Answers

Answers Apply 2.2

Apply 1.1 1 a abc b 4m c 5at d 8yz

1 a 3, 22 b 3,__22, 4.5, 21_12
__
5, 22, 4.5, 21_12
c 3, d 5
2 a 24, 23, 0, 2, 5 b 1.19, 1.2, 1.71, 2, 2.01
c 23.1, 22.45, 22.4, 1.8, 2.5
3 a Natural, integer, real b Irrational, real
c Natural, integer, real d Natural, integer, real
e Integer, real f Real
4 a True b False c True d True e True
5 5 1 3 , 9, or 5 , 3 1 9, or 3 , 5 1 9
6 a 4 4 2 is a natural number.
b 2 2 4 is an integer but not a natural number.
c 2 4 4 is a rational number but not an integer.
7 21, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
2 No, because 3ba is the same as 3ab.
3 a 8pq b 4cd c 3tz
d 2p e 6q f 6t
g a3 1 5a 1 4a h 6gh
4 Many possible answers, e.g. 2xy 1 4x 1 3xy 2 3x.
5 Many possible answers, e.g. 2pq 1 yz 2 pq 2 8yz.
6 Elena has added the 2s but the answer is 3a.
7 5c 2 2d, 25c 1 2d, 25c 1 2d so the first expression is
the odd one out.
8 2c 2 2 1 4c2, 2c 2 4c2 2 2, 4c2 2 2 1 2c so the second
expression is the odd one out.
9 2_12x 1 _18y 1 _78z
10 14ab and 1ba, 22a and 1a, 25a and 22a

Apply 1.2 Apply 2.3

1 a 17 or 19 b 16 c 20 d 18 1 a 13 b 29 c 2
2 Because it has factors of 3 and 5 in addition to 1 and 15. d 42 e 147 f 23

3 a True b False c False d True 2 a 0 b 26 c 125

e False f True g False d 240 e 19 f 22

4 a 6 b 36 3 a 29 b 212 c 13
d 20 e 17 f 3
5 11, 13, 17, 19
4 a (2 3 5 3 9) 2 (4 3 9) 5 90 2 36 5 54
6 a 3 1 61, 5 1 59, 11 1 53, 17 1 47, 23 1 41
b Many possible answers, e.g. ab 1 b.
b 5 1 31, 7 1 29, 13 1 23, 17 1 19
5 a (3 3 8) 1 (2 3 23) 5 24 1 26 5 18
7 7 Start 15 37 17 11 b c 5 64, d 5 9, 64 1 9 5 73 but 64 2 9 5 55,
19 21 8 16 21 49 so Katya thinks d 5 29.
9 1 23 81 33 64 6 Cara. y3 5 25 3 25 3 25 5 2125,
12 99 85 20 45 100 so 2y3 5 2 3 2125 5 2250
5 25 13 2 4 41 7 a _34 b _34 c _12 d 3_14
29 65 77 87 39 50
8 a (2 3 6) 1 1 5 13, which is prime.
3 19 36 31 Finish 6 b e. g. (2 3 10) 1 1 5 21 which is not prime because
21 5 3 3 7.

Apply 2.1 9 For example: p 5 1 and q 5 4. The rule is that q 5 4p.

1 a 9a b 6b c 4x d 2y Apply 2.4
e 3p f q g 2m h 6c
2 a 4a 1 6b b 8c 1 9d c 7p 1 4q 1 4 3 1.85 5 7.4 Answer 7.4km
d m 1 n e 2p 1 3q f 6x 2 (24 3 2.5) 1 6 5 66 Answer $66
g p 2 7q h 2m 1 5 3 (26 3 2) 1 30 5 82 Answer 82F
3 Many possible answers, e.g. 4a 1 2b 1 3b 1 4a. 4 42 1 (11 3 10) 5 152 Answer $152
4 Many possible answers, e.g. x 2 2y 1 2x 2 3y. 5 96000 4 300 5 320 Answer 320 people per km
5 Correct answer 4p 2 4q; 5p 2 p 5 4p (Tania has 6 C 5 (12 3 5) 1 18 5 78 Answer $78
forgotten that p means 1p).
7 F 5 (16 3 4) 1 (10 3 9) 5 154 Answer $154
6 5n 2 8p; Joe thought 4n had to be subtracted but it
8 V 5 22 3 11 5 242 Answer 242
is 14n, and that two minuses made a plus when he
combined 2 3p and 2 5p. 9 E 5 _123 5 3 8 3 8 5 160 Answer 160

1
 Answers

10 F 5 (9 3 35 4 5) 1 32 5 95 Answer 95F 6 18.8%

11 a 5 20 7 _49
12 f 5 12 p
8 a __
p
b __
4 4
Apply 3.1
Apply 3.3
1 a i 90cm ii 500cm2
b i 4.8m ii 1.44m2 1 a i 24m ii 27m2
c i 60mm ii 150mm2 b i 148cm ii 1175cm2
d i 40cm ii 90cm2 c i 176cm ii 912cm2
e i 230mm ii 3000mm2 d i 21.6m ii 30.72m2
f i 8.2m ii 3.6m2 e i 558mm ii 20250mm2
g i 8m ii 3.3m2 f i 16.1m ii 12.5m2
h i 224cm ii 2352cm2 2 a 56cm b 1092cm2
2 3 51600m2
Shape Length Width Perimeter Area 4 65.5cm2
Rectangle 9cm 7cm 32cm 63cm2 5 a 101cm b 402cm2
Square 8cm 8cm 32cm 64cm 2
6 487cm2 (to 3 s.f.)
Rectangle 7m 6m 26m 42m2
7 a 72p units b 324p square units
Square 10mm 10mm 40mm 100mm2
8 25 times
Rectangle 12cm 6cm 36cm 72cm2
34m 30m2
9 10%
Rectangle 15m 2m
10 a 42.7m (to 3 s.f.) b 58.9m2 (to 3 s.f.)
3 a Meera has used the perimeter, Jake has incorrect
units.
b 35m2 Apply 4.1
4 a 30m
1 27.3m3
b Area 5 8 3 7 5 56m2 needs 56 3 35 5 1960g so
2kg is enough 2 1800 litres
5 75% 3 720 litres
6 a 10% b _16 4 220 litres
7 Becky, since the height of both triangles is the same, 5 No. Ahmed has added the dimensions instead of
but the base of triangle ADC is half of the base of multiplying them.
triangle ABC. Sanjay has the correct value but the wrong units.
The units for volume are m3 not m2.
8 _14[Accept any correct explanation involving diagrams or
algebra, but not a numerical example.] 6 _16
7 41
Apply 3.2 8 a 7056 litres b 29.1%
1 a i 18.8cm ii 28.3cm2
b i 157mm ii 1960mm2 Apply 4.2
c i 22.0m ii 38.5m2
d i 151cm ii 1810cm2 1 a 675cm2 b 135000cm3
2 a 94.2cm b 707cm 2
2 210 litres
3 3 245m3
Coin Diameter Radius Circumference Area 4 a 38cm2 b 570cm3
Penny (1 cent) 19mm 9.5mm 59.7mm 284mm 2
c i 216000cm3 ii 378 prisms
Nickel (5 cents) 21.2mm 10.6mm 66.6mm 353mm2
5 Bar A (Bar A takes 135cm3 whereas bar B takes
Dime (10 cents) 17.9mm 8.94mm 56.2mm 251mm 2
140cm3)
Quarter (25 cents) 24.3mm 12.15mm 76.3mm 464mm2
6 7 times
4 795 full turns 7 50400cm3
5 150 turns 8 66.7%

2
 Answers

Apply 4.3 Apply 5.1

1 a 20400cm3 b 4.93m3 c 1520mm3 1 a 18, 22 b 0, 25

2 75.4 litres c 512, 2048 d 25, 36
e 2_12, 21 f 100000, 1000000
3 28200 litres
g 6.7, 6 h 15, 21
4 5 times
2 a 42 b 111
5 125.7cm3
c 27 d 410
6 9 cans e 45 f 2_14
7 __
1
36
g 32, 11 h 31.5
8 45.5% 3 a 1, 10, 19, 28, 37 b 1, 5, 25, 125, 625
c 13, 10, 7, 4, 1 d 2, 5, 11, 23, 47
Apply 4.4 e 53, 25, 11, 4, _12

1 a i b i c i 4 Dividing by 0.5 is the same as multiplying by 2.

There are many sequences, for example
10, 20, 40, 80, 160,
22.1, 24.2, 28.4, 216.8, 233.6,
_18, _14, _12, 1, 2,
5 a 8 1 13 5 21
(Other positions of the faces in these nets are possible.) b i 3, 5, 8 ii 6, 10, 16 iii 15, 25, 40
a i327cm2 b ii15.8cm2 c iii5.34m2 6 There are many sequences, for example
2 a, c, d and e 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 Rule 5 3 2
3 a 80 cm 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Rule 5 1 1
1, 2, 4, 7, 11 Rule 5 the differences increase by
this could be
50 cm drawn in 50 cm 1 each time; 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4
other positions 7 a Pattern 1 2 3 4 5

40 cm 40 cm 40 cm 40 cm 40 cm Number of
4 7 10 13 16
matches
50 cm 50 cm 50 cm b 13
50 cm 50 cm Each time you form a new diagram, you are adding
on 3 more matches.
80 cm
c 5, 9, 13, 17, 21
b 18 400 cm2 d 14
(Other positions of the top in this net are possible.) Each time you form a new diagram, you are adding
4 78p on 3 1 1 more matches.
5 a Tank A has volume 0.673m3 or 6730000cm3 8 a 1, 8, 27
and Tank B has volume 0.672m3 or 6720000cm3. b 64, 125
b Tank A. (Tank A has surface area 4.31m2 or c Cube 1 2 3 4 5
43100cm2 whereas Tank B has 4.88m2 or
Number
48800cm2) of squares
6 24 54 96 150

6 614m 3
d Because there are 10 3 10 squares on one
7 a 21.5% b 21.5% face 5 100 and 6 faces, so total 5 6 3 100 5 600.
8 a
Apply 5.2
15 cm
1 a 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 b 5, 10, 15, 20, 25
10 cm c 21, 1, 3, 5, 7 d 1_12, 2, 2_12, 3, 3_12
e _14, _25, _36, _47, _58 f 0, 2, 6, 12, 20
20 cm 2 a 2n 1 4 b 3n 2 1 c 7n 2 7 d 12 2 n
(Other positions of the faces in this net are possible.) e 22n 2 8 f _12n 1 6 g 2n 2 7 h 11n
b 1100cm2 3 a n2
c 644cm3 b i n2 1 2 ii _12n2

3
 Answers

4 2nd term 5 3 3 2 1 2 5 8 c Number of lines 5 18. Number of dots 5 19.

