Cyclopedia of Music and Musicians Vol.1 (1888)

*^?^|îi>$^^*;ii^y?p^ -\}^'-^^.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
AT LOS ANGELES
CYCLOPEDIA OF
Music and Musicians
Volume I
ABACO DYNE
14^Hh^
-\
CYCLOPEDIA OF
MUSIC AND MUSICIANS
EDITED BY
JOHN DENISON CHAMPLIN, JR.
CRITICAL EDITOR
WILLIAM FOSTER APTHORP
IV/TH MORE THAN ONE THOUSAND ILLUSTRATIONS
VOLUME 1
NEW YORK
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
M DCCC LXXXVlll
iSig f\ O "^ o
6d.i i O
Copyright, i88S, by
Charles Scribiier's Sons.
3440
5r,;ii
;
>^. I
ilusic
Library
PREFACE
The
THE Cyclopedia of Music and Musicians, like
Cyclopedia of Painters and Paintings, is
its predecessor,
expected by its pro-
jectors to occupy a novel as well as a standard place among

authorities upon its subject. Like that, also, it founds its claim to this
position especially upon tlii-ee things : The character and comprehensive-
ness of the information which, through its text and illustrations, it for
the first time makes accessil)le ; the new simplicity of its arrangement
and the bibliography, of a kind hitherto unattempted, through Avhich it
furnishes a key and guide to the whole literature of its art. The two
works beino; then similar in kind and in method of arrangement, we can-
not do better than to re2)eat substantially the preface of the foi'mer.
It is not only a fuller biographical dictionary than now exists of the
musicians of all schools, including prominent contemporaries, but it is, as
well, a dictionary of works ; and in a form in which the one branch of

information is as immediately accessible as the other. It must be under-
stood, however, that it embraces in its scope only composers and their
works, excluding mere performers and musical literati. The important
compositions of all periods, operas, oratorios, cantatas, symphonies, etc.,
are treated under their own names, in separate articles, in which are
given an accurate description of each work, the history ot" its text,
or of the subject of its theme, the date and place of composition and
of first performance, and of its prodiiction in other countries, its publica-
tion, and such other facts as make the account as nearly as possible ex-
haustive. The articles, whether biographical or descriptive, are not based
upon statements accepted in any sense at second hand, but upon close re-
PBEFAGE
search, coiulucted with tlie hope of making this work virtually an oiiginal
authority their facts being derived fi-oni the latest monographs in
all langiia<res on the several musicians and their works, from the music
periodicals of many countries, and from autobiographical memoranda

and other original material. In many instances correspondence with
musicians and others has brought to light hitherto unpublished informa-

tion of much interest and value, relating both to composers and to their
Avorks. The latest publications of the prominent music publishers and of

the several musical associations have also been carefully collated, so that
the information given is the best and fullest accessible up to the date of
completion.
The method of arrangement of the Cyclopedia is believed to be espe-
cially practical, intelligible, and convenient. The biographical and de-
scriptive articles are combined in a single alphabet : a novel plan, ena-
bling any reader, with no knowledge of a well-known opei-a or other
musical work other than the name, to turn to it directly and trace its
history back to its composer. A simple cross-reference system also en-

ables the i-eader of the biographical articles to tell at a glance what
works of each musician are treated at length, the italicizing of a single
word in the title of a composition showing that under that word a sepa-
rate article upon it will be found.
Tlie l>ibliography appended to each article is such as will guide tlie
reader to further -and more minute investigation than would be possible

in any book of reference ; even, it may be claimed, to an exhaustive
study of the whole literature of the topic. It embraces, besides English
works and periodicals, those in French, German, Italian, Spanish, Portu-
guese, Dutch, Swedish, and Danish.

The illustration lias not been undertaken with a view of mere embel-
lishment, )ut ill accordance with the purpose of the Cyclopedia. The
biographical articles contain a greater number of portraits of prominent
musicians, living and dead, than have ever before been published in any
work. Many of the contemjiorary ones have been furnished l)y the com-
posers themselves, and are not obtainable elsewhere. In many of the
articles also are fac-simile re2)roductions of scores by celebrated com-
r RE FACE
posers, fac-similes of autogi-aj)li signatures, and views of hirtlipLices,
monuments, statues, etc. In tlie articles on operas and oratorios are
given portraits of celebrated singers wliose names have been identified

with their representation, some of them in the costumes approi)riate to
their roles. Each volume of this edition contains, in addition to these,
twelve full-page etched portraits of the most famous composers, making

in all thirty-six etcliings, a representative collection of the great masters
of the art never before given in any publication.

The work is under obligations to Mr. Louis von Eltz for his efficient
labors during its entire progress, and especially for his valuable aid in
researches connected with the German, Italian, French, Spanish, and
Portuo-uese musicians.
Thanks are due, also, to the superintendent and other officials of the
Astor Libraiy of New York, and to the officers of the Athen;eum and
the Harvard Musical Association of Boston, for numerous pi'ivileges and
courtesies, without which the woi'k on the Cyclopedia would have been
attended with great difficulties, if not rendered impossible.
New York, November 1, 18S8.
vll
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
FULL-PACE PORTRAITS
To Fact'
I. DANIEL FRANCOIS ESPRIT AUBER

From the engraving by Hedoiiin, after the painting by Delaroche . . . 40
2. JOHANN SEBASTIAN BACH

From the engraving by Sichling, after the painting by Hanssinann . . , 80
3- LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN

From the lithograph by Kriehnber, after the bust by Dietrich . . . 120
4- VINCENZO BELLINI
From a contemporary lithograph '60
S' HECTOR BERLIOZ

From the engraving by Gilbert, after the painting by Conrbct . . . 200
To Face
6. FRANgOlS ADRIEN BOIELDIEU W-'
From the engraving by Dien 240
7- JOHANNES BRAHMS
From a photograph by Hanfstaengl 280
8. LUIGI CHERUBINI
From a lithograph by Figiwroii, after tl.v painting by Ingres .... 520
9- FREDERIC CHOPIN
From a photograph after the painting by Schick 360
'o- GAETANO DONIZETTI

From a photograph after the painting by Eiigen Fetix 400
II- ROBERT FRANZ

From a photograph after the painting by Hermann 4J0
12- CHRISTOPH WILLIBALD CLUCK

From a photograph after the painting by Duptessis 460
.
PORTRAITS OF MUSICIANS.
DRAWN BY VALfilUEN GIUBAVD0FP.
2 35. Balfe, Michael William 113

1. Abel, Karl Fiiedrich
2. Abt, Franz 4 36. Banck, Carl IH
3. Adam, Atlolpbe Charles 7 37. Banister, Henry Charles H"
17 38. Banister, John 118
4. Agostini, Paolo
24 39. Bargiel, Woldemar 123
5. Alard, Delpliiu
25 40. Barnby, Joseph 125
6. Alary, Jules
Eugene tV 26 41. Barnett, John 125
7. Albert,
29 42. Barnett, John Francis 126
8. Albreebtsberger, Joliann Georg.
Alcoc'k, John 31 43. Bartholomew, Ann S li c p p a r d
9.
32 Mounsey 128
10. Aklricli, Henry
37 44. Battishill, Jonathan 132
11. Allegri, Gregorio
38 45. Bazin, Franyois 135
12. Allison, Horton Clariilge
44 46. Becker, Albert 139
13. Ambros, August Wilhelm
48 47. Becker, Eeinhold 140
14. Anderton, Thomas
49 48. Beethoven, Ludwig van, in 1809 141
Andre, Johanu Anton
. .
15.
52 49. Beethoven, Ludwig van, in 1814. . 143
16. Anerio, Felice
53 50. Beethoven, Ludwig van, profile. . . 144
17. Anfossi, Pasquale
18. Arditi, Luigi 65 51. Belcher, William Thomas 150
G8 Bellini, Vincenzo 152
19. Ariosti, Attilio
69 53. Beuda, Georg 156
20. Armes, Philip :
71 54. Bendall, Wilfred Ellington 157

21. Arne, Thomas Augustine ,
157
22. Arnold, George Benjamin 73 55. Bendel, Franz
74 56. Benedict, Sir Julius 158
23. Arnold, Samuel
Bennett, Sir William Sterndale. . 161
24. Asioli, Bonifazio 80 57. .
25. Auber, Daniel Frau<;ois Esprit 86 58. :

Bently, John Morgan 1*54
Edmoud 88 59. Beriot, Charles Augusta do 168

26. Audran,
60. Berlioz, Hector 169
94 Bertini, Henri 177
27. Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel 61.
97 62. Berton, Henri Montan 178
28. Bach, Johann Christian j
99 63. Best, William Thomas 180

29. Bach, Johanu Sebastian I
30. Bach, Wilhelm Friedemann 105 64. Biber, Heinrich Joliann Franz 183
Bishop, Sir Henry Rowley 189
31. Baillot, Pierre Marie Fran9ois de 65.
109 66. Bizet, Georges 190
Sales
111 67. Blow, John 196
32. Baker, Benjamin Franklin 1
112 68. Blumenthal, Jacob 197

33. Balakirev, Mily Ale.xejevich ;
112 69. Boccheriui, Luigi 198

34. Balatka, Hans
. .
PORTRAITS OF MUSICIANS
PAGE PAGE
70. Bochsa, llobert Nicolas Charles . 201 115. Conradi, August 347
71. Bocksliorn, Samuel 202 IIG. Conrardy, Jules 317
72. Boieklieu, Fran<;ois Adrieu 20G 117. Converse, Charles Crozat 351
73. Boito, Arrigo 209 118. Corelli, Arcangelo 355
74. Bonouciui, Giovanni Battista. . . 213 119. Cornelius, Peter 357
75. Borodin, Alexander 21G 120. Cossmanu, Beruhard 362
76. Bottesini, Giovanni 218 121. Costa, Sir Michael 363
77. Boucher, Alexandre Jean 218 122. Couperin, Francois 367
78. Boulanger, Ernest Henri Alexan- 123. Cowen, Frederic Hymen 3G;)
dre 219 124. Cramer, Johann Baptist 371

79. Boyce, "William 221 125. Croft, William 376
80. Bradbury, William Batchelder... 222 126. Crotch, William 376
81. Braham, John 223 127. Crouch, Frederick William Nich-
82. Brahms, Johannes 223 olls 377
83. Brandeis, Frederick 22G 128. Criiger, Johannes 378
81. Brassin, Louis 227 129. Cui, COsar 380
85. Bridge, John Frederick 230 130. Cusins, William George 381
86. Bridge, Joseph Cox 231 131. Czerny, Carl 383
87. Bronsart, Hans von 233
88. Bronsart, Ingeborg vou 233 132. Dalayrac, Nicolas 385
89. Bruch, Max 235 133. Damrosch, Leopold 391
90. Bruckner, Anton 23G 134. Danzi, Franz 395
91. Briill, Ignaz 23G 135. David, Felicieu 399
92. Buck, Dudley 238 136. David, Ferdinand 400
93. Bull, John 210 137. Davidoff, Karl 401
91. Bull, Ole 210 138. Defesch, Willem 405
95. Billow, Hans von 211 139. Defies, Pierre Louis 405
96. Bunnett, Edward 212 140. Delibes, Leo 410
97. Burney, Charles 215 141. Despres, Josquin 419
142. De Swert, Jules _
422
98. Caballero, Fernandez 250 143. Diaz de la Pefia, Eugene Emile. 428
99. Cafaro, Pasquale 252 144. Dibdiu, Charles 429
100. Callcott, John Wall 256 145. Dietrich, Albert 431
101. Calvisius, Sethus 257 146. Dittersdorf, Karl Ditters von 434
102. Campana, Fabio 261 147. Dohler, Theodor 437
103. Canipra, Andre 262 148. Donizetti, Gaiitano 443
104. Carey, Henry 270 149. Dorn, Heinrich 447
105. Carter, WiUiam 277 150. Dotzauer, Justus Johann Fri'jdrieh 448
106. Cellier, Alfred 291 151. Draeseke, Felix 451
107. Chadwick, George Whitfield 29G 152. Dragonetti, Domenico 452
108. Cherubini, Luigi 307 153. Dreyschock, Alexander 455
109. Child, William 312 154. Duni, Egidio Romoaldo 462
110. Chipp, Edmund Thomas 313 155. Dujjont, Auguste 463
111. Cliopiu, Frederic 314 156. Durante, Francesco 467
112. Cimarosa, Domenico 322 157. Dussek, Johann Lndwig 468
113. Clarke, Hugh Archibald ; 329 158. Dvorak, Antoniu 471
114. Clemcnti, Muzio 338 159. Dyer, Arthur Edwin 472
..
PORTRAITS OF SINGERS, /iUTOGRAPHS, FACSIMILES,

ETC.
PAGE '
1. Autograph ofFranz Abt. 1878.. 5 21.

2. Autograph of Adolphe Adam 8j
3. Portrait of Pauline Lucca . 15 22.
4. Autograph of Johann Friedricli
Agricola. 1771 18 I
23.
5. Clara Louise Kellogg, as Aula .... 22 24.

6. Autograph of Johann Georg Al- 25.
brechtsberger. 1793 29
7. Autograph of Micliael Altenburg.
1618
8. Caricature of the Chorus in Anti-
gone, London Punch, 1847. . .
9. !Mara as Armida
10. Portrait of Carlo Broschi, called
Farinelli
11. Portrait of Elizabeth Billington .
12. Autograph of Daniel Frani;ois Es-

prit Auber
13. Dugazon as Azemia
14. Autograpli of Philijjp Emanuel
Bach. 1774
15. Autograph of Johann Christian
Bach. 1757
16. Birthplace of Johann Sebastian
Bach
17. Facsimile of the MS. of Johann
Sebastian Bach from tlie 1st
:
Prelude in the Wohltemperirte

Clavier
18. Autographs of Johann Sebastian
Bach. 1733
19. Autograph of Wilhelm Friedemann
Bach. 1733
20. Autograph of Pierre Mario Fran-
cois de Sales Buillot. 1834. . .
PORTRAITS OF SINGERS, AUTOGRAPHS, ETC.
45. Autograph of Robert Nicholas 65. Autograph of Arcangelo Corelli.

Charles Bochsa 201 1711 356
46. Autograph of Fran<;ois Adrian 66. AutograjDh of Peter Cornelius.
Boieldieu 208 1873 357
47. Autograph of Arrigo Boito.1884 209 . 67. Autograph of Sir Michael Costa. . . 363
48. Autograph of Giovanni Maria Bo- 68. Autogi-aph of Carl Czernj-. 1823 . . 383
noncini. 1656 214 69. Autograph of Nicolas Dalayrac.
49. Autographs of Johannes Brahms. 1807 \... 386
1885 ; 1872 225 70. Portrait of Marie Eoze 389
50. Autograph of Hans von Billow. 71. Autograjjh of Alexander Sergie-
1868 242 vitch Dargomygky. 1857 396
51. Autograph of Giulio Caccini. 72. Autograph of Folicien David. 1846. 400
1005 251 73. Autograph of Ferdinand David.
52. Hermione, in Cadmus et Hermione. 1853 401
1673 252 74. Autograph of Leo Delibes. 1883 . . 410
53. Autograph of Antonio Caldara. 75. Portrait of Eegiua Mingotti 413
1715 255 76. Autograph of Josejjh Dessauer.
54. Autograph of Sethus Calvisius. 1863 420
1594 258 77. Portrait of Anna Thillon 427
55. Autograph of Michele Carafa 267 78. Autograph of Karl Ditters von Dit-
56. Minnie Hauck, as Carmen 273 tersdorf. 1798 435
57. Autograph of Charles Simon Catel. 79. Laura Damoreau as Augele, in Le
1818 283 domino uoir 439
58. Autograph of Emilio de' Cavalieri. 80. Portrait of Galli-Marie 441
1597 286 81. Portrait of Lorenzo da Ponte,
59. Portrait of Marietta Alboui 292 author of the libretto of Don
60. Autograph of Luigi Cherubini .... 309 Giovanni 441
61. Autograph of Frederic Chopin 314
. . . 82. Lablache as Leporello, in Don
02. Facsimile of the MS. of Frederic Giovanni 442
Chopin. Mazurka 315 83. Autograph of Gautano Donizetti.
63. Autograph of Domenico Cimarosa. 1843 445
1793 324 84. Autograph of .iutonioDraghi. 1687. 452
64. Autograph of Muzio Clementi. 85. Autograph of Antoiiiu Dvorak.
1807 334 1882 472
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
ACADEMY. London. TIAINI, GIUSEPPE. Memorie storico-cri-

Adam, Adolphe. Derniers souvenirs d'un tiche della vita e delle ojêre di Giovanni
miisicien. Paris, 1859. Pierluigi da Palestrina. Eome, 1828.
Albei'gbetti, Fedeiigo and Michelangelo Cialli. Barbedette, Hipjaolyte. F. Chopin, essai de
Donizetti-Mayr. Bergamo, 1875. critique musicale. Paris, 18G9.
AUgemeine deutsclie Biogiapbie. Leipsic, Barbedette, Hippolyte. Beethoven, sa vie et
1875, et seq. ses oeuvres. Paris, 1870.
AUgemeine deutsche Musikzeitung. Leipsic, Barbedette, Hippolyte. Ch. M. de Weber, sa
1874, et seq. vie et ses oeuvres. Paris, 1874.
AUgemeine musikalische Zeitung. Leipsic, Barrett, William Alexander. English Church
1798-1848 Neue Folge. 1SC3, et seq.
;
Composers. London, 1882.
AUgemeine Wiener Musik-Zeitung. Vienna, Barrett, William Alexander. Balfe. London,
1817-24. 1882.
AUgemeine Zeitung. Munich, formerly Augs- Baumker, W'ilhelm. Zur Geschichte der Ton-
burg, 1798, et seq. kunst in Deutschland. Freiburg, 1881.
Ambros, August Wilhelm. Gescbichte der Becker, Carl Ferdinand. Die Tonwerke des
Musik. Breslau, 18G2-82. XVI. und XVII. Jahrhunderts, etc. Leip-
Ambros, August Wilhelm. Oulturhistorische sic, 1855.
Bilder aus dem Musiklebea der Gegen- Bellasis, Edward. Cherubini : Memorials Il-
wart. Leipsic, 1865. lustrative of his Life. Lou<lon, 1874.

Ambros, August W'ilhelm. Bunte Blatter, Benedict, Sir Julius. Weber. Loudon, 1881.
Hkizzeu uud Studien fiir Freunde der Berliner Allgemeiue Musikalische Zeitung.
Musik uud der bildenden Kunst. Leip- Berlin, 1824-28.
sic, 1872. Neue Folge. Leipsic, 1874. Berlioz, Hector. Voyage musical en Alle-
Ambros, August Wîlhelm, Robert Franz. Line magne et en Italie. Paris, 1844.
Studie. Leipsic, 1872. Berlioz, Hector. Les grotesques de la mu-
Ambros, August Wilhelm. Geschiclite der sique. Paris, 1871.
Musik der Neuzeit in Studien und Kriti- Berlioz, Hector. A travers chants. tudes
ken. Presburg, 1882. musicales, etc. Paris, 1872.
Apthorp, William Foster. Hector Berlioz. Berlioz, Hector. Memoires de. Paris, 1878.
New York, 1879. Berlioz, Hectoi-. Les soirees de I'orchestre.
Arnold, J. F. K. Luigi Cherubini. Seine Paris, 1878.
kurze Biographie. Erfurt, 1809. Berlioz, Hector. Les musicieus et la musique.
Atheuaium. London. Berlioz, Hector. Historiettes et sc6nes musi-
Atlantic Monthly. Boston, Mass. 1857, et cales.
seq. Berlioz, Hector. Correspondance inedite de,
Austin, George Lowell. The Life of Franz avec une notice biographiipie par Daniel
Schubert. Boston, 1873. 1 Bernard. Paris, 1879.
BIBLIOGL'AJ'UY
Berlioz, Hector. Burney, Charles. A General History of Music.
Lettres intimes, avec una I
preface par Charles Gonnod. London, 1789.

Paris, 1882.
|
Berlioz, Hector. Life and letters of, trans- Busby, Thomas. A General History of Music.
lated by H. Maiuwaving Dunstan. Lon- London, 1819.
don, 1882.
Bernardini, Leonie. Bicliard Wagner, sa vie,
ses poeojes d' opera, etc. Paris, 1882. pACILIA,
eine Zeitscbrift fiir die musikaliscb
Biografia degli noiuini illustri del regno di ^
Welt. Mainz, 1824-48.
Napoli. Naples, 1814-26. Caffi, Francesco. Vita di Domenico Drago-
Biographic des hommes vivants. Paris, 1816- netti. Venice, 1846.
17. Caffi, Francesco. Storia della musica sacra
Biograpbie nationale de Belgique. Brussels, nella gia cappella ducale di San Marco in
1866, et seq. Veuezia dal 1318 al 1797. Venice, 1855.
Biograpbie universelle et portative des con- Carricre, Moritz. Die Kunst un Zusammenhang
temporains. Paris, 1834. der Culturentwickelung. Loii^sic, 1871-
Bisson, Alexandre, et Theodore de Lajarte. 74.
Petite encyclopedie mnsicale. Paris, Castil-Blaze, Francois Henri Joseiih. De I'o-
1883. p6ra on France. Paris, 1820.

Bitter, Carl Hermann. Jobaun Sebastian Bach. Castil-Blaze, Francois Henri Joseph. Molifere
Berlin, 1865. Musicien. Paris, 1852.
Hermann. Carl Philipp nnd "\Vil-
Bitter, Carl Castil-Blaze, Francois Henri Josejib. Theatres
belm Friedemaun Bach und deren Briider. lyriques de Paris. Paris, 1855-56.
Berlin, 1868. Celler, Ludovic. Les origines de I'opera, etc.
Bitter, Carl Hermann. Beitriige zur Geschichte Paris, 1868.
des Oratoriums. Berlin, 1872. Cera, D. M. Cenni iutorno alia vita di Luigi
Bitter, CarlHermann. Die Keform der Oper Boccherini. Lucca, 1864.
duu-h Glnck und Richard ^Yagner's Kuust- Music of the
Cbaijpell, William. Popular
Averk der Zukiinft.Brunswick, 1884. Olden Time. London, 1845-1859.
Blaze de Burv, Henri. Vie de Rossini. Paris, Cborley, Henry Fothergill. Music and INlan-
1854. nors in France and Germany. London,
Blaze do Bury, Henri. Musiciens coutempo- 1844.
rains. Paris, 1856. Cborley, Henry Fothergill. Modem German
Blaze de Bury, Henri. Meyerbeer et son Miisic. Recollections and Criticisms. Lon-
temps. Paris, 1865. don, 1854.
Blaze de Buiy, Henri. Musiciens du passe, du Cborley, Henry Fothergill. Thirty Years' j\Iu-
present et de I'avenir. Paris, 1880. sical Recollections. London, 1862.
Blondeau, Anguste L. Histoire de la musique Cborley, Henry Fothergill. The National Mu-
moderne. Paris, 1847. sic of the World. London, 1880.
BOhme, Franz M. Geschichte des Oratoriums. Choron, Alexandre, et F. FayoUe. Dictiounaire
Gutersloh, 1887. bistorique des musiciens. Paris, 1817.
Botte de Toulmon. Notice des manuscrits, au- Chouquet, Gustave. Histoire de la musique
tographes, etc. Paris, 1843. dramatique en France. Paris, 1873.
Brendel, Franz. Geschichte der Musik in Chrysander, Friedricb. G. F. Handel. Leip-
Italien, Deutschlaml und Frankreicb. sic, 1858-60.
Leipsic, 1875. Ciceonetti. Filippo. Vita di Vincenzo Bellini.

Brenet, Michel. Hi.stoire de la symphonie il Prato, 1859.
orcbestre depuis ses origines jusqu'a Beet- Ciceonetti, Filippo. Vita di G. Donizetti.
hoven. Paris, 1882. Rome, 1864.
Breuning, Gerhard von. Aus dem Scbwarz- Clement, Felix. Les musiciens celi^bres.
spanierbans. Vienna, 1874. Paris, 1878.
Bull, Sara (!. Ole Bull. A Memoir. Boston, Clement, F61ix. Histoire de la musique. Par-
1883. is, 1885.
Bultbaupt, Heinrich. Draraaturgie der Oper. Clement ot Larousse. Dictionnaire des Operas
Leipsic, 1887..- 'i (Dictiounaire lyrique). Paris, u. d.
BIIlT.TOan.WIIY
Oonestabile, Giancarlo. Vita di Kicolu I'aga- Dommer, Array von. HandI)uoh
der Musik-
iiini. Penigia, 1851. geschichte. Leipsic, 187.S.
Comettant, Osear. Les eompositeur.s illu.strea Dwight's Journal of Music.
Boston, 1852-
de uotie sifeele. Paris, 1883. 1881.
Coussemaker, Charles Edmond Heuri de. His-
toire de I'liarmonie au inoyen age. Paris,
1852. rCKARDT, JULIUS. Ferdinand David
Coussemaker, Charles Edmond Henri de. und die Familie Mendelssohn -Barthold v.
L'art
liarmonique au xii= et xiii' .siecles. Leipsic, 1888.
Pari.s,
1865.
Edwards, Henry Sutherland. History of the
Coussemaker, Charles Edmond Henri de. (Eu- Opera. London, 1862.
vres completes du trouvere Adam de la Edwards, Heniy Sutherland. The Life of Ros-
Halle. Paris, 1872.
sini. London, 1869.
Cristal, M.
Edwards, Henry Sutherland. Rossini and his
Luigi BoccLeriui, iu Le Menestrel.
Paris, 1875.
School. London, 1881.
Crowest, Frederick. The Great Tone-Poets.

Edwards, Henry Sutherland. The Lyrical
London, 1875. Drama. London, 1881.
Crowest, Frederick. A Book of Musical Anec-
Edwards, Henry Sutherland. The Prima
dote. London, 1878. Donna. London, 1888.
Cui, Cesar. La musiqne en Eussie. Paris, Eblert, Louis. Letters on Music to a Lady.
1881.
Translated by Fanny Raymond Ritter.
Cummings, "William H. London, 1877.
Purcell. London.
188 L
Ehlert, Aus der Tonwelt. Essays.
Louis.
Neue Folge. Leipsic, 1884.
Leipsic, 1882.
Ehrlich, Heinrich. Die Musik-Aesthetik in
ihrer Entwickelung von Kant bis auf die
nANNRElTTHEB, EDWARD. Richard Wag-
His Tendencies and Theories. Gegenwart. Leipsic, 1882.
ner. Lon-
Ehrlich, Heinrich. Aus alien Tonarteu. Stu-
don, 1S7!.
dieu iiber Musik. Leipsic, 1888.
David, Ernest. La vie et les oeuvres de ,T. S.
Bach, sa famille, ses eleves, etc. Paris, Ernst von. Beethoven's Sympho-
Elterlein,
1882. Dresden, 1870.

uien.
David, Ernest. Les Mendelssohn-Bartholdy et Elterlein, Ernst von. Beethoven's Clavier-

Robert Schumann. Paris, Souaten. Leipsic, 1875.
1887.
Deiters, Hermann. Johannes Brahms. Leip- Elwart, Antoine. Histoii-e de la Societe des
Concerts. Paris, 1863.
sic, 1880. English translation by Rosa
Elwart, Antoine. Histoire des concerts ppiJU-
Newmarch, London, 1888.
laires de musique cla.ssique, etc., suivie de
Delmotte, H. Notice biographique sur Roland
six esquisses sur la vie, etc., de Haydn,
de Lattre. Valenciennes, 1836.
Denne-Baron, Rene Dieudonne. Cherubini, sa Mozart, Beethoven, etc. Paris, 1864.
Eugel, Carl. Musical Myths and Facts. Lon-
vie, etc. Paris, 18G2.
don, 1876.
Desnoiresterres, Gustave. Gluck et Picciuni.
Paris, 1875.
Engel, Louis. From Mozart to Mario. Lon-
Deusche MusikerZeitung. don, 1886.
Berlin, 1870.
Devrient, Eduard. My Recollections of Felix Engel, Carl. The Legend of Don Juan on the
Mendelssohn-Bartholdy and his Letters Stage. London, 1887.
to me. Translated by Natalie Macfarren.
Ernst, Alfred. L'oeuvre dranuUique de Hec-
London, 1869. tor Berlioz. Paris, 1884.
Dietz, Max. Geschichte des musikalischen Escudier, Les fr&res. Rossini, sa vie et ses
Dramas in Frankreich wiihrend der Revo- oeuvres. Paris, 1854.
lution bis zum Directorium. Vienna,

1886.
P^TIS, FRANCOIS JOSEPH. Curiositfs
Dlabacz, Gottfried Johann. Allgemeiues bis- historiques de la musique. Paris, 1830.
torisches Kiinstler-Lexikon fur Bohmen, Fftis, Francois Josejih. Histoire gfinerale de
MaLren und Schlesien. Prague, 1815-18. la musique. Paris, 1869-76.
BIBLlOGHAPJir
'Fkiis, Franr'ois Josei^h. Biojjrrapliie Tinivcr- Gregoir, Edouard G. J. Documents historiques
selle des musioiens. Paris, liS77-S0. relatifs u I'art musical, etc. Brussels, Ant-
Fctis, Edouai'd Louis Francois. Les musiciens wer]), Mainz, London, Paris, 1872-75.
beiges. Bru.ssel.s, 1S48. Grosheim, Georg Christoph. Fragmente aus
Fors, Luis Rioardo. Gottsclialk. Havana,
der Geschichte der Musik. Mainz, 1832.
1880. Grosheim, Georg Christoph. Versuoh einer
Forster, Bernhard. Kicliavd Wagner in seiner iesthetischen Darstellung melirerer Werka
nationalen Bedentung uud seiner Wirkuug dramatischer Tonmeister. Mainz, 1834.
auf das deutsche Culturleben. Leipsic, Grove, George. A Dictionary of Music and
1883. Musicians. London, 1879.
Fortniglitly Eoview, London. Grimeisen, Charles Lewis. Memoir of Meyer-
Fourgeaud, Alexandre. Les violons de Dalay- beer. London, 1848.
rac. Paris, 1869. Guide musical, Le. Brussels, 1854, et seq.
Freisauft', Eudolf von. Mozart's Don Juan, Gumprecht, Otto. Neue musikalische Charak-
1787-1887. Salzburg, 1887. terbilder. Leipsic, 1876.
Frimmel, Theodor. Neue Beethoveniana. Vi- Gumprecht, Otto. Unsere klassischen Meister.
enna, 1888. Leijisic, 1883-85.
Frommel, Emil. Friedricli Kiel, Godiii'btniss- Gumprecht, Otto. Neuere Meister. Leipsic,
rede. Berlin, 1886. 1883.
Frost, H. F. London, 1881.
Scbubert.
Fiirsteuau, Moritz. Zur Gosoliichte dor Mnsik
und des Tbeaters am Hofe zu Dresden. tlABERL, FRANZ XAVER. Bausteine fiir
Dresden, 1862. Musikgeschichte. Leipsic, 1886.
Halevy, Fromental. fitudes .sur la \'ie, etc., de
Cberubini. Paris, 1845.
pAMUCCI. Intorno alia vita ed alle opere di Halevy, Fromental. Notice sur la vie et les
^ Luigi Cberubini. Florence, 1869. ouvrages de Adolphe Adam. Paris, 1859.
Gautier, Judith. Richard Wagner et son oeuvre Hanslick, Eduard. Geschichte des Cuncert-
poetique. Paris, 1882. wesens in Wien. Vienna, 1869.
Gautier, Leopold Alexandre. Eloge d'Alex- Hanslick, Eduard. Die moderne Ojier. Kri-
andre Choi'on. Caen, 1846. tiken und Studien. Berlin, 1875.
Gehring, F. Mozart. London, 1883. Hanslick, Eduard. Aus dem Opernleben der
Gerber, Ernst Ludwig. Historisch-biographi- Gegenwart. Berlin, 1884.
sches Lexicon der Tonkiinstler. Leii^sic, Hanslick, Eduard. Musikalische Stationen.
1790. Berlin, 1885.
Gerber, Ernst Ludwig. Neues historiscli-bi- Hanslick, Eduard. Ooncerte, Comijonisten imd
ogi'aphisches Lexikon der Tonkiinstler. Virtuosen der letzten fiinfzehn Jahre.
Leipsic, 1812. Berlin, 1886.
Gervinus, Georg Gottfried. Handel und Hanslick, Eduard. Musikalisches Skizzen-
Shakespeare. Zur Aesthetik der Tonkunst. buch. Neiie Kritiken iiud Schilderungen.
Leipsic, 1868. Berlin, 1888.
Ginguen6, Pierre Louis. Notice sur N. Pic- Harmonicon, The London. 1823-33.
cinni. Hart, George. The Violin and its Music.
Girod. De la musique religieuse. Namur,
London, 1881.
1855. Hauptmann, Moritz. Briefe von, an Franz
Glasenapp, Carl Friedrich. Richard Wagner's Hauser, Herausgegeben von Prof. Dr.
Leben und Wirken. Cassel and Leij)sic, Alfred Schone. Leipsic, 1871.
1876-82. Haweis, Hugh Reginald. Music and l\Iorals.
Gollerich, August. Liszt. Leipsic, 1888. London, 1871.
Graeme, Elliott. Beethoven, Lon- Haweis, Hugh Reginald. My Musical Life.
A Memoir.
don, 1870. London, 1884.
Gregoir, Edouard G. J. Biograpbie des ar- Hawkins, Sir John. A General History of the
tistes-musiciens nêrlaudais des xviii= et Science and Practice of Music. London,
xix siecles. Antwerp, 1864. 1776.
Bini.ToGRAJ'HY
Hawkins, Sir John. Notes to North's Me- Jouviu, B. D. F. E. Aubor, sa vie et ses
moirs of Musick. oeuvres. Paris, 1864.
Helm, Theodor. Beethoven's Streichquartette. JuUien, Adolphe. Airs varies. Histoire, cri-
Leipsic, 1885. ticpie, biographic musioales et dramatiques.
Hequet, Gustavo. Boiekliou, .sa vie et ses Paris, 1877.
teuvres. Paris, 186i. Jullien, Adolphe. Weber a Paris eu 182().
Heinrich, E. Georg Friedrich HiiuJel. Leip- Paris, 1877.

sic, 1884. Jullien, Adolphe. L'eglise et Topi'ia en 1735.
Heusel, Sebastian. The Mendelssohn Family, Paris, 1877.
translated by Carl Klingemann. New Jullien, Adolphe. La cour et I'opcra sous
York, 1882. Louis XVI., etc. Paris, 1878.
Killer, Ferdinand. Aus dem Tonleben uuserer Jullien, Adoljjhe. Histoire du costumi; an
Zeit. Lcip.sic, 1868. Neue Folge. Leiji- theatre, etc. Paris, 1880.
sic, 1871. Hector Berlioz. La vio ot
Jullien, Adolphe.
Hiller, Ferdinand. Felix Mendelssohn-Bar- combat. Les ceuvies. Paris, 1881.
le
tholdy. Briefe uud Erinuerungen. Co- Jullien, Adolphe. Mozart et Richard Wagner
logne, 1874. a regard des Francjais. Paris, 1881.
Hiller, Ferdinand. Musikalisches imd Per- Jullien, Adolphe. Richard Wagner, sa vie et
sonliches. ses oeuvres. Paris, 1886.
Hiller, Johanu Adam.Lebensbeschreibungen Julian, Adolphe. Hector Berlioz. Sa vie et
bemhmter Musikgelehrter nnd Tonkiinst- ses ceuvres. Paris, 1888.
ler. Leipsic, 1784.
Hiller, Johann Adam. Nachrichten uad Bi-
ogratien. L. OTTO.
T7ADE, Mattheus le IWaistrc.
Hippeau, Edmond. Berlioz iutime. Paris, "-
Mainz, 1862.
1883. Kandler, Francesco Sal. Cenni storico-critici
Hogarth, George. Memoirs of the Musical intorno alia vita ed alle opere del celebre
Drama. London, 1838. compositore di musica Giovanni Adolfo
Hogarth, George. Musical History, Biogra- Hasse. Venice, 1820.
phy, and Criticism. London, 1838. Karajan, Theodor Georg von. Josef Haydn in
Holmes, Edward. The Life of Mozart. New London, 1791 uud 1792. Vienna, 1863.
York, 1860. Karasowski, Moritz. Frederic Choiiin. His
Hueffer, Franz. Kichard Wagner, and the Life, Letters, and Works. Translated by
Music of the Future. London, 1874. Emily Hill. London, 1879.
Hueffer, Franz. Musical Studies. A series of Kastner, Emerich. Wagner-Catalog. Ott'en-
contributions. London, 1880. bach, 1878.

HuefTer, Franz. Richard Wagner. London, Kauflfmanu, Emil. Entwickelungsgang der
1883. Toukunst von der Mitte des vorigeu Jahr-
Hullah, John. The History of Modern Music. hunderts. Tiibingeu, 1884.
London, 1875. Kenney, Charles Lamb. A Memoir of Michael
Hullah, John. The Third or Transition Period William Balfe. London, 1875.
of Musical History. London, 1876. Kienzl, Wilhelm. Miscellan. Gesammelte Auf-
siitze iiber Musiker, etc. Leipsic, 1886.
Kleczynski, Jean. Frederic Cho])in do I'in-
;
TACQUOT, ALBERT. La musique en Lor- terpretation de ses ceuvTes. Paris, 1880.

" raine. Paris, 1883. Kochel, Ludwig, Ritter von. Drei uud achtzig
Jahu, Otto. W. A. Mozart, Leipsic, 1856-59. Originalbriefe Beethovens. Vienna, 1865.
Jahu, Otto. Gesammelte Aufsatze iiber Musik. Kochel, Ludwig, Ritter von. Chrouologiscli-
Leipsic, 1866. thematisches Verzeichniss siimmtlicher
Jiihns, Wilhelm.
Friedi'ich Carl Maria von Tonwerke Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's.
Weber Werken. Berlin, 1871.
in seinen Leipsic, 1862.
Jansen, F. Gustav. Die Davidsbiiudler. Aus Kiistlin, Karl. Richard Wagner's Tondrama :
Robert Schumann's Sturm iind Drangpe- Der Ring des Nibelungeu. Tiibingen,
riode. Leipsic, 1883. 1877.
ninTJOGRAriiY
Kveissle, Heinrich von. Franz Schubert. Vi- Lyra, Justus W. .\ndreas Ornithoparciis und
enna, 1861. Translated by Arthur Duke dessen Lelire von den Kirchcnaccenten.
Coleridge, with an appendix by George Giitersloh, 1877.
Grove. London, 1869.
Kulke, Eduard. Richard Wagner, seine An-
hiinger und seiae Gegner. Leipsic, 1884. MACFARREN, Sir GEORGE ALEXANDER.
Kiimmerle, S. Encyclopadie der evangelischen ^^ Musical History. Edinburgh, 1885.
Kirchenmusik. Giitersloh, 1885. Maitland, J. A. Fuller. Schumann. Loudon,
Kur.schuer, Josef. Kichard Waguer-Jahrbuch. 1884.
Stuttgart, 1886, et seq. Mankell, Abraham. Sveriges Toukonst. Stock-
holm, 1853.
Marpurg, Friedrich Wilhelm. Historisch-kri-
T ABAT, JEAN BAPTISTE. Etudes sur tische Beytriige zur Auf nahme der Musik.
-^ I'histoire musique. Pari-s, 1852.
de la Berlin, 1756-78.
La Fage, Juste Adrieu Lenoir de. l5loge de Marshall, Mrs. Julian. Handel. London, 1883.
Choron. Paris, 1844. Martini, Gianibattista. Storia della musica.
Lajarte, Theodore de. Bibliothfeque musicale Bologna, 1757.
du theatre de I'opera. Paris, 1878. Marx, Adolf Bernhaid. Gluck und die Oper.
La Mara. Ludwig van Beethoven. Biogra- Berlin, 1863.
phische Skizze. Leipsic, 1873. Mai-x, Adolf Bernhard. Erinuerungenaus niei-
La Mara. Musikalische Studienkopfe. Lei})- neu Leben. Berlin, 1865.
sic, 1879-82. Marx, Adolf Bernhard. Die Musik des neun-
La Mara. Musikerbi-iefe aus fiinf Jalirhuuder- zehnten Jahrhunderts und ihre Pflege.
ten. Leipsic, 1886. Leipsic, 1875.
Lampadius, W. A. Life of Felix Mendelssohn- Marx, Adolf Bernhard. Ludwig van Beetho-
Bartholdy. Translated by William Leon- ven. Leben lind Sehatt'en. Berlin, 1875.
hard Gage. Philadelphia, 1865. Mason, Lowell. Musical Letters from Abroad.
Langhans, Wilhehn. Die Geschichte der Mu- New York, 1854.
sik des 17. 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts. Leiji- Mattheson, Johann. Ehrenpforte der tiichtig-
sic, 1882. sten Capellmeister, Componisten, etc.
Larousse, Pierre. Grand dictionnaire uuiver- Hamburg, 1740.
sel du xix' siecle. Paris, 1866-78.Matthieu, Adolphe. Roland de Lattre, sa vie,
Ledebur, Carl Freiherr von. Tonkiinstler Lex- ses ouvrages. Ghent, n. d.
ikon Berlins, etc. Berlin, 1860. Mendel, Hermann. Musikalisches Conversa-
Lenz, Wilhelm von. Beethoven. Eine Kunst- tious-Lexikon. Berlin, 1870-83.
studie. Cassel, 1855-60. Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Karl. Goethe and
Lenz, Wilhelm von. Beethoven et ses trois INIendelssohn. Translated by M. E. von
styles. St. Petersburg, 1852. Glelm. London, 1874.
Lenz, Wilhelm vou. Die grossen Piano forte- Menestrel, Le. Paris, 1835, et seq.
Virtuosen vanserer Zeit, etc. Berlin, 1872. Mesnard, Leonce. Un siiccesseur de Beetho-
Liszt, Franz. Life of Chopin. Translated ven. Etude .sur Robert Schumann. Paris,
by Martha Walker Cook. Philadelphia, 1876.
1863. Meyer, Paul, J. S. Bach. Basel, 1887.
Liszt, Franz. Gesammelte Schriften. Leip- Miel, Edmfi Francois Antoine. Notice .sur la
sic, 1880-82. vie, etc., de Cherubini. Paris, 1835 1842. ;
Lobe, Johann Cliristiau. Aus dem Leben eines Mirecourt, Eugene. Fflicien David. Meyer-
Musikers. Leijisic, 1859. beer. Rossini. Berlioz. Auber. In Les
Lomenie, Louis de. Cherubini, par uu honime Contemporains. Paris, 1869.
de rien. Paris, 1841. Monatshefte fiir Musik-Geschichte. Herausge-
Ludwig, Hermann. Johann Georg Kastuer, geben von der Gesellschaft fiir Musikfor-
ein elsSssicher Toudichter, etc. Leip.sic, schung. Berlin, 1869, seq.
1886. Monde Artiste, Le. Paris, 1860, seq.
Lumley, Benjamin. Keminiscences of the Oj)- Morsch, Anna. Der italienische Kirchenge-
era. London, 1864. sang bis Palestrina. Berlin, 1887.
lillll.IoaHM'IlY
Moschek'S, Igiiace. Tho Lifo of Beethoven. Nohl, Ludwig.
Beethoven's Leben. Leip.sic,
Loudon, 1841. and Stuttgart, 1867-77.
Moscheles' Lebeu, Ans. Heiausgegeben von Nohl, Ludwig. Neue Briefe Beethovens. Leip-
seiner Fiaii. Leipsie, 1872. sie, 1867.
Musical Keview. London, 1818-28. Nohl, Ludwig. Musiker-Briefe. Leipsie, 1873.
Musical Standard. London, 18G2, et seq. Nohl, Ludwig. Mozart's Leben. Leipsie,
Musical Time.s. London, 1844, et .seq. 1877. English translation by Lady Wallace.
Musikaliscbe Briefe. Wahrheit iiber Tonkuust London, 1877.
iiud Tonkiinstler. Yon eineni "Wohlbe- Nohl, Ludwig. :Mozart nach den Schilderun-
kannten. Leipsie, 18.52. gen seiner Zeitgenossen. Leipsie, 1878-
Musikaliscbes Wochenblatt. Organ fiU' Ton- 80.
kiinstler nndMnsikfreunde. Leipsie, 1870, Nohl, Ludwig. JIusiker-Biographien. Leip-
et seq. sie, 1883.
Musiol, Kobert. Wilhehn Fritze. Kin nui- Nohl, Ludwig.
Life of Wagner. Translated
sikalisclies Cliarakterbild. Demniin, 1S.S8. by George P. Upton. Chicago, 1884.
Nolil, Ludwig. Die geschichtliche Entwickel-
lÂUM.^NN, EMIL. Nacliklange. Berlin, ung der Kammerniusik, etc. Brunswick.
^ 1872. 1885.
Xaumann, Eniil. Illnstrirte Musikge.scliichte. Notes and Queries. London.
Stuttgart, 1880-85. English translation by Nottebohm, Gustav. Thematisches Yerzeicli-
E. Praeger, edited by Sir F. A. Gore Ouse- niss der iiu Druck erschieuenen Werke
ley. London, n. d. von Ludwig van Beethoven. Leipsie,
Nanmann, Emil. Deutsche Tondichter von Se- 1868.
bastian Bach bis auf die Gegenwart. Bei-- Nottebohm, Gustav. Beethoveniana. Leipsie
lin, 1882. and Winterthur, 1872.
Naumann, Emil. Italienische Tondichter von Nottebohm, Gustav. Beethoven's Studien.
Palestrina bis auf die Gegenwart. Berlin, Leipsie, 1873.
1883. Nottebohm, Gustav. Thematisches, Yerzeich-
Nemeitz, J. C. Nachlese besonderer Nachrich- niss der im Druck ersehienenen Wei'ke
ten von Italien. Leipsie, 1726. von Franz Schubert. Yienna, 1874.
Neuer Necrolog der Deutscheu. Ilmenau, Nottebohm, Gustav. Ein Skizzenbuch von
1823-46. Beethoven. Leip.sic, 1880.
Neue Berliner Musikzeitung. Berlin, 1847, Nottebohm, Gustav. Mozartiana. Leipsie,
et seq. 1880.
Neue Zeitschrift fiir Musik. Begrundet von Nottebohm, Gustav.
Zweite Beethoveniana.
Eobert Schumann. Leipsie, 1834, et .seq. Nachgela.ssene Aufsiitze. Leipsie, 1887.
Ni.sard, Theodore. Le Pere Lambillotte et NoufHard, Georges. Hector Berlioz et le
Dom Anselme Schubiger. Paris, 1857. mouvement de I'art contemporain. Paris,
Nisard, Theodore. Biographies. Paris, 1866. 1885.
Nisard, Theodore. Monographic de .Jean Phi- Nouvelle Biographie Gfuerale.
lippe Kanieau. Paris, 1867. Nuitter, Charles, et Ernest Thoiuan. Lea
Nisard, Theodore. Pergolesi. Henri VIII, roi origines de I'opCra fraueais. Paris, 1886.
d'Angleterre. Paris, 1867.
Nisai-d, Theodore. Saint-Odon de Cluny. Lully.
Monographic de Jean Gilles, celfebre com- AESTEBREICHISCHE Musiker Zeitung.
positeur provencal. Paris, 1866. Yienna, 1875, et seq.
Nissen, Georg Nikolaus von. Biographie W. Opel. Julius Otto. Die Hofoper unter dem
A. Mozart's. Leipsie, 1828. Administrator Herzog August in Halle.
Nohl, Ludwig. Mozart's Briefe. Nach den 1885. !
Originalenherausgegeben. Salzburg, 1865. Opel, Julius Otto. Der Kammerdiener Georg

English translation by Lady Wallace, New Handel und seinSohn Georg Friedrich.
York, 1866. 1885,
Nohl, Ludwig Musikaliscbes Skizzenbuch. Opel, Julius Otto. Die Hallischen Hiiuser der
Munich, 1866. Familie des Tondicters Handel. 1885.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Oppel, Kail. Tomlichter Album. Coblentz, DAMANN, L. Franz Liszt. Als Kunstler
188G. -^ undMensch. Leipsic, 1880. 2d vol., 1887.
Ortigue, J. M. cV. La musiqiie a I'eglise. Baoul-Rochette. Notice historique sur la vie
Paris, 1861. et les ouvrages de Cherubini. Paris, 1843.
Refuveille, J. A. Boieldieu, sa vie et sea
ceuvres. Rouen, 1851.
Reimann, Heinrich. Robert Schumann's Leben
pHIPSON, THOMAS LAMBE. Biogiaplii- und Werke. Leipsic, 1887.
cal Sketches and Anecdotes of Celebrated Reissmann, August. Allgemeine Gesohichte
Violinists. London, 1877. der Musik. Munich, 1863.
Piccbianti, Luigi. Notizie sulla vita, etc., di Reissmann, August. Felix Mendelssohn-
Luigi Cherabini. Milan, 1843 ; Florence, Bartholdy. Sein Leben und seine Werke.
1844. Berlin, 1867.
Picquot, L. Notice sur la vie et les ouvrages Reissmann, August. Robert Schumann. Sein
de Luigi Boccherini, etc. Paris, 1851. Leben und seine Werke. Berlin, 1871.
Pixfirecourt, Vie de Reissmann, August. Josef Haydn. SeiuLeljen
Rene Charles Guilbert.
Nicolas Dala>Tac. Paris, 1810. und seine Werke. Berlin, 1879.
Place, Chai-les. Essai sur la composition, etc. Reissmann, August. Johann Sebastian Bach.
Paris, 1842. Sein Leben und seine Werke. Berlin and
Pohl, Karl Ferdinand. Mozart und Haydn in Leipsic, 1881.
London. Vienna, 1867. Reissmann, August. Illustrirte Gesohichte der
Pohl, Karl Ferdinand. Josef Haydn. Leip- deutschen Musik. Leipsic, 1881.
sic, 1878. Reissmann, August. Christoph Willibald von
Pohl, Kichard. Franz Liszt. Studien und Gluck. Sein Leben und seine Werke.
Erinnerungen. Leijiisic, 1883. Berlin and Leipsic, 1882.
Pohl, Richard. Richard Wagner. Studien Reissmann, August. Georg Friedrich Handel.
rind Kritiken. Leipsic, 1883. Sein Leben und seine Werke. Berlin and
Pohl, Richard. Hector Berlioz. Studien und Leipsic, 1882.
Erinnerungen. Leijjsic, 1884. Reissmann, August. Carl Maria von Weber.
Poiset, Charles. Histoire de la musique en Sein Leben und seine Werke. Berlin,
France. Paris, 1860. 1883.
Polko, Elise. Reminiscences of Felix Men- Reissmann, August. Die Oper in ihrer kuust-
delssohn-Bartholdy. Translated by Lady und kulturhistorischen Bedeutung darge-
Wallace. New York, 1809. stellt. Stuttgart, 1885.
Poole, Reginald Lane. Sebastian Bach. Lon- Reissmann, August. The Life and Works of
don, 1882. Robert Schumann. Translated by Abby
Pougin, Arthur. Bellini, sa vie, ses ceuvres. Langdon Alger. London, 1886.
Paris, 1868. Reissmann, August. Friedrich Lux. Sein
Pougin, Arthur. Albert Griser, etude artisti- Leben und seine Werke. Leipsic, 1888.
que. Paris, 1870. Rellstab, Ludwig. Ludwig Berger, ein Denk-
Pougin, Arthur. Notice sur Rode, violoniste mal. Berlin, 1846.
francais. Paris, 1874. Re^^ê et Gazette musicale. Paris, 1835-80.
Pougin, Arthur. Boieldieu, sa vie, ses ceuvres, Revue musicale. Paris, 1827-33.
etc. Paris, 1875. Riehl, Wilhelm Heinrich. Mnsikalische Cha-
Pougin, Arthur. Rameau. Essai sur sa vie et rakterkiipfe. Ein geschichtliches Skizzen-
ses ceuvres. Paris, 1876. buch. Stuttgai't, 1868-78.
Pougin, Arthur. Adolphe Adam, sa vie, sa Riemann, Hugo. Musik-Lexikon. Leipsic,
carriere, ses memoires artistiques. Paris, 1887.
1877. Riss^, Joseph. Franz Schubert und seine Lie-
Pougin, Arthur. Les viais createurs de I'opera der. Hanover, 1872.
francais, Perrin et Camliert. Paris, 1881. Ritter, Frederic Louis. History of Music.
Prieger, Karl. Urtheile bedeutender Dichter, London, 1876.
Philosojihen und Musiker tiber Mozart. Ritter, Frederic Louis. Music in England.
Wiesbaden, 1880. New York, 1883.
BIBLTOGRAPIIY
Music in America, Schoelcher, Victor. The Life of Handel. Lon-
Bitter, Fredeiic Louis.
j
New York, 1883. don, 1857.

FrieiUicb. Fiir Freunde tier Tou- Schubart, Christian Friedrich Daniel. Ideen
Rocblitz,
Leipsic, 182-i-32. zu einer Aesthetik der Tonkunst. Vienna,
kunst.
Rockstro, William Smyth. The Life of George 1806.
Frederick Handel. London, 1883. Schumann, Robert. Gcsammelte Schrifteu

Ivockstro, William Smyth. Mendelssohn. iiber Musik und Musiker. Leipsic, 1875.
Loudon, 1881. English translation by Fanny Raymond

Rockstro, William Smyth. A General History Ritter. London, 1877.
London, 1886. Scliure, Edouard. Histoire du Lied. Paris,
of Music.
Rossini, Vie de, par un dilettante. Antwerp, 1876.
18.39. Schur6, Edouard. Le drame musical. Paris,

Rowbotham, John Frederick. A History of 1886.
Music. London, 1885, et seq. Schuster, Heinrich i\I. Robert Franz. Leipsic,
Rudhart, Fr. M. Geschichte der Oper am Hofe 1874.
zu Miinohen. Freising, 1865. Scudo, P. Critique et litterature mnsicales.

Paris, 1856-59.
OAMMLUNG MUSIKALISCHER VOR- Selden, Camille. La musique en AUemagne.

^ TRAGE. Herausgegebcu von Paul, Graf Mendelssohn. Paris, 1867.
Waldersee. Leijisic, 1879- Signale fiir die musikalische Welt. Leipsic,

.
Sandberger. Leben iind Werke des Dichter- 1843, et seq.

musikers Peter Cornelius. Leipsic, 1887. Smith, John Christopher. Anecdotes of
George
Sarau, August. Robert Franz und das deutsche Frederick Handel. London, 1799.
Volks-und Kircbenlied. Leipsic, 1875. Sowinski, Albert. Les musiciens polonais et

Sauzay, Eugene. Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven. slaves. Paris, 1857.
Spitta, Philipp. Johann Sebastian Bach.
Etude sur le quatuor. Paris, 188-4.
Schafhautl, Karl Emil von. Abt Georg Joseph Leipsic, 1873-80. English translation by
Vogler. Sein Leben, sein Charakter, und Clara Bell and J. A. FuUer-Maitland, Lon-
musikalisches System, etc. Augsburg, don, 1884.

Spitta, Philipp. Handel und Bach. Zwei
1888.
Schilling, Gustav. Univer.sal Lexicon derTon- Festreden. Bonn, 1885.
kunst. Stuttgart, 1835-42. Heinrich
Spitta,Schiitz. Eine
Philipp.
Schindler, Anton. Biographie von Ludwig Hildburghausen, 1886.
Gediichtnissrede.
van Beethoven. Ml'inster, 1860. Spitta, Philipp. Die Passionen nach den vier
Schletterer, Hans Michael. Zur Geschichte Evangelien von Heinrich Schiitz. Leip-
dramatischer Musik und Poesie in Deutsch- sic, 1886.
Spohr, Louis. Autobiography. Translated

land. Augsburg, 1863.
Schletterer, Hans Michael. Johanu Friedrich from the German. London, 1865.
Friedrich Handel. Ein
Reichardt. Sein Leben und seine musika- Stein, Armiu. Georg
Augsburg, 1865. Kiinstlerleben. Halle, 1882.
lische Thiitigkeit.
Schletterer, Hans Michael. Historisches und Strohschneider, Josef St. W. A. Mozart.
thematisclies Verzeichniss der Werke von Fragile, 1887. i
Ludwig Spohr. Leipsic, 1881.

Schletterer, Hans ISIichael. Studien zur Ge- riÂPPERT, WILHELM. Richard Wai 'agner.
schichte der franziisisclien Musik. Berlin,

^ Sein Leben und seine Werke. Elberfeld.
Elbei
1887. 1883.
Schmid, Anton. Christoph Willibald, Ritter Thayer, Alexander Wheelock. Ludwig van
von Gluck. Dessen Leben und tonk\inst- Beethoven's Chronologisches Verzeich-
lerisches Wirken. Leipsic, 1854. niss der Werke. Berlin, 1865.
Schneider, Louis. Geschichte der Oper in Thayer, Alexander Wheelock. Ludwig van
Berlin. Berlin, 1845-52. Beethoven's Leben. Berlin, 1866 et seq.
Re-
Schneider, Karl Ernst. Uas musikalische Lied Thoinan, Ernest, Un Bisaieul de
Moliere.
in geschichtlicher Entwickelung. Leipsic, cherche.s sur les ISIazuel, musiciens des xvi
1863-65. et xvii siecles. Paris, 1878.
BIBLlOfrRAPIIY
Tluaue, Carl. Fiieclrich Knlilau. Translated Voigt, W. HSndels Samson und Bachs Mat-
from the Danish, Leipsic, 1886. thiius Passion. Ein Vortrag. Gottingen,
Tournaillou, H. Sur Adolphe Adam. Orleans, 1885.
1857.
Townsend, Pauline D. Joseph Haydu. Lou- WAGNER, RICHARD. Gesammelte Schrif-
don, 1884. '
ten und Dichtungen. Leipsic, 1871-73.
Wagner, Richard. Beethoven. English trans-
TILIBISOHEFF, ALEXANDER. Nouvelle lation by Albert C. Parsons. Boston,
biographie de Mozart. Moscow, 1843. 187-2.
Ulibischeff, Beethoven. Seine Wangemann, Otto. Geschichte des Oratori-

Alexander.
Kritiker und seine Ausleger. Translated ums. Demmin, 1881-82.
into German by Ludwig Bischoff. Leip- Walsh, Vicomte J. A. Proces-vei-bal de la
sic, 1859. c6r6monie funebre en I'honneur de Boiel-
Upton, George P. The Standard Operas. dieu. Rouen, 1835.
Chicago, 1885. Wasielewski, Joseph Wilhelm von. Die Vio-
Upton, George P. The Standard Oratorios. line und ihre Meister. Leipsic, 1869.
Chicago, 1887. Wasielewski, Joseph Wilhelm von. Life of
Upton, George P. The Standard Cantatas. Robert Schumann. English translation
Chicago, 1888. by A. L. Alger. Boston, 1871.
Upton, George P. The Standard Symphonies. Wasielew.ski, Joseph Wilhelm von. Schu-
manniana. Bonn, 1883.
Wasielewski, Joseph Wilhelm von. Ludwig
VAN DEE STEAETEN, EDMOND. La mn- van Beethoven. Berlin, 1888.
sique aux Pays-Bas avant le xix'^ sifecle. Weber, Max Maria von. Carl Maria von Weber.
Brussels, 1867-85. Ein Lebensbild. Leipsic, 1864. Eng-
Vapereau, Gustave. Dictionnaire universel des lish translation by J. Palgrave Simpson.
contemporains. Paris, 1880. London, 1865.
Vascoucellos, Joaquin de. Os musicos portu- Wegeler, F. G., und Ferdinard Eies. Bio-
guezes. Oporto, 1870. graphische Notizen iiber Ludwig van Beet-
Verzeichniss, Thematisches, der bisher im hoven. Coblentz, 1838.
Drnck erschienenen Werke von Johannes Weitzmann, Karl Friedrich. Geschichte des
Brahms. Berlin, 1887. Clavierspiels und der Clavierliteratur.
Vierteljahi'sschrift fiir Musik-Wissenscliaft. Stuttgart, 1863.

Leipsic, 1885, et seq. Wellner, August. Musikalische Skizzen und
A'illemarest, Maxime de. Souvenirs de F. Studien. Hildburghausen, 1885.
Blaugiui. 1797-183-4. Paris, 1834. Wellner, August. Karl Loewe. Ein deutscher
Viotta, Henri. Lexicon der toonkunst. Am-
Tonmeister. Leipsic, 1885.
sterdam, 1883. Wellner, August. Die geistliche, insonderheit
Vischer, Friedricli Theodor. Aesthetik oder die geistliche Oratorien-Musik unseres
Wissenschaft des Schonen. iii. Stuttgart, Jahrhnnderts. Hildburghausen, 1885.
1857. Wichniaun, Hermann. Gesammelte Aufsiitze.
Vogel, Beruhard. Eicliard Wagner. Sein Berlin, 1885.

