PLANNING OF PORTS

CLASSIFICATION OF PORTS FISHING PORTS

Sea Ports Fishing ports mainly donates to the commercial

Inland Ports sphere as it participates in fishing.
Fishing Ports The existence of a fishing port entirely relies
Warm Water Ports upon the availability of fishes in that region of
Dry Ports the ocean. A fishing port can be an inland port
Cruise Home Ports or a seaport.
Cargo Ports Navotas Fish Port Complex

SEA PORTS

Most common types of ports around the world.

A seaport can be further categorized as cargo
port or cruise port.
Special warehouses are also constructed to
store the shipment, and to maintain the regular
stocking.
WARM WATER PORTS
Port of Shanghai (Shanghai, China)
The biggest advantage where a warm water
port is concerned, is that the water does not
freeze during the frosty winters.
Therefore, it is free to operate all year round
without a temporary shutdown during the
freezing time.
The Port of Murmansk (Murmansk, Russia)

Batangas Port

DRY PORTS
INLAND PORTS
Built on comparatively smaller water bodies
such as rivers or lakes.
Inland ports can either be for cargo purposes or
for passengers or for both.
They have access to the sea with the help of a
canal system.
St. Lawrence Seaway (Montreal, Canada)
Inland terminals that can be interconnected
with a seaport via road or rail transportation
facilities.
A dry port proves useful in the trade of
importing and exporting cargo.
A dry port consists of all the necessary
machinery to handle the constant clearance of
shipment.
Laguna Dry Port
CRUISE HOME PORTS champagne, and any other supplies needed for
the cruise.
Specializes in dealing with the activities of a
cruise ships. Cruise capital of the world
A cruise home port is also capable of providing
Port of Miami, florida
the essential provisions required for a luxurious
cruise voyage.
Port of Call
Port of Manila (SuperStar Virgo)

Port everglades, florida

CARGO PORTS

These ports are also known as bulk ports or

break bulk ports.
A cargo port may be designed to deal with
single, as well as multiple types of products.
Deep water ports are sometimes used along Port of san juan, Puerto rico
with those cargo ports which do not have
sufficient depth to allow big ships.
A cargo port which engages in the transfer of
containerized goods is referred to as a
container port.
Manila International Container Terminal
Cargo port

quite different from cruise ports, because each

handles very different cargo, which has to be
loaded and unloaded by very different
mechanical means.
FUNCTIONS OF PORTS handles numerous cargoes, such as grains,
liquid fuels, liquid chemicals, wood,
Sea port automobiles, etc.
Can be further categorized as a "cruise port" or Such ports are known as the "bulk" or "break
a "cargo port. bulk ports".
"cruise ports" are also known as a "home port" Those ports that handle containerized cargo are
or a port of call. known as container ports.
The "cargo port" is also further categorized into Most cargo ports handle all sorts of cargo, but
a "bulk" or "break bulk port" or as a "container some ports are very specific as to what cargo
port". they handle.
Cargo port
Cruise port

where cruise-ship passengers embark to start

their cruise and disembark the cruise ship at the
end of their cruise.
where the cruise ship's supplies are loaded for
the cruise, which includes everything from fresh
water and fuel to fruits, vegetables,
Inland port

a port on a navigable lake, river (fluvial port), or

canal with access to a sea or ocean.
Ship are able to sail from the ocean inland to
the port to load or unload its cargo.
St. Lawrence seaway

PORTS PLANNING

INDIVIDUAL PORT PLANNING

NATIONAL PORT PLANNING

INDIVIDUAL PORT PLANNING

Fishing port LONG-TERM PLANNING (MASTER PLAN)

SHORT-TERM PLANNING
a port or harbor for landing and distributing
fish. LONG-TERM PLANNING
It may be a recreational facility, but it is usually (MASTER PLAN)
commercial.
the only port that depends on an ocean OUTLINE OF THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF
product, and depletion of fish may cause a THE PORT.
fishing port to be uneconomical. PLAN FOR 10-20 YEARS.
Fishing port INCLUDES PHYSICAL LAYOUT PLANS FOR LAND
AND WATER AREAS.
DEMMAND FORECAST OF THE PORT.

LONG-TERM PLAN OUTLINE:

Warm water port

the water does not freeze in wintertime.

