which the
above equation has no real root
x2 5 x 4
1 A) 2, 2 B) 2, 2 C)IR D)
x2 4
52. The range of values of K for which the
8 8 above equation has 3- distinct real roots
A) 0, B) , C) , 2 D) R
5 5 A) , 2 B) 2, C) 2, 2 D)
45. x 3 x 1 x then x lies in Paragraph-III
Consider the equation
5 1 5 1
(A) , 2 (B) 2 , x4 4 x3 8 x2 K 0 answer the following
equations
53. The above equation has all Imaginary
5 1 5 1 roots then range of K is
(C) 2 , 2 (D) 0,1
A) 128, B) ,128
x 1 C) 128, 3 D) , 0
46. 1
1 x 2 then range of x satisfying 54. The above equation has 3-distinct real
this inequality root If the range of K is
A) , 1 B) 1, C) 1,1 D)IR A) 0, B) , 0 C) 3,3 D) 0, 3
59
55. The above equation has 2-real roots and Column - II

2- imaginary roots if the range of K is p) 8
A) 3,128 , 0 B) , 128 q)6
C) 128, D) 3, 0 r)2
Paragraph-IV s)4
62. Match the following
Consider the equation x 2 a x 1 0
answer the following questions Column - I
56. The range of a for which the above equa- A) Number of positive integral values of x for
tion has no real root 3
x 2 3x 4 x 2 4
A) 2, B) , 0 C) 1,1 D)IR which 0
57. The range of a for which above equation x 5 5 2 x 7 6
has 3-real roots B) The Number of positive integral solutions of
A) 0, B) , 0 C) 1,1 D) 2
x 2 9 x 3 8 x 25
58. The range of a for which the above equa-
tion has real roots C) The Number integral values of
A) , 2 B) 2, (C) 2, 2 D) 2, ) 2
5 x 1 x 1 7 x 3
Paragraph-V D) Number of possible integral values of x
2
Consider the inequation 3 x a x satisfying x 2 6 x 5 0, x 2 2 x 0
answer the following questions
Column - II
59. The range of a for which the above
inequation satisfied by at least one nega- p) 5
tive value of x q)1
13 13 r) 3
A) ,3 B) ,
4 4 s) 4
C) 3, D)IR 63. Column - I
60. The range of a for which the above In A) If ax 2 2bx c 0 , ax 2 2cx b 0
equation satisfied only for positive real
valuery x b c have a common root then
13 13 B) If a, b, c and ax 2 bx c 0 and
(A) 3, (B) ,3
4 4 x 3 3x 2 3x 2 0 have two roots in
(C) , (D) 0, common then
C) If ax 2 bx c 0 and x 2 2 x 3 0
MATRIX-MATCHING QUESTIONS have a common root then
61. Match the following Columns D) ax 2 bx c 0 and bx 2 cx a 0 ,
Columns - I a 0, b 0 have a common root then
4 4
A) Roots of 6 x 8 x 16 Column - II
6 6 p) a = b = c
B) Roots of x 2 x 4 64
q) a 4b 4c 0
C) Positive integral roots of
r) a3 b3 c 3 3abc
x x 1 x 1 x 2 24
D) Sum of all positive integral roots of a b c
s)
2 2 1 2 3

2 x 2 x 1 7 x 1 13 x 3 1
60
64. Column - I 66. Statement - 1: If a 0 and b 2 ac 0 then
3 3
A) If 3 , 7 then , are
domain of the function f x ax2 2bx c
roots of the equation
is R.
2 2
B) If cos i sin p 2 4 Statement - 2: If b 2 ac 0 then
7 7
and q 3 5 6 then equation whose ax 2 2bx c 0 has imaginary roots.
roots are p,q 67. Statement - 1: If all real values of x
C) If , , are roots of x3 27 0 then obtained from the equation
the quadratic equation whose roots are
4 x a 3 2 x a 4 0
2 2

, is are non positive, then a 4,5 .

Statement - 2: If ax 2 bx c is non posi-
D) If , are roots of 2 x 2 x 7 0 then
tive for all real values of x, then b 2 4ac
must be negative or zero and 'a' must be
the equation whoe roots are ,
negative.
Column - II
p) x 2 x 2 0 68. Statement - 1: sin x cos x 1,
q) x 2 x 1 0
0 then x , 2 .
r) 14 x 2 27 x 14 0 2
s) 9 x 2 27 x 20 0 2 x x 1
Statement - 2: sin cos2 .
65. Match the following 2 2 2
Column - I 69. Statement - 1: If x 2 3x 2 is a factor of
A) Sum of real roots of x 2 x 12 0 x4 px2 q 0 then p, q are 5,4.
B) Sum of real roots of
2
Statement - 2: If , are the roots of the
x 2
2 8 x2 6 x x 2 2 equation x 2 x 1 0 . Then equation
C) If x 2 x 1 0 then x 2007 x 2007 whose roots are 19 , 7 is x 2 x 1 0 .
x x 70. Statement - 1: Equation