Leben und .seine Werke. Leipsic, 1883. Winterfeld, Carl von. Johannes Pierlnigi von
Vogel, Beruhard. Robeit Schumann's Kla- Palestrina. Breslau, 1832.
viertonpoesie. Leipsic, 1886. Winterfeld, Carl von. Johannes Gabrieli und
Vogel, Bernliard. Franz Liszt als Lyriker. sein Zeitalter. Berlin, 1834.
Leip.sic, 1887. Winterfeld, Carl von. Der evangelisehe Kir-
Vogel, Beruhard. Hans von Biilow. Sein chengesang und sein Verhiiltniss zur Kunst
Leben und sein Entwickelungsgang. Mu- des Tonsatzes. Leipsic, 1843-47.
sikheroen der Neuzeit. iii. Leipsic, 1887. Wurzbach, Constant von. Biographisches Lex-
Vogel, Bernhard. Johannes Brahms. Sein ikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich. Vi-
Lebensgang und eine Wiirdigung seiner enna, 1856, et seq.
Werke. Musikheroeu der Neuzeit. iv. Wurzbach, Constant von. Mozart-Buch. Vien-
Leipsic, 1888. na, 1869.
TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS.
A., Alto. M., JMonsieur.

B., Bass, Basso, etc. Mile, Mademoiselle.
Bar., Baritone. Mme, Madame.
B. M. Beata Maria Virgo.
v., MS., MSS., Manuscript, Manuscripts.
Biog., Biography, Biogratia, etc. M. S., Mezzo-soprano.
Cath., Cathedral. Mas. Bac, Bachelor of Music.
Cb., Churcb. Mus. Doc, Doctor of Music.
Col., Collection. n. d., no date.
do., ditto. op., opus, opera.

etc., et cetera. R A. M., Royal Academy of Music.
et seq., et secjiientia. S., Soprano.
Pr., Freiicb. S., Sta., San, Santa.
Ger., German. S. M., Santa Maria.
ib., ibidem. Sp., Spianish.
id., idem. St., Saint.
It., Italian. T., Tenor.

L. of Honour, Legion of Honour. Voc, Voces.
Lib., Liber. Vol., Volume.
WoirU in italics indicate the alphabetical place of articles un the subjeds specified.
;
CYCLOPEDIA
OP
Music and Musicians
ABACO, EVAEISTO FELICE DALL', Maggiore, and remained there until his de-
born in Verona, in 1662, died iu Mu- cease. Most of his compositions, masses,
nich, Feb. 26, 1726. Violinist, Con- psalms, motets, etc., are in manuscript, and
certmeister in the band of the Elector Max are pi-eserved in the archives of the churches
Emmanuel of Bavaria. Works 12 sonatas in which he served. He assisted Kircher in
:
for violin 10 concertos for four writing his Musurgia, and is said by Allaci
and bass ;
parts, for church use 12 sonatas for two vio- to have written an opera Del male in bene,
;
:
lins, violoncello, and bass Sonata for violin Rome, 1654. Works published Psalms, four
;
:
and bass 6 concertos for four violins, alto, books (1630-35); Motets, for two, three, four,
;
bassoon, violoncello, and bass. These works and five voices (1636-38) Masses, three ;
were published in Amsterdam. Fotis ; Men- books (1638-50). After his death, his pupil,
del, Ergdnz., 1. Dominique del Pane, published his An-
ABADIA, NATALE, born in Genoa, Italy, tiennes for twelve tenors and twelve basses
March 11, Dramatic com-
1792, died (?). (Rome, 1677). Fi'tis Mendel, Ergiinz., 1.
;
poser, pupil of Pietro Eaimondi and of ABBfi, JOSEPH B.ARNABE S.AEXT-

L. Cerro. Works L'imbroglione ed il
: SfiVIN, called, born at Agen (Lot-et-Ga-
castigamatti, opera buffa, given in Genoa, ronne), June 11, 1727, died at Maisous, near
1812 La Giannina di Pontieu, ossia la Vil-
;
Charenton, in 1787. Violinist, son and pupil
lanella d'onore, musical drama, ib., 1812 ;
of Philippe de Saint-Sevin, called Abbe
Mass for three voices ; Mass for four voices, (who, from 1727, was a violoncellist of re-
with orchestra ; Vesper service ; Motets. piite in the orchestra of the Opera in Paris)
Fetis. then pupil of Leclair in 1740-42. He was a

ABBATINI, ANTONIO MARIA, born at violinist at the Conu-die Franyaise in 1739,
Tiferno, or at Castello, Italy, in 159-5, died and the Opera in 1742, whence he retii-ed
in Castello in 1677. He was maestro di cap- after twenty years of service. He published
pella, in Rome, eight works of sonatas and trios for the vio-
of S. Giovanni in Laterano
in 1626, of the Gesft in 1628, of S.Maria lin. Fetis.
Maggiore in 164546, and then of S. Lo- ABEGG VARIATIONS, theme on the
renzo e Damaso again of S. Maria Mag- name Abegg, with variations for pianoforte,
;
giore in 1649-57, of S. ]Maria di Loretto by Schumann, op. 1, dedicated to Pauline,

until 1672, when he returned to S. Maria Countess d' Abegg composed in the first ;
ABEILLE
half of 1830 ;
published iu July, 1832. This ABEL, KARL FRIEDRICH, born at
work was inspired by a beautiful woman, Kothen, about 1725, died in London, June
Meta Abegg, whose uarne, represented in 22, 1787. Viol-da-
musical notes, Schumann used for the mo- gamba virtuoso, pu-
tive of his conijiosition. It is worked up in pil at the Thomas-
waltz rhythiQ, f)robably iu memory of the schule, Leipsic, of
which he met the young lady. The
ball at Sebastian Bach ; one
Countess d'Abegg is a mythical jJerson, in- of the court band at
vented for the occasion. Reissmann (Al- Dresden, under
ger), 37. Hasse, in 17i8-58.
ABEILLE, (JOHAXN CHRISTIAN) After travelling
LUDWIG, born at Baireuth, Feb. 20, 17G1, through Germany, he
(lied at Stuttgart, March 2, 1838. Pianist went in 1759 to London, where he gave, April
and organist, pujjil of Boroni and Siimann 5, a concert composed entirely of his own
at the Karlsschule in Stuttgart. He joined music. He was appointed chamber-musician
the jjrivate band of the Duke of Wiirtem- to Queen Charlotte, with a salary of 200.
berg in 1782, succeeded Zumsteeg as Con- Having joined John Christian Bach on his
certmeister iu 1802, and was subsecpeutly arrival in London iu 17G2, he aided him in
made director of official music, and organist conducting Mrs. Cornelys's subscrij)tion con-
in the court chapel. In 1832 Abeille re- certs, the first of which was given in Carlisle
ceived a ijension and royal gold medal for House, Soho Square, in 1765, and which con-
his fifty years' services. Among his works tinued many years. The violinist Wilhelm
are eight Lieder, an Ash- Wednesday hymn Cramer made his first appearance at these
for four voices, and two operettas Amor concerts, and Haydn's symphonies were there
:
luid Psj'che, Augsburg, 1801 and Peter und first performed in England.
; After Bach's
Aeunchen, 1810 which have been arranged death, in 1782, the concerts, conducted by
;
for the pianoforte. He also wrote for the Abel alone, were unsuccessful. He returned
harpsichord, sonatas, concertos, etc., some to Germany in 1783, visiting Berlin and
with violin and violoncello accompaniment. Ludwigslust, where he played, but revisited
A Miserei'e, with full chorus, is jDreserved in Loudon again iu 1785, and played in the
the MS. department of the Imperial Library, Subscription Concerts of Mr. Salomon and
Paris. Allgem. d. Biogr., i. 7 ; Fetis ; Men- Mme. Mara at the Pantheon and in the
del. newly established Professional Concerts he ;
ABEL, oratorio,music by Thomas Augus- played last iu public at Mrs. Billington's

tine Ai-ne, first performed at Drury Lane, concert, May 21, 1787. He was the greatest
London, March 12, 1755. It was not suc- and last virtuoso upon his instrument, which,
cessful, but one of its melodies, known as after his death, fell into disuse. Much of
the Hymn of Eve, is simple and beautiful, Abel's music was published by Bremner, of
and became very popular. London, and Hummel, of Berlin. Among the
ABEL, CLAINIOR HEINRICH, born in best known are A fifth set of Six Overtures, :
Westphalia, middle of 17th century, time of oj). 11 (Bremner), and Six Sonatas, op. 18 ;
death unknown. Chamber-musician to the his instrumental pieces are contained in

court of Hanover. He composed for string seventeen works. He wrote the music for
instruments, in the form of Allemandes, the operas Love in a Village (London, 1760) :
CtMirantes, Sarabands, etc. Erstlinge mu- and Berenice (1761).

: Allgem. d. Biogr., i.
sikalischer Blumen (3 vols., Frankfort, 1071, 13 Fetis Mendel. ; ;
1G7G, 1G77) also published as Drei Opera

; ABEL.\, KARL GOTTLOB, born at Bor-
rausica (Brunswick, 1687), Futis. na, Saxony, April 29, 1823, died at Halle,
;
A BELL
April 22, 184:1. Vocal composer, pupil in same subject is treated iu the operas Aben-
Dresden of A. G. Fischer weut to Halle in hamet et Zoraide, hy Giusejjpe Niccoliui,
;
1825, and shortly after was made cantor at Milan, 1805 Zoraide, by Giuseppe Fari- ;
St. Mary's Church. He did much toward nelli, Venice, 1816 Zoraide, or Der Friede ;
the jjromotion of vocal music iu the public von Granada, by Karl Blum, Berlin, 1821 ;
schools. Works Collection of songs for Zoraide di Grauata, by Donizetti, Rome,

:
two, three, and four voices (Leipsic, Hart- 1822 Der letzte Abencerage, text by Lud-
;
kuoch, -Ith ed., 1848) 160 songs, followed wig Bartog, music by Franz Sarosi (Schauer),
;
by canons for several voices (ib., Breitkopf Pesth, Jan. 4, 1887. Bellasis, Cherubini,
& Hiirtel) ; 120 quartets for male voices 206.
(ib.) ; Der Siingerbimd, (juartets for do. ABENHAMET E ZOR-HDE. See Aben-
(Halle, Knapp). Fetis. rerarjfa.
ABELL, JOHN, born in London (?) about ABENHEIJH, JOSEPH, born at Worms
1()C0, died iu Cambridge in 1724. Alto in 1804, still living, 1888. Violinist, studied
singer and lute player, probably educated the violin and pianoforte at Worms and
in the choir of the Chapel Royal, of which Darmstadt, and theory at Mannheim, where
he was a member in 1079, and afterwards he entered the orchestra. In 1825 he was
sent by Charles H. to study in Italy, whence made a member of the royal orchestra at
he returned in 1688. Having re-entered the Stuttgart, visited Paris in 1828, and studied
Chapel Royal, lie was dismissed, after the composition under Reiclia, and after his re-
Revolution of 1688, on account of his Roman turn was promoted to a more elevated posi-
Catholic faith, and, after travelling on the tion in the orchestra, until in 1854 he be-
Continent, leading a vagrant life, returned came director of music. Works Music for :
to London iu 1700 and settled at Cam- the drama Hariadan, played at Stuttgart,
bridge. Works Les airs d'Abell pour le 1842 Psalm for four voices Pater noster
: ; ; ;
concert (Amsterdam); A Collection of Songs, Songs without words, for pianoforte (Stutt-
in several languages (London, 1701) Col- gart, Hallberger)
; 2 nocturnes for do., op. ;
lection of Songs in English (ib.).

Grove 8 (ib.) Polonaise (Carlsruhe, Creuzbauer)
; ;
Fetis Mendel Schilling.

; ; 6 songs, with pianoforte, op. 2 (Leipsic,
ABENCERAGES, LES (The Abeucer- Breitkopf & Hiirtel) 6 do., op. 5 (Stuttgart, ;
rages), French opera iu three acts, test by Copel) Der deuLsche Rhein, for a single
;
Jouy, music by Cherubini first represented voice (Stuttgart, Schnitz) etc. Many entr'-
; ;
at the Opera, Paris, April G, 1813. This actes and overtures, which remain iu manu-
performance was attended by the Emperor script. Fetis Mendel. ;
Napoleon, who left Paris the morning after ABERT, (JOHANN) JOSEF, born at
to attemjjt to check the advance of the Allies. Kochowitz, Bohemia, Sept. 21, 1832, still
Tlie libretto is founded on the romantic, but living, 1888. Dramatic composer, first in-
now disjjroved, story of the feud between structed in the Augustine convent at Bohm-
the two Moorish families the Zegris and the isch-LeijJa, but at the age of fifteen i-au
AbenceiTages, and the murder in the Alham- away, and became a pupil at the Conserva-
bra, by order of the sovereign of Granada, torium, Prague, of Kittl and Tomaczek. In
of all the jarinces of the latter name, on his 1852 he obtained an engagement as contra-
discoverj' of illicit relations between one of bassist in the court orchestra at Stuttgart,
them and his own wife or sister. The storj-, and in the year following brought out his
as given by Ginez Perez de Hita in his "His- first symphony in C minor. After having
toria de los Vandos, de los Zegries y Aben- produced his first opera in 1859, he lived
cerages " (Saragossa, 1595), has been retold for several years in Paris and London, and
by Floriau, Chateaubriand, and others. The in the former place was much aided by in-
;
ABOS
tercourse with Rossini, Auber, and Halevy. St. Peter and Paul's, Wantage, 1865 St. ;
About I860 he was appointed royal director Paul's, St. Leonard's-on-Seu, 1869. Works :
of music at Stuttgart, and in 1867 Hof- Jerusalem, cantata The Widow of Nain, ;
Kapellmeister. Works Symphony in C oratorio Anthems, services, pianoforte mu-

: ;
minor, given iu Stuttgart, 1853 ; do. in A sic, etc.
major, 1856
ib., Antia von Landskron,
; ABRAMS, HENRIETTA, born in Eng-
opera, 1859 KOuig Eazio, ojêra, ib., land in 1760, died in the tu-st half of the
ib., ;
1862 ;Columbus, symphonic poem, ib., 19th century. The eldest of three sisters,
1864; Astorga, opera, ib., Sept. 20, 186G singers, pupil of Dr. Ai'ue first appeared
; ;
Ekkehard, opera, Berhn, 1878 Die Almo- in public at the Drury Lane Theatre in 1775,
;
haden, opera, written iu 1886 Concert- and composed several songs which became
;
Overtures, String Quartets, Compositions very popular, to wit The Orphan's Prayer, :
for the jjianoforte, and Songs.

Brockhaus and Crazy Jane. In 1787 she published A;
Fetis, Supplement, i. 2 Mendel Riemaun. Collection of Songs, and A Collection of

; ;
ABOS, GIROLAMO, born at Mdta in Scotch Songs harmonized for three voices.
the beginning of the 18 th century, died in Grove.
Naples about 1786. Dramatic composer. ABSCHEULICHER See FideUo. !
He taught in the Couservatorio deUa Pieta, ABSCHIEDS SYMPHONIE (Farewell

Najsles, the singer Aprile being his most Symphony), music by Josef Haydn date ;
famous piupil he visited Rome, Venice, and on autograph score, 1772. Published by
;
Tui-in, and was maestro al cembalo at the Simrock.

opera iu London in 1756. Works Operas
ABT, FRANZ, bom at Eilenburg, Prus-:
Le due zingare, given at Na^sles, Teatro sian Saxouj', Dec. 22,

Nuovo, 1742 La serva padrona, Naples,
; 1819, died at Wies-
about 1744 Ifigenia in Aulide, ib., about
; baden, March 31,
1745 La moglie gelosa, ib., Teatro de' Fio-
; 1885. Composer of
rentiui, 1745 Artaserse, Venice, 1746 Ad-
; vocal and of little-
;
riano, Rome, 1750 La pupilla e '1 tutore,

; known instrumental
Naples, about 1753 Tito Maulio, London, ; music, educated at
1756 Creso, ib., 1758. Church music 7
; the Thomasschule in
:
Masses, 2 Kyries, and several Litanies to the Leipsic, where, al-

Virgin are in manuscript in Rome, Naples, though destined for
and Turin, and in the Conservatory in Paris. theology, he was
Fetis; Mendel, Ergiinz., 3. drawn towards music by his acquaintance
ABRAHA:\IS OPFER (Abraham's Offer- with Mendelssohn. In 1841 he was appoint-
ing), oratorio, by Peter Joseph von Lind- ed musical director of the court theatre at
paintner, given at Stuttgart in 1821. The Bernburg, and iu the autumn of the same
characters are well conceived, the airs me- year of the theatre at Zurich, where he was
lodious and exj)ressive, the recitatives purely much sought as a leader of singing societies
declamatory, and the choruses vigorous and and a vocal teacher, and became jiopular as
full of fire. The instrumentation is very a composer. Called to Brunswick, in 1852,
suitable and was dedicated to as second Kapellmeister at the court theatre,
effective. It
Queen Victoria, who sent him, in return, iu he was appointed Hof-Kapellmeister iu 1855,
1848, a medal.
^Vllgem. mus. Zeit., xxiii. and pensioned in 1881. On the invitation
314. of several prominent singing societies, he
ABRAM, JOHN, born at Margate, Eng- visited the United States iu 1872, and won
land, Aug. 7, 1840, still living, 1888. Organ- great triumphs. He was ver}' prolific, and
ist, successively, at St. John's, Torquay, 1864 up to 1881 had published more than five
"
ABU
hundred and eighty books (Hefte), some of and America, whence he returned to Italy
theiu containing from twenty to thirty num- by way of England and France. He then
bers. His songs for a single voice, and devoted his whole attention to the theatre,
his part-songs, written especially for men's for which he worked not only as a composer,
voices, are not of high standing, artisticallj', but as a most expert machinist. His many
but sho^y a good deal of iiuent, melodious in- operas, of which only four are complete,
vention, although often verging on the senti- were well received throughout Italy, owing
mental. Certain of his songs, like " Weun to their novel, romantic style, and were fre-
die Schwalben heimwilrts ziehn," and "Gute quently performed. Under the name of
Nacht, du meiu herziges Kind," have be- Ireneo Amasiano he became, in 1690, a mem-
come household melodies. Among his part- ber of the Arcadi illustri, the famous acad-
songs are some of poetic beauty for in- emy founded by Queen Christina of Sweden.
;
stance, "Die stille Operas II girello, given at Modena, 1675,

:
W .
La damina placata, Venice,
as se rrose
Member
h o 1 ni
of Stock-
Academy,
^J^>^
rv
at Venice, 1682
1680 ; Ulisse in Feazia,
6 causa del suo
;
mal,
ib.,
pianga se
1680, 1681
stesso.
; Chi
1865 Brunswick order of Henry the Lion,

; Fetis ; Mendel.
18G9.
Mendel; Kiemanu. ACCORIMBONI, AGOSTINO, born in
ABU HASSAN, comic Singspiel in one Rome about 1754, died (?). Dramatic
act, text by Franz Hiemer, music by Carl composer. Works : II regno delle Amaz-
Maria von Weber, first represented in Mu- zoni, opera, given in Parma about 1782 II ;
nich, June 4, 1811. Weber began the podesta di Rome, 1786

tuft'o autico, opera, ;
score at Mannheim, Aug. 11, 1810, and, Masses, Motets, and Vesjiers, which are
after some interrujjtious, completed it at found in the churches of Romagua and
Darmstadt, Jan. 12, 1811. He dedicated it Lombardy. Fetis.
to the Grand Duke Ludwig, in the vain hope A CE BONHEUR SUPREME. See
that it would lead permanent ajjpoint- Zampa.
to a
ment at the court. It was produced with ACERES, Spanish dramatic com- ,
success in London, in 1825, in an English poser of the present time, who has made
dress, and was given at the Theatre Lyrique, himself known by several zarzuelas, jr comic
Paris, May 11, 1859, with a French text by operas Dos comicos de jjrovincia Sensi-
: ;
Nuitter and Beaumont.

Max M. von Weber, tiva El manco de Lepanto (written for the
;
Carl M. von W., i. 212, 272. anniversary of the death of Cervantes), given
ACCELLI, GESARE, Italian contrapunt- at Madrid, April 23, 1867 La bola negra, ;
ist of the second half of the 16th century-. 1872 or 1873 El testamento azul (with;
He published at Venice : Libro primo de' Barbieri and Oudrid), Madrid, Teatro del
madrigali a cinque voci, among which is Buen Retire, 1874. Fetis, Supplement, i. 3.
the one beginning, Donna mia casta e bella A CETTE CAUSE SAINTE. See Hugue-
(1557) ; others of his composition are found nols.
in the collection : De' floridi virtuosi d'ltalia ACH ! ICH FilHL'S. See Zauberflote.
il terzo libro de' madrigali a cinque voci, ACHILLE NELL" ASSEDIO DI TROJA
imovamente composto, etc. (Venice, 1586). (Achilles at the Siege of Troy), Italian opera,
Fctis. music by Cimarosa, represented at Rome,
ACCIAJUOLI, FILIPPO, born Rome
1798, during the carnival.
in An opera, same
in 1637, died there, Feb. 3, 1700. Dramatic title, music by Francesco Basili, was given
composer and poet as knight of the order at the Pergola Theatre, Florence, 1798.
;
of Malta he went to Palestine, travelled Achille placato, Italian opera, music by

through Europe, and parts of Asia, Africa, Antonio Lotti, given in Venice, 1707 L' ira ;
:
ACHILLE
d' Achille, music by Niccolini, given in Milan, 1664 by Antonio Caldara, Vienna, 1736 ;
;
1813 ; music by Fran- Giuseppe Arena, liome, 1738 Pietro Chia-

find L' ira d' Achille, ;
cesco Basili, Venice, 1817, deal with inci- rini, Brescia, 1739 Leonardo Leo, Turin,
;
dents of the siege. 1743 Nicoli) Jommelli, Vienna, 1745 An-

; ;
ACHILLE ET DEIDAAHE. See Achille tonio Mazzoni, Naples, 1750 Sciroli, Naples, ;
in Sciro. 1751 Manna, Milan, 1755 Johann Fried-

; ;
ACHILLE PLACATO. See Achille nell' rich Agricola, Berlin, 1758 Johann Adolph ;
assedio di Troja. Hasse, Naples, 1759 Ferdinaudo Giuseppe

;
ACHILLE ET POLYXfiNE (Achilles Bertoni, Venice, 1764 Johann Gottlieb ;
and Polyxena), lyrical tragedy in tive acts, Naumann, Palermo, 1767 Giovanni Pai- ;
text by Campistron, music by Lulli and siello, St. Petersburg, about 1780 Giuseppe ;
Colasse first rei^reseuted, Paris, Nov. 7, Sarti, Florence, 1781

;
Gaetano Puguani, ;
1687. The libretto is founded on the story Turin, 1785 Pietro Antonio Coppola, Na-
;
of the love of Achilles for Polyxena, daugh- ples, 1825. Achille a Soyros, a ballet in
ter of Priam. Achilles, having gone to the three acts, music by Cherubiui, was given
temple of Apollo, at Thymbra, to negotiate at the Opera, Paris, Dec. 18, 1804 and ;
his marriage, is treacherously slain there by Achille a Scyros, ojierette in one act, music
Paris, and Polyxena is afterward sacrificed by Laurent de Kille, at the Folies Nouvelles,
on his tomb by his sou Neoptolemus or Paris, in September, 1857. Achille et Deida-
Pyrrhus. The same subject is treated in mie, tragic opera in five acts, text by Danchet,
Polyxene et Pyrrhus, five acts, text by La- music by Andre Campra, given at the Acade-
serre, music by Colasse, given at the Acade- mie royale, Paris, Feb. 24, 1735 and Achil- ;
mic royale de musique, Oct. 21, 170G in les in Petticoats, English opera, music by
;
Pyrrhus et Polyxene, five acts, text by Joli- Thomas Augustine Arne, London, 1773,
veau, music by Dauvergne, Opera, Paris, deal with the same subject.
Jan. 11, 17G3 in Pyrrhus und Polyxene,
;
ACHILLEUS, dramatic oratorio, text by
by Peter von Winter, Vienna, 1781 Polyx- Heinrich Bulthaupt, music by Max Bruch,
;
ena, by Anton Schweitzer, "Weimar, about first jjerformed at the Khenish Festival,
1770 Polyxena, by E. W. Wolf, Weimar, 1885. The jioem, which is founded on in-
;
177G ; and Polyxena, by Leojjold Zeller, cidents from the "Iliad," deals with the dis-
Neu-Strelitz, 1781. content of the Greeks, the resentment of
ACHILLE IN SCIRO (Achilles in Sciros), Achilles, the death of Patroclus, and the
Italian opera in three acts, text by Metas- final triumph over Hector. It was fii-st given
tasio, first set to music by Caldara and rep- in America by the Liederkrauz Society, New
resented at Vienna, Feb. 13, 1736, on the York, Nov. 28, 1886, with the following cast
marriage of the Archduchess Maria Theresa Achilleus, C. Zobel Andromache, Miss
;
with Stephano Francesco, Grand Duke of Emily Winant Hector and Odysseus, M.;
Tuscanj'. Sabject, the adventures of the Treumann Polyxena and Thetis, Miss Hen-
;
young Achilles among the daughters of rietta Beebe Agamemnon and Priam, Max
;
Lj-comedes in Sciros, where he had been Heinrich conductor, Reinhold L. Herman.

;
introduced in the disguise of a maiden by Krehbiel, Review, 1886-87, 34.

his mother Thetis, to keep him from the ACHTER, PAUL ULRICH, born at Aich-
Trojan war, which she knew would be fatal bach, Bavaria, March 10, 1777, died there in
to him. Characters repi'esented Licomede, October, 1803.
: Violinist and church com-
Achille, Deidamia, XJlisse, Teagene, Nearco, posei-. The son of a tailor, he learned mu-
Arcade. Scene, the palace of Lycomedes in sic from the Benedictines, whose order he
Sciros. The libretto has been set to music joined in 1801. Among his works is a Mass
also bv Giovanni Legreuzi, given in Venice, of remarkable beauty. Fetis.
ACH
ACH WIE cantata for the the score with additional accompaniments
FLtJCHTIG,
24rtli Sunday by Johauu Sebas- for Baron Van Swieten in 1788. It was
after Trinity,
tian Bacli written for four voices, two vio- again put upon the stage at Drury Lane,
;
lins, viola, two Geriiiau flutes, three oboes, Feb. 5, 1842. The MS. is in Buckingham
and continuo. Published by the Bach- Palace. It was first printed by Randall,
Gesellschaft, vol. iii., Church Cantatas, 1855. successor to Walsh, in 1730, and has since
ACIS AND GALATEA (Ital., Aci or Acide been published by the Handel Society (Lon-
e Galatea; Fr., Acis et Galatee Ger., Acis don, 1846-47) and by the Handel- Gesell-
;
und Galathea), the story, as related by Ovid schaft (Leipsic, 1859). Hogarth, ii. 58 ;
(Met., xiii. 750), of the loves of the shejjherd Schleicher, Handel, 59 ; Eockstro, Handel,
Acis and the nymph Galatea. Polyphemus, 112, 173 ; Chrysander, ii. 262.
the Cyclop, jealous of Acis, crushed him un- ACTION,

opera comique in one act, text
der a huge stone, and his blood gushing by Scribe, music by Auber, given at the
forth was changed by Galatea into the river Opera Comique, Paris, Jan. 23, 1836. The
Acis or Acinus, which flows from under a story of this famous hunter, who was torn to
rock at the foot of lit. Etna. First treated pieces on Mt. Cithseron by his own hounds
by ]\Iarc Antoine Charpentier in Les Amours as a punishment for having surprised Diana
d'Acis et Galatee, opera, Paris, 1678 then and her nymphs while bathing, was first
;
by Giovanni Battista Lulli, text by Campis- treated musically by Marc Antoine Charpen-
tron, in Acis et Galatee, an heroic pastoral tier, Paris, about 1690.
in three acts, represented at the Chateau A CONSOLAKMI AFFRETISI. See
d'Anet, before the Dauphin, Sept. C, 1686, Linda.
and at the Opera, Paris, in 1687. Ga- ACTUS TRAGICUS.
Aci, See G'c/e.s Zeit ist
latea e Polifemo, a pastoral serenata,music die allerbeste Zeit.
by Handel, given at Naples, 1708, bears no ADAM, ADOLPHE CHARLES, born in
musical resemblance to Acis and Galatea, Paris, July 24, 1803,
his English serenata. Other versions of this died there, May 3,
subject are by Gottfried Heinrich StOlzel, 1856. Dramatic com-
German opera, Prague, 1715 Franz Josef poser, son and pupil
;
Haydn, Italian ojjera, Vienna, 1770 Fran- of Louis Adam, and

;
cesco Bianchi, Italian opera, London, 1797 pupil of Anton Rei- ;
and Johann Gottlieb Naumauu, Dresden, cha and of Boieldieu

1801, his last work. See Galatea. at the Conservatoire.
ACIS AND GALATEA, pastoral serenata Having acquired a
in two by Gay, with additions by
acts, text popular name with
Poj)e and Hughes, music by Handel first ; compositions and
produced (not acted) at the Duke of Chan- transcriptions for the pianoforte, chansons
dos's place of Cannons, near Edgeware, in and ensembles for vaudevilles and operettas,
1720-21. Though not intended to be acted he brought out his first opera, Pierre et
as an opera, it was thus represented, without Catherine (one act), in 1829, which was fol-
Handel's sanction, at the Haymarket Theatre, lowed by Danilowa (three acts) in 1830,
London, May 17, 1732. Galatea was sung both at the Opera Comique, where also he
by Miss Arne, afterwards Mrs. Cibber, sister won his greatest triumph, in 1836, with
of the composer Thomas Augustine Ai-ne, the PostiUoH de Lonjumeau, which made
and Acis by Mr. Mountier. This illegiti- its way rapidly in all the theatres of Eu-
mate performance led to its production, on rope, and is still a standard piece in their
the following June 10th, under Handel's aus- repertories. In 1847 he founded a new
pices, as a serenata, Mozart strengthened dramatic enterprise, the Theatre National,
;;
ADAM
which, successful at the outset, came to Ballets Faust, given in London, 1833 La :
;
grief during the revolutionary troubles of fille du Danube, Paiis, 1836 Les Mohicans, ;
1818, and left him financially embarrassed. ib., 1837; Morskoi Rasbonick, St. Peters-
Besides operas and ballets he composed burg, 1840 Die Hamadryaden, Berlin, ;
some church music, of which two masses 1840 Giselle, ou les Wilis, Paris, 1841 La ; ;
are stiU in great favour in Paris. The rhyth- jolie fille de Gand, ib., 1842 Le diable a ;
mical grace and melodiousness of his mu- quatre, ib., 1845 The Marble Maiden, ;
sic, combined with a fine sense of humour, London, 1845 GriseUdis, ou les cinq ;
and skilful treatment of voices and orches- sens, Paris, 1848 La iiUeule des fees, ib., ;
tra, secure for him a place in the history of 1849 Orfa, ib., 1852 Le corsaire, ib., 1856.
; ;
the national French opera next to Boieldieu Other works Les nations, cantata, Paris, :
and Auber. He visited Belgium, Holland, 1851 Chant de victoire, do., ib., 1855
;
Germany, and Switzerland in 1826, sjjent Cantate pour la naissauce du Prince Im-
nine months in London in 1832-33, and perial, ib., 1856 Messe solennelle, a quatre ;
visited St. Petersburg in 1839, and Berlin voix et choeur, Paris, 1837 Messe h trois ;
in 1840, on the invitation of the respective voix pour soli,

; Messe de Saint-Cecile,
sovereigns. He was an excellent organ and 1850 Messe
choeurs et orchestre, Paris, ;
pianoforte player, and much sought as a de rOrpheon, pour choeur de quatre voix
teacher of the latter instrument he also d'hommes, Meaux, 1851 Mois de Marie de
; ;
won distinction as a musical critic. L. of Saint-Philippe, huit motets Domine sal- ;
Honour, 1836 Officer, Member of the Insti- vum, trio et choeur, avec orgue Grande
; ;
tut de France, 1844 professor of composi- marche religieuse

; Les metiers, choeurs ;
tion at the Conservatoire, 1848. Works populaires pour quatre voix d'hommes
Operas Le jeune proprietaire et le vieux Les enfants de Paris, choeur a quatre voix
:
fermier, Isaure. given in Paris, 1829 Henri ; d'hommes ;
V. et ses compagnons, Rafael, Les trois Duets, Ro-

Catherines, Trois jours en une heure, Jo- m a n c e s.
sephine, ou le retour de Wagram, ib., 1830 ;
Melodies,
Le moreeau d'ensemble, Le grand prix, Ballades, Chansonnettes, etc. Adam, Sou-
Casimir, ib., 1831 His First Campaign, The venirs d'un musicien (Paris, 1860) Clement,
; ;
Dark Diamond, London, 1832 Le proscrit, Les musiciens celebres, 483 Fetis Halevy,
; ; ;
Paris, 1833 Une bonne fortune, Le ohalet, Notice sur la vie, etc.; Pougin, Adolphe
;
ib., 1834 La marquise, Micheliue, ib., 1835 Adam, sa vie, etc.; Tournaillon, Sur Adolphe
;
;
Le fidele berger, Le brasseiir de Preston, ib., Adam.

1838 Regine, La reine d'un jour, ib., 1839
; ADAM DE LA HALLE (de la Hale),
;
La rose de Peronne, La main de fer, ou le surnamed le bossu d'Arras (the Hunchback

secret, ib., 1841 Le roi d'Yvetot, ib., 1842 of Arras), born at Arras, Artois, about
;
;
Caglioslro, Eichard en Palestine, ib., 1844 1240 (Coussemaker, 1220), died in Na-
;
La bouquetiere, ib., 1845 Toreador, Le ples between 1285 and 1288. He studied
;
fanal, ib., 1849 Giralda, ou la nouvelle at the Abbey of Vaucelles, near Cambrai,
;
Psj'che, ib., 1850 Le farfadet. La poupee and assumed there the habit of clerk,
;
de Nuremberg (opera-bouffe). Si j'etais roi, though whether he meant to take orders is

ib., 1852 Le sourd. La faridondaine, Le very doubtful but he fell in love with and
; ;
roi des halles, Le bijou perdu,

1853 Le ib., ; married a young girl named Marie, whom
muletier de TolOde, Clichy, ib., 1854 A ;
he soon deserted. He afterwards went to
Le houzard de Berchiny, ib., 1855 Falstaflf, ; Douai, and possibly to Paris to enter the
Mam'zelle Genevieve, Les pantins de Vio- university ; was in the service successively
lette, ib., 1856 Le dernier bal, unpublished.
; of Robert H., Comte d'Ai-tois, Robert de
; ;
ADAM
Bethune, Count of Flanders, and Charles Tecbliuger on the violin, and of Joachim
d'Aujou, brother of St. Louis. He followed Hoffmann in harmony and composition was ;
these nobles to Egypt, Syria, Palestine, autl made bandmaster of the civic guard of Vi-
Italy and probably shared the varied for-
; enna in 1816, and has composed about sixty
tunes of Charles d'Anjou, who was made works for military bands, which Lave had
Kegent of Naples in 1265. As a composer great success in Austria. Fetis.
Adam was the greatest genius of his time, ADAM, KARL FERDINAND, born at
equal to the best of the dcchanteurs in Zadel, near Meissen, Dec. 22, 1806, died at
technical knowledge, and far surpassing the Saxony, Dec. 23, 1868. Instru- Leisnig,
other trouveres he was the connecting
; mental and vocal composer, probably stud-
link between the dechauteurs and the early ied music in Dresden, and became cantor
coutrajmutists of the first Flemish school. and director of music at Leisnig. Works :
Of his compositions (the text of which he 12 characteristic dances, for pianoforte

also wrote) there remain 34 chansons for (Leipsic, 1829) 6 songs, op. 4 (Dresden, ;
a single voice 16 jeux-partis

; 17 ron- Rotter) Gedichte eines Lebendigeu, for
; ;
deaux and 17 motets for three voices the male chorus, op. 6 (ib.) 6 quartets for male
; ;
famous Jeu de Bobin et Marion. As a jôet voices (Leipsic, Breitkopf & Hiirtel). Fetis.
he was one of the chief founders of the ADAM, KARL FRIEDRICH, born at
French drama, and had much influence upon Zadel, Saxony, in 1770, died (?). Organist
the formation of the French language it- at Fischbach, near Bischofswerda. Works :
self.
E. de Coussemaker, (Euvres comjjlctes 6 pieces for the organ (Meissen) Songs for ;
du trouvere Adam de la Halle (Paris, 1872) four men's voices (ib.) 6 songs for four ;
Ambros, ii. 231 Revue et Gazette musicale, voices, op. 4 (Leipsic, Breitkopf & Hiirtel)
;
Paris, Dec. 18, 1836. 12 dances for pianoforte (ib.).
ADAM, JOHANN GEORG, organist at ADAM, LOUIS, born at Miettersholtz,

Meissen, Saxony, about 1820. He is known Alsace, Dec. 3, 1758, died in Paris, April
by estimable comjiositions, among which 11, 1848. Pianist, pupil of the organist
are Preludes for the organ (Meissen) 12 Hepp at Strasburg but it was chiefly his
: ; ;
variations and a fugue for do., op. 8 (Lei^D- application to the works of Bach, Handel,
sic, Hofmeister) 6 fugues for do., op. 9 (ib., Clexueuti, and Mozart, which fflaced him in
;
Breitkopf & Hilrtel) ; Series of songs, with the first rank among the teachers of his
pianoforte (Meissen) ; Variations, dances, and instrument. Without a master he studied
other p)ieces for pianoforte. Putis. the violin, the harp, and composition. Ar-
ADAM, JOHANN THEOPHIL, born at rived in Paris, when seventeen, he brought
Taubenheim, Saxony, July 1, 1792, died (?) out, at the Concerts Spirituels, two sym-
Instrumental and vocal composer, chamber- phonies for harp, pianoforte, and violin,
musician at the court of Dresden. Works which were the first of their kind heard.
:
10 variations for pianoforte (Meissen) Der His principal work is the famous Methode
;
lustige Klavierspieler, collection of fortj'- de pianoforte, which was at once adopted

eight pieces for do. (ib.) 6 easy fugues for by the newly founded Conservatoire, where
;
the organ (ib.) Kurze und leichte Gesange he was professor in 1797-1843, and edu-
;
zum Gebrauche beim Gottesdienste und cated many celebrated artists, among them
bei Sing-Umgiingen, for four voices Die Benoist, Chaulieu, Kalkbrenner, and Ht'-
;
Glocke (by Schiller), with pianoforte (ib.). rold, father and son L. of Honour, 1827. ;
Fetis. Works Onze ceuvres de sonates pour le :
ADAM, JOSEPH AUGUST, bom in piano (Paris) ; Sonates separees ; Airs va-
Vienna, April 22, 1817, still living, 1888. Methode ou principe
ries j)our do. (ib.) ;
Instrumental composer, pupil of Josef general du doigte (ib., 1798) Methode nou- ;
; ;;
ADAM
vellepour le piano (ib., 1802) Quatuors clerk in St. George's Chapel, and in 1799
;
d'Haydn et de Pleyel an'anges pour le pi- held a similar position at Eton. On remov-
;
auo Recueil de romances. Fetis Men- ing to Cambridge soon after, he was ad-
;
del ; Schilling. mitted to the choirs of King's, St. John's,

ADAM VON FULDA, born about 1450, and Trinity Colleges, and later became
died after 1537. Composer of sacred songs, master of choristers at King's College.
contrapuntist, and writer on music. He Woi-ks 3 glees dedicated to Sir Patrick
:
was a monk of Frauconia, living at the same Blake Hark, how the Bees, glee for four
;
time as Guillaume Dufay and Busuois, as voices ; Welcome Mirth, glee for three
he states in the first book of his work, voices ; Solfeggi for the instruction of those
wherein he styles himself Ducal musician. \vishing to read at sight. Grove Fetis ;
He is the author of a treatise on music, fin- Mendel.
ished Nov. 5, 14:90, of which one manuscript ADDIO! DEL PASSATO. See Trairv-
is preserved in the library of Strasburg. ata.
A canticle for four parts by him is jjre- ADDIO, FUGGO. See Mejhlofde.
served by Glarean in his Dodekachordon, ADDIO, SPERANZA. See RigoleUo.
with the text : O vera lux et gloria, but ADDISON, JOHN, born in London about
originally set to the German words : Ach 1765, died there, Jan. 30, 1844. Dramatic
hiilffmich Leid und senlich Klag, to be composei'. The son of an ingenious me-
found in Joseph King's Wittenberger Ge- chanic, he early exhibited a taste for music,
sangbuch of 1535, and in the Enchiridion and on his man-iage with Miss Williams,
of religious chants and ijsalms (Magdeburg, a niece of the bass singer Reinhold, he
1673). Allgem. d. Biogr., i., 43; Fetis; adojjted it as a profession. He appeared
Mendel Reissmann, 128 Schilling.
; ; first and soon after
in pulilic in Liverpool,
AD.OIASTOR, ROI DES VAGUES assumed direction of the amateur orchestra
PROFONDES. See Africaine. of the private theatre in Dublin. In 1796
ADAMS, THOJL\S, born in Loudon, he returned to London, where his wife ap-
Sept. 5, 1785, died there Sept. 15, 1858. peared at Covent Garden Theatre as Ro-
Organist, pujiil of Dr. Busby. From 1802 setta in Love in a Village, and afterwards
imtil 1858 he was successively oi-ganist of in other characters, and he played the
Carlisle Chapel, Lambeth, St. Paul's, Dept- double-bass at the Italian Opera and at the
ford, St. George's, Camberwell, and of St. Ancient and Vocal Concerts. In 1814 he
Dunstan's-in-the-West, Fleet Street. His was one of six who composed music for
anthem for five voices, O how Amiable are The Farmer's Wife, an ojjera by Charles
Thy DweUings, was performed on the open- Dibdiu the younger. A musical drama,
ing of St. George's, Camberwell, in 1824. Elijah raising the Widow's Son, adapted by
Adams superintended for many years the Addison to Winter's music, was given at
annual performances on the Apollonicon, a the Drury Lane Theatre, IMarch 3, 1815, in
chamber-organ of great power, containing the series of Lenten Oratorios under the
both keys and barrels, first exhibited in direction of Sir George Smart. Addison
1817. Works Organ pieces Fugues also taught singing, and trained some well-
: ;
Voluntaries ; 90 interludes ; Hymns ; Sa- known public singers. Works Ojseras :
cred songs ; Anthems. Grove ; Fetis. The Sleeping Beauty (1805) The Russian ;
ADCOCK, JAMES, born at 'Eton, Eng- Impostor (1809); My Aunt (1813); Two
land, in 1778, died atCambridge, April 30, Words (1816) Free and Easy (1816) My ; ;
18(')0. In 1786 he became a chorister in Uncle (1817) Robinet the Bandit (1818) ;
St. George's Chapel, Windsor, and in Eton Rose d'Amour adaptation of Boieldieu's
College Chapel in 1797 he became lay opera (1818). Grove
; Fetis. ;
10
ADELAIDE
ADELAIDE (Ger., daughter 1868; Martinuzzi, opera, ib., about 1870;
Adelheid),
of Rudoljib II. of Burguudy, and widow
of Sonatas and concertos for the violin Quar- ;
Prince Lothaire of Italy, forced to ofl'er her tets for string instruments. Mendel Rie- ;
hand to Adalbert, sou of the usur^jer Be- mann.

reuger 11. of Ivrea, fled to Cauossa to the ADLE ET DORSAN, drama in three
protection of I. of Germany, who acts, text by Marsollier, music by Nicolas
Otho
made her This subject has been Dalayrac, represented at the Opera Co-
his wife.
musically treated many times By Sartorio, mique, Paris, April 27, 1795.
: A poor girl,
Italian ojjera, Venice, 1G7'2 ; Porjsora, do., about to be abandoned by her seducer, is
Rome, 1723 ; Buiui, do., Bologna, 1725 ;
enabled to triumph over a powerful rival
Orlaudini, do., Venice, 1729 ; Cocchi, do., and to touch the heart of the father of her
Rome, 1743 ; Fioravanti, do., Naples, 1817. lover.
Adelaide di Borgogua (Adelheid of Bur- ADELE DI LUSIGNANO, Italian opera,
gundy), Italian opera by Rossini, was given by Carafa, given at the San Carlo Theatre,
at the Ai-gentiua Theatre, Rome, 1818, dur- Naples, 1817 Spanish opera, by Carnicer, ;
ing the Carnival do., by Generali, 1821. Barcelona, 1818.

; The cavatina, " Grazie
Adelaide di Borgogna al Castello di Ca- vi reudo, amici," in Carafa's work, is still a
nossa, Italian opera,by Gaudiui, was repre- favorite with singers.
sented at the Ducal Theatre, Modeua, 1842 ADELE DE PONTHIEU, lyric tragedy ;
and Adelheid, German opera, by Telemann, in three acts, text by Saint-Marc, a chivaWc
Hamburg, 1727. subject bearing some resemblance to the
ADELAIDE, cantata for tenor solo and Tancrede of Voltaii'e music by Delaborde ;
pianoforte, poem by ]Matthison, music by and Berton given at the Opera, Piu'is, Dec.
Beethoven, op. 46, composed in Berlin 1, 1772. It was changed into five acts, with
about the middle of 1796, published in new music by Piccinni, and represented Oct.
Vienna (Ai'taria), February, 1797 dedi- 27, 1781; then reduced to three acts and
;
cated to the Published also in given in 1786, but without success.

poet. A
Breitkojif & Hiirtel's Beethoven's Werke, German operetta, same subject, music by
Serie 21, Cantateu. One of the composer's Joseph Lange, was given in Vienna in 1796 ;
hapjiiest conceptions. Mattbisou, in his and a German ojjera in three acts, music by
writings, published 1825, saj's: "Several Kerijen, atMeutz in 1798. Desnoiresterres,
musicians have quickened this little lyrical Gluck et Piccinni, 317.
fancj' with music but none has, accord-
; ADELGASSER, ANTON C A JET AN,
ing to my inmost conviction, placed the born at Lucerne, Switzerland, April 3,
text, as against the melody, in deeijer 1728, died at Salzburg, Dec. 23, 1777
shade than the ingenious Ludwig van Organist, pupil of Eberlin at Salzburg,
Beethoven."Marx (Berlin, 1875), i. 117 where he became organist at the cathe- ;
von Lenz, i. 247 Thayer, Verzeichuiss, 19. dral, and harpsichordist to the archbishop.
;
ADELBURG, AUGUST, Ritter VON, Among his compositions, several masses

born at Constantinople in 1833, died insane with orchestra were greatly esteemed, al-
at Vienna, Oct. 20, 1873. Dramatic com- though he imitated too closely the style of
poser, pupil on the violin of Maj'seder in his master. Fctis.
Vienna, 1850-54, then studied at the prin- ADELSON E SALVINA, Italian opera,
cipal conservatories of Germany after sev- music by Bellini, represented in 1824 in the
;
eral concert tours, he lived alternately in theatre of the Conservatorio, Naples. This,
Vienna and Pesth. Works Wallenstein, Bellini's first work for the stage, produced
:
opei-a, about 1860, not performed Zrinyi, w-liile he was still a student, was played in
;
opera, given in Pesth National Theatre, the presence of Barbaja, then manager of
u
;;
;
ADHEMAll
La Scala at IVIilaii, San Carlo had nineteen consecutive repre-
at Naples, ami ripide.s. It
other opera-houses. The impresario, struck

one of the longest recorded runs
sentations,
by the work, gave Bellini an order for an op- of the period. Admeto was sung by Sene-
era for Naples and in 1826 Bianca e Fer- sino, Alceste by Faustina, Antigona b}' Cuz-
;
nando was produced at San Carlo with a zoni, and Ercole by Boschi. The air of
success which gave the author a European Admeto, "Spera, si, mio caro,"is considered
reputation. The same subject was treated one of Handel's finest inspirations. Pub-
by Valentino Fioravanti in Italy about 1804 lished first by Cluer full score, Handel-
; ;
and by Savij in Florence in 1839. Gesellschaft (Leipsic, 1877). Schoelcher,

ADHEMAE, Comte ABEL D', born in Handel, 76 Rockstro, Handel, 151 Reiss- ; ;
Paris, 1812, died there, 1851. Vocal com- mann, Handel, 96 Chrysander, ii. 153. ;
poser, whose romances in dramatic stj'le ADOLF ATI, ANDREA, born in Venice
were for a long time jjopular in France, in 1711, time of death unknown. Dramatic
Italy, and Germany. and sacred composer pupil in Venice of ;
ADIEU, CHiSKE LOUISE. See Le De- Baldassare Galupjsi. He was conductor of

serteur. the music in S. M. della Salute, Venice, and,
ADIEU, MIGNON, COURAGE! See from 1750 until his death, in L' Annunziata,
Mlgnim. Genoa. His opera of Arianna is said to
ADIEU, jMON DOUX EIVAGE. See contain an air in the time of five beats to
Africaine. the measvire. Works : L'Artaserse, opera,
ADLER, GEORG, born at Buda, Hun- given in Rome, 1742 L' Arianna, do., Genoa, ;
gary, in 1806, still living, 1888. Violinist 1750; Adriano in Siria, do., ib., 1751; La
and pianist devoted himself to the teach- gloria ed il piacere, do., ib., 1752 the Psalm,
; ;
ing of both instruments, and was choir Domine, ue in furore, in the collection of
leader in the cathedral of his native city. the Abbe Santini, Rome Nisi Dominus, ;
Works Hungarian theme, for violin, with MS. in the Imperial Library, Paris
: Sei ;
two violins, viola, and bass, op. 1 (Vienna, sonate a tre, cinque e sei, op. 1 (Amster-
Haslinger) Polonaise for do., o-p. 6 (ib.)
; dam). Ft'tis Mendel Ergiinz, 5. ; ;
Variations for pianoforte, op. 2 (ib.) Sonata ADOLPHE ET CLARA or, Les deux
; ;
for do. and violin, op. 3 (ib.) TiK'me varii', prisouiiiers (The Two Prisoners), opera
;
op. 4 (ib.); do., op. 8; La Chasse, rondo comique in one act, text by Marsollier, mu-
brillant, op. 7 (ib.); 4 songs, op. 10 (ib.) sic by Dalayrac, given at the Opera Co-
Libei-a me, Domine, for four voices and or- mique, Paris, Feb. 10, 1799. Its original and
gan, op. 11 (ib.); Quartets for men's voices, interesting plot, and its simple melodies
op. 12 (ib.) 3 do., op. 13 (ib., Diabelli)
; and dramatic expression, made it one of the
Cantata, oj). 15 (ib., Haslinger) Allegro, most popular works of its time.
;
andante, and rondo, op. 18 (ib.); Sonata for ADONE (Adonis), pastorale, music bj'
pianoforte at four hands, op. 27 (ib., Dia- Monteverde, given in 1639 in the Teatro
belli) ; Souvenir, rondo brillant (Pesth, di San Cassiano, the first Venetian opera-
Grimm & Co.); 2 prayers for four voices, house, which had been opened two yeais
small orchesti-a and organ (Augsbiu-g, previouslj'. This was the first dramatic
Bohm). Fotis. work by this composer which was repre-
ADiVIETO (Ammeto, Admetus), Italian sented in public. The subject, the loves of
opera in three Handel, given Venus and Adonis, has also been treated by
acts, music bj'
at the King's Theatre, London, Jan. 31, Keiser in Adonis, German opera, Ham-
1727. The text, the writer of which is burg, 1697 by Karl Wagner in Adonis, ;
unknown, is founded on the story of Adme- monodrama, Darmstadt, 1772 by Legrenzi ;
tus and Alcesth, from the " Alcestis " of Eu- in Adone in Cijoro, Italian ojjera, Venice,
12
! :;
ADR A ST
lG7fi ; iiiul l)y Lngnarii in Adone e Venere, 1798 ; Migliorncci, Naples, 1811 Porto- ;
opera seria. Naples, 1784. See Vemis and gallo, Milan, 1815 Giuseppe Farinelli,
;
Adonis. iMilan, 1815 ; Mombelli, Como, about 1820

ADRAST (Adrastus), opera, text hy Airoldi, Venice, 1852. Tlie operas entitled
Mayrhofer, music by Schubert. Only a Adriano, music by Duni, Italj-, 1737; by
fragment (two numbers) of this work was Abos, Rome, 1750; by Bernasconi, court
ever written (1815). It exists in MS. in of Bavaria, 1755, are after the same text.
the possession of Herr Dumba. The sub- ADRUNSEN (Hadrianius), EMANUEL,
ject, the War of the Seven against Thebes, born in Antwerp, lived in the second half
has been treated also liy Friedricli Preu of the IGth centur3'. He is identical with
in Adraste, grand opera, given in Germany Hadrianius, a name he sometimes used as a
about 1785 l)y Tarchi in Adrasto, Italian signature. Among his works ai-e a collec-
;
opera seria, Milan, 1792 and by Portogallo tion of pieces for one, two, three, and four
;
in Adrasto, Lisbon, 1800. lutes, in four or five parts, arranged from

ADRIANI, FRANCESCO, surnamed di the compositions of Cyprian Rore, Orlandus
San Severino, born at Santo Severino, Italy, Lassus, and many others, under the title
in 1539, died Aug. IG, 1575. Church com- Pratum musicum, etc. (Antwerp, 1584, 1592,
poser, maestro di cappella of S. Giovanni in and IGOO). He wrote also twelve preludes,
Laterano, Rome, 1593. AVorks Psalms for five fantasias, thirty-five madrigals, and
:
four voices, published with those of Jacques much other music for the lute. Biogr. nat.
de Waet, under the title Adriani et Jachet, belgique Fetis.
:
;
Psalmi vespertini omnium festorum per an- ADRIEN (Hadrian), opera in three acts,
num, vocum (Venice, 1567). Fetis text by Hoftmanu, music by Mehul, repre-
equator
says possible that he has been con- sented in the Theatre de la R6publique et
it is
founded with Adrien Willaert. Fetis.
des Arts, Paris, June 4, 1799. The libretto
ADRIANO DU ? WIE EIN COLONNA follows pretty closely that of Adriano in
See Rienzi. Siria b^' Metastasio.
ADRIANO m SIRIA (Hadrian in Syria), jVDRIEN (Andrien), MARTIN JOSEPH,
Italian opera in three acts, text by Metas- called La Neuville, also Adrien TAine, born
tasio, first set to music by Caldara, and rep-
at Liege, May 2G, 17G7, died in Paris, Nov.
resented in Vienna, Nov. 4, 1731. Scene in 19, 1822. Bass singer and composer edu- ;
city of Antioch. Characters represented cated at the Royal School of Singing of :
Adriano, Asroa, Emirena, Sabina, Farnaspe, Memes-Plaisirs. From 1785 to 1804 he

Aquilio. The has been set also sang at the Opera in Paris, alternating
libretto
by Pergolesi, Naples, 1734Ferandini, Mu- parts with Cheron, and later became choir-
;
nich, 1737; Karl Heinrich Graun, Berlin, master at the Opera. Neither his voice nor
1745 Francesco Ciampi, Venice, 1748 Le- method was good, but he was successful
; ;
grenzio Vincenzo Ciampi, Loudon, 1750 as an actor. He succeeded Laine as pro- ;
Adolfati, Genoa, 1751 Perez, Lisbon, 1752;

;
fessor of declamation at the l5cole roj'ale de
Giuseppe Scarlatti, Naples, 1752 Johann ; Musique in March, 1822. Adrien composed
Adolph Hasse, Dresden, 1753 Galuppi, ; the Hymne a la victoire (1795), on the
Venice, 1700 Cabalone, Naples, about 17G0
; evacuation of French territory in that year,
;
Johann Christian Bach, London, 17G4; Gu- the hymn to the martyrs for liberty, and
glielmi, Italy, 17GG Sacchini, Venice, about
; the music to the melodrama, Elodie ou la
1770 Holzbauer, Mannheim, 1772 Schwan-
; ; Vierge du Monastere, by Ducange, given at
berg, Brunswick, 1772 Mysliweczek, about ; the Theatre de I'Ambigu-Coraique, 1822.
1775 Cherubini, Leghorn, 1782 Nasolini,
; ; A brother, name unknown, born at Liege
Milan, 1790 Johaim Simon Mayer, Venice,
; in 1767, was choirmaster at the Theatre
:
ADRIENNE
Feydeau, Paris, and published five collec- music by Meyerbeer first represented at the ;
tions of sougs, romances, etc. (Paris, 17'JO- Opera, Paris, April 28, 1865. The libretto
1802). Ferdinand, another brother, was a was prepared in 1810 at the same time with
composer of songs, teacher of singing, and that of Le Prophete, which was given the
choirmaster of the OiJura in Paris in 1799- preference, but Meyerbeer worked simul-
1801. Biogr. taneously on the two, and in 1849, a few
nat. belgique ; Fetis.
ADRIENNE LECOUVREUR, days after the production of the latter, the
Italian op-
era, text from the play (1819) of the same score of L'Africaine was completed. The
name by Scribe, music by Vara, represented libretto, however, was unsatisfactory, and
in Rome in 1856. Scribe rewrote it in 1852. Meyerbeer re-
AD\Ti:NTLIED, hymn, text by Riickert, vised the score to suit the revision, finishing
music by Schumann, for soli, chorus, and his work in 1860. It was brought to re-
orchestra, op. 71, composed 1818. hearsal in 1863, but the composer died
AELSTERS, GEORGES JACQUES, born (1861) while still correcting it, and it was
iu Ghent in 1770, died there, April 11, 1819. not produced until the following year.
Carillouneur of Ghent from 1788 to 1839, Original cast
and director of music at St. Martin's for
Vasco de Gama (T.) M. Naudin.
fifty years. His comj)Ositions, especially a
Nelusko (Bar.) M. Faure.
Miserere, are still performed in Flanders.
Don Pedro (B.) M. Belval.
Biogr. nat. belgique Fctis. ;
Don Diego (B. ) M. Castelmary.
^NEAS. See Enea ; Dido. Selika (S.) Mme Marie Sasse.
AERTS, EGIDIUS, born at Boom, near Mile Marie Battu.
lues (M.-S.)
Antwerp, March 1, 1822, died at Bru.ssels,
June 9, 1853. Virtuoso on the lues, daughter of Don Diego, loves Vasco
flute, pupil
of Lahou at de Gama, who has been absent two years
the Brussels Conservatoire,
where he became professor iu 1817. As a on an expedition of discovery. Her father
flutist he attracted attention iu Paris as tries to persuade her that Vasco has per-
early as 1837 his compositions
;
symjiho- ished by shipwreck, and orders her to ac-
nies, overtures, and for the flute, concertos, cept the hand of Dou Pedro, President of
etudes, and fantaisies
are not published. the Council but the story is refuted by;
Fetis. the appearance of Vasco, who narrates be-

