Structural Culvert Design Nigeria

Samaila Consultant Limited
SAMAILA CONSULTANT LIMI

Consulting Engineers & Planners
1c Collage Road
Kaduna
CULVERT No. CV 9 (2 x 2 Single Box
LOCATION 15 + 548
DATE June.04
DESIGN CODES:
1. BS 8110 : Part 1, 1985
2. BS 5400 : Part 2, 1989
SOIL PARAMETER:
Allowable Bearing Capacity
DESIGN DATA:
Strength of Concrete, Fcu
1
Strength of Steel, Fy
Weight of Concrete
Weight of Soil (Filling)
Weight of Asphalt
2
Ta= 100
f= 7200
d= 300
H= 2000
b= 300
t= 300
B=
BS 5400:
Part 2 LOADINGS
Table 1
gf1 = 1.15 For Self Weight of Culve
gf2 = 1.50 For Earthfill
3
gf3 = 1.50 For HA Vehicle
gf4 = 1.30 For HB Vehicle
gf5 = 1.00 For Asphalt
DEAD LOAD
1 For Top Slab .=
2 For Bottom Slab .=
3 For Walls .=
4 Weight of Fill .=
5 Weight of Asphalt .=
IMPOSED LOAD
BS 5400: 1 Stresses due to HA Vehicle,
4
Part 2
Clauses
6.2.5
6.2.6
and
6.4.1.5
Contact Length = 7540
sHA =
.=
5
BS 5400: 2 Stresses due to HB Vehicle,

Part 2
Clauses
6.3.1
6.3.2
and
6.3.3 A
7200 2:1
2300
6
7200
2300
Assuming 45 Units HB Vehicle, then the Lo
Contact Width = 7561
Contact Length = 10561
BS 5400: sHB =
Part 2
Clause .=
6.2.7
HB Loading
Design Load =
7
.=
EARTH PRESSURE ON WALLS

BS 5400:
Part 2 f= 30 deg
Clause
5.8.1 Ka = 1 - sinf
1 + sinf
.= 0.33333333
8
H2 =
7200
H1 =
9500
2300
At the Bottom of the Culvert
q2 = KaH1gsoilgf2
.= 85.5
q1 = KaH2gsoilgf2
.= 64.8
9
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
Pw = gw h = 20
SURCHARGE PRESSURE
H1 =
9500
q3 = Ka(Load due to Vehicle
.= 67.2420263
CHECKING SOIL BEARING CAPACITY
Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity =
10
Total Load on the Soil =
.=
11
ANALYSIS OF FORCES
Total Bending Pressure on Members
Top Slab = [ Slab Wt + Fill + Asphal
Bottom Slab = [ Top Slab Wt + Base Wt
Side Walls, q1 = [ q1 + Surchage Pressure
q2 = [ q2 + Surchage Pressure
132
A
D
152.7
h= 2.3m
12
L= 2.3m
N = [h/L] [ts/tw]3 =
N1 = N + 1 =
N2 = N + 2 =
N3 = N + 3 =
N4 = 4N + 9 =
N5 = 2N + 3 =
N6 = N + 6 =
N7 = 2N + 7 =
N8 = 3N + 8 =
13
Moments due to roof loads [q=
MA = MB = MC = MD = [ -qL2/12N1] =
Moments due to weight of walls
q = [2G]/[1 + tw] =
MA = MB = [ +qL2N/12N1N3] =
MC = MD = [ -N5/N]MA =
Moments due to earth pressure [q=
MA = MB = [ -qh2NN7/60N1N3] =
MC = MC = [N8/N7]MA =
Moments due to surcharge pressure[ q =
MA = MB = MC = MD = [ -qh2N/12N1] =
Moments due to hydrostatic pressure[ q =
14
MA = MB = q[h2NN7/60N1N3] =
MC = MD = [N8/N7]MA =
Moments due to excessive hydrostatic intern
MA = MB = q[h2NN3+L2N5]/[12N1N3] =
MC = MD = qN[h2N3-L2]/[12N1N3] =
SUMMATION OF MOMENTS
Case 1: culvert empty
MA = M B = -68.88
MC = M D = -78.09
Case 1: culvert empty
MA = M B = -58.96
MC = M D = -73.73
15
Moments At The Spans
(i) Spans AB
A
68.8768235
RA = 244.15kN
RB = 244.15kN
x= 1.15m
Mmax = 71.51kNm
(Ii) Spans CD
C
78.0860014
RC = 268.32kN
16
RD = 268.32kN
x= 1.15m
Mmax = 76.20kNm
(iii) Spans AD & BC
20.7
D,C
73.73
RA = 161.89kN
RF = 165.61kN
x= 0.64m
Mmax = 7.38kNm
Bending Moment Diagram
17
68.88
7.38
78.09
18
DESIGN OF WINGWALLS
C
1400
1900
300
300 C
300 5700
L= 6000
Force due to Earth Pressure on the Walls is
F = gf[0.5Kagsoil h2] =
This Force is acting at h/3 from the base of
Design Moment, M is given by M = F(h/3) =
K= 0.01
As = 215.43
19
Provide R16 @ 200mm c/c (1005mm
Base Slabs of Wing Walls
The upward Pressure at the base slab is:
q = (self wt of the slab) =
Midspan Moment = ql2/8 =
K= 0.020736
As = 382.453189
Provide R16 @ 200mm c/c (1005mm2)
DESIGN OF REINFORCEMENT
TOP SLAB REINFORCEMENT