D) If 4 15 4 15 62 x
1
Column - II ix 2 i 1 x i 0 has imaginary
2
p) -2 roots.
q) 2 Statement-2: If a i, b i 1 and
r) 4
s) 0 c 1/ 2 i then b 2 4ac 0
ASSERTION & REASON QUESTIONS 71. Statement - 1: If a, b, c, a1 , b1 , c1 aree

rational and equations ax 2 2bx c 0
(A) Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is
True; Statement 2 is a correct explana- and a1 x 2 2b1 x c1 0 have one and only
tion for Statement 1. one root in common, then both b 2 ac and
(B) Statement 1 is True,Statement 2 is
True; Statement 2 is NOT a correct b12 a1c1 must be perfect squares.
explanation for Statement- 1. Statement - 2: If two quadratic equations
(C) Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is with rational coefficients have a common
False.
(D) Statement 1 is False, Statement 2 is irrational root p q , then both roots
True. will be common.
61
72. Let a, b, c, p, q be real numbers. Suppose

, are the roots of the equation INTEGER QUESTIONS
1
x 2 2 px q 0 and , are the roots of 78. If , are roots of 6 x 2 2 x 1 0 and
n
the equation ax 2bx c 0 where
S n then nLt
n

Sr _____
n
2 1, 0,1 . r 1
79. Number of real roots of the eqation
Statement - 1: p 2
q b 2 ac 0
22 x
2
7 x 5
1
Statement - 2: b pa or c qa .
80. If 0 A B C the number of real
73. Statement-1: If a b c and 2
a3 b3 c3 3abc then the equation 1 1 1
roots of 0
x sin A x sin B x sin C
ax2 bx c 0 has one 81. Number of integral roots of
positive and one negative real roots
Statement-2: If roots of opposite nature, x 4 x 4 20 22
then produc-t of roots 0 and Sum of 1 1 35
roots 0 . 82. Number of real roots of x
1 x 2 12
74. Statement-1: If , are the roots of the 83. The number of distinct real roots of
equation x2 2 a 3 x a 0, a R and x 4 4 x 3 12 x 2 x 1 0 is (IIT 2011)
6 84. The least postive integral value of a for

3 which x 2 2 a 1 x 2a 1 0 has both
Then a
4 roots positive.
Statement-2: If f x x 2 2 a 3 x 9, 85. The smallest value of k , for which both the
3 roots of x 2 8kx 16 k 2 k 1 =0 are real

then f 6 0 a and distinct and have the value at least 4 ,
4
is (IIT 2009)
75. Statement-1: If equations
ax 2 bx c 0 a, b, c R and 86. Product of real roots of
x 2 3 x 2 3
2 x2 3 x 4 0 have a common
root then a : b : c 2 : 3 : 4
5 2 6 52 6 10
87. Number of real roots of
Statement-2: Roots of 2 x2 3 x 4 0 aree
sin 4 x x 2 x 1
imaginary 88. Number of real roots of
76. Statement-1: The number of roots of the
1 x 6 x 4 8 x 4 16
x

x
equation sin 2 cos 2 2 2
4
x
is 89. The least positive value of a for which
2 4 x a.2 x a 3 0 is satisfied by at least
Statement-2: A.M G.M one real value of x
90. Number of real roots of the equation
77. Statement-1:If f x is a quadratic 4
97 x 4 x 5
expression such that f 1 f 2 0 . If - 4 11x 6
91. Number of real roots of x
1 is a root of f x 0 6 x 11
62
KEY HINTS
LEVEL -IV
SINGLE ANSWER QUESTIONS LEVEL - IV
1) C 2) D 3) B 4) C 2
5) D 6) A 7) A 8) B 2 x
1. x 8
9) C 10) C 11) C 12) C x 1
13) D 14) A 15) D 16) D 2
17) C 18) C 19) D 20) B x x
21) D 22) D 23) B 24) C x 2 x 8
x 1 x 1
25) D 26) B 27) B 28) C 2
29) B 30) C 31) B x2 x2
2 8 0
MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS x 1 x 1
x2
t t 2 2t 8 0 t 4, t 2
32) C,D 33) B,D 34) A,B 35) A,B x 1
36) A,B 37) B 38) B 39) A,B
40) A,D 41) A,B 42) D 43) A,B,C x2
4 x2 4x 4 0 x 2
44) A 45) A,B 46) C x 1
x2
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS Put 2 x 2 2 x 2 ( x 1) 2 3
x 1
47) C 48) A 49) B x 1 3

50) A 51) D 52) C
x 3 1
53) A 54) D 55) A
56) A 57) D 58) A 2. Let be the root of f ( x ) 0 f ( ) 0
59) A 60) A f ( f ( )) 0 f (0) 0 0
f ( x ) x 2 x 0 x 0, x
MATRIX MATCHING QUESTIONS
2
f ( f ( x )) x 2 x ( x 2 x) 0
61) Ap, q Br, s C r Dq ( x 2 x ) x 2 x 0
62) A r B p C q D s Now f ( x) 0, f ( f ( x)) 0 have same roots iff
63) A q, B p, C s, D r
64) A s, B p, C q, D r x 2 x 0 has no real roots
65) A s, B r, C p, D p,q 2 4 0 ( 4) 0
0 4
ASSERTION & REASON QUESTIONS Since is a positive integer =1, 2, 3
( , ) (1, 0)(2, 0)(3, 0) 3 pairs are possible
66) B 67) B 68) C 69) B
70) B 71) A 72) B 73) D 3. If x a then given equation reduced to
74) B 75) B 76) D 77) B x 2 4 x 2 x 3a 2 0
x 2 6 x 3 a 2 0................ (1)
INTEGER QUESTIONS
If x a x 2 4 x 2 x a 2 0
78) 0 79) 2 80) 2 81) 2
x 2 2 x 2 a 0 ........... (2 )
82) 3 83) 2 84) 4 85) 2
86) 8 87) 0 88) 2 89) 2 Given equation has two roots only if (1) has 2
90) 2 91) 3 real roots and (2) has imagining roots or
viceversa.
therefore ( discriminant of (1)) X (discriminant
63
of (2)) <0 two values of x possible in this case

