TEST CODE 02138020

FORM TP 2015259 MAY/JUNE 2015

CARIBBEAN E XAM I NAT I O N S COUNCIL

CARIBBEAN ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION

PHYSICS

UNIT 1 Paper 02

2 hours 30 minutes

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.

1. This paper consists of SIX questions in TWO sections. Answer ALL

questions.

2. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

3. Do NOT write in the margins.

4. All working MUST be shown.

5. You may use a silent, non-programmable calculator to answer questions,

but you should note that the use of an inappropriate number of figures in
answers will be penalized.

6. If you need to rewrite any answer and there is not enough space to do so on
the original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided at the back
of this booklet. Remember to draw a line through your original answer.

7. If you use the extra page(s) you MUST write the question number
clearly in the box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where
relevant, include the question part beside the answer.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Copyright 2014 Caribbean Examinations Council

All rights reserved.

02138020/CAPE 2015
*021380203*
0213802003
 -2-

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

LIST OF PHYSICAL CONSTANTS

Universal gravitational constant G = 6.67 1011 N m2 kg2

Acceleration due to gravity g = 9.81 m s2

1 Atmosphere atm = 1.00 105 N m2

Boltzmanns constant k = 1.38 1023 J K1

Density of water w = 1.00 103 kg m3

Specific heat capacity of water Cw = 4200 J kg1 K1

Specific latent heat of fusion of ice Lf = 3.34 105 J kg1

Specific latent heat of vaporization of water Lv = 2.26 106 J kg1

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Avogadros constant NA = 6.02 1023 per mole

Molar gas constant R = 8.31 J K1 mol1

Stefan-Boltzmanns constant = 5.67 108 W m2 K4

Speed of light in free space c = 3.00 108 m s1

Plancks constant h = 6.626 1034 J s

Triple point temperature Ttr = 273.16 K

1 tonne t = 1000 kg

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*021380204*
0213802004
 -3-
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

SECTION A

Answer ALL questions.

Write your answers in the spaces provided.

1. (a) State, in words, Newtons law of universal gravitation.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(b) The planet Mars may be considered to be an isolated sphere of diameter 6.79 106 m with
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

its mass of 6.42 1023 kg concentrated at its centre. A rock of mass 1.40 kg rests on the
surface of Mars.

(Assume that the dimensions of the rock are negligible compared to the radius of Mars.)

(i) Determine the weight of the rock on Mars.

[3 marks]
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(ii) Show that the gravitational potential energy of the rock is 1.77 107 J.

[2 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*021380205*
0213802005
 -4-

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(c) (i) Table 1 presents data representing the variation of the weight (W) of a satellite with
its radial distance (R) from the Earths centre as it orbits the Earth. On the grid
provided in Figure 1 (page 5), plot a graph of weight (W) versus 1/R2 to reflect
this variation. [4 marks]

TABLE 1: VARIATION OF WEIGHT OF SATELLITE WITH ITS RADIAL DISTANCE

1 Weight (W) 105 N

10 15
m 2
R2

21 1.18
18 1.05
16 0.95
12 0.66
9 0.58

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

7 0.40
6 0.35
4 0.24

(ii) Find the gradient of the graph and hence determine the mass of the satellite.
(Mass of Earth, ME = 5.6 1024 kg)

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[4 marks]

Total 15 marks

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*021380206*
0213802006
 DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Figure 1. Variation of weight with radial distance

02138020/CAPE 2015
-5-

0213802007
*021380207*
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE
 -6-

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

2. (a) (i) State TWO conditions that must be satisfied for simple harmonic motion to
occur.

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(ii) A horizontal plate is vibrating vertically, as shown in Figure 2.

Vertical Cube of mass 5.8 g

oscillations
of frequency
4.5 Hz

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Plate

Figure 2. Horizontal plate

The plate undergoes simple harmonic motion with a frequency of 4.5 Hz and
amplitude 3.0 mm. A metal cube of mass 5.8 g rests on the plate. Calculate the
maximum kinetic energy of the cube.

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................. DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

.................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*021380208*
0213802008
 -7-
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(iii) The amplitude of oscillation of the plate in (a) (ii) is gradually increased. The
frequency remains constant. At a particular amplitude and at the position of
maximum displacement, the cube loses contact with the plate for an instant. Explain
why the cube loses contact with the plate.

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(iv) Calculate the amplitude of oscillation at the instant the cube loses contact with the
plate.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[3 marks]
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*021380209*
0213802009
 -8-

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(b) Figure 3 shows a block which oscillates horizontally between two identical springs, each
with spring constant, k. The vibrator has a constant amplitude.

Figure 3. Oscillating block

As the frequency is changed, the amplitude of oscillation of the block is measured.

Table 2 shows the data recorded.