AERTS, F., born at St. Trond, Belgium, fore the Council the discovery of a new
May 4, 1827, still living, 1888. Violin- land, and iu proof of it exhibits two cap-
ist, pupil of the Conservatoire, then of tives, Selika and Nelusko. The inquisitors,
Charles Hanssens at Brussels, where he incited by Don Pedro, deny the truth of the
became first violinist at the Theatre de la stor\', and Vasco, angrily using intemperate
Monnaie subsequently he led the orchestra language, is thrown into prison.
; In the
of the theatre at Tournay, lived for several second act, Selika is watching the sleeping
years in Paris, and in 1862 was made pro- Vasco in his dungeon. As he awakes she
fessor of music at the ficole Normale of declares her love for him, saves him from
Nivelles. He has composed a great num- the dagger of the jealous Nelusko, and
ber of fantasias for orchestra, variations for points out on a map the position of the
the violin, romances, etc., and written two great island of which she is queen. Ines,
treatiseson the Gregorian chant, and an to save Vasco, consents to marry Don Pe-
elementary method of music.
Fetis, Sup- dro, who, to cheat the navigator of his fame,
plement, i. 6 Riemann. ; takes command of the ship fitted out for
AFRICAINE, L' (The African), French the discovery of the new land, and with
grand opera in five acts, text by Scribe, Ines, and Nelusko, who agrees to pilot him
14
AGAMEMNON
on boani, sets aall. Vasco, who has followed The act closes with a vocal septet without
iu another ship, warns him that Nelusko, accompaniment, of which the etlect is as
incited by revenge, is misleading him. Don novel as unforeseen. In the third act, called
Pedro, distrusting him, orders him to be the Ship Act, are the graceful chorus of
" Le rapide et leger navire ; " the
shot, but at this moment the vessel strikes women,
on a reef and is boarded by savages, who prayer,
" O grand Saint-Dominicjue " and ;
kill the commander and most the invocation of Nelusko, " Adumastor, roi
of his crew.
In the fourth act Si'lika assumes the attri- des vagues profondes." The fourth act
butes of royalty on her island, and to save opens with a grand Marche indienne which,
Vasco, who is brought before her with other for originality of rhythm, disiôsitiou of in-
prisoners, declares herself his spouse. A

strumental masses, and taste in orchestra-
barbaric marriage is about to be celebrated tion, is Meyerbeer's masterpiece. It is fol-
between them, when Vasco bears the voice lowed by Vasco's aria, " Paradis sorti du
sein de Tonde," which is full of melodic
phrases, and by the grand duet between
Vasco and Selika, " Nuit d'ivresse," which
has been compared with the duet in the
fourth act of the Huguenots. In the fifth
act, the third scene, called La scene du
mancenillier, opens with a symphonic prel-
ude, which is one of the best of Meyerbeer's
compositions, and leads to Selika's dying
song on the border of the sea, as Vasco
sails away. On the production of L'Afri-
'U ^P>'3-'/.,o caine in London, the part of Selika was ably
sustained by Pauline Lucca, whose portrait
''" is given opposite.
Clement and Larousse,
fl 9 ; Hanslick, Moderne Oper, 144.
AGAMEMNON, burlesque tragedy, text
and music by Herve, represented at the
Folies Nouvelles, Paris, in May, 18.5G.
Pauline Lucca. AGAZZAEI, AGOSTINO, born in Siena,
Dec. 2, 1578, died there, April 10, 1640.
of Inea, and, forgetting his protestations, de- He began his professional life in the ser-
serts Selika and flies to his first love. In vice of the Emperor Matthias subsequently
;
the last act Vasco and Ines sail away for went to Rome, where he became maestro
Portugal, and the despairing Svlika lies di cappella at the German College before
down under 1(503, at the Church of S. Apollinaris, and
to die, together with Nulusko,
the poisonous luanchineel tree. The opera at the Seminario Romano. He was an in-
is so full of noteworthy musical numbers timate friend of Lodovico Viadana of Man-
that it is difficult to make a selection but tua, and one of the first to adopt figured-
;
among the best is the romance of by the latter, for the em-
Lies, bass, introduced
" Adieu, mon doux ployment of which he gives instructions in
rivage," in the first act.
The second act opens with a beautiful his third volume of ilotetti (Zanetti, Rome,
slumber-song, sung by Si'lika to Vasco in 1606). In 1630-40 he was maestro of the
prison, " Sur mes genoux, fils du soleil." cathedral at Siena. He was a member of
"
The aria of Nelusko, Fille des rois, a toi the Academy of the Armonici Intronati.
I'hommage," is sombre and full of character. Agazzari published a little work entitled
15
:
AGGIjS'TOrJO
La musica ecclesiastica (Sieua, 1638), in- Sforza ; Calisto, Blanche de Naples, La

tended to determine bow church music Rose. Ballets Apotheosis of Napoleon, can-
;
should conform itself to the Resolution of tata, performed in Paris, 1856 Miserere ;
;
the Council of Trent. Pitoui ascribes to Stabat mater. Fetis, Supplement, i. 7.
him the pastoral drama of Eumelio, and AGNES VON HOHENSTAUFEN,

Proske gives a short motet of bis in the grand opera in three acts, text by Ernst
Musica divina (Lib. motettorum, No. Ixv.). Raupach, music by Spontini first act rep-;
His compositions consist of Madrigals, resented in Berlin, May 28, 1827, the en-
motets, psalms, magnificats, work, June 12, 1829. and
Spontini, dissat- litanies. tire
Among them are II pi-imo libro de' madri- isfied with it, had the libretto revised by
:
gali Madrigali armoniosi, etc., lib. 1 (Ven- Baron von Lichtenstein and others, and
;
ice, 1600) ; Sacrse cantiones, lib. 1 (1602) ;

made many changes in the music. In this
idem, lib. 2 ; idem, form the work was reproduced in Berlin,
lib. 3 (Rome, 1603) ;
Sacrse cantiones con un basso ad organum, Dec. 6, 1837. The jslot turns on the recon-
lib. 1 (1603) idem, 2, 3, 4 voc.
; con basso ad ciliation, during the struggle between the
organum, lib. 2, op. 5. These are among the Guelphs and Ghibellines, of Henry VI., of
first books published with basso coutinuo. Hoheustaufen, with Henry the Lion, of
Besides these there are litanies, and other Brunswick, through the marriage at Mentz,
church music published at Rome (1625, in 1194, of his daughter Agues von Hoheu-
1639, 16'10), which went through several staufen with Henrj', the sou of the latter.
editions.
Fetis Grove Mendel Schilling. Original cast
; ; ;
AGGINTORIO, ROCCO, born in Naples Henry the Lion Herr Fischer.

about 1810, still living, 1888. He com-
Henry, his son Herr Eichberger.
posed the opera, II biglietto e 1' auello,
Philip, King of France Herr Bader.
given in Naples, Teatro del Fondo, 1839,
Archbishop Herr Zschiesche.
and subsequently settled in Paris as a
Agnes von Hohenstaufen Fraulein Fassman. .
teacher of vocal music. He has since pub- Irmengarde Fraulein Griinbaum.

lishedsome compositions for the pianoforte
and the voice. Fetis. which Spontini com-
This, the last opera
AGNELLI, SALVATORE, born at Pa- one of his best works, and deals
pleted, is
lermo, Sicily, in 1817, still living, 1888. worthily with a most dramatic period of
Dramatic composer, Conser- German history. The same subject has
pujjil at the
vatorio, Naples, of Furno, Zingarelli, and been treated with success by Frederick
Donizetti brought out his works in Na- Slarpurg, whose work was given at Freiburg,
;
ples and Palermo, and went to Marseilles Baden, March 14, 1874.
in 18i6. "Works Operas I due piedauti,
AGNES SOREL, opera in three acts,
:
given at Naples, Teatro Nuovo, 183'! II music bj' Gyrowetz, first represented in Vi- ;
lazzarone napolitano, ib., 1838 Una notte enna in 1808. The hero is Charles VE. of
;
di carnovale (opera buffa), Palermo, Teatro France, and the subject the deliverance of
Carolino, 1838 I due gemelli, I due for- his realm from the English invasion through
;
zati, ib., 1839 La locandiera, Naples, Teatro the eflbrts of Joan of Arc.
; The subject has
Nuovo, 1839 La sentiuella notturna, ib., been treated also by De Pellaert, opera in
;
Teatro Parthenope, 1840 L'omicido im- three acts, Brussels, 1823 and by Miss G.
; ;
maginario, I due pulcinelli simili, ib., Te- A. Becket, English opera, London, 1836.
atro de la Fenice, 1841 ; R fautasma, ib., AGNESE (Agnes), Italian opera, two acts,
1842 La jacquerie, Marseilles, 1849 Luo- text by Luigi Buonavoglia, music by Fer-
; ;
nore de Medicis, ib., 1855 Les deux avares, dinando Paer, first represented in Parma,
;
comic opera, ib., 1860 Cromwell Stefania 1810; and in Paris, July 24, 1819. The
; ;
;
16
;
AGXESI
libretto an adaptation of Mrs. Opie's
is Chapel. He was among the first to employ
" Father and Daughter," with the scene a number of voices in several choirs. A
and some of the names changed. Charac- masterpiece, the Agnus Dei, for eight voices
ters represented Agnese, Ernesto, Pasquale,
: in canon, was published by P. Martini in
Uberto, and Don Girolanio. One of Paer's Saggio di contrappunto fugato ; Proske
best works ; often reproduced, and alwaj's gives a motet in his Musica diviua (Liber
with success. It contains admirable choruses motettorum, No. Ixx.). His most famous
and a grand finale. Musical Rev.,i. 230. works are preserved in manuscript in the
AGNESI, MARIA TERESA, born at Corsiui Library and in the Vatican. Works :
Milan in 172-i, died about 1799. Pianist Psalms for four and eight voices, 2 vols.
and dramatic composer. Works Sofo- : (Soldi, Rome, 1G19) ; Magnificats for one,
nisba Giro in Armenia Nitroci
;
and lu- ; ;
two, and three voices (ib., 2 vols., 1620)
subria consolata, all of which were given in Masses for eight and twelve voices, 5 vols.
1771 in Naples, Venice, and other Italian (Robletti, Rome, 1621, 1625, 162G, 1627,
cities. She wrote also, for the pianoforte, 1628.) Fctis; Grove; Mendel; Schilling.
cantatas, concertos, and sonatas, well known AGOSTINL PIETRO SIMONE, born in
in Germany. Mendel. Rome about 1650, died (?). Dramatic com-
AGOSTI, a dramatic composer of the maestro di cajipella to the Duke of
jioser,
18th centur}', settled in Russia, about whoseParma. His oj)era, II ratto delle Sabine,
life nothing is known. was given in Venice in 1680. He also pub-
Several of his comic
operas held tlie stage suceessfullj' as, for lished some cantatas (Rome, 1680).
;
His
instance An Autumnal Adventure, or the Sicut erat, for five voices, is in the work by
:
Squire of Giinsewitz, which wa.s given in Paolucci styled Arte j^ratica di contrap- :
Germany after 1780. Mendel.

punto, where it is given as an illustration
AGOSTINI, LUDOVICO, born in Fer- of fugue. Fetis Mendel. ;
rara in 1534, died there, Sept. 20, 1590. AGRELL, JOHANN, born at LiUh,
He took holy orders and became maestro Sweden, Feb. 1, 1701, died in Nuremberg,
di cappella to Alfonso II., Duke of Este. Jan. 19, 1769. He studied at LinkOpiug
Works II priino libro di madrigali a 5 voci
: and at Upsal became court musician at ;
(1570) Madrigali
; a 4 voci (1572) L'eco ed Cassel in 1723, and
;
conductor at Nurem-
enigmi musicali a 6 voci, lib. 2 (Venice, berg in 1746. Nine of his works, concertos,
1581) Messe, Vespri, Motetti, Madi-igali et
; sonatas, etc., were published at Nuremberg
Siufonie (Ancona, 1588). Fetis Mendel. ; (1761-64), and he left many others in man-
AGOSTINI, PAOLO, born at Vallerano, uscript. Fctis Mendel.
;
Italy, in 1593, died AGRICOLA, ALEXANDER, born in the

in Rome in Sep- Netherlands in 1460-70, died in Valladolid
tember, 1G29. He in 1520-30. He was a pupil of Okeghem,
studied in Rome became one of the most noteworthy com-
under Bernardino posers of the second Flemish school of con-
Nanini, whose trapuntists, and was distinguished as a
daughter he mar- singer at an early age. He left tlie service
ried, and became of Charles VIII. of France for that of Lo-
organist of S. Ma- renzo de' Medici, and probably passed some
ria in Trastevere ;
time in Floi-ence. About 1500 he was in
later he was maes- the service of Philip the Fair at Brussels as
tro di cappella of '
"
"chaplain and singer," and in 1506 he fol-
S.Lorenzo in Damaso, and finally, in 1629, lowed either him or Charles V. to Spain,
succeeded Ugolini as maestro of the Vatican where he spent the remainder of his days.
;:
AGRICOLA
As a composer, Agricola is distioguished AGRICOLA, JOHANN FRIEDRICH,
from the rest of bis school by a peculiarly born at Dobitschen, Saxe-Alteuburg, Jan. 4,
fantastic style, and a fondness for bizarre 1720, died in Berlin, Nov. 12 (or Dec. 1),
vocal effects. Yet side by side with phrases Dramatic composer, began to learn
1774.
of almost grotesque extravagance, and in music at the age of five under a certain
strong contrast to them, we find passages Martini having entered the university at
;
in a strangely morose, atrabiliar sort of Leipsic in 1738, he studied music at the

counterpoint. In some of his works, how- same time under Sebastian Bach, for three
superb mass " Je ne
ever, especially in the years after a visit to Dresden he went in
;
demande," he shows himself to be on a 1741 to Berlin, where he soon attracted at-

level with the finest geniuses of his day. tention by his organ playing, and studied
His secular chansons were probably very composition under Quantz. Devoting him-
popular, but his talent for this sort of wi-itself now chiefly to the dramatic style, he
ing was small he wholly lacked humour and
; took Graun and Hasse for his models, and
lightness of touch, and was great only in with the opera buffa, II filosofo convinto
the grand stj-le. His published works are in amore, performed at the theatre in Pots-
Some motets in Motetti XXXIH. (Venice, dam, 1750, won the applause of Freder-
Petrucci, 1502) 8 four-part songs in the
; ick the Great, who conferred upon him the
Canti cento ciuquanta (ib., 1503) a vol- ; titleHofcomponist (court-composer) in
of
ume of 5 masses, Misse Alex. Agricolae (ib., 1751. Ha^ûg written another opera, La
1505). Several important works are in MS. ricamatrice divenuta dama, for Potsdam,
in the Vienna Library (Codex A. N., 35 he visited Dresden again in 1751, and in
Cod. E., 133 Cod. N., 1783), and probably
; the same year married the singer Benedetta
many more are to be found in Spanish ca- Emilia Molteni of the Berlin Opera. On the
thedrals.
Ambros, iii. 243 Grove, i. 44.;
death of Graun, in 1759, he was appointed
AGKICOLA, GEORG LUDWIG, born director of the royal chapel, although with-
at Grossen-Furra, Thuringia, Oct. 25, 1643, out the title of KajDellmeister. Besides
died at Gotha, Feb. 22, 1676. He studied operas, he wrote sacred cantatas and instru-
at Eisenach (1656), Gotha (1662), and at mental music, was considered the best or-
the Universities of Wittenberg and Leipsic, ganist in Berlin, reputed as a vocal teacher,
and became Kapellmeister at Gotha in 1670. and distinguished as a writer on music. Of
Works Musikalische Nebenstunden, for two
: his compositions only the twenty-first jjsalm
violins, two violas, and bass (1670) Sonaten, ; and some chorals have been published ;
Prfcludien, Allemanden couranten Balleten the manuscrif)ts of all others are preserved
auf franzosische Art (1675) Deutsche geist-
; in the royal library, Berlin. Works Op-
liche Madrigalien von zwey bis sechs Stim- eras : H re pastore, given at Berlin, 1753 ;
men (Gotha, 1675). Fetis Gerber, N. ; Cleofile, 1754 II ib., ;
Lex. tempio d' amore, ib.,

AGRICOLA, JOHANN, born at Nurem- {J'C/if-i'OaL^ 1755; Psyche, ib.,
berg about 1570, died (?). Professor of music 1756 Achille in Sciro,
;
at the Gj'mnasium Augusti at Erfurt, where ib., 1758 ; Ifigenia in Tauride, ib., 1765.
he still lived in 1611. Works Motetten : Allgem. d. Biogr., i. 149 ; Fetis ; Mendel.
mit vier, fiinf, sechs, acht und mehr Stimmeu AGRICOLA, WOLFGANG CHRIS-
(Nuremberg, 1601) Cantiones de prseeijjuis
; TOPH, German composer of the middle of
testis, quinque, sex et plurimum vocum the 17th century. Works : Fasciculus mu-
(Nuremberg, Conrad Bauer, 1601) Motetaj sicalis, a collection of eight masses (Wiirz-
;
novae pro prsecipuis, etc, containing twenty- burg and Cologne, 1651) Fasciculus vari- ;
eight motets (Erfurt, 1611). Fetis. arum cantiouum, a collection of motets for
18
AGRIPPINA
two to eight voices. Petis ; Dramatic composer and pianist, pu-
Mendel, Er- 1888.
giiiiz., 6. Schnyder von Wartensee at Frank- pil of
AGRIPPINA, Italian opera, author of fort, where he lived in 1844-48, gave con-
text uukuowii, music by Handel, repre- certs, and brought out some of his compo-
sented at the Teatro di S. Giovanni Cri- sitions after his return to Loudon he ;
sostomo, Venice, in 1708. The libretto is taught the pianoforte. Works : The Bridal
founded on the story of Agrippiua, wife of of Triermain, dramatic cantata ; A Summer
the Roman Emperor who poi- Night, cantata for treble voices Goblin
Claudius, ;
soned her husband order to se- Market, do. The Bridal Wreath, opera
(a.d. 5-4) in ;
;
cure the succession of her young son Nero, Symjjhonies, overtures, trios, sonatas, etc.,
through whom she hoped to rule the em- in MS., which have been performed at con-
pire. This work, Handel's second Italian certs ; Pianoforte music, and songs. Fetis.
opera, which is said to have been written in AGUILERA DE HEREDIA, SEBAS-
three weeks, was received with enthusiasm, TIAN, Spanish composer of the 17th cen-
and held the stage in Venice more than tury. He was a monk, and director of
twenty years. It was given in Hamburg, music in the Cathedral of Saragossa. His
1718. Score printed first by Arnold, the valuable collection of INIagnificats, for four,
entire work by the Hilndelgesellschaft, five, six, seven, and eight voices (Saragossa,
1781. The same subject 1618) is still used in Saragossa and in other
is treated in
an Italian opera by Porpora, represented churches in Spain. Ft'tis Mendel. ;
about 1742. Schoelcher, Handel, 17 ; Rock- AGUIRRE, ABELINO, born in Spain,

stro, Handel, 48. contemporary. Composer of the opera, Gli
AGTHE, CARL CHRISTIAN, born amanti di Teruel, given at Valencia, 1865.
at
Hettstildt, Prussian AH BEL DESTIN. See Linda.
Saxony, in 1762, died !
at Ballenstiidt, Nov. 27, 1797. Dramatic AH BELLO, A IVIE RITORNA. See !
composer and organist to the Prince von Norma.

Buruburg at Ballenstiidt. Works Operas
AH CHE LA MORTE. See Trovatore.: !
Aconeius uud Cydippe, given at Ballenstiidt AH! CHI DICE MAI. See Don ME
about 1784; Das Milchmildcheu, ib., about Giovanni.
1787 Martin Velten, ib., about 1789 Ei--
; AH! COME RAPID A. See Grociato in
;
win und Elmire, ib., about 1789 Philemon Egitto. ;
und Baucis, ib., about 1791 Der Spiegel- ; AH DI TUE PENE. See Linda. !
ritter, ib., 1795. His sonatas for the pia- AH DIVINITES BIPLACABLES. See !
noforte were published at Leipsic in 1790 Alcpsle, Gluck. ;
his Lieder, Der Morgen, Mittag, Abend und AH FORS' E LUI. See Traviata. !
Nacht at Dessau, 1782. Fetis SchilHng. AH GRAN DIO. See Tninala.

; !
AGUADO, DIONISIO, born in Madrid, AH! LHONNfiTE HOMME. See Ro-

April 8, 1784, died there, Dec. 20, 1849. bert le Diable.
He studied under Garcia, in
in Paris, AH, LO PREVIDI, scena for soprano,
1825, returned to Madrid in 1838, and by Mozart, composed at Salzburg, in August,
became one of the greatest of performers 1777. Aria of Andromeda, words from Pai-
on the guitar. He published, in 1825, siello's opera of that name. One of the
"New Method for the Guitar." Among his grandest compositions of its kind. An ex-
compositions are a collection of andantes, pressive recitative is followed by an elab-
waltzes, and minuets, solos, transcriptions, orate allegro, in which the excited passion
etc. of a great soul finds a powerful and vivid
AGUILAR, EMANUEL, born in Clap- expression. A
motive that had previously
ham, London, Aug. 23, 1824, still living. been introduced by the orchestra forms
::
;
AH! MIO
then the trausitiou to a softer mood, ex- ceeded his father as organist of the Church
pressing the grief over the lost lover in a of St. Blasius. Works Anmutige zehn vier- :
beautiful recitative, which ends in a cava- stimmige Viol di Gamba-Sjjiele (1681) ;
tina.
Jahn, i. 424. Instrumeutalische Friihlingsmusik (1695,
AH MIO PREGAR. See Semiramide.
! 1696) ; manj- Songs. He was also a jjrolitic
AH MON FILS, SOIS BENI. See Pro-
! writer on music, and from 1671 to 1706
plliti'. published a work yearly, either theoretical
AH! MON REMORDS TE VENGE. or practical. Most of these were destroyed
See Dinorah. in the great lire at Miihlhausen in 1689,
AH ! MORIR POTESSI ADESSO.
See and the others are very rare. Allgem. d.
Emani. Biogr. Fetis Mendel Schilling Winter- ; ; ; ;
AH NON GIUNGE. See Sonnamhula. feld, ii. 328.

!
AH PERFIDO sceua and aria for so- AHLE, JOHANN RUDOLPH, born at
!
prano, with orchestra, music by Beethoven, Miihlhauisen, Thuringia, Dec. 24, 1625, died
op. G5 dedicated to the Countess Clari
;
there, July 8, 1673. He was educated at ;
composed and GOttingen and at Erfurt. In 1644 he be-

in Prague, February, 1796,
published in Vienna (Artaria, pianoforte came organist at the latter place, and in
arrangement), 1810. It consists of 1. An 1646 was appointed director of the new
:
elaborate Recitative ; 2. Adagio, with ap- music school there. On his return to Miilil-
isendix ; 3. Movement in Lied form. Alle- hausen he became organist of the Church of
gro assai ; 4. do., Piii lento 5. do., Alle- St. Blasius, and also councillor and burgo-
;
gro assai ; 6. do., An master of that town. His treatise on sing-

repetition of 4 ; 7.
elaborate Finale, Allegro assai, and repeti- ing.Compendium pro teuellis (Erfurt, 1638),
tion of 4. All these movements are attract- went through three editions. Among his
ive and expressive of the supposed situation best known works are Geistliche Dia- ;
:
the recitative is to be ranked with the best logen (1648) ; thirty Symphonien, Paduane,
of Mozart's. Marx (Berlin, 1875), i. 114. Balleten, etc., for instruments (1650) Thii- ;
AH ! PIETA, SIGNORI MIEI. See Don ringische Lust-Garten, in two parts, for
Giovanni. voices (1657-1658); ten Geistliche Arien
AH QUE JE SENS DIMPATIENCE.
! (1660) ; 2d series of ten (Miihlhausen, 1662)
See Azetnia. third and fourth series of ten songs (1663-
AH! QUE MON SORT EST BEAU 1664). These and many other collections of
I
See Ambassadrice. hymns, motets, etc., appeared at Miihl-

AH! QUELLE NUIT. See Domino hausen and Erfurt, until 1668. His hymn
Doir. Liebster Jesu, wir siud hier, was his best
AH! QUEL PLAISIR. See Dame and is still in use, with many others. AU-
blanche. gera. d. Biogr., i. 159 ; Fetis ; Mendel ; Spit-
AH! SI LA LIBERT E. See Armide et ta, J. S. Bach, i. 331 ; Winterfeld, ii. 296.
Renaud. AHLEFELDT, Griifin VON, German
AH TACI, ! INGIUSTO CORE. See Don pianist at the close of the 18th century.
Giovanni. She wrote the music of an opera ballet
AH TU GELAR MI
! FAT. See Semira- Telemach und Kalypso (Leipsic, 1794).
mide. Fetis, Supplement,Mendel. i. 8 ;
AHLE, JOHANN GEORG, born at Miihl- AHLSTROM, OLOF, born in Stockholm,

hausen, Tluiringia, died Dee.2, 1706. Or- Sweden, about 1756, died there in 1835.
ganist and composer of hymns, which were He was court pianist and musical instruc-
popular in their day, and poet-laureate to tor of the royal family, and about 1790
the Emperor Leopold I. (1680). He suc- was among the best dramatic composers.
: ;
AHLSTROM
With Boman, lie edited a collecLioii of Institution. On the death of Winter, in
popular " Walda svenska 1825, he was recalled to Bavaria and ap-
Swedish airs,
Kapellmeister to the court. In
Folkdansar och Folkledar " (Stockliolm), pointed
was made a member
some of which were sung by Jenny Lind 1833 he revisited Italy,
of the Academy of St. Cecilia at Rome, and

Goklschmidt, and for two years edited a
Swedish musical periodical, " Musikaliskt settled at Bergamo, where he collected an-
Tidsfiirdrif." Works: 4 sonatas for pianoforte
now in the Staatsbiblio-
cient classical music,
(Stockholm, 1783, 178G); also operas, can- thek, Munich. Works Bianca, ballet (Milan,
:
I Titani, ballet (ib., 1820) Rodrigo

tatas, and soiigs. Fetis Mendel
; ; Schilling. 1820) ; ;
AHLSTROM, JOHAN NICLAS, born at und Chimeue, opera, given at Munich,

Wisby on the isle of Gothland, Sweden, 1821 Requiems, Masses, Litanies, Psalms,
;
June Stockholm, May 14,

5, 1805, died at
Offertories, etc., with full vocal and instru-
1857. Dramatic composer, studied music mental choirs. Most of his church music,
in his native place and, chiefly without a which is written with great skill, has been
master, while at the University of Upsala published in Munich, Augsburg, and Paris,
after returning home, he travelled as or-
;
and one pastorale for organ in Milan. All-

chestra conductor with a theatrical company, gem, d. Biogr. i. 163 Fetis ilendel Grove. , ; ; ;
and settled at Carlskrona to teach music. AICH, GOTTFRIED, composer of church

of Premon-
Having afterwards become organist and music, and canon of the Order
musical director at Westerns, he was called strants in the 17th century. He published
the at Augsburg, in 1663, a work entitled
to Stockholm in 1842 as conductor at
From 1845 Fructus ecclesiasticus trium, quatuor et
newly erected Nya Theatern.
he held different positions as instructor, quinque vocum, duorum vel trium lustrum,
orchestra conductor at various theatres, and cum secundo choro.

Fetis.
organist. Hedeserves much credit for AICHINGER, GREGOR, born at Augs-
after 1614. Hav-
having searched for and arranged many burg (?) about 1565, died
popular melodies. Among his numerous ing taken holy orders, he became organist at
Fugger,
compositions are the operas Alfred the Augsburg in the service of Jacob
:
Music to the trag- baron of Kirchberg and Weissenhorn. In

Great, and Abu Hassan ;
Rome, and spent two years

edy of Agne Several cantatas 6 quartets 1599 he
; ;
visited
for stringed instruments Sonata for piano- in study. His works show the influence of
;
forte, violin, viola, and violoncello Quintet the Venetian school. His Madrigals, Can-
;
two viohns, viola, and violoncello tatas, Litanies, etc., are among the best
for flute, ;
Trio Concerto for pianoforte, with orches- German compositions of the time.
Works :
tra.
Mendel, Erganz., 6. Lib. i. Sacrarum cantionum and Lib. ii.
1590-1595)
AIBLINGER, JOHANN CASPAR, born Sacrarum cantionum (Venice,
atWasserburg, Bavaria, Feb. 23, 177'J, died Sacrte cantiones, dedicated to the chapter
in Munich, May 6, 1867. He began his of the cathedral at Augsburg (Nuremberg,
Antiphorse,
musical education at the seminary of Te- 1597) Tricinai Mariana quibus, ;
Diviupe laudes, etc.

gernsee in 1790, then went to Munich, where etc. (Innspruck, 1598) ;
Virginia canticum (Augs-

he secured a pension which allowed him to (1602) Vespertini ;
Cantiones ecclesiasticaj, etc.

study in Italy. At Bergamo in 1802 he burg, 1604) ;
wrote music under the direction of Mayr, (Dillingen, 1607); this work is especially
was patronized by the Vice-Queen of Italy, remarkable for being one of the first where-
in the words basso continuo appear. His
and went to Milan as Kapellmeister to the
royal chapel. He afterwards went to Ven- church compositions number iu all seven-
ice, where, in conjunction with the Abbe teen, published up to the year 1613.
Gregorio Treutiuo, he founded the Odeou Proske gives a Litany, Stabat mater, and
21
:;
AIDA
several motets by him, in his Musica divina the aid of Radames and to marry his
aud the library of the King of Portugal con- daughter to him, Aida persuades her lover
tains several of his motets for three and four to betray to her the secrets of the military
voices. Allgem. d. Biogr i. 165 Ambros,
, ; operations preparing against Ethiopia and
Gesch., iii. 5G0 Fotis Grove Schilling.
; ; ; to fly with her but their j)lans are over-
;
AIDA, Italian opera seria in four acts and heard by Amneris and Ramjahis, and Rada-
seven tableaux, text by Antonio Ghizlan- mes is denounced as a traitor. Condemned
zoui, music by Giuseppe Verdi first rej^re-
; be buried alive beneath the Temjjle of
to
sented in Cairo, Egypt, Dec. 24, 1871. It Phtah, Radames is offered a jiardon if he
was written upon commission of the Khe- will marry Amneris, but he refuses, and de-
dive Ismail Pasha, given in August, 1870,
for the inauguration of the new opera-
**%N \",
house in Cairo. The subject is said to have
been suggested by the Khedive himself.
The libretto was prepared in prose by M.
Vassali, conservator of the Boulak Museum,
then rendered into French verse by Camille
du Locle, and lastly translated into Italian
The scenery and cos-
verse by Ghizlanzoni.
tumes were designed by Mariette Bey, the
distinguished Egyptologist. Original cast
Aida (S.) Signora Pozzoni.

Amneris (M.-S.) Signora Grossi.
Ridames (T. ) Signor Mongini.
Amouasro (Bar.) Signor Costa.
Ramphis (B. ) Signor Medini.
King (B.) Steller.
Aida, daughter of Amouasro, King of

Ethiopia, has been made a prisoner in a
war between her father aud the King of
Egypt, and has become the slave of Amne-
ris, daughter of the latter. Amneris is in Clara Louise Kellogg, as Aida.
love with Radames, au Egyptian captain,

who secretly loves and is loved by Aida. scends into the vaults, where Aida awaits
When the High Priest, Ramphis, announces him. The tomb is walled up and sealed
the approach of the Ethiojiians against by the priests, and the lovers are united in
Thebes, Radames, who is ignorant of the death, while Amneris, abandoning herself to
relatiouship between Amonasro and Aida, grief, prays beside their seijulchre. The
is chosen by Pharaoh to lead the Egyjjtiau first representation of Aida in Europe was
hosts. During Radames's absence Amneris at La Scala, Milan, Feb. 8, 1872, with Si-
discovers Aida's secret and conceives for gnore Teresina Stolz and Waldmaun, and
her a violent hatred. Radames returns vic- Signori Fancelli, Pandolfini, and Maini in
torious, with Amonasro his prisoner, aud is the cast. The opera was given in Naples
awarded a triumph and the hand of Am- in March, and in Parma in April, 1872 in ;
neris. Acting under the instructions of New York, 1873 in Paris, at the Italiens, ;
Amonasro, who has formed a plan to re- April 22, 1876, aud at the Opera, March
cover his liberty and his kingdom through 22, 1880 and in London, June 22, 1876. A
;
AIGNER
Russian version was given in Petersburg St. died in Paris, Feb. 2, 1866. Dramatic com-
in 1879 ; a German New York,
version in poser, son and pupil of the violoncellist
Metropolitan Opera House, Nov. 12, 1886 ;
EspritAimon (1754-1828). When but sev-
and an Eni^lisli version at the Brooklyn enteen he conducted the orchestra of the
Academy, Dec. 29, 1886, and at the Met- theatre at Marseilles, and in 1817 settled in
ropolitan Opera House, March 5, 1887. Paris, where he became leader of the or-
Among the noteworthy numbers in the chestra at the Gymnase Dramatique in
first act are The romanza of Radames,

: 1821, and at the Theatre Franyais in 1822.
" Celeste Aula " the martial chorus of the
; Among his compositions, those for chamber
King and his retinue, " Su del Nilo al ! music are the most meritorious, showing
sacro lido " and the scena of A'ida, " Ri-
; great inventive talent and originality. He
torna vincitor " The second act opens
!
also wrote some treatises on harmony.

with a chorus of women, which is followed
Works Operas Les jeux fioraux, 3 acts,
:
by a duet between Amneris and A'ida, " Alia libretto by Bouilly, given in Paris, Acade-
pompa che si appresta," and closes with a mie royale de musique, Nov. 16, 1818 La ;
grand triumphal chorus, " Gloria all' Egit- fee UrgMe, comic opera, ib., Gymnase,
to." In the third act are the prayer of 1821 Velleda, 5 acts, libretto ; by Jouy,
Aida, " O cieli azzuri," and duets between ib.. Opera, 1824 Abufar, 3 acts, Alcide et ;
Amonasro and Aula, and Radames and Omphale, Les Cherusques, written for the
Aida. The which contains an im- Opera Les deux Figaros, for the Opera
last act, ;
pressive duet between Radames and Am- Comique, none of which were performed ;
neris, " Chi ti salva, o sciagurato," closes Quintet for two violins, two violas, and vio-
with the plaintive dying song of Radames loncello (Paris, Janet) 3 quartets for two ;
and Aida, " O terra, addio," while the priests riolins, viola, and violoncello, op. 4 (ib.,
and priestesses chant in the temple above Hanry) 3 do., op. 6 (ib., Momigny) do., op. ; ;
their tomb.
Clement and Larousse, 767 7, 8, 9 (ib., Hentz) do., op. 43, 46 (ib., Pa-
;
;
Hanslick, Moderne Oper, 2-17; Edwards, cini) 3 do., op. 47 (ib., Janet); do., book ;
Lyrical Drama, ii. 1. 4 (ib., Frey); 3 new do., books 5-8 (ib.) ;
AIGNER, ENGELBERT, born in Vien- Concertino for violoncello (ib., Pacini) ;
na, Feb. 23, 1798, died in (?). Dramatic Recreation for two violoncellos, horn, and
composer, pupil of the Abbot Stadler in pianoforte (ib.); Solo for clarinet, with ac-
;
1835-37 he was director of the ballet or- companiment of quartet or pianoforte (Ly-
chestra at the imperial theatre, then started ons, Arnaud) First and second concerto ;
an industrial enterprise in the provinces, for bassoon (Paris, Frey) Quartet for pia- ;
and in 1842 returned to Vienna, where he noforte (ib., Pacini) Duets for guitar and ;
cultivated music as an amateur. Works violin (ib., Gaveaux) Several trios and duets
: ;
Wunderlilie, opera, given in Vienna, for violin. Fetis do.. Supplement, i. ; ;
Kiirnthnerthor Theater, about 1824; Das Mendel.

geheime Fenster, comic opera, ib., 1826 AIROLDI, born in Italy, contemporary.
;
Der Angriffsplan, do., ib., 1829 Das Hoch- Dramatic composer, pupil of Pietro Ray
;
zeitsconcert, vaudeville, ib., 1829 Lob der and of Vaccai at the Conservatorio, Milan.
;
Tonkunst, cantata, ib., 183.5; Mass for four Works Don Gregorio nell' Imbarazzo, op- :
voices (Vienna, Haslinger) Quintet in G era buffa, given in Venice, 1850

;
Adriano ;
(ib., Diabelli) 6 choruses for male voices in Siria, opera, ib., about 1852 Statira, Re-
; ;
(ib., Artaria) Masses with orchestra, and gina di Persia, Milan, about 1853. Fetis.
;
a Requiem, unpublished. Fetis Mendel. AJAX, music to the tragedy of Sophocles,
;
AIMON, PAMPHHÊ LEOPOLD FRAN- by Sir William Stei-ndale Bennett, op. 45.
COIS, born at LTsle, Vaucluse, Oct. 4, 1779, AJO NELL' BIBARAZZO, L' (The Em-
23

AKADEMISCHE
barrassed Tutor), Italian ojsera, music by tacular effects. The Op^ra was lighted
Rome, 1824. An with gas for the first time on its represen-
Donizetti, reiDi-esented in
opei"a of the same title, by C!elli, was per- tation. The subject has been treated also
formed in Italy about the same time. See by Gyrowetz, German opera in three acts,
Don Gregoi'io. Vienna, about 1822 by BishoiJ, English op- ;
AKADEMISCHE FEST-OUVERTURE, era, Covent Garden, Loudon, 1826 by Karl ;
for full orchestra, by Brahms, op. 80, com Guhr, Frankfort, 1830 and by Luigi Ricci, ;
posed, 1881, in acknowledgment of the de- Naples, 1835.

gree of Ph.D., conferred upon him by the ALARD, DELPHIN, born at Bayonne,
Uuiversit}' of Breslau. France, March 8,
A' IvEMPIS, FLORENTINO, Flemish 1815, still living, 1888.
composer of middle of 17th century. Or- Violinist, son and pu-
ganist of St. Gudule, Brussels. Works : pil of au amateur
3 symphonies (Antwerp, 1644-47-49) ; Mass musician when only ;
for eight voices Misspe et motettse (Ant-

; ten years old he
werp, 1650) Missa pro defunctis otto vo-
; played a concerto of

cum. Fetis Mendel, Ergiinz., 7.
; Viotti's in public. In
AKEROYDE, SAMUEL, York- born in 1827 he went to Paris,
shire, England, latter half of the 17th cen- became a pupil of Ha-
tury, died (?). He contributed songs to the beneck, and won the
Third Part of D'Urfey's Don Quixote in second pi'ize for violin in 1829, and the first
1696. His songs are also found in the in 1830. He studied composition under Fetis
Theatre of Music (1685-87), Vinculum so- in 1831, and was a member of the orchestra
cietatis(1687), Comes amoris (1687-94), at the Opera in the same year. At concerts
Gentleman's Journal (1692-94), Thesaurus of that year he won the notice of Paganiui,
musicus (1693-96), and other collections. who was much impressed with his plaj'ing.
Grove ; Fetis. In 1840 he succeeded Baillot as first violinist
A LA FRONTlfiRE, music by to the king, and in 1843 as professor of the
cantata,
Gounod, first jêrformed in Paris, 1870. violin at the Conservatoire. Alard is the
ALA, GIOVANNI BATTISTA, born at chief representative of the modern French
Monza, Italy, in 1580, died in 1612. Or- school of violin playing. He is the author of
ganist of the Church dei Servitori, Milan. a comprehensive work, " Ecole da violin,"
Works Madrigals and canzonets (Milan, adojjted by the Conservatoire editor of a
: ;
1617, 1625) Concerti ecclesiastici (Milan, collection of violin pieces by the best com-
;
4 vols. 1618, 1621, 1628); and motets in posers of the 18th century, " Les maltres
the Pratum musicum (Antwerp, 1634). classiques du violin," in 40 parts, and com-
Fi'tis; Mendel. poser for his instrument of a number of
ALADIN or, La lampe merveilleuse (The etudes, nocturnes, duos, etc., and of con-
;
Wonderful Lamp), French opera in five acts, certos and symphonies with orchestral ac-
text by Etienne, music by Isouard first companiment. F('tis Grove IMendel Wa-
; ; ; ;
represented at the Opera, Paris, Feb. 6, sielewski, Die Violine, 376.

1822. Subject from the " Ai-abian Nights." ALARICO IL BALTHA (Alaric the Bold),
This, the last work
was left un- Italian opera, text by Luigi Orlandi, music
of Isouard,
finished at his death (1818), and was pre- by Steffani, first represented at Brunswick,
pared for the stage by Benincori. Although Jan. 18, 1687, the birthday of the Elec-
it exhibits evidences of the composer's de- tress Maria Antonia. Fresh singers were
cadence, it met with wonderful success, brought from Italy for the occasion, and
partly due doubtless to its splendid spec- the work was enlivened by ballets arranged
; :
ALARY
by Rodier, aud danced by ladies and gen- ALAYRAC, D'. See Dalayrac.
tlemeu of the court, with costumes from ALBANESI, LUIGI, born in Rome, March
Paris. Subject treated also in Alarico, Re 3, 1821, still living, 1888. Pianist and
de' Goti, by Bassaui, Ferrara, 1G85 in composer, studied under his brother and
;
Alaric, opera iu three acts, music by Schie- sister, who were pupils of Senderaeh after- ;
ferdecker, Hamburg, 1702 and in Ingrati wards a pupil in harmony of Giuseppe

;
tudine castigata, ossia Alarico, by Chiochetti, Polidoro and Salvatore Lavigna. Works :
Ancona, 1719. Les sept paroles de Jesus Christ, oratorio ;
ALARY, JULES, born of French parents 2 masses Motets with organ or harmonium, ;
at Mantua in ISU, still or the pianoforte and other instruments ;
living, 1888. Dramatic Pianoforte pieces, more than fifty. Fetis,

composer, pupil of Ba- Supplement, i. 9.
silj at the Conservatorio ALBANEZE (D'Albanese), born at Al-
of Milan, was for a few bano, Apulia, iu 1729, died in Paris in
years flutist nt the Te- 1800. Pupil of the Naples Conservatorio,
atro della Scala, and in visited Paris in 1717, and was engaged at
1835 went to Paris to the king's chapel. In 1752-62 he was first
teach the jîanoforte and He com- singer at the Concerts Spirituels.

singing. He was iu Lon- and duets, among which are posed airs
don in 1836, but returned to Paris, where Airs a chanter, 3 collections Les amuse- ;
Jullien's orchestra performed some of hi.sments de Melpomene, with violin or guitar

music. Alternately there and iu London accompaniment and fifteen other collec- ;
he gave concerts, in which he brought out tions. The charming romance. Que ne suis-
his comj)ositions, without being able to ac- je la fougere, is his, although it has been
quire a genuine reputation, his style run- attributed to Pergolesi. Fetis ; Mendel ;
ning almost exclusively iu the shallow taste Michaud, Biogr. univ.

of fashion. In 1852 he went to
St. Peters- ALBENIZ, PEDRO, born in Biscay,
burg to bring out agrand opera, and after Spain, about 1755, died at St. Sebastian
his return, in 1853, was made accomjjanist about 1821. He was a monk aud conductor
in the imperial chapel, while at the same of music in the Cathedrals of St. Sebastian
time he became musical director at the and Logrono (1795). Among his works
Theatre des Italiens. Works Rosamonda, are Masses, vespers, and motets, unpub-
: :
opera, given at Florence, Teatro de la Pergo- lished, and a book of solfeggi (St. Sebastian,
la, June 10, 1810 La Redemption, oratorio, 1800). Fetis.
;
Paris, Concert Sj)irituel, April, 1851 Le tre ALBENIZ, Don PEDRO, born at Lo-
;
nozze, opera bufta, ib.. Theatre des Italiens, gi'ofio, Spain, April 14, 1795, died in Ma-
March 29, 1851 ; Sardanapale, ojjera, St. drid, Ajjril 12, 1855. Organist, son of Don
Petersburg, 1852 L'orgue de Barbaric, oj)-
;
Matteo Albeniz, maestro of the Collegiate
eretta, Bouflfes Parisiens. 185G La beaute ; Church at Logrono. When but ten years
du Diable, Paris, Opera Comique, 1861 Le ; old he becanje assistant organist of the Par-
/^ra.sseur d'Amsterdam, operetta. Ems, 1861 ish of St. Vincent, Guipuzcoa. He studied
La voix humaiue, Paris, I'Opera, 1861 Lo- under Henri Herz aud Kalkbreu-
; in Paris
canda gratis, opera buffa, Theatre des Ital- ner, and on his return to Spain was made
iens, 1866 many songs, duets, terzets, and
; director of the musical fetes on the arrival
quartets, and pieces for the pianoforte, espe- of the king and queen, in 1828. He after-
cially polkas and waltzes. Fetis
do.. Sup- wards became organist of the Church of
;
plement, i. 8. Santa Maria in Logrono, a position left va-

ALAS! THOSE CHIMES. See3Iaritana. cant by his father's resignation in 1829.
;
ALBEllGATI
On his visit to Madrid and Aranjuez he ALBERT, Prince of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha,
received great favours from the king, who
Prince Consort of Great Britain, born at
appointed him professor of the pianoforte Castle Rosenau, near Coburg, Aug. 26, 1819,
at the Conservatorio wliich the queen,Maria died at Windsor Castle, Dec. 14, 1861.
Christina, had and Pianist, studied music at Coburg and at
just instituted (1830),
organist of the Chapel Royal. In 1838 he Brussels. Works Masses Anthems Songs : ; ;
was made vice-j)resident of the junto of and glees also an opera, Hedwig von Lin- ;
directors for the Artistic and Literary Ly- den. Fetis Mendel. ;
ceum at Madrid, and became maestro to ALBERT, EMILE, born at Montpellier,

the Lifanta and the queen. Dona Isabella, France, in 1823, died at Bagneres-de-Bi-
and received several decorations. To him gorre in August, 1865. Dramatic composer
is due the foundation of the modern school and pianist. Works Les petits du premier, :
of jjianoforte playing in Spain ; all the best operette, given in Paris, Theatre Saint-Ger-
pianists of that country and of Spanish main, 1864; Jean le Fol, do., 1865; Syni-
South America were his pujjils. His works, pljonies Trios for pianoforte, violin, and ;
which number about seventy, are chiefly va- violoncello Sonatas for 25ianoforte and vio- ;
riations, fantasias, etc., for pianoforte with lin. Fetis, Supplement, i. 10.
violin or violoncello accompaniment. His ALBERT, EUGEN D', born at Glasgow,
Mcthode de piano (Madi-id, 1840), was Scotland, Ajsril 10,
adopted by the Conservatorio. Fetis 1864, still living, 1888.
;
Mendel. He is the son of

ALBERGATI, Conte PIRRO CAPA- Charles d'Albert, a
CELLI, born in Bologna, Italy, in the latter French dancing-mas-
part of the 17th century, died (?). Dramatic ter (born near Ham-
composer. Although an amateur, his com- burg, 1815). Eugen
positions are considered among the best of studied under Sir Ar-
his time. Works : Gli amici, opera, given in thur Sullivan, Prout,
1699 II prineipe selvaggio, opera, given
; and Pauer in London,
in Bologna, 1712 Giobbe, oratorio, given
; then under Hans
in Bologna, 1688 Baletti, corrente, sara-
; Richter in Vienna (1880), and under Liszt
bande, etc. (1682-8.5) Sonate a due violini,
; at Weimar (1881). He appeared, in the
col basso continuo per 1' organo, ed un alto a same year, with bi-illiant success at a
beneplacito per teorbo, o violoncello, op. 2 philharmonic concert in Vienna at Weimar, ;
(1683); Cantate morali a voce sola (1685); where he was made court pianist and in ;
Messa e salmi concertate ad una, due, tre e Berlin. Works Concerto for jsiauoforte
:
;
quattro voci con stromenti obligati e ripieni, Overture to Hiilderlin's Hyijerion Suite in ;
a beneplacito, op. 4: (1687) ; and Cantate ed five movements ; Songs, etc.

oratorio a piti voci, op. 17 (1714). Besides ALBERT, HEINRICH, born at Loben-
these, there ai'e many cantate and motetti stein, Voigtland, Saxon)-, June 28, 1604,
dating from 1687 to 1721. Fetis ; Mendel died at Konigsberg, June 27, 1657 (Oct. 10,
Schilling. 1651 ?). Organist and poet. A nephew
ALBERICI, PIETRO GIUSEPPE, born and perhaps a pupil of Heinrich Schtitz, he
at Orvieto, Italy, lived in thebeginning of studied law in Leipsic and mu-tiic in Dres-
the ISth century. Composer and poet he den. In 1626 he studied at Konigsberg un-
;
publislied a musical dialogue for four voices der Stobbaeus, who was then Kapellmeister,
entitled L' Esilio di Adamo et di Eva dal and in 1631 he became organist of the old
:
Paradiso terrestre (Orvieto, 1703). Fetis church there. Albert's music showed all
;
Mendel. that was best in the German and Italian
S6
;
ALBERTAZZI
schools composed the words to many
; lie the operas Armando e Maria, at Naples,
:
of his owu and songs, eight collec-

lij-mns Teatro de' Fiorentini, 18C9, aud Oreste, ib.,
tions of which were printed by Paschen, TeatroPoliteama, 1872. Fetis, Supplement,
Meuse, aud Reussner, under the jâtronage i. 10.
of the Emperor of Germany, the King of ALBERTI, DOMENICO, born in Venice
Poland, and the Kurfiirst of Brandenburg. about 1717, died at Formio about 1740.
These collections were so pojiular that sev- Amateur singer, pianist, and dramatic com-
eral editions were published by the author, poser, pupil of Antonio Biffi in singing, aud
aud others were issued, without his jjermis- of Lotti in compositiou as the page of a ;
sion, at KOnigsberg aud Dautzic under the Venetian ambassador he went to Madrid,
title of " Poetisch-musicalisehes Lustwald- where hia singing excited the jealousy of
lein." These latter are very rare their ; Fariuelli. Iu 1737 he came to Rome with
original title was: Erster (Zweiter, etc.) the Marchese Molinari, and made his debut as
Theil der Arien etlicher theils geistlicher a composer. Works Operas : Endimione,
theils weltlicher, zur Andacht, guten Sitteu, given iu Rome, 1737 Galatea, ib., ; Olim-
;
keuscher Liebe uud Ehreu Lust, dienender piade 36 sonatas, for pianoforte.
; P^'tis ;
Lieder zum singen uud spielen gesetzt. Meudel ; Schilling.

This is followed by separate dedications to ALBERTI, GIUSEPPE MATTEO, born
each part, which are valuable on account of at Bologna in 168.5, died after 1726. Vi-
the princijjles on musical art given iu them olinist, jjupil of Carlo Manzoliui, of Pietro
at a time when a reform iu music was tak- Minelli on the violin, aud of Floriano Ar-
ing place by means of the basso continuo. resti in counteriôiut. He was first violinist
He was author of the manuscript, Tractatns at the Church of S. Petronio, was elected
de modo conficiendi contrajsunetum, at that member of the Accademia Filarmonica iu
time owned by Valentine Hausmann. He 1714, aud principe in 1721. Works : Dieci
composed for the centenary of the Konig.s- Coucerti a sei stromenti (Bologna, 1713)
berg University, Aug. 28, 164;4, a ComO- Dodici senate jser violino solo, con basso
dieii-Musik, afterwards given in the palace continuo (ib., 1721) ; Dodici sinfonie per
of the Kurfurst, thus becoming, after Hein- due violini, viola, violoncello ed organo (ib.,
rich Schiitz, the founder of German opera. 1726). Fetis Mendel. ;
This comedy was never jjublished and is now ALBERTI, JOHANN FRIEDRICH, born
lost. A Te Deum of his was published Sept. at TiJnning, Schleswig, Jan. 11, 1642, died
12, 1647. Albert's editions were originally at Merseburg, June 14, 1710. Contrapunt-
in folio, but an octavo edition was published ist and organist, jiupil of Werner Fabricius
by A. Profe, of Leipsic, in 1G57. Allgem. at Leipsic became organist at the cathe-
;
d. Biogr. ; Fetis ; Grove ; Mendel ; AViiiter- dral at Merseburg, but was obliged to re-
feld, Der evaug. Kirchengesaug, ii. 13G. sign in 1698 owing to a stroke of paralysis.
ALBERTAZZI, ALESSANDRO, born at He was esteemed one of the best composers
Stagno, in Parma, 1783, died Pupil at (?). of chorals, fugues, etc., and one of the most
Parma of the Carmelite friar Giuseppe Va- learned contrapuntists of his time. Fctis ;
leri, then of Fortunati iu singing and coun- Fiirstenau, Gesch. der Musik am Hofe zu
terpoint settled afterwards at Genoa. His Dresden, i. 143 Gerber, Hist. Lex. Spitta,
; ; ;
church music is highly esteemed. He wrote J. S. Bach, i. 98.

also an opera, Gli amanti raminglii, given ALBERTINI, GIOVACHINO, born about
about 1812, and much music for the piano- 1744, died at Warsaw, April, 1811. Dra-
forte. FOtis. matic comjjosei-, lived at Warsaw in 1784 as
ALBERTI, CARLO, born 1848 Kajjellmeister to the King of Poland. Po-
in Italy iu
or 1849. Dramatic composer, brought out litical events induced him to return to Italy,
Z!
; ;
ALBICASTEO.
where lie taught singing until 1804, wlien ib., Teatro di Sant' Angiolo, 1G98 Primis- ;
he was called back to Warsaw by Prince lao I., re di Boemia, ib., S. Cassiano, 1698,
Poniatowski for the instruction of his chil- Vicenza, 1701, Udiue, 1704 L'ingratitu- ;
dren. Works
Operas Don Giovanni, dine castigata, Venice, 1698 Diomede pn-
: ;
given at Venice, 1784 Le maitre de cha- nito da Alcide L' inganno innocente, both
; ;
pelle polonais (Polish opera), Warsaw, 1784 in Rome, 1701 L' arte in gara con 1' arte, ;
Circe, Hamburg, 1785 Virginia, Rome, Venice, 1702

; La fede tra gli ingauni, ;

1786 Scipione Africauo, ib., 1789. Fctis. Rome, 1707; Astarte, Venice, 1708; H tra-
;
ALBICASTEO, HENPvICO, boru in Switz- dimento tradito, ib., Sant' Angiolo, 1709
erland towards the end of the 17th century, Ciro riconosciuto, Rome, 1710 Giustina, ;
died (?). Violinist, real name Weissenburg. Bologna, 1711 H tiranno Eroe, Venice, S. ;
He served as captain in the Allied Ai'niies Cassiano, 1711 Le gare generose, ib., 1712 ;
;
during the Spanish War of Succession. Amor di figlio uon conosciuto, 171G Eu- ;
Works Sonatas for three parts, op. 1 (Am- mene, Rome, 1717; Cleomene, ib., 1718; II
:
sterdam, Roger); do., op. 4 (ib.) 12 do., Meleagro, Venice, 1718

; Gli eccessi della ;
op. 8 (ib.) 15 sonatas for violin and bass, gelosia, Rome, 1722, then under the title of
;
op. 2 (ib.); do., op. 5 and op. 6 (ib.); Sona- Marianna, Venice, Sant' Angiolo, 1724 Er- ;
tas for violin, violoncello, and bass, op. 3 mingarda, Rome, 1723 Laodicea, Venice, ;
Concertos for four parts, op. 7 (ib. ) Sona- S. Mose, 1724 Scij)ione nelle Spagne, ib.,
; ;
tas for violin and violoncello (ib.). Fetis

S. Samuele, 1724 Antigono tutore, 1724
; ; ;
Schilliug. Didone abbandouata, Rome, 1725 Alciua ;
ALBINI, FRANCESCO MARIA, Italian delusa da Ruggiero, 1725 II trionfo d' Ar- ;
dramatic composer, contemporary. Works mida, Venice, 1726 L' incostanza schernita,
: ;
Uu giorno di quarautena, opera butfa, giv- Rome, 1727; I due rivali in amore, and
en at Bologna, Teatro Contavalli, 18G6 and Griselda, ib., 1728 II concilio dei pianetti,
; ;

Lamberto Malatesta, opera. Fetis, Supple- and L' infedeltS, delusa, ib., 1729 Statira, ;
ment, i. 10. Venice, Sant' Angiolo, 1730 Gli strata- ;
ALBINONI, TOMilASO, boru in Venice gemmi amorosi, ib., S. Mos6, 1730; Elenia,
in 1674, died there in 1745 (?). Dramatic 1730 Ai'deliuda, 1732 Gli awenimenti di
; ;
composer and violinist. No i)articulars of Ruggiero, Venice, 1732 Candalide, ib., ;
his life are known. He wrote forty-two 1734; Artamene, ib., 1741. Other works:
ojieras, some vocal, and much instrumental Due e dieci souate a tre, op. 1 Siufonie a ;
music, in which he showed greater talent sei e sette, op. 2 (Venice, 1700) Dieci e ;
thau in his dramatic works. He was also due balletti, ossia sonate da camera a tre,
an excellent performer on the violin. Bach op. 3 12 cantatas for a single voice, and
;
took bass parts by Albinoui for j^ractice in bass, op. 4 12 concertos for 6 instru- ;
thorough bass and used many of his themes, ments, op. 5 Trattenimenti da camera, con- ;
notably two from his Opera prima, for sisting of 12 cantatas for a single voice,
fugues see Peters's edition of Bach's clavier and bass, op. 6 do. for oboe and violin,
; ;
works one in A (No. 10, cahier 13), the op. 7 12 ballets for two violins, violon-
; ;
other in F-sharp minor (No. 5, cahier 3). cello, and bass, op. 8 12 concertos for 2 ;
Works
Operas: Engelberta (conjointly oboes, viola, violoncello, and organ, op. 9.
with Gasparini), given at Venice, 1690 Zeno- F.'tis ;
Mendel Spitta, i. 423. ; ;
bia, regina de' Palmireni, Teatro de' SS.

ib., ALBRECHT, JOHANN LORENZ, called
Giovanni e Paolo, 1694 II prodigo dell' in- Magister Albrecht, boru at Giirmar, Thu-
;
nocenza, ib., ib., 1695 Zenoue, imperatore ringia, Jan. 8, 1732, died at Miihlhausen in
;
d' Oriente, ib., Teatro di S. Cassiano, 1696 1773. More especially a writer on music,
;
Tigrane, re d' Armenia, ib., 1697 Radamisto, but comjjosed cantatas (1758), a Passion
;
; ;
ALDIIECIIT
(1750), and exercises After 1765 he taught a few years in the

for pianoforte (1708).
Allgem. (L Biogr., Meudel.
i. 321family of a nobleman in Silesia, then in
; Fetis ;
ALBRECHT, JOHANN MATTHAUS, Vienna, earning a scanty living, but soon

boru at Osterbehringen, near Gotba, May 1, attracting attention by Lis organ playing,
1701, died at Frankfort in 1769. Cburcb which procured for him the position as Re-
composer and renowned organist, jjiipil of gens cliori at the Carmelites. In 1772 ho
Kapellmeister Witt at Gotlia visited South ;
was appointed court organist, and in 1792
Germany and France to Lear the best or- Kapellmeister at St. Stephen's Cathedral.
ganists, and f?ooii ranked witli tliem. He Member Vienna Academy, 1772, of
of
became organist at St. Catherine's, Frank- Stockholm Academy, 1798. As a teacher
fort, in 1724, and at the Metropolitan of counterpoint and composition lie was
Clmrch of the Barefooted Friars in 172G. considered the first of his day, and he num-
He was distinguished also as a didactic bered among Lis pupils most of the prom-
writer. Works : Cantatas for the twenty- inent musicians of the following generation,
fourth Sunday after Pentecost (1758) Pas- notably Beethoven (in 1794-95), Hummel,
;
sion according to the Evangelists (Miihl- Weigl, and Johanu Fuss. He left 261 works,
hausen, 1759) Musikalische Aufmunterung consisting of 43 masses, 43 graduates, 34
;
Anfiinger des Kliiviers (Augslnirg, 17G:5)

f (ir offertories, vespers, litanies, jwalnis, hymns,
Musikalische Aufmunterung in kleinen Kla- motets, etc.; 6 oratorios (Die Pilgrime auf
vierstiicken und Oden (Berlin, 1703) Con- Golgotha, Die Auffindung des Kreuzes, Ge-
;
certos for pianoforte (unpublished). ^len- Inirt Christi, Passion), 4 Te Deums, 4 sym-
del ; Schilling. phonies, a great deal of chamber music,
ALBRECHTSBEEGER, JOHANN besides fugues and preludes for organ and
GEORG, born at pianoforte ; of all these only 27, compris-
Klosterneuburg, ing chamber and organ music, were printed.
near Vienna, Feb. The bulk of his manuscript bequest, 244 in
3, 1736, died in number, was acquired by Prince Nikolaus
Vienna, March 7, Esterhiizy. A complete edition of his theo-
1809. Composer of retical writings was published by his pujiil,
church and cham- Iguatz von Seyfried J. G. Albreehtsber-
:
ber music, contra- ger's Siimmtliehe Schrifteu iiber General-

puntist, organist of bass, Harmonie und Tonsetzkunst, etc.
the first rank, and (Vienna, Strauss, 1837), containing also a

cue of the most
eminent theoreticians and teachers of mu-
sic. He was first instructed in his native
place by the parson Leopold Pittner, after-
wards pupil in Vienna of the court organ- biography and list of his works. Allgem.
ist Mann. Having pursued Lis educational d. Biogr., i. 323 Allg. mus. Zeitg., xi. 445 ;
studies at tlie Benedictine Abbej' of Mulk, xxxi. 443 Fetis Mendel Schilling. ; ; ;
and at the Jesuits' Seminarj' in Vienna, ALBRICI, VINCENZO, born in Rome,

where Michael Haydn was his fellow stu- June 26, 1631, died in Prague in 1696.
dent, he became an organist, first at Raab, About 1660 he was maestro di cappella to
Hungary, then at Maria-Taferl, finally at Queen Christina of Sweden at Stralsund, in
Molk, where he remained twelve years, and, 1664 to the Elector of Saxony at Dresden,
under the choir dii-ector Kimmerling, stud- in 1680 organist of St. Thomas' Church at
ied the classical works of Caldara, Pergo- Leipsic, and in 1682 director of music at
lesi, Grauu, Hasse, Handel, Bach, and others. St. Augustine's, Prague. His highly es-
;
ALBITMBLATT
teemed works were bought for the royal 1769, with a dedicatory epistle to the
library, Dresden, but perished iu the bom- Archducliess Leopold, explaining the com-
bardment of 17G0. Among those still pre- poser's intention iu its composition, which
served are Te Deum for 2 choruses, and
: was to produce an opera in which the mu-
small orchestra Kyrie for 8 voices Mass
; ; sic should be perfectly adapted to the
for do. Symbolum NiciEum for 4 voices
; drama, and should faithfully interpret each
and instruments The one hundred and
; situation without undue ornamentation.
fiftieth psalm for do. Fetis Mendel ; The new style was received with galling
Schilling. criticism, and in 1774 Gluck removed to
ALBmiBLATT, BIN, for pianoforte, by Paris, where his work, with its text trans-
Richard Wagner, composed 1860, published lated and adapted for the French stage by
as supplement to No. -11 (1871) of Musika- the Bailli du Rollet, was produced at the
lisches Wochenblatt. It has been arranged Academic de Musique, April 23, 1776. Al-
for orchestra by Reiclielt for violin and ; ceste was revived in Paris iu 1861, with
orchestra by August "Wilhelmj for violon- ; Pauline Viardot, and in 1866, with Mile
cello and orchestra b}' David Popper. Battu in the title role. Among its best
Kastner, Wagner Katalog, 51. numbers are : "Non, ce n'est iôint uu sa-
ALBUMBLATTER (Fr., Feuillets d'al- crifice," "Divinites du Styx," and, "Ah!
bum Album
; by Robert Schumann, divinites implacables " Other settings are
Leaves), !
a collection of twentj' short movements in by Strungk, Hamburg, 1682 by Antonio ;
varied styles, for pianoforte, op. 124. Com- Draghi, Vienna, 1699 by Schurmaun, ;
posed in 1832-45 dedicated to Frau Alma Hamburg, 1719

