Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
HELICOPTER Mi-1'71
FLIGHT MANUAL
BOOK I
FLICHT OPERATION
Section 1
SERVICE INFORMATION
ATTENTION!
Section. Sub-
Section, Subject
Page I Date
Section, Sub-section,
Subject
I Page I Date
-
3.2. Pre-Flight Dec 23/93
Dec 23/93
Check
Dec 23193
Dec 23193
Dec 23/93
4.8. Check-Out Sheet Dec 23193
Dec 23/93
Dec 23/93
Dec 23/93
Dec 23193
Dec 23193
Dec 23193
Title Page of Dec 23/93
Section 4 Dec 23193
Dec 23/93
Contents of 112 Dec 23/93 Dec 23/93
Sectio~l4 Dec 23/93
Dec 23/93
4.1. Taxiing 4.1.1 Dec 23/93 Dec 23/93
4.1.2 Dec 23/93 Dec 23193
4.1.314 Dec 23/93 Dec 23/93
4.2. Takeoff and 4.2.1 Dec 23/93 Dec 23193
Low-Altitude Flight 4.2.2 Dec 23/93 Dec 23/93
4.2.3 Dec 23193 Dec 23193
4.2.4 Dec 23193 Dec 23/93
4.2.5 Dec 23/93 Dec 23/93
4.2.6 Dec 23/93 Dec 23/93
4.2.7 Dec 23193 Dec 23/93
4.2.8 Dec 23193 Dec 23/93
4.3.1 Dec 23193 Dec 23193
4.3.2 Dec 23193 Dec 23/93
4.3.3 Dec 23/93 Dec 23193
4.3.4 Dec 23193 Dec 23193
4.3.516 Dec 23/93 Dec 23193
4.4. Cruising Flight 4.4.1 Nov 18/04 Dec 23193
4.4.2 Nov 18/04 Dec 23/93
4.4.3 Dec 23/93 Dec 23193
4.5. Descent 4.4.4 Dec 23193 Dec 23/93
4.5.1 Dec 23/93 Dec 23/93
4.5.2 Dec 23193 Dec 23/93
4.5.3 Dec 23/93
4.5.4 Dec 23193 4.9.1 Dec 23/93
4.5.5 Dec 23/93 4.9. List of Acceptable 4.9.2 Dec 23193
4.6. Landing 4.5.718 Dec 23/93 Failures 4.9.3 Dec 23/93
Approach 4.6.1 Dec 23/93 4.9.4 Dec 23/93
4.6.2
4.6.4
Dec 23193
Dec 23193
1 4.9.5
:4f8 1 Dec 23193
Dec23R3
Dec 23/93
1
4.6.5 Dec 23/93
4.6.6 Dec 23193 112 Dec 23/93
4.6.7 Dec 23193 Title Page of
4.618 Dec 23/93 Section 4a
4.6.9 Dec 23193
4.6.10 Dec 23/93 4a.l.1 Dec 23193
4.6.1 1 Dec 23/93 4a.l Extreme Low-
4.6.12 Dec 23/93 Altitude Fliglits
4.7. Landing 4.7.1
4.7.2 Dec 23/93
Section, Sub-Section,
Subject
. Page Date Section, Sub-
Section, Subject
Page Date
Dec 23193
Mountai~iousArea Dec 23193 4a.9.6 Dec 23193
Dec 23193
Dec 23193 5.1. General In- Dec 23193
4a.6. Peculiarities Dec 23193 structions on
of Flights to Sites Dec 23193 Actions to Be
Selected from Air Dec 23193 Taken bv Crew
Dec 23193 Members in
Dec 23193 Adverse Situa-
Dec 23193 tion
4a.7. Flights with Dec 23/93
External Store Dec 23193 5.2. Adverse Si- Dec 23193
Dec 23193 tuation Check- Dec 23/93
Dec 23193 Out Sheets Dec 23193
Dec 23193 Dec 23193
Dec 23193 Dec 23193
Dec 23/93 Dec 23193
Dec 23193 Dec 23/93
Dec 23193 Dec 23193
Dec 23193
Dec 23193
Dec 23193
Dec 23193 5.3. Flight with- Dec 23193
Dec 23/93 Failured Engine Dec 23/93
-4a.8. Fliehts for Per- Dec 23193 Control Svstem
forming Building and Dec 23193
Installation Opera- Dec 23/93 5.4. Danger Dec 23193
tions Dec 23193 (Excessive) Vib- Dec 23193
4a.9. Flights for Ex- Dec 23193 ration of Engine
tinguishing Forest Dec 23193
Fires Dec 23193 5.5. Droo of Oil Dec 23193
Dec 23193 Pressure in Dec 23193
Engine
Dec 23193
Dec 23193
6.2. Emerzencv Dec 23/93
5.8. Troubles of 5.8.1 Dec 23/93 Check-Out Dec 23193
Gearboxes 5.8.2 Dee 23193 Sheets Dec 23193
Dec 23193
5.9. Failure of 5.9.112 1 Dec 23193 Dec 23/93
Dec 23193
vice Tank Booster
Pump Dec 23193
Dec 23193
5.10. Failure of 5.10.1 Dec 23193 Dec 23193
Transfer Pumps 5.10.2 Dec 23193 Dec 23193
Dec 23193
5.11.Cloggingof
Fuel Filter
5.12. Illumination
1 5.11.1
5.1 1.2
5.12.1
1 Dee 23193
Dec 23/93
Dec 23193
6.3. Rules for
of Emergency
Dec 23193
Dec 23193
Dec 23193
Dec 23193
of 270-1 FUEL 5.12.2 Dec 23193 Check-Out Dec 23193
MAIN Out Sheets Dec 23193
Dec 23193
5.13. Failure of 5.13.112 Dee 23193 6.4. Fire it1 Dcc 23193
viceTank Float Maill Gearbox. Dee 23193
Valve Auxiliary Power Dec 23193
5.14. Failure of
Hydraulic System
5.14.1
5.14.2
Dec 23193
Dec 23/93
Unit BCY. KO-
Heater
tlnent
Dec 23/93
Dec23n3
Dec 23193
I
Dec 21/93
5.15. Failure of 5.15.1 Dec 23/93 Dec 23193
Gyro Horizon 5.15.2 Dec 23/93
5.1 5.314 Dec 23193 Dec 23193
5.19. Ground
nance
5.20. Low-Fre-
I 5.19.1
5.19.2
5.20.1
I Dee 23193
Dec 23193
Dec 23193
6.7. Flinlit with
One Engine 111-
operative
Dec 23193
Dec 23193
Dee 23193
Dec 23193
Dec 23193
quency Oscilla- 5.20.2 Dec 23193 Dee 23193
tions of Helicoo- Dec 23193
ter in Flight Dec 23193
6.8. Flight with Dec 23193
All Generators Dec 23193
Inoperative Dec 23193
6.9. Emergency 6.9.1 Dec 23/93 7.3. Takeoff 7.3.1 Dec 23193
La~ldi~lg 6.9.2 Dec 23/93 7.3.2 Dec 23/93
6.9.3 Dec 23/93
6.9.4 Dec 23193 7.4. Climb 7.4.1 Dec 23/93
7.4.2 Dec 23193
6.10. Ditching 6.10.1 Dec 23193
6.10.2 Dec 23193 7.5. Cruising 7.5.1 Dec 23193
6.10.3 Dec 23/93 Flight 7.5.2 Dec 23/93
6.10.4 Dec 23193 7.5.3 Dec 23193
6.10.516 Dec 23193 7.5.4 Dec 23193
7.5.5 Dec 23193
6.1 1. External Store 6.1 1.112 Dec 23193 7.5.6 Dec 23193
Emergency Release
7.6. Descent 7.6.112 Dec 23/93
6.12. "Vortcx-Ring" 6.12.1 Dec 23193
State 6.12.2 Dec 23193 7.7. Approach 7.7.112 Dec 23193
and Landing
6.13. Failure of Di- 6.13.1 Dec 23193
1.ectiona1Control 6.13.2 Dec 23193 7.8. Operational 7.8.112 Dec 23193
ill Flight 6.13.3 Dec 23193 Limits
6.13.4 Dec 23193
6.13.516 Dec 23/93 7.9. Position 7.9.112 Dec 23/93
Error Correc-
6.14. Occurrence of 6.14.1 Dec 23193 tio~~s
Low- Frequency 6.14.2 Dec 23/93
Vertical Oscillatio~ls 7.10. Helicopter 7.10.1 Dec 23193
Control Fea- 7.10.2 Dec 23193
Title Page of tures 7.10.3 Dec 23193
Section 7 7.10.4 Dec 23193
7.10.5 Dec 23193
Cotltet?tsof 112 Dec 23/93 7.10.6 Dec 23193
Section 7 7.10.7 Dec 23193
7.10.8 Dec 23193
7.1. Basic Charac- 7.1.1 Dec 23193 7.10.9 Dee 23193
teristic 7.1.2 Dec 23193 7.10.10 Dec 23193
7.1.3 Dec 23/93
7.1.4 Dec 23193 7.1 1. Nomo- 7.11.1 Dec 23193
7.2. Su~n~ilaryof 7.2.112 Dec 23193 graphs, Graphs 7.1 1.2 Dec 23193
i
Characteristic 7.11.3 Dec 23/93
Speeds i 7.11.4 Dec 23193
GENERAL CONTENTS
Page
Section 1. SERVICE 1.1. Foreword .......................... 1.1
INFORMATION 1.2. Purpose of Flight Manual . . . . . . . . . . 1.2
1.3. Flight Manual Holder's Duties ..... 1.3
1.4. Usage of Symbols and Abbreviations. 1.4
1.5. Revision System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5
1.6. Usage of Checklists and Procedures. 1.6
.
General Contents Dec 23/93
7 FLIGHT MANUAL
GENERAL CONTENTS - Book One
Page
Flights for Dropping Cargoes
and Parachutists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 a . l l . l
Section 5. ABNORMAL 5.1 General Instructions on Actions
PROCEDURES to Be Taken by Crew Members in
Adverse Situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 . 1 . 1
Adverse Situation Check-Out
Sheets ... . . . . . . . ....
, , , , . . . . . 5.2.1
Rules for Use of Adverse
Situation Check-Out Sheets . . . . . . 5 . 2 . 9
Flight with Failed Engine
Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 . 3 . 1
Danger (Excessive) Vibration
of Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 . 4 . 1
Drop of Oil Pressure in Engine . . 5 . 5 . 1
Oil Temperature Rise or
Appearance of Metal Chips in
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 . 6 . 1
Failure of Engine Temperature
Regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 . 7 . 1
Troubles of Gearboxes . . . . . . . . . . . 5 . 8 . 1
Failure of Service Tank Booster
Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 . 9 . 1 / 2
Failure of Transfer Pumps . . . . . . . . 5 . 1 0 . 1
Clogging of Fuel Filter . . . . . . . . . - 5 . 1 1 . 1
Illumination of 2 7 0 - 1 FUEL
REMAIN Annunciator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 . 1 2 . 1
Failure of Service Tank Float
Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 . 1 3 . 1 / 2
Failure of Main Hydraulic
System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 . 1 4 . 1
Failure of Main Gyro Horizon . . . . 5 . 1 5 . 1
Failure of Two Gyro Horizons . . . . 5 . 1 6 . 1
Failure of Roll Monitoring
Unit FIN-18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 . 1 7 . 1 / 2
Failure of Two Speed Indicators 5.18.1
Ground Resonance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 . 1 9 . 1
Low-Frequency Oscillations of
Helicopter in Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 . 2 0 . 1
Generol C o n t e n t s
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
GENERAL CONTENTS . Book One
Page
Section 6 . 6.1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 . 1 . 1
EMERGENCIES
6.2. Emergency Check-Out Sheets . . . . . . 6.2.1
6.3. Rules for Use of Emergency
Check-Out Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3.1
Fire in Engine. Main Gearbox.
