INTRODUCCIN

El mtodo Simplex es un procedimiento general para resolver problemas de programacin lineal.

Desarrollado por George Dantzig en 1947, est comprobada su extraordinaria eficiencia, y se usa en
forma rutinaria para resolver problemas grandes en computadoras actuales. Tambin se usan
extensiones y variaciones del mtodo Simplex para realizar anlisis pos optimo (que incluye el
anlisis de sensibilidad) sobre el modelo.

El mtodo Simplex es un procedimiento algebraico, Sin embargo, sus conceptos fundamentales son
geomtricos, por lo que la comprensin de estos conceptos geomtricos nos proporciona una fuerte
intuicin sobre cmo opera el mtodo Simplex y porque es tan eficiente.

Este mtodo se emplea con un proceso interactivo, o sea, que se usa sucesivamente la misma rutina
bsica de clculo, lo que da por resultado una serie de soluciones sucesivas hasta que se encuentra
la mejor. Una caracterstica bsica del mtodo Simplex es que la ltima solucin produce una
contribucin tan grande o mayor que la solucin previa en un problema de maximizacin, lo que da
la seguridad de llegar finalmente a la respuesta ptima.
 JUSTIFICACIN

El propsito principal de este taller es comprender ms claramente la manera en que funciona el

mtodo simplex y comprobar que realmente este nos sirve para solucionar problemas en donde
debemos de optimizar nuestros recursos de la manera ms eficiente. Pero que hemos aprendido
que se utiliza para resolver problemas de programacin lineal en los que intervienen tres o ms
variables.

Tambin nos permite localizar de manera eficiente la ptima solucin entre los puntos extremos de
un problema de programacin lineal. La gran virtud del mtodo simplex es su sencillez, ya que es un
mtodo muy prctico, ya que solo trabaja con los coeficientes de la funcin objetivo y de las
restricciones.

Y tambin hay que resaltar especficamente el mtodo de la M; Una variable artificial es un truco
matemtico para convertir inecuaciones ">=" en ecuaciones, o cuando aparecen igualdades en el
problema original, la caracterstica principal de estas variables es que no deben formar parte de la
solucin, dado que no representan recursos.

El objetivo fundamental de estas variables es la formacin de la matriz identidad.

Estas variables se representa por la letra "A", siempre se suman a las restricciones, su coeficiente es
M (por esto se le denomina Mtodo de la M grande, donde M significa un nmero demasiado
grande muy poco atractivo para la funcin objetivo), y el signo en la funcin objetivo va en contra
del sentido de la misma, es decir, en problemas de Maximizacin su signo es menos (-) y en
problemas de Minimizacin su signo es (+), repetimos con el objetivo de que su valor en la solucin
sea cero (0).
 OBJETIVOS

Aprender a determinar una solucin bsica factible inicial.

Verificar como se define una variable de entrada empleando la condicin de factibilidad. Ya

que el algoritmo se detiene cuando ya no hay una variable de entrada.

Seleccionar una variable de salida empleando la condicin de factibilidad.

Comprobar cmo se determinan las nuevas soluciones bsicas factibles aplicando los
clculos apropiados a travs de la metodologa Gauss-Jordn.
 Taller Segundo parcial de Programacin Lineal

Semestre II del 2017

La Empresa XXX fabrica los productos: P1, P2 y P3, en cuyo proceso de produccin se usan las
materias primas R1 y R2, las cuales se procesan en las lneas de produccin F1 y F2.

Datos:

La demanda mnima diaria de P2 es de 80 unidades, y de P1 es de 25 unidades, e igualmente la

demanda mxima diaria de P3 es de 275 unidades. Las utilidades unitarias de P1, P2 y P3 son de
$1940, $500 y $1200, respectivamente. La gerencia de XXX evala diferentes alternativas para
mejorar la situacin financiera de la compaa. Analizar tanto la factibilidad como la optimalidad de
las siguientes propuestas, consideradas independientemente (para cada caso, indicar que cambios
se producen en el MMPL).

1. Aumentar la utilidad por unidad de P3 en un 20% incrementando el precio de venta en dicho

porcentaje, pero si se hace esto se reduce la demanda potencial mxima del mercado a 190
unidades en lugar de las 275 unidades actuales.

2. El principal comprador del producto P2 pide que se aumente su entrega diaria de mnimo 80
unidades actuales, a mnimo 120 unidades.

3. El tiempo de procesamiento de P1 en F2 se puede reducir de 3 a 2 minutos por unidad, con un

costo adicional de $320 por unidad de P1.

