TRUSSES +

PRELIMINARY DESIGN NOTE

Calculation: Verification (Failed)

Project: truss201709301746
Template: N-truss

Geometry
Span Length (m) 80
Edge Height H (m) 6
Panels 10
Bay Width B (m) 5
Total Weight (kg) 3992

Version: 1.2.2
Date: Sat Sep 30 2017
 Version 1.2.2 Project : truss201709301746

1 TRUSS PARAMETERS

1.1 Sections of Elements - Steel grades

Note: The section inertia is considered strong in the y-y axis and weak in the z-z axis.

Upper Chord
Section A (cm) Iy (cm) Iz (cm) Steel grade fy (N/mm)
HE100AA 15.6 237 92.1 S355 - M/ML - EC3 355

Lower Chord
Section A (cm) Iy (cm) Iz (cm) Steel grade fy (N/mm)
HE100AA 15.6 237 92.1 S355 - M/ML - EC3 355

Bracings
Section A (cm) Iy (cm) Iz (cm) Steel grade fy (N/mm)
HE100AA 15.6 237 92.1 S355 - M/ML - EC3 355

1.2 Supports
Support Dz Dx
1 Fixed Fixed
11 Fixed Free

1.3 Lateral Restraints in translation

Upper Chord Nodes: 12, 22
Lower Chord Nodes: 1, 11
Bracing elements are constrained in translation at both ends.

1.4 Load Cases

Four load cases are defined: Permanent, Imposed, Wind and Snow.
For each load case the elementary loads can be either uniformly distributed on the upper chord and/or vertical nodal forces. The
permanent loading case always includes the self-weight.
Note: The sign convention of loads is positive in the downward direction.

Permanent load

Uniform area load : G = 1 kN/m

Imposed load

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Uniform area load : Q = 0.400 kN/m

Wind load

Uniform area load : W = 1 kN/m

Snow load

Uniform area load : S = 1 kN/m

1.5 Design Parameters

1.5.1 References

EN 1990:2002 Eurocode - Basis of structural design

EN 1993-1-1:2005 General rules and rules for buildings
EN 1993-1-5:2006: Plated structural elements

1.5.2 Partial factors on loads

Permanent load (unfavorable) G : 1.35

Permanent load (favorable) G : 1
Variable load (unfavorable) Q,W,S : 1.50

1.5.3 Combination factors for imposed, wind and snow loads

Variable load 0 : 0.700

Wind load 0 : 0.600
Snow load 0 : 0.500

1.5.4 Partial factors on resistances

Resistance of cross-sections irrespective of the class is M0 : 1

Resistance of members to instability assessed by member checks M1 : 1
Resistance of cross-sections in tension to fracture M2 : 1.25

1.5.5 Structural Material

Modulus of elasticity E : 210000 N/mm

Poissons ratio v : 0.3
Weight steel density rho : 7850 kg/m

1.6 Combinations ULS

Combinations are calculated for ultimate limit state (ULS) according to EN 1993-1-1:2005.
Only combinations generating significant actions are retained.

Combination G Q W S
ULS1 1.35 1.50 0.900 0.750

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Combination G Q W S
ULS2 1.35 1.50 0 0.750
ULS3 1 0 0.900 0
ULS4 1.35 0 0.900 0.750
ULS5 1 1.50 0 0
ULS6 1.35 0 0 0.750
ULS7 1 1.50 0.900 0
ULS8 1.35 1.05 1.50 0.750
ULS9 1.35 0 1.50 0.750
ULS10 1 1.05 0 0
ULS11 1.35 1.05 0 0.750
ULS12 1 0 1.50 0
ULS13 1 1.05 1.50 0
ULS14 1.35 1.05 0.900 1.50
ULS15 1.35 1.05 0 1.50
ULS16 1.35 0 0.900 1.50
ULS17 1.35 0 0 1.50
ULS18 1 1.05 0.900 0

1.7 Combinations SLS

Combinations are calculated for serviceability limit state (SLS) according to EN 1993-1-1:2005.
Only combinations generating significant actions are retained.

Combination G Q W S
SLS1 1 1 0.600 0.500
SLS2 1 1 0 0.500
SLS3 1 1 0.600 0
SLS4 1 1 0 0
SLS5 1 0.700 1 0.500
SLS6 1 0 1 0.500
SLS7 1 0.700 1 0
SLS8 1 0 1 0
SLS9 1 0.700 0.600 1
SLS10 1 0.700 0 1
SLS11 1 0 0.600 1
SLS12 1 0 0 1

1.8 Finite Element Model

Node Coordinates
The coordinates are given in the XZ plane

Node X (m) Z (m)

1 0 0

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Node X (m) Z (m)

2 8 0
3 16 0
4 24 0
5 32 0
6 40 0
7 48 0
8 56 0
9 64 0
10 72 0
11 80 0
12 0 6
13 8 6
14 16 6
15 24 6
16 32 6
17 40 6
18 48 6
19 56 6
20 64 6
21 72 6
22 80 6