(36-4(3a+2)) X (4-4(2-a))<0 1 5
(7-3a) (a-1)<0 (a-1)(a-7/3)>0 If f ( f (x)) f 1(1) (thisispossible iff x 0)
2
a<1, a>7/3
4. Adding all list of inequations of above hypoth-
esis swe get
( x1 x2 x4 .......... x100 ) (1 4 3) 0
But each expression 0 and sum of expres-
sions=0
Each expression = 0
x1 4 x2 3x3 0 x1 x2 3( x2 x3 )
x2 4 x3 3 x4 0 x2 x3 3( x3 x4 )
x100 4 x1 3x2 0 x100 x1 3( x1 x2 )
there are two solutions this case possible total
(x1 x2) 32(x3 x4 ) 33(x4 x5) .... 3100 (x1 x2) 4 solutions
( x1 x2 ) 3100 ( x1 x2 ) 6. Put y x3 in the equation x3 r px2 qx
( x1 x2 )(3100 1) 0 x1 x2 y r x( px q)
x1 x2 x3 .......... x100 1( x1 1) ( y r )3 x 3 ( px q )3
x1 x2 ...... x100 100 ( y r )3 y p 3 x3 q 3 3 p 2 qx 2 3 pq 2 x
1 ( y r ) 3 y p 3 y q 3 3 pq ( px 2 qx)
5. f ( x) x
x
y p 3 y q 3 3 pq ( x 3 r )
1 5 1 5
f 1 (1) (or ) f 1 (1) y3 3y2r 3yr2 r3 y p3 y q3 3pq(y r)
2 2
y3 (3r p3 3pq)y2 (3r2 q3 3pqr)y r3 0
4 2
x 3x 1
Now f ( f ( x )) roots of this equation are 3 , 3 , 3
x ( x 2 1)
3 (3r p 3 3 pq )
1 5
f ( f ( f ( x ))) 1 f ( f ( x )) f 1 (1) 3 3 3r 2 q3 3 pqr
2
x 4 3x 2 1 1 5 1 y 1
7. Let y
x ( x 2 1) 2 1 y 1
(this possible for x 0, f ( x) exist only if x 0 or only if x 0)
1 1 1 1 y 1
the equation with roots , , is f ( )
1 1 1 y 1
( y 1)3 y 1
p r 0
( y 1) y 1
y3 3y2 3y 1 p( y 1)(y 1)2 r( y3 3y2 3y 1) 0
y3 3y2 3y 1 p(y 1)(y2 2y 1) r(y3 3y2 3y 1) 0
y3 3y2 3y1p(y3 2y2 yy2 2y1)r(y3 3y2 3y1) 0
y3(1pr)y2(3p3r)y(3p3r)1pr 0
1 1 1 3 P 3r

1 1 1 1 p r
64
8. x1 x2 x1 x2 a 12 f ( x) x 3 x 2 5 x 1
2 2
x1 x2 x1 x2 x1 x2 b f 1 ( x) 3 x 2 2 x 5 0 x 5 / 3, 1
( x1 x2 )2 c Clearly f (3) 0, f (2) 0, f (1) 0, f (1) 0, f (2) 0
bc
Now 2
a 1
x x x x ( x x ) ( x1 x2 ) 2
1 2 1 2 1 2 2
1 x1 x2 x1 x2
x1 x2 (1 x1 x2 x1 x2 )
2 3, 1, 1
(1 x1 x2 x1 x2 )
3
x1 x2 2
13. f 1 ( x) 3 x 2 3 3( x 2 1)
9. f (1). f (3) 0
f ( x ) is decreasing for all x 1,1
(1 6 9 k )(27 54 27 k ) 0
k ( k 4) 0 f ( 1) 3, f (1) 1, f (3) 19 0
4 k 0
10. let the roots are , 2
p
2 (1)
3
3 1 2
from (2) 1, , 2
when
p f ( x) 0 has root x1 , x2 , x3 such that
1,1 1
3
x1 1, 1 x2 1, 1 x3 3
p
2 , 2 4 p 6 f (x) x1 has only one real root sincex1 1
3
11. Let f ( x ) x 3 3, g ( x ) x f ( x) x2 has 3 real roots since 1 x2 1
f ( x) x3 has 3 real roots since 1 x3 3
The roots of f ( f ( x)) 0 only if f ( x ) x1
f ( x) x2 f ( x) x3
Number real roots of f ( f ( x)) 0 is 7
f ( x) x 2 (a 3) x a 0
14. It has exactly one root such that 1 2

f (1) f (2) 0 (2a 2)(3a 2) 0
2
a 1 (1)
3
f ( x ) ( x ) 2 (a 3)( x ) a 0
f ( x) g ( x ) if 1 x 2 x 1 x 2 (a 3) x 2 x 2 (a 3) a 0
x3 3 1 x(x (a 3) 2 ) 0( 2 (a 3) a 0
x3 4 x 3
4 0 2 3 a 1
( f ( x ) has exactly one root in (0,1)
65
2a 3 a 16. f x x3 3 x 4

