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5/19/11
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Fuel Cell Power Systems Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Fuel Cell Power Systems Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
1-phase or 3-phase
output
DC to AC
Converter
Power Conditioning Unit is an important component and
constitutes more than 1/3rd of the entire system
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Fuel Cell Power Systems Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
2
5/19/11
Texas is
nearly of
the total
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Power Electronics & Power Quality
Qua Labo
Research Laboratory http://enjeti
http://enjeti.tamu.edu
p j tamu edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
India is third - behind China and the USA in terms of new installed capacity
during 2010 at 2,139 MW, taking total capacity up to 13.1 GW
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
3
5/19/11
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
4
5/19/11
Off Shore Wind Power Conversion Advance Wind Power Conversion Concepts
Medium Frequency
Transformer Isolation
Emerging concepts: Current Source & Voltage Source DC Link
Medium frequency AC-DC DC DC
transformer interconnected
DC-DC converter design &
insulation is critical
AC-DC DC DC
a b c
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
Advance Wind Power Conversion Concepts Advance Wind Power Conversion Concepts
Collection Grid HVDC station HVDC cable
Offshore Onshore WTG #1
+35kV High frequency
Multi-Level
Multi-Level
isolation
Converter
Converter
transformer +150kV
WT WT WT
35kV
MVDC
-35kV
To shore
150kV
DC HVDC
Onshore th th nth
/ WTG n n converter converter
DC Grid +35kV
DC
Multi-Level
Multi-Level
Converter
Converter
/
AC
DC
/
-150kV
DC
-35kV
Multi-string series connected WTGs to form 35kV DC High voltage (4kV) WTG & DC-DC converter to output 35kV DC
Multilevel 35kV DC to 150kV DC converter Multilevel 35kV DC to 150kV DC converter
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
Staying connected during a grid fault Staying connected during a grid fault
Up to 7-8 years ago wind turbines were only required to
disconnect during a grid fault
With the increased capacity of wind power over the years, such
disconnection can result is voltage & frequency fluctuations.
A fault ride-through during a grid fault is therefore necessary
Each country has a different requirement for low voltage ride-
through (LVRT)
Fault durations vary from 100ms (Denmark) to 625ms (US, Ireland, Canada)
Voltage drop levels vary from 25% o even 0%
Denmark code requires grid connection during successive grid faults
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
5
5/19/11
dv/dt and Common mode Voltage Stresses dv/dt and Common mode Voltage Stresses
Common mode voltage Issues Common Mode - Filter
PWM Rectifier PWM Inverter
Motor
VSA LS iA Cd1 ia im1 Vm1
VA
iB o Va ib im2 Vm2
VB Vd Vb Long
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Cable
iC Vc ic im3 Vm3
VC Cd2 +
n
Vc ,m
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ic ,m
f
Wind Gen,
Frame to GND
Capacitance
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
Wind Power
er Conversion - Concepts Wind Power Conversion - Concepts
Current Developments Current Developments
p
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr.
Dr Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
U
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Qual
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Qua ity Research Laboratory
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http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department
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Power Electronics in
Solar Energy Conversion
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
6
5/19/11
Residential Space
Commercial
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
7
5/19/11
Microinverter Concept plug & play AC Microinverter Concept plug & play AC
Modular Solution
Vsp Db
Single panel MPPT Process
High manufacturing volume
potential
Q1 Q3
Filter AC
output
Qb Q2 Q4
H-Bridge
Flyback DC-DC SPWM
20 V 60 V
(BCM) Inverter
Many possible topologies
A flyback DC/DC converter with HF isolation & a H-Bridge
PWM inverter offers a simple two stage solution
Resonant reset & other ZVS schemes can be used to
improve efficiency
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
8
5/19/11
Six
One
All PV
PVmodules
module at 600
300
0
1000
W/m 2 2 2 irradiance
W/m
W/m
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Fall 2010 Robert S. Balog 50
Fall 2010 Robert S. Balog 51 Fall 2010 Robert S. Balog 52
9
5/19/11
480 V 13 kV
MPPT DC-AC
1 DC-DC Inverter
First Solar Inc Y-
10 MW
to
utility
MPPT DC-AC
2 DC-DC Inverter
First Solar Inc Y-
MPPT DC-AC
10 DC-DC Inverter
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
2 kV
Converter
& MPPT
C Y-
Design PV Inverters Without Electrolytic
Capacitors to achieve longer life times
Inverter
Series-parallel
combination of
PV panels
Line Frequency
DC-AC Transformer
2 kV
DC-DC 4160 V 13 kV
N
P
C
Converter
2 kV & MPPT Y-
Inverter
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
10
5/19/11
ac port:
60Hz AC
to filter
and line
ripple port:
Bi- 120 Hz
DC side active filter eliminates the electrolytic capacitor. directional energy
Therefore a film capacitor can be employed converter storage
Higher dc-bus voltage reduces the size of the dc side active
filter
Ripple port operating voltage can be selected
to reduce the converter size
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
11
5/19/11
Multi Stack Fuel Cell Systems & Associated Power Electronics: Multi Stack Fuel Cell Systems & Associated Power Electronics:
With 480V, 60Hz Isolation Transformer Without 50/60 Hz Isolation Transformer
Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University Prepared by: Dr. Prasad Enjeti Texas A&M University
Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu Power Electronics & Power Quality Research Laboratory http://enjeti.tamu.edu
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
Conclusions
12