Auxilia.ry Power Unit BCY.
K O - 5 0 Heater Compartments . . . . . . . 6 . 4 . 1
Fire in Ca.rgo Compartment . . . . . . . 6 . 5 . 1
Failure of Two Engines in
Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 . 6 . 1
Plight with. One Engine
inoperative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 . 7 . 1
Flight with All Generators . . . . . . .
Inoperative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8.1
Emergency Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . 9 . 1
Ditching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.10.1
External Store Emergency
Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.11.112
"Vortex-Ring" State . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . 1 2 . 1
Failure of Directional Control
in Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.13.1
Occurrence of Low-Frequency
Vertical Oscillations . . . . . . . . . . .
Section 7 . Basic Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PERFORMANCE Summary of Characteristic
Speeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Climb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cruising Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Descent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Approach and Landing . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operational Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Position Error Corrections
Helicopter Control Features . . . . .
Nomographs. Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(cont'd)
General Contents
4 Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
GENERAL CONTENTS . Book TWO
Page
Book 2
Section 8 8.1. Main Dimensional Data of
OPERATION OF Helicopter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1.1
HELICOPTER SYSTEMS 8.2. Engine. Its Systems and
AND EQUIPMENT Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2.1
8.3. Auxiliary Power Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3.1
8.4. Fuel System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4.1
8.5. Hydraulic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5.1
8.6. Pneumatic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6.1
8.7. Electrical Power System . . . . . . . . . 8.7.1
8.8. Helicopter Flight Controls . . . . . . 8.8.1
8.9. Landing Gear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8.9.1
8.10. Fire Protection System . . . . . . . . . . 8.10.1
8.11. Heating and Ventilation System . . 8.11.1
8.12. Ice-Protection System . . . . . . . . . . . 8.12.1
8.13. Oxygen Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.13.1
8.14. Radio Navigation Equipment . . . . . . 8.14.1
8.15. Communications Equipment . . . . . . . . 8.15.1
8.16. Flight and Navigation Equipment 8.16.1
8.17. Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.17.1
8.18. Instruments and Instrument System 8.18.1
8.19. Flight Data Recording . . . . . . . . . . . 8.19.1
8.20. External Load Sling System . . . . . . 8.20.1
8.21. Air-Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.21.1
8.22. Dust Protection Device . . . . . . . . . . 8.22.1
8.23. Main Rotor Limit Speed Warning
Unit FCr0-400A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.23.1/2
Weighing Device .................. 8.24.1
~~~i~ment/Furnishings ............ 8.25.1
Appendices Instructions for Ground Crew
Which Preparing Loads for
Transportation by External
Load Sling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1.1
Instructions on Application
of Device for Lowering People
and Stores from Helicopter . . . . . . 9.2.1
General Contents
Dec 23/93 5
FLIGHT MANUAL
GENERAL CONTENTS - Book Two
Page
9.3. Elimination of Out-of-Track
Condition of Main Rotor Blades . . 9.3.1
9.4. Instructions on Helicopter
Fueling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.4.1
9.5. Summary Checklist for Crew . . . . . . 9.5.1
9.6. Measuring Helicopter Rotor
Thrust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6.1
9.7. Reference Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7.1/2
- 000 -
Ceneral Contents
Dec 23/93
6
I3 FLIGHT MANUAL
Fi
SERVICE INFORMATION - Contents
S e c t i o n 1
SERVICE INFORMATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page
1.1. Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1
1.2. Purpose of Flight Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2
1.3. Flight Manual Holder's Duties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3
1.4. Usage of Symbols and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . 4
1 . 5 . Revision System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5
1.6. Usage of Checklists and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6
- 000 -
Contents
Dec 23/93 1.1/2
FLIGHT MANUAL
SERVICE INFORMATION - Foreword
1.1. FOREWORD
9. Appendices.
- 000 -
Dec 23/93 1.1
FLIGHT MANUAL
SERVICE INFORMATION - Purpose of Flight Manual
1.2.1. The helicopter Flight Manual is the basic flight and tech-
nical document which determines and specifies the parti-
cular flight operation rules and piloting technique for
the given type of helicopter, with the helicopter flying
peculiarities taken into account.
1.3.2. The Flight Manual holder is responsible for the timely and
correct entry of all revisions and amendments in the
Manual in compliance with the established procedure (refer
to Sub-section 1.5).
1.3.3. The helicopter commander bears the responsibility for
timely obtaining the necessary information both in flight
and on the ground.
- 000 -
Dec 23/93 1.3
FLIGHT MANUAL
SERVICE INFORMATION - Usage of Symbols and Abbreviations
1.4.1. The symbols are intended for easy finding and determining
the nature and content of the revisions and amendments
introduced into the Flight Manual.
AC - aircraft commander;
ADF - automatic direction finder;
AMB - aircraft maintenance base;
APU - auxiliary power unit;
AS1 - airspeed indicator;
ATC - air traffic control;
CA - civil aviation:
CB - circuit breaker;
CCI - combined course indicator;
CP - co-pilot;
CS - compass system;
DA - drift angle;
DH - decision height;
(cont'd)
- 000 -
GENERAL OPERATIONAL
LIMITATIONS
M FLIGHT MANUAL
a5 GENERAL OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS - Contents
S e c t i o n 2
GENERAL OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
2.1. Helicopter Category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1
2.2. General Limitations of Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . 2.2
2.3. Minimum Crew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5
2.4. Maximum Number of Occupants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6
2.5. General Flight Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7
2.6. Systems and Equipment Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.15
- 000 -
Contents
Dec 23/93 2.1/2
FLIGHT MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS - Helicopter Category
Minima
(cont'd)
2.2 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS - General Limitations
of Operating Conditions
2.2.3.3. The takeoff and landing minima when flying the helicopter
by the instrument flight rules:
visibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 m
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 2.3
FLIGHT MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS - General Limitations
of Operating Conditions
- 000 -
2.4 Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS - Minimum Crew
2.3.2. In performing the flights with the external store, the flight
mechanic does the work of the flight operator.
- 000 -
Dec 2 3 / 9 8 2.5
FLIGHT MANUAL 3x,
GENERAL OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS - Maximum Number of Occupants
- 000 -
(cont'd)
Dec 23/93 2.7
FLIGHTMANUAL
GENERAL OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS - General Fliqht Limitations
2.5.3.1. During the flight at the transient power settings, the main
rotor speed may be increased for a short time not exceeding
20 s:
2.5.3.2. During the flight, the main rotor speed may be decreased
for a short time:
2.5.3.3. The main rotor speed at which the generators are automati-
cally switched off is less than 88 % .
(cont' d )
2.8 Dec 08/05
FLIGHT MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATION= LIMITATIONS - General Flight Limitations
Notes: 1. With the normal takeoff mass and aft center of gravity (with the colnmon
center of gravity of the cargo being carried positioned opposite the red arrow
on the cargo compartment starboard), the maximum flying airspeed is limited
up to 240 kmlh.
2. With the flight mass exceeding the normal one for the helicopter with minus
center of gravity, the maximum climb speed is limited to 220 kmlh.
2.5.4.2. It is allowed to perform the vertical descent and power-on glide at the speeds less than 40
kmlh, with the vertical velocity not exceeding 4 mls.
2.5.5.1. The maximum rate of hovering turn should not exceed 12 degls. In this case, the pedal
reversal time in changing the hovering turn direction should be at least 3 s.
2.5.5.2. At the wind velocity more than 10 mls, the 360-degree turns are intolerable.
2.5.5.3. It is allowed to perform the turns and 360-degree banked turns at the roll angles not
exceeding:
(a) 15 deg, throughout the entire range of airspeeds and flight masses of the helicopter
in the IFR conditions
(cont'd
Sept 09104 2.9
FLIGHT MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS - General Flight Limitations
and at night and also when flying with the external store, in the extreme turbule~lceconditions, with
one engine operating, in the main rotor autorotation mode and at altitudes over 3000 m;
I
I (b) 30 deg, while flying as per VFR, at the flight airspeeds up to 250 kmlh, with the normal flight mass
amounting to 11 100 kg and less, at the altitudes ranging from 50 to 3000 In.
It is allowed to perform the euergetic turns (in case of necessity) with the angles of roll amouilting
up to 45 deg., while flying as per VFR at the altitudes of 50 to 1000 m, with the helicopter flight
mass 11 100 kg and less, at the airspeeds ranging from 100 to 200 kmlh.
When performing the banked turns and turns at the altitudes up to 50 111over the relief, the tolerable
angle of roll in value is numerically equal to the flight altitude (i.e. at the altitudeof 10 m - 10 deg,
20 m - 20 deg, 30 111- 30 deg ), but in all cases it should not exceed 45 deg;
1 (c) 20 deg, while flying as per VFR, at the airspeeds up to 250 kmlh, with the flight mass over 11 100
kg., with the altitudes ranging from 50 m to 3000 m.
1 2.5.5.4. Pitch angles
I Maximum allowed angles of pitch for nose-up pitching and diving.. ........................
.20 deg.
Due to the absence of accelerometer at the helicopter, the maximum rate of pitch angle measurement
should not exceed:
I1 -
-
at airspeeds over 200 kmih.. ........................................................
more than 3 deglsec
Note. The pressure altitudes specified in the Flight Manual text, table and figures are valid for the
standard conditions.
(cont'd)
2.10 Sept 09104
FLIGHT MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS - General Flight Limitations
2 . 5 . 7 . 2 . The taxiing speed in the day time and at night Should not
exceed 30 km/h.
2.5.8.1. The minimum dimensions of the landing pads for no-run take-
off and landing without the use of ground effect are
21x17 m .
2.5.8.2. The minimum dimensions of the landing pads for non-run take-
off and landing in the ground effect and for takeoff and
landing with run and roll are indicated in the Table 2.2
given below. The dimensions of the stopways and shoulders
should be at least 5 m.
I I I
Pressure alti-
tude, m For no-run takeoff For takeoff and
and landing in landing with run
ground effect and roll
(cont'd)
2 . 5 . 8 . 4 . . The air approach legs (L1 and L2) (Fig. 2.1.3) as well as the
slopes of the obstacle limitation conventional plane (tgel,
tg02, tgp) are:
- for the non-run takeoff and landing without the use of the
ground effect: L1 = 15, Lz = 300/150 m) in the direction of
the landing pad longitudinal or cross center line,
respectively), tgel = 1/10, tge2 = 1/2, tgP1 = 1/10, tgP2 = 1/1;
- for the non-run takeoff and landing in the ground effect and
takeoff and landing with run and roll:
2 . 5 . 8 . 5 . The no-run landing and takeoff without shutting down the en-
gines are tolerable on the pad having the following slope
(gradient):
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 2.13
FLIGHT MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS - General Flight Limitations
The maximum slope values of the pad for performing the no-
run takeoff and landing, with the engines shut down, should
not exceed 3 deg.
2.5.8.6. The landing pad working area should have the underlying surface
strength at least 3 kgf/cm2; in this case, the height of the
working area surface roughness should not exceed 0.1 m.
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
2.16
FLIGHT MANUAL
GENERAL OPEEATIONAL LIMITATIONS - General Flight Limitations
(cont'd)
Dec 23/93
GENERAL OPERATIONAL LIhlITATIONS - General Plight Limitations
A-A
- 000 -
Dec 23/93
2.18
Section 3
Section 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
3.1. Calculation of Flight Data .................... 3.1.1
3.1.1. General ....................................... 3.1.1
3.1.2. Initial Data on Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.1
3.1.3. Selection of Flight Level and Optimum Flight
Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.L.1
.. ,
3.1.4. Determination of Required Quantity of Fuel. . . . . 1. j . 3
3.1.5. Determination of Maximum Permissible Takeoff
Mass of Helicopter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.5
3.1.6. Determination of Maximum Permissible Landing
Mass of Helicopter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.8
3.1.7. Determination of Payload ...................... 3.,.9
3.1.8. Final Calculation of Helicopter Takeoff Mass . . . 3.1. i l
3.1.9. Calculation of Time, Track and Fuel Consumption
at Flight Stages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.11
Calculation of Return Boundary ................ 3.1.2'~
Calculation of Helicopter Center of Gravity . 3.1.23/24
Nomographs, Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.2?;/?4
Pre-Flight Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.:.