2 2 Given equation is f f x f 2 x
2a f ' x 3x 2 3 0 f is monotonically increas-
Since 1 2 1 2 a 2
2 ing
a 0 f x 2 x
a 0 a (0, ) x3 3x 4 2 x x3 5x 4 0 which has
3 a 3 a only the real solution
and 2
2 2 2
3a 4 17. 90 x 2 20 x 1 10 x 1 10 x 2
106 1
a 1 Now x 111111 105 104 103 102 10 1
9
a 1 a (, 1) 2
10 6 1 10 6 1
a (, 1) (0, )...........(2) f 111111 90 20 1
9 9
2 2
(1) (2) a ( , 1) 10 10 6 1 20 10 6 1
3 1
9 9
Number of integral values a is 0 10 12
15. 4 2 3 2 2
x 9x 16 6x 24x 8x 3x 9x 12 4 x

9
10 1 1
x 4 6 x 3 20 x 2 32 x 32
1013 10 9 1013 1

f ' x 4 x 3 18 x 2 40 x 32 9 9
1111111111111
Let f x x 4 6 x 3 20 x 2 32 x sum of digits 13
g x 32
f 0 0, f 1 1 6 20 32 17
18. a 0 ax 2 x a 0 has two roots
1
and , 1
a
f 2 16 48 80 64
f x has its derivate 0 between
1 4a 2 0
-2 and -1
4a 2 1 0
2 a 1 2 a 1 0
1 1
a
2 2
1

a
1 2 1
4
a a
1
4 1
a2
1
f x g x has no solution 5
a2
Number of real solutions is 0
1 1 1
a2 a
5 5 5
66
19. f(x) is also a factor of

3 x 4 6 x 2 25 3 x 4 4 x 2 28 x 5 23. log 4 x 1 log 2 x 3
f(x) is
a factor of log 22 x 1 log 2 x 3
14 x 2 2 x 5 1
log 2 x 1 log 2 x 3
2
f x x 2x 5 4 2
x 1 x 3, x 3
20. 2000 x 6

x 10 x 2 1
3
2 0 x2 7 x 10 0, x 3
2
10 x 1
x 5

1000 x 6
1 x
2 1000 x 6 1
only one root
2
10 x 1 24. cases (i)
x a 1, c 1 b 2 4 b 2,3, 4 3
1000 x6 1 0 or 2
10 x 2 1 (ii)
1
x2 & 20 x 2 x 2 0 a 1, c 2 b 2 8 b 3, 4 2
10
(iii)
1 161
x
40 a 2, c 1 b 2 8 b 3, 4 2
m 1 n 161, r 40 (iv)
mnr a 1, c 3 2
2 b 12 b 4 2
100 a 3, c 1
n
2 (v)
21. x k x k 10n
k 1
a 2, c 2 b4 1
n (v)
2
x 2k 1 x k k 1 10n a 1, c 4
b4
k 1 2
a 4, c 1
n n 1 2n 1 n n 1
nx2 n2 x 10n 0 --------
6 2 12
3x 2 3nx n 2 31 0
1 n 25. 3, 5 , 5, 3

n 2 31 n 11 n 3 8 15
1
3 2 2 2 2
1 1 b
22.
xa xa x

2
2
2 2
2x b =158
2 2

x a x required equation is x 2 15 x 158 0
2x2 bx 2 a 2b 26. Case: I
x 2 0i.ex 2
2 a 2b
x x2 2 0 x 2
b2
For the above equation have no real roots x 2 or x 2
2 As x 2 , there fore in this case the part of
x 0

a 2b
0
b
0 b b 2 0

the solution is 2, 2 2,
b2 b2
0b2
67
CaseII: 31. The roots of

x 2 0 ie x 2 x 3 5 x 2 px q 0 is 1 1 1 - (1)
x2 2 x 2 0 and roots of
2
x 1 1 0 x3 7 x2 px r 0 is 1 1 2 - (2)
which is true for all real x (1) (2) 2 x 2 q r 0
hence the part of of the solution set is , 2 This equation has root 1 , 1
1 1 0
combining the two cases , 2 2, Now from (1) 1 1 1 5 1 5
27. f x x 2 2bx 2c 2 x R from (2) 1 1 2 7 2 7
2 2 2 2
x 2bx b 2c b 1 2 12
2 2 2 2 2
x b 2c b 2c b 1 2 12
g x x 2 2cx c 2 b 2 c 2
2 MULTI ANSWER QUESTIONS
b2 c 2 x c b 2 c 2
i.e if c 2 2b 2 i.e if c 2 b 1
32. 2 x x x
2
10 10 2 8 8
28. 1
2 9 9
2 x 2 x x x
2
8 2 2 8 2 2 1
x x x
2 9 9 2
6 9 9 2 2 6 1
3 x
2
2 9 9 2
2 6
1 1 1
29. p, 3 3 q If x x 1 x 1 1
2 2 2

