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PHYSICS

QUESTION ONE (30 Marks)

a) Classical physics is a good approximation to modern physics under


certain circumstances explain (3
Marks)
b) A persons blood pressure is measured to be 120 2 mm Hg. What is its

percent uncertainty (2 Marks)


c) Calculate the approximate number of atoms in a bacterium. Assume that

the average mass of an atom in the bacterium is ten times the mass of a

hydrogen atom. (Hint: The mass of a hydrogen atom is on the order of 1027

kg and the mass of a bacterium is on the order of 1015 kg) (4 Marks)


d) Bacteria move back and forth by using their flagella (structures that look

like little tails). Speeds of up to 50 m/s to 50106 m/s have been

observed. The total distance traveled by a bacterium is large for its size,

while its displacement is small, Explain (3 Marks)


e) Describe a situation in which the net external force on a system is not

zero, yet its speed remains constant. (3

Marks)
f) Conversations with astronauts on the lunar surface were characterized

by a kind of echo in which the earthbound persons voice was so loud in the

astronauts space helmet that it was picked up by the astronauts

microphone and transmitted back to Earth. It is reasonable to assume that

the echo time equals the time necessary for the radio wave to travel from the

Earth to the Moon and back (that is, neglecting any time delays in the

electronic equipment). Calculate the distance from Earth to the Moon given

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that the echo time was 2.56 s and that radio waves travel at the speed of

light (3.00108 m/s). (4 Marks)


g) Blood is accelerated from rest to 30.0 cm/s in a distance of 1.80 cm by

the left ventricle of the heart.


i) Make a sketch of the situation in terms of its motion (2 Marks)
ii) How long does the acceleration take (3 Marks)
iii) Calculate the acceleration of the blood (2

Marks)
iv) Is the answer reasonable when compared with the time for a

heartbeat (1Mark)
h) How many cubic meters of blood does the heart pump in a 75-year

lifetime, assuming the average flow rate is 5.00 L/min

(3 Marks)

QUESTION TWO (15 Marks)

a) An object is dropped from a height of 75.0 m above ground level.


Calculate
i. The distance traveled during the first second. (2 Marks)
ii. The final velocity at which the object hits the ground. (2 Marks)
iii. The distance traveled during the last second of motion before
hitting the ground. (2
Marks)
b) A cleaner pushes a 4.5kg laundry cart in such a way that the net
external force on it is 60N. Calculate its acceleration
(2 Marks)
c) An elevator filled with passengers has a mass of 1700 kg. The elevator
accelerates upward from rest at a rate of 1.20 m/s2 for 1.5s. Calculate the
tension in the cable supporting the elevator (3 Marks)
d) Microwave ovens rotate at a rate of about 6 rev/min. Calculate this
rotation in revolutions per second and its angular velocity in radians per
second.
(4 Marks)
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QUESTION THREE (15 Marks)

a) An object that has a small mass and an object that has a large mass

have the same momentum. Which object has the largest kinetic energy?

Explain your answer in detail. (3

Marks)
b) Under what circumstances is momentum conserved? Explain (3

Marks)
c) Give the main difference between elastic and inelastic collisions(3 Marks)
d) A car moving at 10 m/s crashes into a tree and stops in 0.26 calculate

the force the seatbelt exerts on a passenger in the car to bring him to a

halt. The mass of the passenger is 70 kg. Would the answer to this

question be different if the car with the 70kg passenger had collided with a

car that has a mass equal to and is traveling in the opposite direction and

at the same speed? Explain your answer.

(6 Marks)

QUESTION FOUR (15 Marks)

a) Suppose you pour 0.250 kg of 20.0C water (about a cup) into a 0.500-kg

aluminum pan off the stove with a temperature of 150C. Assume that the

pan is placed on an insulated pad and that a negligible amount of water

boils off. What is the temperature when the water and pan reach thermal

equilibrium a short time later? (4 Marks)


b) During laser vision correction, a brief burst of 193-nm ultraviolet light is

projected onto the cornea of a patient. It makes a spot 0.80 mm in diameter

and evaporates a layer of cornea 0.30 m thick. Calculate the energy

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absorbed, assuming the corneal tissue has the same properties as water; it

is initially at 34C. Assume the evaporated tissue leaves at a temperature of

100C. (5 Marks)
c) Verify that the correct value for the speed of light c is obtained when

numerical values for the permeability and permittivity of free space ( 0=

1.26 106 Tm / A and 0= 8.85 1012 C2 / Nm2 ) are entered into the

equation 0, 0 (4 Marks)

d) An AM radio transmitter broadcasts 50.0 kW of power uniformly in all

directions. Assuming all of the radio waves that strike the ground are

completely absorbed, and that there is no absorption by the atmosphere or

other objects, what is the intensity 30.0 km away? (Hint: Half the power

will be spread over the area of a hemisphere.) (3 Marks)

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