General ...................................... 3.2.,
Helicopter External Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.9
Preparation of Engines for Starting . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.:1.9
Preparation for Taxiing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.22
-000 -
Dec 23/93 Contei?t.:j
3 . 3. / ?:
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data
3.1.1. General
Before each flight, the crew must carry out the flight cal-
culation which includes the following procedures:
- reception of the initial data for calculation;
- determination of the optimum flight level and airspeed;
- determination of the required quantity of fuel;
- determination of the maximum permissible mass of the heli-
copter for takeoff and landing;
- calculation of the helicopter center of gravity;
- determination of the payload;
-determination of the time, track and fuel consumption at
the flight stages;
- calculation of the return boundary.
3.1.2. Initial Data on Calculation
(coi~t'd)
Table 3 . 1 . 1
Fuel tanks
3.1. A Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data
(cont'd)
In all cases, the limit mass should not exceed the helicop-
ter maximum takeoff mass - 13,000 kg.
Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data
(a) if the height of the pad planned for landing the heli-
copter is equal to the height of the airfield of depar-
(b) if the takeoff and landing pads have the different ele-
vations, the outside temperature variation is estimated
in accordance with the International Standard Atmosphere
(the temperature drops by 6 . 5 OC for every 1000 m of the
height increase).
3.1 . I .1. Payload mass value mp/l if it is not specified by the flight
conditions, is determined from the formula:
Table 3 . 1 . 2
II I
Characteristics of masses in kg with
respect to variants of employment:
Name of mass
with
cargo
located
with ex-
store
with:
ternal carried
people with
Ferrying
helicopter
with
1
inside one ad. two a d -
fuselage ditiona ditio-
tank na 1
tanks
*
I The helicopter mass is specified in the helicopter log book. I
(cont'd)
3.1.10 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
59 FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
500
100
Decelera-
tion
Hovering
Table 3 . 1 . 5
Table 3 . 1 . 6
I I I I I I
3.1.14 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
64
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data
th.f =
Lh.f (3.1.5)
+U e
Vtrue -
where: Vtrue is the true airspeed of the flight;
(cont 'dl
3.1.16 Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data
Vind, km/h 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240
In this case, the mean flight mass for determining the fuel
consumption per kilometer is taken with due account of the
external store mass.
the fuel consumption and time for the takeoff and cargo
attachment - 60 k g , 4 minutes;
Table 3 . 1 . 8
(cont ' d l
3.1.20 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
69
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 3.1.21
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data
V , kmlh 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260
7-30 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.8 2.1 2.5 2.9
(cont'd)
(cont' d)
Dec 23/93 3.1.23/24
*qj/?q FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT . Calculationof Flight Data. Nomographs. Graphs
Deo 23/93
3 5/?6 FLXGICT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
3.1.2'7,'2S
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
(cont'dt
Dec 23/93
3.1.29/30
?9 FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOX FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomoaraahs, G r a ~ h s
Dec 23/93
3.1.31
F L I G H T MANUAL YO
PREPARATION FOR FLIGIIT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
Dec 23/93
8/ PLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATlOS I'OK FLIGIII' - 1 1 I Flight D a t a , Nornographs. Graphs
-
Nomograph for Determining Maximum Permissible Takeoff Mass of
Helicopter Allowing Climb, with Va 0.8 m/s, at Optimum Speed
and Altitude Exceeding Takeoff Pad Elevation by 300 m, in Case
of Failure of One Engine and Operation of Other Engine at
Emergency Power Setting (Dust Protection Device Is Installed
and Switched Off
Figure 3.1.6
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
-3.1.33
FLIGHT MANUAL 82
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - C a l c u l a t i o n of F l i g h t D a t a , Nomographs, Graphs
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
3.1.34.
83 FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGIIT - Calculation of F l i ~ h tData, Nomographs, Graphs
(cont'd)
Dec 23/93
3.2.. 25
FLIGHT MANUAL 8Y
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
(cont'd)
Dec 23/93
3.1.36
85 FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
(cont'd'l
FLIGIfT MANUAL 86
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
Lop, km
ljD0 ~ I S A; mfg for 30-min fIighf sf fT
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
3.1.35
87 FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
:;.1.>9
FLIGlIT MANUAL 8,3
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of F l i g h t Data, N o m o g r a p h s , G r a p h s
(cotit'dl
Dec 23/93
3.1.40
89 FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
(cont'd)
Dec 23/93
.
?.. ?. ,!2.
PLIGHT MANUAL $0
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
3.1.42
91 FLIGHT MANUAL
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
PLIGHT MANUAL 3%
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - C a l c u l a t i o n of F l i g h t Data, N o m o g r a p h s , G r a p h s
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
;.1,ci
. FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT -'~ a i l c u l a t i o nof P l i g h t Data, Nornographs , Graphs
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
3.1.46
94' FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR PLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
3.1.47
PLIGHT MANUAL 96
PREPARATION FOR FLIGliT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
(cont'dt
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
3.1.48
91 FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flizht Data, Nomo~ravhs.Gravhs
(cont'd)
FLIGHT MANUAL 38
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation o f Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
3.1.50
29 FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
MH)
500
COO
0 200
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
3.1.52
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 ., -
,.I.;.,
..*
PLIGIfT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLlGliT - ( . 3 ? ~ ~ 1 3 1 1 0 of
1 1 Fllgl~t D a t a , Nomographs, Graphs
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGIIT hlANUAL {OY
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - C a l c u l a t i o n of F l i g h t Data, Nomographs, Graphs
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 -,
.re...
. 2--!
FLIGHT MANUAL t190
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
(cont'd)
Dec 23/93
3.1.50
'(OF FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Fliaht Data, Nomoaraphs, G r a ~ h s
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
3.1.60
/V FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Ncmographs, Graphs
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Calculation of Flight Data, Nomographs, Graphs
- 000 -
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
3.1.62
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Pre-Flight Check
3.2.1. General
- external inspection;
(c) check to see that the helicopter is filled with fuel and
oil in compliance with the flying mission, the fuel
sediment is drained from the tanks;
(dl make sure that the chocks are placed under the landing
gear wheels and no foreign objects are present in the
vicinity of the helicopter;
Main and tail rotors Check the rotor blades for condition,
make sure that they are not damaged,
free from frozen snow, ice, hoarfrost
Engines Check :
- for absence of foreign objects;
- the cowls for intactness and cowl
locks for serviceability;
- for absence of oil and fuel leakages
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 3.2.3
FLXGIIT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Pre-Flight Check
Glazing of the flight Make sure that they are not damag-
compartment nose sec- ed, free to open and close.
tion, movable blisters, Open them for inspection and close them
doors, stairways, emer- after inspection
gency exit cover pro-
vided in the cargo com-
partment door, cowls of
the engines, main gear-
box
Slip covers, blanks for Make sure that they are removed.
the inlets of engines, Inspect the pitot-static tubes, check
fan, exhaust pipes, them forproper attachment and their
pitot-static tubes openings for cleanliness
Fuselage Check:
- the skin for being free from damage;
- the compartment glazing for condition;
- the windshield wipers for proper at-
tachment and mating contact;
- the antennae for proper attachment and
the fairings for intactness;
- for absence of leakage of fuel and oil
AMI' ;
- the glasses of the external lighting
and warning systems for intactness;
- to see that the grounding cable is
removed
1 Main rotor hub Inspect the main rotor hub and make
certain that the visible damage is a b -
Units and pipelines of Check to see that the units and pipelines
the engine fuel and oil are free from physical damage, fuel and
systems oil leakages. Drain 1.5 to 2 1 of fuel
sediment through the fuel tank drain
valves
I
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 3.2.7
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Pre-Flight Check
(cont'd)
(cont 'dl
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 3.2.9
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Pre-Flight Check
Separate throttle cont- Check the levers and valves for their
rol levers and engine smooth travel. Set the levers to the
shutdown valves neutral position and catch them, set
the engine shutdown valves to the CLOSED
(SAKPbITO) position
(contId)
Dec 23/93 3.2.11
FLIGHTMANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Pre-Flight Check
Fire detection system Check the fire detection system for ser-
viceability
Command radio set Switch on the radio set and check it for
proper functioning
Communication radio set Issue the command to the co-pilot to
switch on and check the communication
radio set.
TREVOGA (ALERT) system Give a command to the co-pilot to check
the system for proper functioning
(cont'd)
3.2.12 Dec.23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Pre-Flight Check
(a) receive the cargo and shipping documents aboard the he-
licopter;
(b) supervise the loading and check the total mass of cargo
(by reference to the shipping documents), arrangement of
the cargo with allowance for the tolerable centers of
gravity and loads on the cargo compartment floor;
(cont'd)
Fuel quantity gauge Check the fuel quantity gauge for ser-
viceability, determine the total fuel
quantity in the tanks and report the
matter to the helicopter commander
Instrument error correc- Check to see that the charts are avail-
tion charts able
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Pre-Flight Check
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 3.2.3.7
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Pre-Flight Check
Airborne flight data re- Set the flight data recorder system to
corder system the MAN (PYYH.) position
I
Order the ground personnel to remove
the chocks
Wheel brakes
Collective pitch lever
Make sure that the brake lever is locked
Make sure that the lever is set in the
I
lower position against the stop, the
left-hand rotation of the throttle cont-
rol twist grip is available
Separate throttle cont- Make sure that the levers are locked in
rol levers the middle position
/ Control stick Make sure that the control stick is
placed in the position close to the
neutral one
Engine shutdown levers Make sure that the engine shutdown le-
vers are placed in the CLOSED (3AKPbITO)
position
Function selector switch Set the switch to the START (3AIlYCK)
position
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 3.2.19
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Pre-Flight Check
(cont'd)
- -
3.2.20 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Pre-Flight Check
To be inspected
Engines
Operations performed
Perform the operations as directed in Item 8.2
I
of the present Flight Manual
(d) The engines are warmed up and tested, with the dust
pro-
tection devices being switched on, and when the outside
air temperature is +5 O C and below, the dust protection
device heater is cut in as well.
(e) While warming up the engines, the crew checks the heli-
copter systems and equipment for serviceability in com-
pliance with the directions laid down in Section 8 of
the present Flight Manual.
To be inspected
Engines
Operations performed
(cont'd)
3.2.22 Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Pre-Flight Check
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 3.2.23
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT - Pre-Flight Check
Doppler sensor AMCC Make sure that the grivation is set, the
coordinate indicators counters are
zeroed
Automatic direction Make sure that the relative bearing
finder APK pointers read the direction to the hom-
ing radio station (locator beacon)
System PCAH (A-723) Make sure that the initial data are
introduced for the first leg of the
route
Control stick in the Set the control stick to the FLIGHT
FLIGHT position position
Blister Close the blister, make certain that
the FLIGHT annunciator illuminates
Check-out sheet section Perform the respective operations and
"Preparation f o r Taxi- report the helicopter readiness for
ing-Out" taxiing-out
System 3PH (electronic Make sure that the EPR system is switched
pressure regulator), YP on, extreme power is selected
(extreme power)
Red and yellow annun- Make sure that they are dead
ciators
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 3.2.25
FLIGHT MANUAL
PREPARATION FORFLIGHT -Pre-Flight Check
S e c t i o n 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
TAXIING
General
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 : 4.1.1
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES -
Taxiing
4.1.2 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
.-793 FLIGHT MANUAL
194
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Taxiing
-
-000-
Dec 23/93 4.1.3/4
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Takeoff and Low-Altitude Flight
4.2.1. General
4 . 2 . 1 . 1 . The following types of helicopter takeoff are possible:
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.2.1
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Takeoff and Low-Altitude Flight
If necessary, set the preset main rotor speed with the aid
of the resetting switch;
One should bear in mind that the takeoff power gained by the
engines is determined by decreasing the main rotor speed,
when moving the collective pitch control lever upward, from
95 X down to 92 to 9 4 % and the engine turbocompressor speed
corresponding to the takeoff power at the given ambient air
temperature, in accordance with the graph presented in Fig.