Beams
The beam name is produced from the origin and end node

Physical bar Beam Length (m) A (cm) Section

Lower Chord 1-2 8 15.6 HE100AA
2-3 8 15.6 HE100AA
3-4 8 15.6 HE100AA
4-5 8 15.6 HE100AA
5-6 8 15.6 HE100AA
6-7 8 15.6 HE100AA
7-8 8 15.6 HE100AA
8-9 8 15.6 HE100AA
9 - 10 8 15.6 HE100AA
10 - 11 8 15.6 HE100AA
Upper Chord 12 - 13 8 15.6 HE100AA
13 - 14 8 15.6 HE100AA
14 - 15 8 15.6 HE100AA
15 - 16 8 15.6 HE100AA
16 - 17 8 15.6 HE100AA
17 - 18 8 15.6 HE100AA
18 - 19 8 15.6 HE100AA
19 - 20 8 15.6 HE100AA
20 - 21 8 15.6 HE100AA
21 - 22 8 15.6 HE100AA
Bracings 1 - 12 6 15.6 HE100AA

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Physical bar Beam Length (m) A (cm) Section

12 - 2 10 15.6 HE100AA
2 - 13 6 15.6 HE100AA
13 - 3 10 15.6 HE100AA
3 - 14 6 15.6 HE100AA
14 - 4 10 15.6 HE100AA
4 - 15 6 15.6 HE100AA
15 - 5 10 15.6 HE100AA
5 - 16 6 15.6 HE100AA
16 - 6 10 15.6 HE100AA
6 - 17 6 15.6 HE100AA
6 - 18 10 15.6 HE100AA
18 - 7 6 15.6 HE100AA
7 - 19 10 15.6 HE100AA
19 - 8 6 15.6 HE100AA
8 - 20 10 15.6 HE100AA
20 - 9 6 15.6 HE100AA
9 - 21 10 15.6 HE100AA
21 - 10 6 15.6 HE100AA
10 - 22 10 15.6 HE100AA
22 - 11 6 15.6 HE100AA

2 CALCULATION RESULTS

2.1 Reactions at supports (R)

Note: The sign convention of reactions is positive in the upwards direction.

Elementary load cases

Support G (kN) Q (kN) W (kN) S (kN)
1 220 80 200 200
11 220 80 200 200

ULS Combinations
Support ULS1 (kN) ULS2 (kN) ULS3 (kN) ULS4 (kN) ULS5 (kN) ULS6 (kN)
1 746 566 400 626 340 446
11 746 566 400 626 340 446

ULS Combinations
Support ULS7 (kN) ULS8 (kN) ULS9 (kN) ULS10 (kN) ULS11 (kN) ULS12 (kN)
1 520 830 746 304 530 520
11 520 830 746 304 530 520

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ULS Combinations
Support ULS13 (kN) ULS14 (kN) ULS15 (kN) ULS16 (kN) ULS17 (kN) ULS18 (kN)
1 604 860 680 776 596 484
11 604 860 680 776 596 484

ULS Combinations - Envelopes

Support Max Min
R (kN) Combination R (kN) Combination
1 860 ULS14 304 ULS10
11 860 ULS14 304 ULS10

2.2 Deflections (W)

Note: The sign convention of the displacements is positive in the upwards direction.

SLS Combinations - Envelopes

Node Max Min
W (mm) Combination W (mm) Combination
1 0 SLS1 0 SLS1
2 -243 SLS4 -483 SLS9
3 -456 SLS4 -908 SLS9
4 -622 SLS4 -1238 SLS9
5 -727 SLS4 -1447 SLS9
6 -764 SLS4 -1520 SLS9
7 -727 SLS4 -1447 SLS9
8 -622 SLS4 -1238 SLS9
9 -456 SLS4 -908 SLS9
10 -243 SLS4 -483 SLS9
11 0 SLS1 0 SLS1
12 -5.47 SLS4 -10.9 SLS9
13 -248 SLS4 -492 SLS9
14 -460 SLS4 -915 SLS9
15 -625 SLS4 -1243 SLS9
16 -729 SLS4 -1450 SLS9
17 -765 SLS4 -1522 SLS9
18 -729 SLS4 -1450 SLS9
19 -625 SLS4 -1243 SLS9
20 -460 SLS4 -915 SLS9
21 -248 SLS4 -492 SLS9
22 -5.47 SLS4 -10.9 SLS9

SLS Combinations - Envelopes

Max/Min W (mm) Node Combination
Max 0 1 SLS1

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SLS Combinations - Envelopes

Max/Min W (mm) Node Combination
Min -1522 17 SLS9

2.3 Axial forces (N)

Note: The sign convention of the axial forces is positive for compression.