; by Lamjsugnani, Lon- ;
von Wasielewski. Published by F. W. Ar- don, 1745 by Schweitzer, text by Wie- ;
nold (Elberfeld, 1854). laud, Leij)sic, 1774 by Gresnick, London, ;
ALBUM FUR DIE JUGEND (Album 1786 by Portogallo, Venice, 1799 by El- ; ;
for the Young), by Robert Schumann, a col- wart, text by Hij^polyte Lucas, Paris, 1847.
lection of forty-three short movements iu Marx, Gluck u. d. Oper, 337 Des- i. ;
varied styles for the pianoforte, op. 68. noiresterres, Gluck et Picciuui, 62, 129.
Composed iu 1848 ijublished by J. Schu-;
ALCESTE, Handel. See Choice of Her-
berth & Co. (Leijisic and New York, 1849- cules.
51). ALCHYlVnST, DER (The Alchemist).
ALCESTE (Alcestis) ; or, Le triomphe German opera, text by Pfeiffer, adapted
dAlcide (The Triumph of Hercules). Lyric from Washington Irving's story of the
tragedy iu live acts, text by Quinault, music same title, music by Sjjohr ; first jierformed
by Lulli, first represented iu the theatre at Cassel, July 28, 1830, the elector's
of the Palais Royal, Paris, Jan. 19, 1674. had but a temporary suc-
birthday. It
The plot, derived fi'om the "Alcestis" of cess. Other operas by this title By :
Eui-ijiides, turns on the restoration to life, Johann Andre, Berlin, about 1765 by ;
through the efforts of Hercules, who strug- Schuster, Vienna, 1785 by Hoffmeister, ;
gles with and overcomes Death, of Alcestis, about 1790 L' Alchimista, Italian opera, ;
who had died in place of her husband, Ad- by Laui-o Rossi, Naples, 1853 L'Alchi- ;
metus. King of Pheric. This ojjera was al- miste, French opera in one act, by Leon
ways successful by Gluck's
until eclipsed Paliard, Lyons, 1855
work. Hanslick, Moderne Oper, 23. ALCIBIADE
opera (Alcibiades), Italian
ALCESTE, tragic opera iu three acts, 1680 by
by Marc Antonio Ziaui, Venice, ;
Italian text by Calzabigi, music by Gluck, Ballarotti (with Gasparini), Venice, 1699 ;
first represented iu Vienna, Dec. 16, 17G6. by Stefi'ani, text by Orteusio Mauro, Bruns-
The score waa published iu Vienna iu wick, 1696, Hamburg, 1697 by Cordelia, ;
30
:
ALCIDE
Venice, 1825 bj- C. L. J. Hanssens, test mony of Sound.
;
Hail, ever pleasing Soli-
by Scribe, Brussels, 182'J. Alcibiade solitude, a glee, gained a medal at the Catch
taire, French opera in two acts, text by Cu- Club in 1790. His son, John Alcock (Mus.
velier and Barouillet, music by Louis Alex- B., born in 1739, died in 1791), was or-
andre Picciuui, was given at the O^x-ra, ganist of Preston, and comjjoser of anthems
Paris, March 8, 182-4. in 1773-76. Grove Fetis Mendel. ; ;
ALCIDE AL BIVIO, Italian opera, text ALDAY, the younger, born at Perpignan
by Metastasio, music by Paisieho, repre- or at Avignon in 1764, died at Edinburgh
sented at St. Petersburg about 1770. Ital- after 1806. Violinist, supposed pupil of
ian opera, same title, appeared with great success in the

music by Eighiui, Cob- Viotti ;
leutz, 1789. Concerts spirituels in Paris until 1791,

ALCIDES. See Choice of Hercules. when he went to England. In 1806 he
ALCINA, Italian opera, text by Antonio was called as musical director to Edin-
Marchi, music by Handel, represented at burgh. Works First Concerto for violin :
Covent Garden Theatre, London, April 16, (Paris, Imbault) Fourth Concerto for vio- ;
1735. The MS. is dated at the end, April lin (ib.) Second and Third Concertos for ;
8, 1735. Alciiia, a character in Boiardo's violin (Paris, Sieber) ; Duos for two vio-
"Orlando lunamorato," and in Ariosto's lins (Paris, Decombe) Melanges for two ;
" Orlando Furioso," is a kind of Circe, who violins (Paris, Leduc) Airs varies for violin ;
enjoys her lovers for a time in her en- and viola (ib., Imbault) Trios for two vio- ;
chanted garden, and then metamorphoses lins and bass (London, Lavenu). His elder

them into trees, wild beasts, etc. Rock- brother, born in 1763, was also a viohnist,
stro, Handel, 191 Schojlcher, Handel, 176. though less distinguished
;
played in the ;
ALCOCK, JOHN, born in London, April Concert spirituel in 1783, and with his
11, 1715, died at Lich- brother in 1789, and settled at Lyons about
field, March, 1806. 1795 as a music dealer. He composed
Organist pupil of Symphonie concertante for two violins (Am-
;
Stanley. He was chor- sterdam, Hummel) ; do. for two violins and
ister of St Paul's Ca- viola (Paris, Sieber) ;

Quartets for violins,
thedral in 1722 ; or- viola, and bass (ib., Pleyel) ; Method for
ganist of St. Andrew's, the violin (Lyons, Cartoux). To one of the
Plymouth, in 1738, of brothers is due the music to the lyrical
St. Lawrence's, Head- drama GeneviOve de Brabant, given at the
ing, in 1742, and of Theatre Louvois, 1791. Fetis ; do.. Sup-

Lichfield Cathedral in 1749, when ho was plement, i. 10 ; Mendel ; Schilling.
also master of choristers and lay vicar in ALDOVRANDINI, GIUSEPPE AN-

;
1760 he resigned all positions but thatof lay TONIO VINCENZO, born in Bologna
vicar. He received fi-om Oxford the degree about l(i65. Dramatic composer, pupU of
of Mus. B. in 1755, and Mus. D. in 1761. Jacques Perti. He was a member of the
Works Six Suites of Lessons for the
:
Accademia Filarmonica of Bologna in 1695,
Haqisichord, Twelve Songs (Plymouth), and principe in 1702 honorary maestro ;
Six Concertos, Collection of Psalms, Hymns, di cappella to the Duke of Mantua. Works
and Anthems (Reading) Morning and ;

Operas: Dafne, Gl' inganni amorosi sco-
Evening Service in E minor (1753) perti in villa, both given at Bologna in 1696
;
;
Twenty-six Anthems, and a Burial Service Ottaviano, Turin, 1697 Amor torna in ;
cinque cinquanta, ovvero Nozz' dla Flip-

(1771); a book of glees, Harmonia Festi al
psalm pa Bedette, comic opera in Bolognese

(1790). He edited a collection of e d'
L'orfano, Naples
tunes, arranged for four voices, called Har- patois, Bologna, 1699 ;
31

ALDKICH
carnival, 1699 ; La fortezza al cimento, afterwards visited the principal cities of
Venice, 1699 ; Le due Auguste, Bologna, Europe. In 1769 he was in London, where
1700 ; Cesare in Alessandria, Naples, he brought out several operas in 1773 in ;
1700 ; Semiramide, Genoa, 1701 ; Pirro, Dresden, in 1774 in Italy, in 1775 in Lou-
Venice, 1704 ; don again, and in 1778-86 in Italy. He
I tre rivali al soglio, ib.,
1711 ; an oratorio, S. went to Russia in 1786, but was unsuccess-

Sigismondo (1704) ;
cburcli music, consisting of three collec- ful there, and returned to Italy in 1788.
tions of motets (Bologna, 1701-1703) so- In 1789 he was in Berlin, where he re-
;
natas for three parts, op. 5 (Amsterdam). mained until 1792, as Kapellmeister to the
Fetis. king. His II ritoruo d' Ulisse, given there
ALDRICH, HENRY, born at Westmin- in 1790, was very successful but his opera ;
ster in 1647, died buffa. La com23agnia d' oj)era in Nanchino,

in Oxford, Dec. a satire on the cabals of the Theatre Royal,
14, 1710. He went was denounced by the critics, his opera of
from Westminster Dario was hissed in 1791, and such dis-
School to Christ putes and jealousies arose that he was dis-
Church College, Ox- missed from the service of the king, after
ford, of which he be- which nothing is known of him. Works
came A.M. in 1G69, Operas Ezio, given at Verona, 1767
: II ;
Canon in February, matrimonio per concorso, Vienna, 1767 ;
1681, D.D. ill the fol- Argentino, ib., 1768 La mogiie fedele, ;
lowing May, and Dean in 1689. He ad- London, 1769 II re alia caccia, ib., 1769
;
;
vanced the study and progress of church L'amore soldato, Dresden, 1773 Creso, ;
music ill his college and cathedral, con- Pavia, 1774 La sjiosa persiana, London,
;
tributing services and about fifty anthems, 1775 ; La novita, ib., 1775 La contadina ;
original and adapted from Italian compos- (with Sacchini), ib., 1775 Calliroe, Milan, ;
ers. They are to be found in the collec- 1778 Venere in Cij)ro, Milan, at the carni-
;
tions of Ely,Tudway, Christ Church MSS., val, 1779 Attalo, Florence, 1780
; II vec- ;
Boyce, Ai'nold, and Page. He bequeathed chio geloso, Milan, 1781

marito geloso, ; II
to his college a large musical library con- Leghorn, 1781 Demofoonte, Padua, 1783 ;
;
taining the works of Palestrina, Carissinii, Ai-taserse, Naples, 1784 I iiuntigli gelosi, ;
Bassani, Graziani, and other Italian com- Palermo, 1784 I due fratelli, Cassel, 1785 ;
;
posers. His works include Morning and La finta priucipessa, Ferrara, 1786 Pappa ;
Evening Service in G (Boyce), do. in A Mosca, Vienna, 1788 II ritorno d' Ulisse, ;
(Arnold), and several catches. Hark, the Berlin, 1790 La compagnia d' opera in ;
Bonny Christ Church Bolls, being one of Nanchino, Potsdam, 1788 Dario, Berlin, ;
the most popular.

Barrett, English Church 1791. Fctis Mendel. ;
Composers, 85 Fetis Grove Harmonicon

; ;ALESSANDRI, GENNARO D', born at
;
(1832), 95. Naples in 1717, died (?). Dramatic com-

ALESSANDRI, FELICE, born in Rome poser author of several operas, among ;
in 1742, died after 1791. Dramatic com- which is Ottone, given in Venice, Teatro di
poser and harpsichord player pupil of San Giovanni Crisostomo, 1740.
; Fetis.
the Conservatorio, Naples. When young ALESSANDRO, Italian opera, in three
he went to Turin as harpsichord player acts, music by Handel, represented at the
and composer, and subsequently spent King's Theatre, London, May 5, 1726. The
four years in Paris, writing for the Con- principal parts were sung by Signore Faus-
certs Spirituels. On his return to Italy in tina and Cuzzoni, and by Signor Senesino.
1767 he brought out several operas, and It was a success, and ran imtil the close of
;
ALESSAXDRO
the season, June 7, 1726. It was repro- 1786 Caruso, Rome, 1787, Venice, 1791 Bi-
; ;
duced in 1743 under the title of Roxaua anchi, Brescia, 1788 ; Tarchi, London, 1789,
or, Alexander in India. The MS. is in Turin, 1793 Himmel, St. Petersburg, 1799
; ;
Buckingham Palace. Oiêras of the same Bomtempo, about 1800 Pacini, Naples,
;
title have been written by Duni, given in Alexandre aux ludes, tragedy, ojjera 1824.
Italy, 1736 Leo, Naples, 1741 Himmel,
;
by Morel, founded on the ; in three acts, text
St. Petersburg, 1799. Alexander, German "Alexandre" of Racine, music by Mcreaux,
opera, text by Schikaneder, music by was represented at the Opera, Paris, Aug.
Franz Tayber, given in Vienna, June 13, 26, 1783 Alexander am Indus, Russian ;
1800. Kockstro, Handel, 147 ; Schcelcher, opera, by Sigismoud Neukomm, St. Peters-
Handel, 75 ; Chrysander, H. 145. burg, 1805 and Alessandro nell' Indie, bal-
;
ALESSANDRO IN EFESO (Alexan- let, by Peter Lichtenthal, Milan, 1820.
der in Ephesus), Italian opera, music by ALESSANDRO, LUIGI, born at Siena in

Giacomo Tritto, represented at Mantua, 1736, died there, Jan. 29, 1794. Church
1804 by Marinelli, Milan, 1810 Alexan-
; ; composer, became maestro di cappella at
der in Ephesus, German ojjera seria, music the cathedral of his native citj' iu 1786.
by Lindpaintner, Stuttgart, about 1815. He wrote manj' masses, vespers, and motets,
"
ALESSANDRO NELL' INDIE (Alex- which are esteemed in Italy. Fetis.
ander iu India), Italian opera in three acts, ALESSANDRO ROJIANO, lived in the
text by Metastasio, first set to music latter half of the 1 6tli century. Viola player ;
by Vinci, and represented at the Teatro called della Viola from his facility on that
delle Dame, Rome, Dec. 26, 1729. Subject, instrument. In 1560 he was chorister of
the meeting of Alexander the Great with the Pojie's chapel, Rome. He composed
the Indian king Porus. Scene, on the motets and songs, among them a collection
banks of the Hydaspes. Characters repre- of Cauzoni alia napoletana for five voices
sented Alessandro, Poro, Cleofide, Erisse- and music for the viola and other instru-
:
na, Gandarte, Timagene. The libretto has ments. Some of his MSS. are in the Royal
been set to music also by Porjiora, Dresden, Library, Munich. Fetis Mendel. ;
about 1730 Johauu Adolphe Hasse, Dres-

; ALESSANDRO SEVERO (Alexander
den, 1731 Manciui, Venice, 1732
; Bioni, Severus), Italian opera, music by Antonio ;
Breslau, 1733 Scliiassi, Bologna,

; 1734 Lotti, represented at Venice, 1717 by Chel- ;
;
Pescetti, Venice, 1740 Araja, St. Peters- leri, Brescia, 1718

; by Sarri, Naples, 1719 ; ;
burg, 1740 Leo, Rome, 1741 Graun, Ber- Bioni, Breslau, 1733 Bonno, serenata, Vi-
; ; ;
lin, 1744 Gluck, Turin, 1745

; Galuppi, enna, 1737 by Bernasconi, Venice, 1741
; ; ;
Vienna, 1749 Perez, Genoa, 1751, Lisbon, and by Sacchini, Venice, 1770.
; Alexander
1755 Latilla, 1753
; Jommelli, Stuttgart, Severus, pasticcio, by Handel, Covent Gar-
;
1757 ;Scolari, Venice, 1758 Piccinui, den Theatre, London, Feb. 25, 1738.
; The
Rome, 1758, Naples (new music), 1775 score was composed entirely of his own old ;
Holzbauer, Milan, 1759 Gioacchiuo Coc- music, with a special overture, which be-
;
chi, London, 1761 Majo, Naples, 1767 ; came very popular. ;
Naumann, Venice, 1768 Sacchini, Venice, ALESSANDRO STRADELL.\. See

;
1768, Turin (new music), about 1770 Caba- StradeUa. ;
lone, Naples, 1770 Bertoni, 1770 Paisiello,

; ALESSANDRO E TIMOTEO (Alexander ;
Modena, 1775 Domenico Corri, London, and Timotheus), Italian opera, music by
;
1774; Kozeluch, Prague, 1774; Friedrich Sarti, represented in Venice in 1782 rear- ;
Rust, 1775 Mortellari, 1779

; Cimarosa, ranged by Perotti, London, 1800.
;
Rome, 1781; Cherubini, Mantua, 1784 Gres- ALESSIO, D', Italian dramatic ;
nick, London, 1785 Chiavacchi, Milan, composer, contemporary. He brought out

;
ALESSIO
two opere buffe Elena in Troja, and Le
: failed through his incapacity for such a
figlie di Bianca, Teatro Polite-
at Naples, task. Rockstro,
Handel, 203 ;Schcelcher,

ama, iu 1875. Fetis, Supplement, i. 11. Handel, 179 Crysander, H. 417.
;
ALEXANDER. See Alessandro. ALEXANDRE A BABYLONE (Alexan-

ALEXANDER BALUS, oratorio, text by der at Babylon), French opera in three acts,
Dr. Thomas Morell, music by Handel, first music by Lesueur, received at the Opera,
performed at Coveut Garden, London, March Paris, in 1823, but never rejiresented.
9, ITrtS. Alexander Balas (as it should be ALEXANDRE, CHARLES GUIL-
written). King of Syria from 150 to 14:6 b.c ,
LAUISIE, flourished in Paris about the
was a pretended son of Antiochus Eiîpha- middle of the 18th century. Dramatic com-
nes, who defeated Demetrius Soter and poser, wrote the operas comiques Georget
:
took possession of his throne. The score et Georgette, given iu Paris at the Theatre
of the oratorio, in Buckingham Palace, is de la Foire Saint Laurent, 1761 Le petit ;
dated at the beginning June 1, 1747, and at maitre en province, ib.. Theatre Italien,
the end July 4, 1747. Characters represent- 1765 L'esj^rit du jour, ib., 1767 Music
; ;
ed Alexander Balus, Ptolomee, Jonathan, for the two spectacular pieces, Le triomphe
:
Cleopatra, Aspasia, Chorus of Israelites, de I'amour conjugal, and La conquete du

Chorus of Published by the Hiln- Mogol, performed at the Theatre du Palais
Asiatics.

Rockstro, des TuUIeries, 1755 and 1756.
del-Gesellschaft (Leijiic, 1870). Among
Handel, 287 Schcelscher, Handel, 308.
; his instrumental music are sis duets for
ALEXANDER, JOHANN (Joseph ?), lived two violins, op. 8 (Paris, 1775). Fetis, Sup-
at Duisburg, Rhenish Prussia, in the latter plement, i. 11.
part of the 18th, and beginning of the 19th, ALFONSO UND ESTRELLA, giand op-
centuries. and instrumental era iu three acts, text by Franz von Schober,
Violoncellist
composer, etc. His variations for the vio- music by Franz Schubert, written in 1821-
loncello on the air, O mein lieber and an 23. ; It remained unre^jresented vintil Juue
arietta on the German air, Mich fliehen 24, 1854, twenty-six j-ears after Schubert's
meine Freuden, were popular. He was the death, wheu it was given a single perform-
author of Anweisung fiir das Violoncell ance, under the direction of Liszt, at the
:
(Leipsic, 1801). Fetis Mendel.; court theatre, Weimar, on the birthday of

ALEXANDER'S FEAST, ode, words by the Grand Duke. In 1879 Kajsellmeister
Dryden, music by Handel, first performed Johann Fuchs, of the court ojaera, Vienna,
at Covent Garden Theatre, London, Feb. rewrote the libretto and shortened the
19, 1736. The jDoem, the second of Dry- work, and it was produced at Cai-lsruhe
den's odes for St. Cecilia's Day, " Alexander's with gi-eat success, March 22, 1881 and in ;
Feast or. The Power of Music," was rear- Vienna, April 15, 1882. The scene of the
;
ranged with additions by Newburgh Ham- libretto is iu Sjjaiu, where Troila, King of
ilton. The score is dated at the beginning, Leon, deprived of his throne by Mauregato,
Jan. 5, 1736, and at the end, Jan. 17, 1736. lives in a secluded valley with his son Al-
The principal singers were Siguora Strada, fonso. Estrella, daughter of Mauregato, is
Miss Young (afterwards Mrs. Dr. Arne), beloved by Adolfo, her father's generalis-
John Beard, and Erard, a basso. It was simo, but meets Alfonso, while hunting, and
published by Walsh in 1738, and by the loves him. Alfonso defeats in battle Adolfo,
Handel Gesellschaft (Leipsic, 1862). In who has rebelled, saves Mauregato, wins
1790 Mozart wrote some additional accom- Estrella, and receives the kingdom from
paniments to the ode for Baron von Swieten, his father, Troila, who has himself been re-
Vienna. John Clayton had attempted in instated by Mauregato. The original cast
1711 to write music to Dryden's ode, but (1854) was as follows :
84
;
ALFEED
Troila Herr Milde. a jJrologue, text by Scribe and Melesville,
Alfouso Herr Liebert. music by Cherubini, represented at the
Adolfo Herr Mayrliofer. Aeadomie Royale de Musique, Paris, July
Mauregato Herr HOfer. 22, 1833. The libretto, the subject of
Estrella Frau Milde. which is fi'om the " Ai-abian Nights," is but
a rearrangement of Koukourgi, an unrep-
The original score, without the overture, is resented opera written by Cherubini in
in the library of the Musikverein, Vienna. 1793 (text by Duveyrier-Melesville pere),
The overture, which is dated December, with the music adajjted and partly rewrit-
1823, belongs to Herr Spina, who published ten. The overture was probably new and ;
it in 1867. A bass and a tenor air have the composer introduced into the work the
also been published, with pianoforte ac- march from Faniska and the bacchanale
comj)animent, by Diabelli (1832). Hellborn from his ballet Achille a Sciros. A German
(Coleridge), i. 234 ii. 293 Grove, iii. 335
; ; ;
Schauspiel of the same title, text by Th.
Leipsic, Siguale (1882), 465. Hell, music by Marschner, was given about
ALFRED THE GREAT, King of Eng- 1822. Ali Baba, operetta, music by Charles
land, has furnished the subject of the fol- Lecocq, given at the Alhambra, Brussels,
lowing works Alfred, English masque, text
: Nov. 11, 1887.
by Thomson, and Mallet, music by Thomas ALI PASCHA VON JANINA (Ali Pa-
Augustine Arne (see Rule Britannia), Drury sha of Janina), opera by Lortzing, libretto
Lane, London, Aug. 14, 1740 do., same ; founded on the story of the celebrated des-
text, music by Charles Burney, London, pot of Albania,first rejoresented at Cologne
1759 Alfred, lyric tragedy, by Pitter-

; in 1824. This, Lortzing's first opera, was
lin, Magdeburg, 1797 Alfredo il Grande,
; produced with success in the chief cities of
music by Donizetti, Venice, 1823 Alfred, ; German}-.
grand opera, text by Kotzebue, music ALIANI, FRANCESCO, born at Piacen-
by Wolfram, Dresden, 1826 Alfred der ; za, died therein May, 1812. Violoncellist
Grosse, German heroic opera iu two acts, first instructed by his father, a violinist,
text by Korner, music by Johanu Philipp then pupil of Giusejiise Rovelli at Parma.
Schmidt, Hamburg, about 1840 opera in ; After five years he returned home, and be-
three acts, music by Reuling, Vienna, 1840 ;
came first violoncellist in the orchestras of
German opera, by Maurice Chemin-Petit, the church and the theatre. He has pub-
Halle, 1858 Konig Alfred, three acts, text
; lished three books of duets for two violon-
by Logan, music by Joachim Raff, Weimar, cellos. His son Luigi, born at Piacenza in
March 9, 1851 Alfred, King of Wessex,
; 1789, was a violinist of distinction. Fetis ;
English opera, by Raymond Stainford, Liv- Mendel.

erpool, 1864. ALICE DE NEVERS, opera fantasy,
ALGHISI (Algisi), PARIS FRANCESCO, original plot, text and music by Herve,
born at Brescia, Italy, June 2, 1666, died represented at the Folies Dramatiques,
there, March 29, 1743. Dramatic composer Paris, April 22, 1875. Sung by Herve,
and organist at the cathedral of his native Mme Desclauzas, and Mile Perrier.
city ; lived for some time in Venice, where, ALIDIA. See Dernier jour de Pompeii.
in 1690, he brought out two operas : ALINE, REINE DE GOLCONDE
L' amor di Curzio per la patria, and R (Alina, Queen of Golconda), opera ballet in
trionfo delta continenza, at the Teatro SS. three acts, text by Sedaine, music by Mon-
Giovanni e Paolo. Fetis. signy, represented at the Comedie Itali-
ALI BABA (or, Les quarante voleurs ; enne, Paris, April 15, 1766. The subject,
The Forty Thieves), opera in four acts and which is from a story by Boufflers, has
3B
ALINOVI
been treated also by Eauzzini in La re- : the first prize in 1823 of Dourlen in har-
;
gina di Golconda, Loudon, 1775 Uttini, ; mony, winning the first prize in 1826 and ;
Stockholm, 1775; Martyu y Solar, Flor- he obtained honorable mention at the Cou-
ence, 1781 Johaun A. P. Schulz, Coijen-
; cours de ITnstitut for fugue and counter-
hagen, 1789 Berton, opcra-comique iu
; point iu 1831. After a visit to London in
three acts, text by Vial and Favieres, The- 1833, he settled in Paris as a teacher of
atre Feydeau, Paris, Sept. 2, 1803, ar- the pianoforte. By him are seventy-two
ranged as a ballet by G. Dugazou, Aca- published works, including transcriptions,
demie Koyale, Oct. 1, 1823, and Opei'a songs, pieces caracteristiques, two con-
National, Nov. 16, 1847; Boieldieu, St. certos, sonatas, duos, a trio, etudes, and
Petersburg, March 5, 1804 Karl Blum, ; cajjrices. Among them are : Trois grandes
Aline, ballet, Vienna, 1814 Donizetti, ; etudes ; Fantaisie pour la main gauche
Alina, regiua di Golconda, text b}' Ko- seule ; Introduction et Finale pour la main
mani, Genoa, 1828, St. Petersburg, 1851, droite seule ; Etude a mouvement sembla-
Paris, March 10, 1870 Braga, Naples, ; ble et perpetuel pour les deux mains ; 12
1853 Vizentini, Alina, opera semi-seria,
; etudes dans les majeurs, op. 35 ; 12 etudes
Verona, 1878. dans les mineurs, op. 39, etc. His brother,
ALINOVI, GIUSEPPE, born Parma, Napoleon Morhange (born in Paris, Feb.
at
Sept. 27, 1790, died (?). Instrumental 2, 1826), was a pupil of Adam and of Zim-
and vocal composer, pupil of Francesco mermaun at the Conservatoire, and iu 1850
Fortuuati devoted himself to teaching won the second prize of the Institut de
;
vocal music and pianoforte. The manu- France for his cantata Emma et Eginhard.
scripts of his numerous compositions, sa- He has published several works for the
cred and profane, are to be found iu nearlj' j)ianoforte. Grove Fetis Mendel. ; ;
all the archives of Italy. He published ALL THE WORLD OVER. See 3Iari- :
Divertimento per corno con accomp. di tana.

grande orchestra (Milau, Ricordi) lutro- ALLA POMPA CHE SI APPRESTA. ;
duzione e tema origiuale con variazioni See A'ida.

per il pianoforte (ib.). Fetis. ALLCHIN, WILLIAM THOMAS HOW-
ALIPKANDI, BERNARDO, born in ELL, boru iu England in 1843, died at Ox-
Tuscauy beginning of 18th century.
in the ford, Jan. 8, 1863. Organist of St. John's
In 1730 he was composer at the court of College, Oxford, from 1875. Works : The
Bavaria, and later director of the orchestra Rebellion of Korah, sacred dramatic can-
at Munich. Works Operas Mithridate, : tata, performed 1869 ; Songs.
given at Munich iu 1738 Iphigenie, ib., ; ALLEGRI, DOMENICO, born in Rome,
1739 Semiramide, ib., 1740.
; His son second half of 16th century, died (?). Ma-
Bernardo, who was first violoncellist in the estro di cajijaella iu the Tiberiau Basilica
Munich orchestra about 1780, composed 1610-1629. He was one of the first in
for the violoncello and probably for the composers who wrote obligato instrumental
viola di gamba. Fctis Mendel. accompaniments to choral compositions. His
;
ALKAN, CHARLES HENRI VALEN- first attempt at this style of writing was in
TIN, born iu Paris iu December, 1813 his work Modi quos expressit in choris
; ;
known as Alkan aine. Pianist pupil of (Rome, 1617). He was a composer of sec-
;
the Conservatoire, Paris. He won the first ondary importance, and one of those who
prize of solfege when only seven years old, sought to revive the old style of vocal writ-
when he also played on the violin iu public ing, " ad voces sequales." An " Euge, serve
an air varii' by Rode. He was the pupil of bone " for twelve tenors, a " Beatus ille
Zimmermaun on the pianoforte, and took servus " for twelve basses, and a sixteen
ALLEGRI
voice mass of " beautiful " (Neapolitan) period.
his are in the Santini collec- His most
tion in Rome. Ambros, famous composition is his great Misei-ere
iv. 107 ; Fetis.
ALLEGRI, FILIPPO, born at Florence, for two choruses, which is stiU sung in the
July 18, 17G8, died (?). Church composer, Sixtine Chapel on every Good Friday. His
pupil of Luigi Bracciiii became j)rofessor published compositions are II primo libro
;
:
lit the seminary, and maestro di cappella at di concerti a due, tre e quattro voci (Rome,
San Michele. Among his compositions are : Soldi, 1618) ; II secondo libro di, etc. (ib.,
Requiem Mass for four voices and grand or- 1619) ; Gregorii Allegri Romani Firmanpe
chestra O Salutaris hostia, for soprano and
;
ecclesife beneficiati motecta duarum, trium,
bass Verbum caro factum est, motet for
;
quatuor, quinque, sex vocum, liber primus

tenor and bass. Fetis Mendel. ; (ib., 1620) do., do., liber secundus, (ib.,
;
ALLEGRI, GREGORIO, born in Rome 1621) Egredimini et videte, for 2 sopranos

;
in 1560, died and tenor, in Fabio Coustantini's " Scelta di

there, Feb. 18, motetti" (1618). A large number of works
1652. He was of in MS. are in the archives of S. Maria in
the same family Vallicella, the Pontifical Chapel, the Collegio
as Antonio Alle- Romano, and in the Library of the Abbate
gri, the painter, Santini. The Altaemps collection, in the
surnamed "11 Collegio Romano, contains several impor-
Correggio." A pu- tant instrumental compositions. Ambros,
pil Giovanni
of iv. 90 ; Fetis ; Naumann (Ouseley), i. 512.
Maria Nanini, he ALLEGRO, IL PENSEROSO ED IL

reached the age IMODERATO, L', text adapted from Milton
of manhood just by Charles Jeunen.s, who added the third
as Palestriua's fame was at its by Handel, first produced at the
height. He part, nnisic
was then a beneficed priest attached to the Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre, London, Feb.
cathedral at Fermo. On Dec. 6, 1629, Ur- 27, 1740. The score, in Buckingham Palace,
ban Vni. called him to Rome to enter the is dated at the beginning Jan. 19, 1740, and'
college of pajjal singers, where he remained at tl)e end Feb. 4, 1740. Published by
until his death. He was buried in S. Walsh, and by the Hiindel-Gesellschaft
Maria in Vallicella, in the tomb appropriated (Leipsic, 1859). Robert Franz has supphed
to the college of singers of the Vatican the score with complete additional accom-
choir. Allegri was one of the shining paniments. Rockstro, Handel, 212 Schoel- ;
lights of the great Roman School, some- cher, Handel, 229 Chrysander, III. 112. ;
times called the Palestrina School. If his ALLEN, ALFRED BENJTUyilN, born at
music shows, in general, all the purity of Kingsland, Middlesex, England, Sept. 4,
style, objective beauty, and elevation of 1850, still living, 1888. Pianist, studied at
religious sentiment for which the school is the London Academy of Music, 1868.
noted, the subjective emotional element of- Works Songs, orchestral and organ music, :
ten asserts itself. In Allegri the use of and a secular cantata.

dissonances for the expression of agonized ALLEN, GEORGE BENJAjVIIN, born in
grief is more frequent, and plainly more London, April 21, 1822, still living, 1888.
intentional, than in Palestrina and Nanini ;
Dramatic composer, chorister at St. Martin's-
nor are other quasi-picturesque traits in-the Field, 18.30, in Westminister Abbey,
wanting. In this sense, Allegri may be 1832, at Armagh Cathedral, Ireland, 1843,
looked upon as a sort of connecting link resierned in 1862, and became organist and
between the so-called "great" (Roman) choirmaster of All Saints' Church at Ken-
period of Italian music, and the ensuing sington aftei-wards organist at Toorak, ;
37
;:; ;
ALLES
Melbourne, Australia, wliere he was also Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1877 Mus. Doc, ;
conductor of Lj'ster's Ojjera Comiâny. He Dublin, 1877; M.R.A.M., 1880. Works:

organized an opera company with which he Sacred cantata for solo voices, chorus, and
travelled through Australia, New Zealand, orchestra (1871), performed in 1877 Can- ;
and India with great success and on his ; tata for do. (1874) ; Symphony for full or-
return to England established a comedy chestra (1875) Suite for do. Concerto for ; ;
opera company. Works Operas Castle pianoforte and orchestra (1870), performed
:
Grim, given in London, 18G5 The Viking ;

1877 ; Le Champ de Mars, war-march for
The Wicklow Rose, Manchester, 1882 2 ; orchestra (1873) Sonata for organ (1865)
;
others in manuscript. Cantatas Harvest : String quartet (1865) Concerto for two
;
Home, 1863; The Vintage of the Rhine, pianofortes (1865), and other pieces and
1865; Ministering Angels, 1884; Te De- studies for pianoforte The 110th, 117th,
;
ums Anthems Concerted vocal music

; ; ;
and 134th psalms, for .solo voices, chorus,
Songs. and string orchestra (1876) Lord Wolse- ;
ALLES riJHLT DER LIEBE FREU- ley's March, 1883 Anthems Songs and
; ;
DEN. See ZauberflOff. four-jjart songs.

ALLEVI, GIUSEPPE, Italian composer ALLISON, RICHARD, English composer
of the 17th century. He was maestro di and teacher of music in London in the
capisella of the cathedral at Piacenza au- reign of Elizabeth.
;
His name first occurs
thor of three books of sacred music, the as a contributor to Thomas Este's Whole
second and third of which are entitled Booke of Psalms, 1592. He published The
Composizioni sacre a due, tre, e quattro Psalmes of David in Meter, 1599, a collection
voci, Missa jser li defonti a quattro a cap- of old church tunes harmonized by himself,
pella (Venice, Magni e Gardano, 16G2) in four parts, with an accompaniment for
Terzo libro delle composizioni sacre, etc. the lute, orpharyon, citterne, or bass-viol
(Bologna, Monti, 1668). Ft-tis. also An Houre's Recreation in Musicke, apt
ALLEZ DANS UN CLOiTRE. See for Instruments and Voyces, 1606.

Hamlet. ALLMACHTGE JUNGFRAU. See
ALLISON, HORTON CLARIDGE, born Tannhdusn:
in Loudon, July 25, ALL^MACHT'GER VATER. See Eienzi.
1846. Organist and ALJUA L' INCANTATRICE, opera seria
pianist, pupil at the in four acts, text bj- Saint-Georges, music
I
Royal Academy of by Flotow, represented at the Theatre
Music of William Italien, Paris, April 9, 1878. This work is
Henry Holmes, of the development of an older opera by the

Macfarreu and of same master, entitled L'Esclave de Ca-
Garcia, at the Con- moens, given in Paris in 1843, and later in
servatorium, Leipsic Vienna under the title of Indra.
(1862-65), of Plaidy, ALMEIDA, FERNANDO D', born at
Riehter, Reinecke, Lisbon, Portugal, about 1618, died at
Hauptmann, and Moscheles won the first Tbomar, March 21, 1660. Church com-
;
prize in 1865, and played at the Gewand- poser, one of the most distinguished pupils
haus Concerts during his stay at Leipsic. of Duarte Lobo, and highly esteemed by
Organist of St. James's, London, 1867 St. King John IV. of Portugal. He entered the
;
Paul's, Bolton, 1868; St. Paul's, Kersal, Order of Christ at Thomar in 1638. Of his
Manchester, 1869 ; appointed examiner, works only a folio volume in manuscript is
li.A.M., 1875, and one of the Queen's ex- preserved, containing Lamentayoes, Respon-
aminers, 1884. He became A.R.A.M., 1862 sorias e Misereres das tres Ofiicias da
;

ALMENEADER
Quaita, '

Quiuta e Sexta-feii-a da Semana Gesellschaf t. Eockstro, Handel, 37 Reiss- ;
Sauta.
Vasconcellos. mann, Handel, 17 Schcelcher, Handel, 12.;
ALMENEADER, KAKL, boru at Eons- ALONZO ET COEA. See Cura.

dorf, near Diisseldorf, Oct. 3, 178G, died at ALOVISI (Aloysius), GIOVANNI BAT-
Nassau, Sept. 14, 1843. Virtuoso ou the TISTA, born in Italy, second half of the
bassoon, self taught on his instrument, and 16th century, died (?). Church composer,
jjupil of Beriihard Klein in theory became Minorite friar, and musical director at Bo-
;
instructor of the bassoon at the music logna. AVorks Motecta festorum totius
:
school in Cologne in 1810, bassoonist in anni, for four voices (Milan, 1587) Con- ;
the theatre orchestra at Frankfort in 1812, textus musicus, motets for two, three, and
bandmaster of a regiment in 1815, and four voices (Venice, 162C) Cojlum har- ;
of another in ISIG at Mainz, where he set- monicum, masses for four voices (ib., 1628) ;
tled, abandoning the military career. In Celestum Parnassum, motets, litanies, and
1820 he established at Cologne a factory canticles for two, three, and four voices ;
for wind instruments, but gave it up in Vellus aureum, litanies of the Virgin, for
1822, and joined the Nassau court orches- from four to eight voices ; Corona stel-
ti'a at Biebrich. He made improvements larum, motets for four voices (Venice,
in his instrument, and wrote a treatise on 1037). Fetis SchiUing. ;
it (Mainz, Schott,' 1824), also a complete ALQTJEN, (PETEE COENELIUS)

method for the bassoon (ib.). Works JOHANN D', boru at Arnsberg, West-
:
Concerto for bassoon (Mainz, Schott) Pot- l^halia, in 1795, died at Millheim-on-the-
;
jjourri for bassoon and orchestra, op. 3 Ehine, Nov. 27, 1863. Pupil in Berlin of
(ib.) ; Variations for do., with violin, viola, Klein and Zelter, settled as a physician at
and violoncello, op. 4 (ib.) Introduction; Miilheim, and composed many songs, which
and variations for bassoon and quartet, op. became extremely popular, and rank among
6 (Darmstadt, Alinsky) Duettinos for two
; the best of their kind. His younger
bassoons, op. 10, etc. In MS. 3 concertos : brother Franz, a ijiauist, was a pupil of
for bassoon ; Fantasia for oboe, clarinet, Ferdinand Eies, with whom he travelled
basset-horn, bassoon, and two horns. extensively. In 1827 he settled at Brussels
Fetis ; Supplement, i. 12; Mendel; to teach music, but the revolution of 1830
do.,
Schilling. induced him to go to London, where he
ALillEA, German opera in three acta, pubhshed several concertos, sonatas, and
text by Feustking, music by Handel, rep- other pieces for the ^jianoforte. Fetis;
resented at Hamburg, Jan. 8, 1705. The Mendel Schilling, Supplement.
;
fuU title is Der in Krohnen erlangte

: ALS DU IN KiJHNEM SANGE. See
Gliicks-Wechsel oder, Almira, KOuigin Tannhdi(f;c7:
;
von Castilien (The Vicissitudes of Eoyalty ALSDOEF, WILHELM, born at KO-

;
or, Almira, Queen of Castile). The libretto nigsberg about 1804, still living, 1888.
is a translation of an Italian opera, with a Dramatic comjioser and director of music
similar title, music by Boniventi, given in at Eostock, where he produced his roman-
Venice in 1691. It was Handel's first dra- tic opera, Die Wiedertiiufer, oder Johann
matic work, and so aroused the jealousy von Leyden, in 1839. Fetis.
of Keiser that he wrote music to the same ALSLEBEN, JULIUS, bom in Berlin,
subject, Hamburg, 1706. Handel's work March 24, 1832, still living, 1888. Pianist,
was revived in 1878, with changes by J. N. jjupil of Leuchtenberg and of Emil Zech on
Fuchs, on the two hundredth anniversary the pianoforte, and of Dehn in composi-
of the Hamburg Theatre. The score was tion. Having acquired great reputation as
piiuted in 1873 by the German Handel- a pianist, he began to teach, conducted sev-

ALT
eral singing societies in 1856-58, and be- ALTEMPS, DOM FAUSTINO, ItaUan
came president church composer of the 17th centurj'. He
of the Berlin Tonkiiustler
Verein in 1865. He is contributor to vari- was the son of Serafino Altemps, a musician
ous musical papers, edited for several years of Irish origin, who was chorister in the
the Harmonic, and published twelve lectures Church of the Twelve Apostles and he be- ;
on the history of music. In 1872 he re- came a Benedictine monk in the Convent of
ceived the title of professor. Works Ee- St. Calixtus, Eome. Works Motets As-
: :
quiem for six- and eight-part choruses a sumpta est, for soprano, bass, and organ ;
cappeUa Liturgy Overtures Marches for Paradisi portte, for bass and organ Alle-
; ; ;
I
;
orchestra Sacred arias Songs and piano- luia

; ; Beatus vir, for 4 voices and organ ; ;
forte pieces, op. 1-21 (Mainz, Berlin, Ham- Quasi Cedms, for 2 soprani, bass, and or-
burg). Mendel; Eiemanu. gan ; Veni ad liberandum, for do. FOtis.
ALT, PHILLPP SAMUEL, born at Wei- ALTENBUEG, JOHANTy" EENEST, born
mar, Jan. 16, 1689, died there in 1750. at Weisseufels, Prussian Saxony, 1734, died
Composer of church and chamber music, at Bitterfeld in 1796. Virtuoso on the
pupil of Dresen and Strattuer in singing, of trumpet, son and pupil of Johann Caspar
Heintze and Walther on the pianoforte, and Altenburg, who was chamber-trumpeter to
of the latter also in composition. After the Duke of Weissenfels, and an artist of
studying lav? at Jena, he became organist at great reputation. The son served as field
St. James's Church in Weimar, where, at trumjjeter during the Seven Years' War, and
the same time, he was attornej' to the court. then became organist at Bitterfeld. He
His compositions, still in MS., are preserved composed works for two, four, six, and
in the grand-ducal library at Weimar. eight tnimpets, and WTote a most valuable
Mendel ; Schilling. historical and Versuch
theoretical treatise :
ALTAVILLA, FEANCESCO, born in einer Anleitung zur heroisch-musikalischen

Italy, contemporary. Dramatic composer, Trompeter- imd Paukeukunst (Halle, Hen-
pupil of the Royal College of Music, Naples. del, 1795), the second part of which con-
Works : II preventivo d'arresta, opera buflfa, tains a trumpets and
concerto for seven
given at Naples, Teatro Nuovo, 1843 ; Lo kettle-drums. Fetis
Mendel Schilling.; ;
sposalizio di un 1816; I pirati

principe, ib., ALTENBUEG, IVHCH-IEL, born at Alach,
di Barratiera, ib., Teatro del Fondo, 18-16 near Erfurt, May 27, 1584, died at Erfurt,
;
Pace figlia di amore, ib., about 184.7 I liti- Feb. 12, 1640. ; He studied theology at
ganti, II debitore, ib., about 1818 Eaoul Halle about 1601, and from 1608 was pastor
;
di Crequi, Turin, about 1848. P'etis.

in different towns until 1637, when he was
ALTDEUTSCHEE SCHLACHTGE- appointed to the same office at St. Andrew's,
SANG (Old German Battle Song), for male Erfurt. He did much towards the improve-
chorus unisono, with orchestra, by Julius ment of church music, and the choirs in his
Eietz, op. 12. The unusual form and entire jjarishes were considered models. Works :
conception of this work is proof of the com- Das 53ste Kapitel des Jesaias, mit acht
poser's talent and artistic judgment. Begin- Stimmen compouirt (Erfurt, 1608) Hoch- ;
ning in the minor mode, the unison chorus zeit-Motetten von sieben Stimmen (ib.,
assumes wider propoi'tions later on, hj 1513) Musikalischer Sehirm und Schild
divis- ;
der Biirger, etc., oder der 55ste Psalm mit

ion in parts, and ends in a brilliant major,
extolling the immortal fame of those slain sechs Stimmen (ib., 1618) Kirch- und Haus- ;
in battle. The harmony is simple and dig- gesilnge mit fiinf, sechs und acht Stimmen
nified, the orchestration powerful and im- (ib., 11)20-21) Intraden mit sechs Stimmen ;
pressive. Allgem. raus. Zeitg., xlv. 678; (ib., Cantiones de aventu Domini
1620) ;
xlvii. 61. Nostri Jesu, quinque, sex et octo vocibus

: ;; ;
ALTfiS
compositse (ib., 1621) ; Musikalische "Weih- chorus and orchestra, 1838 ; Symphony in
naclits uiid neu Jahrs Zierde, etc., zu vier- G minor Concert overtui-e in D minor
;
neune Stimmen (ib., 1621) Musikalische Festival

;
overture in E, 1844 Six songs for ;
_^ soprano and pianoforte, op. 1

^^ (Berlin, Bote & Bock) do. ;
for contralto and pianoforte,

op. 2 (ib.) ; Four character-
istic pieces for pianoforte.
op. 3 (Leipsic, Hofmeister)
Festgesiinge mit fiinf-viehrzehn Stimmen do. for mezzo-soprano and do., op. 4 (Berlin,
(ib.,1653). Ft'tis Mendel; Sclnlling. ;

Stern) Two songs for bass and do., op. 5
;
ALTES, JOSEPH HENRI, born at Rou- Wiistling). Fetis; Allgem. mus.

(Leipsic,
Virtu- Zeitg., xl. 607 xlvi. 56, 256.
en, Jan. 18, 1826, still living, 1888.
;
AMAD^l, LADISLAW, Baron VON, born

oso on the ilute, pupil at the Paris Conser-
won the second prize in at Kaschau, Hungary, died at Felbar, ib.,
vatoire of Tulou ;
1841, and the first in 18-12. He entered the Dec. 22, 1764. A favourite national poet
composer, whose melodies were sung
orchestra of the Opera, and in 1868 became and
professor at the Conservatoire. Works thi-oughout his native country and handed
etc., for flute and or- down by tradition,
until collected and pub-
Fantaisies, variations,
chestra or pianoforte (Paris, Eichault). lished in Pesth by Count Thaddiius Amade
in 1836. The latter (born at Presburg,
Fetis ; Mendel.
ALTNTKOL, JOHANN CHRISTOPH, Jan. 10, 1783, died in Vienna, May 17, 1845),
still living in Church music com-

17.58. was an excellent pianist and successful
poser, pupil and, from 1719, son-in-law of
composer, and is to be credited with the
Johanu Sebastian Bach became organist discovery and education of the musical
at Naumburg, Saxony, in 17-48, and enjoyed

;
genius of Franz Liszt. Mendel.

AlVIADEI, FILIPPO, born at Reggio,
the reputation of being one of the best per-
died (?). Dramatic composer,
formers of his time on the organ and the Italy, in 1683,
known only by the opera, Teodosio il Gio-
harpsichord. Works Several cantatas with :
grand orchestra Magnificat (Leipsic,

;
Breit- vane, given in Rome, 1711. He is probably
Ber- identical with the Amadei who wrote, con-
kopf & Hiirtel). In the royal library,
Halleluia for four voices and or- jointly with Orlaudini, the satirical opera,
lin, are :
chestra Nun danket alle Gott, motet for Arsace,

;
given in Hamburg, 1722. Fetis ;
five voices. Two Sanctus, for four voices

Mendel.
and organ Fugues Sonata
;
for harpsi- AMADEI, ROBERTO, born at Loreto, in
;
chord.
Futis Riemann. ;
the Marshes, Italy, Nov. 29, 1840, still liv-
ALVAREZ ACEVO, BERNARDO, born ing, 1888. Dramatic composer, pupil of
in Spain in 1787, died (?). Church com- his father and of Luigi Vecchiotti became ;
succession to his father,

poser of considerable repute in his native orcanist and, in
the Church maestro di cappella at Loreto. Works
country maestro de capilla of
;
Madrid. The manuscripts Luchino Viscouti, opera, given at Lugo,

de la Soledad,
of several of his works are in the archives 1869
Bianca de' Rossi, do., given at Bari ;
of the Escurial. Fetis. n Bacchettone, comic opera Motet for 8 ;
ALVENSLEBEN, GEBHARD
VON, parts, and many other religious composi-
about 1820, still living, tions Pianoforte and vocal music
Fetis,
born in Berlin (?)
;
Pupil of Marx became conductor of Supplement,

;
i. 13.
(?).
the musical society EuteiiDe at Leipsic AMADIGI DI GALLIA or, Oriana, Ital- ;
about 18-14. Works: Cantata for male ian opera, text by Heidegger, music by

;
AMADIS
Handel, represented at the King's Theatre, for six voices, two violins, viola, and organ ;
London, jMay 25, 1715. The story turns Laudate pueri, for eight voices Leetatus ;
on the enchantments of the sorceress, Me- sum, do. Laudate Dominum, do. Fetis
; ;
Hssa, who falls in love with the hero, Arua- Schilling.

digi, and who, when warned by a messenger (ANNA) AMALIA, Princess of Prussia,
from the other world that the hapjainess of Abbess of Quedliuburg, born in Berlin,
her rival, Oriana, has been decreed by the Nov. 9, 1723, died there, March 30, 1787.
higher powers, kills herself. Dardano, A sister of Frederick the Great, she was a
Prince of Thrace, Amadigi's rival, plays a pujDil of Kiruberger, and composed many
principal part in the earlier parts, and reap- excellent chorals, and the cantata Der Tod
pears after death as a ghost. The respective Jesu to the same text as Graun's work.
characters of Amadigi, Dardano, Melissa, Allgem. d. Biogr., i. 470 Mendel Schil- ; ;
and Oriana, were sung by Nicoliui, Signora ling.

Diana Vico, Signora Pilotti Schiavonetti, (ANNA) AMALIA, Duchess of Weimar,
and Mrs. Auastasia Robinson. Mucli of the born Oct. 24, 1739, died April 10, 1807.
music of Amadigi was transferred from a She composed the operetta, Erwin und El-
preceding opera, Silla. Published by the mire, to the text by Goethe. Allgem. d.

Hiiudel-Gesellschaft, Leipsic, 1874.- Rock- Biogr., i. 386 Mendel Schilling.
; ;
stro, Handel, 90 Schoelcher, Handel, 18.

; AMALIA (MARIE FRIEDERIKE), Prin-
AMADIS DE GAULE, lyric tragedy in cess of Saxony, born at Dresden, Aug. 10,
five acts, text by Quiuault, music by Lulli, 1794, died there, Sept. 18, 1870. Dramatic
represented in Paris, Jan. 18, 1G84, and at comjsoser, and writer of comedies under the
Versailles the following j-ear. The subject, name of Amalie Heiter. Works Operas :
one of the knightly romances of the middle II figlio perduto II marchesino La vasa
; ;
ages, is from the original by the Portuguese di sabitata Una donna Le tre einture
; ;
Vasco de Lobeira (1370), which was trans- Die Siegesfahne Der Kauonenschuss, etc.
;
lated, about 1500, into Spanish by Ordonez Stabat mater, and other church music.
de Montalvo. One of the best of Lulli's Mendel.
works, it was long a favourite both of coiu't AMANT JALOUX, L' (The Jealous Lov-
and city. Amadis, a parody vaudeville, text er), comedy in three acts, text by d'HMe,
by Romagnesi and Riccoboni fils, repre- music by Gretry, represented at Versailles,
sented at the Nouveau Theatre Italien, Dec. Nov. 20, 1778, and in Paris, Dec. 23, 1778.
19, 1710, was almost as popular. On the Original plot one of Gretry's best works
;
same subject are Amadis des Gaules, bj' and long popular. The serenade sung by
:
Berton, in collaboration with La Borde, Florival in the second act, " Tandis que
Paris, Dec. 4, 1771 Amadis des Gaules, tout sommeiUe," is of exquisite sentiment.
;
text by Devisme and Saint-Alphonse, music Of the same title is an opera in three acts,
by Johann Christian Bach, at the Opera, music by Mengozzi, represented at the
Paris, Dec. 10, 1779 Amadis von Gallieu, Theatre des Varietes, Montansier, Feb. 2,
;
text by Gieseke after Wieland, music by G. 1796.