8.2.3 of the present Flight Manual. Besides, the takeoff
power gain is checked by the crew by reference to the power
indicator.
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.2.3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Takeoff and Low-Altitude Flight
&-&. When moving the right pedal forward (the right turn),
the main rotor speed decreases for a short time, the
helicopter descends. When moving the left pedal for-
ward, the helicopter has the tendency to climb. In
this case, .maintain the altitude by the respective
deflection of the main rotor collective pitch control
lever.
4.2.2.5. The helicopter hops and movements at the low altitude near
the ground are performed when the ground state does not
allow the helicopter taxiing and also when performing the
special operations and for the purpose of training.
- take the wind velocity and direction near the ground into
account. With the wind velocity amounting to 1 0 m/s, the
hovering movement may be performed in any direction with
(cont'd)
4.2.4 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
;Y/B FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES -Takeoff and Low-Altitude Flight
4.2.4.1. The no-run takeoff with acceleration without the ground ef-
fect is performed when the obstacles in the takeoff direc-
tion do not allow the helicopter acceleration in the ground
effect and when the helicopter carries the external store.
The helicopter takeoff mass should ensure the hovering
without the ground effect; it is predetermined by the
nomograph presented in Figs 3.1.1 and 3 . 1 . 2 .
(cont'd)
4.2.6 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
f.f-1 FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Takeoff and Low-Altitude Flight
4.2.5.1. The short takeoff is performed when the helicopter, having the
mass not exceeding the maximum permissible one for the actual
conditions and method of takeoff, steadily hovers at the
altitude at least 10 m from the ground to the landing gear
wheels, at the engine power up to the takeoff one.
The maximum permissible takeoff mass of the helicopter for
the short takeoff is determined as directed in Item 3.1.5.4
of the present Flight Manual.
(cont'd)
After flying over the obstacles (but at the altitude not less
than 20 m), it is necessary to accelerate the helicopter to'
an airspeed of 120 km/h.
4.3. CLIMB
4.3.1. General
4 . 3 . 1 . 1 . The climb (to the assigned flight level) is performed in ac-
cordance with the traffic pattern established for the given
airfield.
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.3.1
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Climb
I Set
Heading, airspeed and
altitude according to
the traffic pattern (di-
I
rections of the air
traffic controller)
4.3.2 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Climb
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.3.3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Climb
4.3.4 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Climb
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.3.5/6
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Cruisinq Fliqht
4.4.1. General
4.4.1.1. During the level flight, the crew should perform the ope-
rations relating to the monitoring and control of the power
plant, systems and equipment of the helicopter, specified
in Section 8 for the cruising flight.
4.4.2.1. Depending on the flight mass and altitude, the level flight
is performed within the range of airspeeds indicated in
Section 7. Maintain the flight altitude above 2700 m,
taking into account the airborne altimeter table data.
Make the turns and 360 turns at the roll angles indicated
in Section 2.
(cont'd)
Nov 18/04 4.4.1
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Cruisinq Flight
4.4.2.4. For transition from the level flight to the climb, gra-
dually deflect the collective pitch control lever to set
the assigned rate of vertical climb and use the control
stick to set the required flight airspeed.
For transition from the level flight to the descent, de-
flect the collective pitch control lever down till the as-
signed rate of vertical descent is obtained and use the
control stick to set the assigned flight airspeed.
(c011t'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.4.3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Cruising Flight
4.5. DESCENT
4.5.1. General
4.5.1.2. The power-on slope descent is the main type of descent and
is performed in accordance with the established pattern at
the given airfield or by the instruction of the air traffic
controller.
4.5.1.3. Before descent, the crew should perform all the operations
indicated in the "Before Descent" checklist and "Before
Descent" section of the check-out sheet.
(cont'd)
Dec 23/93 4.5.1
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Descent
Calculated takeoff mass, center of Receive the report from the co-
gravity and amount of remaining pilot about the calculation
results
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.5.3
FLIGHT MANUAL (23
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Descent
4.5.4 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Descent
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.5.5
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Descent
Switch off the ice protection system of the main and tail
rotors on a lapse of 2 to 3 minutes after leaving the
icing area. At the outside air temperature of +5 OC and
below and also when flying the helicopter in the IFR con-
ditions, it is necessary to switch off the ice protection
system of the dust protection device and engines, the
heating system of the pitot-static tube and flight
compartment glazing after taxiing-.in for parking.
- 000-
Dec 23/93 4.5.7/8
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES -
Landing Approach
LANDING APPROACH
General
Pilotinp Techniaue
General
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.6.1
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Landing Approach
In this case:
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.6.5
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Landing Approach
4.6.2.3. During the approach and IFR flying, the pilot's attention
is distributed as follows:
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Landing Approach
- use the ANT L (or ANT R) (AHT. JI. (HI) button to deflect
the indicator pointer to the left or to the right from
the bearing position and make certain that when the
button is released, the pointer returns to the previous
position :
( c o n t 'dl
GO-around Hrtf
%=%,design Va'i&,des,sn
A Hcr
HLOM
-
I
i
LMM ,
4.7. LANDING
4.7.1. General
4.7.1.1. The following types of landing are possible for the heli-
copter:
4.7.1.2. Depending on the location and nature of the pad (the pad
dimensions, state of the ground, height of obstacles in
the approach areas and the pad height) as well as the
landing mass and weather conditions near the ground, the
helicopter commander determines the method of landing.
4.7.1.5. For all types of landing, with the exception of the no-run
landing out of the ground effect, with a view of
increasing the landing safety in case of failure of an
engine, it is necessary to decrease the forward speed
(decelerate the helicopter so that the speed amounts to 20
to 40 km/h at the altitude of 3 to 1 0 m , respectively.
4.7.2 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - LANDING
(cont' d)
Dec 23/93 4.7.3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - LANDING
(cont'd)
4.7.4 Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Landing
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.7.5
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Landing
I To be inspected
I Operations performed
I
Electric power consumers To be switched off
Dust protection device To be switched off
Flight data recorder BYP-1-2 To be set to the ON position
Stopwatch To be switched off
Seat belt To be unfastened
Heater KO-50 To be switched off
Pilot-static tube heater To be switched off
Hydraulic systems The auxiliary hydraulic system is
switched off
Ice protection system of main and To be switched off
tail rotors, glass panels
Flashing light To be switched off
(cont' d)
4.7.8 Dec 23/93
F L I G H T W A N U A L
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Landinp
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.7.9/10
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Check-Out Sheet
CHECK-OUT SHEET
General
4.8.1.7. Flight stage to. start reading the check-out sheet sec-
tions:
4.8.2 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Check-Out Sheet
(7
(8)
(9
(10)
(11)
(12)
.
Starting and system
circuit breakers
Flight papers, keys,
blanks
Takeoff data
To be checked
I
4.8.4 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Check-Out Sheet
(cont'd)
(6)
I
1
Hydraulic systems
Radio sets
Switched on,
serviceable
Switched on,
l 1 / 1
checked
(cont'd)
(cont ' d )
(coi~t'd)
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.8" 9
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Check-Out Sheet
Approach pattern
Mass, center-of-
gravity location
Acquainted
center-of-
gravity . . .
(cont'd)
1
Mass . . . kg,
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.8.11
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Check-Out Sheet
r;-
-
Altitude
of 60 m
Remaining fuel at
decision altitude
I Compass system
Dust protection de-
vice
Landing heading
on compass indica-
( c o n t 'dl
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.8-13
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Check-Out Sheet
Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Check-Out Sheet
(5) The tail rotor pitch limit system - switched on, ser-
viceable - the helicopter commander
(cont'd)
(cont'd)
4.8.22 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Check-Out Sheet
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.8.23
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Check-Out Sheet
(12) Ground speed drift meter ARCC - ON, ready for use -
the.co-pilot
( c o n t 'dl
4.8.24 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Check-Out Sheet
(cont'd)
4.8.26 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - Check-Out Sheet
(cont'd)
(cont'd)
(cont'd)
- 000 -
Dec 23/93 4.8.33/34
FLIGHT MANUAL
NORMAL PROCEDURES - List of Acceptable Failures
control uni
co-121
3. Illuminatio To desti- Same
of MR IPS nation
FAIL (OTKA3 airfield
IIOC HB) an-
nunciator
4. Failure of To desti- Same
dust protec nation
tion device airfield
ice protec-
tion system
(to be
checked by
current)
Electric 1. Failure of To desti- It is ne-
equipment warning nation cessary to
lamps of airfield intensify
generator watch on
failure operation
of genera-
tors by re-
ference to
ammeter
2. Failure of To desti- With emerg-
common nation ency light-
lighting airfield ing system
system of being ser-
flight and viceable
cargo com-
partments
3. Failure of To desti- Only in
red light- nation day time
ing system airfield
ber of ments or
failed conditions
units
4. Some lamps To base When ade-
of red airfield quate vi-
lighting sibility of
faulty instruments
required
for per-
forming
flight mis-
sion is
provided
5. Failure of 1 To base With one
one landing airfield landing
lamp lamp being
serviceable
6. Failure of To base Only in day
navigation airfield time
lights
7. Failure of 2 To base With navi-
flashing airfield gation
lights lights
being
serviceable
3 Flight-cont- 1. Airspeed in- 1 To desti- With heli-
rol and na- dicator nation copter com-
vigation YC-45OK airfield mander ' s
equipment airspeed
indicator
and ground
speed and
drift meter
AHCC being
serviceable
2. Rate of 1 To desti- With heli-
climb indi- nation copter
cator BAP- airfield commander's
-3OMK rate-of-
( c o n t 'dl
Additional
require-
ments or
conditions
I climb indi-
cator being
I
serviceable
With heli-
copter
commander's
altimeter
being
serviceable
I With ground I
speed and
drift meter
AHCC being
serviceable
When flight
mission
does not
require use
of automa-
tic direc-
tion finder
APK-YA
With cont--
I rol and
I
(cont'd)
being ser-
viceable
1 4 . Command 1 To desti- With one
radio set nation of radio
" BAKLAN " airfield sets being
(EAICJIAH) serviceable
- 000 -
Dec 23/93 4.9.7/8
Section 4a
USE OF HELICOPTER
FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS
FLIGHT MANUAL
-
a3 7
&M USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS - Contents
S e c t i o n 4a
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page
4a.l. Extreme Low-Altitude Flights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4a.l.l
4a.2. Flights in Mountainous Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4a.2.1
4a.3. Peculiarities of Flights with Use of Dust-,
Sand- and Snow-Covered Pads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4a.4. Instrument Flying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4a.5. Night Flights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4a.6. Peculiarities of Flights to Sites Selected . . . . . .
from Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4a.7. Flights with External Store . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4a.8. Flights for Performing Building and Installation
Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4a.9. Flights for Extinguishing Forest Fires . . . . . . . . . .
4a.10. Flight for Killing Wild Animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4a.11. Flights for Dropping Cargoes and Parachutists . . .
4a.1.1.2. The flights at the extreme low altitude have the following
peculiarities:
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 4.2.1.1
FLIGHT MANUAL
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS - Extreme
Low-Altitude Flights
For the detailed study of the landing area, use the maps
to scales 1:100,000, 1:50,000 and the aerial photographs.
4a.1.2.2. Plotting the course on the map and preparation of the map
for flight at the extreme low altitude are performed in
the same manner as when preparing for any other enroute
flight.