Elementary load cases

Physical bar Beam G (kN) Q (kN) W (kN) S (kN)
Lower Chord 1-2 0 0 0 0
2-3 -263 -96 -240 -240
3-4 -468 -171 -427 -427
4-5 -614 -224 -560 -560
5-6 -702 -256 -640 -640
6-7 -702 -256 -640 -640
7-8 -614 -224 -560 -560
8-9 -468 -171 -427 -427
9 - 10 -263 -96 -240 -240
10 - 11 0 0 0 0
Upper Chord 12 - 13 263 96 240 240
13 - 14 468 171 427 427
14 - 15 614 224 560 560
15 - 16 702 256 640 640
16 - 17 731 267 667 667
17 - 18 731 267 667 667
18 - 19 702 256 640 640
19 - 20 614 224 560 560
20 - 21 468 171 427 427
21 - 22 263 96 240 240
Bracings 1 - 12 219 80 200 200
12 - 2 -329 -120 -300 -300
2 - 13 195 72 180 180
13 - 3 -256 -93.3 -233 -233
3 - 14 152 56 140 140
14 - 4 -183 -66.7 -167 -167
4 - 15 108 40 100 100
15 - 5 -110 -40 -100 -100
5 - 16 63.8 24 60 60
16 - 6 -36.5 -13.3 -33.3 -33.3
6 - 17 41.3 16 40 40
6 - 18 -36.5 -13.3 -33.3 -33.3
18 - 7 63.8 24 60 60
7 - 19 -110 -40 -100 -100
19 - 8 108 40 100 100

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Elementary load cases

Physical bar Beam G (kN) Q (kN) W (kN) S (kN)
8 - 20 -183 -66.7 -167 -167
20 - 9 152 56 140 140
9 - 21 -256 -93.3 -233 -233
21 - 10 195 72 180 180
10 - 22 -329 -120 -300 -300
22 - 11 219 80 200 200

ULS Combinations
Physical bar Beam ULS1 (kN) ULS2 (kN) ULS3 (kN) ULS4 (kN) ULS5 (kN) ULS6 (kN)
Lower Chord 1-2 0 0 0 0 0 0
2-3 -895 -679 -479 -751 -407 -535
3-4 -1591 -1207 -852 -1335 -724 -951
4-5 -2089 -1585 -1118 -1753 -950 -1249
5-6 -2387 -1811 -1278 -2003 -1086 -1427
6-7 -2387 -1811 -1278 -2003 -1086 -1427
7-8 -2089 -1585 -1118 -1753 -950 -1249
8-9 -1591 -1207 -852 -1335 -724 -951
9 - 10 -895 -679 -479 -751 -407 -535
10 - 11 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper Chord 12 - 13 895 679 479 751 407 535
13 - 14 1591 1207 852 1335 724 951
14 - 15 2089 1585 1118 1753 950 1249
15 - 16 2387 1811 1278 2003 1086 1427
16 - 17 2486 1886 1331 2086 1131 1486
17 - 18 2486 1886 1331 2086 1131 1486
18 - 19 2387 1811 1278 2003 1086 1427
19 - 20 2089 1585 1118 1753 950 1249
20 - 21 1591 1207 852 1335 724 951
21 - 22 895 679 479 751 407 535
Bracings 1 - 12 745 565 399 625 339 445
12 - 2 -1119 -849 -599 -939 -509 -669
2 - 13 669 507 357 561 303 399
13 - 3 -870 -660 -466 -730 -396 -520
3 - 14 520 394 278 436 236 310
14 - 4 -622 -472 -333 -522 -283 -372
4 - 15 370 280 198 310 168 220
15 - 5 -373 -283 -200 -313 -170 -223
5 - 16 221 167 118 185 99.8 131
16 - 6 -124 -94.3 -66.5 -104 -56.5 -74.3
6 - 17 146 110 77.3 122 65.3 85.8
6 - 18 -124 -94.3 -66.5 -104 -56.5 -74.3
18 - 7 221 167 118 185 99.8 131
7 - 19 -373 -283 -200 -313 -170 -223
19 - 8 370 280 198 310 168 220
8 - 20 -622 -472 -333 -522 -283 -372

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ULS Combinations
Physical bar Beam ULS1 (kN) ULS2 (kN) ULS3 (kN) ULS4 (kN) ULS5 (kN) ULS6 (kN)
20 - 9 520 394 278 436 236 310
9 - 21 -870 -660 -466 -730 -396 -520
21 - 10 669 507 357 561 303 399
10 - 22 -1119 -849 -599 -939 -509 -669
22 - 11 745 565 399 625 339 445

