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Seminar
External corrosion
Direct Assessment
Seminar
Houston 2009
Agenda
Note:
Excellence in Data
Accountability Steps 1-4
NACE ECDA Seminar Houston 2009
Influence testing
CIPS / DCVG (ACVG)
AC Attenuation
Soil Resistivity
AC Voltage
NACE ECDA Seminar Houston 2009
Indirect Inspection
Influence Testing
Line needs to be clean
All influencing rectifiers are simultaneously
interrupted
No dynamic stray currents (tellurics)
NACE ECDA Seminar Houston 2009
Waveform
(As Captured by a Field Oscilloscope - OFF Cycle)
NACE ECDA Seminar Houston 2009
Frequency Spectrum
(As Displayed by the Instrument)
NACE ECDA Seminar Houston 2009
Spectrum Analysis
1800
1620
1600
1400
1200
Amplitude (mV)
1200
1000
800
600
400 340
270
200
0
DC 60 Hz 120 Hz 180 Hz
Frequency
Spectrum Analysis
1800
1620
1600
1400
1200
Amplitude (mV)
1200
1000
800
600
400 340
270
200
0
DC 60 Hz 120 Hz 180 Hz
Frequency
Spectrum Analysis
1800
1620
1600
1400
1200
Amplitude (mV)
1200
1000
800
600
400 340
270
200
0
DC 60 Hz 120 Hz 180 Hz
Frequency
Tellurics
CIPS Data. As Measured.
-2500
To TB at Rd. 2
To TB6
-2000
Potential (mV)
-1500
-1000
-500
0
2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250 2300 2350 2400 2450 2500
Chainage (m)
Tellurics
CIPS Data. Tellurically Compensated.
-2500
To TB at Rd. 2
To TB6
-2000
Potential (mV)
-1500
-1000
-500
0
2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250 2300 2350 2400 2450 2500
Chainage (m)
-1200
-1000
-800
-600
-400
-200
0
0.65625 0.66125 0.66625 0.67125 0.67625
Time (GMT)
OFF Potential ON Potential
NACE ECDA Seminar Houston 2009
-2000
Potential (mV)
-1500
-500
Rock
0
1740 1760 1780 1800 1820 1840 1860 1880 1900 1920
Chainage (m)
V
Vmeas
Rc
1
RV
When the contact resistance (Rc) is within the same range as
the internal resistance of the voltmeter (Rc), the measured
value would be only half of the real potential.
NACE ECDA Seminar Houston 2009
-2000
Potential (mV)
-1500
Real CIPS Indication
-1000
-500
0
1750 1770 1790 1810 1830 1850 1870 1890
Chainage (m)
-1200 100
-1000 80
Potential (mV)
Gradient (mV)
-800 60
46.5%IR
59.5%iR
27.2%IR
-600 40
26.8%IR
19.2%IR
-400 20
89.9%IR
-200 0
0 -20
1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 1500
Chainage (m)
GOL RE
% IR
VRE
70%
63.0%
59.5%
60%
%IR
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1101.6 1485.7
Chainage (m)
1:00
Map)
FACTORY
0.5 1.5
12:00
1:00
APPLIED
2:00 COAL 2:00
TAR
3:00 3:00
4:00 4:00
5:00 5:00
BARE PIPE &
FACTORY APPLIED
6:00 DISBONDED COATING 6:00
COAL TAR
(SEE NOTE)
7:00 7:00
8:00 8:00
9:00 9:00
Very Poor
10:00 Adhesion 10:00
Very
11:00 Poor 11:00
Adhesion
Note: Part of the disbonded coating came off during excavation. The entire coating was removed.
LEGEND
900
600
Signal (mA)
500
400
300
200
100
0
5550 5600 5650 5700 5750 5800 5850
Chainage (m)
Indirect Inspection
Criteria for identification of indications
Criteria for classification of indications
Direct Examination
Prioritization
Select D.E. sites
Flag:
How well we do on DE?
Need to predict what we expected to find!
NACE ECDA Seminar Houston 2009
Success
DE Descriptor Expectation Finding
Rate
- Eight very small holidays (jeep indications) (two 0.3cm, 0.4cm, 0.8cm, 1cm
diameters; 0.4x0.2cm, 1.0x0.5cm, 1.3x0.5cm)
- Some of the jeep indications appeared fresh and may be the result of probing the line
DE#2 during excavation
- Minor holidays 100
Ch. 1009.40 m
DE#5 - One small holiday (5cm diameter) and nine very small holidays (jeep indications) (0.1
- Small holidays 100
Ch. 3896.40 m to 0.5cm diameter dents, 0.5x0.1cm scratch)
DE#4
- Five "minor" coating holidays (3cm, 4cm, and three 5cm diameters) in field applied
Ch. 1454.90 m - Minor holidays 100
Denso tape, 20-30% damaged
(Validation with indication)
- Eight very small holidays (jeep indications) covered by calcareous deposits (3cm,
6cm, 6cm, 10cm, 10cm, 15cm diameters; 10x3cm, 30x20cm)
- Extent of coating damage could not be measured due to adherent calcareous
coverage
DE#1
- Minor holidays 100
Ch. 256.60 m
- Spot of poor adhesion (1-2cm dia.) was found at jeep indication with largest deposit
NACE ECDA Seminar Houston 2009
Questions?
Questions?