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Actix Trainer
Training Objectives
Agenda
Goal:
What do you consider a good or optimal network?
What are your performance measures?
Problem:
Maximize coverage, capacity, and service quality for a
changing
at minimum cost
Degrees of freedom:
The following cell parameters may be changed:
antenna type
antenna tilt
antenna azimuth
[pilot power]
Main challenge:
Allow the optimization engineer to solve not only isolated troublespots, but
taking the interdependencies into account
Immense parameter space !
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Optimisation Method
Requirement
reach significant performance improvement
Selected:
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Powells Algorithm
Evaluate :
Parameter 2 (e.g. azimuth) Original settings
Reconfiguration options
of Parameter 1
Accepted reconfiguration
Parameter 1 (e.g. tilt)
Reconfiguration options
of Parameter 2
Accepted reconfiguration
result for Parameter 2
with respect to coverage, cost
What is considered as ?
Exceed the clutter-specific coverage Exceed the clutter-specific coverage
threshold in the entire (traffic-relevant) threshold for the entire ,
, i.e. i.e. from the traffic map
Pilot RSCP Coverage Threshold plot Equivalent Traffic per Pixel plot
high
traffic
zero low
traffic traffic
:
interference increase the attenuations towards other cells
coverage areas
Create signals:
propagation conditions
Reduce the attenuations towards the desired
coverage areas
Goal: the RF network configuration that needs the
, but: , but:
less balanced traffic load DL SIR not optimal & more pilot pollution
Service characteristics
directly benefit from good RF network based on RF network and much more:
but: highly non-linear dependency + RRM + access network
+ services + traffic + ...
, e.g. by Monte-Carlo simulations, e.g. blocking, dropping
(too)
RF network characteristics
directly affected by RF parameter changes based on RF network
can be verified with e.g. by parameters,
drive tests e.g. Rx power, Ec/Io, C/I
Problem:
cannot be resolved anymore by the frequency plan
Tighter frequency reuse needed for more or
were not adapted to inserted new sites while
evolving the network over time
Degrees of freedom:
The following cell parameters may be changed:
antenna type
antenna tilt
antenna azimuth
[BCCH carrier power]
Main challenge:
Allow the optimization engineer to solve not only isolated troublespots, but
taking the interdependencies into account
Immense parameter space !
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: Coverage vs. Interference
minimize
each pixel weighted by the traffic
spots with are proportionally
Constraints:
RxLev_DL vs. Overlap slider position
Cost (RPI !, optional: limitation of accumulated cost & effort)
Maximum Users per Cell ( target load)
Planning Data Initial Analysis by Planning Data Network Export Results to Validation by
Import & Drive Test Tuning by Optimization Planning Data and Drive Test
Project Review Measurements Measurements Live Network Measurements
Import options:
Sites and Matrices in
Computation Zone only
Skip inactive transmitters
(inactive transmitters may be useful
for measurement analysis though)
Load DTM and clutter from Atoll
Traffic import settings
Click
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Atoll Project Import (4)
Click
Main differences
Traffic Data Raster maps based on environments (UMTS) A traffic density raster matrix per service profile, which can be
Vector maps based on user profiles (UMTS) referenced by a UE profile.
Maps based on densities (GSM) UMTS: Traffic matrices per Atoll-Compatible Service Profile
or other options ... GSM: Absolute Traffic matrix
User as required for static planning UMTS: corresponding User definitions with optimization-
Profiles relevant parameters in Atoll-Compatible Service Profiles
GSM: Generic User definition (container for the traffic matrix)
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as required for optimization
Atoll vs. Radioplan (2)
Planning Database
Measurement e.g. Investig. DEM &
Equipment Network Pathloss Traffic Con-
Atoll, & Focus Clutter
Agilent, Anritsu, R&S, Setup Maps Maps straints
Panasonic, TEMS, ... Asset Areas Maps
Automated
Drive Test Analysis
Tuning of Network Optimization
Network Layout &
Planning Data Optimizing of Site and antenna height selection
Performance and adaptation of:
Planning Data
Database antenna tilt
antenna azimuth
antenna type/pattern
cell power
Dynamic & Static
Network Simulation
Creating projects
Typically, a poject is :
File Import : e.g. from an RF planning tool
:
File Load Project Data :
from a file system with Radioplan-proprietary formats.
