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1. Japan comprises of how many Islands or Japanese archipelago? Ans: 6852 Islands.
2. Which is the largest city of Japan and on which Island is it located? Ans: Tokyo on Honshu
Island.
3. 4 main Islands of Japan are called: Home Islands. a) Honshu b) Hokkaido c) Kyushu d) Shikoku.
4. Worlds highest waterfall? Ans: Angel Falls in Venezuela (979 metres or 3212-ft).
7. Continents by size (descending): Asia, Africa, N.America, S.America, Antarctica, Europe &
Australia
8. Continents by population (descending): Asia, Africa, Europe, N.America, S.America, Australia &
Antarctica (No permanent residents but up to 4,000 researchers and personnel in the summer
and 1,000 in the winter)
a. Asia has the highest and lowest points on earth. Mt. Everest is the highest point on
earth at 29,029 feet above sea level. The lowest point is the Dead Sea, which is more
than 1,400 feet below sea level.
b. Africa is home to the longest river in the world, the Nile (Egypt). It stretches 6,853 km
(4,258 miles) from Sudan to the Mediterranean Sea.
c. North America boasts the largest freshwater lake in the world, Lake Superior. One of
the Great Lakes, Superior covers more than 31,700 square miles between the U.S. and
Canada.
d. South America has the longest mountain range in the world. The Andes Mountains
stretch 4,300 miles from Venezuela south to Chile.
e. Europe lays claim to the largest and smallest nations in the world. Russia is the biggest
at 6.6 million square miles, while Vatican City is the smallest at 109 acres.
f. Australia is the smallest continent and the only one to be a single nation.
g. Antarctica is covered in more ice than any other continent. Nearly 98 percent of this
southernmost continent is ice-bound.
10. Deepest point in the oceans: Mariana Trench in Pacific Ocean (11kms or 7miles deep from
surface) and the only people who have dived successfully to Mariana trench are: Jacques Piccard
and Navy Lt. Don Walsh 1960.
11. Height of Mount Everest: 8848-m or 29029-ft (Location: The international border between
China & Nepal, Himalayan range) (First ascent: 29 May 1953 by Edmund Hillary and Tenzing
Norgay) (highest peak of Himalayan range)
12. Pakistanis who have climbed Mt. Everest: Nazir Sabir, Hasan Sadpara, Samina Baig (the 1st &
only Pakistani woman) & Abdul Jabbar Bhatti.
13. Height of K-2 (Mount Godwin-Austen or Korakaram-2 or Chhogori): 8,611- m or 28,251 ft
(located on the China-Pakistan border Gilgit Baltistan Xinjiang) (it is the highest peak of
Korakaram range & 2nd highest peak in the world after Everest)
14. Height of Nanga Parbat (killer mountain): 8,126-m or 26,660-ft (9th highest peak in the world)
(Location: Astore-Gilgit Baltistan) (it is the highest peak of Himalaya in Pakistan)
16. Bermuda triangle: located in North Atlantic Ocean. Its 3 vertices are:
a. Miami, Florida, US
b. San Juan, Puerto Rico
c. Bermuda
17. How many states are there in America? 50 {Largest (size): Alaska, Largest (population):
California}
a. Afghanistan: Durand Line 2430 kms (named after Sir Mortimer Durand, who was the
foreign secretary of the British India. The border was established in November 1893
after an agreement between Afghanistan and the British Empire.)(Khyber pass is a
mountain pass connecting the town of Landi Kotal, near the Afghanistan and Pakistan
border, to the Valley of Peshawar)
b. Iran: Pakistan-Iran Barrier 909 kms (Iran has built a 700 km concrete wall that is, three
feet wide and 10 feet high, to stop the flow of illegal border crossings.)
c. India: The Radcliffe Line 2912 kms (became the official border between Pakistan and
India on August 17, 1947. As the border was established by Sir Cyril Radcliffe the
chairman of the Indo-Pakistan Boundary Commission therefore it was named after
him. Wagah is the only road border crossing between India and Pakistan, and lies on the
Grand Trunk Road between the cities of Amritsar and Lahore. Wagah is also famous for
'the lowering of the flags' ceremony which is held there every evening, and is witnessed
by a large crowd from both the nations. Wagah is actually a village from which the
Radcliffe line was drawn separating India and Pakistan.)
d. China: 523 kms (The Khunjerab Pass is the highest paved international border crossing.