Se pide:

Formular el MMPL.
Resolver dicho MMPL por Mtodo Simplex Estndar. Pueden usar software, pero explicando
detalladamente el procedimiento (Cada valor en una tabla debe quedar claro de donde se
obtuvo).
 solucin del modelo actual

Recurso utilidad P1 P2 P3 Capacidad diaria mxima

F1 Minutos 1 2 1 430
F2 Minutos 3 0 2 460
R1 Libras 1 4 0 420
R2 libras 1 1 1 300
Utilidad unitaria 1940 500 1200

P2 80 unidades
P1 25 unidades
P3 275 unidades
SE PIDE:
Nmero de unidades a producir de p1, p2 y p3 diariamente
RESTRICCIONES:
1. Los recursos utilizados en el tiempo de F1 deben ser 430 minutos o menos por da.
2. Los recursos utilizados en el tiempo de F2 deben ser 460 minutos o menos por da.
3. Los recursos de materia prima de R1 deben ser 420 libras o menos por da.
4. Los recursos de materia prima de R2 deben ser 300 libras o menos por da.
5. La demanda de P2 por da es mnimo 80 unidades.
6. La demanda de p1 por da es mnimo 25 unidades.
7. La demanda de p3 por da es mximo 275 unidades.
El nmero de unidades producidas y vendidas de p1, p2 y p3 debe ser no negativa.

FORMULACIN DEL MMPL.

1. DVD.

Sea x1 el nmero de unidades a producir y a vender de p1 por da.

Sea x2 el nmero de unidades a producir y a vender de p2 por da.
Sea x3 el nmero de unidades a producir y a vender de p3 por da.

2. F.O.

Max z = 1940 X1 + 500 X2 + 1200 X3

 3. Restricciones:

X1 + 2X2 + X3 430
3X1 + 2X3 460
X1 + 4X2 420
X1 + X2 + X3 300
X2 80
X1 25
X3 275
X1 , X2 , X3 0

Pasamos el problema a la forma estndar, aadiendo variables de exceso, holgura, y artificiales

segn corresponda y nos queda as:

Max Z =
1940X1+500X2+1200X3+0S1+0S2+0S3+0S4+0S5+0S6+0S7-1MA1-1MA2
Sujeto a:
1X1 +2X2 +1X3 +1S1 =430
3X1 +2X3 +1S2 =460
1X1 +4X2 +1S3 =420
1X1 +1X2 +1X3 +1S4 =300
1X2 -1S5 +1A1 =80
1X1 -1S6 +1A2 =25
1X3 +1S7 =275
X1 , X2 , X3 , S1 , S2 , S3 , S4 , S5 , S6 , S7 , -MA1 , -MA2 >=0

Xi = Variables de decisin Si = Variables de holgura o supervit Ai = Variables artificiales

 Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 430 430

0 S2 3 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 460 460/3

0 S3 1 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 420 420

0 S4 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 300 300

-1M A1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 -

-1M A2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 25 25

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 275 -

Z -1M -1M 0 0 0 0 0 M M 0 -1M -1M -105M

Ci-Zi M + 1940 M + 500 1200 0 0 0 0 -1M -1M 0 0 0

Variable que entra: X1 Variable que sale: A2

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Fila Pivote convertida 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Restriccin 1 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.3e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -25

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.1e+2

Restriccin 2 3.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.6e+2

Fila pivote * -3.0 -3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 -75

Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 3.9e+2

Restriccin 3 1.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.2e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -25

Nueva restriccin 3 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.0e+2

Restriccin 4 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -25

Nueva restriccin 4 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 2.8e+2
 Restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 -1 405 405/2

0 S2 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 -3 385 -

0 S3 0 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 -1 395 395/4

0 S4 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 -1 275 275

-1M A1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 80

1940 X1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 25 -

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 275 -

Z 1940 -1M 0 0 0 0 0 M -1940 0 -1M 1940 -80M + 48500

Ci-Zi 0 M + 500 1200 0 0 0 0 -1M 1940 0 0 -1M-1940

Variable que entra: X2 Variable que sale: A1

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Fila Pivote convertida 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Restriccin 1 0.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.1e+2

Fila pivote * -2.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 -1.6e+2

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 -2.0 -1.0 2.5e+2

Restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 3.9e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
 Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 3.9e+2

Restriccin 3 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.0e+2

Fila pivote * -4.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 -3.2e+2

Nueva restriccin 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Restriccin 4 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -80

Nueva restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 2.0e+2

Restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 1 0 -2 -1 245 245

0 S2 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 -3 385 385/3

0 S3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 1 0 -4 -1 75 75

0 S4 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 -1 -1 195 195

500 X2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 -

1940 X1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 25 -

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 275 -

Z 1940 500 0 0 0 0 0 -500 -1940 0 500 1940 88500

Ci-Zi 0 0 1200 0 0 0 0 500 1940 0 -1M-500 -1M-1940

Variable que entra: S6 Variable que sale: S3

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Fila Pivote convertida 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 -2.0 -1.0 2.5e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 -75

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.7e+2

Restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 3.9e+2

Fila pivote * -3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 0.0 -12 -3.0 0.0 12 3.0 -2.3e+2

Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 -3.0 0.0 -12 0.0 0.0 12 0.0 1.6e+2

Restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 2.0e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 -75