Since the port is available year-round, warm-
water ports can be of great geopolitical or
economic interest.
Warm water port
SHORT TERM PLANNING

DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF THE PORT IN MORE

CONCRETE TERMS.

INCLUDES:

Dry port DETAILED TRAFFIC FORECAST.

STRUCTURAL TYPES FOR MAIN PORT
an inland intermodal terminal directly
FACILITIES.
connected by road or rail to a seaport and
o MEASURED USING TWO DISCOUNT
operating as a centre for the transshipment of
RATIOS
sea cargo to inland destinations.
FINANCIAL INTERNAL RATE OF
Dry port RETURN (FIRR)
ECONOMIC INTERNAL RATE OF
RETURN (EIRR)
SHORT-TERM PLAN OUTLINE:

NATIONAL PORT PLANNING

CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN SERVES

AS A GUIDELINE FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF
INDIVIDUAL PORT PLAN.
o TARGET OF PORT DEVELOPMENT.
o NATIONAL TRAFFIC DEMMAND.
o NATIONWIDE ALLOCATION OF PORTS.
o ESTIMATION OF FACILITY DEMMANDS.

NATIONAL PORT PLANNING

FINANCIAL PLANNING.
o BUDGETARY ALLOCATION IN A PERIOD
OF TIME.
o EXECUTION PLAN WITH FINANCIAL
BACKING.

CONTENTS OF PORT PLANNING

Main components in port planning

Analysis of present condition and role of the

port
Demand forecast
Scale and layout of port facilities
Engineering design, implementation plan and
cost estimate
Management and operation system
Economic and financial analysis