(cont'd)
- record the fix and time of flying over the check refer-
ence points directly on the map since making an entry in
the flight log distracts his attention from the detailed
orientation;
4a.1.3.7. Approach the airfield or pad equipped with the radio aids
with use of the locator markers (locator beacons).
(cont'd)
The helicopter may approach the pads provided with the VHF
and UHF radio sets (radio beacons) with the aid of
automatic direction finder APK-YJ.
4a.2.1.3. When flying over the mountains, especially over the moun-
tains with sharp peaks, the radio altimeter measures the
distance not from the peaks, but from the mountain slopes,
(cont'd)
(cont'd)
4a.2.3.8. The approach to the pads with unilateral takeoff calls for
the increased accuracy in planning the approach. The
helicopter may touch down at any spot of the pad at the
safe distance to the obstacles.
f cont'd)
for estimating the ground strength and pad fitness for the
helicopter touchdown. During the touchdown without
complete decrease in the main rotor pitch, it is necessary
to constantly check the position of the helicopter,
holding it against displacement by timely and proportional
deflections of the control elements.
At the moment the nose wheel lifts off, a nose drop may
occur, which can be easily counteracted by slightly
pulling the control stick backward. To avoid damage to the
attachment units of the nose landing gear shock strut, do
not allow the lateral displacements of the helicopter in
the process of extension of the main landing gear wheels
at landing or their retraction at takeoff.
FLIGHT MANUAL
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS
Flights in Mountainous Area
Change over the engines to the idle power rating and shut
them down when landing the helicopter on the pad across
the slope only after the flight engineer has inspected the
ground surface condition and estimated the position of the
landing gear wheels on the ground.
(cont'd)
Dec 23/93 40.2.11
F L I G H T M A N U A L d5'6
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS . ,Flights in Mountainous Area
R ^6= so -=l-
JOO
4000
3000
T=fY
F
E:
+ 2000
%,
r=20
-3
-G
e 7.30"
lDD0
0 , . - . . . . . . . . .
0 50 100 150 2D0 250 300
True airspeed, km/h
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
4a.2.12
FLIGHT MANUAL
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS - Peculiarities
of Flights with Use of Dust-, Sand- and Snow-Covered Pads
4a.3.1. General
4a.3.2. Taxiing
(colnt'd)
- -.
(cont'd)
-
461.3.2 Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS - Peculiarities
of Flights with Use of Dust-, Sand- and Snow-Covered Pads
4a.3.4.2. Perform the hovering over the dust- and snow-covered pads
into the wind; avoid the prolonged hovering over the dust-
covered pads.
(cont'd)
?-
For leaving the vortex zone and going around, the helicop-
ter flying on the instruments is accelerated by gradually
pushing the control stick forward and changing the nose-
down pitch angle by 2 or .'3 In this case, the yaw, pitch
and roll are checked by the helicopter commander against
the heading indicator and gyro horizon, whereas the ab-
solute altitude and main rotor speed are reported to him
over the intercommunication system by the flight engineer.
If the horizontal visibility is not recovered within 15 to
20 s (the vortex follows the helicopter), it is necessary
to additionally push the control stick forward, increasing
the nose-down pitch angle by 1 or ZO. Upon gaining the
airspeed o f 30 to 40 km/h (after the vortex has lagged be-
hind the helicopter), it is necessary to go into a climb
at the takeoff power of the engines and at the same time
proceed with the further acceleration of the helicopter to
the airspeed of at least 80 km/h.
WARNING. IF THE VISUAL CONTACT WITH THE GROUND IS LOST,
WHEN THE HELICOPTER UNINTENTIONALLY GETS INTO THE
DUST (SNOW) VORTEX, IT IS PROHIBITED TO CARRY OUT
THE SEARCH OF THE LANDMARKS SELECTED FROM THE
AIR.
Carry out the helicopter touchdown only when the steady
contact with the ground or landmarks is established. In
case of failure to blow out the dust (snow) on the pad
till the adequate visibility is restored, it is necessary
to climb and fly to another pad (return to the base).
4a.3.4.5. If the landing pad has no natural landmarks, i-t;is neces-
sary to use an artificial landmark presenting a load up to
1.5 k g , attached to which are the ribbons having the
colour contrasting with respect to the terrain (snow), 0.1
m wide and 1.0 to 1.5 m long or other landmarks used for
this purpose.
FLIGHT MANUAL L6.L
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS - Peculiarities
of Flights with Use of D u s t - , Sand- and Snow-Covered Pads
- 000 -
-
(cont'd)
Dec 23/93 4a.4.1
FLIGHT MANUAL
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS - Instrument Flyinq
(cont'd)
4a.4.2 Dec 23/93
865 FLIGHT MANUAL
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS - Instrument Flying
- when making the 360' banked turns and turns: the gyro
horizon (the miniature airplane - ball) - rate-of-climb
indicator, gyro horizon - compass system indicator -
rate-of-climb indicator and further on in the same
order:
4a.4.11. When flying under the IFR rules, the illusions may appear
in the pilots, i.e. such a state when the helicopter
attitude perceived by the pilot visually against the
instruments does not coincide with the pilot's physiolo-
gical sensation of the helicopter spatial attitude. This
phenomenon may lead to the spatial disorientation. I n this
case, proceed as follows:
- roll out without delay and set the ball of the turn-and-
slip indicator at the center;
- 000 -
4a.5.2. The short takeoffs and landings may be performed only from
and on the airfields provided with the landing lighting
equipment.
The night takeoff practically does not differ from the day
takeoff, however, when the helicopter lifts off, it is
necessary to pay the particular attention to the lateral
displacements, holding the directions by reference to the
takeoff lights and landing light beams.
4a.5.8. When flying over the terrain at the dark time (at night),
when the light markers are not available, the helicopter
flying is executed on the instruments, periodically obser-
ving the air space (for conducting the circuminspection)
and landmarks (for conducting the orientation).
4a.5.10. When the light markers are available on the ground, the
plotting of the circuit pattern without homing radio aids
as well as the plotting of the descent path, planning and
landing present no difficulties.
4a.5.11. When the light markers are not available on the ground,
the approach to the even we11 known airfield or pad is
complicated. The landing is executed in the same manner as
in the day time. At the altitude of 50 to 70 ni, it is
Equated to the sites selected from the air are the heli-
dromes, airfields and pads intended for landing the aerial
vehicles, where the air traffic controllers and the res-
pective flying aids are absent and whose condition is not
checked by the ground aids service for more than one day
since they are not intended for landing the helicopter of
the given type.
The approach area of the site selected from the air should
ensure the helicopter go-around from an altitude of 3 m .
F l i g h t M a n ~ a : ~ Froin
. t h i s a l t i t u d e , t h e s i t e dimensions,
presence (absence) of t h e o b s t a c l e s on t h e e x p e c t e d
l a n d i n g h e a d i n g a n d p o s s i b l e g o - a r o u n d , wind d i r e c t i o n a r e
determined.
When s e l e c t i n g t h e l a n d i n g s i t e f r o m t h e a i r on t h e moun-
t a i n peak o r r o c k s o v e r h a n g i n g o v e r t h e p r e c i p i c e , i t is
necessary t o perform t h e f l i g h t a t t h e s i t e h e i g h t a t t h e
l a t e r a l d i s t a n c e f r o m i t n o t l e s s t h a n 4 0 ni f o r r e f i n i n g
t h e s i t e lle i g h t , i n s p e c t i n g t h e s u r f a c e c o n d i t i o n a n d
'
e s t i n i a t i n g t h e s l o p e s ; i n t h i s c a s e , t h e minimum a l t i t u d e
of f l i g h t o v ( ? r t h e o b s t a c l e s s h o u l d be a t l e a s t 1 0 In. A t
t h e i ~ c l i c o l , t ~ ? comlnander's
r d i s c r e t i o n , clepci~cling on t h e
t e r r a i n r e l i e f , may be i n s p e c t e d by p e r f o r m i n g t h e r e p e a t -
etl f l i g h t s o v e r t h e s i t e ( a t i t s ].eve11 o r by p e r f o r m i n g
t h e c i r c l i n g f l i g l l t a t t h e iridicatecl a i r s p e e d of a t l e a s t
SO k m / h .
4a.(5.8. A t t h e wind v e l o c i t y i n e x c c s s o f 5 m / s , i t i s n o t
recommended 1.0 s e l c c t t h e l a n d i n g s i t e s f r o m t h e downwind
s i d e o:f t h e nlassivn o b s t a c l e s i n t h e f o r m o f w a l l s , r i d g e s
o f n l o u n t a i n s , e t c . , a n d a l s o f r o m t h e downwind s i d e o f t h e
f o r e s t e d g e s i n c e when tlic h e l i c o p t e r a p l ~ r o a c h e s s u c h
o b s t a c l e s , i:; g e t s i n t o t h e zone o f i n c r e a s e d t u r , b u l e n c e
of descendin.,r fI.ow, a n d i n t h e c l o s e p r o x i ~ ~ l i t yt o t h e
o b s t a c l e s , below them - t o t h e " s h a d i n g " zollc i n w h i c h t h e
wind v e l o c i t y may be c o n s i d e r a b l y l e s s t h a n o v e r t h e
o b s t a c l e s . Ii' t h e n e c e s s i t y a r i s e s t o l a n d t h e h e l i c o p t e r
ort s u c h a s i t e , t h e h e l i c o p t e r l a n d i n g nixss shoulcl be
c a l c u l a t e d f o r t h e l a n d i n g c o n d i t i o n s o u t of t h e ground
e f f e c t . I t i s ; I-econnnended t o p e r f o r m t h e h o v e r i n g , i f p o s -
s i b l e , above t h e o b s t a c l e s o r a t a n a l t i t u d e of a t l e a s t
20 m , w i t h t l ~ es u l ~ s e q u a n tv e r t i c a l d e s c e n t o f t h e h e l i c o p -
t e r u n t i l i.t l : o ~ r c h e sdown. I n tile p r o c e s s o f v e l - - t i c a l . t l e s -
c e n t , i t i s -1ecc.ssal-y t o l ~ sr e a d y t o c o u n t e r a c t t i l e sllar.],
l a n d i n g o f t.hc h e l i c o p t e r l ~ c c a u a c o f i t s g e t t i n g i n t o t h e
" s h a d i n g " z o ~ t c . F o r p r e v c i n t i n g t l t e he! icop1;er r i r g i t
i s n c c c s s a r , y t,o i r ~ r e et h e mai 1-1 r o t - cr, I l c c t i v e p i tc17
FLIGHT MANUAL
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS -
Peculiarities of Flights to Sites Selected from Air
4a.6.12. The approach to and landing on the site selected from the
air are executed in compliance with the 1-eco~~w~cnclations
laid down in Sub-sections 4.6 and 4.7 of the present
light Manual. ,
FLIGHT MANUAL
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS -
Peculiarities of Flights to Sites Selected from Air
4a.6.18. If the site selected from the air is intended for the
repeated use, it is recommended to clear it from the minor
obstacles in the takeoff and landing directions (the great
stones, bushes, etc.) and post up the indicating flags.
4a.6.19. If the dimensions of the site selected from the air amount
to at least 120x50 m and the tilt angles of the conven-
tional planes limiting the obstacles comply with the
requirements laid down in Sub-section 2.5 of the present
Flight Manual, then, the flights followed after the first
one within the day may be performed proceeding from the
helicopter landing mass ensuring the helicopter hovering
in the ground effect
4a.6.20. The helicopter takeoff from the site selected from the air
practically does not differ from the takeoff from the
artificial airfields or helidromes, however, calls for the
particular attention on the part of the crew due to the
possible error made by eye in estimating the obstacle
height on the takeoff heading.