4th term 5 3 3 4 1 2 5 14 d i 3n ii 3n 1 1
6th term 5 3 3 6 1 2 5 20 e Number of lines 5 300. Number of dots 5 301.
She is not correct. 8 1 14 20 f 3n 1 3n 1 1 5 6n 1 1
5 a n 3 (n 1 1)
1 Apply 6.1
b __
n
n 1 a 2C b 2C c 21C
c ___
10 d 0C e 212C
d 2n
2 a 6 degrees b 2 degrees c 9 degrees
n
e _____ 3 a i Male ii Male
n11
b i Resolute ii Mt John
6 a 6(14 2 3)
c i 16 degrees ii 3 degrees iii 0 degrees
b 12(26 2 3)
c n(2(n 1 1) 2 3) 4 5 metres
d n(2n 2 1) 5 Jan 36 degrees
e 1 3 1, 2 3 3, 3 3 5, 4 3 7, 5 3 9 Feb 40 degrees
7 By equating the two expressions n 5 _38. Mar 36 degrees
This isnt possible as n must be a positive integer. April 34 degrees
May 32 degrees
8 a and b
June 31 degrees
n 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
July 33 degrees
Number of Aug 36 degrees
4 10 16 22 28
matches
Sept 37 degrees
6n 6 22 12 22 18 22 24 22 30 22
Oct 38 degrees
c Number of matches 5 6n 2 2 Nov 39 degrees
d 360 2 2 5 358 Dec 41 degrees
9 a Diagram (n) 1 2 3 4 5 6 2102 metres
Lines 6 11 16 21 26 7 a $70
b 41 b June and July
c 5n 1 1 c July and August
d 5n 1 1 5 201 n 5 40 8 15 metres
10 a 9 a 74 b 79
10 a 36 degrees
b 162 degrees
c 134 degrees
d 44 degrees

Apply 6.2
b Diagram (n) 1 2 3 4 5
1 a 18 b 12 c 22 d 28
Lines 4 8 12 16 20
2 a 23 b 13 c 211 d 111
Dots 1 2 3 4 5
3 a 1 b 22 c 14 d 235
c i 4n ii n e 50 f 18 g 30 h 32
d 35 e 200 f 4n 2 n 5 3n
4 a 2 and 4
11 a b 21 and 7
c Not possible
5 a
43
27 16

b Diagram (n) 1 2 3 4 10 17 1

Lines 3 6 9 12 1 11 6 7
Dots 4 7 10 13 4 3 8 2 5

4
 Answers

b 15 Apply 7.1
13 2
1 a 2.50pm b 8.25am c 12 noon
6 7 5 2 a 0725 b 1525 c 2130
2 4 3 8 3 a 130ml b 70ml
5 7 3 6 14 4 1 hour 30 minutes
5 a 044560 b $101.02
6 4 and 2
6 3h 27min
7 21 and 4, 22 and 3, 23 and 2
7 The 0909 train
8 a 15 b 213 c 1 d 15 8 The 1201 train
9 a 22 5 0 9 a $8.95 b $1.75
3 1 21
Apply 7.2
2 23 4

b There are several possible answers. 1 12 separate tracks will cost $9.48, a saving of $0.02
2 3 litres of oil for $4.25 is better value by a little more
than $0.03 per litre.
Apply 6.3
3 2175.92 Hong Kong dollars
1 a 18 b 230 c 140 d 24.5 4 58.56 Hong Kong dollars
e 27 f 29 g 15.5 h 11.75 5 1061.60 South African Rand
2 a 24 3 6 5 224 b 14 4 22 5 27 6 5.99 NZD 5 37.24 HKD and 32.50 ZAR 5 38.07 HKD.
c 224 3 22 5 48 d 28 4 7 5 4 The cheapest price is 37 HKD.
e 9 3 26 5 254 f 230 4 6 5 25
7 a 1 Hong Kong dollar 5 0.16 New Zealand dollar
g 210 3 20.5 5 5 h 13 4 22 5 26.5
b 1 South African Rand 5 1.17 Hong Kong dollar
3 a c 1 South African Rand 5 0.19 New Zealand dollar
64
8 Profit is $95
4 16
2 2 8 Apply 8.1
2 1 2 4
1 a 18.8 b 11.6 c 43.66 d 2.02 e 1.77
2 1 1 2 2 f 6.25 g 3.13 h 4.67 i 16.25 j 5.445
b 2 Pierre is correct. Antoinette did not line up the decimal
162
points.
6 27
3 $9.07
2 3 9
4 a 12.8 b 14 c 1.8 d 0.54 e 0.48
2 1 3 3 f 1.75 g 2.99 h 3.36 i 17.43 j 5.252
2 1 1 3 1 5 a 73.5 b 7.35 c 0.0735
d 0.0735 e 0.000735
4 2 3 26, 22 3 6, 3 3 24, 24 3 3, 21 3 12
6 a 0.6 b 16 c 30 d 2 e 11.1
There are several other answers.
f 0.7 g 7 h 3200 i 1.2 j 9.9
5 36 4 24, 236 4 4, 27 4 23, 227 4 3, 45 4 25
7 Charlie is correct. Aiden should have changed it to
6 A5 B4 C1 D2 E3 24 4 12 5 2, and Barbara should have written
7 a 215 b 28 c 10 d 3 240 4 12 5 20, which is Charlies answer.
e 32 f 44 g 2__ 3
10 h _19 8 $69.25
8 a 22 13 24.5 16.75 210.125 115.1875 9 $92.88
b Multiply by 21.5 10 3000 units
c 24 0.4 20.04 0.004 20.0004
d 23 30 2300 3000 230000 Apply 8.2
9 a 8 and 22
1 a _565 __
15
18 b _345 __
33
44 c _675 __
12
14 d _575 __
25
35
b 2 and 26
c 22 and 25 e _235 __
14
21 f _455 __
32
40 g __
7 __
42
115 66 h __
45 _5
725 8

10 a 45 b 254 c 4.5 d 23 i _345 __

45
60
j __
10 ___
120
125 144

5
 Answers

2 a _46, _69, __ b __
8 __ 12 __
c __
6 __ __ 9
10
15
16
10, 15, 20
12
, ,
16 24 32 Apply 8.4
3 a __
7 _ 3 __
b _4, __
, _2 c _5, ___
, _7
7 9 95
15, 5, 10 1 a _57 b _34 c __
3
d __
13
e __
5
10 15 12
7 14 3 9 144 8

4 a _56, __
11 _5 _1
18, 9, 2 b __
7 _ 2 __ 17 _ 3
12, 3, 24, 4 c ___
77 __ 11 ___ 77
140, 28, 280 f 1__
1
12 g __
17
21 h 1__
5
18 i 1__
1
12 j 1_14
2 a 3__ b 4__ c 4__ d 2__ e 1__
9 21 16 11 17
5 a _45. __6
10 b _23. _35 c _17, _29 20 22 63
12 21

d __
23 __
24
e __
14 __
15 f 4_16 g 4_38 h 5__
1
18 i 6__
8
35 j 7__
5
12
24, 25 13. 14
3 a __ b _38 c __ d __ e __
1 19 5 23
6 a Mathematics b Chemistry 10 30 18 42
f __
8
21 g __
5
14 h __
3
20 i __
1
24 j _18
7 He is not correct. _155 __6
30 _1 __ 5 _1
and 5 30, so is smaller
6 6
than _15. 4 a 2_14 b 1__
3
10 c 2__
5
21 d 3_14 e 3_16
1_34 2__ 2__ i __ 5__
8 9 23 1
f g 15 h 10 28 j 12
8 a __
7
12 b ___
127
144 c 2__
1
24
5 _562 _585 __
20 __
15 __ 5
242 245 24

Apply 8.3 6 2_561 1_375 3__

35 __
18 __
53 __
11 __
11
421 425 3425 3 1 1425 442

7 __
4

1 a i __
3
10 ii ___
23
100 iii ___
7
100 iv _45 16

v __
11
vi __
1
vii __
9
viii ___
3 8 __
1
14
25 50 25 200

ix _18 x _13 9 _12

b i 0.3 ii 0.23 iii 0.07 iv 0.8 10 1__
37
40
v 0.44 vi 0.02 vii 0.36 viii 0.015
.
ix 0.125 x 0.3
Apply 8.5
2 a i 70% ii 40% iii 13% iv 5%
v 0.1% vi 85% vii 12% viii 2.5% 1 a i 5_13 ii 1__
1
12 iii 1__
7
20 iv 2__
3
17 v 9__
1
12
.
ix 150% x 66.6% b i _52 ii _75 iii __
10
3 iv __
52
9 v ___
166
13
b i __
7
10 ii _25 iii ___
13
100 iv __1
20 2 a _18 b 10 c _54
v ____ 1
vi __17
20 vii __
3
25 viii __
1
40 d _87 e _23 f __
9
34
1000
_
1
ix 12 _
x 23
3 a 8 b 10 c 6 d 30
3 a i 0.25 ii 0.1 iii 0.6 iv 0.15 e 99 f 120g g $120 h 330 miles
.
v 0.07 vi 0.34 vii 0.375 viii 0.6 i 1792km j 255ml
ix 0.005 x 1.5
4 a _38 b _17 c __ d _29 e __
9 9
b i 25% ii 10% iii 60% iv 15% 20
16
. f _18 g __
5
h _16 i __
7
j 1_13
v 7% vi 34% vii 37.5% viii 66.6% 12 20
ix 0.5% x 150% 5 a 14 b 13_12 c 16_13 d 8_34 e 34
4 a 7% , _17 b 0.5 5 50% c __
1
25, 0.25 f _5 g 6__
5
h 18 i 1_8 j 19_12
6 12 9
d 20% 5 _15 e 0.4 . 4% f 0.6 , __
13 20 6 a __
3
32 b __
1
10 c _37 d __
5
21 e __
17
30
g __
16
50. 30% h 12_12% 5 _18
f 30 g 20 h 2_13 i 24 j 3_18
a _13 b __ c ___ d ___
8 169 53
5 11 330 225 7 a 1_14 b 2_12 c 1_15 d 2_13 e 2
6 a __
26
50 56% 0.57 f __
17
2__
14
1___
17
2_1 j _25
28 g 15 h 108 i 9
b 0.3 33% __4
11 8 16
c 3.67% __ 6
17 0.366 __
36
97 9 38
____
3
d 5000
_
1
%
__
1
0.006 60 10 $57
6
11 $144
7 a 41% 0.405 _25
12 500
b 0.5 _15 5%
c 79% __
23
30
__
18
25 0.709 Apply 8.6
__
1
d 25% 25
___
1
0.25%
250
1 a 18 b 3 c 3 d 13 e 5_12
8 No. _135 33_13%

f 22 g 24 h 6 i 30 j 4_12
9 81_23%

2 a 19 2 (9 2 2) 5 12 b (10 2 3) 3 4 5 28
10 a ___ b __ c ____
51 29 341
100 80 1000 c (36 1 4) 4 8 5 5 d 21 4 (5 1 2) 1 4 5 7

6
 Answers

e 45 4 (2 1 3) 5 9 f (20 2 2) 3 (3 1 2) 5 90 Apply 9.2

g 5 3 5 2 (3 21) 5 23 h 5 3 (5 2 3) 2 1 5 9
2 3 (3 1 5) 3 2 (4 4 2) 1 a B A
i ___________
5 4
j ___________
51
521 44221 b B C 5
2 a A C 5 {4, 16}
3 5 2 3 2 (3 1 1) 5 22 and 5 2 3 2 3 1 1 5 0. She is
b B C 5 {3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 15, 16, 20}
not correct. When the bracket is taken away the plus
c n{A B C D}9 5 12
sign inside the bracket becomes a minus.
3 a True b False c False d True
4 She is not correct. The multiplication has to be done
4
before the subtraction to give 36 2 10 5 26.
Fiction Paperback
5 a 3 b 6 c 3
6 a 375 b 5.6666 c 8 d 23
19 23
e 24 f 2 g 4.36 h 8.5 29
j 12_14 k 1__ l 2__
9 7
i 0.02 16

16

m 2__
13
18 n _58 o __
25
64
21
7 a 2 b 80 c 24029 d 106
e 25 f 21 g 871 h 1323 5
i 14119 j 827
Girls Glasses
8 a 950 b 532 c 268 d 337.24
e 97.24 f 5 g 2 h 24.5
13 7
i 1.8 j 278.8 4

Apply 9.1 12

1 a A 5 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
6 a iv b ii c i d iii
b B 5 {1, 2, 5, 10}
c C 5 {4, 8, 12, 16, 20}
Apply 10.1
2 a A 5 {1, 3, 5, 15}
b B 5 {3, 5, 7, 11, 13} 1 a 3x 2 6 b 4 1 8y c 6t 1 2
c % 5 {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15} d 8b 2 4c e 23d 2 6 f 26 1 8k
g 3x 2 2 h 22v 1 1
3 A and B
2 Gavin did not multiply 21 by 3; it should be 15x 2 3.
3 2(3y 2 4)
A B
4 a x2 1 2x b 5y 2 y2 c 2t2 1 6t
a g d 6q 2 9q2 e 10b2 1 5b f c3 2 4c
f d g 8m2 1 m3 h 5xy 2 xyz
e
b c 5 a 7p 1 11 b 2t 1 1 c 9
d 5p 1 14 e q 2 6 f 7 2 5n
g 5x2 1 3x h 3yz 1 5y

4 6 a i 4a 2 1 ii 3a 1 8 iii 29 2 12a
b P 1 Q 5 2a 2 7 1 3 1 a 5 3a 2 4,
A B P 1 Q 1 S 5 3a 2 4 1 4 2 3a 5 0
1 c R 1 S 2 P
3
2 9 7 5(2x 1 1) 1 y 2 5 5 10x 1 y
6
4 10
5 Apply 10.2
7 8
1 a 2(p 1 3) b 3(q 2 3)
5 a A 5 {b, e, a, c, h} c 4(3 2 x) d m(m 2 3)
b B 5 {f, a, c, e, d} e n(1 1 n) f a(3a 1 5)
c C 5 {b, a, d, g, e} g 2cd(2c 2 3) h 2e(2df 1 4e 2 d)
d 5 {a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i} 2 There is no factor common to 4 and 7.