Nueva restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 1.0 -3.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 1.2e+2

Restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Fila pivote * 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Nueva restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 1.0e+2

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2
 Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 0 1 1 0 -1 0 -2 0 0 2 0 170 170

0 S2 0 0 2 0 1 -3 0 -12 0 0 12 0 160 80

0 S6 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 1 0 -4 -1 75 -

0 S4 0 0 1 0 0 -1 1 -3 0 0 3 0 120 120

500 X2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 -

1940 X1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 -4 0 100 -

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 275 275

Z 1940 500 0 0 0 1940 0 7260 0 0 -7260 0 234000

Ci-Zi 0 0 1200 0 0 -1940 0 -7260 0 0 -1M + 7260 -1M

Variable que entra: X3 Variable que sale: S2

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 -3.0 0.0 -12 0.0 0.0 12 0.0 1.6e+2

Fila Pivote convertida 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.50 -1.5 0.0 -6.0 0.0 0.0 6.0 0.0 80

Restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.7e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.50 1.5 0.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 -6.0 0.0 -80

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 -0.50 0.50 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 90

Restriccin 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 1.0 -3.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 1.2e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.50 1.5 0.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 -6.0 0.0 -80

Nueva restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.50 0.50 1.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 0.0 40

Restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80
 Restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 1.0e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 1.0e+2

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.50 1.5 0.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 -6.0 0.0 -80

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.50 1.5 0.0 6.0 0.0 1.0 -6.0 0.0 2.0e+2

Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 0 0 1 -1/2 1/2 0 4 0 0 -4 0 90 170

1200 X3 0 0 1 0 1/2 -3/2 0 -6 0 0 6 0 80 80

0 S6 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 1 0 -4 -1 75 -

0 S4 0 0 0 0 -1/2 1/2 1 3 0 0 -3 0 40 120

500 X2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 -

1940 X1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 -4 0 100 -

0 S7 0 0 0 0 -1/2 3/2 0 6 0 1 -6 0 195 275

Z 1940 500 1200 0 600 140 0 60 0 0 -60 0 330000

Ci-Zi 0 0 0 0 -600 -140 0 -60 0 0 -1M + 60 -1M

Solucin:
X1 = 100
X2 = 80
X3 = 80
S1 = 90
S2 = 0
S3 = 0
S4 = 40
S5 = 0
S6 = 75
S7 = 195
A1 = 0
A2 = 0
Z = 330000
 1. Aumentar la utilidad por unidad de P3 en un 20% incrementando el precio de venta en
dicho porcentaje, pero si se hace esto se reduce la demanda potencial mxima del mercado
a 190 unidades en lugar de las 275 unidades actuales.

Recurso utilidad P1 P2 P3 Capacidad diaria mxima

F1 Minutos 1 2 1 430
F2 Minutos 3 0 2 460
R1 Libras 1 4 0 420
R2 libras 1 1 1 300
Utilidad unitaria 1940 500 1440

P2 80 unidades

P1 25 unidades

P3 190 unidades

SE PIDE:

Nmero de unidades a producir de p1, p2 y p3 diariamente

RESTRICCIONES:

1. Los recursos utilizados en el tiempo de F1 deben ser 430 minutos o menos por da.
2. Los recursos utilizados en el tiempo de F2 deben ser 460 minutos o menos por da.
3. Los recursos de materia prima de R1 deben ser 420 libras o menos por da.
4. Los recursos de materia prima de R2 deben ser 300 libras o menos por da.
5. La demanda de P2 por da es mnimo 80 unidades.
6. La demanda de p1 por da es mnimo 25 unidades.
7. La demanda de p3 por da es mximo 190 unidades.

El nmero de unidades producidas y vendidas de p1, p2 y p3 debe ser no negativa.

FORMULACIN DEL MMPL.

1. DVD.

Sea x1 el nmero de unidades a producir y a vender de p1 por da.

Sea x2 el nmero de unidades a producir y a vender de p2 por da.

Sea x3 el nmero de unidades a producir y a vender de p3 por da.

2. F.O.

Max z = 1940 X1 + 500 X2 + 1440 X3

 3. Restricciones:

X1 + 2X2 + X3 430
3X1 + 2X3 460
X1 + 4X2 420
X1 + X2 + X3 300
X2 80
X1 25
X3 190
X1 X2 X3 0

Pasamos el problema a la forma estndar, aadiendo variables de exceso, holgura, y artificiales

segn corresponda y nos queda as:

Max Z =1940X1+500X2+1440X3+0S1+0S2+0S3+0S4+0S5+0S6+0S7-1MA1-1MA2

Sujeto a:

1X1 +2X2 +1X3 +1S1 =430

3X1 +2X3 +1S2 =460

1X1 +4X2 +1S3 =420

1X1 +1X2 +1X3 +1S4 =300

1X2 -1S5 +1A1 =80

1X1 -1S6 +1A2 =25

1X3 +1S7 =190

X1 , X2 , X3 , S1 , S2 , S3 , S4 , S5 , S6 , S7 , -MA1 , -MA2 >=0

Xi = Variables de decisin Si = Variables de holgura o supervit Ai = Variables artificiales

 Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 430 430

0 S2 3 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 460 153.33

0 S3 1 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 420 420

0 S4 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 300 300

-1M A1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 -

-1M A2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 25 25

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 190 -

Z -1M -1M 0 0 0 0 0 M M 0 -1M -1M -105M

Ci-Zi M + 1940 M + 500 1440 0 0 0 0 -1M -1M 0 0 0

Variable que entra: X1 Variable que sale: A2

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Fila Pivote convertida 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Restriccin 1 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.3e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -25

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.1e+2

Restriccin 2 3.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.6e+2

Fila pivote * -3.0 -3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 -75

Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 3.9e+2

Restriccin 3 1.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.2e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -25

Nueva restriccin 3 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.0e+2

Restriccin 4 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -25

Nueva restriccin 4 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 2.8e+2
 Restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.9e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.9e+2

Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 -1 405 202.5

0 S2 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 -3 385 -

0 S3 0 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 -1 395 98.75

0 S4 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 -1 275 275

-1M A1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 80

1940 X1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 25 -

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 190 -

Z 1940 -1M 0 0 0 0 0 M -1940 0 -1M 1940 -80M + 48500

Ci-Zi 0 M + 500 1440 0 0 0 0 -1M 1940 0 0 -1M-1940

Variable que entra: X2 Variable que sale: A1

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Fila Pivote convertida 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Restriccin 1 0.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.1e+2

Fila pivote * -2.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 -1.6e+2

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 -2.0 -1.0 2.5e+2

Restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 3.9e+2
 Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 3.9e+2

Restriccin 3 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.0e+2

Fila pivote * -4.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 -3.2e+2

Nueva restriccin 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Restriccin 4 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -80

Nueva restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 2.0e+2

Restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.9e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.9e+2

Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 1 0 -2 -1 245 245

0 S2 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 -3 385 128.33

0 S3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 1 0 -4 -1 75 75

0 S4 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 -1 -1 195 195

500 X2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 -

1940 X1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 25 -

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 190 -

Z 1940 500 0 0 0 0 0 -500 -1940 0 500 1940 88500

Ci-Zi 0 0 1440 0 0 0 0 500 1940 0 -1M-500 -1M-1940

Variable que entra: S6 Variable que sale: S3

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Fila Pivote convertida 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 -2.0 -1.0 2.5e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 -75

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.7e+2

Restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 3.9e+2

Fila pivote * -3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 0.0 -12 -3.0 0.0 12 3.0 -2.3e+2

Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 -3.0 0.0 -12 0.0 0.0 12 0.0 1.6e+2

Restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 2.0e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 -75

Nueva restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 1.0 -3.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 1.2e+2

Restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Fila pivote * 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Nueva restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 1.0e+2

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.9e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.9e+2
 Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 0 1 1 0 -1 0 -2 0 0 2 0 170 170

0 S2 0 0 2 0 1 -3 0 -12 0 0 12 0 160 80

0 S6 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 1 0 -4 -1 75 -

0 S4 0 0 1 0 0 -1 1 -3 0 0 3 0 120 120

500 X2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 -

1940 X1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 -4 0 100 -

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 190 190

Z 1940 500 0 0 0 1940 0 7260 0 0 -7260 0 234000

Ci-Zi 0 0 1440 0 0 -1940 0 -7260 0 0 -1M + 7260 -1M

Variable que entra: X3 Variable que sale: S2

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 -3.0 0.0 -12 0.0 0.0 12 0.0 1.6e+2

Fila Pivote convertida 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.50 -1.5 0.0 -6.0 0.0 0.0 6.0 0.0 80

Restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.7e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.50 1.5 0.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 -6.0 0.0 -80

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 -0.50 0.50 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 90

Restriccin 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 1.0 -3.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 1.2e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.50 1.5 0.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 -6.0 0.0 -80

Nueva restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.50 0.50 1.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 0.0 40

Restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80
 Restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 1.0e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 1.0e+2

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.9e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.50 1.5 0.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 -6.0 0.0 -80

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.50 1.5 0.0 6.0 0.0 1.0 -6.0 0.0 1.1e+2

Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 0 0 1 -0.5 0.5 0 4 0 0 -4 0 90 22.5

1440 X3 0 0 1 0 0.5 -1.5 0 -6 0 0 6 0 80 -

0 S6 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 1 0 -4 -1 75 18.75

0 S4 0 0 0 0 -0.5 0.5 1 3 0 0 -3 0 40 13.33

500 X2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 -

1940 X1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 -4 0 100 25

0 S7 0 0 0 0 -0.5 1.5 0 6 0 1 -6 0 110 18.33

Z 1940 500 1440 0 720 -220 0 -1380 0 0 1380 0 349200

Ci-Zi 0 0 0 0 -720 220 0 1380 0 0 -1M-1380 -1M

Variable que entra: S5 Variable que sale: S4

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.50 0.50 1.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 0.0 40