For obtaining the maximum steepness of the takeoff path,
it is reco~mnended to use the takeoff power rating, with
the main rotor speed amounting to 92 % , and hold the
minimum indicated airspeed for the given flight altitude
till the obstacles are flown over with subsequent
acceleration of the helicopter till the maximum airspeed
of 120 km/h is obtained and climb to the safe altitude.
4a.7.1. General
4a.7.1.1. The helicopter provided with the external store system may
be used for carrying the ex-Le1.11a1
s Cu1.e.
(cont'd)
4a.7.1.7. During the flights with external stores, do not use the
radio altimeter for determining the flight altitude since
the radio altimeter reads wrongly because of the load
effect, especially when flying at the high speed (when the
load is located under the radio altimeter antennae).
4a.7.2.2. Apart from the basic duties indicated in the Civil Avia-
tion Flight Manual, the helicopter commander should:
4a.7.2.3. Apart from the basic duties indicated in the Civil Avia-
tion Flight Manual, the co-pilot should:
WARNING. WHEN PERFORMING THE WORK NEAR THE OPEN ENTRY DOOR
OR WITH THE HELICOPTER CARGO DOOR ANGLES REMOVED,
THE EXTERNAL STORE OPERATOR SHOULD WEAR THE SAFE-
TY BELT WHOSE DRIVING ELEMENT IS COUPLED THROUGH
THE SNAP HOOK WITH THE HELICOPTER PRIMARY STRUC-
TURE (MOORING RINGS PROVIDED ON THE CARGO COM-
PARTMENT FLOOR, ETC . ) SO AS TO EXCLUDE THE UNIN-
TENTIONAL STEPPING OVER THE ENTRY DOOR EDGE
OR CARGO DOOR APERTURE.
4a.7.3. Flight
(cont'd)
(cont'd)
4a.7.3.3. After separating the load from the ground, the external
store operator should report the helicopter commander
about the state and position of the external store slings,
the load behaviour and also about the height from the load
to the ground.
(cont'd)
4a.7.3.8. Make the turns without slipping at the altitude not below
100 m by gradually deflecting the control elements at the
roll angle up to 15'.
4a.7.3.21. In some cases, for protecting the store and slings against
damage, it is allowed to drop the slings attached to the
rope by lowering the latter, for which purpose, proceed as
follows :
(cont'df
- 000 -
4a.8.1. General
(cont'd)
After making certain that the installed part does not fall
during this descent and displacement of the helicopter and
the riggers moved to the safe place, the external store
operator gives the "Drop" command and after separation of
the slings from the helicopter, he gives the "Slings
dropped" command.
4a.8.3.G. The wire (cable) reeling-out both on the ground along the
power transmission line and directly on the power
transmission line support cross-arms is executed with the
aid of the special devices by transporting the appliances
with wire (cable) suspended from the external sling
system.
4a.8.3.8. When reeling out the wire (cable), the flight altitude is
selected proceeding from the condition for ensuring the
distance from the appliance suspended from the external
store sling system to the obstacles (power transmission
line supports) to be at least 5 m . The preferable length
of the external slings is 5 m.
4a.9.1.2. When flying the helicopter with empty water drain unit,
the indicated airspeed should not exceed 160 kmlh.
4a.9.1.4. The helicopter hovering for taking water and hovering are
performed on the commands from the flight engineer,
strictly into the wind, over the open water body, near the
bank.
FLIGHT MANUAL
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS -
Flights for Extinguishing Forest Fires
4a.9.1.6. Fly to the fire area, with the water drain unit filled
with water to capacity, at an airspeed not exceeding
180 km/h.
4a.9.2.5. During the flights for extinguishing the forest fires, the
observer pilot should:
(cont'd)
-
4a.9.3.2. Perform the flights over the forest for inspecting the
fire area and selecting the place for landing the fire
team and unloading the equipment at the altitude not below
100 m and the indicated airspeed of at least 100 km/h. In
performing the hoverings and landings, the distance to the
fire edge should be at least 100 m.
(cont 'dl
A.a.9.6 Dec 23/93
F L I G H T M A N U A L
gf USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS - Flights far Extinguishing Forest Fires
30h
Fig. 4a.9.1
- 000 -
Dec 23 93
FLIGHT MANUAL
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS -
Flights for Killing Wild Animals
4a.10.1. General
4a.10.1.3. Permitted to take part in the flights for killing the wild
animals are up to three hunters detached by the hunting
farm administration.
4a.10.2.2. The, duties of the crew members are similar to the duties
indicated in Item 4a.9.2 of the present Flight Manual. In
addition to them, the helicopter commander should give the
commands to the hunters concerning the beginning and ces-
sation of the shooting, whereas the flight engineer should
duplicate these commands. In the process of killing the
animals, when the helicopter commander handles the heli-
copter, the flight engineer is in the cargo compartment,
the co-pilot keeps a watch on the obstacles on the flight
4a.10.3.l. The helicopter flight mass for the given type of ope-
rations should be selected proceeding from the conditions
for ensuring the hovering out of the ground effect.
4a.10.3.2. Conduct the search for the wild animals at the indicated
airspeed of 100 to 120 kmlh at an altitude of 100 m. For
the detailed inspection of the terrain, it is allowed to
descend the helicopter to an altitude of 50 to 20 m and
decrease an airspeed to 60 to 40 km/h. Conduct the search
of wild animals by using one of the methods: the divergent
or convergent spiral, tacks, parallel headings, trace
flight. Each of these methods is used depending on the
underlying surface, kind of animals to be killed and stage
of search. It is allowed to execute the trace flight, pur-
suit of the animals at the airspeed down to the hovering
and also by moving aside or backward.
(cont'd)
4a.11.1. General
(cont'd)
(cont 'd)
4a.11.3.7. The actions taken by the crew in dropping the cargoes are
the following:
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 48.11.7
FLIGHT MANUAL
USE OF HELICOPTER FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS -
Flights for Dropping Cargoes and Parachutists
S e c t i o n 5
ABNORMAL PROCEDURES
Contents
Dec 23/93 5.112
FLIGHT MANUAL
ABNORMAL PROCEDURES - General Instructions on Actions to Be
Taken by Crew Members in Adverse Situations
(cont'd)
- 000 -
5.1.2 Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
ABNORMAL PROCEDURS - Adverse Situation Check-Out Sheets
(cont'd)
*
(5) Descent and landing on To be executed Helicopter commander,
the nearest airfield co-pilot
1
(6) If oil temperature ex- To be shut down Helicopter commander,
ceeds 150 OC, engine flight engineer
(7) Troubles (failures) oc- To be reported to Helicopter commander,
curred and measures ATC service co-pilot
taken
(8) If one engine is off, Helicopter commander,
act as in case of co-pilot, flight en-
flight with one inope- gineer
rative engine
5.2.5. Failure of Engine Temperature Regulator
(Sub-section 5.7)
*(I) Monitoring of engine To be intensified Helicopter commander,
operation parameters flight engineer
*
(2) In case of increase in To be shut down Helicopter commander,
gas temperature up- f l i g h t engineer
stream of compressor
turbine in excess of
tolerable limit, engine
(3) Troubles (failures) oc- To be reported to Helicopter commander,
curred and measures ATC service co-pilot
taken
(4) If one of engines is o f f , Helicopter commander,
act as in case of co-pilot, flight en-
flight with one inope- gineer
rative engine
5.2.6. Troubles of Gearboxes (Sub-section 5.8)
*
(1) Illumination of the an- To be reported Flight engineer
nunciator and parameter
falling outside the to-
lerable limits
*
(2) Mission execution To be aborted Helicopter commander
*
(3) In case of parameters To be changed over Helicopter commander
fall outside the toler-
able limits for descent
at lower power
*
(2) Check of the safety To be performed Flight engineer
fuses
*
(3) Piloting by reference To be carried out Helicopter commander
to standby gyro horizon
(4) Troubles (failures) oc- To be reported Helicopter commander,
curred and measures to ATC service co-pilot
taken
(5) Execution of mission in To be aborted Helicopter commander
IFR conditions or at
night
5.2.15. Failure of Roll Monitorinp Unit FKK-18
(Sub-section 5.17)
*
(1) Autopilot To be disengaged
Readings of gyro To be compared Helicopter commander
horizons
Roll monitoring unit To be turned off
* (2) Mission execution To be continued Helicopter commander
(3) Troubles (failures) oc- To be reported Helicopter commander,
curred and measures to ATC service co-pilot
taken
5.2.16. Failure of Two Saeed Indicators (Sub-section 5.18)
*
(1) When flying in IFR To be checked Helicopter commander,
conditions, turning-on co-pilot
of pitot-static tube
heater and its service-
ability
$
(2) Correct readings of To be estimated Helicopter commander
speed indicators
*
(3) If the static and dyna- To be set Helicopter commander
mic pressure systems
and pitot-static tube
heater are serviceable,
flight regime (not over
cruising one)
*
(4) Speed by reference to To be maintained Helicopter commander,
ground speed and drift co-pilot
meter AHCC
*
(3) Autopilot To be engaged Helicopter commander,
co-pilot
*
(4) Mission execution To be continued Helicopter commander
*
(5) If, after engagement of
autopilot oscillations
occurred again, actions
indicated in Item (11, To be repeated Helicopter commander
flight speed, To be decreased Helicopter commander
flight with disengaged To be completed Helicopter commander
autopilot
5.2a.l. The adverse situation check-out sheets are the means for
organizing the crew actions required in the adverse situa-
tions in case of occurrence of the troubles; the timely
execution of these actions ensures the prevention of tran-
sition of the adverse situation to the emergency or catas-
trophic one.
- 000 -
5.2.10 Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
ABNORMAL PROCEDURES - Flight with Failed Engine
Control System
5.4.1. General
5.5.1. General
The engine oil system pressure drop is accompanied by the
following symptoms:
- flickering of the yellow annunciator button of central
annunciator panel QCO and illumination of the LOW OIL
PRESS IN LEFT (RIGHT) ENG (MAJIO PM JIEB. (IIPAB.) A B . )
yellow annunciator located on the left instrument board:
decrease of oil pressure in the engine to 2 kgficm2
- 000 -
5.5.2 Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
ABNORMAL PROCEDURES - Oil Temperature Rise or Appearance
of Metal Chips in Engine Oil
5.6.1. General
The oil temperature rise or appearance of tho metal chips
in the engine oil is respectively accompanied by the
following symptoms:
- the oil temperature increase over the maximum permis-
sible value;
- flickering of the yellow annunciator button of central
annunciator panel 4CO and illumination of the CHIPS IN
LEFT (RIGHT) ENG OIL (CTPYXKA JIEB. (IIPAB.) AB.) annun-
ciator.
( c o n t 'dl
- 000 -
Dec 23/93 5.6.314
FLIGHT MANUAL
ABNORMAL PROCEDURES - Failure of Engine Temperature Regulator
5.7.1. General
The engine temperature regulator failure is accompanied by
the following symptoms:
- flickering of the yellow annunciator button of central
annunciator panel QCO;
- illumination of the TR (3PA) - LEFT (RIGHT) OPERATES (PT
(3P,4) - JIEB. (IIPAB.) PAEOTAET) annunciator;
- the possible turbine inlet temperature rise over the
tolerable value.
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 5.7.1
FLIGHT MANUAL 3Y6
ABNORMAL PROCEDURES - Failure of Engine Temperature Regulator
- 000 -
5.7.2 Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
ABNORMAL PROCEDURES - Troubles of Gearboxes
5.8.1. General
The gearbox troubles are accompanied by the following
symptoms :
- appearance of the abnormal noise and buffeting of the
helicopter;
- sharp increase in the oil temperature;
- oil pressure drop;
- illumination of the LOW OLL PRESS I N MAIN GEARBOX (MAJIO PM
m. PEJJYKT.) yellow annunciator or the C H I P S I N INTERM. GEAR-
BOX O I L (CTPYXKA nPOM. PEJJYK.) and C H I P S I N T A I L ROTOR GEAR-
BOX O I L (CTPYXKA XBOCT. PEAYK.) annunciators located on the
left instrument board.