7
 Answers

3 a 4(p 1 3) 3(p 2 3) p(p 1 3) 2 a x 5 0 b z 5 17 c p 5 26

Odd one out is 3p 2 9
b 2(1 2 2y2) 3y(1 2 2y) 5(1 2 2y)
Odd one out is 2 2 4y2
c 2(3p2 1 4q2) 2(3p 1 4q) p(3p 1 4q)
Odd one out is 6p2 1 8q2
4 Expression Factors
6x 2 8y 2(4x 2 3y)
6x 1 8y 2(3x 2 4y)
8x 1 6y 2(3y 2 4x)
8x 2 6y 2(3x 1 4y)
6y 2 8x 2(4x 1 3y)
5 a True
b True
c False (e.g. 19 is prime)
6 a For example: 10 1 11 1 12 5 33 5 3 3 11
b x 1 (x 1 1) 1 (x 1 2) 5 3x 1 3 5 3(x 1 1)
d q 5 3.3 e t 5 21.2
3 a x 5 30 b y 5 233 c p 5 3
d q 5 22.4 e t 5 20
4 a p 5 5 b q 5 24 c x 5 35
d y 5 1.5 e a 5 2.75 f b 5 21
g c 5 3 h d 5 0.4
5 a x 5 40 b x 5 14 c y 5 25
d p 5 218 e q 5 10.5 f t 5 24
6 2x 1 5 5 21; x 5 8
7 5y 2 8 5 47; y 5 11
Apply 10.6
1 a x 5 7 b y 5 4 c p 5 5
d q 5 3.5 e t 5 2 f a 5 21
g c 5 0.6 h m 5 3

2 Ella has worked out 7x 2 2x instead of 7x 1 2x.

Apply 10.3
3 Tomas has worked out 4y 2 y instead of 4y 1 y,
1 a 2x pencils b (x 1 5) pencils and 3 1 2 instead of 3 2 2.
2 a $(a 2 12) b $3 (a 2 12) 4 13
c $3(a 2 12) 1 8
5 7
3 (5x 1 2y) cents
4 $(5p 2 12) Apply 10.7
5 a (k 1 4) years b (2k 1 4) years
1 a x 5 7 b y 5 11 c z 5 8
6 a x 1 4 b 5x c 2x 2 1 d a 5 24 e b 5 1_12 f c 5 1_12
d 3(x 1 2) e x2 2 7
g d 5 _34 h e 5 2_1
4

Apply 10.4 2 a k 5 _12 b m 5 4 c n 5 211

d p 5 210 e q 5 2 f t 5 4
1 p 5 A 2 q g x 5 2_14 h y 5 2
2 y 5 x 1 2 3 2(x 1 5) 5 42; x 5 16
M 2 20 4 3(y 2 7) 5 51; y 5 24
3 k 5 _______


3
5 2(2n 1 3) 5 3(n 1 4); n 5 6
4 q 5 y 2 2p 2 2t
6 4(m 1 1) 5 2(m 2 1) 1 2(2m 2 5); m 5 8
N 1 10
5 C 5 _______

5
Apply 10.8
62x
6 y 5 _____


4 1 a a 5 3 b c 5 2 c d 5 7.5
v2u d k 5 30 e m 5 210 f n 5 9
7 a 5 _____


t g p 5 5 h q 5 6.5
c 2 25 2 Peters answer is correct; Sean worked out 5(2y 1 3) as
8 a y 5 ______

b 3 hours
9 10y 1 3
V
9 a b 5 __
b 6cm 3 a a 5 21 b y 5 16 c p 5 7
lh
d q 5 19 e t 5 3 f k 5 5

Apply 10.5

Note: where the answer is not an integer, fraction or decimal

equivalents are equally valid.
1 a x 5 3.5 b y 5 2 c p 5 211
d q 5 2.5 e t 5 3.6

8
 Answers

Apply 11.1 4 a, b and c

y
1 a, b and c 7
R
x2 6
y
5
7 S K Q
6 4
R 3 y3
5
N L
4 2
P
3 1
B C
2
1 0 1 2 3M 4 5 6 7 x
1 1
P Q
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
1 5 a, b, c and d
2 y
A
3 8
4 7
5 6
6 5
D1 D2
7 4
3
C2 C1
2 a, b and c 2
x1 B1 1 B2
A1 A2
y
7 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
1
6
2 y 2
5
T A 3
4 B
4
3 A
5
2
6
1 y1 C
7
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x D 8
1
2
B C 6 a, b and c
3
y x yx
4 y
R
5 7
6 6
Q
7 5
Q1
4
3 x4 3
y 2
P
7 1
A W R2 P1 R1
6
5
X B 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
P2 1
4 2
D Z
3 3
2 Q2 4
1 5
Y C
6
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x 7
1

9
 Answers

7 x 2 Apply 11.2
y
8
1 a, b and c
7
A P y
6
5
5 B
4
4 C
3
3 S
B Q 2
2
Image 1
1 A
D S
5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x 1
1
2
C 2 R T R
3 3
4 4
5 5
6
7 2 a, b and c
8 y
7
8 a and b 6
yx 5
y
4 B
8 S R
3
7
C C 2
6
1
5 P Q
Q R
4 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
3 1
A B A
2 2
Image
1 3
4
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x 5
1
6
2
7
3
P
4
5 3 a and b
6 y
7 8
8 7
B
6
N
5
4 T
3
M
2
A
1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x

10
 Answers

4 a and b 7 a Rotation 90 anticlockwise (or 270 clockwise)

y about (0, 0)
7 b Rotation 90 clockwise (or 270 anticlockwise)
6 about (0, 0)
B
5 F c Rotation 180 clockwise (or anticlockwise) about
4 (0, 0)
3 d Rotation 90 clockwise (or 270 anticlockwise)
2 about (0, 0)
A
1 e Rotation 180 clockwise (or anticlockwise) about
(1, 5)
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x f Rotation 90 clockwise (or 270 anticlockwise)
1
about (2, 3)
g Rotation 90 anticlockwise (or 270 clockwise)
5 a, b and c about (22, 2)
y
B1 h Rotation 180 clockwise (or anticlockwise) about
7
(24, 25)
6
i Rotation 180 clockwise (or anticlockwise) about
5
(0, 2)
4
C j Rotation 90 clockwise (or 270 anticlockwise)
3
A1 B about (21, 4)
2
C1 k Rotation 90 clockwise (or 270 anticlockwise)
1
A about (2, 2)
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x l Rotation 90 anticlockwise (or 270 clockwise)
1
C2 about (0, 0)
2
A2 8 a Rotation 90 clockwise (or 270 anticlockwise)
3
about (5, 2)
4
b Rotation 180 clockwise (or anticlockwise) about
5
(5, 4)
6
c Rotation 90 anticlockwise (or 270 clockwise)
7
B2 about (5, 6)
d Rotation 90 anticlockwise (or 270 clockwise)
d Rotation of 180 clockwise (or anticlockwise) about
about (5, 2)
(23, 0).
e Rotation 90 clockwise (or 270 anticlockwise)
6 a, b and c about (5, 6)
y f Rotation 180 clockwise (or anticlockwise) about
8 (5, 4)
7
6
5
D C L K
4
3
2
1
A B M N S
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
1
2
3
4 P
5
6 O R
7
8

d Rotation of 90 clockwise about (24, 24)

e Rotation of 90 anticlockwise about (24, 24)

11
 Answers

Apply 11.3 5 a and b i

y
1 a and b 5
A
y 4
7 3
6 B P
2
5
A 1
4 Q
3 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x
T 1
2 C
2
1
3
R
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x 4
1
2 5
3
B
4 b ii
22 ( )
6
iiiQ(1, 0), R(5, 23)
5
6 6 a, b and c
y
7
7
6
2 a i and b i S
5
y 4
7
3
6
B 2
5
A 1
4
3 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
1
2 R
2
1
3
Q
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x 4
1
F 5
2
6
3
7
4
5
6
8
d Translation by

9 ( )
7

Apply 12.1

a ii Translation by the vector 28

26 ( ) 1 a 9 b 125 c 1.44 d 0.027
4
b ii Translation by the vector
27
( ) e __
1
10 f _12 g 0.9 h 40
2 1, 9, 25, 49
3
3 a ( )

2 ( )
b
23

2 ( )
6
c

0 3 1, 64, 729
0
d ( )

3 ( )
e 6

23 ( )

23
f
22 4 a 55 b 200 c 52 d 4
e 6 f 24 g 0.4 h 4.5

a ( ) )
3)
4 7 b (
27 c (
27
i 9.9 j 29
23 2
5 1; 3 ends in 9, 4 ends in 6, 5 ends in 5, 6 ends in 6,
7
d ( )
e ( f ( 9)
22 )
29
6 26 7 ends in 9, 8 ends in 4, 9 ends in 1; 2, 3, 7 and 8

g ( 2)
h (
27 )
25 6 4x2 5 4 3 32 5 36; (4x)2 5 (4 3 3)2 5 144
24
These do not give the same answer.
4x2 means 4 lots of x2, but (4x)2 means 4x times 4x.
7 a 5 and 6 b 10 and 11
c 20 and 21 d 2 and 3
e 4 and 5 f 12 and 13

12
 Answers

___ 3 ___
8 0.43; 0.42; 0.4;
0.4; 0.4
5 a 1.08 3 108 b 4.8 3 1021
__ ___ _______
9 Yes it does,____
e.g. 165
93 9 3 16
; c 1.156 3 1023 d 1 3 1024
3 3 4 5 1445 12
6 a 4.32 3 1026m2 b 1.56 3 1022m
__ __ ___
In general x3
y5
xy 7 1.08 3 1021m3
10 Adanna is right. The sequence of squares is always an 8 a 1.5 3 1011 nanoseconds
odd number followed by an even number: odd, even, b 13_13minutes
odd, even, . So we are always adding an odd and an
9 600 slices
even number, which always gives an odd number.
10 a 9.4608 3 1012km b 2.83824 3 1013km
Apply 12.2 11 a 3.995 3 105 b 399500

1 a 49 b 128 c 64 d 264 Apply 13.1

e 1000 f 1 g _19 h 3
1 a 42 b __
5
i _18 j 9900 14

2 a 29 5 512 b 86 5 262144 2 Male Female

c 623 5 ___1
216 d 70 5 1 Wear glasses 6 6

e 10 21
5 0.1 or __1
10 f 21 5 441 2 No glasses 9 11

g 51 5 5 h 108 5 100000000
3 Male Female
i 322 5 _19 j 422 5 __1
16
Already ordered 7 11
1
3 a c6 b 1 c 15p11 d __6 Still to order 19 8
r
t2
e 81y8 f q5 g ___ h 45x10 4 a 6
36
i 8y 9
j 10 7 b 7 (6 males and 1 other female)
2x4
4 a x5y2 b 12x5y6 c ___
y2 Apply 13.2
d 1 e 6x3y5
5 a __
1
b 25 c 64 d 11_19 e 1 1 a 6
11
b Kira and Gus received 16 (the same as Ahmed)
d12 3 1
6 a _15y b ___ c 1_15x6 d ___2 e ____
c Rio and Ahmed received 26.
8 8z 10y
2 a __
16
305 53.3% (to 1 decimal place)
7 a 3 b 5 c 10 d 24 e 11
b
8 a 25 b 3 c 0 d 6 e 4 1 hour
9 a 9 b 2 c 21 d 3 e 2
2 hours
10 m 5 5, n 5 4, or vice versa
11 a 5 4, b 5 3
3 hours
12 n 5 2y 1 10
4 hours
Apply 12.3

1 a 7 3 104 b 6.5 3 102 3 30

c 1.72 3 107 d 2.3724 3 103 25
Number of stalls

e 1.81856 3 105 f 6 3 1021 20

g 7 3 1024 h 1.0101 3 1022 15
i 5.7 3 1028 j 2.02 3 1027
10
2 a 50 b 90000 5
c 1500000 d 3142
0
e 919090000 f 0.07 clothes food jewellery
g 0.8 h 0.000127 Type of stall
i 0.007213 j 0.0000002111
3 a 4000000000 b $4.29 3 1010
4 a 800000 b 20
c 4200 d 3800

13
 Answers

4 7 b The mean as it takes all heights into account.

6 c The mode, as it is the only average that can be used
Number of people

with qualitative data.