A selected project.cfg file is the reference to such a file system.
A project is typically not created from scratch: New Project
Opening a project
it in the Projects tree
At the end of import or loading, a project is opened automatically.
A project is closed by opening another project.
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Project Data (1)
Project Statistics
Clutter data
used to distinguish
(optional)
See: Optimization Capabilities for more information.
Clutter Classes and Clutter Matrix
are typically imported from an RF planning tool
can also be created and modified manually:
import from raster format files
display clutter matrix and switch on Add Clutter Region,
draw polygon, Select Clutter Class
DEM Matrix
is typically imported from an RF planning tool
can also be imported from raster format files
Note: Vector data loaded to the Streets item is not used by ACP.
Traffic data
used for (optional)
and for observing optional capacity constraints
Traffic Matrix (also more than one)
can be imported from an RF planning tool
can also be imported from raster format files
can be created using Traffic Matrix Generation
can also be drawn and modified manually
See: Traffic for ACP Optimization for more information.
Display the matrix by right mouse click on the
Traffic Matrix and select Show this Matrix
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Network Configuration (1)
Antenna Settings
For example:
Both Antenna IDs 742212_U_6 and 742212_U_T6 result in
Antenna Family = 742212_U and Electrical Tilt [deg] = 6.
Site Settings:
to open: double-click the respective site name
typically imported from an RF planning tool
Status Info and Custom Parameters
may contain further site parameters:
either imported:
from an RF planning tool
(subject to customization)
from file (see Site Settings Overview)
or added manually
See: Optimization Capabilities for information
on the Optimization parameters.
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Network Configuration (7)
Cell Settings:
to open: double-click the respective cell name
typically imported from an RF planning tool
:
General
, e.g.:
Resources
HSDPA (UMTS)
TRXs (GSM, iDEN)
Optimization parameters
See: Optimization Capabilities for more information.
Custom Parameters
See: Site Settings for more information.
Plot Settings
Title: pre-defined depending on technology; can be edited
Pixel Size: from General Settings; can be modified
Min. DL Rx Power: pixels with less received power are not
displayed
Options:
Overwrite: By default, the last, unlocked layer of the same
type (e.g. Received Power configuration plot) is overwritten
Use Pathloss Clutter Offsets: The Pathloss Offsets configured
in the Clutter Classes Settings can be added to the pathloss
e.g. for modeling the indoor received power
Restrict: from General Settings; can be modified
Mask Area by Traffic: If a Traffic Matrix is available, pixels
with zero traffic are not displayed.
Use Color: for Best Serving Cell plot
Example for UMTS network layers
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Configuration Data Plots (3)
Expected Interference
The interference by a co-channel TRX is weighted by a probability:
pik p jk
frequency_ k
preceived_cell_i, interfering_cell_j
No _ of _ TRX i
beacon signal
interference ratio
[dB] of the
best serving cell
UMTS, CDMA:
Best Ec/Io
GSM, iDEN:
Best C/I
WiMAX:
Best CINR
Enable
Draw Additional
Legend
to display the string-
legend
To open:
Click on the legend scale in the black bar
Adjust / Select:
Scale Limits
Type of legend: Shading or Color Steps
( to select Color Steps legend: disable Autoscale!)