Support
Moment M, (kNm) 68.88
K 0.04
Z 237.50
20
AS 813.03
R20 @ 200mm
(1571mm2)
BOTTOM SLAB REINFORCEMENT
Support
Moment M, (kNm) 78.09
K 0.05
Z 237.50
AS 921.74
R20 @ 200mm
(1571mm2)
Distribution Bars
Area of steel required, As = 0.13%bh =
Provide R16 @ 200mm c/c
21
ULTANT LIMITED
2 x 2 Single Box Culvert)
200 kN/m2
25 N/mm2
22
410 N/mm2
gconc 24 kN/m3
gsoil 18 kN/m3
gasph 23 kN/m3
23
2300.=h
2000 300
2300
elf Weight of Culvert
24
A Vehicle
B Vehicle
gf1 (d gconc) .= 8.28 kN/m2
gf1 (b gconc) .= 8.28 kN/m2
gf1 (2 t Hgconc).= 12.74 kN/m2
gf2 (f gsoil) .= 194.40 kN/m2
gf5 (Ta gasph) .= 2.30 kN/m2
TOTAL 226.00 kN/m2
sHA
25
P=100 kN
2:1 340 7200
2300
2300
mm
P/ (Contact Area)
1.7589654469 kN/m2
26
sHB
1.8m 6m 1.8m
361
2300
P P P P
1m 1m 1m
27
SECTION A-A
ehicle, then the Load Per Axle is 450 kN
mm
mm
450 / (Contact Area)
5.6354452273 kN/m2
> HA Loading
gf4 sHB
28
7.3260787955 kN/m2
29
q1
2300
e Culvert
gsoilgf2
kN/m2
gsoilgf2
kN/m2
30
kN/m2
q3
ad due to Vehicle + Fill)
kN/m2
PACITY
pacity = 200 kN/m2
31
(Dead Load + Imposed Load)
233.32454033 kN/m2
32
n Members
Wt + Fill + Asphalt + HB] = 212.31 kN/m2
Slab Wt + Base Wt + Walls Wt] = 233.32 kN/m2
Surchage Pressure] = 132 kN/m2
Surchage Pressure] = 152.74 kN/m2
212.306
132
B
C
152.74
233.325
ts = 0.3m
33
tw = 0.3m
Err:511
13
11
34
s [q= 212.31 kN/m2]
2
/12N1] = -46.80 kNm
22.15 kN/m2
1.22kNm
-6.10 kNm
ssure [q= 85.50 kN/m2]
-8.48 kNm
-10.37 kNm
e pressure[ q = 67.24 kN/m2]
2
N/12N1] = -14.82 kNm
tic pressure[ q = 20.00 kN/m2]
35
1.98kNm
2.42kNm
e hydrostatic internal pressure[ q = 20 kN/m2]
12N1N3] = 9.92kNm
N1N3] = 4.35kNm
kNm
kNm
kNm
kNm
36
212.31
B
2.3 68.877
233.32
D
2.3 78.086
37
9x
132.042
A,B
2.3 68.877
y= 9
(From C)
38
68.8768
71.51
7.38
76.20
39
ure on the Walls is given by:
23.805 kN
from the base of the wall
n by M = F(h/3) =
18.2505 kNm
z= 237.5mm
40
00mm c/c (1005mm2)
he base slab is:
7.2 kN/m2
32.4kNm
z= 237.5mm
/c (1005mm2)
EMENT cover = 40mm