5
d The median, as it shows who is in the top half.
4
2 a 80.03 (to 2 d.p.)
3
b 80
2 c 80
1 d It is accurate, as all three averages were 80 or
0 slightly more.
tea coffee water orange pineapple 3 a The mean
juice juice
Type of drink b The mode
c The median
Apply 13.3 d The median is best. The mean is affected by the few
very high salaries, and the mode is the lowest salary
1 and so not truly representative of all the data.
Red
4 a Winston and Luke (23)
Natural wood
b Luke and Rob (33)
White c Winston and Rob (42.7 to 1 decimal place)
Brown
d Luke and Steve (52)
5 a The mean will increase by 0.3, the range will
increase by 3
2 24 b The median is not affected by changing the largest
3 6 number
4 a Negative b No correlation c Positive c The mode could be affected if the largest number
was also the mode.
5 a 14000
12000
Apply 14.1
10000
1 Shape A i 2 ii 2
Value ($)

8000
Shape B i 5 ii 5
6000
Shape C i 0 ii 2
4000
Shape D i 6 ii 6
2000 Shape E i 1 ii 0
0 2 a H, I, N, S, X, Z
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Age (years) b
b Strong negative correlation
6 a 60
3 a No entry 2, One way 1, Priority road 4,
55 Roundabout 0, Sharp left curve 0, Intersection 4,
Give way 3, No stopping 4, Tunnel 1, No waiting 2
History test

50
45 b No entry 2, Priority road 4, Roundabout 3,
40
Intersection 4, Give way 3, No stopping 4,
No waiting 2
35
4 a i 2 ii 2 b i 3 ii 3
30
20 30 40 50 60 70 c i 0 ii 5 d i 2 ii 2
Maths test e i 2 ii 2 f i 2 ii 2
b Positive correlation g i 4 ii 4 h i 0 ii 4
c Line of best fit i i 4 ii 4 j i 2 ii 2
d 43 5 i ii iii
Apply 13.4

1 a The mode, as it is not influenced by an individual

with very large or very small feet, and will give a
result that is an actual shoe size.

14
 Answers

b Shape ii has rotational symmetry of order 4. c 90

Shape iii has rotational symmetry of order 2. d Triangle QRS is an isosceles triangle.
6 a i ii 4 a a 5 53, b 5 90, c 5 37, d 5 39, e 5 90, f 5 51
b 27
5 a i kite e.g. A

B D
iii

C
ii 1
iii Any pair of equal angles
b Grid ii has rotational symmetry of order 4.
e.g. angle ABC 5 angle ADC
Grid iii has rotational symmetry of order 2.
b i rhombus e.g. P
7 Examples are given below 2 other solutions are
possible.
a i ii Q S

b order 2 order 4 R
ii 2
8 a i 4 ii 0 b i 2 ii 2 iii Any pair of equal angles
c i 3 ii 0 d i 0 ii 0 e.g. angle QPS 5 angle QRS
9 Examples are given below 2 other solutions are
possible. Apply 14.3
a b c
1 a 3 b 4
2 Cube i 9 ii 4
Cylinder i an infinite number ii an infinite number
3 a 2 b 2
10 a c
4 a 6 b 7
5 a an infinite number b an infinite number
O O 6 Examples are given below, but other solutions are
possible for a and c.

b none a b c

Apply 14.2

1 a scalene
b i isosceles ii equilateral

Apply 15.1

2 a i square ii kite iii parallelogram
b
Rectangle
3 a i PS ii QR
b i angle PQS ii angle PQR
1 a x 1 2y 1 48 5 180 or x 1 2y 5 132 b y 5 46
2 a a 1 b 1 220 5 360 or a 1 b 5 140 b a 5 35
3 p 5 96 (alternate angles are equal);
q 5 96 (corresponding angles are equal);
r 5 62 (alternate angles are equal);
s 5 118 (interior angles add up to 180);
Rhombus t 5 118 (corresponding angles are equal);
u 5 45 (angles on a straight line add up to 180);
v 5 45 (alternate angles are equal);

15
 Answers

w 5 135 (interior angles add up to 180); Angle AED 5 120 (interior angles add up to 180)
x 5 135 (corresponding angles are equal) Angle CDE 5 120 (interior angles add up to 180)
Note: Alternative reasons are possible. Note: Alternative reasons are possible, e.g. opposite
4 a 5 128 (angles on a straight line add up to 180), angles of a parallelogram are equal
obtuse 5 a A is a rhombus b B is a kite
b 5 47 (alternate angles are equal), acute c C is a parallelogram d D is a square
c 5 313 (angles at a point add up to 360), reflex 6 Angle BAD 5 94
d 5 52 (alternate angles are equal), acute
7
e 5 81 (angles on a straight line add up to 180), acute 80 140
f 5 50 (interior angles add up to 180), acute 80 80
110 110 60 160 60
g 5 130 (internal angles add up to 180), obtuse
h 5 130 (corresponding angles are equal), obtuse
i 5 50 (interior angles add up to 180), acute 60 60 80
j 5 310 (angles at a point add up to 360), reflex
k 5 117 (angles at a point add up to 360, interior 8 Angle DEC 5 150
angles add up to 180), obtuse
l 5 62 (interior angles add up to 180; angles on a Apply 15.3
straight line add up to 180), acute
Note: Alternative reasons are possible. 1 a B, G, J b D, F, H, K
5 x 5 50, y 5 20, z 5 35 2 a AAS b AAS c RHS
(Note: Other reasons are possible.)
Apply 15.2 3 a p 5 2.6cm, q 5 8.6cm, r 5 72
b s 5 128, t 5 60, u 5 30cm, v 5 56cm
1 a i 20 ii Angle CAB c w 5 6.5cm, x 5 2.1cm, y 5 119, z 5 18
b i 35 ii Angle PQR and angle QRS
4 a i Angle ACB 5 90 (vertically opposite angles)
2 a 5 68 (angles on a straight line add up to 180); ii Angle ABC 5 55 (angle sum of triangle ABC)
b 5 68 (equal angles of isosceles triangle); iii Angle DEC 5 35 (alternate angles, since AB is
c 5 44 (angle sum of triangle); parallel to DE)
d 5 44 (alternate angles); iv Angle CDE 5 55 (alternate angles, since AB is
e 5 68 (alternate angles); parallel to DE)
v 5 90 (vertically opposite angles are equal); Note: Alternative reasons are possible.
w 5 52 (alternate angles are equal); b CE 5 12cm, DE 5 15cm
x 5 128 (angles on a straight line add up to 180); 5 a Triangle PQR and triangle PST are similar
y 5 69 (angle sum of quadrilateral); b 54cm
z 5 38 (angle sum of triangle); c 810cm2
p 5 70 (angle sum of quadrilateral);
6 a i 24cm ii 60cm
q 5 41 (angles on a straight line add up to 180);
b i 324cm2 ii 216cm2 iii 1350cm2
r 5 49 (angle sum of triangle)
Note: Alternative reasons are possible. 7 a i 4:9 ii 8:27
b i 49:16 ii 343:64
3 a Angle ACB 5 67 (equal angles of isosceles
triangle); angle BAC 5 46 (angle sum of triangle) 8 a Corresponding sides are not in the same ratio:
b The other angles are equal (since there can be only length of A:length of C 5 3:4, but width of
one obtuse angle in the triangle), each angle 5 A:width of C 5 2:3
(180 2 116) 4 2 5 32 b Size F
c i 133cm
4 a Equilateral
ii Area of size A:area of enlargement 5 9:16
b i Parallelogram ii Isosceles trapezium
c All angles of triangle BCD are 60 (equal and add up 9 a 180cm2 b 1280cm3
to 180) 10 a 25cm b 176cm2
Angle ABD 5 120 (angles on a straight line add up
to 180) Apply 16.1
Angle EAB 5 60 (corresponding angles, since AE is
1 a __ b __ c __ d __ e __
9 6 2 9 1
parallel to BD) 20 25 25 40 30
Angle BDE 5 60 (alternate angles, since DE is 2 a 0.48 b 0.6 c 0.07
parallel to AC) d 0.355 e 0.375

16
 Answers

3 a $18 b $368.50 c $2.43 Apply 17.1

d $0.48 e $3.15
4 84 questions 1 a, b, c and d
y
5 $7200 8
6 a, g $10.80 b, l $3.60 c, j $15 7
d, f $27 e, h $6.60 i, k $8 6 A
7 d $8.12, a $8.40, e $8.45, c $8.60, f $9.50, 5
b $9.75 4
B 3 K
8 127 left-handed students
2
9 43 goals
1

Apply 16.2 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
1 C
1 a 40% b 45% c 20% d 40% 2
2 a 45.5% b 30.4% c 13.3% d 90.5% 3
3 a 44% b 36% c 20% 4
5
4 a 21.8% b 56.4%
6
5 a 52.5% b 29.5% c 38.5%
7
d 32.6% e 45.4%
8
6 a 19.6% b 16.1% c 39.3%
7 a 10% b 8.2% c 8.9% 2 a, b i and c i
8 a 60% b 40% c 28% d 24% y
C1
8
Apply 16.3 7
C2
6
1 $240 5
2 280 cups B1
4
3 26 fish Q B2
3
4 15% loss C 2
5 20% profit 1 B
6 a 11.1% b 6.0% c 11.9% d 50cm
7 $2450 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
1
8 $138
2A A
2
9 a i A by $12 ii A by $4 3
iii B by $20 iv B by $60 4
b $2500 5
10 19% 6
7
8 A
1

b ii 1:16
c ii 1:4

17
 Answers

3 a i and b i 4 a and b
y y
P Q2 Q
8 10
P2
7 9
R2 R
6 8
S S2
5
7
4
6
3 P1 Q1 S
A 5
2
4
1 R1
T B 3
S1
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x 2
1
1
2
3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
4
5 c Translation by vector 0


5 ( )
6
5 a, b and c
a ii Area of A 5 _14of area of S y
4
b ii Area of B 5 _19of area of T
3

2
A

1
C

4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x

3
B

d i 2:4:1 ii 4:16:1

18
 Answers

6 a, b and c 8 a, b and c
y y
8 8
C1 D1
7 7
Q2 P2 A B
6 6
5 5
S
4 4
T R D C
3 3
R2 T2 B1 A1
2 2
P Q
S2 1 1
C2 D2
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
1 1
Q1 P1
2 2
3 3
4 4
R1
5 T1 5
6 6
B2 A2
7 7
8 S1 8

d Translation by vector 28 ( )

8
b Enlargement, centre (0, 5), scale factor 22
c Enlargement, centre (22, 3), scale factor 23
7 a and b d i 4:9
y
A X
8
Apply 17.2
7
6 1 y
B C
5 8
4 7
A1 B1 P1
3 6
2 5
R Y 4
1 P
3
A B Q1
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x 2
R1
1 Z 1 Q
M D1 D R
2 C C1 K K1
S N L 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
3 Q 1 N L
N1
K 4 2 L1
5 3
6 4 M
7 5
P
8 6
7
a Enlargement, centre (22, 8), scale factor 3 8 M1
b Enlargement, centre (23, 23), scale factor _14

19
 Answers

2 a and b 4 a i and b i
y y
10 8
P2 Q2 7
9
8 6
S
5
7
4
6
P Q P1 Q1 3
5 A
2
4
y3 1
3
R R2 R1
2 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
1
1
2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x T
3
B
4
c i 1:3 ii 1:3 5
3 a and b 6
x4 7
y
8 8
A1 A
7
6 a ii Area of A 5 _12of area of S
B1 B D D1
5 b ii Area of B 5 _13of area of T
4
3 5 a i, ii and b
C1 C
2 y
1 8

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x C1 B1
1 6
K K1
2
3 4
L1
4 L M M1
C B
5 2
6
7 O O1 A A1
8 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 x
S R
P 2 Q
S1 R1

P1 6 Q
1

c i 1:6 ii 1:6
6 a Scale factor 2, y-axis invariant
b Scale factor 2, x-axis invariant
c Scale factor 4, x 5 28 invariant
d Scale factor _12, y 5 1 invariant

20
 Answers

Apply 17.3 3 a and b

x1
y
1 a
10
y
8 9
C C1 C1
7 8
6 7
5
A B A1 B1 6
4 B1 C2
S R S1 R1 5 C
3
2
4
A1 A2
1 3
P Q P1 Q1 A
2 y2
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x B B2
1 1
N1 M1 N M
2
3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
4
4 a and b
K1 L1 5
K L x 2
6 y
A1 P Q
7 8
8 7
D1 R
6
b All 1:1 A
5
B
S
2 a and b 4
y 3
C1 K1 D C
8 2
D1
7 1
6
5 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
R B1 1 B1 P1
4 2
A1 D M1
3 3
A C K L C1 S1 Q1
2 4
Q
1 5
P Q1 B
6
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
R 1 7 L
1 1
2 8
M R1
3
4 5 a Invariant line y 5 5, point (24, 4) maps onto
P1 5 (23, 4) (Note: use of other points is possible)
6 b Invariant line x 5 0 or y-axis, point (23, 1) maps
7 onto (23, 22)
8 c Invariant line y 5 28, point (28, 24) maps onto
(22, 24)
d Invariant line y 5 0 or x-axis, point (1, 2) maps onto
(3, 2)
e Invariant line x 5 3, point (4, 28) maps onto (4, 25)

