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  • Exercise 5

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    Alessandro Lama
    76 vizualizări6 pagini
    This document provides instructions for simulating heat transfer and natural convection flow patterns during the heating of a kettle of cold water using COMSOL. It describes setting up the simulation with a 2D rotational symmetry model, defining parameters and geometry, specifying materials, boundary and initial conditions including temperature, heat flux, pressure and gravity, generating the computational grid, running the time-dependent solution, and analyzing results by exporting an animation of the heating water temperature over time. Questions are also provided to consider aspects of the model setup and assumptions.

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    Exercise 5

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    This document provides instructions for simulating heat transfer and natural convection flow patterns during the heating of a kettle of cold water using COMSOL. It describes setting up the simulation with a 2D rotational symmetry model, defining parameters and geometry, specifying materials, boundary and initial conditions including temperature, heat flux, pressure and gravity, generating the computational grid, running the time-dependent solution, and analyzing results by exporting an animation of the heating water temperature over time. Questions are also provided to consider aspects of the model setup and assumptions.

    Drepturi de autor:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
    Indicator pentru conținut neadecvat
    76 vizualizări6 pagini

    Exercise 5

    Încărcat de

    Alessandro Lama
    This document provides instructions for simulating heat transfer and natural convection flow patterns during the heating of a kettle of cold water using COMSOL. It describes setting up the simulation with a 2D rotational symmetry model, defining parameters and geometry, specifying materials, boundary and initial conditions including temperature, heat flux, pressure and gravity, generating the computational grid, running the time-dependent solution, and analyzing results by exporting an animation of the heating water temperature over time. Questions are also provided to consider aspects of the model setup and assumptions.

    Drepturi de autor:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
    Indicator pentru conținut neadecvat
    din 6

    CFD Exercise 2

    Heat transfer problem with COMSOL


    Exercise
    A kettle filled with cold water is being heated. Calculate heat transfer
    and natural convection flow patterns during heating.

    Only main steps are here shown. Please refer to the previous exercise
    for more detailed info, or separate Comsol tutorial Free Convection in
    a Water Glass for details of similar set-ups.
    Setup of a simulation with COMSOL
    Steps to follow:

    Model wizard: 2D rotational symmetry, non-isothermal laminar flow,


    time-dependent solution
    Parameters input, you can either use Global definitions to give values
    to symbols, or insert parameter numerical values directly to the fields.
    Construction of the geometry. You can select rectangle with radius and
    height typical for a kettle.
    Selection of the materials. Right-click materials -> add material, select
    water and click add to a component. Built-in properties can be seen.
    Setup of a simulation with COMSOL
    Setup of boundary conditions and initial conditions. Set top boundary
    (surface) to slip wall. The others may remain as no-slip. Go to laminar
    flow, physical model and click Include gravity. Since the system is
    closed, pressure should be defined at some point. Select Physics
    toolbar, click Points and choose Pressure Point Constraint. Select one
    point, e.g. the upper right corner of the simulated region.
    Set temperature boundary condition for the bottom, e.g. 150 oC. Set
    Heat flux boundary condition for the outer wall. Select convective heat
    flux, external natural convection, wall height to the given kettle height.
    For top surface, set heat flux similarly but with appropriate geometry.
    Generation the computational grid. Select fine.
    Setup of a simulation with COMSOL
    Calculation of the solution. Go to Study 1, time dependent. Set Times
    to a range (0,0.5,200), i.e. 200 s of total simulation time with reports
    twice every second. Click Compute. The simulation will run for
    several minutes, so you can answer to some of the questions during
    solution.
    Analysis of the results. Add 2D plot group to results, re-name it to
    Temperature 2D. Right-click it and add Surface. Go to Expression, and
    click Replace expression (two small triangles next to the title)
    Select manually the color scales to remain from 293.15 to 423.15 K
    Go to Export, right-click Animation. Set 4 frames per second. Click
    Layout, and select Include Color legend (only). Export the movie in a
    suitable format to some suitable folder. Open the movie and follow
    heating of the water.
    Questions (set up the simulation and answer
    while it is running)
    What does non-isothermal laminar flow add to the model?
    How pressure in the fluid is specified?
    How gravity and buoyant force is taken into account? How does this
    term appear in the momentum balance equation (ACC, IN, OUT or
    GEN?)
    Why liquid surface is specified as slip wall?
    How heat transfer through the kettle wall was modeled? Why the
    selected approach was used, and could it be done differently?
    Is the surface boundary condition for heat flow realistic? What else
    should be considered?

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