BAROQUE AND ROCOCO

17th & early 18th c.

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 ARCHITECTURAL STYLES
BAROQUE 17th & early 18th c.
Movement, spatial invention, drama, freedom of detail delayed response to Michelangelo
Michelangelo's late Roman buildings, particularly St. Peter's Basilica, may be considered precursors of baroque
architecture, as the design of the latter achieves a colossal unity that was previously unknown

New architectural concerns for color, light and shade, sculptural values and intensity characterize the Baroque
While the Renaissance drew on the wealth and power of the Italian courts, and was a blend of secular and religious
forces, the Baroque was, initially at least, directly linked to the Counter-Reformation, a movement within the
Catholic Church to reform itself in response to the Protestant Reformation

In the early 18th c. Rome possess a curvilinear elegance and sprightliness Rococo

Important features of baroque architecture include:

Long, narrow naves are replaced by broader, occasionally circular forms

Dramatic use of light, either strong light-and-shade contrasts, chiaroscuro effects or uniform lighting by
means of several windows
Opulent use of ornaments made of wood (often gilded), plaster or stucco, marble or faux finishing)
The external facade is often characterized by a dramatic central projection
The interior is often no more than a shell for painting and sculpture (especially in the late Baroque)
Illusory effects like trompe l'oeil and the blending of painting and architecture
In the Czech, Polish, and Ukrainian Baroque, pear domes are used
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 ARCHITECTURAL STYLES
BAROQUE 17th & early 18th c
CARLO MADERNO
1. S PETER, ROME
Enlarged the nave to a Latin cross
Faade

2. PALAZZO MATTEI

3. S SUSANNA, ROME PALAZZO MATTEI

Dynamic rhythm of columns and pilasters, central massing, and the protrusion and condensed
central decoration add complexity to the structure.
There is a playfulness with the rules of classic design, still maintaining rigor.
They had domed roofs.
Interiors- crypt
Faade which relates to the piazza
Symmetrical 3 bays of convent buildings
Brick

4. PALAZZO BARBERINI
H shaped plan
Open arcaded faade
S SUSANNA
Villa like effect PALAZZO BARBERINI
Completed by Bernini
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 ARCHITECTURAL STYLES
BAROQUE 17th & early 18th c.
FRANCESCO BORROMINI

Most revolutionary
Attained heights of spatial complexity and audacious curvilinear surfaces to create
vital spatial effects
Borromini's architectural space seems to expand and contract when needed,
showing some affinity with the late style of Michelangelo.

1.S CARLO ALLE QUATTRO FONTANE, ROME

S CARLO ALLE QUATTRO FONTANE
Masterpiece of Baroque architecture, Complexity in plan
Fusion of Oval & Greek cross
Corrugated oval plan and complex convex-concave rhythms
Undulating faade PALAZZO FALCONIERI

2.S GIOVANNI LATERANO, ROME

3.PALAZZO FALCONIERI

4.S AGNESE, ROME

Part of redevelopment of the
Piazza Navona S AGNESE, ROME
Concave faade with towers framing AR2202 /HOA- III Ar.
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a dome
 ARCHITECTURAL STYLES
BAROQUE 17th & early 18th c.
GIOVANNI LORENZO BERNINI
Pre eminent artist of Roman Baroque
New virtuousity into sculpture create many textural effects in
stone
Theatrical, entrepreneurial side of Roman Baroque
Welding the arts of painting, sculpture and architecture into unified
effects
Classical approach
1. S ANDREA AL QUIRINALE, ROME
Polychromatic oval church symbolic use of colour
lofty altar and soaring dome
2. PIAZZA- S PETERS ROME
Most impressive vast oval piazza
Surmounted by Doric colonnades
Open on the east
Low colonnades give visibility
4 columns deep, the columns give a great impression of a forest of
verticals
3. A MARIA ASSUNTA
Domed cylindrical structure with arcaded portico, blind arches
Modeled on Pantheon
4. PALAZZO CHIGI-ODESCALCHI
Typical Baroque house AR2202 /HOA- III Ar.
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 ARCHITECTURAL STYLES
BAROQUE 17th & early 18th c.

PIETRO DA CORTONA
Strongly columnar architecture marked by dramatic chiaroscuro

S MARIA DELLA PACE, ROME

Concave wings devised to simulate a theatrical set, presses forward to
fill a tiny piazza in front of it.
Other Roman ensembles of the period are likewise suffused with
theatricality, dominating the surrounding cityscape as a sort of theatrical
environment.

S MARTINA E LUCA, ROME

Emphasis on plasticity, continuity and dramatic effects

CARLO FONTANA
S MARCELLO AL CORSO, ROME
Slightly concave facade
Academic approach
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ARCHITECTURAL STYLES
ROCOCO early 18th c.
Rococo architecture was a variation of baroque.
It began in the eighteenth century at Versailles.
profoundly influenced by the ideas of Borromini.
It was lighter, more graceful, and more subdued than baroque
architecture.
Rococo got its name from the French word rocaille, meaning
rocks and shells.
Most of the rococo decorations were natural forms such as tree
branches, clouds, flowers, sea shells, surf, coral, seaweed, spray,
and scrolls. Many colors that were used were pastels, but they also
used lots of gold.
The architects in Rome
1.FRANCESCO DE SANCTIS- SPANISH STEPS
2.FILIPPO RAGUZZINI PIAZZA S IGNAZIO
3. NICCOLO SALVI TREVI FOUNTAIN

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