Stengel, Hamburg Theatre, 1798. AMANT STATUE, L' (The Statue
AiMADORI, GIUSEPPE, flourished in Lover), opera comique in one act, vaude-
Rome about the beginning of the 18th cen- ville, text bj' Desfontaines, represented at
tury, was stiU living in 1730. Church com- the Comedie Italienne, Feb. 20, 1781, put
poser and one of the best singing masters into music by Dalayi-ac, Aug. 4, 1785. A
of his time, pupil of Bernacchi. Works H lover imagines that he appears to the eyes
:
martirio di San Adriano, oratorio, given in of his mistress as an animate statue, which
riome, 1702 Ecce nunc benedicite, motet plays the flute ravishingly.
; Of the same
43
: "
:
AMANT
title ia au opera-comique in one act, text by Beauplau, imitated from a vaudeville called
Guichard, music by De Lusse, represented Le petit dragon, by Scribe and others, rep-
ill Paris, Aug. 18, 1759. resented at the Opera Comique, Paris, Nov.
AMANT, STEPHEN L', French dra- 15, 1830 Die Amazone, German opera, mu- ;
matic comjioser of the 18th century, iu the sic by Lindpaintner, Stuttgart, 1831 L' ;
second half of which he was instructor at Amazone, opera-comique in one act, text by
the Royal School of Music in Paris. He Thomas Sauvage, music by Thys, Opera
wrote five Italian operas, which were jiopu- Comique, Paris, Nov. 25, 1845.
lar, and found favour with Dr. Burney. He AMAZONES, LES; or. La fondation
also published several collections of songs, de Thebes (The Founding of Thebes), opera
with accompaniment for the harp or piano- in three acts, text by Jouy, music by Me-
forte.
Mendel Schilling.
; hul, represented at the Academie Imperiale
A]\LA.KYLLIS. See Circe. de Musique, Paris, Dec. 17, 1811. Al-
AMARYLLIS, opera-ballet, text by Dan- though not inferior to some of the more
chet, music by Campra, represented at the works by the composer, this
successful
Academic Roj'ale de Musique, Paris, Sept. work was jêrformed but nine times. Of
10, 1704. The same as the Muses, au op- the same title are the opera in two acts,
era-ballet by the same authors, given the music by Eisner, represented at Briinn,
year before, with an additional act. 1795 Le Amazzoni, Italian opera, music
;
AMAT, PAUL LEOPOLD, born at by Ottani, Turin, 1784 Le Amazzoni, by ;
Toulouse, France, in 1814, died at Nice, Pavesi, Bergamo, 1809 Die Amazonen, ;
Oct. 31, 1872. He went to Paris in 1845 ballet by Schweitzer, about 1775.
and soon made himself known bj' a num- AMAZZONE D' ABAGONA, L' (The
ber of romances, melodies, nocturnes, and Amazon of Aragon), Italian opera, music by
chansonettes in 1850 he went to Algiers Cavalli, represented in Venice, 1G52.
;
to establish a music house, but he was un- AMAZZONE CORSAEA, L' (The Ama-
successful, and returned to Paris, where, iu zon Corsair), Italian opera, music by Palla-
1856, he became director of the little The- vicini, Venice, 1687 Italian opera, music by ;
atre Beaumarchais. Besides his numerous Monari, Ducal Theatre, Milan, about 1806.
vocal compositions he wrote the operette AMBASSADRICE, L' (The Ambassa-
:
Elodie ou le forfait nocturne, given at the dress), opera-coraique in three acts, origi-
Bouflfes Parisiens, 185G, and the cantata nal plot, text by Scribe, music by Auber,
Le chant des Niyois, performed at the represented at the Opera Comique, Paris,
Vaudeville, 1860, and for which he was Dec. 21, 1836. One of Auber's most pleas-
decorated with the Legion of Honour. ing works. The role of the heroine, Hen-
Fetis,Supplement, 14. riette, long served for the debuts of pupils
A:VIAT0 (Amatus), VINCENZO, born in leaving the Conservatoire. Among its no-
Sicily, Jan. 6, 1629, died at Palermo, July ticeable parts are the aria buffa :
" Ah !
29, 1670. Church music composer que moil sort est beau " the romance
of great !
repute in his time maestro di cajjpella at " Le ciel nous a places dans des rangs
;
;
the Cathedral of Palermo. Of his composi- the duo: "Oui, c'est moi qui viens ici,
tions are known Messe e salmi di vespro e Madame I'Ambassadrice ;" and Charlotte's
:
compieta, for four and five voices (Palermo, air in the last act " Que ces murs coquets."
:
1656) Concerti sacri, for two to five voices. L'Ambassadrice was first given in New
;
He left also an opera, LTsauro (Aquila, York at Niblo's Garden, May 19, 1843, by
1664), of little merit. Mendel Schilling.
; a French company from New Orleans.
AMAZONE, L' (The Amazon), ojiera- AMBER WITCH, THE, English ro-
comique in two acts, music by Amedce de mantic opera iu four acts, original plot,
43
;
AMBIELA
text by H. F. Chorley, music by William SchiJnen," called forth much journalistic
Vinceut Wallace, first represented at Her but won the admiration of the
criticism,
Majesty's Theatre, London, Feb. 28, 1861. best German musicians. It was followed by
It was sung by Sims Reeves, Charles Sant- a series of essajs, " Culturhistorische Bilder
ley, and Mnie. Leniniens-Sherrington. aus dem Musikleben der Gegenwart " (2d
AMBIELA, ]\nCHELE, born in Aragon, ed., Matlies, Leipsic, 1865). About this
Spain, about 1665, died at Toledo, March time he was engaged hj Leuckhart to begin
23, 1733. A secular priest, he studied mu- his life's work, the " Geschichte der Musik,"
.sic in a monastery of his native province, for which he made extensive researches in
and was at first maestro de capilla in some 1860-73 in the Italian and German libra-
churches of minor importance, then, in ries. Through the liberality of the Acad-
1700-7, at the Cathedral of Saragossa, emy was enabled
of Science at Vienna he
and from 1710 at Toledo. He won pursue this important work, the four
a brill- to
iant reputation with his numerous compo- volumes of which were published in 1862
sitions, a large collection of which is pre- -78, and a fifth (posthumous) in 1882.
served in the Cathedral of Oviedo. Fetis.
In 1869 he became professor of the his-
AMBLEVILLE, CHARLES D', French torj' of music in the University of Prague.
composer of church music, flourished in Works: Overtures to Othello, and Calde-
the first half of the 17th century. He was ron's Magico Prodigioso Wanderstiicke, ;
a Jesuit in the Maison professe de Cler- Kinderstiicke, Landschaftsbilder (pianoforte

mont, Paris. Works Octonarium sacrum, pieces) Songs Stabat mater 2 masses in
: -,
; ;
etc. (Paris, Ballard, 1634) Harmonia sacra,

; B-flat and A minor. Fetis Grove
; ; Men-
1638)
etc. (ib., ; Domine, salvum fac regem del, i. 193 ; Ergiinz., 11 ; Wurzbach, i. 26.
Hymns, anthems, etc. Fetis ;
AJNIBROZ (Ambrosch), JOSEF KARL,
Mendel.
A]\IBRONN, PETER CHRISTIAN, born born at Krumau, Bohemia, May 6, 1759,
at Meiningen, Dec. 10, 1742, died about the died in Berlin, Sept. 8, 1822. Tenor singer,
end of the 18tb century. Chamber-musician pupil of Kozeluch the elder in Prague.
and pianist of the ducal orchestra in Mei- He made his debut at the theatre of Bai-
ningen one of the best virtuosi of his time. reuth in 1784, then sang in Hamburg, Han-
;
His compositions were commended as mas- over, and Vienna, and in 1791 was engaged
terpieces of invention and contrapuntal skill. for the National Theatre in Berlin, where
Mendel Schilling.
; he entered upon a brilliant career, as one of
AMBROS, AUGUST WILHELM, born the most excellent dramatic singers of his
at Mauth, Bohemia, Nov. time. Many of his songs, published in Ber-
17, 1816, died in Vienna, lin, Hamburg, and Zerbst, became favour-

June 28, 1876. He was ites. Fetis Mendel Schilling. ; ;
educated for the Aus- AMBROSE, Saint, Archbishop of Milan,

trian civil service, left born in 340, died in Milan, April 4, 397.
the University of Prague He was the first to regulate the church
in 1840 with the title of chants bj' a fixed code of laws. He author-
Doctor Juris, and en- ized the four authentic modes, since known
tered the office of the as the Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, and Mixo-
attorney-general but Lydian, but not to be confounded with the
;
he gave all his leisure to Greek modes of the same names (see Am-
the study of music, and after 1850 became bros, ii. 13, 126). He founded the Ambro-
known as a writer on that art. His " Die sian chant, which, although superseded
Granzen der Poesie und der Musik," an about the year 600 by the Gregorian in
answer to Hauslick's " Vom musikalisch Rome, and later in most parts of Europe,
"
AME
held its own in AMI DE LA MAISON, L' (The Friend
Northern Italy for several
centuries, and is Milan of the Famil}'), opcru-comicjue in three acts,
stiU cultivated in
(for difference between the two forms, see text by Marmontel, music by Gretry, first
Ambros, ii. 44-63). Of the chants attrib- represented at Fontaiuebleau, Oct. 26, 1771,
uted to him, the following are probably and at Paris, bj' the king's comedians,
authentic : J3terne rerum couditor
Dens March 14, 1772. Gretry applied in this
;
creator omniumVeui redemptor omnium work his theorj' of the intimate relationship
;
Splendor pateruiB gloriie Confers paterui between the music and the words, as is well
;
luminis O lux beata trinitas. The ritual shown in the two airs: "Je suis de voua
;
Te Deum has been ascribed to him, but is tres-mecontente," and " Rien ne plait taut

almost certainly of much later date. Ca- aux yeux des belles " also in the duet in ;
milla Perego, Kegola del canto Ambrosiauo the third act " Tout ce qu'il vous plaira
:
;
(Milan, 1622) Ambros, ii. 14 Grove, i. 59. and in the little duo: "Vous avez divine
; ;
iME EN PEINE, L' (The Soul in Tor- cela."

ment), opera in two acts, text by Saint- AmLIE OR, THE LOVE TEST, Eng- ;
Georges, music bj' Flotow, first represented lish romantic opera in three acts, text by J.
at the Opera, Paris, June 29, 1846 revived, T. Haines, music by William Michael Rooke,
;
Nov. 4, 1859. The beautiful romance, "Pen- first represented at Coveut Garden, Loudon,
dant la nuit j'ai pare ma chaumiire," has Dec. 2, 1837. This work, which was writ-
been transferred, with a change of words, to ten about 1826, met with decided success
the opera of Martha. L'ame en jjeine was and established Rooke's reputation as a
produced at the Princess's Theatre, Lon- composer. It was given in New York at
don, Oct. 16, 1848, as Leoline. An Italian the National Theatre in 1838, by the Se-
version, entitled, II boscajuolo (The For- guin combination, twelve consecutive nights,
ester), was given at the Teatro Scribe, before crowded houses.
Turin, Nov. 30, 1872. AMIS, LA MATINEE EST BELLE.
AMERBACH (Ammerbach), ELIAS NI- See Miieite de Portici.
KOLAUS, called, born in Saxony about the AMITIE AU VILLAGE, L' (Village
middle of the 16th century, in which he is Friendship), opera-comique in three acts,
reported to have been one of the greatest text by Desforges, music by Franc/ois Andre
contrapuntists. He travelled extensively to Philidor, represented at the Theatre Italien,
study under the most eminent musicians Paris, Oct. 31, 1785. ProsjJer and Vincent,
of the time
probably in the Netherlands, rural copies of Orestes and Pylades, are
where then flourished the best schools of rivals in love and for the prize of virtue of-

music and in 1570 became organist at St. fered to the villagers by the Seigneur de
Thomas's, Leipsic. His only work extant Clemencey. Prosper absents himself to
is: Orgel- und Instruments-Tabulatur (Leip- leave the field free to his friend, whose deli-
sic, 1571 ;
Nuremberg, 1583). Fetis Men- cacy prompts him to refuse the prize won
;
del Schilling.
; under such conditions. In the end, of
AMEYDEN, CHRETIEN VAN, born at course, everj'thing is satisfactorily arranged.
Oirschot, Brabant, died Nov. 20, 1605. The oj)era excited so lively an enthusiasm
Composer of the Flemish school, contem- that the audience called for the composer,
porary of Orlando Lasso. He went to an honour then almost without precedent.
Rome, was a singer in the papal chapel, and Allen, Life of Philidor, 87.
a friend of Palestrina. His madrigals are AIULETO. See Hamlet.
published in Lattre's 3d book of madrigals AMMETO. See AdmHo.
for 3 voices (Venice, 1570). Biogr. nat. de AMIMON, ANTON BLASIUS, born at
Belgique, i. 261; Mendel, Ergiluz., 11. Imst, Tyrol, Jan. 2, 1572, died in Munich,
AMNER
April 9, 161J:. Church composer, one of quiem. He wrote also two masses, besides
the most famous contrapuntists of bis time. smaller chui'ch compositions, cantatas, and
He was for several years Hof-Kajsellmeister two operettas, of which one, Der Sultan
at Munich. Works Sacrse cautiones, for Wampum, was performed with little success
:
and six voices (Munich, 1540) in 1791. Allgem. mus. Zeitg., xxvii. 366
four, five, ;
;
Kurze Motetteu von vier, fiinf und sechs Fetis Schilling. ;
Stimmen, auf verschiedene Heiligen-Fest- AMORE CONJUGALE, L'. See Leo7iora.

tage gerichtet (ib., ISS-i) ; Liber sacratissi- AMORE TRADITORE, cantata for a
marum, for five voices (Vienna, Creuzer, bass voice, with pianoforte accompaniment,
1582) Missse quatuor (ib., 1588)
;
Sacrse by Johann Sebastian Bach.
;
Published by
cantiones (Munich, Berg, 1590) Patroci- the Bach-Gesellschaft, 1861.
;
uium musices, Missa; (ib., 1591) Missse AMORITA. See PfingMen in Florenz.
;
quatuor, for four, five, and six voices (ib., AMOUR SACRE DE LA PATRIE. See
1593).Allgem. 404 Fetis.
d. Biogr., Muetle de Portici.
i. ;
AjMNER, JOHN, born towards the end of AINIOUR, VIENS FINIR. See Domino
the 16th century, died in 1641. Organist noir.
and choirmaster at Ely Cathedral, where AMOUROUX, CHARLES, French com-
he succeeded George Barcroft in 1610. poser, contemporary. Organist of the ca-
Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1613. Works Sacred thedral at Bordeaux. He played the music
:
Hymns of three, four, five, and six parts, for of his opera. La Eeine d'Ellore, or Reine
voices and vyols (1615) ; Anthems, etc. et bergure, at a private concert in Bordeaux
AMON, JOHANN ANDREAS, born at in 1865, and brought out II a ete perduun
Bamberg in 1763, died at Wallerstein, Ba- Roi, opera comique, at the Gj-mnase, Paris,
varia, March 29, 1825. He was first in- in 1867. He received honourable mention
structed singing by the court singer from the Saint Cecilia Society of Bordeaux
in
Madame Fracasini, and on several instru- for his Atteude, Domine, a choral for solos,
ments by Concertmeister Biiuerle then be- chorus, and orchestra, given at the Bor-
;
came the pupil famous horn virtuoso deaux Cathedral in 1873.

of the Fetis, Supple-
Giovanni Puuto, and was taken by him to ment, i. 14.
Paris, where he studied composition under AMPHION ANGLICUS. See Bloto,
Sacchini in 1781-82. He travelled for sev- John.
eral years with Punto, accompanying, and AaffHITRYON, opera in three acts,
leading the orchestra in his concerts in text by Sedaine, music by Gretry, repre-
;
1789 he became musical director at Heil- sented at the Academic Royale de Musique,
bronn, where also he taught the violin and Paris, July 15, 1788, without success. Am-
pianoforte, and in 1817 was made Kapell- phitryon, comedy by Dryden, music (over-
meister to the Prince of Oettingen-Waller- ture, act^tunes, and songs) by Henry Pur-
stein. Of his compositions, about fift^'-two, cell, London, 1690 ; Anfitrione, Italian
consisting of symphonies, concertos, sona- opera, music by Gasparini, Rome, 1707 ;
tas, duets, trios, quartets, quintets, inarches, Amphitryfie, Portuguese opera, by Jose da
and songs, were published by Simrock in Silva, Lisbon, 1736 Amphitryon, Swedish
;
Bonn, Schott in Mainz, Andre at Ofifenbaeh, opera, by J. M. Kraus, Stockholm, 1792 ;
Hug at Zurich, Bachmann at Hanover, opera-comique in one act, scene laid in

Gombart at Augsburg, Bossier at Speyer, Spain, text by Nuitter and Beaumont, mu-
Falter in Munich, Pleyel and Janet in Paris, sic by Lacome, Theatre Taitbout, Paris,
Castaud at Lyons among those left in
; April 5, 1875.
manuscript are twenty-seven instrumental AMTMANN, PROSPER, born in Aus-
works, German songs, and a German Re- tria, early part of the nineteenth centuij.
46
;
ANACKER
Flutist ; appeared successfully in concerts in represented Anakreou in lonien (Anacreon
;
Vienna, 183G, and Munich, 1839. Works : iu Ionia), music by Ebell, Breslau, 1810
Grand duo concertant for two flutes, op. 1 Anacreon chez Polycrate (Anacreon at the
(Vienna, Diabelli) ; Marclie nationale lion- house of Polycrates), text by J. H. Grey,
groise for flute and pianoforte, op. 2 music by Gretry, Paris, Jan. 17, 1797, Anac-(ib.,
Haslinger) ; Samo (Anacreon in Samos), music

Air varie for do., op. 3 (ib., reonte in
Mechetti) 3 grand duos for flutes (Milan, by Mercadante, San Carlo, Naples, 1820
; ;
Ricordi) 2 allemaudes for flute and piano- Anacreonte tiranno, music by Sartorio, Ven-
;
forte, op. 8 (Vienna, Diabelli) ; Introduction ice, 1678.

and variations for do., op. 9 (ib., Hasling- ANCESSY, JOSEPH JACQUES AU-
er) ; Exercises in all kej's, for flute, op. 10 GUSTIN, born iu Paris, April 25, 1800,
(ib.). Fetis. died there, Jan. 2, 1871. Dramatic com-
ANACKER, AUGUST FERDINAND, poser, chef d'orchestre at the Odeon, and
born at Freiberg, Saxony, Oct. 17, 1790, afterwards at the Theatre Fran9ais. Works
died there, Aug. 21, 1854. Dramatic com- Operettas : Estelle et Nemorin, Jean et
poser, self taught in his native city and in Jeanne, Un troc, given at the Theatre des
Leipsic, where he frequented the university. Folies Nouvelles, 1855-59 ; Sis sonatas for
In 1822 he became cantor and musical di- violin (Paris, Meissonnier). Fetis, Supple-
rector at Freibei-g, where he soon created ment, i. 15.
a musical atmosphere, organizing regu- ANCOT, JEAN, the elder, born at
lar performances of church music, and in Bruges, Oct. 22, 1779, died there, July 12,
1828 a singing academy, which from 1830 1848. Church music and instrumental
gave annual subscription concerts with composer, pupil in Paris of Kreutzer and
carefully selected programmes. Works : Baillot on the violin, and of Catel in har-
Der Bergraannsgruss, cantata (Leipsic, Hof- mony ; returned to Bruges in 1804 and
meister) Lebens Blume und Lebens Un- taught the violin and pianoforte. Works
; :
bestand, (Dresden, Paul)

do. Markgraf 4 concertos for violin with orchestra
; 3 ;
Friedrich oder Bergmannstreue, musical quartets for two violins, viola, and bass 2 ;
drama, giveu in Dresden, 1836 Overture masses for three voices, with organ Ecce
; ;
to Gotz vou Berlichingeu Pianoforte panis for four voices and orchestra 2 O
; ;
pieces Duets Sacred and secular songs. salutaris for three voices, with organ obli-
; ;

; gate 6 Tantum ergo for three and four
; ;
ANACREON or, L'Amour fugitif, op- voices and organ obligate 4 Ave Marias
; ;
era-ballet iu two acts, text by Mendouze, for four voices Divertissements, overtures, ;
music by Cherubiui, represented at the fantaisies, marches, etc., for fifteen instru-
Opera, Paris, is now ments.
Oct. Biogr. uat. de Belgique,
5, 1803. It270 i. ;
known only by and by a Fetis; Mendel.

its flue overture,
charming aii-, " Jeunes filles, aux yeux ANCOT, JEAN, the younger, born at
doux," which is still sung. Other works Bruges, July 6, 1799, died at Boulogne,
with a similar title are Anacreon, ballet June 5, 1829. :Instrumental and vocal
h^roique in one act, text by Geutil-Bernard, composer, son of the preceding, who in-
music by Rameau, represented at the Aca- structed him on the violin and pianoforte,
demie Royale de Musique, Paris, May 31, then pupil, at the Paris Conservatoire, of
1757 music by Raymont, theatre of Beau- Pradher on the pianoforte, and of Berton
;
jolais, about 1765 Anakreon, music by in composition. He went, in 1823, to Lon-

;
Hoszisky, theatre of Rheinsberg, about don, became professor at the Athenseum,

1791 Anacreon, text by Gentil-Bernard, and pianist to the Duchess of Kent, but
;
music by Beaulieu, written about 1819, not returned in 1823, and, after concert tours
47
; ;;
anda>;te
in Belgium, settled at Boulogne. Works Falter) Processional hymn for do. (Augs-
;
Concerto for violin (Pai'is, Jouve) do. for burg, Bohm) Lauda Sion, for three voices
; ;
pianoforte (ib., Leduc) 3 Sonatas for do., and organ (ib.) Pange lingua, for do. (ib.)
; ;
op. 4, 10, 18 Several fautaisies for do., Canticle for Advent, for two voices, two vio-
;
with orchestra La tempete, fantaisie for lins, and organ (Munich, Falter) Nativity,
; ;
do. (London) L'Ouragan, do. (Paris, Na- for two voices and organ (ib.) Canticles for
; ;
derman) Nocturne for pianoforte and vio- other festivals, etc. (ib.) Missa brevis, for
; ;
lin, op. 8 (ib., Petit) 2 aubades for do., soprano, contralto, bass, two violins, double-
;
op. 32, 35 (ib., Dufant et Dubois) Grand bass, and organ (ib.). Fetis do.. Supple-
; ;
Sonata for do., op. 14 (ib.. Petit) 8 fan- ment, i. 15. ;
taisies for pianoforte for four hands (Paris ANDERS, HEINRICH, born in Germany
and London) ; 5 concertos for violin, with between 1660 and 1670, died at Amsterdam
orchestra ; 12 fugues for organ ; Amelia, ou between 1720 and 1730. Organist, settled
le depart pour la guerre, scena with orches- at Amsterdam about 1696. Works Trios, :
tra ;Marie Stuart, do. La resolution inu- .Allemandes, Sarabandes, Gigues, etc. (Am-
;
tile, do. La philosophie d'Anacreon, do. sterdam, 1G96)

;
Apollo en Daphne (ib., ;
;
6 overtures for grand orchestra Grande 1697) Min en Wijnstrijdt, herderspel met
; ;
piece de concert Several collections of muzick (ib., 1719)

; Symphonipe introduc- ;
romances (Paris and London). His brother toriffi triuin et quatuor instrumentornm,
Louis (born at Bruges, June 3, 1803, died consisting of twenty-four sonatas.
there in September, 1836), after having trav- ANDERTON, THOMAS, born at Bir-
elled as a pianist in France, Italj', the Neth- mingham, England,
erlands, and England, settled at Boulogne April 15, 1836, still
to teach his instrument, then lived for some living, 1888. Ama-
years at Tours, and finally in his native city. teur composer edi- ;
He composed music for pianoforte, over- tor of the Midland

tures, and concertos with grand orchestra, Counties Herald, Bir-
and romances and nocturnes for one and mingham. Works :

two voices. Biogr. nat. de Belgique, i. 271 Song of Deborah and
Fetis ; Mendel. Barak, cantata, 1871
ANDANTE FAVORI IN F, for piano- John Gilpin, do.
forte, by Beethoven, composed in 1804. Three Jovial Huntsmen, do., 1881 Wreck ;
It was intended originally for the slow of the Hesperus, do 1882 Norman Baron, , ;
movement of the sonata in C, op. 53, but do 1884 Yuletide, do., 1885 Gentle Ger- , ; ;
afterwards discarded and published sepa- trude, operetta, Liverpool, 1881 Chiltern ;
rately, without opus number, in 1806. Hundreds, do., ib., 1882 Artoxominous ye ;
AN DAS VATERLAND, symphony No. Great, do. Symphony for orchestra Quar- ; ;
1, for full orchestra, by Raff, op. 96, com- tet for strings, in F (1884) Overtui-es, and ;
jjosed 1863. an oratorio Songs, and part-songs Piano- ; ;
AN DEM STRANDE DER GARONNE. forte music.

See Oberon. AN DIE FERNE GELIEBTE, lie-
ANDERL, JOHANN (?), and pianoforte,

born in Bavaria derkreis, for one voice
about 1787, died at Jamuitz, Moravia, Aug. text by Jeitteles, music by Beethoven, op.
19, 1865. Church composer, lived for some 98, dedicated to Prince Lobkowitz com- ;
time at Augsburg. Works Asperges, for posed in Vienna, April, 1816. The first
:
four voices and organ (.\ugsburg, B<'ihm) cycle of songs ever set to music, and to ;
Christ on the Mount of Olives, three songs tiiis day unsurpassed. Each of the six
for two sof)ranos, bass, and organ (Munich, poems has its own melody, expressing the
48
;
ANDRfi
fundamental mood, and thus every song Operas : Der alte Freier, given in Berlin,
forms an independent whole. No. 1 in E- DObbelin Theatre, 1775 Die Bezauberten, ;
llat, 5 verses No. 2 in G, 3 verses No. 3

; ; ib., 1777 Der Alchymist, ib., 1778 Das
; ;
in A-flat, 5 verses Nos. 4 and 5 in do., 3

; tartarische Gesetz, ib., 1779 Das wiithende ;
verses each No. 6 in C, leading back into

; Heer, Kurze Thorheit ist die beste, ib.,
E-flat. Every song is strikingly character- 1780 Herzog Michel, Der Fiirst im hOch-
;
istic in key, melody, and rliythm. (Vienna, sten Glanze, Die Schadenfreude, Das Auto-
Stein er.) Marx (Berlin, 1875), ii. 159. mat, ib., about 1780 Eins wird doch helfen,;
ANDRE, JOHANN, born at Offenbach, ib., 1782 Der Barbier von Bagdad, ib.,
;
Hesse, March 28, 1741, died there, June 18, 1783 Peter imd Hannchen Laura Rosetti
; ;
1799. Dramatic composer. His father, a Claudina von Villa Bella Die Friedens- ;
eilk manufacturer, intended him for the feier Prolog der Grazien Azakia. Other
; ;
same business, but his love of music was too works Harlekin Friseur, pantomime Mu-
: ;
strong. He received lessons on the violin sic to Macbeth, King Lear, and some Ger-
from a friend studying at Frankfort, and man plays Three sonatas for pianoforte,
;
mastered the harjisichord without a teaclier. violin, and violoncello, op. 1 (Offenbach,
He soon began comj)osing, writing at first 1786) Songs with accompaniment of flute,
;
only fugitive pieces, but on visiting Frank- or violin, viola, and bass, 3 parts (ib., 1793)
fort in 1760 he heard operas, and tliis gave Lenore (by Biirger), romance for piano-
a new impulse to his taste. After the pro- forte (ib., 5 editions) Die Weiber von ;
duction of his first comic opera, Der Top- Weinsberg, for pianoforte (ib., 1802) Ari- ;
fer, Goethe confided to him his operetta, ettas, duets, and many songs, of which
Erwiu und Elmire, which was given in 1764 " Bekriinzt mit Laub den lieben vollen
with great success, and afterwards in Berlin Becher," is still jjopular. Allgem. d. Biogr.,
twentj'-two times in 1782. In 1774 he es- i. 434 ; Allgem. mus. Zeitg., xvi. 869 ; Petis
tablished at Offenbacli a printing office for Gerber, Hist. Lex. ; Mendel ; Schilling ;
music, and in 1777 became musical director Schneider, Berliner Oper, 207.
of the Dcjbbelin Theatre in Berlin, where ANDRfi, JOHANN ANTON, born at Of-
two of his operas had been given with suc- fenbach, Oct. 6,
cess in 1775 while there, he formed a
; 1775, died there,
friendship with and was much influenced April 8, 1842. Dra-
by Marjjurg, and composed many dramatic matic composer,
pieces. Unable to carry out a plan for violinist, and pia-
transferring his printing office to Berlin, he nist ; son of, and
returned to Offenbach in 1784, with the title first instructed in
of Kapellmeister, conferred on him by the Berlin by, Johann
Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt, and to Andre, pupil in
the end of his active life devoted himself to singing of the ten-
comjiosition, and his publications from this
; or, Marschhiiuser,
press issued twelve hundred works before then on the violin, at Offenbach, of Ferdi-
his death. Of his operas, one, with libretto nand Mannheim of Franz
Friinzl, 1787, at
by Bretzner, Belmonte und Constanze, oder and in composition of Voll-
Friinzl, 1789,
die Entfiirhruug aus dem Serail, given in weiler, 1792. Having frequented the Uni-
Berlin, May 26, 1781, became especially con- versitj' of Jena in 1796, he made two ex-
spicuous from Mozart's setting of the same tended musical tours through Germany in
with his own music, with alterations in the 1798-99, and on his father's death suc-
text by Stephanie, July 12, 1782, which led to ceeded to the publishing business at Offen-
a quarrel between the two librettists. Works bach, which he raised to a very flourishing
; ;
ANDRE
couditiou, especially through his alliance of Aloj's Schmitt. Works 3 polonaises for :
with Sennefelder, inventor of lithography, four hands for pianoforte, op. 7 (Offenbach,
and through the acquisition of Mozart's Andre) Sonatiue for do., op. 17 (ib.) Me- ; ;
musical which he had secured langes pour piano, op. 13, 18 (ib.) Valses
bequest, ;
from the composer's widow in Vienna. He brillantes (ib.) Nocturnes and Rondos (ib.) ;
published (1805 and 1828) a thematic cat- 12 jjieces for the organ, op. 9 (ib.) Twelve ;
alogue of Mozart's works, made from the do., op. 26 (ib.) Method for the organ (ib.) ;
master's own careful records (from Feb. 9, Songs with jjianoforte (ib.). Fetis Men- ;
1784, to Nov. 15, 1791), and another the- del.

matic list (1841) of the composer's manu- ANDREASFEST, DAS, romantic opera
scripts,which had come into his possession. in three acts, text Fels, music by Roderich
In 1800 he visited England. He cultivated by Karl Grammann, represented in Dres-
every branch of composition, and as earlj- den, Nov. 30, 1882. It was warmly re-
as 1801 his works numbered seventy-five ; ceived.
they are now all foi-gotten, for, though skil- ANDREOZZI, GAETANO, born in Na-
ful in structure and pleasing, they lacked ples in 1763, died in Paris in December,
original invention, and were conventional, 1826. Dramatic composer, pupil of the
in the manner of the feebler imitators of Conservatorio, Naples, under his kinsman
Mozart. Much esteemed as a teacher, he Jommelli he composed his first opera when
;
also wrote a harmony* and

treatise on only sixteen. He was maestro of the roj'al
counterpoint, Lehrbuch der Tonsetzkunst, chapel at Naples, and travelled a great
planned to comprise six volumes, of which deal in Italy, where he brought out a num-
only two were finished (1832-35 and 1838- ber of operas. His reputation extended
43), forming, however, a comj)lete whole, to Russia, and he was invited to St. Peters-
and an important part of the theoretical burg in 1784, returned to Italy in 1786,
literature of nmsic. His violin-method : and again visited the most important cit-
Anleitung zum Violinsjjielen, holds an hon- ies; in 1790 he became conductor of the
ourable place among its kind. Works Die : orchestra at the opera in Naples, but in
Weiber von Weiusberg, opera (1792) Ei- ; the year following was in the same capac-
naldo und Alcina, do., given at Dresden, ity in Madrid. Not long after his return,
1799 Der Friede Tuiscons, cantata (Oft'en-
; via Paris, to Italy, he ceased to write for
bach, 1797) 3 sonatas for pianoforte, with
; the stage, and devoted himself to teach-
violin obligato, op. 2 (1790) Symphonies, ing, counting among his pupils the royal
;
op. 4, 5, 6, 7 (1795) Concerto for oboe, op. princesses, notably the Duchesse de Berri,
;
8 (1796); Concerto for flute, op. 3 (1793); who afterwards befriended him in Paris,
do., op. Sonata for four hands, whither, much reduced in fortune, be had
10 (179G) ;
op. 12 (1800) ; His aria, "Ah, quest'

Spriehwi'irter (proverbs) for rej)aired in 1825.
four voices and pianoforte, op. 32 (1807) anima non speri," is still celebrated in Italy.
besides many other specimens of church and Works Operas La morte di Cesare, given :
chamber music, and collections of songs. in Rome, Teatro Argentina, 1779 Bajazette, ;
Allgem. d. Biogr., mus. Florence, Teatro Ducale, 1780 Olimpiade,

i. 435, Allgem. ;
Zeitg., ix. 799; xxxviii. 18; Futis Gerber, Leghorn, 1780 Agesilao, Venice, Teatro S.
; ;
N. Lex.; Mendel N. Necrol. der D. (1842), Benedetto, 1781 Teodolinda, Turin, 1781
; ;
284; Schilling. Catone in Utica, Milan, 1782 II trionfo ;
ANDRfc, (PETER FEIEDRICH) JU- d'Arsace, Rome, 1782 La vergine del sole, ;
LIUS, born at Frankfort, June 4, 1808, Genoa, 1783 Angelica e Medoro, Venice, ;
died there, April 17, 1880. Organist and 1783; Dido, Giasone e Medea, both in St.
pianist, son of Johann Anton Andre, pupil Petersburg, 1784; Virginia, Rome, Teatro
50
: ;;
ANDREVl
Ai-geutiua, 1787 Sofrouia e Olindo, Sesos- Oreste.
;
Andromacca, Italian opera, text
tri,Naples, Teati-o Sau Carlo, ITS!) 11 fiuto by Zeno, music by Caldara, Vienna, 1724
;
;
cieco, La principessa filosofa, ib., Teatio music by Bioni, Breslau, 1729

by Fran- ;
Nuovo, 1790 Gustavo, iv di Svezia, Ma- cesco Feo, Rome, 1730 by Davide Perez,
;
;
drid, 1791 Giovauua d' Arco, Yeuice, 1793 Vienna, 1752 by Sacchini, Florence, 1763
;
; ;
;
Ai-sinoe, Naples, Teatro Sau Carlo, 1795 by Tozzi, Brunswick, 1765 by Bertoni, ;
Armida e Rinaldo, ib., 1802 ; Piramo e Venice, 1772 by Nasolini, London, 1700 by
; ;
Tisbe, II trioufo d' Alessaudro, ib., 1803. 1798 by Puccita, Lisbon,

Paisiello, Naples, ;
Other works : Six quartets for 2 violins, about 1806 by Rainiondi, Palermo, about
;
viola, and violoncello (Florence, 1786) 1815 by Pavesi, Milan, 1822 by EUerton,
; ;
Saule, oratorio, given at Naples, 1790 La Prussia, about 1830. ;
passione di Gesti Cristo, do ib., 1792. daughter

, ANDROMEDA, of Cepheus,
Fotis ; Mendel ; Schilling. King of Ethioiîa, who was delivered by
ANDREVI, FRANCISCO, born at Sana- Perseus from the sea-monster, for whom
buya (Catalonia), Spain, Nov. 16, 1786, died her father had been forced to chain her to
at Barcelona, Nov. 23, 1853. He was a a rock beside the sea, has been the subject
priest and maestro de many operas Andromeda, Italian opera,
capilla successively of :
at the cathedrals of Segorbe, Barcelona, music by Girolamo Giacobbi, rejiresented

Valencia, Seville, and finally of the royal at Bologna, 1610, and revived in 1628 ;
chapel. During the Carlist War he took Italian by Benedetto Ferrari,
opera, text
refuge at Bordeaux, where he found em- music by Frauce.sco Manelli da Tivoli, given
ployment, lived in Paris in 1845-49, and at the Teatro di San Cassiano, Venice, 1637,
after his return to Spain became maestro de the first ojêra ever represented in public
capilla at the Church of Our Lady at Bar- in that city music by Leo, Teatro di San
;
celona. His most iiujwrtant works are Carlo, Naples,

1742 by Paisiello, Milan, ;
The Last Judgment, oratorio Requiem for ; about 1770; by Ignazio Fiorillo, Ca.sse],
Ferdinand VH. Stabat mater. Fctis do.,
; ; 1771 by Reichardt, Italian opera in three
;
Supplement, i. 15 Riemaun. ; acts, Berlin, 178S by Persicchini, Warsaw,

;
ANDRIES, JEAN, born at Ghent, April about 1782 by Trento, two acts, Rome,
;
25, 1798, died there, Jan. 21, 1872. Viohu- about 1792, and Naples, 1805 Naumann, ;
ist and became professor

violoncellist, at ojjera seria, Dresden, 1792 German op- ;
the Conservatoire, Ghent, in 1835, and its era, by Baumgarten, 1776 Polish opera, by ;
director in 1851. His comj)ositious remain Eisner, Warsaw, 1807 Andromeda e Per- ;
unpublished. As a writer he is known by : seo (Andromeda and Perseus), by Michael

Apergu historique de tons les instruments Haydn, Salzburg, about 1780 by Mare- ;
de musique (Ghent) and Precis de I'his- ; scalchi, Rome, 1784 .\ndromeda und Per- ;
toire de la musique depuis les temjDs les seus, German ojsera, by Jean Wolfgang
plus recules (ib., Busscher, 1862). Futis, Franck, Hamburg, 1679 Singspiel, by ;
Supplement, i. 16 ; Mendel, Ergiinz., 12 ; Zimmermann, Vienna, 1781. See Perseus.

Viotta. ANELLI, ANGELO, Italian dramatic
ANDROMAQUE, French lyric tragedy composer of the 18th century. He is
in three acts, text by Pitra, music by Grc-
known by the ojjere buffe I due sup- :
try, represented at the Academic Royale

de posti conti, given at Verona, 1786 ; La
Musique, Paris, June 6, 1780. Tliis opera,
which was given twenty-five times, was
statua matematica, Bologna, 1788. Fetis ;
Schilling.
written in thirty days. Mile Levasseur, ANERIO, FELICE, born in Rome about
and afterwards Mile Laguerre, filled the 1560 (Ambros,
1551), died (?). He studied
role of Andromaque, and Larivee that of under
Giovanni Maria Nanini, and was
61
;
ANERIO
appointed by Clement VIII. Palestrina's suc- at first maestro di cappella to Sigismund
cessor as composer to the Pontifical Choir, lU. of Poland, and afterwards at the cathe-
in which he was in- dral at Verona, whence he was called to the
stalled, April 3, 1594. post of music teacher to the Seminario
As a composer, Anerio Romano, Rome, and became later maestro
is among the best of di cai^pelln at the Church of la Madonna de'
the " great " Roman Monti, in 1600 finally, he was appointed
;
period, and a worthy to a similar position at the Lateran Basilica,

successor to Palestri- where he remained until 1613, after which
na. His great Adora- all traces of him have been lost. Although
mus te, Christe, has many of his works are in the pure a cap-
been long wrongly at- pella style, Francesco Anerio belongs strict-
tributed to Palestriua, ly to a later period than his brother. Some
and it is very possible that the famous of his works, notably his six-voice Conver-
Stabat Mater for three choruses, in the sione di S. Paolo, have obligato instrumen-
is by him, and not by tal parts, and in his madrigals the harmony
Altsemps collection,
Palestrina, as Baini asserts. Published and modulations belong no longer to the
works Three books of sacred madrigals for Gregorian modal system, but distinctly to
:
4 voices, Eome, Gardane, 1585 Two books modern tonality. He was one of the first
;
of sacred concertos for 4 voices, Rome, Co- Italians who used the eighth-note and six-
attino, 1593 ;First book of Hymns, Canti- teenth-note in writing. Published works :
cles, and Motets for 8 voices (dedicated to n libro primo de' motetti a una, due e tre
Clement VIH.), Venice, Vincenti, 1596 voci, Rome, Robletti, 1609 II libro secondo
; ;
Second book of Hymns and Motets for 5, de' motetti, con le letanie e le quattro an-
6, and 8 voices, Rome, Zanetti, 1602 First tifone maggiori dojDo il vespero, a sette e
;
book of Madrigals for 6 voices, Venice, otto voci, Rome, 1611 II libro terzo con le ;
Amadino, 1590, Antwerp, 1599 Second letanie a quattro voci, Rome, 1613 II libro
; ;
book of do., Rome, Zanetti, 1602 Respon- quarto, etc., ib., 1617
; II libro quinto, ;
sorj per la settimana santa, a tre e quattro etc., ib., 1618 Sacri conceutus quatuor,
;
voci, Rome, Zanetti, 1603 Canzouette a tre, quinque, sex vocibus, una cum basso ad
;
quattro voci, Madrigali spirituali a tre, quat- organum, ib., 1619 Selva armonica dove ;
tro voci, ib., 1603. Some Cauzoni a quattro si conteugon motetti, madrigali, canzonette,
voci were published at Frankfort-on-the- dialoghi, arie a una, doi [sic], tre e quattro
Main in 1610. Other works are in the three voci con basso per organo, ib., 1617
collections of motets and psalms ijublished Ghirlanda di sacre rose, motetti a cinque
by Fabio Constantini in Eome, 1615, and voci, Rome, Soldi, 1613 Diporti musicali, ;
Naples, 1616 and 1617, and in the Sonnetti madrigali a una, due, tre, quattro voci,
nuovi of Fabio Petrozzi, Rome, 1609. A Rome, 1617 Autifone e sacri concerti per
;
number of unjjublished works are in MS. in una, due, tre voci, Rome, Robletti, 1613 ;
the archives of Sta. Maria in Vallicella, the Libro di responsorj per il Natale, a tre,
Vatican Basilica, the library of the Pontifical quattro, otto voci, ib., 1619; Libro delle
Choir, the archives of the Chiesa Nuova, the letanie, Eome, Marsotti, 1626 Messa de' ;
CoUegio Germanico, and the library of the morti, Rome, 1620 Libro de' salmi a tre, ;

Abbate Santini. Ambros, iv. 73 Grove, i. quattro voci, Rome, Robletti, 1620 II libro
; ;
G7. primo de' madrigali a cinque voci, Venice,

ANERIO, (GIOVANNI) FRANCESCO, Gai-dane, 1605 II libro delle gagliarde inta- ;
born in Rome about 1567, died ('?). A volate ])er sonare nel cembalo e liuto, Venice.
younger brother of Felice Anerio. He was Vincenti, 1607 II libro secondo de' madri- ;
AXFOSSI
gali a ciuqiie, sei voci, ed una a otto voci, brilliant success there in 1773 with his In-
ib., 1608 ; La recreazione armouica, iiia- cognita perseguitata, and thenceforth was
drigali a una, due voci, Venice, Gardaue, Piccinni's rival. But as early as 1776 he ex-
1611 ; Teatro armonico spirituale di lua- j)erienced the fickleness of the public, and
drigali a ciuque, sei, sette e otto voci, left Rome in disgust, to write for the prin-
coinposti dal rev. D. Francesco Anerio ro- cipal theatres of Italy. In 1780 he went to
mano, e imprimere da Oraz. GriflS,
fatti Paris,where several of his operas, translated,
cant, jjont. in Eoma, per Giovanni Battista had been successfullj' given in 1778 and
Robletti, in 1619 (this work contains, 1779, but left a year after for London, called
among other things, the Conversione di S. there as conductor of the Itahan opera. In
Paolo, and II figluol jsrodigo) ; Dialogo pas- 1783 he brought out operas in Berlin and
torale a tre voci con 1' intavolatura di cem- Prague, returned in 1784 to Italy, and in
balo e del liuto in ranie, Rome, Verovio, 1787 to Rome, where he won new tri-
1600. Some motets of Francesco Anerio umphs, but, tired of the stage, applied for
are contained in the Coustantini coUectiou, the position of maestro di cappella at S.
referred to in the jireceding article, and a Giovanni in Laterano, which he obtained iu
sonnet, " Destati Apollo," in the Petrozzi 1791. His reputation was equal to that of
collection. Some one-voice motets are in the greatest masters of his time, his comic
Giovanni Domenico Puliaschi's Gemma operas especially being considered models
musicale, Rome, 1618. Anerio's arrange- in style and in technical structure. He in-
ment of Palestrina's "
Messa di Pajsa Mar- troduced into the opera the elaborate finale,
cello " for four voices
was first published in which, in his Avaro, and in Isabella e Ro-
Rome in 1600. Several editions of a col- drigo, were of such mastery as to serve even
lection containing this arrangement, to- Mozart as examples. His instrumentation
cether with two other masses bv Pales- was rich and varied. Works Operas:
triua and one bv Anerio were published in Cajo Mario, given at Venice, 1769 La cle- ;
Rome in 1626, 1639, 1689. Ambros, iv. menza di Tito, Rome, 1769 I visiouari, ib., ;
74 ; Grove, i. 67. Teatro delle Damme, 1771 II barone di ;
ANFOSSI, PASQITALE, born at Naples Rocea, ib., 1772 L' incognita perseguitata,
;
about 1736, died Demofooute, ib., 1773 Autigono, Venice, ;
in Rome in Feb- 1773 Lucio Silla, ib., 1774 La finta giar-

; ;
ruary, 1797. Dra- diniera, Rome, Teatro delle Damme, 1774 ;
matic composer, H geloso in cimento, La contadina in

pupil of the Con- Corte, L' avaro, ib., 1775 ; Isabella e Ro-
servatorio d e 11 a drigo, o la costanza iu amore, La pescatriee
Pieta, Naples, fedele, Olimpiade, ib., 1776 ; Lo sposo dis-
where he first perato, ib., 1778 ; II curioso indiscreto,
studied the violin, Cleopatra, Milan, 1778 ; II inatrimouio per
but soon aban- inganno, Paris, Theatre de I'Academie Roy-
doned it for com- ale, 1779 La forza delle donne, Milan,
;
position, iu which burlati, London, 1781

1780 ; I I vecchi ;
he became a favourite ^jujîl of Piccinni, who viaggiatori felici, Armida, ib., 1782 Gli ;
procured him au engagement in 1771 at the amauti canuti, Dresden, 1784 II trioufo ;
Teatro delle Damme, Rome. Having failed d' Ariana, Prague, 1784 II cavaliere per ;
with his first opera, 1769, in Venice, where amore, Berlin, 1784 Chi cerca trova, opera ;
he had become maestro di cappella at the buffa, Florence, 1784 La vedova scaltra, ;
Conservatorio del Ospedaletto, and with his Castel-Nuovo, 1785 Didone abbandonata, ;
next effort in Rome, he finally obtained a Naples, 1785 L' imbroglio delle tre spose, ;
ANGE
Padua, 1786 La jjazzia de' gelosi, Fabiano H. Graun, Berlin, 1749 music by Andre-
; ;
and Home, 1787 Creso, La villauella di ozzi, Venice, 1783

; music by Vaunacci, ;
spirito, Rome, 1787 Artaserse, La maga Italy, about 1790 music by Niccolini,
; ;
Circe, ib., 1788 L' orfanella americana, Milan, 1811

; Angclique et Medor, French ;
Venice, 1788 Le gelosie fortunate, Bel- opera-bouffe in one act, test by Sauvage,
;
luuo, 1788 La gazzetta, ossia il baggiano music by Ambroise Thomas, Opera Co-
;
deluso, Rome, 1789 Zeuobia in Palmira, mique, Paris, May 10, 1848 (published by
;
Florence, 1790 Issipile, ib., 1791 E zo- Escudier).

; ;
tico iucivilito, Dresden, 1792 L' Americana ANGELONI, Italian dramatic com- ; ,
in Olanda, Matilda ritrovata, Gli artigiaui, poser, contemporary. He brought out the
ib., 1793 II j)rincipe di Lago negro.
; Other opera Osrade degli Abencerraggi, at Lucca,
works La feria del Ascensione, oratorio, 1871. Fetis, Supplement, i. 16.
:
1786 Nose saorificium, do. Assalone, do.
;
ANGER, LOUIS, born at Audreasberg, ; ;
Sant' Elena al Calvario, do. Mass for four Hanover, Sept. 5, 1813, died at Liiueburg, ;
voices and orchestra Laudate jjueri, Lau- Jan. 18, 1870. Organist and pianist, first
;
date Jerusalem, both with grand orchestra instructed on the organ and pianoforte by ;
Salve regina Kyrie and Gloria for eight an old organist in his native place, then pu-
;
voices Ut queant laxis, do.

; Lauda Sion, pil at Weimar, whither he went in 1833, of ;
do.. Dixit Dominus (2), do., Beatus vir, Hummel on the pianoforte, and of Tojifer
do. Confitebor, Beatu^vir, Laudate pueri, in composition
; settled at Leijisic in 1836 ;
psalms for five voices Several psalms and to teach music, and was called to Liineburg
;
masses for four voices and orchestra mo- in 1842 as organist of St. John's Church. ;
tets and anthems. Fetis

Mendel Schil- Works 6 melodious pieces for jiiauoforte,
; ; :
ling. 0^3. 1 (Leipsie, Hofmeister) ; Grand varia-

ANGE ADORE DONT LA CELESTE Concert overture tions for do., op. 3 (ib.) ;
IMAGE. See Damnatim de Faust. for grand orchestra (Leipsie, Whistling) 6 ;
ANGELET, CHARLES FRANCOIS, born songs, with pianoforte, op. 2 (ib.) 4 do., ;
at Ghent, Nov. 18, 1797, died there, Dec. (sp. 22 Christnacht, cantata, for soli, chorus, ;
20, 1832. Pianist, first instructed by his and orchestra ; Fugues for organ. Fetis ;
father, then pupil, at the Paris Conserva- Mendel.

toire, of Zimmermanu on the pianoforte, ANGERMEYER, JOHANN IGNAZ, born
winning the Dour-
first prize in 1822 ; of at Biliu (?), Bohemia, died in Vienna, Feb.
len in harmony and accompaniment, and 23, 1732. Virtuoso on the violin, and com-
of Fetis in composition. He settled at poser of several concertos for his instru-
Brussels to teach the pianoforte, and in ment. Mendel.
1829 was made pianist to King William. ANGIOLINI, GASPARO, born in Milan
Works : Marclio varic'e, for jsianoforte, op. in the 18th century. Composer of ballets,
1 (Paris) Eight variations, and polonaise,

; celebrated all over Italy. He went first as
op. 2 (ib.) Trio for pianoforte, violin, and
; ballet-master to Vienna, then in 1760 to St.
violoncello, op. 3 (ib., Leduc) Symjshony ; Petersburg, and after his return to Italy
for grand orchestra, oji. 5 Divertissement ; lived in Milan and Rome, overwhelmed with
pastoral for pianoforte, for four hands, op. orders to write for the stages of both cities.
8 ; Fantaisies, caprices, melanges, etc., on Mendel ; Schilling.

different airs, op. 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, ANGIOLINI, GIOVANTSfl FEDERIGO,
16, 17; etc. Fetis; Mendel. about 1760, died after 1812. born at Siena
ANGELICA E MEDORO while travelling through (Angelica and Pianist, studied
Medor), Italian opera, text by Villati, music Italy, and in 1784 went to Germany he ;
by Lampuguani, Venice, 1738 music by C. lived in Berlin in 1787-91, and after a visit ;
64

ANGLEBERT
fo St. Petersburg returned to Germany in which he was succeeded by Palestrina.
1797, settling at Brunswick, and afterwards His music, which is an advance on the
to Italy. Works Sonata for pianoforte : productions of the Flemish school of the
and flute Variations on the duet Pace,
; : time, is marked by the same religious spirit
caro mio sposo ; 6 duos for two flutes or which influenced Palestrina, with whom he
violins (London, 1788) 3 sonatas for hai-p ; shared the friendship of St. Philip Neii,
with flute ad lib. (Berlin, 1792) Sonata ; founder in 1564 of the Congregation of the
seeonda for pianoforte and flute (Berlin, Oratory. For this congregation, one of the
1794) 6 variations for harp or pianoforte
; objects of which was to render religious
(Brunswick, 1797); Arie aus dem Sonntags- services attractive to the young, to keep
kinde Ich sage es doeh immer, with vari-
: them from vain amusements, Animuccia
ations for harp or pianoforte (ib., 1797). composed the Landi, to be sung at the con-
Fetis ; Mendel ; clusion of the regular ofBce, from the dra-
Schilling.
ANGLEBERT, JEAN HENRI born matic style of which the oratorio is said to
D',
about 1G28, died in Paris, April 23, 1G91. have been developed. Hence he is some-
Organist to the Due d'Ork'aus and after- times called the Father of Oratorio. Many
wards chamber-musician to Louis XIV. of his masses, magnificats, motets, madri-
His works include a collection of original gals, and several of the Laudi, were pub-
fugues for the organ, and chaconnes, over- lished during his lifetime by Gardane,
tures, and other airs by Lulli, arranged for Dorici, and liy Baldo's successors, but the

harpsichord (Paris, 1689). Fotis do.. Sup- larger part of his compositions is probably
;
plement, i. 17 Mendel. ; in MS. Among his published works are :
ANGSTENBERGER, MCHAEL, born II prinio libro di madrigali, etc. (Rome,

at Reichstadt, Bohemia, Jan. 2, 1717, died 1595) ; Joannis Animuccite magistri capelliB
in Vienna, May 1.5 (Aug. 20 ?), 1789. He sacrosanctiB basilic; Missarum
Vatieana^
studied theology, entered the Order of the libri, etc. (Rome, 1567) primo lib. di
; II
Knights of the Cross in 1738, of which madrigali, etc. (Venice, 1567) Canticum B. ;
he was chaplain, and in 1743-68 was dean Mariie Vir., etc. (Rome, 1568) II secondo ;
at Karlsbad, and finallj' commendator at lib. delle laudi ore si contegono motetti, etc.
St. Charles's in Vienna. His compositions, (Rome, 1570) Credo Dominicalis quatuor
;
in the style of Lotti, often performed in voc. (Rome, 1567) Magnificat, ad omnes
;
his time, remain in MS. F<''tis Wurzbach, ; modes, lib. 2 (Rome, 1568); these number
i. 40. 20. Fetis Grove Mendel Scliilling.
; ; ;
ANICHINI, FRANCESCO, Italian com- ANIMUCCIA, PAOLO, born about the

poser of chamber and church music, con- beginning of the 16th century, died in Rome
temporarj-. Professor at the Royal Insti- in 1563. One of the most skilful contra-
tute of Music, Florence ; won prizes in puntists of his time ; brother of Giovanni
1862, 1863, 1865, for string quartets. He
Animuccia, but whether older or younger
also published a Requiem with grand or- is unknown. He was maestro di cappella
chestra, an Ave Maria for four voices, and of S. Giovanni in Laterano, after Rubini, in
other church music.
Fetis, Supplement, i. 1550-52. His madrigals and motets for
17. four and six voices, scattered in many old
ANIMUCCIA, GIOVANNI, born in Flor- collections, were verj^ popular. Fetis Men- ;
ence about the beginning of the 16th cen- del.

tury, died in Vocal ANJOS, DINIZ DOS, born at Lisbon in
Rome, March, 1571.
composer, Claude Goudimel. the first half of the 17th century, died in
pupil of
From 1555 until his death he was maestro the monastery of Belem, Jan. 19, 1709.
di cappella of the Vatican, a position in Chui'ch composer, entered the order of St.
55

; ;
ANKEKTS
Jerome at Belem, in 1656. Works : Re- ANNETTE ET LUBIN, comedy in one
spousorios para todas festas da primeira act, in verse, text by Marmontel, music by
classe ; Psalmos de vesperas, e Magnificat ; Laborde, represented at the private theatre
Diversas missas, Vilhancieos et Motettes. of Marechal de Richelieu, March 30, 1762.
Fetis ; Schilling ; Vascoucellos. The piece is Marmontel's tale dramatized,
ANKERTS, D". See Dankerts. with some additional scenes.
ANNA BOLENA (Anne Bolejn), Italian ANNIBALE (Hannibal), Italian opera,
opera, by Felice Eomaui, music by music by Porpora, re2:)resented in Venice,
text
Donizetti, first represented in Milan in 1731 music by Zingarelli, Turin, 1787 ; ;
1831. This work, written for Pasta and Hannibal, German opera, music by Johann
Rubini, gave the composer a European rep- Wolfgang Franck, Hamburg, 1681 Anni- ;
utation, and was long considered his mas- bale in Bitinia, Italian opera, music by J.
terpiece. It was produced in Paris, Sept. Niccolini, Padua, 1818 Annibale in Capua, ;
1, 1831, and in London the same year. In P. A. Ziani, Venice, 1661 by Salieri, Vien- ;
it, in the role of Henry "Vlli., Lablache na, 1801 by Cordelia, Naples, 1808 text ; ;
first won public attention. It was first by Romanelli, music by Farinelli, Milan,
given in New York, at the Astor Place 1810; by Ellerton, Prussia, about 1830;
Opera House, Jan. 7, 1850, with Signoriua Annibale in Italia, text by Duranti, music
Bertucca in the title role. by Paisiello, Turin, 1773 Annibale in To- ;
ANNA VON LANDSKRON, German rino, music by Lodovico Ricci, Turin, 1830
opera, text by Nehrlich, music by Abert, Annibal et Scipion, by Jules Conrardy,
represented at Stuttgart, December, 1858. Liege, 1860.
ANNfiES DE PfiLERINAGE (Years ANNIBALE, surnamed Patavinus or Pa-
of Pilgrimage), series of compositions for dovano, born at Padua in the 16th century,
pianoforte, by Franz Liszt, op. 34. Pre- died at Venice, probably in 1556. Contra-
miere annee, Suisse 1. Chapelle de Guil- puntist, became organist at S. Marco, Ven-
:
laume Tell 2. Au lac de Wallenstadt

; ice, in 1552. He was also the best lute and
;
3. Pastorale 4. Au bord d'uue soiu'ce

; harpsichord player of his epoch. Works :
5. Orage 6. Vallee d'Obei-mann

; 7. E- Liber primus motettorum quinque et sex
;
glogue 8. Le mal du pays 9. Les cloches vocum (Venice, 157G)

; ; Cantiones quatuor ;
de Geneve (nocturne). Seconde annee, voeum (ib., 1592) Madrigali a cinque voci ;
Italie 1. II sposalizio
: 2. II penseroso 3. (ib., 1583)
; 2 masses (Venice, Antonio Gar-
; ;
Cauzonetta di Salvator Rosa 4, 5, 6. Tre dane, 1566). Fetis Mendel Schilling.

; ; ;
sonetti del Petrarca 7. Apres une lecture ;ANNUNCIAglO, G.ABRIEL DA, born
de Dante. Venezia e Napoli 1. Gondo- at Ovar, Portugal, in 1681, still living at
:
liera 2. Canzone
; 3. Tarantelle. ; Lisbon in 1747. He studied music in his
ANNETTE ET LUBIN, comedy in one act, native place, and in the convent of Leii'ia,
in verse, text by Mme. Favart and the Abbe having entered the Order of St. Francis in
de Voisenou, music by Blaise, represented 1706. He occupied subsequently musical
at the Comodie Italienne, Paris, Feb. 15, jiositions in the convents of his order at
1762. The libi-etto is an adaptation of Coimbra, Oporto, and Lisbon. He left a
Rousseau's Devin du village. It was re- great number of masses, anthems, motets,
produced in 1800, with new music by IMar- etc. Fetis, Supplement, i. 17 Vasconcel- ;
tini and revised text by Lourdet de San- los.
terre. La ANSANI (Anzani), GIOVANNI, born in

suite d'Annette et Lubin,
text
by by
Favart, music Jadin, given at the Rome about the middle of the 18th cen-
Theatre Feydeau, Paris, March 10, 1791, tury, died at Naples after 1815. Dramatic
deals with the same story. composer, one of the most famous Italian
G6

ANSCHtTTZ
tenor singers. He
sang first at Copen- tions of his native city. Works Les reve- :
hagen Holland in 1774, and at nants, opera L'apotheose de Gretry, lyr-

in 1770, in ;
the Italian opera in London in 1782-84, ical drama, given at Lifege, 1820 Jephte, ;
after which he returned to Italy, and for oratorio La Fete de Sainte-Cecile, cantata ;
;
sevei'al years was famous in Florence. Af- 9 masses 3 Te Deums Overtures, and oth- ; ;
ter singing on the principal stages of Italy, er works for orchestra. Biog. nat. de Bel-
he settled at Naples as a teacher. Works gique, i. 338 Fetis do.. Supplement, i. 18. :
; ;
La vendetta di Minos, opera, given in Flor- ANSORGE, CONRAD, born at Buch-

ence, 1791 Duets for two sopranos do. wald, Silesia, Oct. 15, 1862. Pianist, pupil
; ;
for soprano and tenor, with basso con- in Leipsic of Professor Paul (1880-82), and
tinue. Fetis ; Mendel ; Schilling. at Weimar whom he
(1885) of Liszt, with
ANSCHUTZ, JOHANN ANDREAS, went to Rome during the winter of 1885-86.
born at Coblentz, Germany, jNIarch 19, From Weimar, whither he returned in the
1772, died there in 1858. pupil summer
of 1886, he undertook concert trips
Pianist,
of his grandfather, who was
court organ- to the larger cities of Germany, and in Jan-
ist and Kapelldirector to the Elector at uary, 1888, went to New York, where he
Treves. In 1808 he founded, at Coblentz, made a successful debut at Steinway Hall.
a musical society with a school for instru- Works Sonata for pianoforte, in F minor :
;
mental and vocal instruction, which was other pianoforte music.

subvened by the goverinnent. Works ANTAO DE SANTA ELIAS, born at Lis- :
Sechs deutsche Lieder (Bonn, Simrock) bon about 1690, died there in 1748. Harp- ;
other songs and airs, German, French, and ist, went at an early age to America, where
Italian (ib.) Ehapsodische Gesiinge, op. 8 he received his musical education. After
;
(Augsburg, Gombart) 3 songs (Leipsic, his return he entered the order of the Car-
;
Breitkopf uud Hilrtel) Waltzes for orches- melites at Lisbon, and became mestre de
;
tra, books 1, 2, 3, 4 (Bonn, Simrock) ;

capella. His works, consisting of masses,
Waltzes for pianoforte, books 2, 3, and 4 Te Deums, psalms, hymns, and cantatas are
(ib.) 8 allemandes fordo. (Augsburg, Gom-
; preserved in the library of his monastery.
bart) Masonic hymn for three voices and
; Mendel ; Schilling.
chorus, with two violins, viola, and violon- ANTEGNATI, COSTANZO, born at Bre-
cello (Bonn, Simrock) Tantum Ergo Ecce ; ; scia about the middle of the 16th century,
Panis Masses with orchesti-a.
; His son died there after 1619. The son of Gratiadio
Karl, born at Coblentz in 1815, died in Antegnati, the famous organ-builder, whose
New York, December, 1870 pupil of Fried- ; craft he followed ; he was organist at the
rich Schneider, took charge of his father's cathedral of his native city until 1619,
musical institute in 1844, but went to Entr- when he had a stroke of paralysis. Works :
land in 1848, and to America in 1857, Canzoni a quattro voci, four books (Venice,
where he conducted, for several years, Vineenti) Messe e niotetti a due e tre chori ;
UUmann's opera orchestra. He composed (ib., Magni) Messe e sinfonie a otto (ib.) ;
;
songs and pianoforte pieces. Fetis ; Men- Motetti e letanie a tre (ib.) ; Messe a sei e
del Schilling, Supplement.
; otto voci (ib., Gardano) ; Inni d' intavola-
ANSIAUX, JEAN HUBERT JOSEPH, tura d' organo ; L' antegnata, intavolatura di
born at Huy, Belgium, Dec. 16, 1781, died ricercate ; Salmi a otto voci (Venice, Gar-
there. Dee. 4, 1826. Dramatic composer, dano, 1592) ; Motetti a tre voci Motetti e ;
pupil of Tingry on the pianoforte, and of messe a dodici in tre chori (Venice, Vin-
Heukart in harmony went to Paris in 1808, ; eenti) Canzoni da sonare a quattro e otto
;
and after his return became the warm pa- voci (Venice, 1619) ; L' Arte organica (Bre-
tron of all musicians and artistic institu- scia, 1608). Fetis, Schilling.
57

ANTHIOME
ANTHIOME, EUGNE JEAN BAP- on the same subject music by Galuppi, ;
TISTE, boni Aug. 19, represented in Italy about 1754 music by

at Lorieut, France, ;
1836, still living, 1888. Dramatic composer, Parenti, Italy, about 1786; by Campobasso,
pupil at the Paris Conservatoire of Elwart Milan, 1789 BassiU, Venice, 1800 ; by Or- ;
in harmony, of Benoist on the organ, and landini, Bologna, 1818 Antigone, German ;
of Carafa in composition won the second opera, by J. A. Hasse, Brunswick, 1723, his
;
grand prix in 1861, and became repctiteur first opera and his only one with a German
at the Conservatoire iu 1863. Works II text by Bernasconi, Vienna, about 1745
: ; ;
faut semer pour rccolter, operette, given in by Wagenseil, Vienna, 1750 by Mortellari, ;
Paris, Theatre des Fantaisies Parisieunes, Rome, 1782 ojsera seria iu three acts, by
;
1866 Le dernier des Chippeways, do., ib., Hoszisky, Eheinsberg, about 1787 grand
; ;
Folies Bergtjres, 1876; 6 croquis d'album, opera in three acts, text by Marmontel,
suite de morceaux de piano (Paris, Grus). music by Zingarelli, Academie Royale de
Fctis, Supplement, i. 18. Musique, Paris, April 30, 1790 by Gandini, ;
ANTIGONE, tlie heroine of Sophocles's Modena, 1824 Antigona ed Emone (Anti- ;
tragedy of the same name. The daughter gone and Hsemon), ballet, music by Pierre
of CEdipus and of Jocasta, she is condemned Dutillieu, Naples, 1788.
to be shut up in a subterranean cave by the ANTIGONO (Antigonus), Italian opera in
three acts, text by Metas-
tasio, music by Johann
Adolph Hasse, first repre-
sented in Dresden, during
the carnival, 1744. Scene
in Thessalonica, a maritime
city of Macedonia. Charac-
ters represented Antigono :
Gonata, King of Macedonia;

Berenice, Princess of Egypt,
betrothed to Antigono ; Is-
tyrant Creon because she had given sepul- mene, daughter of Antigono, in love with
I
ture, contrary to his orders, to the body of Alessandro ; Alessandro, King of Epirus, in
her brother Polynices. She kills herself, love with Berenice Demetrio, son of Anti-
I
;
and her lover Hsemon, son of Creon, gono, also in love with Berenice Clearco,
kills ;
himself beside her. The original text of captain of Alessandro and friend of Deme-
Sophocles, translated by Conner, music trio. Metastasio's libretto has been set to
introduction and seven numbers by Men- music also by Gluck, Eome, 1754 by Caf- ;
delssohn, represented at the Neue Pa- faro, Naples, 1754 by Santis, Naples, 1760
first ; ;
lais, Potsdam, Oct. 28, 1841 first public by Francesco Ciampi, Venice, 1762
;
by Ga- ;
performance, Berlin Ojsera, Nov. 6, 1841 luppi, Italy, 1762

;
by Francesco Zanetti, ;
given in Paris at the Odeon, May 21, 1844, Leghorn, 1765 by Majo, Naples, 1768 by ; ;
and in London, Covent Garden, Jan. 2, 1845. 1769 by Pietro

Scliwanberg, Brunswick, ;
The Invocation to Bacchus, called the Bac- Pompeo Sales, Munich, 1769 by Piccinni, ;
chus Chorus, is the most striking part. Its Rome, 1771 by Tommaso Traetta, St. Pe-
;
success in London was not great at first, tersburg, 1772 by Sacchini, London, 1773
I
; ;
owing to the way the chorus was put upon by Giordani, London, 1773
I
by Aufossi, ;
the stage, which was satirized by "Punch" Rome, 1773 by Giuseppe Gazzaniga,
;
Na-
(Jan. 18, 1845) in a cut here reproduced, but ples, 1779 by "Paisiello, Naples, 1784 by
; ;
it finally ran forty-five nights. Italian operas Righini, Mainz, 1788 by Caruso, Rome, ;
58

ANTIOCO
1788, Venice, 179-1 by Peter von Winter,
;
died in Rome, probably in 1669. He was
Naples, 1791 by Seraochini, Florence, 1794
; ;
maestro di cappella of the episcopal church
Antigonus, by von Poissl, Munich, 1808. at Benevento, Naples, and in 1G08 of San
ANTIOCO (Antiochus I.). See Antiochus Giovanni in Laterano, Rome. Works Missa :
und Stratoiiice. a quattro voci e quattro Motetti a due, con

ANTIOCO (Antiochus v.), Italian opera, by organo (Rome, 1629) Missa breve a quat- ;
Augelo Tiirchi, represented at Milan, 1788. tro. Salmi e motetti a tre e quattro, con
Subject, Antiochus V. (Eupator), who was de- basso continue (ib., 1628) ; Liber primus
throned and put to death by Demetrius Soter. diversarum modulationum (ib., 1615) ; Mo-
ANTIOCO XL GRANDE (Antiochus the tetti a quattro chori. Fetis.
Great), Italian opera, nnisic D', born at Pa-
by Legreuzi, ANTONI, ANTONIO
represented in Venice, 1681. June 25, 1801, still living, 1888.
Subject, the lermo,
career of Antiochus III., King of Syria, who Dramatic composer, earned applause even
made warlike expeditions into India, Egypt, as a boy of twelve with a mass, composed
and Greece, and whose ambition was finally for the Feast of St. Cecilia wrote his first ;
curbed by the Romans. oj)era when eighteen, and became director

ANTIOCHUS UND STRATONICE, Ger- of the opera at Syracuse and at Malta.
man opera, music by Graupner, represented After travelling in France and England, he
at Hamburg, 1708 Antiochus et Stratoniee, settled at Venice to teach music and went
;
French opera, music by Langle, Versailles, afterwards to Trieste, whither he returned

1786. Subject, the love of Antiochus I. after a stay at Florence. In 1851 he found-
(Soter) for his stepmother Stratoniee, wife ed the Accademia Filarmonica, of which he
of Seleuous Nicator, His became director. Works Operas Uu du-
King of Syria. :
father, discovering his son's malady through ello Gli amanti burlati, given at Syracuse ;
his physician Erasistratus, resigned her to about 1820 II peregrino, Malta Armina, ;
;
him and made him King of Upper Asia. Trieste Amazilda, Florence Several can-
; ;
The operas Antioco, by Cavalli, Venice, tatas. Fugues for four hands, Canons, etc.
1658 Carpani, Bologna, 1G73 and Gaspa- Wurzb.aeh, i. 47 Mendel.
; ; ;
rini, Rome, 1705, deal with the same subject. ANTONH, PIETRO DEGLI, born at Bo-
ANTOIN, FERDINAND D', flourished logna about 1630, died there shortly after
in Germany about Dramatic 1718. Church composer and cornet player,
1780-9-1.
composer and pianist,taught became maestro di cappella of S. Giovanni
chiefly self
from the theoretical works of Marpurg, in Monte, and was one of the members of
Kirnberger, and Riepel. He was a captain the Accademia Filarmonica from its foun-
in the service of the Elector of Cologne, dation in 1666, and
principe six times be-
and during his campaigns and travels was tween 1676 and 1718. Works; Missa e
much influenced by Italian and French mu- salmi a tre voci, op. 2 (Bologna, Monti,
sic. Works : II moudo alConcerti da chiesa a due violiui,

rovescio, opera 1670) ;
buffa, given at Cologne, 1780 Das tartar- viola e contiuuo per organo Sonate, arie,
;
;
op. 4 Ri-
ische Gesetz, opera, ib., about 1783 Das oisfhe e balletti a tre stromenti, ;
;
Mildchen im Eichthal, ib., about 1790 Otto cercate a violino solo e violone o continuo,
;
der Schiitz, ib., about 1792 Der Fiirst und op. 5 (Bologna) Sei motetti a voce .sola,
;
;
seiu Volk, operetta, about 1793 Ende etc., op. 7 (ib., 1696) Tre messe per due
ib., ;
;
gut, AUes gut, do., ib., 1794 Choruses to soprani e basso con due violini, op. 8.^
;
the tragedy of Lanassa Symphonies and Fetis; Schilhng.