Apply 17.4

1 a Enlargement, centre (0, 0), scale factor _12

b Reflection in y 5 6
c Rotation of 90 clockwise about (6, 5)
d Shear, invariant line x 5 26 in which (28, 0) maps
onto (28, 2)
e One-way stretch, scale factor 3, invariant line y 5 21
f Rotation of 180 clockwise or anticlockwise about
(27, 24)

21
 Answers

g Reflection in the y-axis or x 5 0 6 a y

h Translation
21 ( )
5
7
6
i Enlargement, centre (6, 23), scale factor 2 5
Q
4
2 a Translation 29


2 ( ) 3
b Rotation of 90 anticlockwise about (0, 0) 2
c Reflection in the x-axis or y 5 0 1
d Enlargement, centre (0, 0), scale factor 22
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
e Shear, invariant x-axis or y 5 0 with (2, 1) mapping 1
onto (4, 1) (or alternative point and image) 2
5
f Translation
28 ( ) MR(Q)
3
4
R(Q)
g Rotation of 180 clockwise or anticlockwise about 5
(6, 4) 6
h One-way stretch, scale factor _12, y-axis or x 5 0 7
invariant
2
i Translation

3 ( ) b Reflection in y 5 2x
j Rotation of 90 clockwise about (22, 21)
y Apply 18.1
3
8
1 _34
7
6 2 __
4
11
5
A B
3 a 24 b __
1
10
4
4 0.15
3
2 5 a _16 b 0 c _12 d _12 e _16
1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x Apply 18.2

Translation 6
( )

0
1 a _16

Reflection in x 5 5 b i __
2
15 ii __
3
20 iii __3
20 iv __
13
75
Rotation of 180 clockwise or anticlockwise about (5, 4) c __
13 _1
755 0.173 (to 3 d.p.); 65 0.167 (to 3 d.p.).
Enlargement, centre (5, 4), scale factor 21 The difference is only 0.006, so the theoretical and
4 a Reflection in x 5 4 (or BC) experimental probabilities are very close. The dice
6
b Translation
24 ( ) is fair.
2 5 yellow, 3 green, 3 red, 2 blue
c Enlargement, centre (1, 8) (or A), scale factor 3
d Rotation of 180 clockwise or anticlockwise about 3 a Rita, because she had the most trials
(2.5, 7) b i ___35
235 __7
5 47 ii ___64
434 ___
32
5 217

5 a x3 x6 4 There are approximately 1.5 times as many 2s, 4s and

y
6s than 1s, 3s and 5s
8
7 5 _58
6 NM(T)
T M(T)
5 Apply 18.3
4
3 1 a i __
36
5

ii __ 1
18
iii _12
iv __ 5
12

2 b 5
1
2 a _16 b _29 c _12
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x 3 a _17 b __
11
c _57
21

b Translation 6


0 ( ) 4 __
7
15

22
 Answers

5 a 100 metres 1500 metres Outcome Probability 11 a 100000cm3 b 312.5cm3

1 5 c 2.2cm
3 Jonathan JJ 8 13 5
24
Jonathan wins 12 a 1791 litres b 9 minutes 57 seconds
5
8 wins 2 5 2 10 13 a 180 b 28%
3 Will wins JW 8
3 24

3
1
3 Jonathan WJ 3
8 13 3
24 Apply 20.1
8
Will wins wins
2 3 1 a 8:1 b 3:4 c 3:4
3 Will wins WW 8 23 6
24
d 5:14 e 1:5
b __
13
24 2 a 1:3 b 5:1 c 1:20
d 3:10 e 7:1 f 6:7
Apply 19.1
g 400:3 h 1:4 i 9:14
1 a 3 litres b 2.72 litres j 2:4:7
c 15 litres d 3.754 litres 3 a 3.5:1 b 2.6:1 c _18:1
e 1__
29
2 a 8g b 3000g d 2.4375:1 33:1
c 2.75g d 400g 4 2:5
3 a 4000g 5 4kg b 2753ml 5 2.753 litres 5 a 275ml b 9:11 c i__
11 __ 9
20 ii20
c 0.2m 5 200mm d 6.2km 5 6200m
e 0.12kg 5 120g f 7.1cl 5 71ml 6 1:100000
g 6t 5 6000kg h 2.7m 5 2700mm 7 a 25:1 b 24:1
4 8000000g c The new ratio because there are fewer students to
one teacher.
5 a 7 3 105cm b 7 3 106mm
8 a 10 b 40
6 33
c 2_12 d 1_14or 1.25
7 50
e _45 f a 5 12 and b 5 15
8 a 8 3 1026m b 0.008 or 8 3 1023mm
c 125 9 6cm
9 9541667 10 9:12:14
10 a 1.2 metres b 312
c 4 Apply 20.2

Apply 19.2 1 a $4, $8 b 130cm, 260cm

c 1_12litres, 3 litres d 1.25kg, 2.5kg
1 a 1.73m2 b 2000000m2
2 a $24, $120
c 35m2 d 40000m2
b $88, $56
2 a 45.9cm2 b 52400cm2 c $69, $75
c 0.0723cm2 d 5000000000cm2 d $48, $90, $6
3 a 6000000cm3 b 0.2cm3
3 $400 and $350
c 70000cm3
4 a 2 hours 51 minutes
4 a 1000000 b 1000000000
b 1 hour 54 minutes
c 2.3 3 1015
5 a i 20, 60, 100 ii 45, 67.5, 67.5
5 6200cm2
b isosceles
6 a 2.7m3 b 2700000cm3
c 1:1:1
c 750000cm3 d 4 bags
6 220g of tomatoes, 110g of onions and 10g of chillies
7 a 500ml b 0.5 litres
c 0.35kg d 28kg 7 a 37:3
e 40 litres b 185g of silver and 15g of copper
8 0.0165km2 8 300000 INR, 100000 INR and 50000 INR
9 a 1357mm (to 4 s.f.)
3
9 a 27:19
b 1.357cm3 (to 4 s.f.) b Kibou recieved $10539 and Satoshi received $7416.
c 736828 c 50%
10 a i 58.75m2 ii 587500cm2 d Kibou received $15809 and Satoshi received
b 1175000 litres $11124.

23
 Answers

10 a 72, 126, 36 and 126 Apply 20.5

b Kite
c Possible quadrilaterals formed are squares, 1 a y 5 0.08x b 3.2 c 62.5
rectangles, trapezia, parallelograms, rhombuses and 50
2 a R 5 ___
b 125 c 0.3125
arrowheads. S
3 a m 5 2.5n3 b 81.9 (to 3 s.f.) c 3
Apply 20.3
4 a 70 b the area
1 a 4 hours and 30 minutes c 17.5cm d 4.375cm
b 2 hours and 15 minutes s2
5 a d 5 ____
b 26.7m c 72km/h
144
2 a $3.10
b Singly bought, each samosa costs $0.31 and in the 6 a d 5 0.8t2 b 40 sec
large pack they cost $0.32 each. It is better value to 7 a 2.5 b 1.25cm
buy them separately. 8 a 0.75 b 5.25
3 a 210 miles 9 4cm
b Car B, 9.2 miles/litre compared to 8.4 miles/litre for
10 a Decreases by 20%
car A.
b Increases by 100%, i.e. it is doubled.
4 a 3 days b 2 men
5 a 300g of pine nuts Apply 21.1
3 teaspoons of salt
1 a (1, 3) b (22, 3) c (2_12, 22)
6 cloves of garlic, crushed
15 tablespoons of olive oil 2 Isosceles triangle
juice of three lemons 3 Trapezium
b 50g of pine nuts 4 (21, 5)
_12teaspoon of salt
5 Billy and Cara
1 clove of garlic, crushed
2_12tablespoons of olive oil 6 a 5 1
juice of half a lemon 7 a (1, 22) and (3, 1) or (25, 2) and (23, 5)
6 a 160 b (0.5, 0.5) and (22.5, 2.5)
b 15 families
Apply 21.2
c 27 families
7 2_12litres at 29.2 baht/litre All answers read from graphs will be approximate 2 allow
8 $1.86 appropriate tolerance.
9 8 hours 48 minutes 1 a Jamal misread the vertical scale. The correct answer
is 27l.
10 4 days
b 50l
c 17 UK gallons
Apply 20.4
d 136l
1 a 0.25 b 0.4 c 0.7 2
2 a 88.73m/s b 319.42km/h 12

3 a 2 hours 30 minutes 10
Kilograms

b 2 minutes 42 seconds 8
c 4 hours 22_12minutes 6
4 a 202.5km b 14.4m 4
c 3.7km 2
5 a 7930cm3 b 0.00793m3 0
0 1 2 3 4 5
6 a 8 hours b 10.7 knots
Pounds
7 a 40 litres b 14km per litre
a 5.3lb
c 140km
b 16.3lb
8 a 598cm3 b 21cm c 3.3kg 5 7.3lb, so Elenas baby was heavier.
9 58.75g 3 a $26 b 100 c i $33 ii $48
10 a 43.6 litres b 21.1km/litre d $0.15 or 15 cents

24
 Answers

4 a F 4 a

Distance from Cologne (km)

220 600
500
200
400
180
300
160 200
140 100

120 0

00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
100

09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Time
80
b 96km/h
60 5 a
8

Distance from Joes house (km)

40

20
6

100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 C
20 4
40

60 2

80
0
100 1000 1030 1100 1130 1200
Time

b i 176F ii 276F iii 32F iv 212F b 1057 c 4.4km from Joes house
c 98F d 77F
Apply 21.4

Apply 21.3 1 a 1.4m/s2 b 280m c 9.33m/s

2 a
1 a 1_14h
20
b i 40km/h ii 80km/h iii 64km/h
Speed (m/s)

15
2 a 1114 10
b 8.4km/h
5
c He slowed down
d 1108 and 1128 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
e 8km/h Time (s)
3 b 390m
50
Regno 3 a
30
Distance from Pyetown (km)

40 25
Speed (m/s)

20
30 15
Quintao
10
20 5
0
10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Time (s)
b 0.9m/s2 c 1150m
Pyetown 0
1000 1020 1040 1100 1120 1140 4 a CD
Time b i 20km/h2 ii 0 iii 240km/h2
a 28km b 1045 c 1135 c 150km

25
 Answers

5 a A 5 2445m, B 5 2375m so A has travelled further 4 a 1360mm or 136cm b 1000mm or 1m

b 70m 5 a 2500km b 11km
6 Name Country Time
Apply 22.1
Kenenisa Bekele Ethiopia 12:37
1 $363.13 Haile Gebrselassie Ethiopia 12:39
2 41 hours Daniel Komen Kenya 12:40

3 $7.10 per hour Eliud Kipchoge Kenya 12:47

4 a $12930 b $4922.50 Sileshi Sihine Ethiopia 12:47

5 $60900 7 a 6000000 b 6320000 c 6323040

6 a $34800 b $7520 8 a 37 degrees Celsius b 36.9 degrees Celsius
7 a 30% b $47500 9 a Planet Rotation
8 Gaia has calculated the tax as a percentage of her taxed period in days
income. She should have calculated it as a percentage of Mercury 58.65
her taxable income. Venus 243.02

Apply 22.2 Earth 1.00

Mars 1.03
1 $288
Jupiter 0.41
2 $12000
b Earth and Mars
3 $274.05
4 $700 10 a 19792.55263 b 19792.6
5 a $50 b $90 c 15% 11 a 1.004253927 b 1.0
6 $55.80 12 Any number with a zero in the tens column and a
number of 4 or less in the units column. For example,
7 a $12800 b $10880
302; 35204; 8704;
8 18%
9 $600 Apply 23.2
10 $200
1 a 40 b 9000 c 100 d 50
Apply 22.3 e 100 f 20000 g 0.04 h 0.7
i 0.007 j 0.2
1 $72
2 a 45700 b 2400000 c 12.7
2 6 years d 322 e 4050 f 4.08
3 $2185.45 g 0.355 h 0.000707 i 1.01
4 Slightly more; the value after 3 years is $4499.46 j 0.0000568