ULS Combinations
Physical bar Beam ULS7 (kN) ULS8 (kN) ULS9 (kN) ULS10 (kN) ULS11 (kN) ULS12 (kN)
Lower Chord 1-2 0 0 0 0 0 0
2-3 -623 -996 -895 -364 -636 -623
3-4 -1108 -1771 -1591 -647 -1131 -1108
4-5 -1454 -2324 -2089 -849 -1484 -1454
5-6 -1662 -2656 -2387 -970 -1696 -1662
6-7 -1662 -2656 -2387 -970 -1696 -1662
7-8 -1454 -2324 -2089 -849 -1484 -1454
8-9 -1108 -1771 -1591 -647 -1131 -1108
9 - 10 -623 -996 -895 -364 -636 -623
10 - 11 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper Chord 12 - 13 623 996 895 364 636 623
13 - 14 1108 1771 1591 647 1131 1108
14 - 15 1454 2324 2089 849 1484 1454
15 - 16 1662 2656 2387 970 1696 1662
16 - 17 1731 2766 2486 1011 1766 1731
17 - 18 1731 2766 2486 1011 1766 1731
18 - 19 1662 2656 2387 970 1696 1662
19 - 20 1454 2324 2089 849 1484 1454
20 - 21 1108 1771 1591 647 1131 1108
21 - 22 623 996 895 364 636 623
Bracings 1 - 12 519 829 745 303 529 519
12 - 2 -779 -1245 -1119 -455 -795 -779
2 - 13 465 744 669 271 474 465
13 - 3 -606 -968 -870 -354 -618 -606
3 - 14 362 578 520 210 368 362
14 - 4 -433 -692 -622 -253 -442 -433
4 - 15 258 412 370 150 262 258
15 - 5 -260 -415 -373 -152 -265 -260
5 - 16 154 246 221 89 156 154
16 - 6 -86.5 -138 -124 -50.5 -88.3 -86.5
6 - 17 101 163 146 58.1 103 101
6 - 18 -86.5 -138 -124 -50.5 -88.3 -86.5
18 - 7 154 246 221 89 156 154
7 - 19 -260 -415 -373 -152 -265 -260
19 - 8 258 412 370 150 262 258
8 - 20 -433 -692 -622 -253 -442 -433
20 - 9 362 578 520 210 368 362

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ULS Combinations
Physical bar Beam ULS7 (kN) ULS8 (kN) ULS9 (kN) ULS10 (kN) ULS11 (kN) ULS12 (kN)
9 - 21 -606 -968 -870 -354 -618 -606
21 - 10 465 744 669 271 474 465
10 - 22 -779 -1245 -1119 -455 -795 -779
22 - 11 519 829 745 303 529 519

ULS Combinations
Physical bar Beam ULS13 (kN) ULS14 (kN) ULS15 (kN) ULS16 (kN) ULS17 (kN) ULS18 (kN)
Lower Chord 1-2 0 0 0 0 0 0
2-3 -724 -1032 -816 -931 -715 -580
3-4 -1287 -1835 -1451 -1655 -1271 -1031
4-5 -1689 -2408 -1904 -2173 -1669 -1353
5-6 -1930 -2752 -2176 -2483 -1907 -1546
6-7 -1930 -2752 -2176 -2483 -1907 -1546
7-8 -1689 -2408 -1904 -2173 -1669 -1353
8-9 -1287 -1835 -1451 -1655 -1271 -1031
9 - 10 -724 -1032 -816 -931 -715 -580
10 - 11 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper Chord 12 - 13 724 1032 816 931 715 580
13 - 14 1287 1835 1451 1655 1271 1031
14 - 15 1689 2408 1904 2173 1669 1353
15 - 16 1930 2752 2176 2483 1907 1546
16 - 17 2011 2866 2266 2586 1986 1611
17 - 18 2011 2866 2266 2586 1986 1611
18 - 19 1930 2752 2176 2483 1907 1546
19 - 20 1689 2408 1904 2173 1669 1353
20 - 21 1287 1835 1451 1655 1271 1031
21 - 22 724 1032 816 931 715 580
Bracings 1 - 12 603 859 679 775 595 483
12 - 2 -905 -1290 -1020 -1164 -894 -725
2 - 13 541 771 609 696 534 433
13 - 3 -704 -1003 -793 -905 -695 -564
3 - 14 420 599 473 541 415 336
14 - 4 -503 -717 -567 -647 -497 -403
4 - 15 300 427 337 385 295 240
15 - 5 -302 -430 -340 -388 -298 -242
5 - 16 179 255 201 230 176 143
16 - 6 -101 -143 -113 -129 -99.3 -80.5
6 - 17 118 169 133 152 116 94.1
6 - 18 -101 -143 -113 -129 -99.3 -80.5
18 - 7 179 255 201 230 176 143
7 - 19 -302 -430 -340 -388 -298 -242
19 - 8 300 427 337 385 295 240
8 - 20 -503 -717 -567 -647 -497 -403
20 - 9 420 599 473 541 415 336
9 - 21 -704 -1003 -793 -905 -695 -564

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ULS Combinations
Physical bar Beam ULS13 (kN) ULS14 (kN) ULS15 (kN) ULS16 (kN) ULS17 (kN) ULS18 (kN)
21 - 10 541 771 609 696 534 433
10 - 22 -905 -1290 -1020 -1164 -894 -725
22 - 11 603 859 679 775 595 483

