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Analysis
There are several methods of analysis are available, including the use of
simplified moment coefficients, equivalent frame analysis, finite element
analysis, grillage analysis and yield-line methods. Equivalent frame
analysis will be used for this example.
Since the sub frame and the load cases are symmetrical about the
centerline, an analysis can be carried out for one half of the sub frame by
taking the stiffness of the central span as half the actual value.
Is= 5100x175/12 = 2.28x 109mm4, Ic=400x500/12 = 4.17x109mm4
Dc = 1.28/3.46 = 0.37
ANALYSIS
Case2 Maximum load (74.08 kN/m) at end spans and Minimum (44.55 kN/m) at interior span
Fixed end moments - 119.52 -33.42
119.52
(Row 5)x119.52 46.73 26.06 46.73 -5.02 11.52 -1.494 -5.02
(Row 6) x (119.52-33.41) -2.523 5.046 -2.523 32.12 12.314 9.558 32.12
(Sum to obtain final 44.207 -88.41 44.207 27.1 143.354 -25.346 27.1
moments
Case3 Minimum load (44.55 kN/m) at end spans and Maximum (74.08 kN/m) at interior span
Fixed end moments -71.87 71.87 -55.56
(Row 5)x71.87 28.10 15.668 28.10 -3.019 6.928 -0.898 -3.019
(Row 6) x (71.87-55.56) -0.478 0.956 -0.478 6.084 2.332 1.810 6.084
(Sum to obtain final 27.622 -55.25 27.622 3.065 81.13 -54.648 3.065
moments
The shear forces at the ends of the span and the maximum sagging moment can now be calculated from the following
expression, where the support moments ML and MR both take positive values for the end span,
Flexural design
Moments
Column strip:
Middle Strip
Column strip
Column strip
Column strip
Middle strip
Middle strip
Veff= 1.15x Vt
V= 1000 Veff/Ucd
Uc =2 x ( 400+500) = 1800mm
The calculation are made for the middle strip using the total moment at
mid-span and the average of the column and middle strip tension steel.
The basis span/d ratio is 26