roots , reqd equation is 1 1 1
If x x 1 x 0 0
2 2 2
2 2
x2 x 1 0 33. x x

from 3 3 3 3 we x x x
can find x x x
30. By differentiating we get 2 6 x 12 x 2 0 x
which has no real roots
given equation has only one real root If x x 1
3 1 x x 1 1
f f 0 real root lies between
4 2
3 1
34. x x x
, x x x x
4 2
only one real root sum of the real roots = x 2 x x
the real root.
68
x2
0
1 x 5 5
0
1 x 0 x 1 3 2
x2 0 3/2
0 1
1 x 0,1
x2 1 x 0x0
x2 x 1 0 1 x 5 / 3
1 5 1 5 13 x x 25 x 271
x 36.
2 2
Given equation again can be writtan as 271 13 x
x
x x x x 12
271 13 x
x 0 1
x 12
1 x
271 12
x 1
1 13
271 12 271
1 5 1 5 x 1
13 13
2 1 2
13 x 25 x 25 x 271
3 5 1 3 5
Let x
2 1 2
1 5 5 1 12 271
x
2 2 25
0 x 0 substitute in 1 we get
1 246 271
1 x
2 13 13
4 x x x x 19, 20
35.
5 x 2 x
37. x2 x x x
2
2x x x2 x x
x
5 let x
2x x2 x 2 0
0 1
5
1 5
0 x 5/ 2 x 1
2
x 0 or 1 or 2
given condition can again be written as
4 x x x x x x
2
x x
3 x 5 x 2
x 3 x x 2 0
5
x
3
x
3 5 x
2
69
1 5 5 1
x , 2
0

3 5
x 1 2 2
2 from 1 and 2

2 1 5 5 1
0 x x 1 , 0 x
3 5 2 2
Case (i) 40. from graph
5 1 2 x 1
0
2 x 2
0 or 1
x2 4 2 0
x 0 or 1 x2 2
case ii x 2
5 1 3 5 and
0
2 2 2 x3
0 52 x 2
0 x2 6 x 6
case i x 2 2 x a 0
38.
x R which not possible
x2 2 x a 1
x2 2 x a 1
Disc 0
4 4 a 1 0
2a 0
41. case (i) 0 x 1 0 x 2 1 x 2 0
a2
3x 0
a [2, )
x0
39. 1 x2 x 2 case(ii)
x2 x 1 1 1 x 2 x 1
2
x x0
1 x 2 2 x 2 1
x 1, x 0 1
1 2 3x x 1
x2 x 1 2 case(iii) 2 x 3 x 1
2
x x 1 0
2 x 2 3 x 2 2
1 5 5 1
x 2 2 3x
2 2
x 4 / 3 1.33 2
It is not a solution
case(iv)
70
case(ii)
3 x2
0 x4
x 1
x4 x 3
3 x2 4 1
x2 5 x
x 2 3 4x x2 3 x2 x 5
3 2 3x 2 x2 5x 2 0
x 5 / 3 1.66 2 x2 4 x x 2 0
This is not a solution
2 x x 2 1 x 2 0
42. let f x x2 3 , g x x
1
Clearly f x g x only x ,x 2
2
If 2 x 1 case(iii)
x 2 4 x5
x x 4 3
1
x2 5 x
x2 4x 3 x2 x 5
3x 2
x 2 / 3 not a solution
case(iv)
x5
x2 4 x 3
1
Given equation becomes x2 x 5
x2 4 x 3 x2 x 5
x 2 3 x x 0
5 x 8 x 8 / 5 2 not a solution
x 2 3 x 2 0
44. x 4 x 1 x2 x2
x2 x 5 0
x 2
1 21 x2 5x 4 x 2 4
x
2 5 x 4 4
1 21 5 x 8
Ans is x only 8
2 x
| x || x 4 | 3 5
43. 1 2 x 1
x2 | x 5 |
x 2 5x 4 4 x2
2 x2 5x 0
case(i) x 0 x 2 x 5 0
5
x x 4 3 1 0 x
2
x2 x 5
0 x 1
x2 4x 3 x2 x 5
3 x 2 1 x 2
x 2 / 3
71
x2 5x 4 4 x2 1 x 0, 0 x 1, x 1
5x 4 4 and taking union of all answers we get options
5x 8 1 1
8 46.
x 1 x 2
5
8 1 x 2
1 x
5 x 1
2 x4
1 x 1
x 2 5x 4 x 2 4
2 x2 5x 0 COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
x 2 x 5 0
5 P ar agr ap h - I
x
2
x4
47.
x2 5x 4 x2 4
5 x 8
8
x
5
x4
8 5
Union of all x 0, 5 , 2 ,

45. x x 1 x 1 1 x f x 3 x 4 4 x3 12 x 2
f 1 x 12 x3 12 x2 24 x 0

x 1 x x 2 1 1 x
x3 x 1 x
x x2 x 2 0
x3 2 x 1 0 x 0 x=-2, x=1
x3 2 x 1 0 f 0 0, f 1 5, f 2 32
x 1 x x 1 1 0
Given equation f x g x , when
x 1 x 2 x 1 0
g x 5a
1 5 1 5

x 1 x2 x1 0 x1 x x 0 has no solution If

2 2 32
5a 32, a a 6.4 least posi-
5
tive value of a is 7
48. for the above equation to have 4-distinct
solution
5 5a 0 ; 0 a 1
32 32
1 5 49. 5a 32 ; a 5 a 5 ,
x , 1
2
Similarly by taking
72
Paragraph - II f 1 x 4 x 3 12 x 2 16 x 0
50.
x 0 x 2 3x 4 0
x 4, x 1
f 0 0, f 1 3, f 4 128
Given equation has no real roots if
k 128
k 128
54. above equation has 3-distinct real roots
k 3 k 3
if
k 0 k 0
f x x3 3x, g x K 55. The above equation has 2-real roots Iff
f 1
x 3x 2
3 0 128 k 3
3 k 128 or k 0 k 0
x 1or 1 k , 0
f 1 2, f 1 2
Given equation has only one real root. If Paragraph - IV
K 2orK 2
51. g x K will definitely intersect the above
56.
graph for at least one real values of x .

