1803 Vocabulary Terms

These terms are in no particular order; however all must be defined as a part of the set-exercises assessment task.

Term Definition
2D Shape A shape with only two dimensions (such as width
1 and height) and no thickness.
2 3D Shape A shape with only three dimensions.
5E Model 5E Models are: Engage, Explore, Explain, Extent,
3 and Evaluate.
accommodation Reframing the world and new experiences into the
4 mental capacity already present.
assimilation The process of taking in and fully understanding
5 information or ideas.
cardinality 1. The number of elements in a set or other grouping,
6 as a property of that grouping.
centration A child focuses on the most obvious aspect of
something without considering the finer
7 complexities.
8 Classification (Science process skill) Making groupings and sorting real objects.
Cognitive constructivism People construct their own understanding and
knowledge, through experiencing things and
9 reflecting on those experiences.
communicating (Science process skill) Describing phenomena, giving out and receiving
10 information, creating graphs, maps.
11 concept Building blocks of knowledge.
conceptual subtilizing Recognizing subsets of a group visually and using
12 this to mentally identify the whole.
conclusion (Scientific method) Summarize and explain what happened in the
13 experiment.
Concrete operational stage Children start to conserve (become more skilled at
remembering the original picture in their mind and
making mental reversal when appearances are
14 changed).
concrete pictorial abstract learning progression Is based on the belief that mathematical
understanding is developed through using
concrete, pictorial and abstract (or symbolic)
15 representations.
16 conservation The ability to hold the original picture mentally.
Constructivist method People construct their own under- standings by
attaching new experiences and build their own
17 knowledge.
controlling variables (More complex science process skill) Determining which variables in an investigation
should be studied or should be controlled to
18 conduct a controlled experiment.
data Facts and statistics collected together for reference
19 or analysis.
disequilibrium A state that children realize that they do not
understand something they previously thought
20 they understood.
Name: Mariam Mohamed Almheiri.
ID: H00328114.
 1803 Vocabulary Terms

equilibrium A state that children have gathered enough

information to satisfy their curiosity and to create a
21 new concept that explains most or all of the facts.
estimation A rough calculation of the value, number, quantity,
22 or extent of something.
Formal Operations Stage Children can learn to use the scientific method
23 independently.
hypothesis (Scientific method) Research to make an educated guess, or
24 hypothesis, and then answer the question.
25 hypothesizing (More complex science process skill) Relationship between two variables.
26 inferring (science process skill) Making conclusions, generalizations.
informal experience Is where the child chooses the activity and action,
27 but with adult intervention at some point.
inquiry-based learning (IBL) A something that all of us experience throughout
our lives growing up children are continually asking
questions in an attempt to make sense of the
28 world.
learning cycle Learning cycle is consist of 5E models are: Engage,
29 Explore, Explain, Extent, and Evaluate.
logical grouping Groupings of elements that complement each
30 other.
measuring Assigning a number to things so that children can
31 be compared in terms of the same attribute.
measuring (science process skill) Quantifying observations using numbers, counting,
32 time, distance, volume, size, temperature.
more knowledgeable other Is somewhat self-explanatory; it refers to someone
who has a better understanding or a higher ability
level than the learner, with respect to a particular
33 task, process, or concept.
34 naturalistic experience Those in which the child controls choice and action.
35 observing (science process skill) Using the five senses to gather information.
one to one correspondence The recognition that one group has as many
36 members as another.
perceptual subtizing A child can recognize the amount in a small set
37 visually (without counting).
predicting (science process skill) Guessing, deciding in advance what we think will
38 happen.
pre-operational stage Children begin to engage in symbolic play and learn
39 to manipulate symbols.
Principles of School Mathematics Principles are statements reflecting basic precepts
that are fundamental to a high-quality
40 mathematics education.
process skill Allow students to process new information through
41 concrete experiences.
42 rational counting Attaching a number name to each object counted.
reversibility The ability to remember what came before in
43 counting.

Name: Mariam Mohamed Almheiri.

ID: H00328114.
 1803 Vocabulary Terms

rote counting Reciting the names of the numerals in order from

44 memory.
45 scaffolding Support students to access a high level.
science process skill Science process skills are: Observation, Comparing,
Measuring, Ordering, Classifying, Communicating,
46 Inferring, Predicting, and Hypothesizing.
scientific method A method of research in which a problem is
identified, relevant data is gathered, a hypothesis is
formulated from this data, and the hypothesis
47 is empirically tested.
Sensory motor stage Children begin to learn about the world and use all
48 their senses.
Seriation Putting objects in a logical sequence; fat, thin /
49 long, short / dark, light.
social constructivism o Gives learners the opportunity for concrete,
contextually meaningful experience through which
they search for patterns, raise their own questions,
and construct their own models.
50
Sorting Arrange systematically in groups; separate
51 according to type.
spatial awareness Refers to a people recognition of their, or
52 an object, interacts with a space.
Standards for School Mathematics Standards are descriptions of what mathematics
53 instruction should enable students to know and do.
structured experience Is where the adult chooses the experience for the
54 child and gives some direction to the childs action.
student- directed inquiry Provides opportunities for learners to undertake
research, solve problems, communicate ideas, and
manage their workload and learning in a
55 personalized, authentic, meaningful context.
teachable moment An event or experience which presents a good
opportunity for learning something about a
56 particular aspect of life.
teacher- directed inquiry Teacher reflects on the purpose and makes plans
57 for inquiry learning.
testable question Is one that can be answered by designing and
58 conducting an experiment.
volume Common units used to express quantity include
liters, cubic meters, gallons, milliliters, teaspoons
59 and ounces. Many other units exist.
zone of proximal development Area between where the child is now operating
independently in mental development and where
she might go with assistance from an adult or more
60 mature child.

Name: Mariam Mohamed Almheiri.

ID: H00328114.