Statik und Dynamik der Flchentragwerke

MSc Computational Mechanics

Structural Dynamics - Summer term 2017

Assignment (Due: Friday, 5pm, 22/09/2017)

Part 1 (20 Marks)

Figure 1: Simplified model of a two-storey frame subjected to horizontal impact loads; Time
variation of loads.

A two-storey frame structure has been designed. It is your task to analyse the system for the
load case "Horizontal Impact".

In a first step, further simplify the system by idealising it as a system with two degrees of
freedom. Explain the assumptions you made. Formulate the equations of motion of the simpli-
fied system with 2 DOFs. Calculate the first two natural frequencies and natural mode shapes
of the system.

The impact load is approximately represented by two horizontal forces acting simultane-
ously at the two storey levels. The time dependence of these forces corresponds to a rectangular
pulse of duration td as shown in Fig. 1. Here, the forces P1  40 kN and P2  20 kN are acting
at the lower and upper storey, respectively.

Using modal analysis, analytically determine a closed-form solution for the horizontal
storey displacements due to impact. Plot the resulting displacement curves as functions of
time.

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Additional information:

All columns and beams are made of steel with

E  210  109 mN2 ,  0.28,  7850

kg
m3
.

All columns have identical cross sections. The two beams are also identical. Each beam car-
ries a concrete slab of thickness tp and width b  3.00 m. The mass density of concrete is
 2200 mkg3 . The concrete slab provides additional mass which must be considered, but does
not contribute to the bending stiffness.

The detailed geometrical dimensions as well as the duration of the pulse td are given in
Table 1 depending on your matriculation number.

Last digit of matriculation number L [m] H rms Beam Column tp rmms td rss
0 4 3 HEA 280 IPE 180 100 0.2
1 4.50 3.50 HEA 300 IPE 160 120 0.1
2 5 3 HEA 300 IPE 180 160 0.15
3 3.50 3 HEA 260 IPE 160 100 0.1
4 4 3.50 HEA 300 IPE 160 140 0.15
5 4 4 HEA 260 IPE 180 120 0.12
6 4.50 3 HEA 280 IPE 160 150 0.13
7 4.50 4 HEA 260 IPE 160 130 0.2
8 3.50 4 HEA 260 IPE 180 160 0.1
9 5 4 HEA 300 IPE 200 160 0.13

Table 1: Geometrical details and duration of pulse

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Part 2 (20 Marks)
A more detailed dynamic analysis of the system is now to be carried out using finite element
software. The following tasks are to be completed:

Tasks
1. Calculate the first two natural frequencies and natural mode shapes of the frame structure
corresponding to deformations of the frame in the x-y-plane only. Plots of the mode
shapes are to be included in your report. Demonstrate reasonable convergence of your
numerical results. Compare the fundamental natural frequency obtained numerically with
the result obtained in Part 1 of the assignment and discuss your observations. Give reasons
for differences, if applicable.

2. Determine the horizontal displacements of the two storey levels due to impact as functions
of time. It is required that at least the first two natural modes of the frame structure corre-
sponding to deformations in the x-y-plane are captured in the dynamic response. Compare
the resulting time variations of the displacements to the results obtained analytically in
Part 1 of the assignment. Discuss your observations and give reasons for deviations, if
applicable.

3. Consider another situation with a different duration of the pulse, td,new . The new values
are given Table 2 (based on your matriculation number). Repeat the calculation of the
horizontal storey displacements for this new value td,new . How does the change in td
affect the horizontal displacements? Give reasons for your observation!

Last digit of matriculation no. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

New pulse duration td,new rss 0.87 1.52 0.6 1.0 1.5 1.45 0.63 1.9 0.75 1.55

Table 2: Time duration of force pulse - new values

Submission
Please follow the instructions given on the course website. All parts of the assignment should
be submitted online using Moodle. You are also required to submit a paper copy of your report
to our secretary office V15 S03 D11. Please upload the following files:
1. The ANSYS (or other FEM software) files you used to perform the modal analysis and to
calculate the horizontal displacement responses in Part 2 of the assignment. When using
ANSYS Classic, please submit only the three separate *.db files (no results files please).
When using Workbench, submit the *.wbpj as well as the corresponding *_files folder
(clear the generated solution before saving).

2. A PDF copy of your report. WORD documents or other text formats are not accept-
able.

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Report
In this assignment, documentation is equally important as results. As a guideline, your report
should include the following key elements:

Title page,

Table of contents,

Brief description of the objective of analysis,

Summary of the theoretical background of the methods used in your calculations,

Description of the steps / algorithms of calculations,

Description of mesh / finite element model,

Choice of time step for transient analysis,

Analysis results, evaluations and comments

Plot of the finite element model / mesh,

Plot of mode shapes,
List of calculated natural frequencies and documentation of convergence,
Plot of time history of displacement response quantities, including discussion,

Comparison and discussion of results,

Conclusions and suggestion for further improvement in your analysis.

The report must be your own work. Group work is not acceptable. It is expected that you submit
a report that is similar in scope, form and style to what you would submit to a private or public
client.