10/18/2016 TypesofOverheadConductor|Electrical4u

TypesofOverheadConductor
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Conductorisaphysicalmediumtocarryelectricalenergyformoneplacetoother.Itisanimportantcomponentof
overheadandundergroundelectricaltransmissionanddistributionsystems.Thechoiceofconductordependson
thecostandefficiency.Anidealconductorhasfollowingfeatures.

1.Ithasmaximumelectricalconductivity
2.Ithashightensilestrengthsothatitcanwithstandmechanicalstresses
3.Ithasleastspecificgravityi.e.weight/unitvolume
4.Ithasleastcostwithoutsacrificingotherfactors

InearlydayscopperCuconductorswasusedfortransmittingenergyinstrandedharddrawnformtoincrease
tensilestrength.ButnowithasbeenreplacedbyaluminumAlduetofollowingreasons:

1.Ithaslessercostthancopper.
2.Itofferslargerdiameterforsameamountofcurrentwhichreducescorona.

Corona:isionizationofairduetohighervoltage(usuallyvoltageabovecriticalvoltage)whichcausesvioletlight
aroundtheconductorandhissingsound.Italsoproducesozonegasthereforeitisundesirablecondition

Aluminiumalsohassomedisadvantagesovercopperi.e.

1.Ithaslesserconductivity
2.Ithaslargerdiameterwhichincreasesurfaceareatoairpressurethusitswingsmoreinairthancopperso
largercrossarmsrequiredwhichincreasesthecost.
3.Ithaslessertensilestrengthultimatelylargersag
4.Ithaslesserspecificgravity(2.71gm/cc)thancopper(8.9gm/cc)cc=cubiccentimeter

Duetolowertensilestrengthaluminiumisusedwithsomeothermaterialsoritsalloys

AAC(AllAluminiumConductor)
Ithaslesserstrengthandmoresagperspanlengththananyothercategory
Therefore,itisusedforlesserspani.e.itisapplicableatdistributionlevel
IthasslightlybetterconductivityatlowervoltagesthanACSRi.e.atdistributionlevel
CostofACSRisequaltoAAC.

ACAR(AluminiumConductor,AluminiumReinforce)

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10/18/2016 TypesofOverheadConductor|Electrical4u

ItischeaperthanAAACbutprotocorrosion.
Itismostexpansive.

AAAC(AllAluminiumAlloyConductor)
IthassameconstructionasAACexceptthealloy.
ItsstrengthisequaltoACSRbutduetoabsenceofsteelitis
lightinweight.
Thepresenceofformationofalloymakesitexpensive.
DuetostrongertensilestrengththanAAC,itisusedfor
longerspans.
Itcanbeusedindistributionleveli.e.rivercrossing.
IthaslessersagthanAAC.
ThedifferencebetweenACSRandAAACistheweight.Beinglighterinweight,itisusedintransmissionand
subtransmissionwherelightersupportstructureisrequiredsuchasmountains,swampsetc.

ACSR(AluminiumConductorSteelReinforced)

Itisusedforlongerspanskeepingsagminimum.
Itmayconsistof7or19strandsofsteelsurroundingbyaluminiumstrandsconcentrically.Thenumberof
strandsareshownbyx/y/z,wherexisnumberofaluminiumstrands,yisnumberofsteelstrandsandzis
diameterofeachstrand.
Strandsprovideflexibility,preventbreakageandminimizeskineffect.
Thenumberofstrandsdependsontheapplication,theymaybe7,19,37,61,91ormore.
IftheAlandStstrandsareseparatedbyafillersuchaspaperthenthiskindofACSRisusedinEHVlines
andcalledexpandedACSR.
ExpandedACSRhaslargerdiameterandhencelowercoronalosses.

IACS(InternationalAnnealedCopperStand)
Itis100%pureconductoranditisstandardforreference.

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