TABLE 2: VARIATION OF AMPLITUDE WITH FREQUENCY

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Frequency Amplitude
f /Hz y/cm
2.8 1.2
5.5 1.8
8.3 3.0
11.0 4.2
12.7 4.4
13.8 4.3
16.5 1.4

(i) On the grid provided in Figure 4 (page 9), plot a graph of amplitude of oscillation,
y, against frequency, f. [4 marks]

(ii) Use your graph to determine the angular frequency for the block when it is oscillating
at maximum amplitude. DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Angular frequency

[1 mark]

Total 15 marks
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE
02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802010*
0213802010
 -9-
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Figure 4. Amplitude of oscillation versus frequency

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802011*
0213802011
 - 1 -
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

3. (a) A resistance thermometer and a thermocouple thermometer are both used at the same time
to measure the temperature of a water bath. Explain why the thermometers may record
different temperatures even though they are calibrated accurately and are at equilibrium.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(b) (i) What is meant by the term absolute zero of temperature ?

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(ii) State how the absolute thermodynamic scale of temperature differs from other
temperature scales.

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(c) The temperature of a water bath increases from 50.00 oC to 80.00 oC. Determine, in kelvin,
and to an appropriate number of significant figures,

(i) the temperature 50.00 oC

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[1 mark]

(ii) the change in temperature of the water bath.

[1 mark]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802013*
0213802013
 - 1 -

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(d) An empirical centigrade temperature can be determined and defined in terms of any suitable
thermometric property. Select ONE type of thermometer with a suitable thermometric
property and describe briefly the procedure and necessary readings to be taken in order to
use this thermometer to determine a random temperature, .

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................
[5 marks]

(e) The relationship between the resistance, R, of a wire at temperature t/oC as measured by
a mercury thermometer, and the resistance, R0, at 0 oC is

R0
R= ,
1+t2

where = 5.0 105 oC2.

(i) Calculate, in terms of R0, the resistance of the wire at 100 oC and at 80 oC as
measured by the mercury thermometer.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[2 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802014*
0213802014
 - 1 -
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(ii) If the resistance of the wire is used as a thermometric property, what is the
temperature reading of the resistance thermometer when the reading on the mercury
thermometer is 80 oC?

[2 marks]
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Total 15 marks
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802015*
0213802015
 - 1 -

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

SECTION B

Answer ALL questions.

Write your answers in the spaces provided.

4. (a) Figure 5 shows a resultant vector, A, at an angle to the horizontal.

Figure 5. Resultant vector

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Write expressions for Ax and Ay in terms of A and .

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(b) A jogger runs 145 m in a direction 20.0o east of north and then 105 m in a direction 35.0o
south of east.

(i) Represent his resultant displacement using a suitable vector diagram.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[3 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802016*
0213802016
 - 1 -
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(ii) Determine his northerly displacement from his starting point.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[3 marks]

(iii) Hence, determine his resultant displacement from his starting point.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[4 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802017*
0213802017
 - 1 -

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(c) It is said that sprinters in a 100 m race accelerate for the first one-third of the race. The
x
2s
following formula, t = is proposed to compute the duration of the acceleration phase.
a
By comparing the units, find the value of x.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[3 marks]

Total 15 marks
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802018*
0213802018
 - 1 -
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

5. (a) Long-sightedness is an eye defect that affects many persons. Explain, using suitable optical
sketches, how long-sightedness occurs and how it can be corrected.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[4 marks]

(b) Use a ray diagram to show how focused images are formed in a magnifying glass.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[3 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802019*
0213802019
 - 1 -

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(c) An object is placed 12 cm from a converging lens of focal length 18 cm.

Determine

(i) the position of the image and its distance from the lens

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[4 marks]

(ii) whether the image is virtual or real

.................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(iii) the magnification of the image and hence its orientation.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[3 marks]

Total 15 marks

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802020*
0213802020
 - 1 -
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

6. (a) Define the term Youngs modulus. Include a suitable formula in your definition.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802021*
0213802021
 -  -

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(b) Explain the differences between elastic deformation and inelastic deformation by making
reference to Hookes law and energy changes in materials.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................
[4 marks]
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802022*
0213802022
 - 2 -
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(c) A bone has a Youngs modulus of approximately 1.8 1010 Pa. Under compression, it can
withstand a stress of about 1.5 108 Pa before breaking. Assuming that the femur (thigh
bone) is 0.47 m long, calculate the amount of compression that this bone can withstand
before breaking. (State your answer in mm.)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

\
[3 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802023*
0213802023
 - 2 -

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(d) Figure 6 shows a crane that is used for lifting heavy objects.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Figure 6. Crane

The motor in the crane lifts a total mass of 1800 kg from rest on the ground. The cable
supporting the mass is made from steel of Youngs modulus 2.4 1011 Pa. The cross-
sectional area of the cable is 1.3 104 m2. As the mass leaves the ground, the strain in
the cable is 0.0010.
(Assume the weight of the cable is negligible.)

(i) Use the Youngs modulus of the steel to determine the tension in the cable.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[2 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802024*
0213802024
 - 2 -
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(ii) Assuming it is an 8-tonne crane and that the length of the cable is 8 m, determine
the extension in the cable when it is operating at maximum load.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

[3 marks]

Total 15 marks
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

END OF TEST

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.

02138020/CAPE 2015
*0213802025*
0213802025