ULS Combinations - Envelopes per beam

Physical bar Beam Max Min
N (kN) Combination N (kN) Combination
Lower Chord 1-2 0 ULS1 0 ULS1
2-3 -364 ULS10 -1032 ULS14
3-4 -647 ULS10 -1835 ULS14
4-5 -849 ULS10 -2408 ULS14
5-6 -970 ULS10 -2752 ULS14
6-7 -970 ULS10 -2752 ULS14
7-8 -849 ULS10 -2408 ULS14
8-9 -647 ULS10 -1835 ULS14
9 - 10 -364 ULS10 -1032 ULS14
10 - 11 0 ULS1 0 ULS1
Upper Chord 12 - 13 1032 ULS14 364 ULS10
13 - 14 1835 ULS14 647 ULS10
14 - 15 2408 ULS14 849 ULS10
15 - 16 2752 ULS14 970 ULS10
16 - 17 2866 ULS14 1011 ULS10
17 - 18 2866 ULS14 1011 ULS10
18 - 19 2752 ULS14 970 ULS10
19 - 20 2408 ULS14 849 ULS10
20 - 21 1835 ULS14 647 ULS10
21 - 22 1032 ULS14 364 ULS10
Bracings 1 - 12 859 ULS14 303 ULS10
12 - 2 -455 ULS10 -1290 ULS14
2 - 13 771 ULS14 271 ULS10
13 - 3 -354 ULS10 -1003 ULS14
3 - 14 599 ULS14 210 ULS10
14 - 4 -253 ULS10 -717 ULS14
4 - 15 427 ULS14 150 ULS10
15 - 5 -152 ULS10 -430 ULS14
5 - 16 255 ULS14 89 ULS10
16 - 6 -50.5 ULS10 -143 ULS14
6 - 17 169 ULS14 58.1 ULS10
6 - 18 -50.5 ULS10 -143 ULS14
18 - 7 255 ULS14 89 ULS10
7 - 19 -152 ULS10 -430 ULS14
19 - 8 427 ULS14 150 ULS10
8 - 20 -253 ULS10 -717 ULS14
20 - 9 599 ULS14 210 ULS10
9 - 21 -354 ULS10 -1003 ULS14

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ULS Combinations - Envelopes per beam

Physical bar Beam Max Min
N (kN) Combination N (kN) Combination
21 - 10 771 ULS14 271 ULS10
10 - 22 -455 ULS10 -1290 ULS14
22 - 11 859 ULS14 303 ULS10

ULS Combinations - Envelopes per physical bar

Physical bars Max N (kN) Combination Min N (kN) Combination
Upper Chord 2866 ULS14 364 ULS10
Lower Chord 0 ULS1 -2752 ULS14
Bracings 859 ULS14 -1290 ULS14

ULS Combinations Envelope max

ULS Combinations Envelope min

3 ULS VERIFICATION RESULTS

3.1 Envelope Results

The member design results are given for the member and combination with the most unfavorable criterion for Upper Chord,
Lower Chord and Bracings.

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Physical bar : Upper Chord

Results Cross-Section In-plane Member Out-of-plane Member
Resistance Resistance Resistance
Combination ULS ULS14 ULS14 ULS14
Beam 16 - 17 16 , 17 12 , 22
Section HE100AA HE100AA HE100AA
Axial Force Ned,max 2866 2866 2866
(kN)
Resistance 5.18 42.4 9724
Criterion : Resistance <1 NOT OK NOT OK NOT OK

Physical bar : Lower Chord

Results Cross-Section In-plane Member Out-of-plane Member
Resistance Resistance Resistance
Combination ULS ULS14 - -
Beam 5-6 - -
Section HE100AA - -
Axial Force Ned,max -2752 - -
(kN)
Resistance 5.55 in tension in tension
Criterion : Resistance <1 NOT OK

Physical bar : Bracings

Results Cross-Section In-plane Member Out-of-plane Member
Resistance Resistance Resistance
Combination ULS ULS14 ULS14 ULS14
Beam 12 - 2 1 , 12 1 , 12
Section HE100AA HE100AA HE100AA
Axial Force Ned,max -1290 859 859
(kN)
Resistance 2.44 7.52 18.7
Criterion : Resistance <1 NOT OK NOT OK NOT OK

In more detail:

In case of sections Anet lower than 100% both compression and tension checks are performed but only the most dominant
value is shown in the following table.

