‘2d Session [ Doc. FILE fem Conan) SENATE {Bagi c E THE ANTARCTIC TREATY MESSAGE : THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES i ‘mmaxsuarreva A CERTIFIED COPY OF THE ANTARCTIC TREATY, SIGNED AT. WASHINGTON ON DECEMBER 1, 1050, BY THE PLENIPOTENTI- {) ARIES OP THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND ELEVEN | OTHER CouNTRIES Fusnvany 15, 1960—Treaty was road the first time and the {junction of sooreey was removed therefrom. The ‘reaty, the President's metsnge of (© twanamittal, and all secompanying papers were referred to the Committee on "Foreign Relatioos and ordered to be printed for the use of the Senate Tar Ware House, ‘February 16, 1960. +o the Senate of the United States: ‘With a view to receiving the advice and consent of the Senate to | tatification, I transmit herewith a certified copy of the Antarctic / Treaty, signed at Washington on December 1, 1959, by plenipoten- [F stiaries of the United States of America and 11 other countries ‘This is a tnique and historic treaty. It provides that a large area af the world—an aroa equal in size to Europe and the United States | gombined—will be used for peaceful purposes only. It contains ‘broad, unrestricted inspection system to ensure that the nonmilitariza ~ ‘tion provisions will be carried out. ‘The purposes and provisions of the treaty are explained in the repert ,of the Secretary of State, which is transmitted herewith, I transmit algo, for the information of the Senate, a certified copy of the final act of the Conference on Antarctica, held at Washington October 15 to December 1, 1959, at which the treaty was formulated. ‘The final act does not require ratification. in or proceeding from its territory; (b)"all stations in Antarctica occupied by its nationals; and (c) any, military ‘personnel or equipment. intended ta. be introduced by it into Antaretica subject to the conditions pre seribed in paragraph 2 of Article I of the present Treaty. Arneoe VIIL 1. In order to facilitate the exercise of their functions under the present Treaty, and without prejudice to the respective positions of the Contracting Parties relating to jurisdiction over all other persona in Antarctica, observers designated under paragraph 1 of Article VIL gud olentife personnel exchanged under subperagraph 1(b) of Article I of the ‘Troaty, and members of the stalls accompanying any such persons, shall be subject. only to the jurisdiciom of the Contracting Party of which they are nationals in espoct of all acta oF omissions occurring while they are in Antarctica for the purpose of exercising their functions. 2, Without prejudice ‘to the provisions of paragraph 1 of this Article, and pending the adoption of measures in purswance of guts Paragraph 1(e) of Article IX, the Contracting Parties concerned fa any cise of dispute with regard to the exercise of jurisdicton. in Antarctica shall immediately consult together with a view to reaching a mutually acceptable solution, Antioue IX 1. Representatives of the Contracting Parties uamed in the pre- amble to the present ‘Treaty shall-meet ut the City of Cenbone within two months after the date of entry into force of the Treaty, and thereafter at suitable intervals. and. places, for the purpese of exchanging information, cousulling togetiser on matters of oomone, interest pertaining to Antarctica, and formulating and considering and recommending to their Governments, measures in furtherance sf the principles and objectives of the ‘freaty, including sioneerce regarding: (g) ye of Antarctica for pesosful purposes only; (b) facilitation of scientie research in Antarcl ca (¢) facilitation of international scientifle cooperation in Ant- arctica; (A) facilitation of the exerci of the rights of inspection pro- vided for in Article VII of the Treaty; {o) questions relating to the exercise of jurisdiction in Ant- arctice} @) preservation and conservation of living resources in Ant arctica, 2. Each Contracting Party which hes become a party to the present ‘Treaty by acoassion under Article XIII shall be entitled to appoint representatives to participate in the meetings referred to in parsgrah, jf fie protenc Aine Wiring auch tine ae that Contracting Fase demonstrates ite interest in Antarctica by conducting substaneel sos—co—a10 ‘"PHE ANTARCTIC TREATY scientific research activity there, such as tho establishment of a Scientific station or the despatch of a scientific expedition. 