Fila Pivote convertida 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.17 0.17 0.33 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 13

Restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 -0.50 0.50 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 90

Fila pivote * -4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.67 -0.67 -1.3 -4.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 -53

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.17 -0.17 -1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 37

Restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.50 -1.5 0.0 -6.0 0.0 0.0 6.0 0.0 80
 Fila pivote * 6.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 1.0 2.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 -6.0 0.0 80

Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 -0.50 -0.50 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6e+2

Restriccin 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Fila pivote * -4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.67 -0.67 -1.3 -4.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 -53

Nueva restriccin 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.67 0.33 -1.3 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 22

Restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Fila pivote * 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.17 0.17 0.33 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 13

Nueva restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -0.17 0.17 0.33 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 93

Restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 1.0e+2

Fila pivote * -4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.67 -0.67 -1.3 -4.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 -53

Nueva restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.67 0.33 -1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 47

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.50 1.5 0.0 6.0 0.0 1.0 -6.0 0.0 1.1e+2

Fila pivote * -6.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 -1.0 -2.0 -6.0 0.0 0.0 6.0 0.0 -80

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.50 0.50 -2.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 30

Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 0 0 1 0.17 -0.17 -1.33 0 0 0 0 0 36.67 22.5

1440 X3 0 0 1 0 -0.5 -0.5 2 0 0 0 0 0 160 -

0 S6 0 0 0 0 0.67 0.33 -1.33 0 1 0 0 -1 21.67 18.75

0 S5 0 0 0 0 -0.17 0.17 0.33 1 0 0 -1 0 13.33 13.33

500 X2 0 1 0 0 -0.17 0.17 0.33 0 0 0 0 0 93.33 -

1940 X1 1 0 0 0 0.67 0.33 -1.33 0 0 0 0 0 46.67 25

0 S7 0 0 0 0 0.5 0.5 -2 0 0 1 0 0 30 18.33

Z 1940 500 1440 0 490 10 460 0 0 0 0 0 367600

Ci-Zi 0 0 0 0 -490 -10 -460 0 0 0 -1M -1M

Solucin:

X1 = 46.67
X2 = 93.33
X3 = 160
S1 = 36.67
S2 = 0
S3 = 0
S4 = 0
S5 = 13.33
S6 = 21.67
S7 = 30
A1 = 0
A2 = 0
Z = 367600

2. El principal comprador del producto P2 pide que se aumente su entrega diaria de mnimo
80 unidades actuales, a mnimo 120 unidades.

Recurso utilidad P1 P2 P3 Capacidad diaria mxima

F1 Minutos 1 2 1 430
F2 Minutos 3 0 2 460
R1 Libras 1 4 0 420
R2 libras 1 1 1 300
Utilidad unitaria 1940 500 1200

P2 120 unidades
P1 25 unidades
P3 275 unidades
SE PIDE:
Nmero de unidades a producir de p1, p2 y p3 diariamente

RESTRICCIONES:
1. Los recursos utilizados en el tiempo de F1 deben ser 430 minutos o menos por da.
2. Los recursos utilizados en el tiempo de F2 deben ser 460 minutos o menos por da.
3. Los recursos de materia prima de R1 deben ser 420 libras o menos por da.
4. Los recursos de materia prima de R2 deben ser 300 libras o menos por da.
5. La demanda de P2 por da es mnimo 120 unidades.
6. La demanda de p1 por da es mnimo 25 unidades.
7. La demanda de p3 por da es mximo 275 unidades.
El nmero de unidades producidas y vendidas de p1, p2 y p3 debe ser no negativa.
FORMULACIN DEL MMPL.
1. DVD.

Sea x1 el nmero de unidades a producir y a vender de p1 por da.

Sea x2 el nmero de unidades a producir y a vender de p2 por da.
Sea x3 el nmero de unidades a producir y a vender de p3 por da.

2. F.O.

Max z = 1940 X1 + 500 X2 + 1200 X3

3. Restricciones:

X1 + 2X2 + X3 430
3X1 + 2X3 460
X1 + 4X2 420
X1 + X2 + X3 300
X2 120
X1 25
X3 275
X1 , X2 , X3 0
Pasamos el problema a la forma estndar, aadiendo variables de exceso, holgura, y artificiales
segn corresponda y nos queda as:

Max Z =1940X1+500X2+1200X3+0S1+0S2+0S3+0S4+0S5+0S6+0S7-1MA1-1MA2

Sujeto a:

