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1. Some definitions:
2. Goal of the thesis project: identify and model the innate processes by which
feelings of tension, resolution, stability and forth are induced by successions
of pitches and chords, irrespective of theris harmonic consonance.
5. Affinity between two tones or chords is due to the similarity of their spectral
virtual pitches.
8. Pitch class similarity has been used to predict which triads are likely to
function as tonics and which pitches are likely to function as tense tones. AND
THE MODEL CONCUR WITH MUSIC THEORY!
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Models of the Probe Tone Data
a. Krumhansl and Kessler probe tone data (1982) are ratings of how well a
set of twelve chromatic tones fit into a specific tonal context.
i. Each element and its twelve probes were listened to four times by each
participant.
ii. Statistical correlation was then applied and the ratings were averaged
iii. The results show high correlation.
iv. The elements and probes were Shepard tones (partials separated just
by octaves).
v. Only ten musically trained participants were involved.
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iii. It is plausible that there are innate perceptual/cognitive principles that
help in making actual fit profiles.
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ii. Input signals created from a model of the auditory system (40
bandpass filters, half/wave rectifications, autocorrelations(
iii. Autocorrelations detects frequencies that are subharmonics of the input
frequencies.
iv. The global image, which are the signals stored in a short-term memory
decaying model, is correlated with a local imaged of each of the twelve
probe tones. This values are then averaged over the four major and
minor context elements.
v. The model gives one of the worst results.
i. The model takes a tonic pitch and finds a second pitch with the
greatest consonance. To these two pitches, a third pitch is found that
makes the most consonant three/tone chord. And so forth, until all
twelve pitch classes are utilized.
ii. Consonance is calculated as Hurons aggregate dyadic consonance
(the sum of the consonances of all interval classes in the chord).
iii. When each pitch class is assigned a value according to its ranking,
they provide a predictively effective model of their respective major and
minor probe tone ratings.
iv. The model has a predictive power, but, there is no direct relationship
between the harmonic consonance (models variables) and melodic fit
(what the experiment measures).
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iii. The probe tone ratings are modelled from the weights of the virtual
pitches that are internally generated in response to the notated pitches
in the tonic triad context.
iv. Virtual pitches are typically modelled to occur at subharmonic below
the notated pitch (f, f/2, f/3, , f/N).
v. the pitch of each subharmonic is modelled according to the pitch class
it is closest to.
vi. For a given notate pitch, its virtual pitch classes are weighted as:
1. virtual pitch of the the notated pitch class itself: 10
2. virtual pitch class seven semitones below (perfect 5th): 5
3. virtual pitch class four semitones below (minor 3rd): 3
4. virtual pitch class ten semitones below (minor 7th): 2
5. virtual pitch class two semitones below (major 2nd): 1
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v. The models are predictively effective.
vi. The explanation behind the model lies on psychoacoustic principles.
vii. However, the experiments stimuli were all OCTS and the models
HCTS. There are four possible explanations that can bridge the gap
between those differences:
1. nonlinearities in the auditory system may add harmonics to the
OCTS.
2. the fits made by the listeners were based on contaminated
representations of the tonic triad long-term representations of
HCTS with the same pitch.
3. listeners may have recalled the levels of fit of equivalently sized
HCT intervals.
4. listeners judgements of the fit of the probe and the tonic context
are due to musical predominance.
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Milne, A. J., Sethares, W. A., Laney, R., & Sharp, D. B. (2010). Metrics for pitch
collections.
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ISSUES
Are there any musical descriptors, apart from Spectral Pitch Class, that could
be used for modelling the chords?
How is modulation conceived from the point of view of the fitting models?