MAIN PROCEDURES OF PORT PLANNING

VESSEL CHARACTERISTICS AND DIMENSIONS
Deadweight Tonnage
a measure of how much mass a include the weight of Ro-Ro Vessel
the ship. MV Tnsberg
- sum of the weights of cargo, fuel, fresh water, Largest roll-on/roll-off ship
ballast water, provisions,passengers, and crew 41,820 DWT
Length: 265.0 meters
Typical sizes for main Builder: Mitsubishi
merchant ship types Heavy Industries
(compilation of data Delivered: 2011
from Strohbusch Port of registry: Vallet, Malta
(1971), Schneekluth Awarder Ship of the Year 2011, recognising
(1985), updated by its efficiency and environmental compatibility
Papanikolaou using IHS
Fairplay World Cruise Ship
Shipping Encyclopedia, MS Harmony of the Seas
v. 12.01, 2011) Largest in service cruise
ship
Cargo Ship 20,236 DWT
OOCL Hong Kong Length: 362.12 meters
Largest container ship Builder: STX France SA
197, 317 DWT Delivered: May 2016
Length: 399.87 meters Port of registry: Nassau,
Builder: Samsung Bahamas
Heavy Industries Operator: Royal
Delivered: May 2017 Caribbean International
Port of registry: Hong Capacity: 6,780
Kong maximum passengers
Crew: 2300
Bulk Carrier
MS Ore Brasil (Vale Brasil)
Largest bulk carrier
402,347 DWT
Length: 362.0 meters
Builder: Daewoo
Shipbuilding & Marine
Engineering Co. Ltd.
Delivered: March 2011
Port of registry:
Singapore
Designed to carry iron
ore from Brazil to Asia
Tanker
Seawise Giant Jahre Viking, Knock Nevis)
Largest tanker
564,763 DWT
Length: 458.45 meters
Builder: Sumitimo
Heavy Industries, Ltd.
Delivered: 1979
Out of service: 2009
Longest ship ever built
Possesed the greatest deadweight tonnage
ever recorder
Port Terminals
 PORTS AND HARBOR
PORTS
is a place on a coast containing one or more harbors
where ships can dock and transfer people or cargo to or
from the land.
HARBOR
The word harbor is derived from the Old English
Herebeorg.
A sheltered area of the sea in which vessels could be
launched, built or taken for repair; or could seek refuge
in time of storm; or provide for loading and unloading of
cargo and passengers.
A harbor is a place that is situated on the coast where
ships, boats, barges, etc. can be moored safely.
A port is located inside a harbor.
A harbor cannot be located inside a port.
ALEXANDRIA PORT
Engineers can handle the design, construction, and
operation of ports, harbors and canals.
FOUR IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS
Administrative
Development
Industrial
Commercial
LIST OF MAJOR PORTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
The Port of Manila (PANTALAN NG MAYNILA)
It is the largest and the premier international shipping
gateway to the country.
It is composed of 3 major facilities namely Manila North
Harbor, Manila South Harbor and the Manila
International Container Terminal.
Major trading partners included China and Japan, with
ties to India through the areas that are now Malaysia
and Indonesia
MANILA NORTH HARBOR
A 53-hectare area in Tondo, Manila and operated by the
Manila North Harbor Port Incorporated, has 7 piers
namely Pier 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
MANILA SOUTH HARBOR
A 80-hectare port facility located in Port Area, Manila
and operated by Asian Terminals Incorporated, has 5
piers namely Pier 3, 5, 9, 13 and 15
Manila International Container Terminal
It is located between the Manila North Harbor and the
Manila South Harbor and can be accessed by road
through MICT South Access Road.
It is one of Asia's major seaports and one of the
Philippines' most active ports.
The Batangas International Port (BATANGAS PIER)
The Philippines' largest oil port and a major ro-ro
terminal.
Is a seaport in Batangas City primarily serving the
CALABARZON region of the Philippines.
It serves as an alternate port to the Port of Manila.
In the 90's it was the second biggest port in the
Philippines in terms of revenue, just behind the Port
of Manila.
The Port of Cagayan de Oro (MACABALAN PORT)
The port is now the biggest international and
domestic seaport in Mindanao.
It serves regular cities trips to and from Metro
Manila, Cebu City, Tagbilaran, Bacolod, Dumaguete,
Iloilo City and Jagna, Bohol.
The Port of Davao
Davao Port (Filipino: Daungan ng Dabaw, Cebuano:
Pantalan sa Dabaw).
The Port of Davao is largely dominated by container
cargo, raw materials exportation, bulk cargo, general
cargo and passenger traffic facilities.
Is one of the Philippines major seaports alongside
Manila, Subic, Cebu, Zamboanga and others.
The Port of Subic
One of the Philippines' finest harbors and most strategic
base.
Is the former US Navy base and now a major cruise and
transshipment hub.
Port of Matnog
The busiest passenger ferry terminal on the AH-26.
Port of Cebu
The busiest seaport in the Philippines in terms of annual
passengers.
PORT OF SINGRAPORE
The world's second-busiest port in terms of total
shipping tonnage, it also trans-ships a fifth of the world's
shipping containers, half of the world's annual supply of
crude oil, and is the world's busiest transshipment port.
In 2010, Shanghai port overtook the Port of Singapore to
become the world's busiest container port.
Located in the vicinity of Shanghai, comprises a deep-sea
port and a river port.
In 2016, Shanghai port set a historic record by handling
over 37 million TEUs. (Twenty-foot equivalent unit)
PORT-RELATED MARINE STRUCTURES
PORT STRUCTURES QUAY
PORT / SEAPORT - A substitute for Wharf.
- It is a facility for - Great solid structures in large ports.
receiving ships and
QUAY APRON
transferring cargo.
- Area between the quay
- Usually situated at the
wall and the nearby
edge of an ocean, sea,
warehouse or storage
river, or lake.
facility.
- Have cargo-handling equipment such as cranes
and forklifts.
PIER
HARBOR
- Is a construction work extending into the harbor with
- It is a place of security
sufficient depth of water alongside to accommodate
and comfort.
vessels, also used as a promenade, or landing place for
- Small bay or sheltered passengers.
part of an area of
water.
JETTY
- Usually protected against high waves and
strong currents. - A small pier, usually made
of timbers for boats, yachts,
- Deep enough for anchorage for ships.
or fishing boats.
BERTH
- Any place where a ship
DOCK
can safely lie alongside a
quay, pier, or dock, at - Has number of meanings.
anchor, or a buoy, and where she can carry out - Can be an artificially
loadings/discharge operations or embark and enclosed basin
disembark passengers where vessels are
DRY DOCK brought for repair.