1X1 +2X2 +1X3 +1S1 =430

3X1 +2X3 +1S2 =460

1X1 +4X2 +1S3 =420

1X1 +1X2 +1X3 +1S4 =300

1X2 -1S5 +1A1 =120

1X1 -1S6 +1A2 =25

1X3 +1S7 =275

X1 , X2 , X3 , S1 , S2 , S3 , S4 , S5 , S6 , S7 , -MA1 , -MA2 >=0

Xi = Variables de decisin
Si = Variables de holgura o supervit
Ai = Variables artificiales

Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 430 430

0 S2 3 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 460 153.33

0 S3 1 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 420 420

0 S4 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 300 300

-1M A1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 120 -

-1M A2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 25 25

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 275 -

Z -1M -1M 0 0 0 0 0 M M 0 -1M -1M -145M

Ci-Zi M + 1940 M + 500 1200 0 0 0 0 -1M -1M 0 0 0

Variable que entra: X1 Variable que sale: A2

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Fila Pivote convertida 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Restriccin 1 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.3e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -25

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.1e+2

Restriccin 2 3.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.6e+2

Fila pivote * -3.0 -3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 -75

Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 3.9e+2

Restriccin 3 1.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.2e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -25

Nueva restriccin 3 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.0e+2

Restriccin 4 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -25
 Nueva restriccin 4 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 2.8e+2

Restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.2e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.2e+2

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 -1 405 202.5

0 S2 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 -3 385 -

0 S3 0 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 -1 395 98.75

0 S4 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 -1 275 275

-1M A1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 120 120

1940 X1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 25 -

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 275 -

- - -120M +
Z 1940 -1M 0 0 0 0 0 M 0 1940
1940 1M 48500

M+ - -1M-
Ci-Zi 0 1200 0 0 0 0 1940 0 0
500 1M 1940

Variable que entra: X2 Variable que sale: S3

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.0e+2

Fila Pivote convertida 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.25 0.0 0.0 0.25 0.0 0.0 -0.25 99

Restriccin 1 0.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.1e+2

Fila pivote * -2.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.50 0.0 0.0 -0.50 0.0 0.0 0.50 -2.0e+2

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -0.50 0.0 0.0 0.50 0.0 0.0 -0.50 2.1e+2
 Restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 3.9e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 3.9e+2

Restriccin 4 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.25 0.0 0.0 -0.25 0.0 0.0 0.25 -99

Nueva restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -0.25 1.0 0.0 0.75 0.0 0.0 -0.75 1.8e+2

Restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.2e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.25 0.0 0.0 -0.25 0.0 0.0 0.25 -99

Nueva restriccin 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.25 0.0 -1.0 -0.25 0.0 1.0 0.25 21

Restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 0 1 1 0 -0.5 0 0 0.5 0 0 -0.5 207.5 207.5

0 S2 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 -3 385 192.5

500 X2 0 1 0 0 0 0.25 0 0 0.25 0 0 -0.25 98.75 -

0 S4 0 0 1 0 0 -0.25 1 0 0.75 0 0 -0.75 176.25 176.25

-1M A1 0 0 0 0 0 -0.25 0 -1 -0.25 0 1 0.25 21.25 -

1940 X1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 25 -

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 275 275

0.25M + 0.25M- - -0.25M -21.25M

Z 1940 500 0 0 0 0 M 0
125 1815 1M + 1815 + 97875

-0.25M- - -0.25M -0.75M-

Ci-Zi 0 0 1200 0 0 0 0 0
125 1M + 1815 1815
Variable que entra: X3 Variable que sale: S4

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -0.25 1.0 0.0 0.75 0.0 0.0 -0.75 1.8e+2

Fila Pivote convertida 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -0.25 1.0 0.0 0.75 0.0 0.0 -0.75 1.8e+2

Restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -0.50 0.0 0.0 0.50 0.0 0.0 -0.50 2.1e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.25 -1.0 0.0 -0.75 0.0 0.0 0.75 -1.8e+2

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 -0.25 -1.0 0.0 -0.25 0.0 0.0 0.25 31

Restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 3.9e+2

Fila pivote * -2.0 0.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 0.50 -2.0 0.0 -1.5 0.0 0.0 1.5 -3.5e+2

Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.50 -2.0 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0 -1.5 33

Restriccin 3 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.25 0.0 0.0 0.25 0.0 0.0 -0.25 99

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 3 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.25 0.0 0.0 0.25 0.0 0.0 -0.25 99

Restriccin 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.25 0.0 -1.0 -0.25 0.0 1.0 0.25 21

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.25 0.0 -1.0 -0.25 0.0 1.0 0.25 21

Restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.25 -1.0 0.0 -0.75 0.0 0.0 0.75 -1.8e+2

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.25 -1.0 0.0 -0.75 1.0 0.0 0.75 99

Ma -
194 50 120
xZ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 -1M
0 0 0
= M
 Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S S S3 S4 S5 S6 S A1 A2 R.H.S Theta
1 2 7