5 $2250 3 a 200m b 780g c 28600 miles

6 Compound interest (compound interest 5 $652.31,
simple interest 5 $666.00)
7 $21870
8 Saritas by $38.01
Apply 23.1
1 a 14 b 4 c 6 d 7 e 20
f 301 g 402 h 2 i 1 j 1
2 a 400 b 200 c 3500 d 7300
e 2000 f 1900 g 567100 h 43300
i 98900 j 100000
3 a 5 b 0.89 c 8160.08 d 172.3
e 0.091 f 2470 g 2472.5 h 2526.273
i 3000 j 1919.19
d 58 minutes e 784.7km f 3.50 litres
g 0.9mm h 0.007km2 i 0.0079m
j 0.040kg
4 a 8; 7.47 b 1200; 1262.9
c 41; 38.61 d 1000; 931.9
5 a 1000; 1178.34 b 1200; 1029.2
c 2.5; 3.4 d 20; 18.5
30 1 20
6 a ________
b 5 c 4.8
10
200 1 100
7 a __________
b 3 c 2.20
200 2 100
8 a 90 2 6 3 0.5 b 90 c 87
9 Any number beginning with two thousand three hundred
where the tens figure is zero and the units figure is less
than 5, for example, 2301; 2304; 2303.5;

26
 Answers

10 Any two-digit number, for example, 32; 56; 98; 4 a i 64 ii 21 iii 0.008
Or any three-digit number where the tens figure is zero b x 5 5
and the units figure is less than 5, for example, 704; 5 x 5 3
403;
6 x 5 11
These can be extended by adding decimal parts.
7 x 5 33
Apply 23.3 8 a i 251 ii 33 iii 6
b i 6 2 28x ii x 5 0.5
1 a 10.5km b 9.5km
9 a 21
2 a 3.5kg b 2.5kg c 1kg
b i 4x 2 9 ii x 5 5
3 a 62350 b 62250
10 a i 31 ii 21 iii 83
4 a 3.625m b 3.615m b i 2x2 2 1 ii 65
c Yes. Both answers are less than 3.7m.
5 a 500.5g and 499.5g Apply 24.2
b 500.25g and 499.75g
1 x x 1 8
6 138.5cm < height , 139.5cm
x
7 2045km < distance , 2055km 2 x __
6
8 2.85kg < weight , 2.95kg 3 x 3x
9 11.335s < time , 11.345s x24
4 x _____

10 37.55C and 37.65C 5
x17
11 a 51.5m < length of first rope , 52.5m; 5 a x _____
b i6 ii1
3
44.75m < length of second rope , 45.25m
c x 5 17
b Largest length 5 52.5 1 45.25 5 97.75m;
smallest length 5 51.5 1 44.75 5 96.25m 6 a x 2(x 2 5) b i20 ii218
c x 5 0
Apply 23.4 7 a x 2_12(x 2 15) or _12(15 2 x)

1 a 27, 25 b 4, 2 b i3 ii10
c 224.75, 195.75 d 1.00, 0.87 8 a x 2x 1 5 b x
2 a 475g, 465g b 4.75kg, 4.65kg 9 a x 3x 2 7 b i216 ii27
3 a Length: 22.25m and 21.75m; c x 5 11
width: 14.25m and 13.75m 6x 2 4
10 a x ______
b i10 ii28
b 317m2, 299m2 5
c x 5 1_2
1
4 a 4.85cm and 4.75cm
b 24.25cm and 23.75cm
Apply 25.1
5 8 and 8 books
6 4226km and 4222km 1 a Students accurate drawing
b QR 5 9.6cm
7 5070m and 4980m
2 2

2 a
8 a 8.75cm and 8.45cm b 3.14cm2 and 2.86cm2 C
9 a 0.875g/cm3 b 1429cm3 and 1314cm3
10 a i$1.12 ii $0.25
b $1.11 < cost per kg in Australia , $1.13;
$0.24 < cost per kg in India , $0.25

Apply 24.1

1 a i 42 ii 28 iii 10
b x 5 3 A 9 cm B
2 a i 21 ii 21 iii 0
b AC 5 9cm, BC 5 7.9cm
b x 5 67
3 a i 5 ii 20 iii 214.5
b x 5 2_23

27
 Answers

3 C Apply 25.2

68 1 D C

9 cm 12 cm

7 cm
68 44
A 12 cm B
Two angles of 68; one of 44 55
A 10 cm B
4 C
ABC 5 125 o

2 S 7.1 cm R
27

7.1 cm

112 70
A 8.3 cm B P 11.5 cm Q
AC 5 17.0cm QR 5 7.0cm

5 3 D
C1

9 cm 8 cm

9 cm
E C

C2
9 cm
74 49
8 7 cm
A 10 cm B
BAC1 5 74, BAC2 5 8
116 110
6 C
A 8 cm B
BC 5 6.7cm, EDC 5 103

6.4 cm

127
A 10.3 cm B
BC 5 15cm

28
 Answers

4 a2h B 3 a2c C
C

6 cm 8 cm

A A 10 cm B

7 cm
D

4 a2c
D 9 cm C

F
E
9 cm
9 cm
5 C

58
7 cm 9 cm A 9 cm B
6 cm
Bisectors should bisect the opposite angles as well
5 a 1:200
A 8 cm B b i Length 5 6m; width 5 6m
ii 5m 3 7m 5 35m2
iii Clockwise from top right corner:
Apply 25.3 12m 1 4.5m 1 1m 1 6m 1 1m 1 5m 1 10m
1 7m 1 2m 1 8.5m 5 57m
1
A 6 A B

2.5 cm 2.5 cm
6 cm 2.5 cm G 2.5 cm H 2.5 cm
F C

6 cm
B
10 cm 10 cm
10 cm 10 cm
2 a2d C

Scale 1 : 50

E D
11 cm 2.5 cm
10 cm

Apply 26.1

1 The child moves in a circle, with radius equal to the

childs distance from the centre of the roundabout.
2 A circle of radius 5m.
A 9 cm B
3 The middle path, ii, is the locus of the bouncing ball.

29
 Answers

4 3

Sea
C D B
9 cm

A
Land

5 4 Z

E F
8 cm

X Y

6 A

Apply 27.1
4 cm
1 a 75 , s < 80 b 78.7km/h
2 a 57.6cm b 20 , h < 40
B C
3 1.108696 hours, or 1 hour 6.5 minutes
4 a 175 , h < 180
Apply 26.2 b 171.9cm (to the nearest mm)
1 Wall 5 Replacing the missing number with x gives the equation
25400 1 600x 5 784 (27 1 x)
3m 3m The solution is x 5 23.
A B
Apply 27.2

1 a Length, l Cumulative
C
(mm) frequency
3m
l < 10 0
House l < 30 2
l < 50 5
2
l < 70 12
(a) Shed
l < 90 26
B l < 110 37

(c) l < 130 42

(b) l < 150 44

30
 Answers

b 5 a 40
50 35

Cumulative frequency
45 30
40
25
Cumulative frequency

35
20
30
15
25
20 10

15 5
10 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
5
Distance from work (km)
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100110120130140150
b i 12.2km ii 8km
Length (mm) c i 8 people ii The 80th percentile
c i 68mm ii 86mm
Apply 27.3
iii 102mm iv 34mm
2 a 14.8cm b 3.1cm c 30% 1
1.3
3 a Length of call, Cumulative
1.2
l (minutes) frequency
1.1
l<0 0 1.0
l<5 12 Frequency density 0.9
l < 10 16 0.8
l < 15 25 0.7
0.6
l < 20 31
0.5
l < 25 33
0.4
l < 30 34 0.3
0.2
b 35 0.1
30 0
Cumulative frequency

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
25 Age (years)
20
2 a 23
15 b 163.0cm (to the nearest mm)
10 3
2.0
5
0 1.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
1.6
Length of call (minutes)
1.4
c (Just under) 11 minutes
Frequency density

d Approximately 12.2 minutes 1.2

4 a Paper 1 5 45, Paper 2 5 52 1.0
b Paper 1 5 22, Paper 2 5 30
0.8
c Paper 1 was more difficult as the median is lower.
Generally its graph is to the left of the Paper 2 0.6
graph, indicating lower scores.
0.4
d Paper 1 5 60, Paper 2 5 75
0.2

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Mass, x (kg)

31
 Answers

4 7 a x 0 3 6
Time, y 2 1 0
0 , m < 5 5 , m < 10 10 , m < 20 20 , m < 30 30 , m < 50
m (min)
Frequency 8 6 11 4 8
b y
2

1.8
1
1.6

1.4
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
Frequency density

1.2
c (2, 1.3)
1.0 8 a x 23 0 3
0.8 y 22 20.5 1

0.6 b y
0.4 1

0.2

3 2 1 0 1 2 3 x
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Time (minutes) 1

Apply 28.1
2
1 a y 5 3 b y 5 22 c x 5 1
c (1.8, 0.4)
2 (23, 1)
9 A and D
3 e.g. (1, 1) (4, 4) (22, 22)
10 P because 4 3 0 1 3 3 4 5 12;
4 a (0, 1) b y 5 1 is parallel to the x-axis
T because 4 3 1.5 1 3 3 2 5 12;
5 a, b y U because 4 3 3 1 3 3 0 5 12.
6
5 Apply 28.2
4
1 a _12 b 22
3
2
2 a _43 b 210

1
3 Juana looked at the number 3 rather than the
coefficients of x which are 22 and 25.
3 2 1 0 x
1 2 3 4 4 a 1 b 22 c _52 d 2_13
1
5 a 1 b 23
c (22, 0) 6 x 1 y 5 8 and y 5 3 2 x; y 5 4x and x 5 _14y 1 2;
6 a, b y y 5 1 1 3x and 2y 2 6x 5 5.
8 7 q 5 25
6 8 t 5 29
4
2 Apply 28.3

3 2 1 0 1 2 3 x 1 a y 5 x 2 1
2 b y 5 2_12x 1 3 or 2y 1 x 5 6
4
2 y 5 _12x 1 1 or 2y 5 x 1 2
6
3 y 5 3x 1 4
8
4 y 5 4x 1 3
10
5 x 1 y 5 2
c (1.7, 4) 6 3x 1 2y 1 8 5 0

32
 Answers

7 y 5 2_12x 1 5_12 or 2y 1 x 5 11 2 a 5 32 (angle in a semicircle and angle sum of triangle

PRS)
_14, _
14,
8 Gradient of PQ 5 gradient of SR 5 so PQ is parallel
b 5 32 (angle between tangent and radius and angle
to SR.
sum of triangle PQS)
Gradient of QR 5 22, gradient of PS 5 22, so QR is
c 5 108 (equal angles and angle sum of isosceles
parallel to PS.
triangle OWV)
d 5 130 (angle between tangent and radius, equal
Apply 28.4
angles and angle sum of triangle OTW)
1 i(4, 4) ii(3, 23) iii(0, 3.5) e 5 65 (angles on a straight line)
(or other reasons)
2 No, it should be (21.5, 23).
3 a 41 (equal angles and angle sum of isosceles
3 (7, 24)
triangle OAC)
4 Yes Nadia is right. Midpoint of both diagonals is b 49 (angle ACB is 90, since it is an angle in a
(4, 22.5). semicircle)
5 a A is (3, 0) and B is (0, 24) c 41 (angle OCD is 90, since it is angle between
b M is (1.5, 22) tangent and radius)
(or other reasons)
Apply 29.1 4 a i118 ii59
b Obtuse-angled, congruent, isosceles, with reasons
1 a 5 143, b 5 115, c 5 65 5 a i24 ii24 iii24
2 a x 5 70 a iTriangle ODF iiTriangle ODC
b 70 1 140 1 110 1 130 1 90 5 540 c Triangles OCB, OCD, BCF, DCF, with reasons
3 a 18 b 20 c 24 d 30 6 35, with reasons
4 15 sides
5 Nonagon Apply 30.1
__
6 a 5 150
7 a 162 b 18 c 20 3 18 5 360 p
A
1 a r 5 __
b 4.8cm

8 a 22.5 b 112.5 c 45 100I

2 a T 5 _____
b 3.5
PR
9 a i5 ii5 b i6 ii6 ___

10 a Acute-angled, congruent, isosceles

3 3V
3 a r 5 ___

4p
___
b 9cm
b x 5 40, y 5 70
h5
W
c 140 4 a __
b 1.7m
I
11 x 5 70, y 5 40 x(b 2 a)
5 y 5 ________