-Is a type of dock - Originally, it

consisting of a denotes an area of water that can
rectangular basin dug accommodate a ship.
into the shore of a body
of water and provided with a removable
BREAKWATER
enclosure wall or gate on the side toward the
water used for major repairs, and overhaul of - Artificial offshore
vessels. structure protecting
the harbor.
WHARF
- Intercept longshore
- It is the oldest term in
currents and tend to
English referring to port
prevent beach erosion.
structures.
- Denotes any structure of
timber, masonry, cement, or other material
built along, or at an angle to the navigable
waterway, with sufficient depth of water to
accommodate vessels and receive and
discharge cargo or passengers.
(6) PORT-RELATED MARINE STRUCTURES Decks
TOPICS The decks of modern port-related structures
Port Structures and Layout are constructed of concrete, either cast-in-place
Port Terminals or precast, or some combination of cast-in-
Vessel Characteristics and dimension place and pre cast
INTRODUCTION PORT TERMINALS
Port PORT
Port is a location on the coast that can be used to load provide facilities for shipping vessel to load or
and unload cargo. unload people or cargo. An area of both land
Harbour/Harbor and water.
Harbor is a place on the coast where ships, boats and TERMINAL
barges can seek shelter from a stormy weather. a man made facility that handle the vessels,
Port Structures and Layout people or cargo.
TYPES OF STRUCTURES Complete port facility for accomodating
Wharves (Open Wharves, Closed Wharves) loading/unloading, discharge of ship and stacking or
Piers handling of cargo on shore.
Sheet Pile Bulkheads Oil Terminal
Pile Caps Primarily engaged in the operation of a port terminal
Decks for import and export of crude oil, petroleum and
Wharves petrochemical products.
a man-made structure on a river or by the sea, Container Terminal
which provides an area for ships to safely dock. A facility where cargo containers are transshipped
Open Wharves This is a relieving, or low-level platform, between different transport vehicles.
a concept that is often cost-effective for deeper-water Maritime Container Terminal
applications where relatively large vessels are to be An Inland Container Terminal
accommodated.
Closed Wharves- This concept utilizes a continuous, Bulk Cargo Terminal
straight, heavy-duty steel sheet pile bulkhead. A commodity cargo that is transported unpackaged in
Piers large quantities.
Is a shore-connected marine structure for Refers to material in either liquid or granular
berthing vessels, which may be of several types Classified as liquid or Dry
of configurations principally categorized as OTHER TERMINALS
finger, T-head, and L-shaped. Roll On/ Roll Off
is a, normally wooden, structure which Ferry Terminal
protrudes from the shore at a level above the Cruise Terminal
water level, allowing ships to disembark LPG Terminal
passengers in the deeper water further out. Product Tanker Terminal
VESSEL CHARACTERISITICS AND DIMENSION
Sheet Pile Bulkheads VESSEL or SHIP
is a waterfront structure provided to permit an is a large watercraft that travels the world's oceans and
abrupt change in ground elevation s that the other sufficiently deep waterways, carrying passengers
ground level on one side is substantially higher or goods, or in support of specialized missions, such as
than the ground or seabed level on the other defense, research and fishing.
side. VESSEL CHARACTERISTICS
Pile Caps HULL The main body of the ship.
For port-related marine structures supported BOW The foremost point of the hull.
on steel piles, steel pile caps are sometimes DECK Nautical term for all floors that are below the
used, particularly in locations where good main deck.
quality cast-in-place concrete is not readily MAIN DECK The uppermost sheltered deck that
available. runs the entire length of a vessel. Also known as the 1st
Three Practical Alternatives deck.
1. Cast-in-place concrete STERN The rear, or aft-most, point of the hull.
2. Precast concrete KEEL The spine of the ship. Runs from bow to stern.
3. Precast/cast-in-place combination STEM Forward end of the keel extending up the bow.
VESSEL DIMENSIONS
LENGTH OVERALL (LOA)
Length from the tip of the bow to the stern.
LENGTH AT THE WATER LINE (LWL)
Length of the vessel underwater.

LENGTH BETWEEN PERPENDICULARS (LBP)

Length of the vessel along the waterline from
the forward surface of the stem, or main
bow perpendicular member, to the after surface of the
sternpost, or main stern perpendicular member.
BEAM -Vessels width at its widest point.
DRAFT -Vertical distance between the
waterline & the bottom of the hull.
DEPTH -Distance from the lowest point of the
hull to the first deck.
FREEBOARD -Distance from the waterline to
the first deck.