0 S1 0 0 0 1 0 -0.25 -1 0 -0.25 0 0 0.25 31.25 207.5

0 S2 0 0 0 0 1 0.5 -2 0 1.5 0 0 -1.5 32.5 192.5

500 X2 0 1 0 0 0 0.25 0 0 0.25 0 0 -0.25 98.75 -

120 176.2
X3 0 0 1 0 0 -0.25 1 0 0.75 0 0 -0.75 176.25
0 5

-1M A1 0 0 0 0 0 -0.25 0 -1 -0.25 0 1 0.25 21.25 -

194
X1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 25 -
0

0 S7 0 0 0 0 0 0.25 -1 0 -0.75 1 0 0.75 98.75 275

-
- 21.25
0.25M 120 0.25M
Z 1940 500 1200 0 0 M 0 -1M 0.25M M+
-175 0 -915
+ 915 30937
5

- - - - -
Ci-Zi 0 0 0 0 0 0.25M 120 1 0.25M 0 0 0.75M
+ 175 0 M + 915 -915

Solucin:

X1 = 25
X2 = 98.75
X3 = 176.25
S1 = 31.25
S2 = 32.5
S3 = 0
S4 = 0
S5 = 0
S6 = 0
S7 = 98.75
A1 = 21.25
A2 = 0
Z = -21.25M + 309375
Sin solucin!
3. El tiempo de procesamiento de P1 en F2 se puede reducir de 3 a 2 minutos por unidad, con un
costo adicional de $320 por unidad de P1.

Recurso utilidad P1 P2 P3 Capacidad diaria mxima

F1 Minutos 1 2 1 430
F2 Minutos 2 0 2 460
R1 Libras 1 4 0 420
R2 libras 1 1 1 300
Utilidad unitaria 1620 500 1200

P2 80 unidades
P1 25 unidades
P3 275 unidades
SE PIDE:
Nmero de unidades a producir de p1, p2 y p3 diariamente

RESTRICCIONES:
8. Los recursos utilizados en el tiempo de F1 deben ser 430 minutos o menos por da.
9. Los recursos utilizados en el tiempo de F2 deben ser 460 minutos o menos por da.
10. Los recursos de materia prima de R1 deben ser 420 libras o menos por da.
11. Los recursos de materia prima de R2 deben ser 300 libras o menos por da.
12. La demanda de P2 por da es mnimo 80 unidades.
13. La demanda de p1 por da es mnimo 25 unidades.
14. La demanda de p3 por da es mximo 275 unidades.
El nmero de unidades producidas y vendidas de p1, p2 y p3 debe ser no negativa.

FORMULACIN DEL MMPL.

1. DVD.

Sea x1 el nmero de unidades a producir y a vender de p1 por da.

Sea x2 el nmero de unidades a producir y a vender de p2 por da.
Sea x3 el nmero de unidades a producir y a vender de p3 por da.

2. F.O.

Max z = 1620 X1 + 500 X2 + 1200 X3

 3. Restricciones:

X1 + 2 X2 + X3 430
2X1 + 2X3 460
X1 + 4X2 420
X1 + X2 + X3 300
X2 80
X1 25
X3 275
X1 , X2 , X3 0
Pasamos el problema a la forma estndar, aadiendo variables de exceso, holgura, y artificiales
segn corresponda y nos queda as:

Max Z =
1620X1 +500X2 +1200X3+0S1 +0S2 +0S3 +0S4 +0S5 +0S6 +0S7 -1MA1 -1MA2
Sujeto a:
1X1 +2X2 +1X3 +1S1 =430
2X1 +2X3 +1S2 =460
1X1 +4X2 +1S3 =420
1X1 +1X2 +1X3 +1S4 =300
+1X2 -1S5 +1A1 =80
1X1 -1S6 +1A2=25
+1X3 +1S7 =275

X1 , X2 , X3 , S1 , S2 , S3 , S4 , S5 , S6 , S7 , -MA1 , -MA2 >=0

Xi = Variables de decisin Si = Variables de holgura o supervit Ai = Variables

artificiales

Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 430 430

0 S2 2 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 460 230

0 S3 1 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 420 420

0 S4 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 300 300

-1M A1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 -

-1M A2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 25 25

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 275 -

Z -1M -1M 0 0 0 0 0 M M 0 -1M -1M -105M

Ci-Zi M + 1620 M + 500 1200 0 0 0 0 -1M -1M 0 0 0

Variable que entra: X1 Variable que sale: A2

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Fila Pivote convertida 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Restriccin 1 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.3e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -25

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.1e+2

Restriccin 2 2.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.6e+2

Fila pivote * -2.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 -2.0 -50

Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 -2.0 4.1e+2

Restriccin 3 1.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.2e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -25

Nueva restriccin 3 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.0e+2

Restriccin 4 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -25

Nueva restriccin 4 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 2.8e+2

Restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2
 Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 -1 405 202.5