Cross-Section Resistance
Physical bar Beam Section Class Cross-Section Resistance Combination
Lower Chord 1-2 HE100AA in tension 0 ULS1
2-3 HE100AA in tension 2.08 ULS14
3-4 HE100AA in tension 3.70 ULS14
4-5 HE100AA in tension 4.85 ULS14
5-6 HE100AA in tension 5.55 ULS14
6-7 HE100AA in tension 5.55 ULS14
7-8 HE100AA in tension 4.85 ULS14
8-9 HE100AA in tension 3.70 ULS14
9 - 10 HE100AA in tension 2.08 ULS14
10 - 11 HE100AA in tension 0 ULS1

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Cross-Section Resistance
Physical bar Beam Section Class Cross-Section Resistance Combination
Upper Chord 12 - 13 HE100AA 1 1.86 ULS14
13 - 14 HE100AA 1 3.31 ULS14
14 - 15 HE100AA 1 4.35 ULS14
15 - 16 HE100AA 1 4.97 ULS14
16 - 17 HE100AA 1 5.18 ULS14
17 - 18 HE100AA 1 5.18 ULS14
18 - 19 HE100AA 1 4.97 ULS14
19 - 20 HE100AA 1 4.35 ULS14
20 - 21 HE100AA 1 3.31 ULS14
21 - 22 HE100AA 1 1.86 ULS14
Bracings 1 - 12 HE100AA 1 1.55 ULS14
12 - 2 HE100AA in tension 2.44 ULS14
2 - 13 HE100AA 1 1.39 ULS14
13 - 3 HE100AA in tension 1.90 ULS14
3 - 14 HE100AA 1 1.08 ULS14
14 - 4 HE100AA in tension 1.36 ULS14
4 - 15 HE100AA 1 0.772 ULS14
15 - 5 HE100AA in tension 0.814 ULS14
5 - 16 HE100AA 1 0.461 ULS14
16 - 6 HE100AA in tension 0.271 ULS14
6 - 17 HE100AA 1 0.304 ULS14
6 - 18 HE100AA in tension 0.271 ULS14
18 - 7 HE100AA 1 0.461 ULS14
7 - 19 HE100AA in tension 0.814 ULS14
19 - 8 HE100AA 1 0.772 ULS14
8 - 20 HE100AA in tension 1.36 ULS14
20 - 9 HE100AA 1 1.08 ULS14
9 - 21 HE100AA in tension 1.90 ULS14
21 - 10 HE100AA 1 1.39 ULS14
10 - 22 HE100AA in tension 2.44 ULS14
22 - 11 HE100AA 1 1.55 ULS14

In-plane Member Resistance

Physical bar Constrained Section Buckling Buckling Combination
Positions Length (m) Resistance
Lower Chord 1,2 HE100AA 8 in tension -
2,3 HE100AA 8 in tension -
3,4 HE100AA 8 in tension -
4,5 HE100AA 8 in tension -
5,6 HE100AA 8 in tension -
6,7 HE100AA 8 in tension -
7,8 HE100AA 8 in tension -
8,9 HE100AA 8 in tension -
9 , 10 HE100AA 8 in tension -
10 , 11 HE100AA 8 in tension -

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In-plane Member Resistance

Physical bar Constrained Section Buckling Buckling Combination
Positions Length (m) Resistance
Upper Chord 12 , 13 HE100AA 8 15.3 ULS14
13 , 14 HE100AA 8 27.1 ULS14
14 , 15 HE100AA 8 35.6 ULS14
15 , 16 HE100AA 8 40.7 ULS14
16 , 17 HE100AA 8 42.4 ULS14
17 , 18 HE100AA 8 42.4 ULS14
18 , 19 HE100AA 8 40.7 ULS14
19 , 20 HE100AA 8 35.6 ULS14
20 , 21 HE100AA 8 27.1 ULS14
21 , 22 HE100AA 8 15.3 ULS14
Bracings 1 , 12 HE100AA 6 7.52 ULS14
12 , 2 HE100AA 10 in tension -
2 , 13 HE100AA 6 6.75 ULS14
13 , 3 HE100AA 10 in tension -
3 , 14 HE100AA 6 5.24 ULS14
14 , 4 HE100AA 10 in tension -
4 , 15 HE100AA 6 3.74 ULS14
15 , 5 HE100AA 10 in tension -
5 , 16 HE100AA 6 2.23 ULS14
16 , 6 HE100AA 10 in tension -
6 , 17 HE100AA 6 1.48 ULS14
6 , 18 HE100AA 10 in tension -
18 , 7 HE100AA 6 2.23 ULS14
7 , 19 HE100AA 10 in tension -
19 , 8 HE100AA 6 3.74 ULS14
8 , 20 HE100AA 10 in tension -
20 , 9 HE100AA 6 5.24 ULS14
9 , 21 HE100AA 10 in tension -
21 , 10 HE100AA 6 6.75 ULS14
10 , 22 HE100AA 10 in tension -
22 , 11 HE100AA 6 7.52 ULS14

Out-of-plane Member Resistance

Physical bar Constrained Section Buckling Buckling Combination
Positions Length (m) Resistance
Lower Chord 1 , 11 HE100AA 80 in tension -
Upper Chord 12 , 22 HE100AA 80 9724 ULS14
Bracings 1 , 12 HE100AA 6 18.7 ULS14
12 , 2 HE100AA 10 in tension -
2 , 13 HE100AA 6 16.8 ULS14
13 , 3 HE100AA 10 in tension -
3 , 14 HE100AA 6 13.1 ULS14
14 , 4 HE100AA 10 in tension -
4 , 15 HE100AA 6 9.31 ULS14

