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Here are some experts from: Michael Hoffmans book, They Were
White and They Were Slaves and Ulrich B. Phillips, Life and
Labor in the Old South
The Irish slave trade began when James II sold 30,000 Irish prisoners as
slaves to the New World. His Proclamation of 1625 required Irish political
prisoners be sent overseas and sold to English settlers in the West Indies.
By the mid 1600s, the Irish were the main slaves sold to Antigua and
Montserrat (70% of the total population of Montserrat were Irish slaves at
this time).
From 1641 to 1652 more than 500,000 Irish were killed by the English and
over 300,000 were sold as slaves. Ireland's population fell from about
1,500,000 to 600,000 in one single decade.
During the 1650s, over 100,000 Irish children between the ages of 10 and
14 were forcibly taken from their parents and sold as slaves in the West
Indies, Virginia and New England. Another 52,000 Irish (mostly women
and children) were sold to Barbados and Virginia while 30,000 Irish men
were sold to the highest bidder.
African slaves were very expensive (50 Sterling), had to be transported long
distances and paid for not only in Africa but in the New World. Irish slaves
were cheap (no more than 5 Sterling) and most often were either kidnapped
from Ireland, prisoners or forcibly removed. They could be worked to
death, whipped or branded without it being a crime. Many, many times
they were beat to death and while the death of an Irish slave was a
monetary setback, it was far cheaper than the death of an expensive
African. Therefore, African slaves were treated much better in Colonial
America.
The importation of Irish slaves continued well into the eighteenth century,
long after the importation of African slaves became the norm. Records state
that after the 1798 Irish Rebellion, thousands of Irish slaves were sold to
both America and
Australia.
Irish slavery didn't end until Britain decided to end slavery in 1839 and
stopped transporting slaves.