;
quartets.
Fetis Schilling. ;
ANTONIOTTI, GIORGIO, born in Lom-
ANTONELLI (Antinelli), ABONDIO, bardy in 1692, died at Milan in 1776. In-
born in the second half of the 16th century. strumental composer of repute in his time.
59
; ;;
ANTONY
He lived several years in Holland, vrbere he cal director at the University in 1818. He
published in 1736 his first work, consisting deserves much credit for the development
of twelve sonatas for viola di gamba after- and treatment of church music, and espe-
;
wards went to Loudon, where he resided cially of the Piotestant choral, which was
for more than twenty years, and where an promoted through his Choral-Melodienbuch
English translation of his "Arte armonica," (1817). Only a few of his compositions,
a treatise on composition, was published in among which is a successful oratoi-io, were
1761. About 1770 he returned to Milan. printed. Allgem. d. Biogr., i. 500 ; Jahn,
Fetis
; Schilling. Ges. Aufsiitze (1866), 1.
ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA. See APELL, (JOHANN) DAVID VON, born

Cleopatra. at Cassel, Feb. 23, 1754, died there in 1833.
ANTONY, FRANZ JOSEF, born at Dramatic composer, pupil of the court mu-
Miinster, Westphalia, Feb. 1, 1790, died sician Wiesel, then at Rinteln of the organist
there in 1837. Organist, son and pupil MiiUer, and after his return to Cassel of
of Josef Antony (1758-1836, organist of Rodewald and Johann Braun the younger ;
Miinster Cathedi'al) became choir director

; finally, of the court organist Kellner. He
at the cathedral in 1819, and organist, suc- began to acquire reputation in 1780, became
ceeding his father, in 1832. Works Die : a member in 1786, under the name of Ca-
Muse, cantata Wer spannet den Bogen,
; pelli, of the Accademia Filarmonica at Bo-
do. Masses, chorals, and other church
; logna, and, under the name Filleno Tin-
music ; Quartets for strings ; Sonatas for daride, of the Ai'cadi lUustri at Rome
pianoforte. He was also a learned writer and in 1791 was made an honorary mem-
on music. Fetis; Mendel;
Sup- ber of the Stockholm Academy, and in
Schilling,
plement. 1800 a knight of the Golden Spur by Pope
AMERICAN SYMPHONY, by Louis Pius Vn., to whom he had dedicated a
Maas, o-p. 15, first performed in the Music mass. At Cassel he reorganized the Phil-
Hall, Boston, Dec. 14, 1883, with great suc- harmonic Society, and became its first di-
cess. The work, whicli was suggested while rector. Works La clemenza di Tito, opera, :
travelling on the prairies, is dedicated to given at Cassel about 1786 Tancrede, do., ;
President Arthur. It is in four parts 1. ib., about 1789 L'amour peintre, comic
: ;
Morning on the Prairies 2. The Chase opera, ib., 1796 Ascanius und L'ene, dra-
;
; ;
3. An Indian Legend 4 Evening, Night, ma, ib., 1797 Das Fest der Gatten, musical
; ;
and Sunrise. prologue, ib., 1797 Euthj-me et Lyris, ;
ANVIL CHORUS. See Tromtore. Renaud dans la fon't enchantee, ballets, ib.,
AOUST, Marquis JULES D', born in 1782 Mass dedicated to Pius VIL (1800) ;
;
France about 1825, still living, 1888. Am- Laudate Dominum, psalm with full orches-
ateur dramatic composer, author of the tra Beati omnes, do.; Tantum ergo. Can-;
operettas L'amour voleur, given in Paris, tatas Anacreon La tempesta. La gelosia.

: : ;
1865 La ferme de Miramar, ib.. Theatre La scusa, with full orchestra (1786) Der
; ;

de I'Atheuee, 1874. Futis, Suisplement, i. Traum Ah no I'augusto sguardo, dedi- : !
18. cated to the Queen of Prussia Kantate zur ;
APEL, GEORG CHRISTIAN, born at Kirchweihe (1795) II trionfo della musica, ;
Triichtelborn, near Erfurt, Nov. 21, 1775, with full orchestra (1806) 3 symphonies ;
died at Kiel, Aug. 31, 1841. Contrapuntist for grand orchestra (1783) 3 quartets for ;
and organist, pupil at Erfurt of Kittel two violins, violoncello, and bass (1784)
became organist in 1796 at St. Thomas's 12 notturni for wind instruments 6 polo- ;
Church there, and in 1804 at St. Nicholas's naises for grand orchestra 6 marches for ;
in Kiel, where he was also apjjoiuted musi- the Hessian Guard Choruses with fuU ;
APELLE
orchestra ; 24 Italian scenas and airs, with APOLLON ET CORONIS (Apollo and
do. ; 6 ItaHan duets for soprano and con- Coronis), French opera-ballet, text by Fuze-
tralto, with do. ; 6 canzonets (1791) 3 do, lier, music by Jean Baptiste Rey, repre-
;
with viola and bass.

Ft'tis Gerber, N. sented at the Academic Roj-ale de Musique,
;
Lex. ; Mendel ; Schilling. Paris, May 3, 1781. The libretto deals with
APELLE E CAMPASPE and the loves of Apollo and Coronis, who became
(Apelles
Campaspe), Italian opera, music by Zinga- by him the mother of JSsculapius, and who
relli, represented at Venice, 1794 music by was finally slain by him through jealou.sy.
;
Tritto, Milan, 1796 Apelle et Campaspe,

; APOLLONI, GIOVANNI, Cavaliere, born
French opera, text by Dumoustier, music at Arezzo about 1650. Dramatic composer,
by Eler, given at the Opera, Paris, July 12, author of three operas Dori, ossia lo schi- :
1798. Subject, the love of the painter avo regio, given in Rome about 1680 ; L' Ar-
Apelles for Campaspe, the favourite concu- gia, in the theatres of Italy, about 1682 ;
bine of Alexander the Great, said by some L' Astiage, ib., about 1683. Fetis.
to have been the model of the Venus Ana- APOLLONI, GIUSEPPE, born at Vi-
dyomene. cenza, contemporary. Dramatic composer.
APOLLINI, SALV ADOBE, born in Ven- Works L' Ebi'eo, opera seria, given first
:
ice about the beginning of the 18th centur}'. probably at Venice, 1855 or 1856, then on
Dramatic and vocal composer. At first a aU the principal stages of Italy Pietro ;
barber, he studied the violin and played d' Albano, Venice, 1856 Adelchi, ib., 1857 ; ;
on it his barcaroles, which became popular II Conte di Konigsberg, Florence, Teatro
among the boatmen of Venice. He com- della Pergola, 1866 Gustavo Wasa, Trieste,
;
posed the three operas Fama dell' onore e : Teatro Communale, 1872.- Fetis, Supple-
della virtii, given at Venice, 1727 Meta- ; ment, i. 18.
morfosi amorosi, ib., 1732 ; H pastor DIE, orato-
fido, APOSTEL VON PHILIPPI,
ib., 1739. Fetis ; Schilling. unaccompanied male voices, text by rio, for
APOLLO AND DAPHNE. See Dafne. Giesebrecht, music by Karl Loewe, op. 48,
APOLLO ET HYACINTHUS, Latin com- first performed at the music festival in Jena,
ed}', music by IMozart, represented in the Aug. 13, 1835.
Aula of the University of Salzburg, May 13, APPEL, KARL, born at Dessau, March
1767. Mozart, who was then but eleven 14, 1812. Violinist, pupil of Conzertmeis-
years old, played the harpsichord at the ter Lindner on the violin, and of Friedrich
performance. The MS. of the music, which Schneider in theory and composition early ;
is written for five voices, covers one hun- entered the ducal orchestra as violinist, and
dred and sixty-two jjages. succeeded his master as Conzertmeister.

APOLLON, BERGER D'ADM^TE Among his vocal music, the quartets for
(Apollo, Shepherd of Admetus), opera in male voices are especially liked. He also
one act, music by Grenet, represented at wrote an opera. Die Rauberbraut, which
the Opera, Paris, 1759. The same episode, was performed at Dessau, 1840. Mendel.
the story of the god tending the flocks of Ad- AQUIN, D'. See Daquin.
metus at Pherse in Thessaly, on the banks ARABESKE (Arabesque), the title given
of the Amphrysus, is treated in Apollo in by Robert Schumann to a piece for the
Tessaglia (Apollo in Thessaly), music by pianoforte, op. 18, written somewhat in
Francescliini, Bologna, 1679 Apollo unter rondo form. Composed in 1839, dedicated
;
den Hirten (Apollo among the Shepherds), to Frau F. Serre published by C. A. Spina ;
German Liederspiel, music by Schweitzer, (Vienna).

Germany, 1778 do., German opera, music
; ARABI NELLE GALLIE, GLI (The
by Stegmann, Konigsberg, 1775. Arabs in Gaul), opera in four acts, libretto
61
;;
AEAJA
from the romance by D'Arliucoiirt, entitled in 1759, and settled in Bologna, where he
"Le renegat" (The Renegade), music by was made honorary member of the Accade-
Giovanni Pacini first represented at Milan mia Filarmonica, and gathered around him
;
in 1827, then at Turin, Dec. 2G, 1828, and in a circle of young artists, mostly without
Paris, at the Theatre Itaheu, with seven means, who praised him as their teacher
new numbers, Jan. 30, 1855. Pacini him- and benefactor. In 1761 he visited Russia
self superintended the representations in again, but returned to Bologna in the year
Paris, where the opera was given under following, after the assassination of Peter
the new title, L' ultiuio de' Clodovei. It HI. He is said to have been the first to
was first given in New York, at the Opera compose an opera (1755) in the Russian
House in Church Street, Jan. 20, 1834. The language. Works Berenice, given at a :
action passes in Gaul in the time of Charles chateau of the Grand Duke of Tuscany, near
Martel. Clodomir, formerly affianced to Florence, 1730 Amor regnante, Rome,
;
Ezilda, Priucesse des Cevennes, has em- 1731 Lucio Vero, Venice, Teatro di S. Gio-
;
braced the part of the Arabs, or Saracens, vanni Crisostomo, 1735 Abiatare, St. Pe- ;
and under the name of Agobar is devastat- tersburg, 1737 Semiramide, ib., 1738
;
ing his native country. Leodato, general Scipione, ib., 1739 Alessandro nell' Indie, ;
of Charles Martel, is overcome and is about ib., about 1740 Ai-sace, ib., 1741 La Rus-
; ;
to lose his life, when Ezilda comes out of a sia afiiittae riconsolata, Moscow, 1742; Bel-
monastery, where she had taken refuge, and lerofonte, St. Petersburg, about 1743 Se- ;
implores clemency for Leodato, who had leuco, ib., 1744 Cephalus and Procris, ;
previously made to her an avowal of his Russian opera, ib., 1755 La Cimotea, lyric ;
love. She recognizes iu Agobar her old drama, given (at Bologna?) about 1765 La ;
lover, the two renew their love, and the uativita di Gesti, oratorio. Fetis ; Mendel
Saracen leader orders his troops to stop the Schilling.
pillage, and to i-espect the country of his ARANAZ, PEDRO, born at Soria, Spain,
mistress. The soldiers murmur and form in the 18th century, died, at an advanced
a plot against Agobar, and, notwithstanding age, at Cuenca, about 1825. Church com-
the warning of the generous Leodato, he became maestro de capilla at the
is poser,
kUled, and EzUda, casting herself on his Cathedral of Cuenca towards the end of
dead body, makes known that he is Clo- the 18th century. His music is preserved
domir, her affianced. Pacini's best work. at Cuenca, in the Escorial, and in several
The duet in the third act, between Agobar churches of Spain. He wrote a treatise on
and Ezilda, " Va, menzogner," is its most counterpoint and composition, esteemed in
noted number. Gli Arabi nelle Gallie, his countrj'. Fetis.
opera semi-seria, music by Schoberlechuer, ARANGUREN, JOSfi, born at Bilbao,
Florence, 1815, has a different libretto, Spain, May 25, 1821, still living, 1888.
older than D'Arlincourt's romance, which Pianist, pupil of Nicolas Ledesma on the
was not published until 1822. pianoforte, of Fausto Sanz on tlie violin,
ARAJA, FRANCESCO, born at Naples then in Madrid (1844-48) of Hilarion Esla-
in 1700, died at Bologna about 1770. Dra- va in composition. He began teaching, and
matic composer, attracted attention with in 18G7 became adjiuict professor of har-
his first opera in 1730, went to St. Peters- monj' at the Conservatorio, Madrid. He
burg with a troupe of Italian singers in has composed much sacred music, piano-
1735, and became conductor of the orches- forte pieces, and songs, and published in
tra at the Italian opera there. Highly es- 1855 a method for the pianoforte, which
teemed and distinguished in many ways has had five editions, and in 1861 a treatise
for twenty-three years, he returned to Italy on harmony.
Fetis, Supplement, i. 19.
"
ARAUXO
AEAUXO FRANCISCO COR- untrue. In 1540 he was admitted into the
(Araujo),
RfiA DE, born Spain about 1581, died Pontifical Choir at Rome, and in 1555 (?)
iu
at Segovia, Jan. 13, 1663. A Dominican entered the service of the Cardinal Charles
monk, at first organist of San Salvador at of Lorraine, Duke of Guise, whom he fol-
Seville, then professor at Salamanca, and lowed to Paris. Arcadelt was one of the
finally Bishop of Segovia. A number of many Flemish composers who migrated to
his compositions, consisting of psalms, mo- Italy ; he helped to found the " great
tets,and vilhancicos, formed part of the fa- Roman school, and was one of Palestrina's
mous musical library of King John IV. of most distinguished forerunners. He united
Portugal, as did also his treatise Casos French delicacy of sentiment, Flemish mas-
:

morales de la mftsica. Fetis do.. Supple-
;
tery of musical form, and Italian culture in
ment, i. 19. quite an exceptional way, and was at once
ARBACE (Arbaces), Italian pasticcio, one of the most important and prolific com-
music by Handel, performed at Coveut Gar- posers of his day. Together with AVillaert
den, London, Jan. 5, 1734. The libretto is and Verdelot, he was one of the founders of
an adaptation of Metastasio's Artaserse, re- the madrigal. His first book of 53 madri-
named after one of the principal characters, gals (Venice, 1538) reached its sixteenth
and the music consists entirely of selections edition in 1617, and was followed by five
from the composer's own works. The score other books. If in his church compositions
is Hamburg Library. Rockstro, Life Arcadelt's style is of almost heroic grandeur,
in the
ofH, 322. and shows the most comj^lete mastery over
ARBAN, JOSEPH JEAN BAPTISTE all the intricacies of counterpoint (albeit he
LAURENT, born in Lyons, Feb. 28, 1825, seems to have despised the then popular
still Pupil of the Paris Con- " Netherlandish tricks "), in his Italian mad-
living, 1888.
servatoire then studied under Dauverne, rigals we discover perhaps the first dawn
;
and took the second prize for the trumpet of the sentimental element in music. His
in 1844, and the first in 1845. His playing French chansons, on the other hand, are
on the cornet-a-pistons, which had just come perfect little cabinet-pieces of contrapuntal
into popular favour, was considered remark- elaborateness. Notwithstanding the glori-
able. He i^layed at the Concerts Musard, ous musical epoch which followed close
and afterwards became leader at the Casino- upon his death, Arcadelt's works were long
Cadet, at the Valentino, Fraseati's, and at looked upon with the greatest veneration ;
the Opera balls after Strauss's retirement. Freseobaldi wrote an organ jsiece on a
In 1857 he was appointed professor of the theme " del Signore Arcadelt," and even
sax-horn at the Conservatoire, and in 1869 Liszt wrote a pianoforte piiece on an Ave
was made director of a class on the cornet. Maria of his. His published works are :
He has composed a great deal of music for Three books of Masses for 3, 4, 5, and 7
his insti'ument, besides Grande Mi'thode voices, Paris, Adrien Le Roy, 1557 (one
complete de cornet-a-pistons et de sax-horn book of these, for 4 and 5 voices, repub-
(Paris). Fetis, Supplement, i. Mendel, lished, 4to, in 1583)
20 ;
H prirao libro de' ;
Ergilnz., 15. madrigali a piu voci, Venice, 1538 (subse-

ARBITRE D'UNE VIE. See iMuelle de quent editions in 1539, 1540 [ib., Vincenzo
Portici. Bianchi], 1541, 1542, 1545, 1550, 1.551,
ARCADELT (Archadelt, Arcadet, Harcha- 1552, 1556, 1560, 1568, 1581, 1603, 1606,
delt, Arkadelt),JACOB, born in the Nether- 1617) II secondo libro de' madrigali, etc.,
;
lands towards the end of the 15th century, Venice, Antonio Gardane, 1539 Four other ;
died in Paris (?), 15. The story that he books of madrigals, published about the
was a pupil of Joaquin Depres is probably same period ; L'excellence des chansons
63

ARCAIS
musicales, Lyons, 1572 ib., with organ
(2d 12 litanies
ed., 7 motets
4to, Ro- ; ; ;
and mances without words, for pianoforte, etc.

1587), not a theoretical work, as Forkel
Licbtenthal have supposed, but a book of He has also composed an operetta, which
chansons Chansons franyaises
;
plusieurs was given at Lit'ge, Theatre du Gymnase,
:i
parties, Lyons, 158G. Other chansons are 1859. His brother Edouard (born at Herve,
in Le dixitme de chansons a quatre par- Dec. 8, 1834), is a pianist, and has published
ties compost'cs par phisieurs auteurs, several compositions for his instrument.
Paris, Nicolas Du Cheniin, 1552, and in Fetis, Supplement, i. 21.
some collections published by Adrien Le ARCHER, FREDERIC, born of English

Roy ; also in Adriani Wigliar, Cypriani de parentage, Oxford, England, June 16, 1838,
Rore, Archadelt et Johannis Gero, cantiones still living, 1888. Organist, pupil of his
trium vocuni, aliaque madrigalia trisona di- father. In 1847 he became a chorister at
versorum auctorum, Venice, 1565. (Title Margaret Chapel (now All Saints' Chm-ch),
and date, from Ambros, not found in Eit- London, and about five years later organist
ner's Bibliography, which, however, men- of St. Clement's, Oxford, and then of Mer-
by Scotto, Ven-
tions a collection, jiublished ton College, holding both appointments.
ice, same title in Italian.)
1566, bearing the After travelling on the Continent he was
Also an Ave Maria, London, Musical Times, appointed organist of the Panopticon,
No. 183, and an 8-voice Pater noster, Com- now the Alhambra Theatre, and in 1862
mer, "Collectio," viij. 21. Three sacred gave weekly recitals on the great organ
pieces are in the collection "Piissimse ac at the Universal Exhibition, in London.
sacratissimse lamentationes, etc.," Paris, Ad- In 1863, in association with Julius Bene-
rien Le Roy, 15
and three others in " Can-
, dict, he directed the concerts of the Vocal
ticum B. V. IMaripe quod Magnificat inscrib- Association in 1865 became organist and
;
itur octo modis, etc.," ib., 15 . Some four- choirmaster of Christ Church, Lancaster
and motets are in Forster's col-
five-voice Gate, London then of the Church of the
;
lection. Ambros,
iii. 576 Grove, i. 81. ; Jesuit Fatliers, Farm Street, until 1873,
ARCAIS, FRANCESCO, Marchese D', when he accepted a similar position at
born in Italy about 1830, still living, 1888. Alexandra Palace, which was shortly after
Dramatic composer, and musical critic of burned. In 1875, when the new Palace
the most conservative stamp, extending liis was completed, he resumed his position,
opposition to everything modern, even to and gave more than 2,000 recitals on the
Gounod's Faust. Works I due precettori, : great organ, without repeating a programme.
opera buffa, given about 1863 Sganarel- ; In 1877 he was given the entire musical di-
lo, do., Milan, Teatro Re, 1871 La guerra ; rection of Alexandra Palace, and, besides

amorosa, Florence. Fetis, Supplement, i. the organ recitals, conducted the orchestral
20. concerts and the English opera in the thea-
ARCHAMBEAU, JEAN MICHEL D', tre. In 1879 he became musical examiner
born at Herve, Belgium, March 3, 1823, in the University of Glasgow and in 1880 ;
still living, 1888. Organist, first instructed formed an English opera comj)any, which
by his father, then pupil of GofBn and of ga^ve performances in the chief cities of Eng-
Joseph Massart, and studied harmony' and land. He visited America in 1881, 23layed
counterpoint from the treatises of Cheru- in many of the principal cities, and, after a
bini, Catel, and Fi'-tis. When scarcely fif- short visit to Loudon, became organist of
teen years old, he became instructor of Plymouth Church, Brooklyn, and subse-
music at the college of his native city, and quently of the Church of the Incarnation,
ten years later organist at Petit-Rechain. New York, during which he gave a series
Works 2 masses for three men's voices, of ninety organ concerts in Chickering
:
;
ARDEMANIO
Hall. In 1885 he founded and edited The opera at St. Petersburg in the winter of
Keynote, a musical journal, and in 1887 1871-73, and at Vienna each spring after
became conductor of the Boston Oratorio 1870. Works I briganti, opera, given at
:
Society, and removed to that city, where he the Conservatorio, Milan, 1841 ; II corsaro,
still resides. Works : Havana, about 1846 La spia, do., New
Adagio maestoso for do., ;
organ Fugue in D minor, id. Grand fan- York, 1856 Overture (1840) do., and Sou-
; ; ; ;
tasia in F, id. Andantes in D, F, and A, venir de Donizetti (1842) Commemoration

; ;
id. Concert variations, id. Jlarche triom- ode, given at the Crystal Palace, June 10,
; ;
phale, id. 12 pieces, id. 2 gavottes in D 1873, and II Bacio, vocal waltz L' Ardita,
; ; ;
and E-flat, for pianoforte Polka de sa- do. He has also written violin music, con-
;
lon, id. 3 impromptus, id. King Witlaf's sisting of arrangements from operas, or
; ;
Drinking-horn Songs, part-songs, etc. He American songs. Fetis, Supplement, i. 21

; ;
is the author also of "The Organ," a theo- Mendel Yapereau, 1880. ;
retical treatise, with original exercises and ARDITI, MICHELE, Marchese, born
compositions and of " The Collegiate Or-
; at Presicca, Naples, Sept. 29, 1745, died in
gan Tutor" (London, n. d.). Naj)les, April 23, 1838. Amateur dramatic
ARDEMANIO, GIULIO CESARE, born comjjoser, pupil of Jommelli. In 1807 he
(?), died in Milan in 1650. Maestro di cap- became director-general of the Museo Re-
pella and organist of the churches S. M. ale Borbonico. "Works : Olimpiade, opera
della Scala and S. Fedele. His composi- Sacred and secular cantatas Motets Sym- ; ;
tions were held in high esteem long after phonies

Overtures ;Sonatas for piano- ;
his death. Among them are : Motetti forte Arias with orchestra or pianoforte.
;
(Milan, 1616) ; Faux-Bourdons (ib., 1618) ;

Fctis.
JIusica a pin voei con basso per I'organo ARDORE, Principe D'. See Milano.
(ib., 1628). Fctis Schilling. ; ARENA, GIUSEPPE, born in Naples (?)
ARDITI, LUIGI, born at Crescentino, at the beginning of the 18th century. Di-a-
Piedmont, July 16, matic composer, very popular in his time.
18 2 5. Dramatic Works Operas Aehille in Sciro, given in :
composer and vio- Rome, 1738 Tigrane, Venice, 1741 Ales- ; ;
linist, puj)il, in sandro in Persia, London, 1741 Farnace, ;
18.36-42, at the Rome, 1742. He left in manuscript Prin- :
Conservatorio, Mil- cipj per cembalo o organo. Fetis.

an. In 1843 he ARENS, FRANZ XAVIER, born, of Ger-
made his debut as man parentage, on the banks of the Moselle,
director of the op- Germany, Oct. 28, 1856, stiU living, 1888.
era at Vercelli, Organist, pupil on the j)ianoforte and organ
^^r'/\K:
where he was made of his father. When fifteen years old he be-
honorary member came organist and choirmaster in a small
of the Accademia Filarmonica. With Bot- town near Cleveland, Ohio after finishing ;
tesini he visited Havana in 1846, and then the normal school course at St. Francis,
Boston, Philadelphia, and New York, where near Milwaukee, where he studied the or-
he conducted the opera at the opening of gan, the violin, and harmony and singing,
the Academy of Music, Oct. 2, 18.54. In he took charge of a church choir in Mil-
1856 he visited Constantinople, and in 18.58 waukee, at the same time continuing his
settled in London as conductor at Her lessons in counterpoint with Prof. Singen-
Majesty's Theatre. He afterwards travelled berger of the St. Francis Normal School.
with an Italian company through the prin- After acting as musical director of Canisius
cipal German cities, and conducted Italian College, Buffalo, N. Y., three years, he went
65
; ;
AEETINUS
to Europe, where lie studied for two years tentiously called their enterprise the "Op-
in Munich, counterpoint, instrumentation, I
era of the Nobility." Porpora directed the
and tlie organ with Rheinberger, conduct- performance in person.
Rockstro, Handel,
ing under Abel, and in Dresden coinjjosition 189.
under Wiillner, the pianoforte and organ ARIANNA (Ariadne), Italian opera seria,
under Jannseu, and score-reading under text by Einuccini, music by Claudio Monte-
Kirchner. Upon his return to America he verde, represented in Mantua, 1607, to cele-
took the conductorshijJ of the Cleveland Ge- brate the marriage of Francesco di Gonzaga,
sang Verein and of the Cleveland Philhar- son of the Duke, with Margherita, Infanta
monic Orchestra, but resigned the latter of Savoy. The success of this work, written
position in 1887. He has also been organ- in competition with Gagliauo's Dafne, which
ist in one of the churches of that city since was produced at the same time, was unprec-
188G. Works Prelude and Fugue for or-
: edented. It is said that the audience was
gan, 1883 The Troubadour, for solo, cho-
; moved to tears during the performance of
rus, and oreliestra Salve Eegina, for mixed
; the scene in which Ariadne laments the de-
chorus, 1884 String quartet in A minor,
; jjarture of her faithless lover, the only part
produced in Dresden, 1884 Symphonic ; of the work, excepting a few passages of
Fantasia, Indianapolis, 1887 Slumber ; now presei-ved to us and that
recitative, ;
sweetlj', song Other songs, and music for

; the composer's power was similarly shown
mixed chorus. on the reproduction of the opera in Venice,
ARETINUS, PAULUS, Italian church thirty years later. The story of the deser-
composer of the 16th century. He is tion of the unfortunate daughter of Minos
known bj'the following works, preserved by Theseus and her subsequent finding and
in the royal library at ]M\inich Sacra re- marriage by Bacchus has also inspired
:
sponsoria, turn natali Domini, etc. Respon- many other musicians: Ariadne, music by
soria hebdomadse sanct?e, etc. (Venice, 1547) Niccolo Porpora, Loudon, 1733 Ai-iana, mu- ;
(ib., 1544) Libro primo delli raadrigali sic by Feo, Rome, 1728 music by Bene-
; ;
cromatici (ib., 1549). Fetis Mendel. detto Ferrari, Venice, 1640 Arianna, music
; ;
ARGENTILLY, CARLO D', born prob- by Handel, London, 1734 music by Adol- ;
ably in Picardy, France, contemjDorary of fati, Genoa, 1750 Ariane, opera in five :
Arcadelt, and, like him, singer and com- acts, text by the Abbe Perrin, music by
poser in the Pontifical Chapel, in the first Cambert, London, 1667 opera-ballet, music ;
half of the ICth century. Some of his by Batistin, Versailles, about 1717 scene ;
works, bearing the date of 1543, are pre- lyrique, music by Jean Baptiste Rochefort,
served in the library of the Vatican, and Paris, 1785 Ariadne, music by Conradi, ;
justify the high estimation in which they Hamburg, 1691 music by Keiser, Ham- ;
were held in his time. Schilling. burg, 1722 Ariana abbandonata (Ariadne ;
ARGINE, CONSTANTINO DALL', born Abandoned), music by Boniventi, Venice,

at Parma, May 12, 1842, died in Milan, 1719 Aiiana e Bacco (Ariadne and Bac-
;
March 1, 1877. Dramatic composer, au- chus), music by Tarchi, Turin, 1785 Ariane ;
thor of operas and ballets given in Italy. et Bacchus, opera in five acts, text by Saint-
ARIA DELLA CALUNNIA. See .Bar- Jean, music by Marais, Paris, March 8, 1696
hiere di Siviglia. do., music by Bouvard, represented at the
ARIADNE, Italian opera, text by Paolo Court of France, 1729 do., ballet, music ;
Rolli. music by Porpora, represented at the by J. B. Rochefort, Paris, 1793 Bacchus ;
Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre, London, Dec. und Ariadne, ballet, music by Thaddeus
29, 1733. This was one of the operas put Weigh about 1800 Nozze d' Arianna e di ;
upon the stage by Handel's rivals, who pre- Bacco (Nuptials of Ai-iadne and Bacchus),
;
ARIANNA
music by Holzbauer, Vienna, about 1780 ;
pupil of Pietro Labriola on the pianoforte
Ariiichie auf Naxos, melodrama, music by and of Vincenzo Fioravanti, Moretti, and
George Benda, Gotlia, about 1769 ojjera, ; Mercadante in harmony and counterpoint.
music by Bernhard Klein, Berlin, 1825 He made his debut at the age of sixteen by
opera in two acts, music by Mme Paradies, producing an opei'a buffii, in Neapolitan
Vienna, 1791 drama, text by Tb. Krebs,
; patois, played in a trio of his own compo-
music by Max Selfriz, Lihvensberg, 18G1 ;
sition at the Bouamici concert in 1864,
Ariane dans File de Naxos, opera in one act, became professor of harmony and com-
text by Moline, music by Edelmaun, Paris, position at r Albergo de' Poveri, and at the
1782 Ai-iane et Thesee (Ariadne and The-
; College of San Pietro a Majella, Naples.
seus), opera in five acts, text by Lagrange- His four nocturnes for two, three, and four
Chancel and Roy, music by Mouret, Paris, voices, won the second prize of the Societa
1717 Ariana e Teseo, Italian opera, music
; del Quartetto, Milan, in 1869. Works
by Niccolo Porpora, Vienna, 1714 by Caf- ; Operas Monzii Gnazio o La fidauzata del
:
faro, Najiles, 1766 by Piscbietti, Dresden,

; Perucchiere (opera bufta in Neapolitan dia-
1769 by Peter von Winter, Vienna, about
; lect), given at Naples, Teatro Nuovo, 1860 ;
1796 by Benvenuti, Pisa, 1810 Trionfo

; ; I due mariti, ib., Teatro Bellini, 1866 ; Le
d' Ariana (Triumph of Ariadne), music by rose, ib., 1868 ; II cacciatore delle Alpi, ib.,
Anfossi, Prague, about 1784 by Righini, ; 1870 ; nTeatro Rossini, 1873
cuoco, ib.,
;
Berlin, 1795. I viaggi, Milan, Teatro Castelli, 1875 La ;
ARIANNA, Italian opera, text by Francis figlia del diavolo, Naples,

Teatro Bellini,
Colman, music by Handel, first represented 1879 ; I tre coscritti,
Albergo de' Po- ib. ,
at the King's Theatre, London, Jan. 26, veri, 1880 Pensiero sinfouico, performed
;
1734 The score is dated Oct. 5, 1733. in Rome, 1871 H Cristo sulla croce, can-
;
The part of Theseus was magnificently sus- tata ; several overtures, and much vocal
tained by Giovanni Carestini, an artificial music. Fi'tis, Supplt^ment, i. 22 ; Rie-
contralto brought from Italy by Handel to mann ; Vapereau ( 1880).
take the place who had de-
of Senesino, ARIOBANT (Ital., Ariodante), lyrical
serted him company at the drama in three acts, text by Hoffmann, sub-
to join the rival
Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre. The opei-a con- ject from the " Orlando Furioso " of Ariosto,
tains some very dramatic situations, and the music by Mehul first rej)resented at the ;
minuet in the first scene was long poijular. Theatre "^Favart, Paris, Oct. 11, 1799. It
Rockstro, Handel, 189 Crysander, ii. 334.
; was the composer's favourite opera, but,
ARIANNA A NAXOS, cantata for voice though containing many dramatic beauties,
with pianoforte, by Josef Haydn, composed was not very successful. Some of its airs
in Vienna, 1790. Consisting of a recita- were long popular, especially the romance :
tive Teseo mio ben, and the aria Dove sei, " Femme sensible, entends-tu le ramage?";
: :
mio bel tesoro. This vocal seena describes the duet of Ariodant and lua, "Dissi-
the moment of the myth when Ariadne, pons ce sombre nuage " and the air of ;
awaking on the rocky shore, espies the ship Dalinda, " Calmez, calmez cette colere."
of Theseus sailing away in the distance. It Other operas on same subject Ariodante, :
is a highly dramatic scena, calling, however, Italian opera, music by Giovaiini jMaria
for an orchestral accompaniment, which Costa, Genoa, 1655 music by Pollarolo, ;
was supplied afterwards (1809) by Kapell- Venice, 1716 music by Bioni, Bi-eslau, ;
meister G. Abraham Schneider in Berlin. 1727 music by Handel, London, Jan. ; 8,

Pohl, ii. 237, 358. 1735.
ARIENZO, NICOLA D', born in Na- .\RION, lyric tragedy in five acts, text by
ples, Dec. 24, 1843. Dramatic composer, Fuzelier, music by Matho, represented at
67
;
ARIOSTI
the Academie Eoyale de Musique, Paris, i 1693 ; Dafue, Venice, 1686 (pub. 1696) ;
April 10, 1711. Subject, the story of Ai-ion 1 Erifile, 1697 La festa d' Imenei, near
ib., ;
the Greek bard. Berlin, 1700; Atys, Liitzenburg, 1700; La

AEIOSTI, ATTILIO, boru in Bologna , madre de' Maccabei, Venice, 1701 Na- ;
about 1660, died (?). bucodonosor, Vienna, 1706 La piti gloriosa ;
A Dominican monk, fatica d' Ercole, Bologna, 1706 Amor tra ;
who, under a papal Nemici, Vienna, 1708 Ciro, London, 1721 ;
dispensation, gave up 1st act of Muzio Scevola, ib., 1721 Co- ;
his ecclesiastical pro- riolano, ib., 1723 Vespasien, ib., 1721 Ar-
; ;
fession to follow that taserse, ib., 1721 Dario, ib., 1725 ; Lucio ;
of music, which art he Vero, ib., 1726 Teuzzone, ib., 1727 Vol-
; ;
had studied from ume of cantatas, and a collection of lessons

youth up. With the for the viol d' amore, ib., 1728. Grove, i.
exception of one ora- 83 Hogarth, ii. 21. ;
torio and a few cantatas, he wrote only ARIOVISTO (Ariovistus), Italian opera,
for the stage. His first opera, Dafne (text music by Ballarotti, in collaboration with
by Apostolo Zeno) was brought out with Perti and Paolo Magni, represented at the
fail-success at Venice in 1686. Besides be- ducal theatre in Milan, 1699. Subject, the
ing a composer of great merit, he was a famous German chief, whose invasion of
clever performer on the violoncello and the Gaul was checked by Caesar at Vesoutio
viol d' amore. In 1690 he was made either (Besan(;on), b.c. 58. Another, same subject,
private composer or maestro di cappella to music by Mancini, Naples, 1702.
the Electress of Brandenburg, which post AEKADELT. See Arcadelt.
he held until 1716. During this period he ARLESIENNE, L', melodrama in three
probably Berlin twice, once on a visit acts and five tableaux with entr'actes and
left
to Italy, and once to Austria. He first api choruses, text by Alphonse Daudet, music
peared in London at the performance of by Georges Bizet, represented at the Thea-
|
Handel's Amadis, in which he played a solo tre du Vaudeville, Paris, Sept. 30, 1872.
for the viol d' amore. In 1720 the directors Frederi, a young peasant of the Camarge,
of the opera engaged him, together with is in love vsdth a maiden of Aries (I'Arle-
Handel and Bononcini, to write for their sienne), said to be very beautiful, but who
theatre. The first opera given was Muzio does not ajjpear on the stage. When about
Scevola, written by all is proved to be unworthy
three composers in to marry her, she
collaboration, the first act being and he loses his reason. His mother, who
by Ariosti.
But Handel's genius finally threw his two wishes him to marry a charming young girl
rivals into the shade, and at the close of the who loves him, is coldly repelled by him,
season of 1727 Bononcini and Ariosti were and at last, in despair, gives her consent to
dismissed. In 1728 Ariosti quitted Eng- his union with the Ailcsienne but it is too ;
land, and nothing is known of his subse- late, and he commits suicide by throwing
1
quent life. Fetis's story that, previous to himself from a tower before her eyes.!
his departure, he published a volume of can- AEMES, PHILIP, born in Norwich, Eng-
tatas by subscription, may land, Aug. 15, 1836, still living, 1888. Or-
realizing 1,000,
or may not be true ; at he was mis- ganist chorister in Norwich Cathedral in
any rate, ;
erably poor at the time. He was a man of 1816-18, and in Rochester Cathedral 1818-
talent and great cleverness rather than of 51 articled pupil of Dr. John Larkin Hop- ;
genius. The list of his works, with date kins at Rochester, 1850-55 was organist of ;
of first performance and publication, is Sta. Trinity Church, Milton, Gravesend, in 1855-
:
Eadegonda, Eegina di Francia, oratorio. 57, of St. Andrew's, Wells Street, London,
68
;;
ARM IDE
in 1857-61, of Chichester Catbedraliu 1861- the minuet and the gavotte in it were long
02, and of Durham Cathedral since 1862 popular. Among the best interpreters of
Mus. Bac, Oxford, Armide was Gertrude Elizabeth Mara, one
1858 ; Mus. Doc, ib., of the most famous singers of the last cen-
1864 ; degrees also tury.^Marx, Gluck, ii. 184 Hanslick, Gluck ;
from University of u. d. Oper, 9.
Durham, 1863, 1864. ARMIDE ET RENAUD (Armida and

Works Hezekiali, :
Rinaldo), lyric tragedy in five acts, text by
oratorio, jierformed at Quinault, subject from the " Gerusalemme
Worcester Festival, Liberata '"
of Tasso, music by Jean Baptiste
1878 St. John the
;
represented at the Opera, Paris,
Lulli, first
Evangelist, do., York Feb. 15, 1680. This was Quinault's last
Festival, 1881; Com- and best libretto and Lulli's most popular ;
munion Services in score had an unprecedented success and

; it
A ; Te
do. in B-flat ;
was applauded for nearly half a centurj-.
Deum Morning and Evening Service
;
in Several of the airs, such as "La chaine de
G Antliems Chants Hvmns, etc.
; ;
I'hymen m'otonne," and the recitative, "Le
ARMIDE, gi-and heroic opera in five acts, perfide Renaud me fuit," still survive in the
te-xt by Quinault, music by Gluck, repre- classic repertory. The same subject has
been treated also by Rampini, Venice, 1711
by Graun, text from Quinault, Berlin, 1751 ;
by Traetta, Vienna, 1760 by Jomnielli, ;
Naples, 1771 in three acts, by Salieri, Vi-

;
enna, 1771 by Sacchini, Milan, 1772

;
by ;
Nauniann, Padua, 1773 by Astaritta, 1777 ; ;
by Gazzaniga, Italy, 1777 by Rauzzini, ;
London, 1778 by Winter, Munich, 1778 ; ;
by INIortellari, Milan, 1778 by Mysliweczek, ;
about 1780 by Bertoni, Venice, 1781 in

; ;
three acts, by Cherubini, Florence, 1782

by Anfossi, London, 1782 by F. J. Haydn, ;
Esterhaz, 1784 by Zingarelli, Rome, 1786 ; ;
by J. Mosca, Florence, 1799 two acts, text ;
music by Eighini, Aschaften-

by Soltellini,
by Rossini, Na-
btirg, 1788, Berlin, 1799 ;
Mara as Armide,
ples, 1817, in which he began bis sec-
sented at the Academic Royale de Musique, ond manner Armida abbandonata (Armida ;
Paris, Sept. 23, 1777. Subject from the Abandoned), Italian opera, by Giovanni Rug-
"Gerusalemme Liberata" of Tasso. Though gieri, Venice, 1710 by Buini, Florence, ;
produced at the height of the quarrel be- 1723, also as Armida delusa (Deceived),
tween the Gluckists and the Piccinnists, Venice, 1720; by Prati, Munich, 1785; Ar-
this work won an enthusiastic success. In mida al campo (in the Camp), by Boni-
it the composer continued the musical revo- venti, Venice, 1717 by Bioni, Breslau, 1720 ; ;
lution, begun in Alceste, of subordinating Armida al campo d' Egitto (in the Egyptian
the singing to the ti'uth of dramatic expres- Camp), by Vivaldi, Venice, 1718 by Giu- ;
sion. The airs, "On s'etonnerait moins que seppe Bertoni, Venice, 1781 Armida im- ;
la saison nouvelle," and " Ah ! si la liber-maginaria (Imaginary), Cimarosa, Naples,

ie me doit etre ravie," are still classic, and 1778 Armida placata (Appeased), music by
;
; ;
ARMINGAUD
Giambattista ]\Iele, Madrid, 1750 Avmida, scria in three acts, music by Tarchi, Man-
;
Eegina di Damaso (Queeu of Damascus), tua, 1786 by Bianchi, Florence, 1790 by ; ;
Oi-giani, Verona, 1711 Armide la Magi- Pavesi, Venice, 1821 Armiuius, French op-
; ;
cienue (the Magician), bj- F. Gliiser, Vieuua, era, music by Mehul, 1794 (not represented)
1828 n trioufo d' Arniida (Triumpli of Armin, German opera in four acts, text by
;
Armida), by Albinoni, Venice, 1726 Die Felix Dahn, music by Heinrich Hofmann,
;
Zauberin Armide (Armida the Enchantress), Dresden, Oct. 14, 1877, Berlin, Nov. 14,
by Gliiser, Vienna, 1828 Riualdo, by Tozzi, 1877, with the tenor Niemann in the princi-
;
Brunswick, 1775 by Guglielmi, Venice, pal role.

;
1789 music by Handel, Loudon, 1711

;
ARMINIUS, secular oratorio, text by J.
Einaldo e Armida, by Eccles, London, Clippers (English translation by Mrs. Natalia
1698 Rinald, German opera, by Hilffner, Macfarreu), music by Max Bruch, op. 43,
;
Stockholm, 1792 Rinald und Armide, by lêrformed at Ziirich, 1877 at Boston, Mass.,
; ;
Rheineck, 1779 by Zumsteeg, Stuttgart, at the sixth triennial festival of the Handel
;
1790 by von Paradies, Prague, 1797 Ri- and Haydn Society, in the Music Hall,
; ;
nald im Zauberwald (Rinaldo in the En- INIay 4, 1883, under the composer's direction.
chanted Wood), ballet, by Apell, Cassel, Solos by Miss Emily Winant, Charles R.
1782. Adams, and Georg Henschel.
ARMINGAUD, JULES, born at Ba- ARMOURER OF NANTES, THE, Eng-
yonue, May 3, 1820, still living, 1888. Vio- lish opera in three acts, text by J. V. Bridg-
linist, studied in his native city. He went man, founded on Victor Hugo's " Marie
to Paris in 1839 to perfect himself at the Tudor," music by Balfe represented at ;
Conservatoire, but was not admitted as be- Coveut Garden, London, Feb. 12, 1863.
ing too far advanced, and has since then Sung by Harrison, Sautley, Weiss, Corri,
been a member of the orchestra of the Miss Pyne, and Miss Hiles. Barrett, Balfe,
Opera. Works : Fantaisie, for violin and 247.
pianoforte, op. 8 (Paris, Brand us) ; Sere- AEMSDORFF, ANDREAS, born at
nade for do., op. 9 (ib., Meissonier) ; Grande Miihlberg, near Gotha, Sei^t. 9, 1670, died
fantaisie on Zampa, for do., op. 10 (ib.) at Erfurt, Dec. 31, 1699. Composer of ;
Vilanelle, op. 11 (ib.) Andante and Scher- church and chamber music, and organist in
;
zo, op. 13 (Paris, Richault) Fantaisie et several churches of Erfurt.

;
Only a few of
variations, for violin and orchestra, op. 14 his numerous compositions have been pub-
(ib.) Souvenir de Vasconie, for do., op. 15 lished. Fetis Mendel Schilling.
;
; ;
(ib.) etc.
;
Fetis do.. Supplement, i. 22.
; ARNAUD, fiTIENNE, born at Marseil-
ARlVnNIUS (Ital., Arminio Ger., Ar- les, March 16, 1807, died there in January,
;
min or Hermann), the German chief of the 1863. Vocal composer, pupil of Plantade
Cherusci, who defeated the legions of Varus at the Paris Conservatoire. He has pub-
in the Teutoberger forest and freed his lished more than two hundred romances,
country from the Roman yoke, is the sub- most of which obtained considerable suc-
ject of many operas. Arminio, Italian op- cess. Fetis.
era, music by Pollarolo, Pratolino, 1703, ARNE, ]\nCHAEL, Ijorn in London
Venice, 1722 by Steffaui, Hanover, 1707
; in 1741, died at South Lambeth, Jan. 14, ;
in three acts, by Scarlatti, Venice, 1714 by 1786 Dramatic composer son of Thomas ; . ;
Johann Adolph Hasse, Milan, 1731, Dres- Augustine Arne. He early showed a talent
den, 1745 by Handel, London, Jan. 12, for music, being al)le to plaj' on the harpsi-
;
1737 by Galuppi, Italy, 1747 by Gioac- chord with gi-eat correctness, wlien only ten
; ;
chino Cocchi, Rome, 1749 by Ottani, Tu- j'ears old, the lessons of Scarlatti and Han-
;
rin, 1781 ; by Tritto, Rome, 1786 ; opera del, and later exhibited great facility in the
70
ARNE
composition of songs aucl dramatic pieces. 1733. In 1736 he married Cecilia, eldest
In " The Flow'ret, a New Collection of (laughter of Charles Young, organist of All-
Euglisli Songs, by Master Arne," is a song who was
hallows, Barking, a brilliant singer
called the Highland Laddie, written at the famous in Handel's operas. In 1742 he
age of thirteen, which was adapted by Liu- went with his wife to Dublin, where he
ley in 1755 to "Ah, sure a pair were never stayed until 1741. On his return to Lou-
seen," in Sheridan's opera, The Duenna. don he was engaged as composer at Drury
After devoting several years to chemistry in Lane, and became conductor of the orches-
search for the philosopher's stone, he turned tra there after Gordon's death. In 1745 he
to composition again, and wrote for Rane- was engaged as composer to Vauxhall Gar-
lagh, Covent Garden, and Vauxhall. He dens, a post which he held for many years,
was director of music at the Dublin The- writing a host of songs for the Gardens, as
atre in 1779, and of the Lenten Orato- well as for Ranelagh and Marjdebone Gar-
rios at London theatres in 1781 and later. dens. On March 12, 1755, was produced
Works Operas Alcmena : (with Battishill), his first oratorio, Abel. On July G, 1750,
The Fay's Tale, given in London, Drury the University of Oxford conferred upon
Lane, 1761; Cymon, ib., 1767; The Fa- him the degree of Mus. Doc. In 1762
1778 The Belle's Stratagem, ib.,
thers, ib., ; he produced Artaxerxes, an opera in the
1780; The Choice of Harlequin, ib., 1781; Italian style, with recitative instead of spo-
The Positive Man, ib., 1782 Tristram ; ken dialogue, and the text of which he

Shandy, ib., 1783. Grove Hogarth, Mus. ; himself translated from Metastasio's Arla-
Drama, ii. 102. serse. The part of Mundane, famous for its
ARNE, THOMAS AUGUSTINE, born florid writing, was written for and sung by
in London, March his pupil. Miss Brent. This, which held
12 [May 2 8?] the stage for more than seventy-five years,
1710, died there, has been accounted his best work.
His
March 5, 1778. second oratorio, Judith, was represented
The son of an upon Feb. 29, 1764. At a performance of
holsterer in King this work at Covent Garden Theatre, Feb.
Street, Covent Gar- 26, 1773, Dr. Arue first introduced women's
den he was edu-

;
voices into oratorio choruses. In 1765 he
cated at Eton, and brought out his only Italian opera, a setting
then studied three of Metastasio's OJimpiadf, but without suc-
j-ears in a solici- cess. His last dramatic work was the mu-
tor's office, but his sic to Mason's Caractacus, 1776. Besides
bent for music was stronger than his love his operas, he wrote a vast amount of other
for the law, and he at last persuaded his vocal music, glees, canons, catches (seven
jjarents to let him give up the latter for the of which won prizes at the Catch Club),
former. He studied the violin under Fest- and a good deal of instrumental music.
ing, and also took lessons on the spinet and He was buried in St. Paul's, Covent Gar-
in composition. He was the singing teach- den. His wife outlived him about seven-
er of his sistei', Susanna Maria, who, after teen years. Dr. Arne has been called the
a short career as an opera-singer, became greatest English composer of the 18th
famous as an actress and the wife of Colley century. His melodic stj'le was elegant
Gibber. Arne's first opera was a resetting and brilliant he imitated neither Lulli,
;
of Addison's "Rosamond," which he made Purcell, nor Handel, as most of his contem-
for his sister, and in which she appeared at poraries did, but his melodies often suggest
the Lhicoln's Inn Fields Theatre, March 7, at once the Italian manner and the flavour
; ;
:;
AENEIKO
of Scotch songs. His failure in Italian The Agreeable Musical Choice, Summer
opera is probably attributable to this field's Amusement, Winter's Amusements, The Sy-
beiug so stroDgly occupied by Haudel and ren Vocal Melody, 1753 The Vocal Grove,
; ;
BoDoucini. His oratorios are, iu geueral, 1774 ; and nearly twenty other books of
weaker than bis operas, the choruses esj)e- songs. Glees, Catches, Canons, etc. 12 :
cially bearing no comparison with those of glees, 10 catches, 6 canons, printed iu War-
the great oratorio eomiôsers of his day ;
ren's Collections; Ode on
Shakespeare, writ-
yet he was the composer to introduce
first ten by Garrick Shakespeare Jubilee
for the
female voices into oratorio choruses in Eng- at Stratford-on-Avon, 1 769 Sonatas or les- ;
land. Much of his incidental music to sons for the harjjsichord Organ concertos ;
Shakespeare's plays has become standard, Overtiu-es for orchestra, etc. Grove ; Ho-
and the air Rule Britannia, the finale of garth, ii. 65 ; Buruey, iv. 6 ; Dwight's
his music to Thomson and Mallet's masque Journal, xiii. 205.
"Alfred," written in 1740 to commemorate ARNEIRO, (JOSfi AUGUSTO) FER-
the anniversary of the accession of the REIRA VEIGA, Vicomte D', born at Ma-
House of Hanover, Aug. world fa- cao, China, Nov. 22, 1838, still living, 1888.
14th, is
mous. Works Operas, etc. Rosamond, Dramatic composer, of a family distinguished

:
given at Drury Lane, Loudon, 1733 The in the musical cu-cles of Lisbon. He studied ;
Opera of Operas or, Tom Thumb the law at the University of Coimbra, but from
;
Great, Haymarket, ib., 1733 Dido and 1859 to 1862 studied harmony under Manoel
;
iEneas, 1734 The Fall of Phaeton, 1736

; Joaquim Botelho, counterj)oiut and fugue ;
Music to Zara, 1730 Comus, 1738 Judg- under Vicente Schira, and the pianoforte un-
; ;
ment of Paris, 1740 Alfred, 1740 Songs der Antonio Jose Soares. He began com-
; ;
iu Twelfth Night, 1741 Blind Beggar posing orchestra music, entr'actes, and other
;
of Bethnal Green, 1741 Songs in The pieces, and produced a ballet, Ginu, at the
;
Merchant of Venice, 1742 Britannia, 1743 Teatro San Carlos, Lisbon, iu 1866. He
; ;
Eliza, 1743 Thomas and Sally, 1743 wrote a great deal of church music. His
; ;
The Temple of Duhiess, 1745 King jirineipal work, a Te Deum, performed at ;
Pepin's Camjâigu, 174.5 Music to the St. Paul's, Lisbon, in 1871, was afterwards
;
Tempest, 1746 Neptune and Amphitrite, brought out iu Paris as a symphonie can-
;
1746 Don Saverio, 1749

; Dirge in Ro- tata. Works Scherzo in E-flat Polonaise
; : ;
meo and Juliet, 1750 The Prophetess, de Concert Refrains du Priutemps, a col-
; ;
1759 The Sultan, 1759; Aiiaj-er.res, 1762 lection of characteristic pieces Elisire di
; ; ;
Love iu a Village (compilation), 1762 giovinezza, opera, Lisbon, 1876, Milan, 1877. ;
Birth of Hercules (not represented), 1763 Fetis, Sujjplemeut, i. 23 Naumann (Ouse- ; ;
The Guardian Outwitted, 1764 Olimpiade ley), ii. 1265 Rieniann, Lex. ; ;
(Italian), 1765 The Ladies' Frolic, 1770

; ARNOLD, GEORG, born at Weldsberg, ;
Additions to Purcell's King Arthur, 1770 in the Tyrol, lived about the middle of the
The Fairy Prince, 1771 The Cooper, 1772 17th century. He was organist at Inns-
;
;
Choruses in Mason's Elfrida, 1772; The bruck, and later of the cathedral at Bam-
Kose, 1773 Contest of Beauty and Virtue, berg. He jiublished the following works
;
1773 ; Achilles in Petticoats, 1773 May Cantionum sacrarum de tempore, op. 1 ; ;
Day, 1775 Phoebe at Court, 1776 Music Tres Mottettos de Nomine Jesu, op. 2
; ; ;
to Mason's Caractacus, 1776 Songs in The Psalmi de Beata Maria Vergine, etc., with
;
Tender Husband, The Rehearsal, The Rival violin or viola (1652) Cautiones et Sonettse ;
Queens, and other plays. Oratorios Abel, (1659) Sacrarum cantionum, etc. (1661) : ;
1755 Jifdith, 1764.