Table of colors and thresholds
Buttons to manipulate table entries
Use Create Transition button:
for creating an automatic range of thresholds
Legend Presets:
are templates that can be applied to any surface
plot (Load)
can be defined by the user (Add)
Radioplan can be initialized with custom templates
Default Legend Preset
To open:
Click below the legend scale
in the black bar
Define:
Description
Display options
Layer Templates:
current layer settings can be used as
template for all layers of this type
(e.g. for all Best Pilot Power plots)
are saved in the User Workspace
Tools menu:
General and Display Settings Save or load legend.ini
are saved in winesworkspace.ini to share Legend Templates
Network configuration
(sites, cells, antennas, repeaters)
Environment (elevation, clutter;
optional: map)
Predicted pathloss Optimization targets
Area definition Further constraints
optional: Traffic map
optional: Optimization constraints
Measurement Parameters
... [dBm]:
contains available measured values
(per cell and bin)
... [...]:
contains only values of the bins, where a cell
(or Scrambling code) is
Measurement Parameters
... [dBm]:
contains available measured values
(per cell and bin)
... [...]:
contains only values of the bins, where a cell
(or ARFCN & BSIC) is
Derived Parameters
(after Import Process)
Measurement Guide ISCP - Cell [dBm] Pilot ISCP for each cell
Paths [Num] Number of detected paths
RSCP - Cell [dBm] Pilot RSCP for each cell
RSCP_Best [Cell] Best cell based on Pilot RSCP
RSCP_Best [dBm] Pilot RSCP of the best cell
RSCP_TopN [Cell] Top N cell list based on Pilot RSCP
RSCP_TopN [dBm] Top N Pilot RSCP list
RSSI - Cell [dBm] RSSI (noise) for each cell
RSSI [dBm] Mean RSSI
SIR - Cell [dB] SIR for each cell
SIR_Best [Cell] Best Cell based on SIR
SIR_Best [dB] SIR of the best cell
MS_ActiveSet [Num]
MS_Event [Event]
MS_EventInfo [Event]
MS_RRC_State [State]
MS_UL_TxPower [dBm]
MS_UL_Interference [dBm]
just select:
Type of plot
Pixel resolution
Area
optional:
Restrict to
Select a
combining
function for all
data in a pixel
Select Select Surface Plot Select Raster Plot and (e.g. 50m)
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Best Cells Comparative Analysis (1-UMTS)
Best serving :
: Plot Best Serving Cell
Best serving :
: Plot Best Serving Cell
Nevertheless, finally the live network and the planning data status must be aligned!
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Single Cell Comparative Analysis (1-UMTS)
Further analysis options are similar to best cell values: Difference plot, Statistics
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Single Cell Comparative Analysis (3-GSM)
Further analysis options are similar to best cell values: Difference plot, Statistics
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Radioplan Network Optimization Workflow
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Radioplan Network Optimization Workflow
Network configuration
(sites, cells, antennas, repeaters)
Environment (elevation, clutter;
optional: map)
Predicted pathloss Optimization targets
Area definition Further constraints
optional: Traffic map
optional: Optimization constraints
Of course, the pathloss data input to Radioplan may be generated by a tuned model.
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Radioplan: Pathloss Tuning (1)
SIGNAL STRENGTH
Predicted Initial
Signal Profile Signal Profile
Measured Measured
Data Data
Points Points
Modified Calibrated
Signal Profile Signal Profile
Distance Distance
tune predictions, which are not tuned locally by the Global Offset
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Radioplan: Pathloss Tuning (4)
examples
Network configuration
(sites, cells, antennas, repeaters)
Environment (elevation, clutter;
optional: map)
Predicted pathloss Measurements from
Area definition live network
optional: Traffic map
optional: Optimization constraints
(Subcell)
Active flag
Optimization Clutter
Analysis Classes
Settings Settings
Reconfigurable parameters
due to of the respective antenna
Note: The optimization may apply even tighter constraints.
configure several cells at once in the Cell Settings Overview
Reconfigurable parameters:
Mechanical Tilt, Electrical Tilt, Azimuth, Power, Antenna Type
also indicate whether Electrical Tilt can be changed remotely
Absolute Min-Max range for reconfiguration:
Mechanical Tilt, Azimuth, Power within the given range
Electrical Tilt within the smaller of the two ranges:
antenna family and range given here
Antenna Type within the selected Group (defined in Antenna Settings)
Step size for reconfiguration:
Tilt (applies to Mechanical and Electrical), Azimuth, Power
Max. Users per Cell:
The target number of users for this cell.