required answer is
52. 3- distinct real roots occurs If 2 K 2
2
x a x 1 0
2
x 1
a
Paragraph - III x
2
x 1
f x g x a
x
53.
1
If x 0 f x x
x
g x a 2
Given equation has no real roots if
a 2 a 2,
57. Any line parallel to x-axis intersect the graph
either in 0-points or 2-points or 4-points we
never get 3-points
f x x 4 4 x 3 8 x 2 , g x k Hence required Answer is
73
58. a 2 a 2 3 x2 x a
a , 2 only for positive real values of x iff
Pragraph - V 13 13
3 a ; a 3,
4 4
MATRIX-MATCHING QUESTIONS
59.
6 x8 x
61. (A) Put y 7 x
2
Given equation to reduce y 4 6 y 2 7 0
y 1 or 1
x8 , 6
3 x2 x a
x2 x4
(B) y x 3
f x 3 x2 , g x x a 2
x y3
Also 3 x2 x a 6 6
x2 x a 3 0
y 1 y 1 64
Disc>0
2 y 6 15 y 4 15 y 2 1 64
13
a y 6 15 y 4 15 y 2 1 32
4
2
3 x x a y2 1
x2 x a 3 0 y 1 or 1
1 4 a 3 0 x 4 or 2
13 4a 0
2
2

(C) x x x x 2 24
13
a Put x2 x t
4
t t 2 24
If a 3 then x a is passing through (0,3)
t 2 2t 24 0
If a 3 then x a 3 x 2 atleast for one
negative x . t 6 t 4 0
13 13 t 6, t 4
If a , the x a touches 3 x2 To
4 4
have at least one negative x satisfies the given x2 x 6 0 x2 x 4 0
13 x 2 3x 2 x 6 0
inequality x
4 x 3 x 2 0
60.
x2
(D) rewrite the given equation as
x2 x 1 x 1
2 7 2 13
x 1 x x 1
x2 x 1
Put t then proceed
x 1
We get x 6
74
62. (A) Apply wave sign graph method. x2 x 1

2 2

2b 2c ac ab 2 ac ab
2 1
x b c , x
b 2
a 4b 4c a 4b 4c 0
3 2 2 b c
4 7 B) x 3x 3 x 2 x x x
x 5 exclude a a
3 2
2,3,4 only 3-values integral x exist b c
r 3 2
(B) x 2 9 x2 6 x 9 a a
6x 9 9 a b
2 3
6x 0 c a
x0 b c 2a
3
a a C
x 2 6 x 9 8 x 25 If a b c above equation holds good
x 2 2 x 16 0 2b C
Similarly 3
2 68 2 68 C a
x
2 2 abc
C) Since given equation has common roots so
2 2 17
0 x both the equations are identical.
2
a b c
0 x 1 17 3x 2,3, 4,5,1
1 2 3
(C) 5 x 1 x 2 2 x 1 (D) apply.
Common roots condition.
x2 3x 2 0
64. A) 3 3 7
x2 2 x x 2 0 3
x x 2 11 2 0 3 7
27 3 3 7
x 1 x 2 0
x 1, x 2 20 9
20
x 12 7 x 3
9
x2 2 x 1 7 x 3 Required equation is
x2 5x 4 0 20
x 2 3x 0
9
x 1 x 4 0
9 x 2 27 x 20 0
1 x 4 B) 7 th root of unity
p q 1
pq 2 4 3 5 6
4 6 1 5 1 1 2 3
2 x2 x 2 0
2 x 4 x 3 2
(D) similar to above x 3 27 x 3, 3 , 3
C)
63. A) 2b c a 2b
2c b a 2c
75
2 2 2 t 2
3
x2 2 2x
3
2 2
x2 2x 2 0
3 2
2
x 1 1 0

3 No real roots
Equation whose roots are and 2 C) x 2 x 1 0
x2 x 1 0 x , 2 are roots.
1 7 2007
D) , x 2007 2007
2 2

x2 x 1 0

3 669

= -1
2 2 1
2 2007
1
x x 1 0 x

1
x 2007 2007
2
1 x
4 7 x
2
x
7
x 1 0
D) 4 15 t
x
2 1 x 1
4 15
27 t
x2 x 1 0 4 15
14 1
t 62
14 x 2 27 x 14 0 t
2
t 62t 1 0
2
65.
2
A) x x 12 0 62 62 4 2
t
2

4 15
x 4 x 3 0
x 2
x 3 x 3, 3 4 15 4 15 x2
Sum of real roots is 0. 2
x2 2 x
4 15 x 2
B) 8. 2 6
x x 2 ASSERTION & REASON QUESTIONS
x2 2
Put t
x 66. If a > 0, then graph of y ax 2 2bx c is
8 concave upward. Also if b 2 ac O , then
t 6
t the graph always lies above x-axis, hence,
2
t 6t 8 0 ax 2 2bx c 0 , for all real values of x.
t 4 t 2 0 Then domain of f x ax 2 2bx c is R.
t 4 x2 2 4x If b 2 ac 0, then ax 2 2bx c never cuts
x2 4x 2 0 the x-axis whether y is positive or negative.
2 Hence both statements are correct but state-
x 2 2 ment 2 is not correct explanation of statement
x 2 2 1.Hence option (B).
Sum of roots = 4
76
67. The statement 4 x a 3 2 x a 4 0 can Statement - 1 is true