;
Collections of songs Psalmi Vespertini Tres Missse pro defuuc- ;
under the following titles Lvric Harniouv, tis, etc. (1676) Messarum quatern. cum no-
: ;
ARNOLD
vem vocibus, i. pars. (1673) ; id., ii. pars. ARNOLD, KARL, born at Neuenkircheu
(1675). Fetia, 3 ; Schilling. near Mergentheim, Wiirtemberg, May 6,
ARNOLD, GEORGE BENJ^ykHN, born 1794, died at Christiania, Nov. 11, 1873.
at Petworth, Sussex, Pianist, sou and pupil at Frankfort of Jo-
England, Dec. 22, 1832, hann Gottfried Arnold, then pupil at Offen-
still living, 1888. Pupil bach of Philipp Karl Hoffmann and Aloys
of S. S. Wesley ; Mas. Schmitt on the pianoforte, and of Vollweiler
Doc, Oxford', 1861 ; and Anton Andre in comjjosition. After a
was organist of St. Col- concert tour through Germany and Poland,
umba's College, 1852, he settled in 1819 at St. Petersburg, where
of St. Mary's Chnrcli, he was in great demand as a teacher, but
Torquay, 1863, of Ne^v in 1824 removed to Berlin, whence he was
College, Oxford, 1860, called in 1835, as musical director, to Miins-
of Winchester Cathe- tei'. In 1817 he gave concerts at St. Pe-
dral, 18G5. Works
Ahab, oratorio, Exeter tersbui'g, and in 1849 became director of
:
Hall, Loudon, 1863 The Second Coming the Philharmonic Society, and organist at
;
of Our Lord, oratorio The Song of David, Christiania. His music is refined, and full
;
cantata Sennacherib, do., Gloucester, 1883

; of technical difiiculties. Works Sextet with ;
:
The Forty-third Psalm Communion Ser- pianoforte Sonatas for do., op. 3 and 5
; ;
vice Te Deums Anthems and Motets Con- (Offenbach, Andre)

; ; Sonata for do., with
; ;
certed vocal music Songs Pianoforte music. clarinet and bass, oj). 7 (ib.)
; ; Divertisse- ;
ARNOLD, JOHANN GOTTFRIED, born ment for do., Nos. 1 and 2, op. 12 and 13
at Niederuhall, Wiirtemberg, Feb. 1,oj). 14 1773, (Berlin, Schlesinger) ; Rondo for do.,
died at Frankfort, July 26, 1806. Violon- (ib. ) Variations on an Original Theme, op. ;
cellist, son of the schoolmaster of Niedern- 16 Vive Henri IV., rondo for pianoforte ;
hall. He showed such taste for music that and violoncello (Leipsic, Peters) Rondo- ;
his father apprenticed him from 1785 to letto. Concerto for pianoforte, with
No. 4 ;
1789 to the musical director of the town of orchestra, op. 17 (Berlin, Christiaui) Valses ;
Kiinzelsau, under whom he devoted himself favorites (ib., Grochenschuetz) Rondo for ;
to the violoncello. In 1790 he entered on pianoforte for four hands (Offenbach, An-
bis first engagement at Wertheim, where dre) Divertissements for pianoforte, op. 13,
;
his uncle Friedrich Adam Arnold was mu- 14, 16, 24 Fantaisies et variations, op. 17,
;
sical director, and took lessons of the or- 20 Canticle for four male voices (Bruns-
;
ganist Frankenstein in composition. After wick, Sptihr) Quartet for two violins, viola,
;
concert tours in Switzerland and Gei-many, and violoncello, op. 19 (Leipsic, Breitkopf &
where he played his own concertos, he Hiirtel) Thelephos, opera, given at Kuuigs- ;
studied under the violoncellist Willmanu berg about 1830 ; Irene, do., Berlin, 1832.
atRatisbon (1796), and later visited Berlin Fetis ; Mendel ; Schilling.
and Hamburg, where he studied the method ARNOLD, SAMUEL, born in Lon<lon,
and style of Bernhard Romberg. He be- Aug. 10, 1740, died there, Oct. 22. 1802.
came first violonceUist in 1798 at the Dramatic composer and pupil of the Chapel
Frankfort Theatre, and was well known as Royal under Bernard Gates and Dr. Nares.
a teacher and composer. Works Five Before he was twenty-three years old he
;
concertos for violoncello Symphonic con- was engaged as composer to the Covent
;
certante for two flutes and orchestra Airs Garden Theatre here he used, with great
; ;
with Variations, op. 9 (Bonn) Pieces for the success, concerted music to carry on the
;
guitar.
Allgem. mus. Zeitg., xii. 609 Fe- business of the stage. In 1769 he pur- ;
tis; Gerber, Hist. Lex.; Schilling. chased Maryleboue Gardens, where he

;.
AKNOLD
brought out original burlettas, performed the Wood, 1793; Auld Robin Gray, 1794;
by the best singers of the day but he ulti- Zorinski, Mountaineers, Who Pays the
;
mately lost by Reckoning, Love and Mcjney, 1795 Ban- ;
the speculation. nian Day, Shipwreck, 1796 Italian Monk, ;
In 1773 he re- 1797 False and True, Throw Physic to ;
^^;;-l '*?S #^Kk ceived the de- the Dogs, Cambro-Britons, 1798 Obi, or ;
gree of M
u s Three-tingered Jack, 1800 Review, Cor- ;
Doe. from Ox- sair, Veteran Tar, 1801 Sixty-third Letter, ;
ford University. Fairies' Revels, 1802. Oratorios Cure of :
He succeeded Saul, given in 1767 Abimelech, 1768 Res- ; ;
Dr. Nares as or- urrection Elijah, given after his death, in ;
ganist and com- 1810. Barrett, English Church Composers,

poser to the 144 Fe tis Grove Hogarth, Mus. Drama, ; ; ;
Chapel Royal in 1783 established the Glee ii. 440 Schilling.

; ;
Club, iu conjunction with Callcott, about ARNOLD, YOURIJ VON, born in St.
1786 became conductor of the Academy of Petersburg, Nov. 1, 1811, still living, 1888.
;
Ancient Music in 1789 organist of West- Dramatic composer, pujjil o'f Johaun Leo-
;
minster Abbey as successor to Dr. Cooke pold Fuehs, after having been an army offi-
in 1793 and was invited to conduct the cer (1831-38) then entered the government
; ;
annual performances at St. Paul's for the civil service. In 1859 he won the prize of-
benefit of Sons of the Clergy on the death fered by the St. Petersburg Philharmonic
of Dr. P. Hayes in 1796. Between 1765 Society for the best ballad, and subsequently
and 1802 Dr. Arnold composed oratorios, produced two opieras, and much vocal mu-
dramatic pieces, songs, glees, much sacred sic he lectured also on the historj' and ;
music, and forty-three operas after 1783 theory of music at Moscow and St. Peters-
;
published a continuation of Boyce's Cathe- burg, and made himself favourably known
dral Music (4 vols.) in 1791, with the as- as a musical critic.
; In 1863-68 he lived in
sistance of Dr. Callcott, a book entitled the latter capacity in Leipsic, and in 1870
Psalms of David and later, an Ode for the became professor of vocal music in the Mos-
;
Anniversary of the London Hospital. In cow Conservatory. Works The Gypsj', :
1786 he proposed issuing a comj)lete edi- opera Swiitlana, ballad (1859, prize) ; ;
tion of Handel's works, but only succeeded Overtui'e to Boris Godunov Oratorical ;
in bringing out 168 numbers, containing Psalm Four-part songs, and more than one ;
five out of Handel's forty-three ojDeras. hundred songs. Fetis, Supijlement, i. 24 ;
Works Operas
Maid of the Mill,
: given Mendel Riemann. ;
in London, 1765 Eosamoud, ib., 1767

; ARNOULD (Arnolt) DE BRUCK (Brucq,
Portrait, Mother Shipton, ib., 1770 Son- Bruges, Pruck, Prug), called sometimes Ar-
;
in-Law, Summer Amusement, 1779 Fire noldus, born at Bruges about 1480, died in
;
and Water, Wedding Night, Silver Tank- Vienna, Sept. 22, 1536. Vocal composer,
ard, 1780 Dead Alive, 1781 Castle of An- and one of the celebrated musicians of his
; ;
dalusia, Harlequin Teague, 1782 Gretna century. Nothing is known of his eai-ly
;
Green, 1783 Hunt the Slipper, Two to life, or of his musical education. He be-
;
One, Here, There, and Everywhere, 1784 came Kapellmeister to Ferdinand I. of Ger-
;
Turk and no Turk, Siege of Cuzzola, 1785 many, as appears from a silver medal in the
;
Iidde and Yarico, 1787 Enraged Musician, Imperial Museum at Vienna, struck in his
;
1788 Battle of Hexham, 1789 New Spain, honour in 1536. Among his works, which
; ;
Basket Maker, 1790 Surrender of Calais, consist of motets, hymns,

; etc., are several
1791 Harlequin and Faustus, Children in in MS. in the collection
; of the Royal
74
;
ARNOISTI
Library, Miinieh. Amoiif^ those published Operas L'Indienue, given at Carcassoune,
:
The motet, Fortitudo Dei, iu a collec-

are :
1788 Daphnis et Hortense, Marseilles, The-
;
tion at Nuremberg (1537) Two motets, ; atre du Pavilion, 17S9 Le pirate, Toulon, ;
Pater Noster and In civitatem Domini, in 1789 Le mari corrige, Paris, Tlu'atre Ly-
;
the second part of the same collection rique et Comique, about 1790 La peau de ;
(1538) Several motets in a collection by

; I'ours, comic opera, ib., Theatre Moliere,
Georg- Porster (Nuremberg, 1540) The ; about 1792 Le conge, ib.. Theatre Montan-
;
hymns Audi, bonigne Conditor, Jesu quad- sier, about 1793 Les Peruviens, Tours, 1798 ;
;
ragenaripe, Adcsto nunc Ecelesifc, O Crux, Les deux petits troubadours, comic opera,
Ave, in the Saerorum Hymnorum, lib. i. Paris, Theatre des Jeunes Sieves, 1800
;
(1542) Several motets iu the collection en- L'ermitage des Pyrenees, do., ib., 1805
;
;
titled Quatuor vocum musiese modul., lui- L'hotellerie de Sarzanno, do., ib.. Theatre
:
mero 2G, etc. (Antwerp, 1542). He also Montansier, 1802 ; Le desert on I'oasi.s, do..
published German lieder in the 2d iârt of New Orleans, about 1802 ; La fee Urgele,
the collection by Forster entitled Bin Aus- do., Brest, 1804 Monrose, do., Marseilles,
:
;
zug kurtzweiliger guter frischer Liedlein zu 1809 La suite du medecin turc, ; do., ib.
singen (Nuremberg, 1540) and chants for about 1810 Zipea, Perpignan,
;
about 1815. ;
schools, in the collection entitled 123 Newe Fetis. :

geistliche Gesiluge mit vier und fiintf Stim- ARRESTI (Aresti), FLORIANO, born at
men, etc. (Wittenberg, 1544). Biog. nat. de Bologna, second half of the
17th century,
Belgique, i. 4G6 Fetis Mendel, ii. 198 died before or in 1719.
; ;
Dramatic com-
;
Winterfeld, Der evang. Kirchengesang, i. poser, and organist

at Bologna Cathedral
185. pupil of Bernardo Pasquini on the organ ;
ARNONI, GUGLIELMO, born at Ber- member of the Accademia Filarmonica in

gamo iu 1546. Organist of Milan Cathe- 1G84. Works Operas Inganno si vince, :
dral about 1580. Works

Magnificat for given at Bologna, 1710 Enigma disciolta,
:
;
four, five, six, seven, and eight voices (MUan, ib., 1710
CrLsiiîjo, Ferrara, 1711 Co.s- ; ;
1595) ; H primo libro de' madrigali (Venice, tanza in Cimento colla Crudelta, Venice,
1600) ; Three books of motets (ib., 1602). 1712 ; II Trionfo di Pallade iu Arcadia, Bo-
Fetis. logna,
do., Supplement, i. 25. 1710.Fetis;
AHQUIER, JOSEPH, born Toulon, ARRESTI, GIULIO CESARE, boru at
at
1763, died at Bordeaux, October, 1816. Bologna about 1630,
died after l(i94. Or-
Dramatic composer, studied music at Mar- ganist, pupil of Ottavio
Vernizzi, whom he
seilles, and in 1784 joined the orchestra of
succeeded as organist at S. Petronio. He
the theatre at Lyons as violoncellist. Four was one of the first members of the Acca-
years after he was at Carcassonne, went in demia Filarmonica,
founded iu 1666, and
1789 to Marseilles to lead the orchestra at its principe three times,
1671, 1686, 1694.
the Tln'atre du Pavilion, and in 1790 to Paris, Works
Messa e vespro della B. V. M. a :
where he filled positions at some of the otto voci (Bologna)

Messa a tre voci con ;
smaller theatres. About 1800 he went to sinfonie (ib.) Salmi cinque a quattro voci ;
New Orleans as director of an opera troupe, (Venice, 1664) Gare musicali, salmi a cap- ;
but returned to France iu 1804, resuming pella a quattro voci.

Fetis.
his former position in Paris until 1807, then
ARRIAGA Y BALZOLA, JUAN CRT-
teaching music at Toulouse until 1809, when SOSTOMO JACOBO
ANTONIO D', born
he once more led the orchestra at the Pavil- at Bilbao, Spain, Jan.
27, 1806, died at Mar-
ion in Marseilles in 1812 he was at Perpig- seilles,
;
February, 1825. Violinist, at first
nan, again at Toulouse, and finally retired self-taught composed a charming Spanish ;
to Bordeaux in great poverty. Works- opera before he knew the rules of harmony.
76
";
ARRIETA
At the age of he went to the Con- nino, 1864-65
tliii-teen cadenas pei-pt'-tua El ; A ;
servatoire, Paris, to study the violiuunder coujuro (with Lojsez de Ayala), ib., 1866 ;
Baillot, and harmony and counterpohit un- Un sarao y una soiree, ib., 1866 Quien ;
der Fetis. His progress, Ft'tis says, was manda, manda Llamada y tropa Azon ; ;
marvellous, three months having been suf- Visconti Cadenas de oro Dos coronas ; ;
;
ficient for him to master harmony, and at El cautivo en Argel El cajjifan negrero ; ;
the end of two years there was no difficulty El agente de matrimonios El caudillo de ;
in fugue or counterpoint which he could not Baza El planeta Venus El toque de ani- ; ;
overcome. About this time he wrote a fugue mas La insula Barataria La carceria real ; ;
for eight voices to the words of the Credo, La suegra del Diablo, ib., 1867 La taber- ;
Et vitam venturi, which was prouoiuiced a nera de Londres Los Circasianos Un ; ;
chef-d'oeuvre by Cherubini. In 1824 he trouo y un desengafio El motin contra ;
was chosen director of a class in counter- Esquilache. Cantata for the inauguration
point at the Conservatoire. He died young, of the Teatro de la Zarzuela, 1856 Cantata ;
but left a number of compositions, among to Rossini, 1864. Fetis, Supjslemeut, i. 25;
others, a work of three quartets for the Mendel, Ergiinz., 16.
violin (Paris, 18"24) ; An overture, a sym- ARRIGO TEDESCO. See Isaac, Hein-
phony for full orchestra, a mass for four rich.
voices a Salve Regina, and several cantatas
; ARRIGONI, CARLO, born in Florence
and romances which remain in MS. Fetis ;
about 1708, died, probably in Tuscany, about
Grove Riemann, Lex.
; 1743. Clever lutenist, maestro di cappella
ARRIETA, Don JUAN ElMILIO, born to the Prince of Carignan. He is said by
at Puente la Reina, Navarre, Spain, Oct. Fetis to have been engaged with Porpora
21, 1823, still living, 1888. Dramatic com- as composer to the theatre started in oppo-
poser went to Italy in 1838, and studied
; sition toHandel at Lincoln's Inn in 1734,
composition, in 184215, under Vaccaj at and to have brought out an unsuccessful
the Conservatorio, Milan, where he brought opera called Fernando but there is no ;
out Ildegonda, his first opera, but met with proof of although bis Cantate di Camera
it,
no success. He returned to Madrid in was jûblished in London in 1732. Burnej'

1848, and devoted himself to the compo- claims, in his Commemoration, that Arri-
sition of zarzuelas, of which he has writ- goni is intended bv* the " King of Aragon,
ten about forty, and operas. He comijosed mentioned as one of Handel's opponents in
a cantata for the inauguration of the Zar- Arbuthnot's satire, " Harmony in an Up-
zuela Theatre in 185G, and a cantata dedi- roar. He was of small importance, as no
"
cated to Rossini in 1864. He became pro- mention is made of him or of his opera in
fessor of composition at the Conservatorio the musical writings of that day. His ora-
of Madrid in 1857, and one of the coun- torio of Esther was given at Vienna in 1738.
sellors in the ministry for public instruc- Fetis Grove ;jNIendel. ;
tion in 1875. Director of the Conserva- ARRIVEE SAIS, L'.A See Eiifance
torio since 1877. Works: Ildegonda, opera, du Christ.
given at Milan, 1846 ; Isabel la Catulica 6 ARRONGE, ADOLPH
L', born at Ham-
sea la conquista de Granada, do., Madrid, Germany, March 8, 1838, still living,
biu-g,
1850. Zarzuelas El domino azul. El gru- 1888. Dramatic composer, pupil of Richard
:
mete, ib., 1853 La vuelta del Corsario, Ma- Gence, then at the Conservatorium, Leipsic
;
rina, ib., 1855 La estrella de Madrid, De (1854^57), of Hauptmann, Rietz, and Mo-
;
tal palo tal astilla, El hombre feliz (mono- scheles. He conducted the ojiera at the
logue), El sonambulo, ib., 1856 Guerra a theatres of Konigsberg, Cologne, Wiirzburg^
;
muerte ; La dama del rey Un ayo para el Pesth, and Stuttgart, then in Berlin, where
;
76
ARSACE
he settled in 1866, at KroU's Theatre, but af- gart, 1776 Borghi, Venice, 1776
Bertoni, ; ;
terwards devoted himself exclusively to the London, 1780 Cimarosa, Turin, 1781 ; ;
teaching of vocal music, and conducting Alessandri, Naples, 1784 Rust, Modena, ;
the BerHn Miuiuergesangverein. Works 1784 Bertoni (new music), Venice, 1786 : ; ;
Das Gespenst Der zweite Jakob, and other Tarchi, Mantua, 1787
;
Bianchi, Padua, ;
comic operas Songs Part-songs.

;
Men- 1787 Anfossi,
;
Rome, 1788 Parenti, Italy, ; ;
del. about 1789 Zingarelli, Turin, 1794 Nico- ; ;
AESACE (Arsaces), Italian opera, music lo Isouard, Leghorn, 1795 NiccoUui, Ven- ;
by Gasparini, represented at Venice, 1715 ice, 1795 Artaxerce, French ojjera in three ;
;
music by Sarri, Venice, 1718 music by acts, music by Lesueur, 1801, not repre- ;
Fee, Rome, 1731 music by Giacomelli, sented Artaxerxes, English opera, music
; ;
Turin, 1736 music by Araja, St. Peters- by Arne, London, 1762 Artaxerxes, Ger-
;
;
burg, 1741. man opera, by Heinrich Dorn, Berlin, 1850.

ART OF FUGUE. See Kumt der There are also several operas of the same
j
Fuge. title which follow an older text.
AETASERSE (Artaxerxes), Italian opera ARTASERSE, Italian opera in three acts.
in three acts, text by Metastasio, music by

Leonardo Vinci, first represented at the
Teatro delle Damme, Rome, during the car-
nival, Scene in the city of Susa.
1730.
Characters represented Artaserse, King of :
Persia and lover of Semira Mandane, sis- ;
ter of Artaserse and lover of Arbace Ar- ;
tabauo, prefect of the royal guard, father

Arbace, friend of /-
of Arbace and of Semira ;
Artaserse and lover of Mandane ; Semira,

sister of Arbace and lover of Artaserse ;
]\Iegabise, general and confidant of Artaba-

no. The libretto has been set to music
also by Hasse, Venice, 1730, Dresden, 1740 ;
Duni, Italy, 1731 Pampani, Venice, 1737 ; ;
Farinelli.
Terradeglias, Naples, 1737 ; Ferandini, Mu-
nich, 1739 Porta, Munich, 1739
; Leo, ; text by Metastasio, by Hasse, repre-
mu.sic
Naples, 1740 Gluck, Milan, 1741

;
Adol- ; sented in Venice, 1730, and Dresden, 1740.
fati, Rome, 1742 C. H. Graun, Berlin, ;
Composed for the celebrated singer Faus-
1743 Abos, Venice,

;
1746 Jommelli, ; tina Bordoni, whom Hasse had married
Rome, 1749 Perez, Lisbon,
;
1753 Lam- ;
shortly before. It was in this opera that
pugnani, 1757 Scolari, Venice, 1758
;
Ga- ; the famous artificial soprano. Carlo Broschi,
luppi, Venice, 1762 Majo, Naples, 1762 ; ;
called Farinelli, made his debut in London,
Beruasconi, Munich, 1763 ; Scarlatti, Vien- in the King's Theatre, Oct. 29, 1734, under
na, 1763 ; Piiisiello, Modena, 1765 ; Fioril- the auspices of Handel's rivals and the su-
lo, Cassel. 1765 ; Ponzo, Venice, 1766 ; Pic- perintendence of Porpora. The other prin-
1766 Sacchini, Rome, 1768

cinni, Turin, ; ;
cipal supported by Senesino,
parts were
Vento, London, 1771 Giordani, London, ; Montagnana, and Signora Cuzzoni. With
1772 Piccinni (new music), Naples, 1772
; ;
this exceptional cast, the opera was very
Caruso, London, 1774 Mysliweczek, Na- ;

successful and was performed more than
ples, 1774 Felice Alessandri, Naples, 1774
; ;
forty times in three years, a great run for
Guglielnii, Italy, about 1775 ;
Buroni, Stutt- that period. When Farinelli separated
:;
ARTAXERXES
himself from the world of art by his ac- several operas : Italian oj)era, music by Ca-
ceptance of a yearly salary of 50,000 francs valli, rej)resented at Venice in 1656, and
from Philip V. of Spain, who heaped all Paris, 1660, under the title of Xerxes Ger- ;
manner of honours upon him in addition, man opera, music by Stiilzel, Naumburg,
he is said to have sung nightly to the ting 1713 music bj' Keiser, Hamburg, 1715
;
;
for ten years two songs from Artaserse, Italian opera, music by Sarri, Venice, 1731
"Pallido il sole " and "Per questo dolce am- in three acts, music by Terradeglias, Rome,
plesso." about 174:1 music by Johann Adolp)li Hasse,
;
ARTAXERXES, English grand opera in Dresden, 1754 music by Reichardt, Berlin, ;
three acts, text adapted by the composer 1787 music by Cimarosa, Venice, 1801.
;
from Metastasio, music by Thomas Augus- Cimarosa's opera, one of his best works, was
tine Arne, first represented at Covent Gar- left unfinished at his death in Venice, Jan.
den Theatre, Loudon, Feb. 2, 17G2. The 11, 1801.
libretto is a jsoor translation of the original, ARTHUR, ALFRED, born of American
and the music is in the Italian style of the parentage near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,
Oct. 8, 1844, still living, 1888. He studied
at the Music School, Boston, singing under
B. F. Baker, pianoforte under George How-
ard, and brass instruments under Matthew
Arbuckle and Henry Brown and at the ;
Boston Conservatory harmony and compo-

sition under Julius Eichberg. After singing
tenor in the Church of the Advent, Boston,
two years, he settled in 1871 in Cleveland,
Ohio, as a teacher of vocal music and leader
of the Germauia Orchestra. He was a
member for a few months of the choir of
Trinity Church, in that city, and later of
the Euclid Avenue Baptist Church, where
he remained until 1878, when he formed
the Bach Choir of the Woodland Avenue
Elizabeth BiMington.
Presbyterian Church, of which he is still
day, the dialogue being entirely in recita- conductor. This society is ranked as one
tive. It is Dr. Arne's best work and had an ;
of the best chorus choirs in the United
extraordinary success, being for a long time States. In 1873 The Cleveland Vocal So-
a favourite on the London stage. In the ciety was formed, with Mi-. Arthur as con-
was sung by Tenducci,
original cast Ai-baces : ductor, a position he still holds and he is ;
Artaxerxes by Peretti, Mandane by Miss also director of the Cleveland School of

Brent, and Artabanes by John Beard. To Music. He visited Euro2Je in 1879 and in
succeed in the character of Mandane was 1887. Works The Water Carrier, opera,
:
long considered a test of the vocal powers 1876 (MS.) The Roundheads and Cavaliers,
;
of female dramatic singers. It was one of do., 1878 (MS.) Adaline, opera, 1879-84 ;
Mrs. Elizabeth Billington's best impersona- (MS.). Songs Memory's Dream Tell it, : ;
tions.
Hogarth, ii. 87 Musical Rev., iii. Silver Throat etc. Didactic Progressive
; ; :
264. Vocal Studies, 1887 Album of Vocal Stud- ;
ARTEmSIA, Queen of Halioarnassus, ies, 1888 and other vocal studies. He has
;
wlio aided Xerxes in the battle of Salamis, also compiled the following hymn-books
when he invaded Greece, is the subject of Evangelical Hymnal ; Spirit of Praise.
78
ARTISAN
ARTISAN, L' (Tlip :\rechanic), opura- Musique de Bruselles 18 melodies pour ;
comique in one act, text by Saint-Georges cor, ou violoncelle, avec piano quatuors ;
and Simonnin, original plot, music by Ha- pour cors chromatiques ou cornets a-pis-
levy, represented at the Theatre Feydeau, tons 12 trios et 12 quatuors pour les ;
Paris, January, 1827. Although the composer memea (Brussels). Fetis, Supplement, i.
had won the grand prix de Rome in 1819 and 26 Mendel, Ergiinz., 17. ;
had written several other dramatic works, ARTUSI, GIOVANNI M.ARIA, born at
this was the first which he succeeded in pro- Bologna, Italy, about 1554, died (?). Canon
ducing. The libretto is feeble but the music of S. Salvatore, Venice he was the defender ;
is pretty, and it was given a hundred times. of the counterpoint of his day against the in-
ARTUT, ALEXANDRE JOSEPH MON- novations of Claudio Monteverde. Works :
TAGNY, called, born in Brussels, Feb. 4, Canzonette (4 voice.s) ; Cautate Domino

1815, died at Ville-d'Avray, near Sevres, (dedicated to Schieti in Vincent! collec-
France, July 20, 184.5. Violinist and com- tion). His theoretical works are Arte del :
poser, son and pupil of Maurice Montagny contrappunto ridotto in tavole (1586, 1589,
(1772-1829, regimental music master in the later translated by Frost into German) ;
time of the Revolution). He studied later Delle imperfezioni delle musica moderna
under Snel in Brussels, and under Rudolf (an attack on Monteverde's use of unpre-
and August Kreutzer at the Conservatoire jmred sevenths and ninths, 1600, 1603) ;
in Paris (1824-31), won the second prize in Difesa ragionata delle sentenze date di
1827, and the first in 1828. He made eon- Ghisilino Dankerto ; Impresa del Zarlino
cert tours through England, Holland, Ger- (1604); Considerazione IMusicale (1607).
many, Italy, Russia, the United States Fetis ; Gerber ; Schilling.
(1843), and to Havana, returning in 1845 to ARVIRE ET liVELINA, lyric tragedy in
France. Works Concerto pour violon et
: three acts, text by Gaillard from Mason's
orchestre, en la mineur Fantaisies pour vio-
;
" Caractacus," music by Saccliini, repre-
lon et jiiano, op. 4, Airs sented at the Opera, Paris, April 30, 1788.
5, 8, 11, IG, 19 ;
varies pour violon et orchestre, on piano, The composer died (Oct. 7, 1786) before
op. 1, 2, 17 Rondeaux pour violon et or-
; finishing his work, and the end of the third
chestre, ou piano, op. 9 et 15 Serenades, ; act was writtenRey, the leader of the
bj'
romances, etc. Biog. nat. de Belgique ;
orchestra at the Opera.
Fetis ; Mendel. ASANTSCHEWSKY, MICHAEL VON,
ARTOT, JEAN DESIRE MONTAGNY, born in Moscow in 1838, still living, 1888.
called, born in Paris, Sept. 23, 1803, still Composer and virtuoso, pupil at Leipsic in
living, 1888. Cornet player, son and pupil 1861-62 of Hauptmauu and of Richter in
of Maurice Montagnj'. He was first cornet Paris, where he bought the librarj' of An-
in the 31st Swiss Regiment in 1819, under ders, adding it to his own, and he has now
Jacques Bender, then member of the or- one of the finest musical libraries in the
chestra of the Royal Theatre, Brussels, in world. In 1870-76 he was Rubinstein's suc-
1823 and cornet player to the King of the
; cessor as director of the Conservatory at St.
Netherlands, at his father's death, in 1829. Petersburg. Works Sonata in B minor, :
He travelled through Germany and France op. 2, pianoforte and violoncello Trio in F- ;
in 1835was professor of the cornet at the

; sharp minor, op. 10, pianoforte and strings ;
Conservatoire, Brussels, in 1843, and solo Fest-Polonaise, op. 12, two pianofortes; Pas-
player to Leopold I. in 1849. Woi-ks Six : satempo, piano a quatre mains. Fetis, Sup-
fantaisies concertantes pour cor chromat- plement, i. 27 Riemann. ;
ique, avec piano ; 48 etudes adoptees comme ASCANIO IN ALBA (Ascanius in Alba),
exercises par les Conservatoires et Ecoles de Italian opera, text by Metastasio, music by
79
ASCHENBEENNEK
PoUarolo, represented in Venice, 1701 ; Flutist, first instructed at Woolwich on the
serenata, test by Abbate Giuseppe Parini, violin, then pupil, at the Hague, of Wend-
music by Mozart, given at JSIilan, Oct. 17, on the flute, through the patronage of
ling
1711, on the marriage of the Archduke Count Bentinck, a Dutch colonel in the
Ferdinand of Austria with the Princess English service, with whom he had trav-
Maria of Modena. Ascanius is the son of elled extensively. He was first flute at the
J^lueas and founder of Alba Longa. The Opera House of Brussels in 1778-82, and
same subject lias been treated by Beruabei, was engaged at the concerts in the Rotun-
Munich, 1686 and by Antonio Lotti and
; da at Dublin until 1791, when he went to
Leal-Moreira, Lisbon, 1784. London, where he appeared successfully in
ASCHENBKENNER, CHRISTIAN many concerts as virtuoso and composer.
HEINRICH, bom at Alt-Stettin, Dec. 29, He was subsequently first flute at the Italian
1654, died at Jena, Dec. 13, 1732. Violin- ojjera, and in 1810 conductor at the concerts
ist, first instructed by his father, who was at Bath, which position he resigned in 1822,
municipal music director at Alt-Stettin to devote himself to the editing of his nu-
;
then jjupil in composition of Schiitz, and at merous works. Grove Mendel. ;
Merseburg of Theile, and in Vienna of ASHTON. See Aston.

Schmelzer. He was first violinist in the ASILO D' AMORE, L' (Love's Refuge),
ducal orchestras at Zeitz (1677-81), and Italian opera in one act, text bj' Metastasio,
Merseburg (1683-90), then director of mu- first set to music by Caldara, and ref)r6-
sic at Zeitz (1695-1713), and Kapellmeister sented at Lintz, Upper Austria, Aug. 28,
to the Duke of Merseburg (1713-19). He 1732, on the occasion of the visit there of
visited Vienna in 1692, when he played the Emperor Charles VI., to celebrate the
before the emperor and dedicated to him birthday of the Empress Elizabeth. Scene
a collection of sonatas for the violin, and near the coast of Cyprus. Characters rep-
again in 1703. His principal and at present resented Venere, Amore, Pallade, Apollo,
:
only known work is Gast- und Hochzeits- Mercurio, Marte, Proteo. The libretto has
:
freude, bestehend in Souateu, Praludien, been set to music also by Johann Adolph
Allemanden, Couranten, Balletten, Arien, Sa- Hasse, Dresden, 1743 by Jommelli, Stutt- ;
rabanden mit di-ei, vier und fiinf Stimmen gart, 1767 cantata, by Benedetto Bierey, ;
nebst dem basso continuo (Leipsic, 1673, 1797.

Innsbruck, 1676). F6tis ; Mendel ; Schil- ASIOLI, BONIFAZIO, born at Correg-
ling. gio, April 80, 1769,
ASCHER, JOSEPH, born in London in died there, May 26,
1831, died there, June 3, 1869. Pianist, 1832. Dramatic
pupil of Moscheles, whom he followed to comijoser, first in-
the Conservatorium at Leipsic. He went structed, when five
to Paris in 1849 and became court pianist years old, by Luigi
to theEmpress Eugenie. His best known Crotti, organist of S.
compositions are two mazurkas, La jierle dii Quirino, and at the
Nord and Dozia, and an etude, Les gouttes age of ten pupil of
d'eau ; besides these, he wrote over a hun- Morigi at Parma.
dred gallops, nocturnes,
mazurkas, tran- Two yeai-s before, he
scriptions, and etudes.
His song, Alice, had already composed three masses, twenty
where art thou, is still a favourite at con- other pieces of church music, a concerto for
certs.
Grove. pianoforte with orchestra, another for vio-
ASHE, ANDREW, bom at Lisburn, Le- lin, and two sonatas for four hands. Having
land, in 1759, died in London iu 1828. completed his studies in Parma, he went to
;
ASIOLI
Venice, where he gave two concerts, .and on ured bass. Works JIadrigals : Madrigali
his return to Correggio, four months later, a due voci da cantarsi in fuga (1587) ;
he was made maestro di cappella. In 1787 other editions (Venice, 1604, 1624, 1665) ;
lie went to Turin, and lived there until La Vergine, madrigali a tre, lib. i. (1596).
1796, when he accompanied the Marchesa Martini has included some in his Exem-
Gherardini to Venice, remained there for plare and some of Asola's motets are in the ;
three years, and in 1799 settled at Milan. Promptuarium Musicum of Abraham Schad.
In 1801 he became maestro di cappella to Church compositions Introitus et Alleluya, :
the Viceroy of Italy, and in 1809 censor and etc. (1565) Missarum quiuque voc, etc. ;
professor of composition and singing at the (1571) Psalmodia ad vespertinas, etc. ;
newly erected Conservatorio. In 1810 he (1574) Falsi bordoni sopra gli otto tuoni ;
visited and in 1813 retired to his ecclesiastici, etc. (Venice, 1575, 1582, 1584,
Paris,
native town, where he composed until 1820, Milan, 1587) Vespertina jjsalmodia maj., ;
and established a school of music, which etc. (1576) Completorium per totum (pia- ;
nourished under his direction. Works tuorque illse B. V., etc., antij)honal (1576) ;
Operas La volubile, given in Rome about Vespertina omnium solemn, psal. duoque
;
1786 La contadiua vivace, Naples, about B. v., etc. (1578) Primo lib. deUe Messe,
;
;
1786 ; La discordia teatrale, Milan, about etc. (1579) ; Secundolib., etc. (1580) ; Missa
1786 ; H 1787 La festa
Ciclope, Naples, ; et major, solemn, psal. 6 vocum (1581) ;
d'Alessandro, Turin, about 1790 Pimma- ; Vesjjertina, etc. (1582) ; Officium majores
glione, ib., about 1789 Gustavo, ib., 1791: ; hebdomadte, saiict. etc. (1583) ; Secunda
Cinna, Milan, Teatro della Scala, 1801 La ; pars, idem (1584) ; In jaassionibus quat.
gabbia de' Pazzi, intermezzo, Venice, about evang. Ckristi locut., etc. (1583) ; Sacrse
1785 II ratto di Proserpina, do., Naples,
; cantiones, etc. (1584) ; Divinoe Dei laudes,
about 178.5 Giacobbo in Galaad, oratorio.
; etc. (1586) ; Lamentatioues, etc. (1588) ; Se-
Cantatas: La gioja pastorale (between 1781 cunda j)fii's vespertina;, etc. (1591) Missa ;
and 1785) La primavera II nome II

; ; ; defunctorum (1588) Duse Missse et decern ;
consiglio II complimento
; Quella eetra ;
sacrre laudes (Venice, 1589) Misse sopra ;
pur tu sei Piramo e Tisbe La scusa La

; ; ; gli otto tuoni, etc. (Milan, 1590) Canto ;
tempesta (Turin, 1787-96) H dubio La ; ; fermo sopira le Messe, etc. (Venice, 1596) ;
Medea (Milan) Five masses, and many ; Sacro-sanctse Dei laudes, antiphonal in
other pieces of church music Four over- ; four vols. (1600).Fetis Gerber, N. Lex.; ;
tui-es ; Concertos, sonatas, duets, trios, etc. Schilling.

For different instruments : Arias, canons, ASP A, EDWIN, born in London, May 6,
songs, duets, terzets, quartets, with and 1835, still living, 1888. Organist, nephew of
without accompaniment, etc. Several theo- Mario Aspa. Works : The Gipsies, cantata ;
retical w'orks. Fetis ; Mendel ; Schilling. Endymion, do. Pianoforte pieces Songs, etc.
; ;
ASIOLI, Francesco, Italian dramatic com- ASPA, MARIO, born at Messina, Sicily,
poser, contemijorary. He brought 14, 1868. Dra-
out the in 1799, died there, Dec.
opera Maria de' Ricci, in Milan, La Scala, matic composer, studied at first in Messina
Feb. 10, 1859. Fi'tis, Supplement, i. 28. and Palermo, then under Zingarelli at the
ASOLA (Asula), GIOVANNI MATTEO, Royal College of Music, Najjles, where he
born in Verona, lived in the latter part of settled as a teacher of vocal music. Works
the 16th century. Priestand comjioser be-
Giovanni Banier, ossia il Castello Operas:
tween the j'ears di Arolte, given at Najjles, Teatro del Fondo,
1565 and 1600. In 1592,
in conjunction with other composers, he 1830 II carcei-e d' Ildegonda, ib., Teatro ;
dedicated a collection of Psalms to Pales- Nuovo, 1831; La burla, ib., Teatro del
trina. He was among the first to use fig- Fondo, 1832 II litigante senza lite, ib., ;
81

ASPA
1833 La finta greca (farce), I due Forzati,
;
*
ASSEDIO DI CORINTO. See Siege de

ib., about 1834 II quadro pailaute, Teatro
; Corinthe.
Nuovo, 1834; II 20 Augusto, Teatro del' ASSMAYER, IGNAZ, born at Salzburg,
Foudo, 1835 Bartolommeo del Piombo,
; Austria, Feb. 11, 1790, died Aug. 31, 1862.
Teatro Nuovo, 1837 Allan Mac Auley, ib., Organist, pupil of Michael Haydn.
; In 1808
1838 H mariuaro, ib., 1839 Maria d'Ai-les,
; he was organist of St. Peter's, at Salzbui-g,
;
ib., 1841 II proscritto, Turin, 1841

; Gu- where he composed an oratorio. Die Siind- ;
glielmo Colman, Naj)les, 1843 Paolo e Vir- fluth, and a cantata, Worte der Weihe.; In
ginia, Rome, Teatro Metastasio, 1843 1815 he settled in Vienna, and in 1824 was
II ;
travestimento, Najjles, Teatro del Foudo, appointed organist at the Schottenstift, in

1846 Piero di Calais, Messina, Teatro Vit- 1825 imperial organist, in 1838 vice-, and in
;
torio Emraanuele, 1872 La vei'ga magica 1846 chief-Kapellmeister to the court. The
; ;
La metamorfose fortunata Federico II. Tonkiinstler-Societat, which Assmayer con-

; ;
L' orfana muta II niuratore di Napoli ducted for fifteen years, often performed
; ;
Werther Emo Margherita d' Aragona his chief oratorios. Das Geliibde, Saul und
; ; ;
Gustavo Wasa. Fetis. David, and Saul's Tod. He was author of

ASPA, EOSARIO, born at Messina, Sic- fifteen masses, two requiems, a Te Deum,
ily,Jan. 12, 1827, still living, 1888. Dra- some hymns, motets, and other sacred mu-
matic composer, brother of Edwiu Aspa. sic, and nearly sixty secular compositions,
"Works The Artist's Stratagem, opera consisting of overtures, symphonies, jiasto-
:
;
Pianoforte pieces Songs. rales

; the latter have all been published. ;
ASPASIE, French opera in three acts, Fetis Mendel Schilling Pietznigg, Mit- ; ; ;
text by Morel, music by Gn'try, represented theilg. Wien (1834), iii. 1 Wurzbach.
aus ;
at the Opera, Paris, March 17, 1789, known ASSOUCI, CHARLES COYPEAU D',
now only by its celebrated duet, "Donne-la- born in Paris in 1604, died there in 1679.
moi, dans nos adieus."' Opera-comique in Lute player and dramatic comjjoser. He
two acts, Saint-Amans, Paris, about led a vagabond life in France, England,
music bj'
1790. Aspasie et Pericles, ojjera in one act, and Italy, and died in want and misery.
text by Viennet, music by Daussoigne-Me- He composed, and wrote the words to, Les
hul. Opera, Paris, July 17, 1820. amours dApollou et de Daphne, comedie
ASPELMA.YER (Appelmeyer), FRANZ, en musique, en vers (Paris, 1650). Schil-
died in Vienna, July 29 (or Aug. 9), 1786. ling.
Dramatic composer, court musician to the ASTARITA, GENNARO, born at Naples
emperor. Works Die Kinder der Natur, about 1749, died ('?). Dramatic composer,
:
opera, given in Vienna, 1770 Pygmalion, esiêcially of comic operas, which were very ;
do., ib., about 1770 Der Sturm, do., ib., popular both in Italj' and Germany. His
;
1786 ; Agamemnon, ballet ; La Lavandara style shows a great similarity to that of his
di Citere, do.; I Mori spagnuoli, do. ; 6 duets contemporary, Anfossi. Works : La con-
for violin and violoncello ; G trios ; 6 quar- tessa di Bimbinpoli, given in Rome, 1772 ;
tets for violin ; 10 serenades for wind in- I visionari, Venice, 1772 ; Le finezze d'
struments. - Fetis. amore, o la Forza non si fa, ma si prova,
ASPERI, URSULA, born Naples, 1773 II marito che non ha moglie, in Rome in ;
1807. Dramatic composer and pianist, pu- II priucipe Spondriaco, Venice, 1774 La ;
pil of Fioravanti conducted the orchestra critica teatrale, Rome, 1775

; H mondo ;
of a small theatre in Florence in 1839. della Luna, Venice, 1775 La dama im- ;
Works Le avventure di una giornata, maginaria, L' isola di Bingoli, Naples, 1777
: ;
opera, given in Rome, Teatro Valle, 1827 ;

Armida, Circe ed Ulysse, 1777 Nicoletto ;
I pirati, do., ib., 1843. Fetis. bella Vita, Naples, 1779 La contessina,
;
ASTAETE
Rome, about 1780 La inoliuarella, Raven- under Francesco Scarlatti) was completed.
;
na, 1783 II divertimento in campagna, On leaving the convent, after a few years'
;
Dresden, 1783 H Franccse bizzarro, ib., residence, he obtained the title of Baron d'
;
1786 I tilosofi inimaginarj, Naples, 1788

; Astorga, through his patroness's influence.
;
I capriccj in amore, Venice, 1791 was sent on a dij>lomatic mission

; L' im- Iu 1704 he
l^resario in scompiglio (farce), IVIilan, Tea- to the court of Parma, where he made him-
tro della Canobbiana, 1791 II medico Parig- self very popular, but was sent to Vienna
;
ino, ib., 1792 II parrucbiere, Berlin, 1793

; by the duke iu 1705, to break off a love
;
L' isola disabitata ; Le Fetis.

affair between the young composer and his
Cinesi.
ASTARTE, by Zeno, pujîl, Elisabetta Farnese, the duke's sister.
Italian opera, text
music by Albinoni, Venice, 1708 music by He spent the greater part of his life in
;
Fago, Naples, 1709 music by Predieri, travels through Spain, Portugal, England,
;
Bologna, 1715 music by Caldara, Vienna, and Italy. Shortly after 1720 he retired to
;
1718 music by Giovanni Battista Bonou- the Prince of Lobkwitz's Sehloss Kaudnitz,
;
cini, London, 1720 German oisera, from in Bohemia, where he remained until his
;
Zeno's text, music by Treu, Breslau, 1725; death. He was a handsome man of the
Italian opera, music by Terradeglias, Rome, world, of graceful manners and pleasing
1736, Naples, 1739 music by Rauzzini, Mu- address, and a most accomplished singer.
;
nich, 1769. As a composer, he is now chiefly famous for

ASTIANASSE. See A.^h/amx. his great Skibaf. Mater for 4 voices (Oxford,
ASTON (Ashton, Asbtan), HUGH, Eng- 1713). He wrote also a pastoral opera,
lish organist iu time of Henry VHI. A Te Dafui (Barcelona, June, 1709), and many
Deum for live voices and a motet for six cantatas, of which the Abbate Santini has 54
voices by him are preserved iu the Music for soprano, 44 for contralto, with figured
School, Oxford. bass, and 10 for two female voices. The
ASTORGA, German opera iu three acts, score of Dafni is in the Kiesewetter collec-
text by E. Basque, music by Abert, Hofbibliothek, Vienna.
first The tion in the
ref)reseuted with great success at Stuttgart, Stabat Mater, with additional accompani-
Sept. 20, 1866. The libretto is derived ments by Robert Franz, is published by
from the romantic story of the composer. F. E. C. Leuckart, Leijssic. Rochlitz, Fiir
Baron Emanuele d' Astorga, who, when on Freunde der Tonkuust, ii. 43 Grove, i. 99 ;
;
a diplomatic mission to the court of Parma, Riehl, Musikalische Charakterkopfe, i. 16.

in 1704, fell in love with the duke's sis- ASTREA PLACATA (Astrea Appeased),
ter, his pupil in music. Characters repre- Italian operetta in one act, text by Metas-
sented : Astorga (T.), Angioletta (S.), Bal- tasio, music by Predieri, represented iu Vi-
bazes (Bar.), Eleonore (S.), Lauristan (B.), enna, Aug. 28, 1739, to celebrate the birth-
and Farnese (B.). day of the Empress Elizabeth. Scene iu the
ASTORGA, EMANUELE, Baron D', palace of Jove subject from Ovid's "Meta-
;
born in Palermo, Sicilj', in 1681, died in morphoses." Characters represented Gl- :
Bohemia, Aug. 21, 1736. He was the son ove, Astrea, Apollo, La Clemenza, II Rigore.
of the Marehese Capece da Roffrano, a Si- ASTREE (Astrea), lyric tragedy in three
cilian noble, executed with several others acts, text by La Fontaine, music by Colasse,
for conspiring against the Spanish power. represented at the Academic Royale de Mu-
Having attracted the attention of the Prin- sique, Paris, Nov. 28, 1691.
cess Ursini, maid of honour to the wife of AS-TU SOUFFERT, AS-TU PLEURE.
Philip v., he was placed by her at the con- See Mignon.
vent of Astorga, in Spain, where his musi- ASTUZIE FEMINILI, LE (Woman's
cal education (probably begun at Palermo Cunning), Italian opera, text by Metastasio,
&3
;
ASTYANAX
music by Cimarosa, repi'esented at the Tea- cretly in love with Teodosio ; Pulcheria,
tro del Fondo, Naples, 1793 Opera Italieu,
; elder sister of Teodosio, secretly in love
Paris, Oct. 21, 1802, and again in 1803, 1814, with Marziano Asterio, imperial prince,
;

and 187-4. Clement and Larousse, 831. also in love with Atenaide.
ASTYANAX (Ital., Astiauasse), French A TE, O CARA. See PurUani.
opera in three acts, text by Dejaure, music ATHALIA, oratorio, text by Samuel Hum-
by Kreutzer, represented at the Opera, phreys, music b}' Handel, first performed at
Paris, April 12, 1801. The libretto is de- Oxford, July 10, 1733. The score of this,
rived from the " Troyades " of Eurijjides the third of Handel's oratorios, was finished
and of Seneca,and the hero is Astyauas, June 7, 1733. The text is arranged in imi-
son of Hector and Andromache, who, after tation of the " Athalie " of Racine. The
the fall of Troj', was hurled from the bat- oratorio was given in London five times
tlements by the Greeks to prevent the ful- in April, 1735, with Miss Young as Athalia,
filment of the decree of fate, by which he Siguora Strada as Josabeth,Carestini as Joad,
was to restore the city. Italian operas on Waltz as Abuer, and Master Goodwill (?) as
the same subject, text by Salvini Astia- : the young King Joash. Handel rearranged
nasse, music bj' Leo, Naples, 1725 music bj- ; much
music of Athalia for an Italian
of the
Vinci, Venice, 1725 music by Bouoncini,
; produced
serenata, called Parnasso in Festa,
London, May 6, 1727 music by Jommelli,
; at the King's Theatre, March 13, 1734, in
Rome, 1741 music by Pampiui, Italy, 1755
; honour of the marriage of the Princess
;
music by Galuppi, about 17G0. Royal with the Prince of Orange. The ora-
ATALANTA (Atalante), the Arcadian hunt- torio was revived in London, June 20, 1845,
ress, who was won for his wife by Mela- by the Sacred Harmonic Society. Pub-
niou, through a cunning stratagem, is the lished by the Himdel-Gesellschaft (Leip-
subject of several operas. Italian opera, sic, 1859). Schcelcher, Handel, 156 Rock- ;
text by Pallavicino, music by J. K. Karl, stro, Handel, 199.

Munich, 1667 music by Draghi, Vienna,
;
ATHALIE, music to Racine's drama of, for
1669 text by Zeno, music by Chelleri, Fer- chorus and orchestra, by Mendelssohn, o-p. 74
;
rara, 1713 music by Handel, London, May (ojj. 2, posth.) composed 1843 (choruses),
; ;
12, 1736 music by Johann Adolph Hasse, and 1844-45 (overture). Early in 1845 the
; i
Dresden, 1737 music by Giordani, Turin, choruses were rewritten and scored for or-
;
1792 music by Steffimi, Hamburg, 1698

;
chestra. It was first performed in Berlin,
;
German opera, music by Strungk, Leipsic, Dec. 1, 1845. It was given in England at
1695. Atalanta e Meleagro, music by Ei- Windsor Castle, Jan. 1, 1847, and by the Phil-
ghini, Beriin, 1797. harmonic, London, March 12, 1849. Cho-
ATENAIDE, L', or, Gli affetti generosi, ruses for Athalie were written also by Abt
Italian ojieretta in two parts, text by Metas- Volger, Stockholm, 1791 by Gossec, Paris, ;
tasio, music by Bonno, represented privately 1791 by Boildieu, ib., 1836 by Ftlix Cle-
; ;
in the palace of the Ai'chduchess Marianna ment, ib., 1858 and by Cohen, ib., 1859. ;
Isabella de Bourbon, Vienna, 1762. Sub- ATTALO, R DI BITINIA (Attalus, King

ject,the elevation to the imperial purple of of Bithynia), Italian opera, music by Johann
Athenais, afterwards Eudocia, wife of Theo- Adoljah Hasse, represented in Naples, 1728
dosius n.. Emperor of the East. Scene in by Aurisicchio, London, 1758 by Alessandri, ;
an imperial palace on the banks of the Bos- Florence, 1780; by Caruso, Rome, 1790.
porus. Characters represented Teodosio ATTENHOFER, KARL, born at Wetting-
:
il Giovane, Emperor, secretly in love with en, near Baden, Switzerland, May 5, 1837,
Atenaide Marziano, general of the imperial still living, 1888. Composer, pupil of Dan-
;
army, also in love with her Atenaide, se- iel Elster at Baden, of Kurz at Neufcha-
;
84
ATTERBURY
tel, aud of Richter, Papperitz, Dreyselioek, ATTILIO REGOLO (Atilius Regulus),
l>y Jletastasio,
Rontgeu, and Scbleiuitz at the Conservato- Italian opera iu three acts, text
Hasse and represented
rium iu Leipsic. In 1859 he became musical first set to music by
during the carnival, in 1750.
instructor at Muri (Aargau), iu 1863 con- in Dresden,
Rappers- Scene uear Rome. Characters represented :
ductor of a male singing society at

Attilia and Publio,
wyl, iu wbich capacity he soon won reputa- Regolo Manlio, consul
;
;
tion, and assumed the direction of several children of Regolo Barce, a noble Carthage- ;
Licinio, tribune
other societies, removing in 1867 to Ziirich, niau girl, slave of Publio ;
with Attilia Amilcare,

where in 1879 he became organist aud mu- of the people, in love ;
sical director of the Catholic church. He ambassador of Carthage, in love with Barce.
is one of the most distinguished Swiss com- The same text has been set to music also by
posers, especially of male choruses, but also Scarlatti, Rome, 1719
Egidio Naselli, Pal- ;
of choruses for female, aud mixed voices, ermo, 1748 Johauu

Adolph Hasse, Dres- ;
songs, pianoforte pieces, violin studies, aud den, 1750 Jommelli, Rome, 1752 Carlo
;
;
some masses. Riemann. Monza, Munich, 1777. See also Eegulus.
ATTERBURY, LUFFMAN, born in Eng- ATTRIJP, KARL, born at Copenhagen,

Organist,
land about 1740, died at Westminster, June March 4, 1848, still living, 1888.
ordinary George pupil iu 1867 at the Conservatorium in Co-
11, 1796. Musician iu to
TIT, He composed numerous catches and penhagen, of Gade, whom he succeeded two
glees, aud between 1778 and 1780 obtained years later as instructor at the same insti-
orgauist
from the Catch Club prizes for three glees tution. In 1871 he was appointed
and two catches he also wrote an oratorio, at St. Frederick's, aud in 1874 at the Church
;
Goliah, which was performed at the Hay- of the Redeemer, aud instructor of
the or-
the Blind.
market Theatre in 1773. About 1790 he gan in the Royal Institute for
published A Collection of Twelve Glees, He has given many organ concerts through-
Rounds, etc. A number of his glees and out Denmark, Schleswig, and Swedeu, and
catches are in Warren's collections. is the author of valuable organ music and
ATTILA, King Huns (a.d. 434-454), of songs. Mendel, Ergiinz., 17.

of the
called the Scourge of God, is the subject of ATTWOOD, THOMAS, born in London
several operas Music by Pietro Antonio iu 1767, died there, March 28, 1838. Dra-
:
Ziani, Venice, 1672 music by Johann Wôlf- matic composer and orgauist pupil of Dr.
;
;
gang Franck, represented iu Hamburg, Nares and Dr. Ayrton, while a chorister iu
1682 Italian opera, text by Rossi, music by the Chapel Royal, from 1776 to 1881, of Fi-
;
Giuseppe Pariuelli, Venice, 1810 music by lippo Ciuque and Gaetano Latilla in Naples
;
Malipiero, Venice, 1846 (later entitled Ilde- in 1783-85, and of Mozart in Vienna
until
gonda di Borgogua) text by Solera, music

;
his return to England in 1787. He was
by Verdi, Venice, 1846, New York, March under the immediate patronage of George
1850, one of the most feeble of the mas- IV., by whom, when Prince of
Wales, he
15,
ter's works. The terzet, " Te sol' quest' was sent to Italy to study, and fi-om whom
auima" (for S., T. aud B.), however, is one he received appointments. most of bis
of the finest examples of Verdi's short con- Attwood held successively the following
certed pieces, aud has been sung more than offices Orgauist of St. George the Martyr,
:
anything else by him in this form. Attila Queen Square, aud member of the Prince
iu Aquileja (in Aquileia,which he besieged, of Wales's chamber band musical in- ;
A.D. 451), opera seria, music by Giuseppe structor to the Duchess of York in 1791,
Persiani, Parma, 1827 Attila il Re de' to the Princess of Wales in 1795, organist
;
Franchi (King of the Franks), text by So- of St. Paul's Cathedral iu 1795, composer
grafi, music by Mosca, Palermo, 1818. to the King's Chapel Royal on the death of
86
ATI'S
Dr. Dupuis in 1796 ; organist of George ATYS, lyric tragedy in five acts, text by
IV. 's private chapel in the Pavilion at Quinault, music by Lulli, represented at
Brighton in 1821 and organist of the

;
St. Germain, before Louis XTV., Jan. 10,
Chapel Royal in 1836. He occasionally 1676, and in Paris, August, 1677. Subject,
conducted concerts of the Philharmonic the love of Cybele for the beautiful Phry-
Society, of which he became a member on gian shepherd Atys. This work, now for-
its organization in 1813. Attwood's earlier gotten, was greatly liked by the king. In
compositions were dramatic, but later he 1682, on its third representation, the ballet
devoted himself to church music, sonatas, was danced by the chief lords and ladies of
songs, and glees. Attwood was a friend of the court. It was reproduced ten times at
Mendelssohn, who dedicated to him some the Academic de Musique between 1687
of his best compositions. AVorks The : and 1710. Quinault's text, reduced to
Prisoner, opera, given in London, 1792 ;
three acts by Marmontel, with music by
The Mariners, do., ib., 1793 Caernarvon ;
Nieolo Piccinni, was represented at the
Castle, do., ib, 1798 ; The Adopted Child, Academie de Musique, Feb. 22, 1780.
do., ib., 1795 The Poor Sailor, do., ib.,
;
Though successful, it did not keep the
1795 The Smugglers, do., ib., 1796 The stage long. On the same subject are the
; ;
Mouth of the Nile, do., ib., 1798 The Devil operas, Atide, music by Giacomo Perti
;
of a Lover, do., ib., 1798 A Day at Rome, (with Tosi), Bologna, 1679
;
Atide, music
[
;
do., ib., 1798 The Castle of

; Sorrento, do., by Mysliweczek, Padua, 1771 Atys, music \
;
ib., 1799 The Red Cross Knights, do., ib., by Ariosti, Lutzenburg, 1700 and Cibele
;
;
1799 The Old Clothesman, do., ib., 1799

; ;
et Ati, music by Antonio Bertali, Vienna,
The Magic Oak, do., ib., 1799 True Friends, ;

1666.
do., ib., 1800 The Dominion of Fancy, do.,
;
AUBER, DANIEL FRANCOIS ESPRIT,
ib., 1800 The Escapes, or the Water Car-
;
born at Caen (Cal-
from Cherubiui's
rier (partly original, partly vados), Jan. 29,
Les deux journees), do., ib., 1801 II Bon- ;

1784, died in Par-
docani, do., ib., 1801 St. David's Day, do.,
;
is, May 12, 1871.
ib., 1801; The Curfew, do., ib., 1807; His father, Jean
Two songs contributed to Guy Manneriug, Baptiste Daniel
1816 Anthem with orchestral accompani-
;
Auber, was officer
ment, I was glad (written for coronation of of the king's hunt,
George IV.) do., O Lord, grant the King

;
and an amateur
a long life (coronation of William IV.) a ;
musician and an ;
volume containing four services, eight an- uncle, Daniel Au-
thems, nine chants (edited by his godson. ber, was painter
Dr. Thomas Attwood Walmisley, fifteen to the king. Auber first studied music as
years after Attwood's death). A third an- an accomplishment, taking pianoforte les-
them was begun for the coronation of sons of Ladurner, and was sent to London
Queen Victoria, but never finished. His to enter a commercial house. Business
song, The Soldier's Dream, was long jwp- soon i^roved distasteful to him, and he re-
ular his glees, In peace Love tunes the turned to Paris, where he became well
;
Shepherd's reed, and, To all that breathe known in certain artistic circles for his
the air of Heaven, are still well known compositions, mostly chamber music. His ;
and his services in F and D are household first dramatic work was a new setting of

words in most cathedrals. Barrett, Eng- the text of an old comic opera, Julie, the
lish Church Composers, 152 Fetis Grove orchestral part of which he wrote for strings
; ; ;
Naumaun (Ouseley), ii. 1287. only. This was soon followed by another
iffi
;;
AUBERLEN
opera both works were given in private first two and
; ;
tliose otherwise marked,
about 1812, and were much applauded, Works Operas j
: Julie, 1812 (?) ;
Le sejour
In sinte of these amateur successes, he felt militaire, 1813 ! ; Le testament, 1810 La ;
dissatisfied with his work,and began seri berghre chatelaine, 1820 ; Emma, 1821 ;
ous studies under Cherubini. His studies Leicester, 1823 La neige, 1823 Le concert ; ;
ended, he wrote a four-part mass. He first a la cour, 1824 Iji-ocadic, 1824 Le marnn, ; ;
appeared before the public in 1813, with an 1825 ; Fiorella, 182() ; Le timide, 1826 ; La
opera in one act, Le sujour militaire this, ; muelle de Portici, Opera, 1828 La fiand-e, ;
with Le testament, ou les billets-doux, 1819, 1829 Le diexi et la bayadere, Opi'ra,

;
was wholly unsuccessful. But in 1820 his 1830 ; Fra Diavolo, 1830 ; Le philtre, Opura,
three-act La bergere chatelaine, given at 1831 ; Le servient. Opera, 1833 ; Gastave
the Opera Comique (Feydeau), was much in.. Opera, 1833 ; Lestocq, 1834 ; Le cheval
applauded, and Emma, ou la promesse im- de bronze, 1835 ; Action, 1836 ; Les cha-
prudente, 1821, confirmed his reputation. perons blancs, 183G L'AmhaAsadrice, 1836 ; ;
In Le concert a la cour, and Lij>cadii\ both Le domino noir, 1837 Le lac des fees, Opi'ra, ;
182-1, and notably iu Le mapon, 1825, a 1839 Zanetta, 1840 Les diamants de la ; ;
new and more mature development of his couronne, 1841 Le due d'Olonne, 1842 La ; ;
style was noticeable ; here begins his sec- jxirt du Diable, 1853 ; La siriine, 1844 ; La
ond manner. This second period closed barcarolle, 1845 Haijdec, 1847 L'rnfant ; ;
gloriously with La Muette de Portici, given prodigue. Opera, 1850 Zerline, Opera, 1851 ;
at the Opera, 1828. To his third period Marco Spada, 1852 Jenntj Bell, 1855 Ma- ; ;
belong his master-works. La fiancee, Fra non Lescaut, 185(> La Circassienne, 1861 ; ;
Diavolo, Leittocq, Le chrva! de bronze, Le I Jjo, Jiancee du roi de Garbe,
domino noir, Zanetta. "With the Diamants /Y ijti^ 1864 Jje premier jour de , ;
^ ''^ / bonheur, 1868 lUves

de la couronne (1811) his style began to ;
(
expand still further, and he
reached the apogee of that form J\)Ww^'b, ^ ?<)vJ*^vJcuv 'i.^jui^J^ ^- w^ÎnqiA'
|
known as the opera-comique. To

this fourtli period belong also La part d'amour 1869. B. Jouvin, D. F. E. Auber,
du diable. La and Haydie. Auber sa vie et ses oeuvres (Paris, Heugel, 1861)
airhie, j
was at once the greatest and the most Dwight's Journal, ii. 179; xxii. 291; E. de
characteristically French of all the writers Mirecourt, Auber (18.'5-l-58).
of opera comique. He did not enter upon AUBERLEN, SAMUEL GOTTLOB,
his professional career until the age of born at Feilbach, near Stuttgart, Nov. 23,
twenty-nine his last opera. Roves d'amour, 1758, died at Ulm after 1824.
;
Organist
was written at the age of eighty-five. If after having occupied positions as conduc-
his genius showed symptoms of decay tor, Conzertmeister, and organist at Zii-
in the last few years of his life, some rich, Stuttgart, Zofingen, Winterthur, Tii-
of his very best work was done when he bingen, and Schaffhausen, under constant
was over sixty. In 1825 he was named adversities, which he lias described in an
chevalier of the Legion of Honour, and was autobiography (Ulm, 1824), he was finally
admitted member of the Academic des appointed oi-ganist and musical director at
Beaux Arts de llnstitut in 1829. He the Cathedral of Ulm iu 1819. Works:
^
wrote forty-two operas (not counting those Lob der Poesie, Lob der Musik, cantatas
which he wrote in collaboration with others), Das Fest der Christen auf Golgotha, orato-
besides many ballets and occasional pieces. rio ; Mass ; Seclis moderne Walzer fiir
In the following list, all were brought out Clavier, op. 7 (Augsburg, 1799) ; Euterpens
at the Opera Comique in Paris except the Opfer am Altar der Gi-azien (1801); other
87
A LIBERT
collections of dances, etc., for pianoforte there and in the neighborhood. Obliged ;
Forty melodies for male voices (Muuich, to live in the country from 1827 ou account
183-1:) Fifty songs for two, three, and four of his health, he practised agriculture, pub-
;
voices (Esslingen) ; etc. Fetis. lished a method of instruction entitled

AUBEET, JACQUES (the elder), born " Grammaire musicale" in 1830, and, on the
in France, end of 17th century, died at organization of the National Ciuard through-
Belleville, near Paris, in 1753. He was out France, formed at Verneuil a militarj'
violinist 1727, first band of forty, which led to the institution
in the roj'al band in
violinist in the orchestra of the Oprra and of similar musical unions among the rural
in the Concerts Spirituels in 171:8, in which pojjulation. His compo.sitious, consisting of
year he became leader of the band and di- sonatas, and marches for the pianoforte,
rector of the Due de Bourbon's private mu- quartets, trios, and other chamber music,
sic. Works 5 books of violin sonatas, number 156 works, a complete list of which
:
with a bass 12 suites en trio; 2 books of may be found in Socii'to Philharmonique de

; :
concertos for four violins, violoncello, and I'Eure, de I'Orne et d'Eure-et-Loire (L'Aigle,
bass airs and minuets for two violins and Ginoux, 1866).
;
His comic opera, Les
bass La paix trioraphante, opera (1713)
; amants querelleurs, received at the Opera ;
Diane, ballet divertissement, (with Bour- Comique, was given at the Gj'mnase in
geois, 1721) Le ballet de 24 heures (1722); 1824, arranged as a vaudeville, for which
;
La reine des Peris, words by Fuselier purpose the author of the libretto had with-
(1725) La fete champetre et guerriere drawn it. Fetis do., Supplement, i. 30.
; ;
(174:6) Le ballet de Chantilly, cantata,

; AUDEAN, EDMOND, born at Lyons,
Paris, 1728. Fetis Grove. ; April 11, 1842, still
AUBEET, PIEEEE FEANgOIS OLI- living, 1888. Dra-
VIEE, born at Amiens in 1763, died (?). matic composer, son
Violoncellist, member of the orchestra of of the tenor Marius
the Opera Comique, Paris, for twenty-five Audran, pupil at the
years. Works 3 quartets for two violins,
: Ecole Niedermeyer,
viola, and violoncello, op. 1 (Ziirich, 1796) Paris, where he won ;
3 do., op. 2 3 duets for violoncellos, op.