d= 250mm
Midspan
71.51
0.05
237.50
41
844.12
@ 200mm R20 @ 200mm

(1571mm2)
RCEMENT
Midspan
76.20
0.05
237.50
899.47
@ 200mm R20 @ 200mm

(1571mm2)
= 0.13%bh = 390 mm2
42
43
Total Dead Load =

226kN/m2
44
sHA =
1.76 kN/m2
45
46
sHB =
5.64 kN/m2
47
Design Load =
7.33 kN/m2
48
q2
q2 =
85.5 kN/m2
q1 =
64.8 kN/m2
49
q3 =
67.2 kN/m2
50
51
52
53
h/3
54

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Samaila Consultant Limited

SAMAILA CONSULTANT LIMI

CULVERT No. CV 9 (2 x 2 Single Box

1. BS 8110 : Part 1, 1985

2. BS 5400 : Part 2, 1989

Allowable Bearing Capacity

Strength of Concrete, Fcu

Weight of Soil (Filling)

gf2 = 1.50 For Earthfill

gf3 = 1.50 For HA Vehicle

gf4 = 1.30 For HB Vehicle

gf5 = 1.00 For Asphalt

1 For Top Slab .=

2 For Bottom Slab .=

BS 5400: 1 Stresses due to HA Vehicle,

Contact Length = 7540

BS 5400: 2 Stresses due to HB Vehicle,

Assuming 45 Units HB Vehicle, then the Lo

Contact Width = 7561

Contact Length = 10561

EARTH PRESSURE ON WALLS

At the Bottom of the Culvert

q3 = Ka(Load due to Vehicle

CHECKING SOIL BEARING CAPACITY

Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity =

Total Load on the Soil =

Top Slab = [ Slab Wt + Fill + Asphal

Bottom Slab = [ Top Slab Wt + Base Wt

Side Walls, q1 = [ q1 + Surchage Pressure

Moments due to roof loads [q=

Moments due to weight of walls

Moments due to earth pressure [q=

Moments due to surcharge pressure[ q =

Moments due to hydrostatic pressure[ q =

Moments due to excessive hydrostatic intern

Case 1: culvert empty

Case 1: culvert empty

Moments At The Spans

(iii) Spans AD & BC

Bending Moment Diagram

Force due to Earth Pressure on the Walls is

This Force is acting at h/3 from the base of

Design Moment, M is given by M = F(h/3) =

Provide R16 @ 200mm c/c (1005mm

Base Slabs of Wing Walls

The upward Pressure at the base slab is:

q = (self wt of the slab) =

Midspan Moment = ql2/8 =

Provide R16 @ 200mm c/c (1005mm2)

TOP SLAB REINFORCEMENT

Moment M, (kNm) 68.88

BOTTOM SLAB REINFORCEMENT

Moment M, (kNm) 78.09

Area of steel required, As = 0.13%bh =

Provide R16 @ 200mm c/c

2 x 2 Single Box Culvert)

elf Weight of Culvert

gf1 (d gconc) .= 8.28 kN/m2

gf1 (b gconc) .= 8.28 kN/m2

gf1 (2 t Hgconc).= 12.74 kN/m2

gf2 (f gsoil) .= 194.40 kN/m2

gf5 (Ta gasph) .= 2.30 kN/m2

TOTAL 226.00 kN/m2

2:1 340 7200