The famous agreement called the Sino-Pakistan Agreement was passed in 1963 between
Pakistan and China, according to which both countries agreed on the border between
them. The Karakoram Highway, also known as the Eighth Wonder of the World, lies on
the border between Pakistan and China. It connects Sinkiang Uighur of China and Gilgit
Baltistan of Pakistan and is one of the highest paved international roads in the world.)
e. Arabian Sea: 1046 kms.
f. Total Border lenghth: 6774 kms.
g. Total Area: 796,095 km2 8 lac km2 approx (36th in the world area wise)
22. Kalashnikov (AK-47 assault rifle) inventor: Mikhail Kalashnikov (Russian General)
24. Which disease is transmitted by mosquito bite: Malaria (by female mosquito transmitting
plasmodium bacteria), Dengue.
25. Disease caused by Vitamin-A (retinol) deficiency: Night-blindness. Prevention: dark green leafy
vegetables, bright-colored fruits (mango, papaya)
26. Disease caused by Vitamin-B1 (thiamine) deficiency: Beriberi. Symptoms: weakness, pain,
weight loss, difficulty walking, and emotional disturbances. Caused by only eating white rice.
27. Disease caused by Vitamin-C (ascorbic acid) deficiency: Scurvy Symptoms: lethargy,
progressing on to spotty skin, losing teeth, and bleeding and swollen gums. Slow wound healing
and general weakness is also a regular symptom. If left untreated scurvy can be fatal.
Prevention: citrus fruits/ varied diet.
28. Disease caused by Vitamin-D deficiency: Rickets Symptoms: softening of bones in children
usually resulting in fractures and deformities. This is due to the fact that vitamin D plays a key
role in calcium absorption and the building of strong, healthy bones.
29. SAARC: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation - (HQ: Kathmandu, Nepal.) -
(Members: 8 - Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, the Maldives, Pakistan and Sri
Lanka.) (Last SAARC summit = 19th Summit at Islamabad, Pakistan Cancelled due to Indias
Isolation tactics.)
30. OPEC: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries - (HQ: Vienna, Austria) (Members =
14 (Middle-East = Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi, UAE Afria = Algeria, Angola, Equatorial
Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria S.America = Ecuador, Venezuela)
31. SCO: Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (previously, Shanghai Five) (HQ: Beijing, China)
(Members: 8 - China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, India & Pakistan)
32. NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization (HQ: Brussels, Belgium) (Members: 29)
(intergovernmental military alliance between several North American and European states)
33. ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian Nations (Secretariat: Jakarta, Indonesia) (Members:
10 - Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Brunei, Cambodia, Laos,
Myanmar, and Vietnam)
35. NAFTA: North American Free Trade Agreement (Members: 3 USA, Canada and Mexico)
(trilateral trade bloc in North America)
36. ECO: Economic Cooperation Organization (HQ: Tehran, Iran) - (Members: 10 5 Central Asian
Republics: Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakistan, Kyrgistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan,
Iran, Turkey, Azerbaijan) (Eurasian political and economic intergovernmental organization which
was founded in 1985 in Tehran by the leaders of Iran, Pakistan and Turkey. It provides a
platform to discuss ways to improve development and promote trade and investment
opportunities.)