5.8.2. Crew Operating Procedures
The detailed contents of the "Troubles of Gearboxes"
adverse situation check-out sheet:
*
(1) Illumination of the annunciator and parameter falling
outside the tolerable limits - to be reported - the
flight engineer
The flight engineer should report to the helicopter
commander about illumination of the LOW OIL PRESS IN
MAIN GEARBOX or CHIPS IN GEARBOX OIL annunciator and
also in case the readings of the oil pressure and
temperature in the intermediate (tail rotor) gearbox
exceed the tolerable limits.
*(2) The mission execution - to be aborted - the heli-
copter commander
In case of illumination (flickering or continuous
illumination) of the CHIPS IN GEARBOX OIL yellow
annunciator, not accompanied by the oil temperature
rise or pressure decrease, the helicopter commander
should abort the mission and proceed to the nearest
airfield.
* ( 3 ) In case of parameter falling outside the tolerable
limits for descent at lower power - to be changed
over - the helicopter commander
- 000 -
~~~.
5.9.1. General
The failure of the service tank booster pump is
accompanied by the following symptoms:
- flickering of the yellow annunciator button of central
annunciator panel 4CO and illumination of the SERVICE,
INOPERATIVE (PACXOH HE PAGOTAET) yellow annunciator;
- the information reporting system reads: "Service tank
pump failed".
5.10.1. General
The transfer pump failure is accompanied by the following
symptoms :
- flickering of the yellow annunciator button of central
annunciator panel UCO and illumination of the LEFT TANK
PUMP FAIL (HACOCLI EAICOB JIEBbIfi HE PAEOTJ or RIGHT TANK
PUMP FAIL (IIPABbm HE PAEOT.) annunciator or both annun-
ciators;
- the information reporting system reads: "Left fuel tank
pump failed" or "Right fuel tank pump failed";'
- decrease of fuel quantity in the service tank
- 000 -
5.10.2 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
ABNORMAL PROCEDURES - Clogging of Fuel Filter
5.11.1. General
The fuel filter clogging is accompanied by the following
symptoms:
- flickering of the yellow annunciator button of central
annunciator panel UCO, flickering or steady illumination
of the LEFT ENG FUEL FILTER CLOG (3ACOP. TQ. JIEB. AB.)
or RIGHT ENG FUEL FILTER CLOG (3ACOP. TQ. IIPAB. AB.) an-
nunciator.
- 000 -
5.11.2 Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
ABNORMAL PROCEDURES - Illumination of 270-1 FUEL REMAIN
Annunciator
5.12.1. General
Presence of the remaining fuel reserve in the quantity of
270 ltr aboard the helicopter is accompanied by the fol-
lowing symptoms:
- flickering of the red annunciator button on central an-
nunciator panel UCO located on the left instrument board
and the 2'70-1 FUEL REMAIN (OCTAJIOCb 270 JI) annunciator
located on the right instrument board;
- the information reporting system reads: "Emergency re-
maining fuel".
- 0110 -
5.12.2 Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
33 ABNORMAL PROCEDURES - Failure of Service Tank Float Valve
5.14.1. General
The main hydraulic system failure is accompanied by the
following symptoms:
- flickering of the red annunciator button of central an-
nunciator panel 4CO located on the left instrument board
and illumination of the AUX SYS ON (AYBJIMP. BKJIIOYEHA)
annunciator;
- the information reporting system reads: "Main hydraulic
system failed";
- extinguishment of the MAIN SYS ON (OCHOBHAII BICJIIOYEHA)
green annunciator;
- pressure drop in the main hydraulic system below
40 kgf/cm2;
pressure rise in the auxiliary hydraulic system up to
7 3 kgf/cm2.
( c o n t 'dl
Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
ABNORMAL PROCEDURES - Failure of Main Gyro Horizon
5.15.1. General
The main gyro horizon failure is accompanied by the
following symptoms:
- difference in the readings of gyro horizons used by the
helicopter commander and co-pilot and the standby gyro
horizon;
- appearance the GYRO ( A r ) flag on the left (right) gyro
horizon;
- illumination of the LEFT (RIGHT) GH FAIL (OTICA3 Ar JIEB.
(IIPAB.) annunciator;
- the miniature airplane fails to respond to variation in
roll when making the turns;
- inadequacy of the gyro horizon indication to the actual
flight conditions (the VFR flight).
(cont'dj
5.16.1. General
The failure of two gyro horizons is accompanied by the
following symptoms:
- difference in the readings of the gyro horizons;
- appearance of the GYRO (AI') flags on two gyro horizons;
- illumination of the LEFT GH FAIL (OTKA3 Ar JIEB.) and
RIGHT GH FAIL (OTKA3 Ar ~ P A B . )annunciators.
(cont'd)
- 000 -
5.17.1. General
The failure of roll monitoring unit EKK-18 is accompanied
by the following symptoms:
- illumination of the HORIZON OUT OF CTL (HET KOHTPOJIX A r )
annunciator;
- the ROLL EXCESS (KPEH BEJMK) light warning system is
inoperative;
- 000 -
5.18.1. General
The failure of two speed indicators is accompanied by the
following symptoms:
- the unsteady readings of the speed indicators;
- disagreement between the indicated speed and the select-
ed flight conditions;
- difference between the readings of both speed indica-
tors.
Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
ABNORMAL PROCEDURES - Ground Resonance
5.19.1. General
The ground resonance occurrence on the helicopter is
accompanied by appearance of the growing oscillations of
the helicopter in testing the engines or during taxiing, exe-
cuting the takeoff run and landing roll.
5.19.2. Crew O ~ e r a t i nProcedures
~ when Testinp Enpines under
Ground Resonance Conditions
The detailed contents of the "Ground Resonance in Testing
Engines" adverse situation check-out sheet:
*
(1) The collective pitch control lever - to be deflected
all the way down - the helicopter commander
W h e n the helicopter growing oscillations occur, the
helicopter commander should deflect the collective
pitch control lever all the way down.
*
(2) The throttle control twist grip - to be turned to the
left - the helicopter commander
The helicopter commander should turn the throttle
control twist grip to the left.
*
(3) If the ma.in rotor speed decrease does not lead to
cessation of the helicopter oscillations - the
engines should be shut down - the helicopter com-
mander, flight engineer
If the main rotor speed decrease does not lead to
cessation of the helicopter oscillations, the heli-
copter commander should shut down the engines with
the aid of the engine shutdown valve and order the
flight engineer to close the fuel fire shut-off
valves of both engines.
On the command from the helicopter commander, the
flight engineer should close the fuel fire shut-off
valves of both engines and check their closure by
reference to illumination of the LEFT CLOSED (JIEBMfi
3AICPMT) , RIGHT CLOSED (IIPABLm 3AICPLIT) yellow annun-
ciators.
(cont'd)
5.20.1. General
As a rule, the low-frequency oscillations of the
helicopter in flight occur in the vertical plane at a
frequency of 3 . 5 to 3 . 7 Hz close to the main rotor speed
( 3 . 2 Hz).
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 5.20.1
FLIGHT MANUAL 39Y
ABNORMAL PROCEDURES - Low-Frequency Oscillations of Helicopter
in Flight
*
(4) The mission execution - to be continued - the heli-
copter commander
The helicopter commander should continue to execute
the mission.
*
(5) If, after engagement of the autopilot, the oscil-
lations occur again - the actions indicated in Item
(1) to be repeated, the flight speed - to be decreas-
ed, the flight with disengaged autopilot - to be
completed - the helicopter commander
If, after engagement of the autopilot, the low-frequ-
ency oscillatons occur again, the helicopter comman-
der should repeat the actions indicated in Item (11,
decrease the flight speed by 20 to 30 km/h as compar-
ed with the speed at which the oscillations occurred
and complete the flight, with the autopilot being
disengaged.
S e c t i o n 6
EMERGENCIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
6.1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 . 1 . 1
6.2. Emergency Check-Out Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . 2 . 1
6.3. Rules for Use of Emergency Check-Out Sheets . . . . . . . . . 6.3.1
6.4. Fire in Engine. Main Gearbox, Auxiliary Power Unit
BCY. KO-50 Heater Compartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . 4 . 1
6.5. Fire in Cargo Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . 5 . 1
6.6. Failure of Two Engines in Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . 6 . 1
6.7. Flight with One Engine Inoperative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . 7 . 1
6.8. Flight with All Generators Inoperative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . 8 . 1
6.9. Emergency Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . 9 . 1
6 . 1 0 . Ditching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 . 1 0 . 1
6 . 1 1 . External Store Emergency Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.11.1/2
6.12. "Vortex-Ring"State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . 1 2 . 1
6 . 1 3 . Failure of Directional Control in Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . 1 3 . 1
6 . 1 4 . Occurrence of Low-Frequency Vertical Oscillations ... . 6 . 14 . 1
. 0 0 0 .
CONTENTS
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 6.112
FLIGHT MANUAL
EMERGENCIES - General
6 .l. GENERAL
(b)the co-pilot:
- 000 -
(cont'd)
*(5) Air bleed from the engine The air bleed Flight engineer
for the ice protection system should
system and dust protection be switched
device off
*
(G) The fuel fire shut-off To be closed Flight engineer
valve of the left
(right) engine
(cont'd)
(cont'd)
*
(5) If the main fire extin- To be switched Flight engineer
guisher discharge has on
failed to fight the fire,
use the alternate fire
extinguisher discharge in
the main gearbox compart-
ment (auxiliary power
unit compartment)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 6.2.5
FLIGHT MANUAL
EMERGENCIES - Emergency Check-Out Sheets
(cont'd)
'(8) If the fire source is not The whole he- Flight engineer
determined licopter should
be deenergized
(cont'd)
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 6.2.9
FLIGHT MANUAL
EMERGENCIES - Emergency Check-Out Sheets
( c o n t 'dl
(cont'd)
- 000 -
Dec 23/93 6.2.13/14
395- FLIGHT MANUAL
EMERGENCIES - Rules for Use of Emergency Check-Out Sheets
- 0 0 0 -
--
6.4.1. General
When the fire occurs:
- the information reporting system reads: "On board No
Fire in the left (right) engine compartment . . . " '
- the red annunciator button of central annunciator panel
4CO and the red annunciator located on the middle panel
of the upper console (on the fire extinguishing system
board) flicker, indicating the fire location:
LEFT ENGINE FIRE (IIOXtAP JIEB. ABHr.), RIGHT ENGINE FIRE
(IIOXAP .IIPAB. JBKI?.), GEARBOX FIRE (IIOXAP PEJYK.), APU
FIRE (IIOXAP BCY), KO-50 FIRE (IIOXAP KO-50);
- the smoke, flame or smell of burning appears in the
flight and cargo compartments;
- the gas temperature may rise in excess of the tolerable
value ;
- the smoke plume appears behind the helicopter (according
to the report from the adjacent helicopter or from the
ATC service).
The main fire extinguisher discharge in each compartment
operates automatically; in case of failure' of the
automatic control unit, it is switched on manually. The
alternate fire extinguisher discharge is switched on only
manually.
The fire extinguishing system operation is checked by
reference to illumination of the MAIN FIREX DISCH (1st
SEQUENCE) (OYEPEAb "1") or ALTN DISCH (2nd SEQUENCE)
(OYEPEJb " 2 " ) annunciator of the respective compartment.
After extinguishing the fire, the red annunciator of the
compartment in which the fire occurred goes out.
*
(1) The main fire extinguisher discharge has operated in
the right (left) engine compartment - make sure - the
flight engineer
The flight engineer should make sure that the automa-
tic control unit of the main fire extinguisher dis-
charge has operated by reference to illumination of
the MAIN FIREX DISCH (1 OYEPEAb) yellow annunciator
of the respective compartment.