2
Statement-2
be written as 2 x a 3 2 x a 4 0 Given equation is x 2 x 1 0 0
2 x 1 and 2 x a 4 , 2 are its roots
we have x 0 and 2 x a 4 ( x is non 19 19
positive) 7
7 2 14 2
0 a 4 1
4a5 19 , 7 are roots of x 2 x 1 0
a 4,5 Statement - 2 is true
But statement 2 is not correct explanation for
If ax 2 bx c is non positive x , then the statement -1.
graph should touch the x-axis from below and Hence option (B).
graph should lie on the negative y-axis. 70. Statement-1:
Hence b 2 4ac must be negative or zero and 1
a must be negative. ix 2 i 1 x i 0
2
Hence statement 1 and statement 2 are correct
but staement 2 is not correct explanation for 2 1
statement 1. i 1 i 1 4 i i
2
Hence option (B). x
68. 2i
Statement - 1 i 1 4
x
sin x cos x 1, 0 2i
2 i 1 2i i 1 1 3i
Equality holds for x = 2 i.e, x ,
2i 2i 2i
sin x cos x 1 Roots are imaginary
for x = 2 Statement 1 is true.
If x < 2, then sin x cos x 1 Also we have b 2 4ac 4 0 but this is not
x 2 sin x cos x 1 the reason for which roots are imaginary as
x , 2 coefficients of the equation are imaginary.
Hence both the statements are correct but
Statement 1 is true. statement 2 is not correct explanation of
Statement 2 statement 1.
sin 2 cos 2 1 R Hence option (B).
x x 1 71. Given equations are
sin 2 cos 2 is false.
2 2 2 ax 2 2bx c 0 1
Statement 2 is false. a1 x 2 2b1 x c1 0 2
Hence option (C).
Since equations (1) and (2) have only one
69. Statement 1: x 2 3x 2 x 1 x 2 common root and a, b, c, a1 , b1 , c1 are rational,
1,2 are the roots of the equation therefore common root cannot be imaginary or
x 4 px 2 q 0 irrational because irrational roots occur in
conjugate pair when coefficients are rational
1 p q 0 1 and and complex roots always occur in conjugate
16 4 p q 0 2 pairs.
Hence the common roots must be rational.
1 2 15 3 p 0 p 5 Therefore both roots of equations (1)and (2)
1 becomes 1 5 q 0 q 4 will be rational. Therefore 4 b 2 ac and
4 b12 a1c1 must be perfect squares (squares
77
of rational numbers). Hence b 2 ac and 74. Let f x x 2 2 a 3 x 9 as 6 lies
b12 a1c1 must be perfect squares.
between the roots of f x 0, we can take
Hence option (A).
72. Suppose the roots are imaginary. Then D 0 and f 6 0
Case 1 : If D 0 then
1 1
and , which is not possible. 2
4 a 3 4 1 9 0

The roots are real. So p 2 q b 2 ac 0 2
a 3 32 0
Hence statement 1 is correct.
2b 1
Also and
a
c
, 2 p
a
q a a 6 0
If 1 Then q
a ,0 6, (1)
c qa which is not possible Case 2 : If f 6 0
2b
36 12 a 3 9 0
Also 1
a
12a 9 0
2b
2 P 3
a a (2)
4
b ap which is not possible Hence
Statement 2 is Correct, but it is not correct 3
From (1) & (2) we get a
explanation of Statement 1 4
Hence Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are
73. a 3 b3 c3 3abc
correct but R is not the correct explanation of

a b c a2 b2 c2 ab bc ca 0 A. Hence option (B)
2
1 75. Since 3 4 2 4 0 Roots are
2
2 2
2
a b c a b b c c a 0
imaginary for 2 x2 3 x 4 0
2 2 2
abc0 ab bc ca 0 as abc Now 2,3, 4 R , Roots are conjugate to
each other
2
But equation is ax bx c 0 one root is common in ax2 bx c 0
x 1 is a root a b c 0 and 2 x2 3 x 4 0
If one root is common then other root is also
c common .
If other root is , then .1
a
Roots are conjugate a, b, c R Hence
c
1 both equations are identical
a
Which is Positive or negative a : b : c 2 : 3 : 4
Hence Asserion (A) : is True and Reason (R) is
Hence both roots are real and distinct . Hence True but R is not correct expanation of A
(D)
Hence option (b)
78
20 20 1 1
76. For x 0 , sin 2 0 co s 2 0 ,
4 3 6
1 n
sin1 cos1
2
( impossible ) lt
n
Sr 2 ....... 2 .....
r 1
x0

x x
2 2 1 1
Again 2 x.2 x
2 1 1
x x 2
2 2
1
2 3 6 0
2 1 1 1 1
3 6

2sin 2 x cos 2 x 1
2
79. 22 x 7 x 5
20
1 x x
x x
sin 2 cos 2 2 2
4
2 x2 7 x 5 0
(or) sin 2.2 x 1 Discriminant b 2 4ac
7 2 4 2 5 49 40