37. OIC: Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (HQ: Jeddah, KSA) (Members: 57) - (it is "the
collective voice of the Muslim world" and works to "safeguard and protect the interests of the
Muslim world in the spirit of promoting international peace and harmony") (Last Summit: 13th
Islami Summit at Istanbul, Turkey in 14th April 2016)
39. Red sea is b/w Asia and Africa. Also called: Gulf of Arabia.
40. Dead Sea: is a salt lake bordered by Jordan to the east and Israel and Palestine to the west.
Salinity makes for a harsh environment in which plants and animals cannot flourish, hence its
name. The Dead Seawater has a density of 1.24 kg/litre, which makes swimming similar to
floating.
41. Important Straits: Strait: a narrow passage of water connecting two seas or two other large
areas of water.
a. The Strait of Hormuz is a strait between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. It
provides the only sea passage from the Persian Gulf to the open ocean and is one of the
world's most strategically important choke points. On the north coast lies Iran, and on
the south coast the United Arab Emirates and Musandam, an exclave of Oman. At its
narrowest, the strait has a width of 29 nautical miles (54 km). About 20% of the world's
petroleum (about 35% of the petroleum traded by sea) passes through the strait,
making it a highly important strategic location for international trade.
b. Strait of Malacca: connects the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. Longest strait of
World.
c. Strait of Gibraltar: connects Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean.
d. Bering Strait: separates Asia from America.
e. Palk Strait: separates India from Srilanka.
f. Messina Strait: separates Italy from Sicily.
g. Panama Canal: links Caribbean Sea with the Pacific Ocean.
h. Suez Canal: b/w Red Sea and Mediterranean Sea.
Karachi Kaulachi
Sahiwal Montgomery
Swat Rowdayana
Makkah Batha
Madina Yasrab
Abyssinia Ethiopia
Beijing Peking
Iran Persia
Iraq Mesopotamia
Zimbabwe Rhodesia
Thailand Siam
France Gaul
Myanmar Burma
Taiwan Formosa
Japan Nippon
46. Fort Abbas and its details: formerly known as Pholra, is a town and a tehsil in Bahawalnagar
District in the Cholistan Desert of Punjab, Pakistan. It is situated south of Haroonabad, near
Faqirwali, on the border of Pakistan and India. Fort Abbas is a historical city and had a strategic
importance during the Nawab of Bahawalpur's rule. It was known as Pholra until it was renamed
in 1927 by Nawab Sir Sadiq, who named it on his eldest son, Muhammad Abbas.
48. Some important Life events in the Holy Prophets (SAW) life:
Born: 12th Rabi-ul-Awal 570 or 571 AD (Year of the elephant)
In Care of: Bibi Halima (RA) till the age of 2 years
With mother Bibi Amina (RA) till the age of 6 when she died. (576 AD)
1st Guardian: paternal grandfather Abd al-Muttalib (RA) who died on: 578 AD
2nd Guardian: Uncle - Abu Talib (RA)
Married to Hazrat Bibi Khadija (RA) on: 595 AD
Attained Prophet hood on: 610 AD (40 yrs old) at Cave of Hira.
Children: 3 Sons (Qasim, Abd-Allah, Ibrahim) 4 Daughters (Zainab, Ruqayyah, Umm
Kulthoom, Fatimah Zahra)
Wives:
i. Hazrat Khadija bint Khuwaylid (RA) 595619
ii. Hazrat Sauda bint Zama (RA) 619632
iii. Hazrat Aisha bint Abi Bakr (RA) 619632
iv. Hazrat Hafsa bint Umar (RA) 624632
v. Hazrat Zaynab bint Khuzayma (RA) 625627
vi. Hazrat Umme Salamah (R.A) bint Abi Umayya 625632
vii. Hazrat Zaynab bint Jahsh (RA) 627632
viii. Hazrat Juwairiah bintul Harith (R.A)628632
ix. Hazrat Umme Habibah (R.A) bint Abi Sufyan 628632
x. Hazrat Rayhana bint Zayd (RA) 629631
xi. Hazrat Safiyyah (R.A) bint Huyayy 629632
xii. Hazrat Maimoonah (R.A) bint al-Harith 630632
xiii. Hazrat Maria al-Qibtiyya (RA) 630632