Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER
BODY SYSTEMS
22 January 2015
09:45 10:45
Electronic calculators may be used provided that they cannot store text.
Before beginning to answer the questions please study the instructions carefully. The
method of selection of the appropriate answer changes during the course of the paper.
Indicate your answers in pencil on the answer sheet provided according to the
instructions on the next page. If you wish to change an answer you have given erase
the original letter and make sure that your final answer is bold and clear.
Check carefully that you have entered your registration ID number on the answer sheet
as instructed.
Please read the following sheet carefully before you begin the examination.
Page 1 of 13
BIOL10811
Please read this page very carefully before starting the exam.
Please note that this exam will be negatively marked. That is, a fraction of a mark
(1/(n-1), where n is the number of options) will be subtracted for each wrong answer e.g.
a wrong answer to a question with 4 possible choices will receive a mark of
-0.33. This is intended to ensure that if you guess at random, you will get a score of
zero. Questions that are not answered or where the answer is llegible will score zero.
Page 2 of 13
BIOL10811
In questions 1 to 25 select the ONE CORRECT option from those provided.
a. diffusion
b. active transport
c. osmosis
d. facilitated transport
a. negatively charged
b. electrically neutral
c. positively charged
d. continuously reversing its electrical charge
3. Muscarinic receptors
a. are located on the surface of ganglion cells in both the sympathetic and
parasympathetic nervous system
b. are activated by noradrenaline (norepinephrine)
c. are activated by acetylcholine
d. when stimulated always produce an excitatory response
Page 3 of 13
BIOL10811
In questions 1 to 25 select the ONE CORRECT option from those provided.
6. The type of junctions which allow the transmission of electrical activity between
cardiac muscle cells are
a. desmosomes
b. gap junctions
c. hemidesmosomes
d. tight junctions
8. The specific process by which red blood cells are formed is called
a. erythropoiesis
b. erythropoietin
c. haemopoiesis
d. leucopoiesis
9. The stem cell that differentiates to form all types of blood cells is the
10. The agranular leukocyte that leaves the blood and becomes a macrophage in the
tissues is the
a. basophil
b. lymphocyte
c. monocyte
d. neutrophil
Page 4 of 13
BIOL10811
In questions 1 to 25 select the ONE CORRECT option from those provided.
11. When a blood vessel is damaged, clot formation includes the conversion of
fibrinogen into X by the action of the enzyme Y
a. X = fibrin, Y = prothrombin
b. X = fibrin, Y = thrombin
c. X = thrombin, Y = erythropoietin
d. X = thrombin, Y = prothrombin
12. Tachycardia is
13. During the cardiac cycle, the route that electrical signals travel outwards from the
pacemaker is
a. in the aorta
b. between the aorta and capillaries
c. in the capillaries
d. in small and large veins
15. As blood travels from the aorta toward the capillaries, the
a. flow increases
b. pressure increases
c. diameter of the blood vessels increases
d. resistance increases
Page 5 of 13
BIOL10811
In questions 1 to 25 select the ONE CORRECT option from those provided.
16. Drugs commonly used to treat cardiovascular diseases and their respective
mechanisms of action of include
18. The right and left lung differ, in that the right lung
20. In order for lungs to function normally the intrapleural pressure must
a. alternate between being less than and greater than atmospheric pressure
b. be between +5 and +10 mmHg above atmospheric pressure
c. be lower than alveolar pressure
d. be the same as atmospheric pressure
Page 6 of 13
BIOL10811
In questions 1 to 25 select the ONE CORRECT option from those provided.
21. A healthy adult male who takes 15 breaths in 1 minute, has a tidal volume of 500
mL and a total lung capacity of 4 L will have a respiratory minute ventilation of
a. 2.5 L
b. 4.5 L
c. 7.5 L
d. 30,000 L
22. The maximum volume of air that can be expired after a maximum inspiration is
a. inspiratory capacity
b. tidal volume
c. total lung capacity
d. vital capacity
a. arterial pH
b. input from stretch and mechanoreceptors
c. PCO2
d. PO2
Page 7 of 13
BIOL10811
In questions 26 to 50 select the ONE INCORRECT option from those provided.
From now on, indicate the ONE INCORRECT option from those provided.
28. The movement of an ion through an ion channel can be influenced by the
a. membrane potential
b. osmotic potential across the membrane
c. charge on the ion
d. concentration gradient of the ion across the membrane
Page 8 of 13
BIOL10811
In questions 26 to 50 select the ONE INCORRECT option from those provided.
a. are able to control the rate of blood flow to suit the needs of the structure that
they supply
b. are highly contractile due to the presence of smooth muscle
c. contain folds in the tunica intima that form valves
d. have a thicker tunica media than veins
a. large intestine
b. liver
c. small intestine
d. stomach
a. drains lymph from both upper limbs and the head via the thoracic duct
b. returns excess tissue fluid to the blood vascular system
c. consists of a series of vessels that include blind-ended capillaries
d. is involved in the bodys defence against infection
a. right coronary artery which supplies blood to the SA node and AV node
b. left coronary artery which supplies blood to the left ventricle
c. coronary sinus which drains into the left atrium
d. anterior cardiac veins which drain into the right atrium
34. Aged red blood cells can be broken down by macrophages in the
a. lymph nodes
b. liver
c. spleen
d. uterus
Page 9 of 13
BIOL10811
In questions 26 to 50 select the ONE INCORRECT option from those provided.
35. Haemoglobin
a. preload
b. contractility
c. afterload
d. end diastolic volume
a. may fall momentarily when moving from a supine (lying) to standing position
b. is normally greater for the left side of the heart than from the right
c. increases during vigorous exercise
d. is determined by heart rate and stroke volume
39. The reflex responses to an increase in mean arterial blood pressure may include a
decrease in
a. cardiac output
b. heart rate
c. discharge of cardiac parasympathetic nerves
d. total peripheral resistance
Page 10 of 13
BIOL10811
In questions 26 to 50 select the ONE INCORRECT option from those provided.
a. external intercostals
b. diaphragm
c. pectoralis minor
d. rectus abdominis
Page 11 of 13
BIOL10811
In questions 26 to 50 select the ONE INCORRECT option from those provided.
a. females
b. people living at high altitude
c. shorter people
d. smokers
Page 12 of 13
BIOL10811
In questions 26 to 50 select the ONE INCORRECT option from those provided.
50. Asthma
Page 13 of 13