0 S2 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 -2 410 -

0 S3 0 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 -1 395 98.75

0 S4 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 -1 275 275

-1M A1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 80

1620 X1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 25 -

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 275 -

Z 1620 -1M 0 0 0 0 0 M -1620 0 -1M 1620 -80M + 40500

Ci-Zi 0 M + 500 1200 0 0 0 0 -1M 1620 0 0 -1M-1620

Variable que entra: X2 Variable que sale: A1

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Fila Pivote convertida 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Restriccin 1 0.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.1e+2

Fila pivote * -2.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 -1.6e+2

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 -2.0 -1.0 2.5e+2

Restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 -2.0 4.1e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 -2.0 4.1e+2

Restriccin 3 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 4.0e+2

Fila pivote * -4.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 -3.2e+2

Nueva restriccin 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Restriccin 4 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -80

Nueva restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 2.0e+2

Restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25
 Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 1 0 -2 -1 245 245

0 S2 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 -2 410 205

0 S3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 1 0 -4 -1 75 75

0 S4 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 -1 -1 195 195

500 X2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 -

1620 X1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 25 -

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 275 -

Z 1620 500 0 0 0 0 0 -500 -1620 0 500 1620 80500

Ci-Zi 0 0 1200 0 0 0 0 500 1620 0 -1M-500 -1M-1620

Variable que entra: S6 Variable que sale: S3

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Fila Pivote convertida 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 -2.0 -1.0 2.5e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 -75

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.7e+2

Restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 -2.0 4.1e+2

Fila pivote * -2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 -8.0 -2.0 0.0 8.0 2.0 -1.5e+2

Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 -2.0 0.0 -8.0 0.0 0.0 8.0 0.0 2.6e+2
 Restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 2.0e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 -75

Nueva restriccin 4 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 1.0 -3.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 1.2e+2

Restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 25

Fila pivote * 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Nueva restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 1.0e+2

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 0 1 1 0 -1 0 -2 0 0 2 0 170 170

0 S2 0 0 2 0 1 -2 0 -8 0 0 8 0 260 130

0 S6 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 1 0 -4 -1 75 -

0 S4 0 0 1 0 0 -1 1 -3 0 0 3 0 120 120

500 X2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 -

1620 X1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 -4 0 100 -

0 S7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 275 275

Z 1620 500 0 0 0 1620 0 5980 0 0 -5980 0 202000

Ci-Zi 0 0 1200 0 0 -1620 0 -5980 0 0 -1M + 5980 -1M

Variable que entra: X3 Variable que sale: S4

Gauss-Jordan:Fila Pivote 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 1.0 -3.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 1.2e+2

Fila Pivote convertida 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 1.0 -3.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 1.2e+2

Restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.7e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 -1.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 0.0 -1.2e+2

Nueva restriccin 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 50

Restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 -2.0 0.0 -8.0 0.0 0.0 8.0 0.0 2.6e+2

Fila pivote * -2.0 0.0 0.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 -2.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 -6.0 0.0 -2.4e+2

Nueva restriccin 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 -2.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 20

Restriccin 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 1.0 0.0 -4.0 -1.0 75

Restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 5 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 80

Restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 1.0e+2

Fila pivote * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nueva restriccin 6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -4.0 0.0 1.0e+2

Restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.8e+2

Fila pivote * -1.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 -1.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 -3.0 0.0 -1.2e+2

Nueva restriccin 7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 -1.0 3.0 0.0 1.0 -3.0 0.0 1.6e+2
 Coef Base X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 A1 A2 R.H.S Theta

0 S1 0 0 0 1 0 0 -1 1 0 0 -1 0 50 170

0 S2 0 0 0 0 1 0 -2 -2 0 0 2 0 20 130

0 S6 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 1 0 -4 -1 75 -

1200 X3 0 0 1 0 0 -1 1 -3 0 0 3 0 120 120

500 X2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 0 80 -

1620 X1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 -4 0 100 -

0 S7 0 0 0 0 0 1 -1 3 0 1 -3 0 155 275

Z 1620 500 1200 0 0 420 1200 2380 0 0 -2380 0 346000

Ci-Zi 0 0 0 0 0 -420 -1200 -2380 0 0 -1M + 2380 -1M

Solucin:

X1 = 100
X2 = 80
X3 = 120
S1 = 50
S2 = 20
S3 = 0
S4 = 0
S5 = 0
S6 = 75
S7 = 155
A1 = 0
A2 = 0
Z = 346000
 CONCLUSION

En conclusin, podemos decir que el mtodo simplex es un procedimiento iterativo que permite ir
mejorando la solucin a cada paso. En este trabajo se present la forma algebraica completa del
mtodo smplex para establecer su lgica y se llev el mtodo a una forma tabular ms conveniente.
Para preparar el inicio del mtodo smplex, algunas veces es necesario obtener una solucin bsica
factible inicial para un problema revisado. En este caso se puede usar el mtodo de la M, o bien, el
mtodo de las dos fases, para asegurar que el mtodo smplex obtenga una solucin ptima para el
problema original.