12 a 96 b 135 a1b

( )
T 2
6 l 5 g ___

2p
Apply 29.2
uf
7 v 5 _____
1 p 5 61 (angle in a semicircle and angle sum of triangle) u2f
q 5 23 (angle between tangent and radius and angle
sum of triangle) Apply 30.2
r 5 105 (angle in a semicircle and angle sum of
triangle) 1 a x < 6 b y , 3.75
s 5 45 (equal angles and angle sum of isosceles c z . 1.6 d p > 24
triangle) e q . 2 f t . 7
t 5 52 (angle between tangent and radius and angle 2 x 5 2
sum of triangle OMN)
3 y 5 3
u 5 41 (angle between tangent and radius and angle
sum of triangle ONP) 4 a 1, 2, 3, 4
x 5 45 (angle between tangent and radius and angle b 22, 21, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
sum of triangle OQR) c 21, 0, 1
y 5 30 (angle between tangent and radius and angle 5 a 1 , x , 4
sum of triangle ORS) b 21 , y , 5.5
(or other reasons) c 23 < z < 2

33
 Answers

6 a x . 1 b y . 21 b y
c z . 19 d p , 23 6
e q < 3.5 f t > 0.6 5
7 a x > 12 b x , 19 4
3
Apply 30.3 2
1
1 a a 5 4, b 5 2 b c 5 1, d 5 3
c e 5 2, f 5 24 d p 5 7, q 5 22 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x
e t 5 5, u 5 23 f v 5 22, w 5 4 1
g x 5 21, y 5 8 2
2 Adam is 36 and Claude is 29 3
3 a a 5 3, b 5 4 b c 5 7, d 5 5 4
c d 5 3, e 5 22 d x 5 3, y 5 26 5
e p 5 4, q 5 0 f v 5 23, w 5 25 6
g x 5 7, y 5 4 h p 5 5, q 5 2
7
i x 5 4, y 5 22.25 j x 5 3, y 5 24
4 (5, 22) c x 5 0.4 and x 5 4.6
5 Large boxes cost $7.50, small boxes cost $3.50 3 a
6 Adult ticket costs $9.50, child ticket costs $5.50 x 21 0 1 2 3 4 5
7 __
11
21 2x 22 0 2 4 6 8 10
8 m 5 7, c 5 22 2_12x2 2_12 0 21_2 22 24_12 28 212_12

9 a 5 10, u 5 64 2x 2 _12x2 22_12 0 1_12 2 1_12 0 22_12

b y
Apply 31.1
3
1 a x 23 22 21 0 1 2 3 2

x2 9 4 1 0 1 4 9 1

x 11
2 10 5 2 1 2 5 10 x
1 0 1 2 3 4 5
1
b y
10 2

9 3

8
c x 5 2 d x 5 0.6 and x 5 3.4
7
6 4 a
5
x 23 22 21 0 1 2 3 4
4
41x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
3 2x2 29 24 21 0 21 24 29 216
2 g(x) 28 22 2 4 4 2 22 28
1
b y
3 2 1 0 1 2 3 x
6
c x 5 21.7 and x 5 1.7 4
2
2 a x 21 0 1 2 3 4 5
x2 1 0 1 4 9 16 25 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x
2
25x 15 0 25 210 215 220 225
4
f(x) 6 0 24 26 26 24 0
6
8

34
 Answers

c x 5 0.5 b y
d (0.5, 4.2) 20
e x 5 21.6 and x 5 2.6 15
5 a 10
x 22 21 0 1 2 3 4 5
2x2 8 2 0 2 8 18 32 x
2 1 0 1 2 3 4
23x 16 13 0 23 26 29 212 5
2x2 2 3x 1 2 16 7 2 1 4 11 22 10
15
b y
25 20
20
c x 5 21.4
15
10 3 a y
5 10

2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x
5
c x 5 20.9 and x 5 2.4
d The graph does not cross the x-axis.
4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 x
6 A is y 5 x2 2 2, B is y 5 x2 1 4, C is y 5 3x2

5
Apply 31.2
10
1 a x 23 22 21 0 1 2 3
5x 215 210 25 0 5 10 15 b ix 5 22.7 iix 5 2.5
2x 3 127 18 11 0 21 28 227
y 112 22 24 0 4 2 212
4 a y
90
b y 80
15
70
10
60
5
50

3 2 1 0 1 2 3 x 40
5
30
10
20
15
10

c x 5 0 and x 5 62.2 0 1 2 3 4 x

2 a x 22 21 0 1 2 3 4 b ix 5 2.5 iix 5 3.4

3x2 12 3 0 3 12 27 48 5 b
2x3 8 1 0 21 28 227 264 4200
y 20 4 0 2 4 0 216 4000
Amount ($)

3800
3600
3400
3200
3000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time (years)

c x 5 5.3 years

35
 Answers

Apply 31.3 c y
8
1 a x 24 23 22 21 20.8 6
8
__

x
22 22.7 24 28 210 4
2
x 0.8 1 2 3 4
8
__ x

x
10 8 4 2.7 2 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4

b y d x 5 61.4
10
5 a x 24 23 22 21 20.5
8
23
____ 0.75 1 1.5 3 6


6 x
x23
4 ______

23.25 22 20.5 2 5.5
x
2 x 0.5 1 2 3 4
23
x ____

26 23 21.5 21 20.75
4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x
2 x23
______

25.5 22 0.5 2 3.25
x
4
6 b y
8 6

10 5
4
c x 5 1.1 3
2 a and b y 2
15 1

4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x
10 1
2
5 3
4
0 5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
6
c (3.5, 3.5)

3 a y c x 5 20.8 and x 5 3.8

4
3 Apply 31.4
2
1 1 a y
12
4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x 10
1
8
2
6
3
4
4
2

b i, ii, iii, v are true 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x

2
4 a x 24 23 22 21 20.8
g(x) 0.25 0.44 1 4 6.25
b i25 ii4
x 0.8 1 2 3 4 c (1.5, 20.2)
g(x) 6.25 4 1 0.44 0.25

b Because x2 is always positive.

36
 Answers

2 a y 3 a, b y
30 8
20 7
10 6
5
6 4 2 0 2 4 6 x
10 4
20 3
30 2
1
b i23.3 ii23.3 0
x
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
3 a c x 5 1 and x 5 4.8
x 23 22 21.5 21 0 1 1.5 2 3
4 a, b y
g(x) 24 9 10.6 10 5 0 20.6 1 14
35
b y 30
15 25
10 20
5 15
x 10
3 2 1 0 1 2 3
5 5
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 x
c i23 ii6
c x 5 3.4
Apply 31.5
Apply 32.1
1 a, b y
15 1 a 5 90 (angle in a semicircle)
b 5 54 (angles in the same segment)
c 5 55 (angle at centre 5 2 3 angle at circumference)
10
d 5 87 (sum of the opposite angles of a cyclic
quadrilateral is 180)
5
e 5 65 (sum of the opposite angles of a cyclic
quadrilateral is 180)

3 2 1 0 1 2 3 x f 5 84 (angles of isosceles triangle and sum of the

opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral is 180)
c x 5 22.4 and x 5 0.4
2 ABE, ADE
2 a, b y 3 Yes
40 36 1 54 5 90 so the other angle of the triangle is
180 2 90 5 90.
30 This is the angle in a semicircle, so one side of the
triangle is a diameter and passes through O.
4 Reflex angle AOC 5 360 2 160 5 200 (angles at a
20
point add to 360)
Angle ABC 5 200 4 2 5 100 (angle at circumference
10 is half of the angle at the centre)
Angle BCO 5 360 2 160 2 65 2 100 5 35
0 (angle sum of a quadrilateral 5 360)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
5 a 5 61 (equal angles of isosceles triangle QRS),
c x 5 1.2 and x 5 6.8 b 5 29 (angle PSR 5 90 since it is the angle in a
semicircle)
c 5 58 (angles on same arc or chord RS),
d 5 32 (sum of angles of triangle PRS 5 180)

37
 Answers

6 a 50 (opposite angles of cyclic quadrilateral ACDE Apply 33.1

add up to 180)
b 90 (angle in a semicircle) 1 a x < 3 b y > x
c 50 (angle in same segment and on same arc as c y , x 2 2 d x 1 y > 6
angle EAC) 2 a y
d 100 (angle at centre of circle is twice the angle at 4
the circumference) 3
7 a Angles in the same segment on arc (or chord) BC 2
x 2
are equal 1
b i94 ii44 iii10
4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x
1
Apply 32.2
2
1 a 5 58 (one of equal angles of isosceles triangle with 3
equal tangents as sides) 4
b 5 90 (angle between tangent and radius)
c 5 22 (angle sum of right-angled triangle with a right b y
angle between radius and tangent) 6
y4
d 5 135 (angle sum of quadrilateral with 2 right angles 5
between radii and tangents) 4
3
2 TRUE or
2
FALSE
1
The perpendicular bisector of a chord True
passes through the centre of the circle 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
1
A tangent is a straight line which touches False
a circle at one or more points on the (must be
c y
circumference 1 point)
4
The tangent at any point on a circle is True
3
perpendicular to the radius at that point
2
Tangents from an external point to the True 1
circumference of a circle are equal in length 3 x 2
4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x
3 115 (angle sum of right-angled triangle OTB gives 1
angle TOB 5 65, then angles on a straight line add up 2
to 180) 3
4 a 12 (angle OAS is 90 since it is the angle between 4
tangent SAT and radius OA)
b 156 (angle sum of isosceles triangle OCA) d y
c 78 (angle at circumference on arc or chord CA is 6
half the angle at the centre) 5
5 x 5 58 (angle sum of right-angled triangle OAP) 4
y 5 32 (equal angles of isosceles triangle OAB) 3
0y5
6 Angle ACB 5 23 (ACP is 90 because it is the angle 2
between tangent PCQ and radius OC) 1
Angle BAC 5 67 (angles of triangle ABC with angle
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
ABC 5 90 because it is the angle in a semicircle) 1
7 a 56 (angles of triangle POS with PSO 5 90 because
it is the angle between tangent PSQ and radius OS)
b 56 (angles of triangle PQT with PTQ 5 90 because
it is the angle between tangent QTR and radius OT)
8 x 5 66 (opposite angles of cyclic quadrilateral ABCD
add up to 180)
y 5 51 (angles on a straight line add up to 180)
z 5 78 (angle sum of isosceles triangle PAB)

38
 Answers

3 a and b y Apply 33.2

6
y 3x
5 1 a x 1 y < 10 b y . x c x > 3
4 d y
3 10
x3
2 9
y1 yx
1 8
7
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x 6
1
2 xy5 5
4
c Lines should be broken because these are strict 3
x y 10
inequalities. 2
4 a A describes diagram c; B describes diagram a 1
b x < 0, y < 0, x 1 y > 23 (diagram b) 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
5 a y
6 2 a x > 5, y > 3 b 2.5x 1 1.25y < 20
5 c y
4 16
3 15
x5
2 14
1 13
12
1 0 1 2 3 4 x 11
1
10
b (1, 1), (1, 2) and (1, 3) 9
8
6 a y
6 7
x1
5 6
4 5
3 4
y4x
2 3 y3
1 2
2.5x 1.5y 20
1
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x 0
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
2
x 2y 2
d (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 3), (6, 4)
b (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 0), (2, 1), (3, 0), (4, 21) 3 a 25x 1 125y < 4000, divide through by 25 to get
7 a iD iiA iiiE x 1 5y < 160
b Region G: x 1 y 1 1 . 0, y . x 2 3, x 1 5y , 3 b 8x 1 60y > 1200, divide through by 4 to get
2x 1 15y > 300
c x . 4y
d y
40

x 5y 160 4y x
30

20

10
2x 15y 300
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 x

39
 Answers

4 a y > 4 b x . y 7 4x2 2 x 2 3 2 (4x2 2 11x 2 3) 5 10x

c x 1 y , 12 d 3x 1 y . 20 8 a 5x2 1 16xy 1 3y2 b 2p2 2 11pq 1 14q2
e y c 2m2 2 7mn 2 4n2
12
3x y 20 9 a xy 1 4y 2 2x 2 8
11
yx b 2km 2 3m 1 4kn 2 6n
10
c 3px 2 15qx 2 2py 1 10qy
9
8
Apply 34.2
7
6 1 a (x 1 2)(x 1 7) b (y 1 4)(y 1 5)
5 c (1 1 z)(8 1 z) d (k 1 3)(k 2 5)
y4
4 e (m 1 4)(m 2 3) f (n 2 2)2
3 g (2 2 p)(3 2 p) h (q 1 5)(q 2 2)
2 i (u 1 3)(u 2 3) j (5 1 v)(5 2 v)
x y 12
1 2 a (x 1 6)(x 2 4) b (y 2 14)(y 2 2)
0 c (z 1 6)(z 2 7) d (m 1 12)(m 2 3)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 x
e (n 1 10)(n 2 6) f (x 2 y)(x 2 2y)
f (6, 4), (6, 5), (7, 4) g (p 1 5q)2 h (m 1 2n)(m 2 3n)
5 a 1.5x 1 y < 9 b x 1 y < 8 c y > 5 3 a x(x 1 8) b y(5 2 y) c z(1 1 z)
d y
4 a (57 1 43)(57 2 43) 5 (100)(14) 5 1400
10
b (92 1 91)(92 2 91) 5 (183)(1) 5 183
9
8 5 (x 1 1)(x 1 18) p 5 19, (x 1 2)(x 1 9) p 5 11,
7 (x 1 3)(x 1 6) p 5 9
6 6 (y 1 3)(y 2 7) q 5 24,
y5
5 (y 1 7)(y 2 3) q 5 4,
4 (y 1 1)(y 2 21) q 5 220,
3 (y 1 21)(y 2 1) q 5 20
2
xy8
1 Apply 34.3
1.5x y 9
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x 1 a (3x 1 2)(x 1 1) b (2y 1 1)(y 1 7)
e i (2, 6) $94; (3, 5) $97; she should bake c (5p 1 7)(p 2 1) d (2q 1 1)(q 2 4)
3 cakes and 5 pies e (3m 2 2)(m 1 1) f (3n 2 2)(n 1 3)
ii Maximum profit is $97 g (5k 1 3)(k 1 2) h (3w 2 1)(w 2 9)

