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SOALAN OBJEKTIF.
1 Konsep ROR
1 C 6 B 11 B 16 B
2 D 7 B 12 C 17 D
3 D 8 C 13 B 18 A
4 A 9 D 14 B 19 B
5 B 10 D 15 C 20 D
2 Luas Permukaan
1 D 2 D 3 D
3 Kepekatan
1 B 3 B 5 C 7 D
2 B 4 B 6 C
4 Suhu
1 C 2 C 3 C
5 Mangkin
1 A 3 B 5 B
2 C 4 A 6 C
1
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
SOALAN STRUKTUR
1 (a) Temperature 1
(b) Zn + 2 HCl ZnCl2 + H2 2
Set I
Set II
Time (s)
(e)(i) Experiment 2 1
(ii) The particles of reactants gain more kinetic energy
Therefore, hydrogen ions and Zinc atom are collide each 1
other more rapidly 1
The effective frequency of collision between hydrogen ions
and zinc increase, 1
TOTAL 11
2
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
60
30
Time/min
Masa/min
3
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
b(i)
c(i)
Time /s
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
4 (a) (i)Hydrogen 1
(b)
- Experiment I is higher 1
- Concentration of hydrochloric acid is higher/Time 1
taken in experiment I is shorter
** Reject if not mentioned EXP I
TOTAL 10
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
5 Explanation Mark
Mark
(a) Able to draw a complete, functional and label the apparatus set-up
Hydrochloric Water
acid
Calcium carbonate
1. Functional of apparatus:
Clamp the burette, dotted line for water and hydrochloric acid, end of
delivery tube below water level in the basin. 1
2. Label:
Hydrochloric acid/ HCl, calcium carbonate/ CaCO3, water 1 2
Total 10
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
hydrogen peroxide
solution
manganese(IV)
oxide
functional diagram 1
label 1
(b) (i) Oxygen 1
(iii)
II
2
(d) Lower the activation energy ( 1)
Frequency of effective collision increases (1) 2
Total 11
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample answer
[vice-versa]
7(b)
Able to state the inference correctly
Sample answer
3
Rate of reaction in Experiment II is higher than in Experiment I //
7(c)
Able to state all three variables correctly
Sample answer
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
7(d)
Able to suggest a correct relationship between the MV and the RV
with direction
Sample answer
3
Total surface area of calcium carbonate increases/decreases, the rate
of reaction increases/decreases //
a: [2 statements]
7(e)
Able to write all the burette readings with 2 decimal places
7(f)(i)
Able to plot the graph with
7(f)(ii)
Able to extrapolate the graph and predict the time correctly
7(f)(iii)
Able to calculate the rate of reaction with correct unit
Sample answer
3
3 -1
41.60 = [ 11.89 13.87] cm min
[3 3.5]
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
7(g)
Able to state the operational definition of rate of reaction refer to 3
criteria
7(h)
Able to classify all the 5 ions correctly
a : [names]
Sample answer
7(i)
Able to describe the change of colour and compare time taken
correctly.
Sample answer
3
Colour of small prawns becomes red/pink/orange faster than big
prawns
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
11
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Zn + 2H+ Zn2+ + H2
Total 20
12
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
13
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
1
TOTAL 20
14
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
MARK
QUESTION NO Marking Criteria
SUB TOTAL
3 (a) - Industries emit (acidic gases)/(sulphur dioxide). 1
- These gases dissolve in rainwater forming acid rain. 1
- The rain water has a higher concentration of acid. 1
- more collisions between (reacting particles)/(metal 1 4
and acid) to occur.
(b) (i) Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2 1
HCl : H2 = 2 : 1 1
Mole of H2 = x 0.4 x 50/1000// 0.01 1
Volume of H2 = 0.01 x 24 // 0.24 #dm3# 1 4
(ii)
Volume(dm3)
0.24
II
0.12 III
I
5 10 Time (min.)
0
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
higher.
- The powdered zinc has a larger total surface area. 1
- The frequency of collision between zinc atoms and 1
hydrogen ions is higher.
- The frequency of effective collision also increases. 1 8
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
10
Total 20
17
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
(ii) Able to draw an energy profile diagram that shows the following five
information:
1. label of energy on vertical axis 1
2. The position of the energy level of the reactant is higher than the 1
energy level of the product
3. Correct position of Ea 1
4. Correct position of Ea 1
5. Correct position of H 1
If energy level diagram given, not energy profile diagram, award pt1 and pt2
only)
Able to give explanation by stating the following information:
1. Reaction is exothermic
2. The reactants contain moare energy than the products
3. Heat given nout during bond formation is greater than heat
absorbed during bond breaking
4. H is the energy difference between the reactants and products
5. Activation energy, Ea must be overcome in order for the reaction
to take place
6. The use of catalyst reduces the activation energy 5
(must correspond to the energy profile diagram: negative
catalyst increases the activation energy)
7. the use of catalyst increases the frequency of effective collision
between H+ ion and magnesium atom
(Neagative catalyst reduces the frequency of effective collision
between H+
and magnesium atom)
any five points:
= 2 cm3 s-1
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
(ii) Able to explain the difference in the rate of reaction by stating the
following information
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Exp I and II
TOTAL 20
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
1.a.(i)
The speed at which reactant are converted into product in a chemical reaction// 1
change in selected quantity of reactant or product per unit of time taken.
The heat given to the water will give more kinetic energy to the particles. 1
Precipitate : Sulphur 1
1
c)
Materials:
0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate, 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid, a piece of white
1
paper marked X at the centre.