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Out-of-plane Member Resistance

Physical bar Constrained Section Buckling Buckling Combination
Positions Length (m) Resistance
15 , 5 HE100AA 10 in tension -
5 , 16 HE100AA 6 5.57 ULS14
16 , 6 HE100AA 10 in tension -
6 , 17 HE100AA 6 3.67 ULS14
6 , 18 HE100AA 10 in tension -
18 , 7 HE100AA 6 5.57 ULS14
7 , 19 HE100AA 10 in tension -
19 , 8 HE100AA 6 9.31 ULS14
8 , 20 HE100AA 10 in tension -
20 , 9 HE100AA 6 13.1 ULS14
9 , 21 HE100AA 10 in tension -
21 , 10 HE100AA 6 16.8 ULS14
10 , 22 HE100AA 10 in tension -
22 , 11 HE100AA 6 18.7 ULS14

3.2 Detailed Results

3.2.1 General

The detailed results describe all the calculation steps for each criterion as presented in table of paragraph Envelope Results.

3.2.2 Upper Chord

Cross-Section Resistance

Section: HE100AA
A = 15.6 cm
Anet = 15.6 cm
Iy-y = 237 cm
Iz-z = 92.1 cm
Material: S355 - M/ML - EC3
fy = 355 N/mm
fu = 470 N/mm
Critical Combination: ULS14
NEd = 2866 kN - Compression

Section Classification (EC3 table 5.2)

d = 56 mm
c = 35.9 mm
Web: d/tw = 13.3 --> Class1
Flange: c/tf = 6.53 --> Class1
Section is Class 1

Resistance of Cross Section (EC3 6.2.4)

Nc,Rd= A*fy/M0 = 554 kN ( Eq. 6.11 )

|NEd|/Nc,Rd = 5.18 ( Eq. 6.9 ) NOT OK

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In-plane Member Resistance

Section: HE100AA
Critical Combination: ULS14
NEd = 2866 kN - Compression

Buckling Resistance of member (EC3 6.3.1)

In-Plane Buckling Length Lcr = 800 cm

Elastic Critical Force Ncr = *E*Iy-y/Lcr = 76.6 kN
Non-Dimensional Slenderness = sqrt(A*fy/Ncr) = 2.69
Buckling Curve about y-y local axis
h/b = 0.910
tf = 0.550 cm
Material: S355 - M/ML - EC3
--> buckling curve: b (table 6.2)
--> Imperfection factor: 0.34 (table 6.1)
y-y = 0.5*(1 + *(y-y - 0.2) + y-y) = 4.54
y-y = min(1/(y-y+sqrt(y-y - y-y));1) = 0.122 ( Eq. 6.49 )
Nb,Rd = y-y * A * fy/M1 = 67.6 ( Eq. 6.47 )
|NEd|/Nb,Rd = 42.4 ( Eq. 6.46 ) NOT OK

Out-of-plane Member Resistance

Section: HE100AA
Critical Combination: ULS14
NEd = 2866 kN - Compression

Buckling Resistance of member (EC3 6.3.1)

Out-of-Plane Buckling Length Lcr = 8000 cm

Elastic Critical Force Ncr = *E*Iz-z/Lcr = 0.298 kN
Non-Dimensional Slenderness = sqrt(A*fy/Ncr) = 43.1
Buckling Curve about z-z local axis
h/b = 0.910
tf = 0.550 cm
Material: S355 - M/ML - EC3
--> buckling curve: c (table 6.2)
--> Imperfection factor: 0.49 (table 6.1)
z-z = 0.5*(1 + *(z-z - 0.2) + z-z) = 940
z-z = min(1/(z-z+sqrt(z-z - z-z));1) = 0.001 ( Eq. 6.49 )
Nb,Rd = z-z * A * fy/M1 = 0.295 ( Eq. 6.47 )
|NEd|/Nb,Rd = 9724 ( Eq. 6.46 ) NOT OK

3.2.3 Lower Chord

Cross-Section Resistance

Section: HE100AA
A = 15.6 cm
Anet = 14.7 cm
Iy-y = 237 cm
Iz-z = 92.1 cm
Material: S355 - M/ML - EC3
fy = 355 N/mm
fu = 470 N/mm
Critical Combination: ULS14
NEd = -2752 kN - Tension

Resistance of Cross Section (EC3 6.2.3)

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Npl,Rd= A*fy/M0 = 554 kN ( Eq. 6.6 )

Nu,Rd=0.9*Anet*fu/M2 = 496 kN ( Eq. 6.7 )
Nt,Rd= min(Npl.Rd;Nu,Rd) = 496 kN
NEd/Nt.Rd = 5.55 ( Eq. 6.5 ) NOT OK

