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  • Food Chain and Webs

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    This document discusses key terms related to food chains and webs in an ecosystem. It defines producers as plants that make their own food, primary consumers as herbivores that eat plants, and secondary and tertiary consumers as carnivores that eat other animals. A food chain shows what eats what, while a food web connects all the food chains in an ecosystem and shows how organisms rely on both plants and animals. A pyramid of numbers illustrates population sizes decreasing at each trophic level due to energy loss, while a pyramid of biomass more accurately shows energy transfer between levels. Decomposers break down dead matter and cycle nutrients.

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    Food chain

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    FC & FW

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    This document discusses key terms related to food chains and webs in an ecosystem. It defines producers as plants that make their own food, primary consumers as herbivores that eat plants, and secondary and tertiary consumers as carnivores that eat other animals. A food chain shows what eats what, while a food web connects all the food chains in an ecosystem and shows how organisms rely on both plants and animals. A pyramid of numbers illustrates population sizes decreasing at each trophic level due to energy loss, while a pyramid of biomass more accurately shows energy transfer between levels. Decomposers break down dead matter and cycle nutrients.

    Drepturi de autor:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
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    18 vizualizări5 pagini

    Food Chain and Webs

    Încărcat de

    pug
    This document discusses key terms related to food chains and webs in an ecosystem. It defines producers as plants that make their own food, primary consumers as herbivores that eat plants, and secondary and tertiary consumers as carnivores that eat other animals. A food chain shows what eats what, while a food web connects all the food chains in an ecosystem and shows how organisms rely on both plants and animals. A pyramid of numbers illustrates population sizes decreasing at each trophic level due to energy loss, while a pyramid of biomass more accurately shows energy transfer between levels. Decomposers break down dead matter and cycle nutrients.

    Drepturi de autor:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
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    din 5

    5/22/2017

    Food Chain and Webs


    The table describes some common terms used to describe living things
    in their environment:

    Term Description
    All the conditions that surround a living
    Environment
    organism
    Habitat The place where an organism lives
    All the members of a single species that
    Population
    live in a habitat
    All the populations of different organisms
    Community
    that live together in a habitat
    A community and the habitat in which
    Ecosystem
    organisms live

    A food chain shows the different species of an


    organism in an ecosystem, and what eats what.
    Plants and animals need energy. Plants trap
    light energy using chlorophyll.
    Plants are producer because they are the first
    organism in food chain and make energy, large
    molecules.
    A food chain ends with a consumer, an animal
    that eats a plant or another animal.

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    5/22/2017

    The plant is the producer and the animals are


    consumers:
    the first consumer in the chain is also called
    the primary consumer
    the next one is the secondary consumer
    the one after that is the tertiary consumer
    A consumer that only eats plants is called a
    herbivore, and a consumer that only eats
    other animals is called a carnivore. An
    omnivore is an animal that eats both plants
    and animals.

    Pyramid of Numbers
    The population of each organism in a food
    chain can be shown in a type of bar chart
    called a pyramid of numbers. The bars are
    drawn to scale the more organisms it
    represents, the wider the bar. The producer in
    the food chain always goes at the bottom of
    the pyramid of numbers.

    2
    5/22/2017

    Energy is lost to the surroundings as we


    go from one level to the next, so there
    are usually fewer organisms at each
    level in this food chain. A lot of clover is
    needed to support the snail population.
    A thrush eats lots of snails, and a hawk
    eats lots of thrushes, so the population
    of hawks is very small.

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    5/22/2017

    Pyramid of Biomass
    A pyramid of biomass is a more accurate
    indication of how much energy is passed on at
    each trophic level.
    Biomass is the mass of living material in each
    organism multiplied by the total number of
    organisms in that trophic level.
    This makes it easier to compare the food value
    of a small number of large organisms with a
    large number of small organisms.

    Food Web
    When all the food chains in an ecosystem are
    joined up together, they form a food web.
    A food web usually arranged with the producers
    at the bottom
    A food web can show omnivores- animal that
    rely on both plants and animals for food.
    Animal at the end of the food chains are top
    predator, and found at the food webs.

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    5/22/2017

    Decomposers
    Decomposers are organisms such as bacteria
    and fungi that break down the organic matter in
    the dead bodies of plants and animals. As the
    decomposers feed from the dead animals, they
    break down the organic compounds into simple
    nutrients.

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