Since money came into use in the ancient world, there has been counterfeiting.

Early money was in the form of coins with a

specific content of gold, silver, or other metal in it. Making counterfeit coins was relatively easy. A metal of equal weight
could be gold- or silver-plated and passed on to the public as genuine.

Counterfeiting paper currency is a highly technical skill that calls for a talented draftsman, photographer, plate maker, and
printer. Also necessary for the counterfeit money to be convincing are high-quality rag paper and the proper kind of ink.

With such technological advance as high-speed cameras, engraving machines, and ultra-sensitive lithographic presses, the
time needed to produce counterfeit money has been shortened and the quality of the work much improved. To combat
these problems the United States government has attempted to make detection of fraud easier by the use of very high-
quality rag paper, the exact composition of which is secret. Even the green pigment and ink are made solely for the Bureau
of Engraving. Other nations also use special paper and inks. In much foreign currency a distinctive watermark can be seen
by holding the money up to the light.

Counterfeiting is a criminal offence in every country. A convention signed by many nations in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1929
provided for the centralization and cooperation of international police action to combat counterfeiting. Interpol had been
nominated as the effective authority for this emission. Adapted from the internet*

1. The text is about: a. Counterfeiting cars b. Counterfeiting money c. Counterfeiting clothes

2. Are the following statements true or false according to the text?
a. Counterfeiting existed since the appearance of money.
b. Every person can be a counterfeiter.
c. Technological development helped counterfeiters.
d. Counterfeiting is legal in some countries.
3. Answer the following questions according to the text.
a. Why was counterfeiting in the past? *

b. What is needed to counterfeit paper currency? *

c. What did the United States Government do to combat counterfeiting? *

4. In which paragraph it is mentioned that countries must help each other to stop money counterfeiting?
5. Say what or who do the underlined words refer to in the text: It(1): which(3):..
6. Find in the text words opposite of: a. fake (1) b. decline (3)
7. Complete the following table:
verbs nouns adjectives
decision
various
require
pay

8.Rewrite the sentences by keeping the same meaning:

a. Lots of criminal organizations are forging money.
Money.
b. We must work together in order to improve conditions in our country.
Its high time..
c. I didn't buy that dress. I regret it now.
I wish I.
d. The system of law is so well implemented that companies avoid bribery actions.
It is
9.Fill in the gaps with the following words. Describes currency recently imitation word - content

A counterfeit is an . that is made usually with the intent to deceptively represent its
or origins. The ..counterfeit most frequently describes forgeries
of.. or documents, but can also .. clothing , software , pharmaceuticals,
watches, or more , cars and motorcycles.
 Societies of the past showed an exceptional respect for people among them who had the moral qualities they
considered to be the most valuable in their philosophy. For example ; they used to regard courage as a feature that no
other thing could equal. Loyalty either to ones country or to the family and friends alise also acquired in their view a price
that had to be hounoured by every member of the community. Other features like honesty, wisdom, generosity ,
intelligence and the readiness to sacrifice ones life for some ideal or another used to be worshipped and the individuals
possessing them much admired.

Today, important changes have affected nearly every nation in this field. As a result, the attitudes which have acquired
the highest importance are quite different. For instance, people generally view the ability to make money and achieve
professional success as attributes that hold the top level in this new evaluation. The faster someone amasses material
possessions and turns into a wealthy person the more consideration he earns from his fellows.

In fact, talents like intelligence, creativity, preservance and originality are often relagated into a lower position and such
a situation usually produces in the minds of the young, the eagerness to invest their hopes in music, sport and business
because these spheres offer them much chance to get rich and famous quickly. Moreover,cheating , stealing and lying that
used to be un forgivable are tolerate in this day and age.

1- The text is about : a- Money and respect. b- Moral values : past and present. c- Moral qualities.
2- Complete the following table according to the text :
Positive qualities Negative qualities

3.Say whether the following statements are true or false :

a- Courage is a quality which people of the past liked the most.
b- In the past, young people were respected if they were rich.
c- The past attitudes are so different than todays attitudes.
3- Answer the following questions according to the text *
a- Why did people of the past show much respect to some of their members ?
b- How did the communities of the past act with honest people ?
c- Do people today feel attracted by material success ?
4.Find in the text words that are opposites to the following : Ordinary (1) .. the bottom (2)
2) Complete the following table :
verb noun adjective
courage
affect
admired
achieve

3) Join the following sentences using the appropriate relative pronoun:

a) This is the boy. His brother used to wear baggy jeans. (whose)
b) I like fashionable clothes. They make me feel satisfied. (which)
c) We know a lot of people. They work in a fashion house.( Who)
4)Rewrite sentence B so that it means the same as sentence A :
a- People in the past didnt have the habit to forget about their familial relationships.
- People in the past ..
b- To get the prize, you are obliged to promote a culture of peace whenever and wherever you are.
To get the prize,you.
c.- In the past, slaves couldnt fight for their rights. b- In the past, slaves a- It is forbidden for the
muslims to neglect the islamic rules. b- The muslims 4) put the correct form of comparison for
the words in brackets : (1pt) a)The attitudes of the past /to be/ (difficult) / the ones of today. b) youngsters of the past /to
be/ (kind) / todays youngesters. 5) Classify the following words according to th pronunciation of the final s : (1pt)
Changes nations hopes qualities . Write a composition of about 100 words about one of the following topics Topic
One: Speak about changes that happen in your life style (eating habits, clothi