Member in tension: no in and out member plane check

3.2.4 Bracing

Cross-Section Resistance

Section: HE100AA
A = 15.6 cm
Anet = 15.6 cm
Iy-y = 237 cm
Iz-z = 92.1 cm
Material: S355 - M/ML - EC3
fy = 355 N/mm
fu = 470 N/mm
Critical Combination: ULS14
NEd = -1290 kN - Tension

Resistance of Cross Section (EC3 6.2.3)

Npl,Rd= A*fy/M0 = 554 kN ( Eq. 6.6 )

Nu,Rd=0.9*Anet*fu/M2 = 528 kN ( Eq. 6.7 )
Nt,Rd= min(Npl.Rd;Nu,Rd) = 528 kN
NEd/Nt.Rd = 2.44 ( Eq. 6.5 ) NOT OK

In-plane Member Resistance

Section: HE100AA
Critical Combination: ULS14
NEd = 859 kN - Compression

Section Classification (EC3 table 5.2)

d = 56 mm
c = 35.9 mm
Web: d/tw = 13.3 --> Class1
Flange: c/tf = 6.53 --> Class1
Section is Class 1

Buckling Resistance of member (EC3 6.3.1)

In-Plane Buckling Length Lcr = 600 cm

Elastic Critical Force Ncr = *E*Iy-y/Lcr = 136 kN
Non-Dimensional Slenderness = sqrt(A*fy/Ncr) = 2.02
Buckling Curve about y-y local axis
h/b = 0.910
tf = 0.550 cm
Material: S355 - M/ML - EC3
--> buckling curve: b (table 6.2)
--> Imperfection factor: 0.34 (table 6.1)
y-y = 0.5*(1 + *(y-y - 0.2) + y-y) = 2.84
y-y = min(1/(y-y+sqrt(y-y - y-y));1) = 0.206 ( Eq. 6.49 )
Nb,Rd = y-y * A * fy/M1 = 114 ( Eq. 6.47 )
|NEd|/Nb,Rd = 7.52 ( Eq. 6.46 ) NOT OK

Out-of-plane Member Resistance

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Section: HE100AA
Critical Combination: ULS14
NEd = 859 kN - Compression

Buckling Resistance of member (EC3 6.3.1)

Out-of-Plane Buckling Length Lcr = 600 cm

Elastic Critical Force Ncr = *E*Iz-z/Lcr = 53 kN
Non-Dimensional Slenderness = sqrt(A*fy/Ncr) = 3.23
Buckling Curve about z-z local axis
h/b = 0.910
tf = 0.550 cm
Material: S355 - M/ML - EC3
--> buckling curve: c (table 6.2)
--> Imperfection factor: 0.49 (table 6.1)
z-z = 0.5*(1 + *(z-z - 0.2) + z-z) = 6.47
z-z = min(1/(z-z+sqrt(z-z - z-z));1) = 0.083 ( Eq. 6.49 )
Nb,Rd = z-z * A * fy/M1 = 45.9 ( Eq. 6.47 )
|NEd|/Nb,Rd = 18.7 ( Eq. 6.46 ) NOT OK

4 SLS VERIFICATION RESULTS

Notations

The criterion for the deflection is calculated as follows:

|Wmax| L/n1
|W3max| L/n2
Where:
Wmax: the absolute maximum value of deflection W under SLS combinations

W3max: the absolute maximum value of deflection W3 under the variable part of SLS combinations

L :the span length

n1 = 250

n2 = 200

L / n1 = 320 L / n2 = 400

Combination W (mm) |W| L/n1 W3 (mm) |W3| L/n2

SLS1 -1328 NO -767 NO
SLS2 -1021 NO -460 NO
SLS3 -1072 NO -511 NO
SLS4 -765 NO -205 YES
SLS5 -1471 NO -910 NO
SLS6 -1328 NO -767 NO
SLS7 -1215 NO -655 NO
SLS8 -1072 NO -511 NO
SLS9 -1522 NO -961 NO
SLS10 -1215 NO -655 NO
SLS11 -1379 NO -818 NO
SLS12 -1072 NO -511 NO

5 VERIFICATION SYNTHESIS
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5.1 ULS Verification Results

Physical bars Cross-Section Resistance Member Resistance
Buckling Resistance in-plane Buckling Resistance out-of-plane
Upper Chord 5.18 42.4 9724
Lower Chord 5.55 - -
Bracings 2.44 7.52 18.7

5.2 SLS Verification Results

Deflections

|Wmax| = 1522 mm = L/53 > L/250 (SLS9)

|W3max| = 961 mm = L/84 > L/200 (SLS9)

Natural Frequences

Combination Mass assumed to be concentrated (Hz) Mass assumed to be distributed (Hz)

SLS9 0.405 0.461

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Warning!

This software facilitates the preliminary engineering studies with respect to steel constructions. Based on calculation methods
complying with the principles of the applied standards, this software enables to make a certain number of verifications in view
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