(cell-specific Costs only used for Capital Planning, not for ACP)
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Problem Analysis
Optimization Layers:
created from Optimization menu listed in Layers tab
indicated by icon
hard limited
defined in Project Cell Optimization Capabilities 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
e.g. for mechanical tilt
[Min..(StepSize)..Max] = [0..(1)..15] 5 steps down, but
hard-limited by 0
soft limited 5 steps up
(up = higher value)
optimization , e.g. 3 runs Run #1 01234567
defined in Run Optimization Wizard
Optimizer Settings
Run #2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
e.g. mechanical tilt
[Max Steps Up; .. Down] = [5; 5]
assumed optimization results Run #3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
optimization
towards (RSCP) and
(Ec/Io) :
Left: maximize RSCP coverage only
Inside Left: prefer RSCP coverage,
no capacity degradation
Inside Right: prefer capacity,
no RSCP degradation
Right: maximize capacity only
Coverage objective:
consider Coverage in terms of:
Area or Traffic or both
Max. Number of optimization runs
Iterative method: 3 or 2 recommended
Additional
Thresholds
for additional
statistics in the
Optimization
summary report
no impact on
the optimization
Save as Template
the entire configuration can be saved
as a new template
low user level can block access to that
Start
the
optimi-
zation
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Optimization Settings - Customization
The Run button at the last page of the Run Optimization Wizard starts
the optimization.
or, alternatively,
Results dialog
Optimization Summary Report
Change plots incl. statistical analysis
Change list, Work order
Submit New Values KPI Analysis plugins
after
before
Select
second layer
Choose
DIFFERENCE as
combination
function
Graphical visualization Save the Changes can be individually NOTE: Antenna Height
of changes and Summary Change list or accepted or denied. Certain = Site Altitude
+ Antenna Height !
improvements Report a Work Order Grid fields can be edited.
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Optimization Results Dialog (2-UMTS)
Main differences:
UMTS GSM
RF measures for coverage Pilot RSCP RxLev_DL (of the BCCH carrier)
evaluation Pilot Ec/Io C/I (co-channel intereference on BCCH carrier
Measure for interference Relative Load per Cell (Ec/Io) Cell Overlap Ratio per Cell
minimization ( )
Power optimization Pilot power BCCH carrier power
Commonalities include:
Optimization principles and workflow
Cell and site optimization capabilities
Clutter-specific offsets to coverage target thresholds
Cost control through RPI as well as cost & effort configuration
Optimization results presentation and analysis
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Optimization Capabilities in the Project
(Subcell)
Active flag
Optimization Clutter
Analysis Classes
Settings Settings
Optimization Layers:
created from Optimization menu listed in Layers tab
indicated by icon
optimization
towards (RxLev_DL) and
(Overlap) :
Left: maximize RxLev_DL coverage only
Inside Left: prefer RxLev_DL coverage,
no overlap degradation
Inside Right: prefer overlap,
no RxLev_DL degradation
Right: minimize overlap only
Coverage objective:
consider Coverage in terms of:
Area or Traffic or both
Max. Number of optimization runs
Iterative method: 3 or 2 recommended
or, alternatively,
Next
Wizard
Page
Atoll
via shared file system
Tuned
Pathloss.dbf and corresponding .los files
Pathloss Matrices
The selected Atoll predictions for the corresponding Atoll transmitters are
changed to the status of the tuned Radioplan pathloss matrices.
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Optimiz. Scenarios Settings:
Orig.
1
2
3
4
5
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6
Optimiz. Scenarios Settings:
Orig.
1
2
3
4
5
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Performance Improvement vs. Costs
maximum
Parameter large Performance medium
space: Improvement
number of
parameters small lowest
& their ranges medium Costs for
Implementation
low high
RPI values
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The optimal RAN configuration?
Hence, !