* (2) If the automatic control unit of the main fire extin-
guisher discharge fails to operate - turn on manually
the main fire extinguisher discharge in the right
(left) engine compartment - the flight engineer
The flight engineer should manually turn on the main
fire extinguisher discharge in the right (left)
engine compartment, for which purpose, he should
depress the MAIN FIREX DISCH MANUAL CTL (PYYHOE
BKJJIOYEHKE 1 OYEPEAb) button of the respective com-
partment.
* (3) The engines - to be shut down without delay - the
helicopter commander, flight engineer
The helicopter commander or flight engineer (on the
command from the helicopter commander) should shut-
down the engines with the aid of the engine shutdown
valve or the helicopter commander should order the
flight engineer to close the engine fuel fire shut-
off valves.
* (4) The engine fuel fire shut-off valves - to be closed -
the flight engineer
On the command from the helicopter commander, the
flight engineer should close the engine fuel fire
shut-off valves, check the valve closure by reference
to illumination of the RIGHT (LEFT) CLOSED (IIPABLIm
(JIEBJIB) 3AKPMT) yellow annunciator.
*
(5) If the main fire extinguisher discharge fails to
extinguish the fire, use the alternate fire extin-
guisher discharge in the right (left) engine compart-
ment - to be switched on - the flight engineer
(cont'd)
*
(3) If the automatic control unit of the main fire extin-
guisher discharge has failed to operate, use the main
fire extinguisher discharge in the right (left)
engine compartment - to be switched on manually - the
flight engineer
The flight engineer should manually switch on the
fire extinguisher of the main fire extinguisher dis-
charge, for which purpose depress the MAIN FIREX
DISCH MANUAL CTL (PYYHOE BICJIIOYEHME 1 OYEPEAb) button
of the right (left) engine compartment.
* ( 4 ) The right (left) engine - to be shut down without de-
lay - the helicopter commander, flight engineer
The helicopter commander or flight engineer (on the
command from the helicopter commander) should shut
down the engine with the aid of the engine shutdown
valve; the helicopter commander should order the
flight engineer to close the fuel fire shut-off
valve.
Furtheron, the helicopter commander flies the heli-
copter in compliance with the instructions for the
one-engine-failedflight.
*
( 5 ) Air bleed from the engines to the ice protection sys-
tem and dust protection device - the air bleed system
should be switched off - the flight engineer
The flight engineer should switch off the ice protec-
tion system and dust protection device.
*
( 6 ) The right (left) engine fuel fire shut-off valve - to
be closed - the flight engineer
On the fuel system control panel, the flight engineer
should close the fuel fire shut-off valve of the en-
gine in the compartment of which the fire occurred,
check the valve closure by reference to illumination
of the RIGHT (LEFT) CLOSED (IIPABLII? (JIEBbII?) 3AICPLIT)
yellow annunciator.
(cont'd)
(cont'd)
(cont'd)
Dec 23/93
go5 FLIGHT MANUAL
EMERGENCIES - Fire in Engine, Main Gearbox, Auxiliary
Power Unit BCY, KO-50 Heater Compartments
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
EMERGENCIES - Fire in Cargo Compartment
6.5.1. General
In case of fire aboard the helicopter at the places not
provided with the fire extinguishing system, it is
necessary to determine the cause of fire and isolate the
latter.
The fire is extinguished by the crew members with the aid
of the hand-operated fire extinguishers.
After detecting the fire source, it is necessary to
disconnect it from the helicopter electrical system and
proceed to extinguishing the fire.
In case of the fire occurrence when the fire source is not
known and cannot be detected, it is necessary to perform
the emergency descent and landing on the site selected
from the air.
(cont'd)
PERFORMANCE
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE . Contents
S e c t i o n 7
PERFORMANCE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Basic Definitions ................................... 7.1.1
Summary of Characteristic Speeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2.112
Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3.1
Climb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4.1
Cruising Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. . 7.5.1
Descent ............................................... 7.6.1/2
Approach and Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7.112
Operational Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8.1/2
Position Error Corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 . 9 . 1 / 2
Helicopter Control Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 . 1 0 . 1
Nomographs. Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 . 1 1 . 1
. 000 .
CONTENTS
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 7.1/2
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Basic Definitions
BASIC DEFINITIONS
Speeds
(cont 'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 7.1.1
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Basic Definitions
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Basic Definitions
Helicoater Thrust
(cont'd)
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 7.1.3
FLIGHT MANUAL Ydo
PERFORMANCE - Basic Definitions
7.1.4.7. The main rotor thrust also depends on the engine actual
power which may decrease in the process of increase in the
engine operating time. Therefore, to specify the
helicopter capability to take off, it is necessary, before
takeoff, to execute the check hovering.
7.1.4.8. The recommendations for measuring the thrust are laid down
in Section 9 of the present Flight Manual.
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Summary of Characteristicspeeds
7.3. TAKEOFF
7.3.1. List of G r a ~ h s
7.3.1.1. The nomograph to determine the maximum permissible takeoff
mass of the helicopter at the no-run takeoff and landing
out of the ground effect (Fig. 3.1.1).
7.3.1.7. The normal and aborted takeoff paths during the no-run
takeoff with the maximum permissible mass determined by
the nomograph presented in Fig. 3.1.5 (Fig. 7.3.1).
CLIMB
List of G r a ~ h s
List of Tables
7.4.2 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Cruising Flight
List of Graahs
Variation in the permissible airspeeds versus the heli-
copter flight mass and altitude (Fig. 7.5.1).
Variation in the permissible flight speeds (indicated
airspeeds) versus the helicopter flight mass and altitude
(Fig. 7.5.2).
The graphs illustrating the fuel consumption per kilometer
(Figs 3 . 1 . 1 4 through 3.1.20).
The graphs illustrating the fuel consumption per hour
(Figs 3.1.21 through 3.1.271.
Dependence of the flight speeds (air and indicated speeds)
on the cross-section of the external store (Figs 3.1.28
through 3.1.321.
The increment of fuel consumption per kilometer when car-
rying the external store having the maximum cross-section
of 1 m2 versus the indicated airspeed of the flight
(Fig. 3.1.32).
Dependence of the helicopter flight mass on the outside
air temperature in the level flight at the best speed of
120 kmlh in case of failure of one engine and other engine
running at the extreme power (Fig. 3.1.5).
List of Tables
The minimum, maximum, cruising and economy cruise speeds
(indicated and air) in the level flight for the maximum
flight mass and normal flight mass (Table 7 . 5 . 1 1 .
The fuel consumption per kilometer and per hour at the
various altitudes and cruising speeds versus the flight
mass (Table 7.5.2).
Dependence of the speed range in the single-engine-
operative flight, with the engine running at the extreme
power, on the helicopter mass and barometric altitude
(Table 7.5.3).
The fuel consumptions per kilometer and per hour in the
single-engine-inoperative flight (Table 3.1.7).
Table 7 . 5 . 1 , continued
'7.5.2 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Cruising Flight
7.5.4. The fuel consumptions per kilometer and per hour during
the level flight depending on the flight speed for the va-
rious altitudes and flight mass of the helicopter are
shown on the graphs presented in Figs 3.1.14 through
3.1.27. These graphs are plotted for the airspeeds. If the
necessity arises to find the fuel consumption for the
indicated airspeeds, their conversion into the airspeeds
is executed with the aid of the graph presented in
Fig. 7.9.2.
(cont'd)
Table 7 . 5 . 2
100 2.66 620 2.69 627 2.75 641 2.84 621 2.93 640
500 2.55 593 2.60 605 2.67 621 2.76 601 2.86 623
1000 2.44 569 2.49 580 2.57 599 2.69 587 2.81 614
2000 2.24 525 2.33 546 2.44 572 2.56 559 2.71 592
3000 2.11 485 2.22 510 2.35 540 2.63 500 2.91 554
4000 2.00 426 2.14 455 2.36 502 3.16 487 3.73 575
5000 2.18 354 2.50 406 3.0 488
6000 2.62 380 3.31 480 4.62 655
7.5.5. The helicopter with normal flight mass and maximum flight
mass ensures the level single-engine-operative flight at
the extreme power of the engine in the standard atmosphe-
ric conditions and within the speed range indicated in
Table 7 . 5 . 3 .
When the ice protection system is swiched on, the range of
forward speed is narrowed as compared with that given in
Table 7 . 5 . 3 (the minimum speed increases, whereas the
maximum speed decreases approximately by 20 krn/h). It is
recommended l;o perform the single-engine-operative flight
at the speed of 1 2 0 to 1 3 0 km/h, since the power required
for the flight has the minimum value. The helicopter, with
one engine failed and other engine running at the extreme
power, may continue the level flight with the flight mass
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Cruising Flight
Table 7.5.3
- 000 -
7.5.6 Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Descent
DESCENT
List of Graphs
Rate of descent at the main rotor autorotation versus the
flight speed at the altitude of 1000 m (Fig. 7 . 6 . 1 ) .
List of Tables
Indicated airspeed during descent, rate of descent, fuel
mass consumed during descent, track, power-on descent time
(Table 3 . 1 . 5 ) .
Descent Procedure
The descent procedure is laid down in Section 4 "Descent"
Depending on the flight altitude, the power-on descent is
tolerable both vertically and on the slant paths. The main
rotor autorot,ation descent is executed only on the slant
path.
All descent characteristics (the indicated airspeed, ver-
tical velocity, track, descent time, mass of consumed
fuel) in the descent conditions are given in Table 3.1.5.
In case of failure of two engines in flight, the flight
and landing may be continued in the main rotor autoro-
tative conditions only.
The autorotation characteristic in the form of dependence
of the flight vertical velocity is shown in Fig. 7 . 6 . 1 . As
it is seen from the figure, the minimum vertical velocity
is obtained at the flight speed of 110 to 150 kmlh and the
minimum flight-path angle, at the speed of 1 8 0 to
1 9 0 km/h. Therefore, to obtain the required maximum path
for a safe landing, it is necessary to glide the helicop-
ter from the altitude of 2000 m at the speed of 1 8 0 km/h/;
if no maximum gliding path is desired, the autorotation
flight at the speed of 1 4 0 km/h is recommended.
- 000 -
- 000 -
Dec 23/93 7.7.1/2
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Operational Limits
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 7.8.'1/2
-
4H
Y80
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Position Error Corrections
Dec 2 3 / 9 3 7.10.1
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Helicopter Control Features
(cont'd)
- -
( c o n t 'dl
Dec 23/93
'lB1 FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Helicopter Control Features
..
Dec 23/93
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Helicopter Control Features
- 000 -
7.10.10 Dec 2 3 / 9 3
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Nornographs, Graphs
Figure 7 . 1 . 1
FLIGHT MANUAL
PERFORMANCE - Nomographs, Graphs
Figure 7.3.3
(cont'd)
7.11.2 Dec 23/93
Y93 F L I G H T M A N U A L
PERFORMANCE - Nomographs, Graphs
Dec 23/93
7.11.3
F L I G H T M A N U A L YJg
PERFORMANCE - Nomographs, Graphs
Dec 2 3 / 9 3
7.11.4
F L I G H T M A N U A L
PED.FORMANCE - Nonographs, Graphs
(cont'd)
Dec 23/93
7.11.8
F L I G H T M A N U A L
PERFORMA?iCE - Narnograghs, GI-aphs
Dependence o f T a i l R o t o r Rod E x t e n s i o n on P e d a l T r a v e l
Figure 7.10.4
F L I G H T M A N U A L
PERFORMANCE - Nomographs, Graphs
Dec 23/93
7.11.14
F L I G H T M A N U A L
505
PERFORMANCE - Nomographs, Graphs
Dec 23/93
7.11.16
, .
94 F L I G H T M A N U A L
D"WZD?!AblCE - 2.?xo3r.i?hs; r,,.ap!li
May 15/91
.,.ll.li
F L I G H T M A N U A L
PERFOKMAYCE - I!omograghs, Graphs