sin 2 x1 1 ( Impossible)
90
1 x
x
Hence equation sin 2 cos 2 2 2
4
x x
2 real roots
has no solutions 1 1 1
80. f x 0
Number of solution is zero x sin A x sin B x sin C
A is false and R is true
Hence option (D)
77. -1 is a root of f x then
f x x 1 ax b
Given f 1 f 2 0
2 a b 3 2a b 0
8a 5b 0
b 8 81. Put x4 t t t 20 22
other root
a 5 22 t t 20
Hence A is True also R is true but R is not
correct explanation of A . 22 t 2 t 20
Hence option (b)
t 16 t 29 0
INTEGER QUESTIONS x 4 16 x4 29
x 2 no integral roots
78. Root Total number of integral roots = 2
1 5i 1 5i 82. Consider
, 1, 1
12 12 1 1 35
f xx , g x x 1,1 0
1 x2 12
79
x 4 4 x 3 12 x 2 1 x
let x 4 4 x3 12 x 2 f x
f ' x 0 4 x 3 12 x 2 24 x 0 x 0 only
real root only one turning point for f x at
x=0
let g x 1 x which is the straight line
84. x 2 2 a 1 x 2a 1 0 both roots
positive
(i) Disc 0
2
4 a 1 4 2a 1 0
a 2 4a 0
3 a4 & a0
1 1
f x
x 2
2

1 x2 2
2 x (ii) sum of the roots > 0
3 2 a 1 0
1
x

2 x 1 x2 2
a 1
(iii) Product of the roots > 0
3
1 2a 1 0

f x 0 2 x 1 x2 2
x 1
a
3 2
1 x
x 2 2 3
a 4 , Hence least value = 4
85. Hint: 0 k 1 , each root 4 ,
1 x x
2 2
8k 64k 2 64k 2 64k 64
4
2x 2 1 2
1 min value of k 2
x
2 x 2 3
x 2 3 1
1
86. 5 2 6
52 6
10
x f x 0 only at
2 x 2 3
x
1 52 6 t
2 1
t 10
Extraneous root t
1
f
35 t 2 10t 1 0
2 2 2 2 12
2 10 96
t 52 6
83. 2
x 2 3
5 2 6
52 6
x 2 3
5 2 6 5 2 6
1
x2 3 1
5 2 6
80
x2 4 x2 3 1 t 3 t 1 0
x 2 x2 2 x 2 t 1,
product of real roots x0
2 2 2 2 8 f 0
4
2
87. Consider 2
f x sin 4 x, g x x 2 x1 x x 1
2 Lt f x
x
f x 0x R Max. Value Lt f x 3
x
2
4 1 1 1 3

4 1 4
2
Disc. 1 4 1 1 3 0
Coeff. of x 2 0
g x 0 x R .
a f x is satisfied when a 2 .
f x g x has no real roots.
88. Consider 7 x t 90. 4
97 x a, 4 x b 97 x a 4 , b 4 x
ab 5
t 14 t 14 16
a 4 b 4 97
4
2 t 6t 1 16 2
4
a 4 b 4 a b 4a 3b 6a 2b 2 4ab3
t 4 6t 2 1 8 2
4 2
ab 50 ab 264 0
t 6t 7 0
ab 6, ab 44

t 2 7 t 2 1 0 a 3, b 2 or a 2, b 3
t2 1 x 81,16
7 x 1, 7 x 1 4 11x 6
91. Consider f x x , g x
x 6, x 8 2 roots 6 x 11
89. 4 x a.2 x a 3 0 11
Lt g x
x 6
4x 3 a 2 x 1 11
Lt g x
4x 3 x 6
a
2x 1 6
g 0
4x 3 11
consider f x x 6 x 1111 11x 6 6
2 1 g x 2
t2 3 6 x 11
2x t , f x
t 1 85
2
0
t 1 2t t 2 3
f x

dt 0
6 x 11

t 12 dx

t 2 2t 3 0
81

2A

Încărcat de

Informații document

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

2A

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS AND EXPRESSION JEE ADVANCED - VOL - II

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS AND EXPRESSION

x integral part of x or greatest integer not (v) For r I , x r x r

(c) Nearest Integer: x denotes the nearest D1 and D2 0

(b) If f m and f n have same sign, then

(a) Let f x 0 be a quadratic equation.

between m and n or both roots out side the

(d) If f x is an increasing or decreasing function (b) If the coefficients of equation f x 0

Explanation: Let f x 0 be a polynomial Number of changes of signs of coefficients in

y f x and y g x intersect. (i) If f f 0 , then equation f x 0

f ' x 3ax 2 2bx c

(ii) If and are real and equal and

(b) If f 0 and f ' 0 , then equa- LEVEL - IV

a1 , a2 , a3 ,......, an fixed natural numbers C) ( , ) D) ( , 2) ( , )

the root is square of the other, then p is x 4 6 x 2 25 and 3 x 4 4 x 2 28 x 5

23. The number of solutions of 30. Consider the polynomial equation

C) , 1 1, 2, sents fractional part of a real number then

38. If x 2 2 x a 0 has no solution then

1 21 1 21 Consider the equation x3 3x K 0

55. The above equation has 2-real roots and Column - II

ASSERTION & REASON QUESTIONS 71. Statement - 1: If a, b, c, a1 , b1 , c1 aree

72. Let a, b, c, p, q be real numbers. Suppose

6 84. The least postive integral value of a for

3 roots of x 2 8kx 16 k 2 k 1 =0 are real

47) C 48) A 49) B x 1 3

of (2)) <0 two values of x possible in this case

14. It has exactly one root such that 1 2

19. f(x) is also a factor of

CaseII: 31. The roots of

graph for at least one real values of x .

62. (A) Apply wave sign graph method. x2 x 1

67. The statement 4 x a 3 2 x a 4 0 can Statement - 1 is true

S-ar putea să vă placă și