Planning Data Init. Anal. by Planning Data Network Feedback Results to Validation by
Import & Drive Test Tuning by Optimization Planning Data and Drive Test
Project Review Measurem. or Measurements Live Network Measurem. or
Simulations Simulations
Actix Confidential A1
Actix Confidential A2
HSDPA Optimization
Actix Confidential A4
HSDPA Optimization
Problem:
HSDPA creates significant additional interference
Dependent on HSDPA power mode
Conventional UMTS capacity and coverage must be considered
Degrees of freedom:
As part of the UMTS capacity and coverage optimization
the following cell parameters may be changed:
antenna type
antenna tilt
antenna azimuth
[pilot power]
Main challenge:
Additionally optimize the HSDPA performance
Specific performance criteria
Actix Confidential A5
HSDPA Optimization Objective
HSDPA Coverage:
area percentage with CQI > n,
where n is configurable (corresponding to the target data rate)
applies to Analysis Area and Simulation Area
Actix Confidential A6
HSDPA Power Modes (1)
PCPICH Offset
fixed HSDPA power stock
on top of all common channels
PHSDPA [dBm]
Actix Confidential A7
HSDPA Power Modes (2)
Residue
residue power, not used for DCH,
used as dynamic HSDPA power stock;
dependent on DCH load
Pmax,cell [dBm]
Actix Confidential A8
HSDPA Power Mode PCPICH Offset
Ptx
Pmax, cell
DCH
HS-PDSCH
CCHs + n HS-SCCH
PCPICH
t
fixed power stock for HSDPA and power priority for HSDPA
Actix Confidential A9
HSDPA Power Mode Residue
Ptx
Pmax, cell
Pthr, HSDPA
HS-PDSCH
DCH
CCHs + n HS-SCCH
PCPICH
t
variable power stock for HSDPA and power priority for Release99 / DCH
Actix Confidential A10
Optimization Capabilities
for UMTS Capacity and Coverage Optimization
with HSDPA
Next
Wizard
Page
Next
Wizard
Page
Actix Confidential A19
Optimization Process
for UMTS Capacity and Coverage Optimization
with HSDPA refer to: UMTS Capacity and Coverage Optimization
Proceed as follows:
import each technology-specific project from the planning tool into Radioplan
then, one Radioplan project can be merged as an addition into another
Radioplan project
The Simulation Area of the destination project is used as a spatial filter.
Review:
Network layers
Cells with Shared antenna parameters
must be at the same site
Note: cell item colors
depend on the technology
or
Activate Consider
Constraints by
Shared Antenna
Parameters
and
Next
Wizard
Page
Last
Wizard
Page
Planning Data Init. Anal. by Planning Data Network Feedback Results to Validation by
Import & Drive Test Tuning by Optimization Planning Data and Drive Test
Project Review Measurem. or Measurements Live Network Measurem. or
Simulations Simulations
Actix Confidential A44
Site Selection
Several tasks combined in a single optimization algorithm
Degrees of freedom:
Removable sites or cells may be switched off
Also the cell parameters may be changed
antenna type, antenna tilt, antenna azimuth [,pilot or cell power]
Main challenge:
Find the least number of sites with optimal cell parameters required to
meet pre-defined coverage and capacity objectives
Consider the load to be carried by the remaining sites
Save time through automated solution
Clutter-specific offsets
to the UMTS Pilot RSCP and Ec/Io thresholds
or to the GSM BCCH carrier RxLev_DL and C/I thresholds
Antenna families
Groups of alternative antennas
Reconfigurable sites
Individual cell constraints
Note:
Site or cell removals can never increase
the UMTS Pilot RSCP Coverage or GSM BCCH carrier RxLev_DL
Coverage !
Select Optimizer
Configure
Optimizer
Settings
Select
Automatic Plots and
Plot Options
Next
Wizard
Page
Further constraints:
Avoid ...: Keep potential coverage gaps small and evenly distributed across the area
Check Cell Load: No change must increase any cells load above its Maximum Output Power.
Check Maximum User per Cell: No change must increase the number of users at any cell above the
threshold defined in each cell.
Show Extended Summary Statistics: Report additional information in the Summary Report
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Optimizer Settings (3-UMTS)
Select reconfigurable cell
parameters
Select optimization range for
a single run
Min. required improvement
for parameter change; low
RPIs for all parameters
recommended
Azimuth separation
All constraints should be relaxed as much as possible in order to allow the maximum
flexibility for selecting the optimal sites
Starts the
optimization
Note:
The optional cost and effort limitation applies only to the cell parameter
changes as part of the site selection tasks.
Results dialog
Cells Active States
Optimization Summary Report
Site Selection Summary
Lists of removed sites and cells
Equipment Profile
Equipment Supports HSDPA
Mobility Profile
no relevant settings
Service Profile
Traffic Model, Uplink and Downlink Maximum Bitrate
Eb/No Initial Target UL and DL
Service Activity settings for each Traffic Model
UE Profile
Service Portion
Equipment Profile, Mobility Profile, Service Profile, Network Layer
Distribute the cell counter traffic values to the cells serving areas
Apply clutter weights
Cell serving areas either based on predictions from planning tool or
based on predictions tuned in Radioplan by drive test measurements
Pilot RSCP cut-off threshold for serving area
by clutter-specific weights
using the Clutter Matrix
(customizable in the corresponding *.ini file)
and/or