2 a (2x 1 3)(2x 1 1) b (3y 1 5)2

Apply 34.1 c (2z 2 1)2 d (3a 2 5)(3a 1 5)
e (6c 2 11)(c 1 2) f (4d 2 1)(d 1 5)
1 a x2 1 4x 1 3 b y2 1 9y 1 14 g (3x 2 4)(2x 1 1) h (8w 2 5)(w 1 6)
c z2 2 5z 2 6 d p2 2 p 2 12
3 a 2(x 1 9)(x 2 4) b 3(y 1 5)(y 2 2)
e q2 1 6q 2 16 f 10 2 7t 1 t2
c 5(z 2 3)(z 1 3)
g v2 2 11v 1 24 h 36 1 5w 2 w2
4 k 5 10
2 a c2 2 4 b f2 2 16
c k2 2 121 5 c 5 2
6 a (p 1 2)(q 1 r) b (x 2 7)(x 1 y)
3 a x2 1 6x 1 9 b 36 2 12y 1 y2
c (m 2 5)(n 2 1) d (a 1 3)(b 2 5)
c z2 2 2z 1 1
e (2e 2 3)(3d 1 2)
4 gf(x) 5 9x2 1 6x
5 a 2a2 1 7a 1 6 b 3b2 1 20b 2 7 Apply 34.4
c 4c2 2 13c 1 10
9p 5q 7
1 a ___ b ___ c ___
6 a 10p2 1 19p 1 6 b 6q2 1 q 2 1 6 8 8x
c 8m2 2 22m 1 5 d 9n2 2 1 y 7m 1 2 2a 1 b
d __ e _______

f ______


e 4w2 2 20w 1 25 6 12 ab

40
 Answers

5x 2 5 y16
2 a _____________
b ________ Apply 35.1
(x 1 2)(x 2 3) y(y 1 1)
4z 1 1 10
c ________
d _____________
All answers given to 1 d.p.
z(z 1 1) (5 2 k)(5 1 k)
p17 q17 1 a 7.5cm b 17.3cm c 21.9cm
e ______________
f _____________


(p 1 1)(p 1 4) (q 2 5)(q 2 2) 2 a 93.3cm2 b 74.5cm2 c 87.1cm2
x 5 3 91.5cm
3 a __ b __2 c 2df
3 y 4 212.2
p m25 1 5 a 222.0cm2 b 64.2cm
4 a ______
b ______
c ___
2q 2 1 3 2k
6 24.4cm
x21 3 z27
5 a _____
b _____
c _____

x17 y25 z12 Apply 35.2
p 1 15 3k 2 1
d _______
e ______
1 a 1017.9cm2 b 3053.6cm3
p19 k25
2 147cm 3

Apply 34.5
3 a 274.0cm2 b 258.6cm3
1 a x 5 2 or 7 b y 5 28 or 1 4 12cm
c p 5 2 d q 5 26 or 23 5 a 37.7cm b 144
e k 5 28 or 7 f m 5 0 or 6
6 Volume of sphere 5 volume of cone
g n 5 66 h a 5 212 or 7
_
4pr3 5 _1pr2h
i b 5 3 or 9 j c 5 27 or 2 3 3

2 p 5 224 Multiplying by 3,
3 q 5 12 4pr3 5 pr2h
4 a x 5 2_12or 21 b y 5 0 or _12 Dividing by pr2,
c z 5 _
25or 2 d a 5 _12or 27 4r 5 h
e b 5 22 or 1_25 f c 5 _13
Apply 36.1
g d 5 5 or 2_1 2 h m 5 1_12 or 21_12
i n 5 21 or 24 j w 5 62 1 10cm
5 x 1 2x 5 80; x 5 8 or 210
2
2 a x 5 7.2m b 4.2m c 13.3m
6 y(y 2 4) 5 165; y 5 15cm 3 8.5cm
7 a (n 2 1)2 1 (3n)2 5 (4n 2 7)2; n 5 8 4 10m
b Other value of n 5 1, which would give one side 5 0
5 a 6.9cm b 27.7cm2
and another side of negative length
6 a 1.4cm b 1.7cm c 2cm
8 a x 5 4 or _37 b y 5 4 or 1_13
7 7.6 units
c p 5 3 or 28
8 y 5 27 or 3
Apply 34.6
Apply 36.2
1 a 5 3
1 a 0.7193 b 0.2419 c 1.0000
2 b 5 39
___ __ d 49.4584 e 53.2672
3 a x 5 4 6 15 b y 5 21 6
8
2 18
4 a x 5 20.70 or 24.30 b y 5 20.11 or 24.39
3 a 5.2cm b 10.6cm c 29.4
c z 5 2.39 or 0.28 d p 5 5.54 or 20.54
d 33.9 e 70.5
e q 5 1.56 or 22.56 f k 5 26.22 or 3.22
f f 5 51.3, g 5 6.4cm, h 5 6.25cm
g m 5 20.72 or 1.12
4 5.8m
5 a Length 5 (x 1 18)m, area 5 x(x 1 18) 5 1500m2
b Width 5 30.8m 5 a 2.54km b 32.3
6 y 5 29
Apply 36.3
7 Width 5 1.26m
8 a x 5 3.58 or 0.42 b y 5 0.17 or 21.17 1 98.3km
c n 5 2.30 or 21.30 2 2.5km

41
 Answers

3 a X Apply 37.3

Y 1 a b 2 a
B 140 b _12(b 2 a) 5 _12b 2 _12b
50 c _12a 1 _12b
5 km
A 11 km
Z 2 a e 2 d b _23e 2 _23d c _3
1
(
d 1 2e)

3 a 2y 2 x b _23y 2 _13x c _23x 1 _23y

C
d 2y 2 2x e y 2 x f x 1 y
_2
b Angles YAB and ABX are co-interior angles, AF 5 3x 1 _3y 5 _3(x 1 y) 5 _23AG
2 2

so ABX 5 180 50 5 130; ABX, XBC and ABC are 4 a i b 2 a ii _12c iii c 2 b
angles at a point, adding up to 360,
iv 2 _
13c v _
13b _
23b 2 _
16c
so ABC 5 360 2 130 2 140 = 90
c 12.1km on a bearing of 115.6 _
1
b AB 5 b 2 a 5 4c
4 a 90 b 10.4km or a 5 b 2 _14c
c 6.7km d 285
OA 5 a 5 b 2 _14c 5 _14(4b 2 c)
5 a i 40.1km ii 44.6km
iii 44km iv 76.2km ED 5 _23b 2 _16c 5 _16(4b 2 c)

b 89.8km on a bearing of 290.6 OA and ED are both multiples of (4b 2 c) and so are
parallel.
Apply 37.1
5 CB 5 CO 1 OB 5 2a 1 3a 1 2b 5 2a 1 2b 5 2OA

1 a i
21 ( )
4 ( )
3
ii

2
OA and CB are parallel; OABC is a trapezium.

b i HI ii CB Apply 38.1

2 a
21 ( )
7 b
21
( )

25
8
c
22 ( )
0
d ( )

0
5
(
0
1 a
4 2 ) b
21
(
3 0
21 21 7
)
21 ( )
3
3 a i ii 1

2 ( ) 1
iii
22 ( )

(
3 12 26

c
215 12
0
9 023
) 5
d
211
6 22 (
)
5
b ( )
(
21


c AE 5 ( )
2 5 2
( )
1 5 2CD
2 1
2 a
21 4 (
) b
25
21
4 22 22
6
)
(
24 22
So AE is parallel to and twice the length of CD.
4 a 5 4, b 5 6
(
0 0
c
22 4 )

1 21 0

d

27 3 4
1 21 0

)

e (
0)
24 21
5 a 5 22, b 5 1 1

1
3 (
1 0 )
6 a and f, b and c, d and e 0

Apply 37.2 4 a 5 4, b 5 21, c 5 22, d 5 21

5 a 5 4, b 5 23, c 5 1
1 a 5
(
___
5 3.2 (to 1 d.p.)
b 10
__
2700
6 a

3015

)
c 85 2.8 (to 1 d.p.) b Fridays takings 5 $2700,
___
5 9.2 (to 1 d.p.)
d 85 Saturdays takings 5 $3015
__
2
55 2.2 (to 1 d.p.) c $5715

|(18 )| 5 1
_______ ___
3
2
1 8 5
2
65 Apply 38.2

7)| 57
__________ ___
|(24
2
1 (24) 5

2
65 1 A 5 1
B 5 22
4 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 4
3

25 4 25 26 22
0
6 C50
D53
5 y 5 5 or y 5 25 E52

42
 Answers

2 a 5 3 3 y
6
1
0
3 a
0 1(
) 5
b They are inverse matrices. 4
3
4 A21 5 1
21(
2 27
4
) 2

1 4 25

B21 5 __
2 22
( 3

) 1

3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x
2
C21 5 (
25 23
1

) 1
2

1 5
D21 5 __
2 24 22
(
3 )

1 3

E21 5 __
3 23 22
( 3 )
4 a S23
2 (
22
4 ) (
24
5
0
21 2
)

b 2__(
( ( 8 22 23 )
1 4 2
2 0
5 a
21 1
) b 1

3
2 21 )

0 1.5 21 1
c (
1 1 )
2
a (2
0 2 )
b (
2)
6
22.5
7 c 5 $2.20, t 5 $1.60 d (21, 0)

Apply 38.3
2
5 (
1
3 2 )
1 a, b, cEnlargement, scale factor 2, centre (0, 0) Apply 39.1
y
6 1 a 110 b 124 c 55 d 69
5 2 9.8cm
C
4
3 54.7 or 125.3
3
4 a C
2 A
1 65
B
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
1
2 72
A 9 cm B

(

2 a 23

2
21
1
22
4 ) b 9.4cm c 43 d 6.8cm
5 a 28.7 b 36.3 c 11.1cm
1 2
b (
2 1 4 )
3 6 19.1km
7 a 27 b 35 c 33
c y
6 d 129.6km e 210.1km
5 8 a 52.9 b 1.67m
4
3 Apply 39.2
2
1 11.5cm
1
2 56.5
3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x 3 a
1 C
2

12.3 cm
132
A 9.4 cm B

b 19.9cm

43
 Answers

4 a 123.9 b 21.3 c 34.8

5 124.3
6 48.4, 55.3, 76.3
7 a 11.6cm b 64.5 c 58.5

Apply 39.3

1 a 42.5cm2 b 19.0cm2
c 12.9cm2 d 14.4cm2
2 32.5
3 a

8 cm 9 cm

10 cm

b 71.8 or 58.8 or 49.4

c 34.2cm2
4 a 68.7 b 11.3cm c 59.1
5 a 81.9
b If O is the centre of the base, BO 5 2cm and
AO 5 14cm.
By Pythagoras theorem,
AB2 5 AO 2
____
1 BO2 5 142 1 22 5 200
AB 5 200
cm
c 161.6
____
6 a 180
or 13.4cm b 41.8
____
or 17.0cm
c 288 d 18cm
e 63.4 f 108cm2

44