3. Reports from the observers referred to in Article VIT of the resent ‘Treaty shall be transmitted to the representatives, of the jontraoting Parties participating in the meotings referred to in peragraph | of the present, Article 4. Phe measures referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall become effective when approved by'all the Contracting Parties whose representatives were entitled to participate in the meetings held to consider those measures 5. Any or all of the rights established in the present, Treaty may be exorcised as from the date of entry into force of the Treaty whether or not any measures facilitating the exercise of such rights have been proposed, considered or approved as provided in this Article, Anmioun X Each of tho Contracting Partios undertakes to exert appropriate ‘efforts, consistent. with the Charter of the United Nations, to the gnu that no one engoges i avy activity in Antartica contrary to the Principles or purposes of the present, Treaty. Announ XI 1, If any dispute arises between two or more of the Contracting Parties concerning the interpretation or application of the present ‘Troaty, those Contracting Frrtes shall consult among themselves with a view to having the dispute resolved by negotiation, inquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement “or other peaceful means of their own choice. 2. Any dispute of this character not so resolved shall, with the consent, in each case, of all parties to the dispute, be referred to the International Court. of Justice for settlement; but failure to reach agreement, on reference to the International Court shall not absolve parties to the dispute from the responsibility of continuing to seek to resolve it by any of the vatious peaceful means referred to in para graph 1 of this Article. Anno XID 1. (@) The prosont Troaty may be modified or amended at any time by unanimous agreement of the Contracting Parties whose representatives are entitled to participate in the meetings provided for under Article IX. Any such modification or amendment shall ‘enter into force when the depositary Government lias received notice from all such Contracting Parties that they have ratified it (b) Such modification or amendment shall thereafter enter into force as to any other Contracting Party when notice of ratification by it has been received by the depositary Government. Any such Con- tracting Party from which no notice of ratification is received within 1 period of two years from the date of entry into force of te modifiea- tion or amendment in actordance with the provisions of subparagraph 1(@) of this Article shall be deemed to have withdrawn from the present ‘Treaty on the date of the expiration of such period. 2, (a) Tf after the expiration of thirty vears from the date of entry into force of the present Treaty, any of the Contracting Parties whoseTHE ANTARCTIC TREATY i Fepresentatives are entitled to participate in the meetings provided for under Asticlo TX so requesta by a communication nddreostal te ihe depositary Government, a Conference of all the Contracting Portic, shall be Bold’ as soon as practice nce the operation of the ‘Treaty. ©) Any modification or amendment to the present Treaty which Btpproved at such 1 Conference by a majority of the Contraction Provisions of paragraph 1 of the present Article (c) If any such modification or amendment has not entered into force in accordance with the provisions of subparagraph 1(a) of this {ticle within a period of two years after the date of iis commenges tion to all the Contracting’ Patties, any Contracting Party may at Anroce XII riniong Quacent Treaty shall be subject to ratification by the signatory States. It shall be open for accession by any Sate whee But Member of the United Nations, or by any other Stave which tet be invited to accede to the Treaty with the consent of all the Gay, {fucting Farties whose representatives are entitled to’ particneass ny ‘hs mectings provided for under Article IX of the Treaty, 2. Ratification of or accession to the present ‘Treaty shall be effected by sach State in accordance with its constitutional procssace 2, Instruments of ratification and instruments of accession shall Be deposited with the Government of aa United States of America, Hien or accession, and the date of entry into force of the ‘Treaty and of any modification or amendment thereto, 5, {Pen the deposit of instruments of ratification by all the signa Lory States, the present Treaty shall enter into foree for tone Serves Sad tor States which have deposited instruments of acceasiow, Thee: gli: the Treaty shall enter into foreo for any acceding State upor ite deposit of its instrument