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Starter Grammar reference

unit
Past simple Present simple and present
Affirmative I / You / He / She / It / We / They got up early.
continuous
Negative I / You / He / She / It / We / They didnt get up Uses
early. The present simple is used for routines or repeated
Questions Did / I / you / he / she / it / we / they get up actions.
early? She reads her book every night.
Regular verbs The present continuous is used for actions in progress.
cook cooked
Theyre shopping for clothes at the moment.
prepare prepared
The present continuous is also used for the immediate
stop stopped future.
study studied Im having a coffee with my friend this afternoon.
Irregular verbs Note: some verbs are not usually used in the
There are no rules for the formation of irregular verbs. continuous form: believe, belong, hate, imagine, know,
See the list of irregular verbs on page 120. like, love, prefer, remember, think, understand and want.
I prefer chocolate ice cream.
Uses
We use the past simple, regular and irregular verbs, to Comparative and superlative
describe or ask about a completed action in the past.
adjectives
We ate spicy food last night. Did you like it?
We use the past simple when we know when an action adjective comparative superlative
happened. Short adjectives sweet sweeter the sweetest
We saw Zack yesterday. We didnt see him today.
Short adjectives rare rarer the rarest
ending in -e
Present simple Short adjectives hot hotter the hottest
ending in a
Affirmative Negative Questions vowel and a
I / You sleep. I / You dont sleep. Do I / you sleep? consonant
He / She / It sleeps. He / She / It Does he / she / it Adjectives healthy healthier the
doesnt sleep. sleep? ending in -y healthiest
We / They sleep. We / They dont Do we / they Long adjectives interesting more the most
sleep. sleep? interesting interesting
Irregular good better best
Present continuous adjectives bad worse worst
Uses
Affirmative Negative Questions
We use comparative adjectives + than to compare two
Im eating. Im not eating. Am I eating? or more things or people.
Youre eating. You arent eating. Are you eating?
Melon is sweeter than orange.
He / She / It is He / She / It isnt Is he / she / it
eating. eating. eating? We use superlative adjectives to say that a thing or a
We / They are We / They arent Are we / they person is / isnt the most / the best.
eating. eating. eating? Curry is the tastiest food in the world!

80 Starter unit Grammar reference

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