Apparatus:
150 cm3 conical flask, stopwatch, 50 cm3 measuring cylinder, 10 cm3 measuring 1
cylinder, thermometer, Bunsen burner, wire gauze.
Procedure:
Using a measuring cylinder, 50 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate solution 1
is measured and poured into a conical flask.
The conical flask is placed on top of a piece of white paper marked X at the
centre.
1
5 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid is measured using another measuring
cylinder.
The sulphuric acid is poured immediately and carefully into the conical flask. At
1
the same time, the stop watch is atarted
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
The X mark is observed vertically from the top of the conical flask through the
solution.
1
The stopwatch is stopped once the X mark disappears from view.
Step 1 7 are repeated using 50 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate 1
solution at 40oC, 50oC, 60 oC by heating the solution before 5 cm3 of sulphuric
acid is added in. 1
(Max 8)
Conclusion 1
The increase of temperature, increase the rate of reaction
1
20
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
23
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample Answer
Sample Answer
Sample answer:
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample Answer
Manipulated variable
Catalyst
Responding variable
Rate of reaction / (decomposition of hydrogen peroxide) // Time
taken for lighted splinter rekindle.
Contant variable
Volume and concentration of hydrogen peroxide
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample Answer
Sample answer
Sample answer
26
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample Answer
Materials:
20-volume hydrogen peroxide, manganese(IV) oxide
Apparatus:
Test/boiling tube, spatula, wooden splinter
Sample answer
Materials:
Hydrogen peroxide, manganese(IV) oxide
Apparatus:
Test/boiling tube, wooden splinter
Sample answer
Materials:
Hydrogen peroxide
Apparatus:
Test / boiling tube / [any suitable container]
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample Answer
Sample answer
Sample answer
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample Answer
No catalyst / II
//
Rate of reaction / observation
Hydrogen peroxide/H2O2 and
manganese(IV) oxide/
MnO2/catalyst
Hydrogen peroxide/H2O2
Sample answer
Total 17 marks
Notes : In question no. 2, accept alternate answers if student use other suitable reaction
with correct reactants and catalyst.
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Q : Any acid 1
Example :
Hydrochloric acid / Sulphuric / Nitric acid
[ a : weak acid]
[Chemical equations]
1+1 4
1. Correct formula of reactant and product
2. Balance chemical equations
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
9. Results : 1
10. Sketch the graph of volume of gas against time for both
experiment at same axes. 1
II
Time/ s
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Factor : Temperature
Temperature / oC
Time / s
1
11. Conclusion : The higher the temperature, the higher the rate
of reaction. Max
10
TOTAL 20
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Soalan 5.
Experiment 1: Na2S2O3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + S + SO2 + H2O
Sample answer:
Sample answer:
Sample answer:
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample answer:
Manipulated variable:
Temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution
3
Rate of reaction // Time taken for mark X to become
invisible /disappear
Constant variable:
Volume and concentration of sodium thiosulphate/ sulphuric
acid / size of conical flask
34
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample answer:
The higher/lower the temperature of sodium thiosulphate
solution, the higher/lower the rate of reaction. //
Sample answer:
The higher/lower the temperature, the higher/lower the rate
of reaction. //
2
The higher/lower the temperature, the shorter/longer the
time taken for mark X to disappear //
Sample answer;
1
Different temperature, different reactivity. //
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample answer:
Materials:
Sodium thiosulphate solution, sulphuric acid.
3
Apparatus:
Conical flask, ,bunsen burner, measuring cylinder (10 ml),
measuring cylinder (50 ml), stop-watch, filter /white
/cardboard paper.
Answer:
Materials:
2
Sodium thiosulphate solution, sulphuric acid.
Apparatus :
Conical flask, thermometer, bunsen burner, filter / white
/cardboard paper.
36
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample Answer:
37
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample answer:
Temperature Time
(oC) (s) 2
30
40
50
60
70
Sample answer:
Temperature
1
30
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample answer:
Sample answer:
Sample answer:
39
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample answer:
Manipulated variable:
Temperature of hydrochloric acid
3
Responding variable:
Rate of reaction // Volume of gas per unit time
Constant variable:
Mass/size of zinc //
Volume and concentration of hydrochloric acid
40
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample answer:
The higher/lower the temperature of hydrochloric acid, the
higher/lower the rate of reaction. //
Sample answer:
The higher/lower the temperature, the higher/lower the rate
of reaction. //
2
The higher/lower the temperature, the higher/lower the
volume of the hydrogen gas released per unit time. //
Sample answer;
1
Different temperature, different reactivity. //
41
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample answer:
Materials:
Zinc, hydrochloric acid
3
Apparatus:
Conical flask, thermometer , bunsen burner, stop-watch
measuring cylinder (50 ml), delivery tube and stopper,
burette, basin,
Answer:
Materials:
Zinc, hydrochloric acid 2
Apparatus :
Conical flask, thermometer, bunsen burner, delivery tube,
burette
42
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample Answer:
43
SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Sample answer:
Temperature Time
(oC) (s) 2
30
40
50
60
70
Sample answer:
Temperature
1
30
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
[Table showing the above with volume of acid fixed and time
recorded ] 1
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
10
Concentration /moldm-3
[ inference from graph]
13 As the concentration increases, the time taken decreases 1
[conclusion]
14 The higher the concentration, the higher the rate of reaction. 1
* replace with acid if factor is concentration of acid
** replace with sodium thiosulphate solution if factor is
concentration of acid
OR To investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction.
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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
Temperature / 0C
max 12
Total 20
47