of accession. &. The presont Treaty shall be registored by the depositary Govern- ment pursuant to Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nerone Annerp XIV Tho present Treaty, done in the English, French, Russian and Spanish languages, each version being equally suthontie weet he deposited in the archives of the Government of the Uniad Qo, of12 ‘THE, ANTARCTIO. TREATY America, which shall transmit: duly certified copies thereof to the Governments of the signatory and acceding States. In wrnwess wazngor, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, duly suthorized, have signed the present Treaty. Dons at Washington this first dey of December, one thousand nine hundred and fity-nine. For Argentina: ‘Apouro Sciuunco F Bano For Australia: Howanp Braue For Belgium: Opnrr ps Tarevstes For Chile: Mazeta Mora M E Gasanpo V Souo Escovmno For the French Republic: Prearp OnAnrentizr For Japan: ‘Korenno Asaxat ‘T, Sammopa For New Zealand GDL Ware For Norwar: Pavi Kour For the Union of South Africa: ‘Wanrzmy ©. pv Punssis For the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: Y. Kumersov (Romanization) For the United Kingdom of Great Britein and Northern Ireland: Hanon Caccta For the United Siates of America: Horan PruzcEr Paur C, Dawinrs Tonwrrey riar the foregoing is a true copy of the Antarctic Treaty signed at Washington on December 1, 1068 in, the Bnglish, French, Russian, and Spanish languages, the signed original of which is de- posited in the archives of the Government of the United States of America, Tx Teenaony wiensor, J, Cuniertan A. Huerven, Secretary of State of the United States of America, have hereunto caused the séal tf the Department of State to be affixed and my name subscribed by the Authentication Officer of the ssid Department, at the city of‘mnt ANTARCTIC TREATY 13 Washington, in the District of Columbia, thissecond day of December, 1965 Iszat] Canisan A. Hanren, . Seeretary of State, By Bannana Harmman, Authentication Oficer, Department of State. TEXT OF UNITED STATES NOTE OF MAY 2, 10581 Bxemtaamer: T have the honor to rofer to the splendid example of international cooperation which ean now be observed iu many pects of the word Seaton of th ogrdinted afore of sins of many come in soaking a botter Andersianding of geophysical phenomena during the current Intemational Geophysical Year, ‘These. coordinoted efforts of the scientats of many fonds have a thor objective a greatly ne creased Irnowledge of the planet on which we live and wil no doubt contribute directly and indirectly to the welfare of the human race for many generations to come, ‘Auiong ihe Various portions of the’globe where these cooperative scientiie endeavors art being carried on with singuler sucess and with » sincere consciousness of the high ideals of mankind to wich Bey are dedicated is the vast- and relatively remote. continent. of Antarctica. ‘Phe scientie research belag conducted in that online ty the cooperative efforts of distinguished ocientste from many. cove ‘Wes is progueing information of practical as well as taooretical value forall mankind "The International Geophysical Year comes to a close st the end of 1058," ‘The need. for continued solentie repentah i, Antarctica, howera will cntnue for macy stare youre fat the future, Ae” cordingly ie would appear desirable for those counties participating {athe Antarctic programm of the International Genphyaeal Year to Teach agreement among themselves on t program 1 aesyre the, con. Ginuation of the fruit scientise ‘cooperation, rotetred. to shove. Such an arrangement could have the additioual advantage of pre: venting unnecessary and tndesirable political rivaries in that conti: ont, the tneconomie expenditure of funds to defend individual ational: interests, and- the recurrent, possiblity of international misunderstanding.” Tt would appear that if harmonious agreement ean be reached among the countries directly concerned tn regard to friendly" cooperation sm. Antarction, there. would be advantages not nly to those countries but to all other countries as well, The present situation in Antarotiea is characterized by diverse legal, palitical, and administrative concopts which render friendly. co: Seperation ‘dificult in the absence of an uadoretanting amgng the epuntries involved. "Seven countries have asserted clatins of fover. ‘Sgnty to portions of Antareties, some of which overlap and give Hse toroccasional frictions.” Other countries have e direst mucrest in that agp Seat neues tu Autae® Argeatina! Sea ange Spe guna SUA ee Pe