; the prize for compo-
3 ; 3 do., op. 5 ; do., op. 6 ; do., oj). 7 ;
sition in 1859 ; set-
fitudes for violoncello, followed by thi-ee tled with his father,
duets and three sonatas, ofi. 8 8 books of in 1861, at Marseilles,
;
sonatas. He has also published two meth- where he is maltre de ehapelle at St. Joseph's.
ods for violoncello. Ft'tis. Works L'Ours et le Pacha, comic opera, :
AUBEEY DU BOULLEY, PEUDENT given at Grand Theatre, Marseilles, 1862 ;
LOUIS, born 9, La chercheuse d'esprit, ib., 1864

at Verneuil (Eure), La Niver-
Dec. ;
1796, died there, February, 1870. Instru- naise, ib., Gymnase, 1866 Le petit Poucet, ;
mental composer, tirst instructed by his operette, ib., 1868 Le grand Mogol, do., ;
father, who was a good musician. At the ib., 1877 Les noces d'Olivette, comic opera, ;
age of be was able to read music at Bouffes Parisiens, Paris, 1879 La maxcotle,
five ;
sight, and at ten played difficult concertos opera-bouffe, ib., 1880. Fetis, Supplement,
on the flute and on the horn. In 1808 he i. 33.
was sent to Paris, and studied at the Con- AUF HOHEN BEFEHL, comic opera,
servatoire, under Monsignj-, Mehul, and text and music by Carl Beinecke, repre-
Cherubini until 1815 ; returned to Ver- sented at the Stadttheater, Hamburg, Oct.
neuil, where he seized every opportunity 1, 1886. The libretto is an adaptation of
to take part in concerts, given by artists Eiehl's novel, "Ovid bei Hofe." It was
AUF
conclucted by the composnr, and met with tas (ib., 1099) ; Vesperte soleranissimse, op.
decided success. 5 (Augsburg, 1709) ; Alaudsc quinque, con-
AUF ! IM TRIUMPF ZUM CAPITOL. taining five masses, op. 6 (ib., 1711) ; Duo-
See Rienzi. dena offertoria, op. 7 (Pas.sau, 1719) ; Cym-
AUTFORDERUNG ZUM TANZ (Invi- balum Davidis vespertinum, op. 8 (ib.,
tation a la valse), rondo brillant for piano- 1729). Fetis SchiUing. ;
forte, by Weber, op. G.5, dedicated to bis AUGURIO DI FELICITA (The Happy
Caroline, composed 1819, first original edi- Augury), cantata for three voices, text by
tion, Berlin (Schlesinger).This happy in- Metastasio, music by Reutter, produced in
spiration must forever remain a standard SchOnbrunn, 17-19. Characters represented :
work. You seem to see the respectful lover Arciduchessa prima, Ai'ciduchessa seconda,
approaching the object of his affection, and Arciduchessa terza.
claiming her hand for the dance. The coy AULAGNIER, ANTONIN, born at j\[a-
damsel at first but half consents, but after nosque (Basses-Alpes) in 1800, still living,
some slight hesitation is persuaded. En- 1888 (?). Composer, pupil of Benoist at the
circled by the arm of her happy partner, Conservatoire, Paris, where he afterwards
she listens to the accents of passionate love established himself as a music publisher.
whispered in her ear, to which she replies Works 2 masses for three voices O Salu-
: ;
in subdued but encouraging tones. The taris, do. Domine, salvum fac regem, do.;
;
dance becomes more animated, and the hap- Variations, rondos, melanges, etc., for piano-
py swain carries his future bride through forte Square dances for several instru-
;
the mazy throng till the last chord of the ments Romances for one and two voices
; ;
exciting dance. Then demurely he bows Faux-bour<lons roraains et parisiens, for 3

his farewell. Among the different arrange- voices. Fetis.
ments of this piece, whose popularity is AULETTA, PIETRO, flourished in Italy,
unexampled, the following deserve special first half of the 18th century. Dramatic
mention One, with somewhat larger treat- composer, maestro di capjjella to the Prince
:
ment of the pianoforte, by Henselt, and a of Belvedere. Works Ezio, opera, given :
still more elaborate one, " with arabesques in Rome, 1728 U Marchese Sgrana, NajDles, ;
for concei't performance," by Tausig (See Teatro Nuovo, 1738 L" Amor costante, ib., ;
von Lenz, Drei grosse Klavier-Virtuosen) Teatro de' Fiorentini, 1739 Orazio, Venice,
; ;
one for eight hands, by Otto Dresel, and 1748 H Giocatore, H maestro di musica,
;
Berlioz's matchless transcription for full or- interludes, given in Paris, 1752. Domenico
chestra (See Berlioz, Mc' moires, 330). It Auletta, probably his son, is the author of
has also been arranged for soprano with an opera buffa. La loeandiei'a di si)irito,
pianoforte accompaniment, to the words, given in Naples about 1820. Fetis.

Vieni, o cara, etc. Benedict, 153. AUMANN, DIETRICH CHRISTIAN,
AUFFMANN, JOSEF ANTON XAVER, flourished about 1789 in Hamburg, where
born about 1720, died in 1778. Organist, he was organist. Works Choralbuch fiir :
and Kapellmeister at Kempten about 17.50. das neue Hamburgiselie Gesangbueh (Ham-
His three concertos for organ, with orches- burg, 1787) Hochzeit Cautate (ib., 1787) ; ;
tra (Augsburg, 175Jr), entitle him to remem- Oster Oratorium (ib., Matthiesen, 1788) ;
brance. Fetis ; Schilling. Das Hocheuauer Schiffgeschrei, for four

AUFFSCHNAITER, BENEDICT AN- voices, two violins, and bass. A comic opera,
TON, Kapellmeister beginning Das neue Rosenmiidchen, was given in Ham-
at Passau,
of the 17th century. Works Concors dis- burg, 1789. Gerber, N. Lex. Schilling.
: ;
cordia, consisting of six overtures (Nurem- ATOIONT, HENRI RAYJIOND, born in

berg, 1695) Dulcis fidium harmonica, sona- Paris, July 31, 1818, still living, 1888. Vio-
;

A UNA
liuist, pupil at the Conservatoire of Guerin tata ; The Stepmother, operetta ; Overtures
and of Baillot, wou the second prize for vio- for orchestra ; Pianoforte pieces ; Songs, etc.
lin in 1837, then studied composition until AUTERI-5L\NZOCCHI, SALVATORE,

1840. Works : Air varie, for violin and or- born at Palermo, Sicily, Dec. 25, 1845, still
chestra (Paris, Richault) ;Les caracteres, living, 1888. Dramatic composer, pupil of
three fantaisies for violin (ib., Challiot) ;
Platania, and in Florence of Mabellini.
Duo coucertant for pianoforte and violin Works : Marcellina ;Dolores, given at Flor-
(ib ) ; Fautaisie on a French theme, for do. ence, Teatro della Pergola, 1875 ; H Negri-
(ib.) on an Italian theme
; do. (ib.) ; do. on ero, Barcelona, 1878 ; Stella, Piaeenza, 1880.
a German theme (ib.). Fetis. Fetis, Sujjjjlement, i. 34.
A UNA FONTE. See Purilani. AUTRIVE, JACQUES FRAN(,'OIS D',
AU PLAISIR, A LA FOLIE. See Zampa. born at Saint-Quentin (Aisne), in 1758, died

AURELIANO IN PAL:MIRA (Aurelian in at Mons, Belgium, in December, 1824. Vio-
Palmyra), Italian opera, music by Rossini, linist, pupil of Jaruovich unfortunately ;
represented in Milan, 1811. It was unsuc- became deaf at the age of thirty-five, and
cessful,but some of its principal parts have thenceforth devoted himself more to com-
been preserved in other woi-ks of the composition. Works Several concertos, duets, :
poser. The melody of the first chorus, and other works for violin Songs. Fetis. ;
" Sposa del grande Osiride," which had jsre- AUVERGNE, See D'A n ivrgne.
viously done duty as a chorus in Giro in AUVERJAT, JEAN DE L', French
Babilonia, is now the cavatina of Almaviva, composer of clmi-ch music, maitre de mu-
" Ecco ridente in cielo," in II barhiere di sique of the Eglise des Innocents, Paris,
Siviglia, and the overture is now the intro- in the second half of the 17th centur3'.
duction to the same work, after having served Works : Missa, Iste confessor, for 4 voices
meanwhile as the overture to Elisabetta. (Paris, Ballard) ; Missa, Legem pone, do.
Aureliano failed also in London. Stendhal, (ib.) ; Missa, O gloriosa Domina, do. (ib.) ;
Vie de R. Edwards, Life of R., 65.

; Missa, Tu es Petrus, for 5 voices (ib.) ; Jlissa,
AURENHAMMER, JOSEFA, born in Ne moreris, do, ( ib ) ; Missa, Confitebor

Vienna about 1776, died there in 1841. Domine, do. (ib.) ; Missa, Fundamenta ejus,
Pianist, pupil of jMozart, Richter, and Kotze- do. (ib.). Fetis.

luch gave annual concerts at the Burg-
;
AUX JOURS DE DI]\IANCHE. See
theater, and was especially skilful iu extem- FausI, Gounod.
jjorizing, and varying a given theme. She ALTX PIEDS DE LA MADONE. See
composed 63 works for her instrument. Zawpa.
Mendel Schilling. ; A U X C O U S T E AU X (Hautcousteaux),
AURISICCHIO, ANTONIO, flourished ARTHUR, born iu Beauvais, Picardy (Ma-
about 1750 in Rome, where he died young. quin) or Saint Quentin (Gomart), died in
Maestro di cappella at S. Giacomo degli 1656. He was a singer in the church of
Spagnuoli, Rome. His works consist of Noyon (1627) music teacher in the College ;
psalms, motets, cantatas, and masses, and of Saint-Quentin, maitre de la Sainte Cha-
an opera, Attalo, given in London, 1758. pelle, and haut-contre in the chapel of Louis
I
Ft'tis. Xni., Paris. From the advanced style of

AU SEUL PLAISm FIDDLE. See his music he is thought by Fctis to have
Robert le Diable. studied the Italian composers. He was the
AUSSI NOMBREUX QUE
LES author of numerous masses and chansons,
ETOILES. See I'rophrte. among which is a collection of chansons
AUSTIN, WALTER, English composer, dedicated to Molt'-. Grove ; Fetis ; Men-
contemporary. Works The Fii-e King, can- del, i. 306
: ; Nouv. biog. gen.
90
; ;;
AVARO
AVMIO, L' (The Miser), Italian opera, ISth century, died about 1786. Dramatic
music by Anfossi, represented in 1775 composer and violoncellist. Works ; Bere-
music by Sarti, Venice, 1777 music by ; about 1730 H
nice, ojjera, given at Najales ;
Rutiui, Rome, 1789 music by J. S. Mayr,

; mondo della luna, do., ib., about 1732 ;
Venice, 1799 music by Orlandi, Bologna,

; Gioa, rii di Giuda, oratorio La morte ;
1801 music by Josef Haydn, Paris, 1802

;
;
d' Abele, do. Twelve sonatas for violin and
;
music by Bianchi, Paris, 1804 music by ; violoncello, op. 1 (Amsterdam, 1732) Duets ;
Fioravanti, about 1804 music by Cordelia, ; for violinand violoncello. Tlie manuscript
Naples, about 1810 music by Conte Miari,
; scores of his two oratorios are in the Royal
Venice, 1811 music by Savij, Parma,
; Library at Berlin. Peti.s.
1840 ; music by Quarenghi, 1863 mu- ; AVVISO AI MARITATI, L' (Advice to
sic by C. Brizzi, Bologna, 1877. L' avaro the Married), Italian opera bufta, music by
burlato (The Miser Tricked), Italian comic Cimarosa, represented in Najile.s, 1780; mu-
opera, by Giovanni Puisiello, Prague, 1784 by Isouard, his first opera, Florence,
; sic
by Giuseppe Sborgi, 1873 by Margaria, music by J. S. Mayr, Venice, 1798
; 1795 ;
Turin, 1877. L' avai-o deluso (The Miser music by Caruso, Rome, 1810 nuisic by ;
Deluded), by Sacchini, Loudon, 1778. L' Henri Cohen, written for Naples, 1838, but
avaro punito (The Miser Punished), by Ga- not produced.
lujjpi, about 1760. AWAKE, MY SOUL, hymn, music by
AVE, VERUM CORPUS,
motet for Franrois Hippolyte Barthelemon, written in
chorus, with string accompaniment, by Mo- London, about 1780.
zart, composed at Baden, near Vienna, in AXUR, RI5 D' ORMUS. See Tarare.
June, 1791. AYLWARD, THEODORE, born in 1731,
AVELA, TOMiSO LULS VITTORIO died in London, Feb. 27, 1801. He was
D', Spanish comisoser, living about the awarded a prize medal by the Catch Club
close of the 16th century. He published the in 1769, and became professor of music
in
following work Motecta festorum totius Gresham College in 1771
:
organist and ;
anni cum communi sanctorum, quatuor, choirmaster at St. George's Chapel, Wind-
quiuque, sex et octo vocibus (Rome, 1585). sor, in 1788. Mus. Doc, Oxford, 1791.
Fetis. Works : 6 lessons for the hari^sichord, or-
AVISON, CHARLES, born Newcas- gan, or pianoforte, op. 1 Elegies and glees,
at ;
tle-upon-Tyne, England, in 1710, died there op. 2 (1785) Music for the dramas
Harle- ;
May 10, 1770. Vocal comjjoser and or- quin's Invasion, Midsummer Night's Dream,
ganist, pupil of Geminiani studied also in etc. 8 canzonets for two sopranos Glees
;
; ;
Italy. In 1736 he became organist of the Church music. Grove.

Church of St. Nicholas, Newcastle. He was AYRTON, EDMUND, born at Ripon,
the author of " An Essay on Musical Ex- England, in 1734, died in
Westminster,
pression" (1752), and he edited, with John London, May 22, 1808. Organist, pupil of
Garth, of Durham,
organist Marcello's Dr. Nares. He was elected, when quite
Psalms adapted to English words. young, organLst of the collegiate church of
(1757),
Works 5 concertos for a full band of Southwell became in 1764 a gentleman of
:
;
stringed instruments 2 sets of sonatas for the Chapel Royal, and

;
soon after vicar-choral
harpsichord and two violins Quartets and of St. Paul's, and one of the lay
;
clerks of
trios. The once popular air, " Sound the loud Westminster
Abbey. In 1780, on the res-
timbrel," is adapted from one of his concer- ignation of Dr.
Nares, he was appointed
tos. Hawkins Grove Brand, Newcastle. master of the children of His Majesty's
; ;
AVONDANO, PIETRO ANTONIO, born chapels, which post lie held until 1805. He
^
at Naples about the beginning of the received the degree of Mus. Doc. from the
;
AZEMIA
Uuiversity of Cambridge in 1784, aud was mia was one of the most remarkable crea-
j
afterwards admitted ad eundem by the Uni- tions of Mme Kosalie Dugazon (nee Le-
versity of Oxford. He was given tliis for fevre, born in Berlin in 1755, died in Paris,
bis autbem, Begin unto my God with tim- Sept. 22, 1821), who played with unvarying
brels, w^hich was performed in St. Paul's success until 1806, when she retired from
Cathedral, July 28, 1784, the day of general the stage. The classes of parts in which
thanksgiving for the termination of the she excelled are still known on the French
American Revolutionary War. Works Two stage as "jeunes Dugazon" and "meres
:
complete morning and evening services, sev- Dugazon."

eral anthems, and other church composi-
tions. William Ayrton (born Feb. 24, 1777,
died May 8, 1858), musical critic and editor, BA.\KE, FEEDINAND GOTTFRIED,
was his son. born at Heudeber, near Halberstadt,
AZEIVIIA, French opera-comique in three Prussian Saxony, April 15, 1800, still liv-
ing, 1888. Pianist and organist, pupil of
the brothers Samuel and Karl MiiUer at
Halberstadt, of Hummel at Weimar, and, in
theory, of Friedrich Schneider at Dessau.
He was organist at Halberstadt, Wolfen-
biittel, and Miihlhauseii, but returned to
Halberstadt in 1838 to conduct a singing
society, and has done much for the promo-
tion of musical life there. Works : 6 songs,
op. 1 (LeiiJsic, Breitkopf & Hiirtel) ; 6 polo-
naises for pianoforte, op. 2 (ib.) ; Rondo for
do., op. 3 (Berlin, Trautwein) 6 songs, op. ;
5 (ib.) Grand variations on an original

;
theme, op. 4 (Mainz, Sehott) Grand sonata ;
for pianoforte, oj). 6 (Leipsic, Breitkopf &

Hiirtel) Odeon, collection of new composi-
;
tions, 1st and 2d vol. (Wolfenbiittel, Hart-

manu) Variations and rondo, op. 9 (ib.)
; ;
Amusement, for pianoforte, op. 10 (ib.) So- ;
natine, op. 12 (ib.) ; 12 waltzes, op. 11

(Leipsic, Hofmeister) Prelude for organ
;
(Erfurt, Kih-ner) ; Songs for four voices,

with pianoforte, op. 13 (Halberstadt, Frantz);
Azemia.
Male choruses for four voices, op. IG (ib.)
Dugazon as
Salve Regina, for four voices, with orches-
acts, text by Lachabeaussi^re, original sub- tra Die Verklarung des ErlOsers im Tode,
;
ject, music by Dalayrac, represented at the cantata, performed in Halberstadt Cathe-
Italieus, Paris, May 3, 1787. One of the dral, 1822. Fi'tis Mendel. ;
composer's best works. Its "Ah! que je BA.\L, ERHORE UNS, chorus of Priests
sens d'impatience, mon cher pays, de te re- of Baal, in Mendelssohn's Elian, Part I.
voir," had a universal popularity. Like BABAN, GRACIAN, musical director
other of the composer's works, the finale is of the Cathedral of Valencia, Spain, in
notable for the skilful and fluent treatment 1G50-65. Masses and motets, written by
of the choral parts. The character of Aze- him for several choirs, are preserved there.
BABBI
BABBI, CRISTOFORO, born at Ceseua, BACCI, PIETRO GIACOMO, born at
Italy, iu died at Dresden in 1814. Perugia about the middle of the 17th cen-
17i8,
Violinist, pupil of Paolo Albergbi became, tury.
; He composed the opera Abigail,
iu 17',)0, Coiizeitmeister to the Elector of given at Citta della Pieve, Province of Pe-
Saxony. Works Concertos for the violin rugia, in 1691. Fotis.
:
;

Symphonies for church and chamber Quar- BACCUSI, IPPOLITO, lived iu Verona,
;
tets and duets for the flute Augusta, can- Italy, latter half of the 16th centur}-.
; He
tata (1789). Mendel Schilling.
; was maestro di cappella of the Cathedral of
BABELL, WILLIAM, born in England Verona in 1.590. His works include masses,
in lU'JU, died iu Loudon in 1723. Violinist madrigals, motets, and psalms, published
and organist, iûjsil of Dr. Pepusch was a in Venice during his lifetime (1592) by
;
member of the Royal Baud of Music and Gardpiio, Vincenti, and Ramjiazetti others ;
organist of All -Hallows Church, Bread are in the volume dedicated to Palestrina
Street, London. Works 12 solos for vio- by fourteen Italian composers, and in oth-
:
lin or oboe 12 solos for flute or oboe 6 er publications of the day. Baccusi was
;
;
concertos for octave flutes and violins. amoug the first to introduce instruments
BACCELLI, DOMENICO, an accomjianimeut to the voices iu
Italian dra- as
matic composer of the ISth century. He church singing, and this system is applied
went to Paris iu 17GG with his wife, an in two volumes of his works, one contain-
actress of reputation, and iu 1770 success- ing vesiêr jssalms and two magnificats the ;
fully produced the comic opera, Le uouveau title of the other book is Hip25olyti Bac- :
marie, ou les imjiortuns, at the Comedie Veronse musicse magistri,

cusi, Eccl. Cath.
Italieune. In 1779 he returned to Italy. missse voce turn omni in-
tres, tuni viva
BACCELLI, Padre MATTEO, born at strumentorum genere cantatu accommoda-
Lucca about 1680, died there in 175G. tissimte, cum octo vocibus (Amadiuo, Ven-
Church comjjoser, jii'ofessor of music at ice, 1596). Fetis.
the seminary of San Giovanni. He wrote BACH. The Bach familj' jiresents by far
masses, graduals, motets, and psalms for the most remarkable instance of hereditarj'
four voices, a Domine, a Dixit, and a Mag- genius in all history. In seven con.secutive
nificat for do., with instrumental accompa- generations we can count no less than forty-
niment. Fetis, Supplement, i. 36. nine musicians, of whom at least twenty de-
BACCHINI, CESARE, born in Flor- serve to be classed as important figures in
ence in 1816. Dramatic comjjoser, pujjil musical history. Of the eldest member of
of Aniehini on the jjianoforte and in har- the family to whom the genealogy is trace-
mony, of Giovacchino Giovacchini on the able, Hans Bach, nothing is known save
violin, and of Mabellini in composition. that he
was one of the trustees of the Parish
Works Operas
II quadro jjarlante, given
:
(Gemeinde-Vormundschaftsglied) of Wech-
at Florence, 1871 La secchia rapita (with
; mar, a little town near Gotha, in 1561. The
Deschamps, Felice, Giraldini, Tacchinardi, first musical member of the family was Veit
and Usiglio), ib., Teatro Goldoni, April, Bach (probablj' sou of this Hans), who has
1872 La caeciata del Duco d' Ateue, ib.,
; generally been looked upon as the head of
Teatro Pagliano, Feb. 1871 Delmira, ib., the family tree. He was a miller or baker
;
Dec. 5, 1878. Fetis, Supplement, i. 36. (possibly both), and used to delight in play-
BACCHUS AND ARIADNE. See Ari- ing on the cythringen (diminutive for cith-
anna. ara, an instrument of the guitar tribe) he ;
BACCHUS, EVER FAIR AND YOUNG, left his native place, and settled somewhere
bass air in F major, iu Handel's Ale.rander's in Hungary a tradition, probably origi-
;
Feast, Part I. nated by Korabiusky, fixes Presburg as the

BACH
place, but this is wholly without authentic Leipsic he afterwards studied law at the
;
fouudation. Be may, the Jesuit universities at Leijssic and Frankfort-ou-

this as it
troubles in Hungary, under Eudolph 11., the-Oder, but his
drove Veit, with other Lutherans, from the passion for music
country (probably before 1597), and he re- was so strong that
turned to Wechmar. How many children he studied the art
he had is not known. The genealogy men- more thoroughly
tions a Lips Bach (died Oct. 10, 1G20), three than is generally
of whose sons are said to have been sent the case with ama-
to Italy, by the reigning Count of Schwarz- teurs, and, when
burg-Arnstadt, to study music. But it is he went to Frank-
merely conjectural that Lips was Veit's son, fort, was already a
and a good deal of evidence points to the cultivated musician

rest of the story being apocryphal. It is and a brilliant clavecinist. He conducted a
known, however, with tolerable certainty, singing society there, for which he com-
that Veit had at least two sous one was : posed some music, and at last gave up the
Hans (known as " der Spielmann ") the ; law and chose music for his profession. In
name of the other is not known possibly it ;
1746 he went to Berlin, and was made
may have been Lijjs. But Hans and his chamber-musician and clavecinist to Fred-
unnamed brother were the heads of the two erick the Great. He had, however, to give
main branches of the Bach family, which up this jjosition 1757 at the first violent
in
branches unite in Veit. Both branches were outbi'eak of the Seven Years' War. He
rich in musicians, all of whom studied in went to Hamburg, where he took the direc-
Germany, a very notalsle fact at a period tion of the music in a church, and in 1767
when it was the almost universal custom for succeeded Telemann as Musikdirector of
musicians of any standing to go to Italy to the principal church there, which post he
finish their musical education. In course continued to hold until his death. Emanuel
of time Arnstadt, Erfurt, Steinach, and Bach was one of the least musically gifted
Meiuingen became the headquarters, so to of Sebastian's sons, but his power of work,
speak, of the family, which was a singularly and especially his great intelligence and
united one, very distant cousins (in younger general culture, stood him in such good
generations) living on terms of the greatest stead that he is certainly the most famous
intimacy, and mutually helloing one another of them. The influence he exerted upon
in their profession. The predominant fam- the subsequent development of the art of
ily traits, apart from a genius for music, music can hardly be overrated he is prob-
;
which grew apace until the fourth genera- ably the most important figure in the trans-
tion after Veit Bach, were a certain persist- ition period between Sebastian Bach and
ent honesty and kindliness of character, an Handel on the one hand, and Haydn and
almost childlike religious faith and adhe- Mozart on the other. In his works we find
rence to the Lutheran Church, a great ca- the germs (and something more) of the cy-
pacity for hard work, and an equally great clical forms (sonata, symphony) and the
incapacity for living unmarried. homophonic style of composition which be-
BACH, (CARL) PHILIPP EMANUEL long to the later period of modern music-.
[20], born at Weimar, March 14, 1714, died He
also anticipated, to some extent, the
at Hamburg, Sept. (Dec. ?) 14, 1788. The change in treatment of the orchestra which
third son of Sebastian [15]. His father was completed by Haydn and his successors.
originally intended him to study philoso- He is especially important in the history of
phy, and sent him to the Thomas-schule at pianoforte playing. In his great theoretical
94
;
BACH
work, wahre Art das musicians in Erfurt, whence he went, in
"Versuch liber die
Clavier zu spielen," he explained and devel- 1653 or 1654, to Ai-nstadt, where he re-
oped the j)rinciples set down hj his father. mained until his death.
He thus may be regarded as the true foun- BACH, GEORG CHRISTOPH [7], born
der of the modern schools of pianoforte at Erfurt, Sept. 6, 1642, died at Schwein-
playing. As a composer be was elegant, furt, April 24, 1697. Eldest sou of Chris-
finished, and pleasing rather than great, but toph Bach [3]. He was at first employed
he was the man of all others best fitted to (in what cajDacity is not known) at a school
advance the art of music in his day. As a in the little town of Heinrichs, near Suhl.
performer he was one of the greatest of his In 1668 he was called to Themar, near
"
time. known as the " Berlin Meiningen, where he became
He is often cantor, and
or "Hamburg'" Bach. Works Instrumen- twenty years later he moved to Schwein-
tal IS symphonies for orchestra Bi mis- furt, where he held the same position until
: ;
cellaneous pieces for wind instruments 11 his death. A composition of his for three ;
trios for flute, violin, and bass 7 do. for 2 male voices, with string accompaniment, on
;
violins and bass 4 for various instruments the text of a psalm, was once in the posses-
; ;
2 concertos for oboe (also for pianoforte) ;

sion of Philipp Emanuel Bach, but has since
i do. for flute 3 do. for violoncello 12 been lost. He is notable as the ancestor of
; ;
soli for flute 2 do. for viola di gamba ;

the branch of the Bach family which mi- ;
Solo for oboe do. for violoncello do. for grated to Francouia, and several members
; ;
liarp ; Duet for flute and violin ; do. for 2 of w^hich were excellent musicians. Spitta,
violins do. for 2 clarinets. For ijianoforte
;
i. : 152.
52 concertos, 3 quartets, 59 trios, 195 sona- BACH, HANS [1], born at Wechmar
tas, 15 sonatinas, 24 minuets, 21 polonaises, about 1580, died there, Dec. 26, 1626. Son
4 duets, 9 solfeggi, 1 fugue, 2 marches, 24 of Veit Bach, and great-grandfather of Se-
minor jîeces, 9 symphonies arranged. Vo- bastian Bach [15]. Generally known as
cal 2 oratorios. Die hraelilcn in der Wiiste, "der Spielmann."
:
Besides being a profes-
and Die Auferstehung und Himmelfahrt sional 'Kunstpfeiifer " {i.e., j)layer on vari-
Jesu 22 Passions Many can11-
;
ous orchestral instruments), he was a car-
;
tatas ; Psalms, motets, hymns,pet weaver by trade. He was well known

etc. ; Sanctus for 2 choirs about Gotha, Arnstadt, Erfurt, Eisenach,
Melodies to Gellert's sacrec and Suhl, and had his portrait taken four
songs Choruses, arias,
;
secular songs, etc. times, a thing which, in those days, hap-
Allgem. d. Biogr., i. 744 Bitter, C. Ph. pened only to notabilities. Spitta, i. 8.
;
E. Bach, etc. (Berlin, 1868) ; Ft'tis ; Grove BACH, HEINRICH [4], bom at Wech-
Mendel ; Schilling. mar, Sept. 16, 1615, died at Ai-nstadt, July
BACH, CHRISTOPH [3], born at Wech- 10, 1692. Youngest son of Hans Bach [1],
mar, April 19, 1613, died at Arnstadt, Sept. and head of the Arnstadt line was taught ;
14, 16G1. The second of the thi-ee musical the violin by his father, but, even when a
sons of Hans Bach [1], and grandfather of boy, his taste led him to the organ, which
Sebastian Bach [15]. He was a professional he studied under his elder brother, Johann
musician (Kunstpfeifl'er), and attached to [2]. In 1641 he became organist at the
the household of the Duke of Weimar in Liebfrauen-Kirche, Arnstadt, which post he
that capacity ; also as " servant." About held for over fifty years. He inherited his
1640 he went to Prettin, in Saxony, where father's cheerful disposition, and his char-
he married Maria Magdalena Grabler, whose acter was such that he was beloved and re-
father was probably town-musician there. spected by the whole community. He was one
lu 1642 he was member of a company of of the best organists of his time. Only one
95
; ;
BACH
of his works has been preserved, an organ- ing his Erfurt position to his cousin Johann
piece on the chorale, " Christ lag in Todes Jj^gidius [0]. The mental and physical like-

Bauden." Johauu Gottfried Olearius, Fu- ness between him and his twin brother was
neral Sermon (Arustadt, 1692) Spitta, 28. so great that their own wives could not tell
; i.
BACH, JAIvOB [5], born at Wolfsbehr- them apart. He married Elisabeth Lilm-
ingen, 1655, died at Euhla, 1718. Son of merhirt, April 8, 1008, and had the follow-
Wendel Bach, and generally recognized as ing children 1. Infant, died soon after :
the head of the Meiningen line of Bachs. birth 2. Johann Christoph [13] 3. Johann
; ;
He was cantor in Steinbach, and, from Balthasar (born March 4, 1073, died April,
1694 to his death, in Euhla. He was the 1091) 4. Johann Jonas (born Jan. 3, 1675) ;
first teacher of Johann Theodore Romhild. 5. Maria Salome (born May 27, 1077) 6. ;
Spitta, i.,11. Johanna Juditha (born Jan. 20, 1080) 7. ;
BACH, JOHANN [2], born at "Weehmar, Johann Jakob [14] 8. Johann Sebastian ;

Nov. 26, 1604, died at Erfurt, May 13, 1673. [15]. Funeral sermon by Valentin Schron
Eldest son of Hans Bach [1]. He was ap- on Dorothea Maria Bach (Eisenach, 1097) ;
prenticed to Hoffmann, " Stadtpfeifer " in now in the Ducal Librarj', Gotha Spitta, ;
Suhl, and became organist there and in 1.54, 171. i.
Schweinfurt. After a restless life during BACH, JOHANN BERNHARD [12],
the Thirty Years' War, he settled in Erfurt born at Erfurt, Nov. 23, 1676, died at Ei-
as director of the Raths-Musikanten, Sept. senach, June 11, 1749. Second son of Jo-
27, 1635, and became organist at the Pre- hann ^gidius Bach [6]. He was organist
diger-Kirehe, probably in 1647. He was a at the Kaufmanns-Kirche at Erfurt, and
true Bach in the strict morality of his life, afterwards at Magdeburg ; was called to
and his influence upon music in Erfurt, Eisenach in 1703 to succeed the great Jo-
where he lived during the greater jiart of hann Christoph [10] as organist at the St.
his life, was such that the town-musicians Georgen-Kirche and other churches. Be-
were known as " the Bachs " down to the came also cembalist in the orchestra of
second half of the 18th century. He was I
Johann Wilhelm, Duke of Sachsen-Eise-
the head of the Erfurt line of Bachs. nach. He was one of the best organ com-
Spitta, i. 15. posers of his day. His style was much
BACH, JOHANN ^GIDIUS [6J, born like that of Pachelbel. Of his works there
at Erfurt, Feb. 9, 1045, died there in 1717. still exist four suites for orchestra, a
Second son of Johann Bach [2]. He was
few short pieces for harjisichord, several
viola plaj'er among the town-musicians un- arrangements of chorales for organ. Eight
der his father's directorsliii) became, later, of the latter are in the collection made by Jo-
;
organist at the St. Michaelis-Kirche, and hann Gottfried Walther of Weimar. Tliree
succeeded his elder brother as Raths-Musik- volumes of this are in the Royal Library at
director in 1082. Spitta, i. 23. Berlin, a fourth in the Royal Library in
BACH, JOHANN AjNIBROSIUS [8], born KiJnigsberg, and a fifth in the possession
Eisenach of Herr Frankenberger in Sondershausen.
at Erfurt, Feb. 22, 1045, died at
in 1095. Second son of Christoph Bach [3] Tlie orchestral suites are in the Royal Li-
and twin brother of Johann Christoph [9], brary in Berlin.- Spitta, i. 24.
also father ofJohann Sebastian Bach [15]. BACH, JOHANN CHRISTIAN [23],
He studied the viola under his father, and called the Milanese or the English Bach,
entered the association of the " Raths-Musi- born at Leipsic in 1735, died in London,
kanten " at Erfurt in 1667, taking the place 1782. Youngest son of Johann Sebastian,
of his cousin Johann Christian [5]. In after whose death he went to Berlin to
I
October, 1071, he settled in Eisenach, leav- study under his brother Philipp Emanuel
!
96
;
BACH
but, being of a verj' convivial nature, he (1772) ; The Litercession (1767) Salve Ee- ;
soon tired of the strict discipline and went gina ; Magnificat, for two voices and orches-
in 1754 to Milan, tra ; Laudati pueri, for do.; Gloi'ia for four
where he became voices and orchestra Te Deum, and other ;
organist of the church music 15 symphonies for eight

;
cathedral, and instruments Sj-mphonie concertante

; 18 ;
rapidly made him- concertos for pianoforte ; 6 quintets for

self popular with flute and violin ; 30 trios or sonatas for
the masses by pianoforte, violin, and bass ; 6 trios for vio-
ministering to the lins ; 6 quartets for do.; 2 quintets for
fashionable taste, 2)ianoforte, flute, and violon-
oboe, viola,
thus degrading cello ;

Quartet for pianoforte, two violins,
and wasting hia and bass ; 12 so-
extraordinary tal- natas for piano- /O y^ t) O
ent. To be able to devote himself entirely to forte
dramatic composition, he accepted a call to four hands
; Sonata for
^
; do.
^ * ^ '/OCL..d^
London in 1763, and won abi'illiant, though for two piano-

not a lasting success. Almost immediately fortes. Allgem. d. Biogr., i. 747; Allgem.
on his arrival, he was appointed music master Mus. Zeitg., viii. 811 Bitter, Carl Phil. ;
to the queen and royal family. His oj)eras Em. Bach, etc., ii. 140 Burney, iv. 480, ;
found great favour through their melody 486 ;

Grove Mendel
Fctis Schilling
; ; ; ;
and lively instrumentation, to which he Schubart, Ideeu zu ehier Aesthetik der Ton-
imparted a novel charm by the more fre- kuust, 201.
quent use of wind instruments he was also ; BACH, JOHANN CHRISTOPH [10],
the first to abolish the frequent and tedious born at Arnstadt, Dec. 8, 1642, died at Ei-
da capo in the great arias. That he did not senach, March 31, 1703. The eldest son of
lack the sense of the truly beautifid and Heinrich Bach [4] studied under his fa- ;
sublime, in spite of his frivolous turn of ther. He was called in 1665 to Eisenach,
mind, is proven by his few religious com- where he was appointed organist in several
positions and symphonies, characterized by churches, notably the St. Georgeukirche.
a touch of grandeur. By his elegant style From 1()96 to his death he had free lodg-
of comjjosition he vastly promoted the love ings in the mint, and was probably court
for pianoforte playing, and in his concertos organist after Pachelbel's resignation in
essentially amplified the technique of the in- 1678. On the 23d Sunday after Trinity,

strument. Works Oj>eras: Catoue, given 1667, he was married to Maria Elisabeth
in Milan, 1758, London, 1764 Orione os- Wedemaun, whose father was town clerk at
;
sia Diana vendicata, Zanaide, London, 1763 Eisenach. Johann Christoph was unques-
;
Berenice, pasticcio (with Hasse, Galuppi, tionably the greatest of all the Bachs ex-
and Ferradini), ib., 1764 Adriano in Siria, cejjting Johann Sebastian [15] he was not
; ;
ib., 1764 Carattaco, ib., 1767

; Olimpiade, only one of the best organists and greatest
;
pasticcio, Vienna, 1769 Ezio, do., 1769

; Si- contrapuntists of his daj', but one of the
;
face, London, about 1771 Temistocle, Paris, most important composers of the whole
;
1772 Lucio Silla, ib., 1774 La clemenza 17th centui-y.

; ; None of his works were
di Scipione, Breslau, about 1733 Amadis published, and most of them have been
;
des Gaules, Paris, 1779 ; Gioas, re de Giuda, lost,but they were held in the highest
oratorio, King's Theatre, 1770. Cantatas : esteem by Sebastian Bach and his son
Die Amerikanerin ; Rinnldo ed Armida Philipp Emanuel, and the few choral com-
Amor vincitore ; Aurora ; Endimiono positions of his that have been preserved
BACH
show him to have beeu the great spiritual ter his death, by his second son, Johann
forerunner of Sebastian Bach, and perhaps Bernard Bach. Spitta, i. 171, 181.
still more of Handel. Like most of the BACH, (JOHANN CHRISTOPH)
family, he was wholly free from Italian in- FRIEDRICH [21], called the Biickeburg
fluence, and in -vigour of inspiration and Bach, born at Leipsic, June 29, 1732, died
perfection of form and style his works far at Buckeburg, Jan. 26, 1795. Ninth son
surpass those of his German contemporaries. and pupil of Johann Sebastian studied ;
His more important works were A sort of : law at the University of Leipsic, but took
oratorio, Der SLreit zwischen Michael und up music and became Ka-
as a profession,
dem Teufel (text from Eevelations, xii. pellmeister to Schaumburg-
the count of
7-12), for double chorus, orchestra, and or- Lippe at Buckebui-g, which he left only
gan. Sebastian had it performed at Leip- once to visit London for a few mouths.
sic, as Philipjj Emanuel did in Hamburg. Although lacking the great talent of his
The score is the " Alt-Bachischen Archive," brothers, he was a worthj' disciple of his
now in the Berlin Library. Eight motets father, whose character and kindne.ss of
are in the " Musica Sacra " of the Berlin heart he had also inherited. Works: Ino,
Dom-Chor, and others are in Naue's "Neun cantata for a voice, with 2 violins, viola,
motette . von Johann Christoph
. . and bass ; The Youth of Christ, biblical
und Johann Michael Bach " (Leipsic, Hof- tableau, for 4 voices, 2 violins, viola, basso
meister). A few unimportant organ and continuo, 2 flutes, and 2 horns ; The Res-
harpsichord works stiU remain. Sjsitta, i. urrection of Lazarus, oratorio, for 4 voices
37, 4L and orchestra Cantata for do. (1787) Can-
; ;
BACH, JOHANN CHRISTOPH [9], born tata for Ascension, for 4 voices, 2 violins,
at Erfurt, Feb. 22, 1645, died at Arnstadt, viola, and basso continuo 2 motets for 4 ;
Aug. 25, Third son of Christoph

1693. voices ; Symphony for 2 violins, viola, bass,
Bacli [3], and twin brother of J. Ambrosius 2 clarinets, bassoon, and 2 horns ; Pygma-
Bach [8]. After studying under his father, lion, theatrical cantata ; 2 concertos for
he was made court musician at Arnstadt in pianoforte and orchestra Trio for flute, ;
1G71, where he also assisted his uncle Hein- violin, and bass Trio for 2 vioUns and
;
rich Bach [-1] in the church music. In 1681 bass ; Arias with orchestra ; 6 quartets for
he was discharged, but was reinstated again flute and strings; 6 do. for violins; Sona-
in 1682, and made Stadtpfeifer besides. tas ; Musikalisches Vielerley, a collection of
His principal instrument was the violin. miscellaneous pieces Musikalische Neben-
;
Spitta, i. 154 stunden, do. Munter's geistliche Lieder,

;
BACH, JOHANN CHRISTOPH [13], etc.

Bittex-, Carl Phil. Em. Bach, etc.
born at Erfurt, June 16, 1671, died at (Berlin, 1868), ii. 131 Fetis Mendel. ; ;
Ohrdruff. Feb. 22, 1721. Eldest grown-up BACH, JOHANN ERNST [18], born
son of J.Ambrosius Bach [8] and brother at Eisenach, Sept. 1, 1722, died there, Jan.
of Sebastian Bach [15]. Studied from 1686 28, 1777. Only son of Johann Bernhard
to 1689 under Pachelbel, and in the latter Bach [12], he entered the Thomasschule at
j'eartook the position of organist at the Leij^sic about 1735, and studied law at the
Thomaskii'che, but soon afterwards went to university there. In 1748 he became as-
Arnstadt to assist the old Heinrich Bach sistant organist to his father, and succeeded
[4]. In 1690 became organist of the Stadt- him after his death. In 1756 he was made
kirche in Ohrdruff, where he remained Kapellmeister at Weimar, but continued to
until his death. He was Sebastian Bach's live at Eisenach. As a church composer he
first clavier teacher, and was probably an was decidedly superior to most of his con-
excellent organist. He was succeeded, af- temporaries, albeit he lived in the tran-

BACH
between Sebastian Bach and
sition period fine voice and musical education aided liim
obtaining, in 1700, a position in the

Haydu, a period of general decadence in in
vocal composition. A list of bis existing choir of St. Michael's at Luneburgs where
choral works is given in Spitta, i. 849. the church library offered him rich treas-
of his compositions for clavier are ures for the study of the old as
well as liv-
Some
"
published in Pauer's "Alte Claviermusik masters, from ^vhose works he chiefly
intr
(Leipsic, B. Senff). The IMSS. of a Fan- studied composition through his own ef-
tasia and Fugue in A minor, and a Sonata forts. Georg Br.hm, the cantor at St.
in A major, are in the Berlin Library. John's,seems to have exerted a personal in-
Spitta, i. S-IS. fluence upon him, and the vicinity of Ham-
BACH, JOHANN INIICHAEL [11], born burg induced him to undertake various pe-
at Arnstadt, Aug. 9, 1048, died at Gehren, destrian trips, in order to hear the famous
May, 1694. Third son of Heinricb Bach organists Reiukeu and Vincenz Liibeck.
[4] and younger brother of the great At Celle, which he visited frequently, he
Johann Christoph Bach [10]. He was a became acquainted with French instrumen-
court.
pupil and, later, an assistant of his fathei-'s. tal music, zealously cultivated at that
In 16TS he was made organist in Gehren, About Easter of 1703 he went to Weimgx
of the
near Arnstadt. The house he lived in is as violinist to Johann Ernst, brother
still standing. Besides his official duties rei"-ning duke, and in the summer of the
as organist, and his great activity as a same year was elected organist of the new
composer, he also devoted much time to church at Arnstadt.- In the autumn of
tlie manufacture of harpsichords, violins, 1705 he visited Liibeck to make the ac-
etc. His youngest daughter, Maria Bar- quaintance of Buxtehude, and was so much
bara Bach (born at Gehren, Oct. 20, 1684, attracted by this famous master of the or-
died at Cothen, July 7, 1720), was the first gan that he did not return to his duties
wife of Sebastian Bach [15]. With the until February, 1706. In the year following
Miihl-
exception of his brother, Johann Christoph, he accepted a position as organist at
Johann Michael was the greatest Bach of hausen, and married his cousin, Maria Bar-
his generation the former shone bara, daughter of Michael Bach in 1708
; while ;
more choral composition, the he was called to Weimar as court organist,

especially in
instrumental works of the latter were nota- and, being chamber musician at the same
bly fine. Yet a finer feeling for musical time, he was made Concertmeister in 1714.
form characterizes the elder brother. His activity at Weimar was devoted princi-
BACH, J0H.4.NN SEBASTIAN pally to organ and to church miisic,

tlie
born at Eisenach, and thence his fame as the first organist

probably March of his time and as a composer began to
21, baptized si^read. During the autumn vacation he
March 23, 1685, used to travel, and thus visited Halle in
died at Leipsic, 1713 and 1716, Cassel (before 1714), Leip-
July 28, 175 sic in 1714, and Dresden in 1717. At the
One of the great- last place he found the much-admired
est masters of all French player Marchand, who evaded

ages, son of Am- Bach's challenge for a musical contest by
b ros i u s Bach taking himself off on the very morning of
(1645-95), from whom he received his the day agreed upon. In November of the
first instruction on the violin, and after same year he was called by Prince
Leopold
whose death he was taken in charge by his of Aniinlt to CiVtheju as Kapellmeister and
elder brother Christoph at Ohrdruff. His director of his chamber music ; and he de-
BACH
voted himself there principaUy to instru- cred cantatas, of which he wrote altogether
lueutal music. The life at Cothen was in- five sets for every Sunday and feast-day in
terrupted only by a few journeys to Carls- the year only 226 of these are known.
; ;
bad, whither he had to accompany the His outward life was now simple and un-
prince several times, to Leipsic in 1717, to eventful he often visited Dresden, espe-
;
Halle in 1719, where he tried to make the cially since his son Friedemann had become
acquaintance of Haudel, who had, however, organist there, and because he liked to at-
left for England on the day tend the Italian oj)era, which flourished un-
of Bach's arri-
val. In July, 1720, his wife died suddenly, der Hasse. In 1747 he celebrated his lat-
while he was on his return from Carlsbad, est triumph Frederick the Great, whose
;
and in the autumn he went to Hamburg to service Bach's son Philipp Emanuel had en-
compete for the organist's position at the tered in 1740, had often expressed the
Jacobikirche, but without success. In De- ardent desire to see and hear the old mas-
cember, 1721, he was married again to ter iu his capital, and Bach resolved, there-
fore, to visit Potsdam, ac-
companied by his son
Friedemann. The king
received him with the ut-
most courtesj", and ex-
pressed the highest ad-
miration of the master's
art in the most flattering
terms ; a fugue theme
which he gave him. Bach
worked up at home in the
most artistic forms, and
dedicated to the king un-
der the Das musilc-
title
alische Opfer. For some

time his eyesight had
been failing, and an op-
eration which he under-
Birthplace of Johann Sebastian Bach.
went soon after his return
Anna Magdalena Wilken, and in May, 1723, to Leipsic resulted in total blindness; af-
accepted the cantor at the Thomas- ter suifering also otherwise for six mouths,
call as
kirche in Leipsic, in which capacity he was he suddenly recovered his eyesight once
at the same time and director of more, but ten days later breathed his last.
oi'ganist
music at St. Thomas and Nicholas.
St. On Twenty children had been born to him,
May 30, 1723, he executed his first church seven by his first, and thirteen 1)y his sec-
service at Leipsic Subsequently he re- ond wife of these, five sons and four
;
ceived the honorary appointment of Kapell- daughters survived him. Bach is one of
meister to the Duke of Weissenfels, and in those great masters who cannot be sur-
1736, upon his special wish, that of court passed, because in them is embodied, so to
composer to the King of Poland and Elec- speak, the musical knowledge and senti-
tor of Saxony. In his position at Leipsic ment of an entire epoch his especial sig- ;
his creative power was naturally turned nificance and unexampled greatness lie in
again towards religious music, and there the fact that the styles of two different art-
he composed the greater portion of his sa- epochs have, in him and through him, at-
lUU
BACH
f^- f^, f^ f^^ ff ff
^^^^y
bV>r nn ^^^^^
'
^^
'
^
i
^^^^^^ ^ fj ^j" j
Facsimile of the MS. of Johann Sebastian Bach; from the Prelude

rst in the Wohltempen.te Clavier.
:
BACH
tained their liighest development ; like a ',
lislied yearly since, witli a few intermissions,
gigantic landmark be stands between them, to the present time. The following sum-
towering above either in mighty grandeur. mary of the contents of the several volumes
(With equal right he belongs to the preced- shows the published works of the composer
'
iug period of polyphonic music, of contra- Year I. (1851). 10 Kirchencantaten (vol.

puntal, imitative style, and to that of har- i) 1. Wie schiJn leuchtet 2. Ach Gott,
: ;
monic music, pronounced tonality. He vom Himmel 3. Ach Gott, wie manches
of ; ;
lived in a period of transition, when the old 4. Christ lag in Todesbanden 5. Wo soil ;
style had not as yet outlived itself, while ich flieheu hiu 6. Bleib' bei uns 7. Christ ; ;
the new was in the first stages of its devel- unser Herr 8. Liebster Gott, wann werd' ;
opment, and bore the stamp of immaturit}-. ich sterben ? 9. Es ist das Heil 10. Meine ; ;
Bach's genius combined the peculiarities of Seel' erhebt.

both styles in a way which may be consid- Tear H. (1852). 10 Kirchencantaten
ered as worthy of attainment bj' a period (vol ii.) 11. Lobet Gott 12. Weinen Kla- : ;
still lying before us the growing obsolete gen 13. Meine Seufzer 14. Wiir Gott nicht
; ; ;
of his music is therefore out of the ques- mit uns 15. Denn du wirst meine Seele ; ;
tion, as at best only some accessory parts, 16. Herr Gott dich loben wir 17. Wer ;
like cadences, embellishments, and the like, Dank opfert 18. Gleieh wie der Regen ; ;
in which Bach is entirely a child of his 19. Es erhul) sich ein Streit 20. O Ewig- ;
times, remind us of the past. But his keit, du Donnerwort.

melody is so sound and inexhaustible, his Year IH. (1853). Clavierwerke (vol. i.) :
rhythm so jiolymorphous and full of pulsa- 15 Tnveitlions and 15 Sijmphonies. Klavier-

tion, his harmony so select, and withal so iibung : Part 1, 6 partitas ; Part 2, A con-
clear, that his works are the object not only certo and a partita ; Part 3, Choral-preludes
of admiration but of the most zealous study and 4 duets ; Part 4, Air, with thirty varia-
and emulation on the part of musicians, and tions ; Toccata in F-sharp minor Toccata ;
will probably continue to be so for ages in C minor Fugue in A minor.

;
to come. Besides Handel, Bach is the last Year IV. (1854). Passion nach Matthaus.
great master of the reigning church music, Year V. (1855). 10 Kirchencantaten (vol.
and the first great prophet of that domin- iii.) : 21. Ich hatte viel Bekiiminerniss ; 22.
ion of German instrumental music which Jesus nahm zu sich ; 23. Du wahrer Gott ;
characterizes the second half of the Ein ungefilrbt Gemiithe

18th 24. 25. Es i.st ;
century. Works A nearly complete cata- uichts Gesundes 26. Ach wie iliichtig 27.
: ; ;
logue of Bach's works is given in Mitzler's Wer weiss, wie nahe mir 28. Gottlob nun ; !
" Musikalische Bibliothek " (1754). Only a treht 29. Wir dauken dir, Gott 30. Preue
; ;
few of the immense number were printed dich, erluste Schaar. WeiknachtsOvaXoviaia,
during his lifetime. Others were published in four parts.
after his death, but it was not until the per- Year VI. (1856). Mass in B minor.
formance by Mendelssohn of the Matthew Year VII. (1857). 10 Kirchencantaten
Passion in Berlin in 1829, a century after (vol. iv.) : 31. Der Himmel lacht ; 32. Lieb-
its first f)roduction, that the musical world ster Jesu ; 33. Alleiu zu Herr 34. O dir, ;
became conscious of the true value of the ewiges Feuer 35. ; Geist und Seele 36. ;
master's compositions. Editions then be- Schwingt freudig euch 37. We.r da glau- ;
gan to multiply, and in 1850, the centenary bet 38. Aus tiefer Noth 39. Brich dem
; ;
of his death, was founded at Leipsic the Hungrigen 40. Dazu ist erschienen. ;
Bach-Gesellschaft, for the publication of his Year Vni. (1858). 4 Masses, in F, A,

entire works. The first volume was issued G minor, and G.
in 1851, and a new volume has been puW Year IX. (1859). Kammermusik (vol. i.)
' in
102
;; ;;
BACH
3 sonatas for clavier and flute Suite for minor, E, D, A, F minor, F, and G mi- ;
D
clavier and violin (i sonatas for do. '? so- nor Concerto for clavier, flute, and violin,
; ; ;
natas for clavier and viola di ganiba sonata with orchestra. ;
for fiute, violin, and figured bass sonata Year XVIII. (1868). 10 Kircbencantaten ;
for two violins and do. (vol. viii.) 71. Gott ist mein Kunig 72. : ;
Year X. (18(30). 10 Kirchencantaten AUes nur nacb Gottes Willen 73. Herr, ;
(vol. v.) -11. Jesu, nun sei gepreiset

: 42. wie du willst 74. Wer mich liebet (2d ver- ; ;
Am Abend aber desselbigen 43. Gotl fahret sion) 75. Die Eleuden sollen essen 76.
; ; ;
auf 4-4.
; Sie werdeu eucli 45. Es ist dir Die Himmel erzilhlen 77. Du sollst Gott
; ;
gesagt 46. Scbauet doch und sebet

;
47. 78. Jesu, der du meine Seele 79. Gott der ; ;
Wer sicb selbst erbOhet ; 48. Icb elender Herr ist Sonn' ; 80. Ei.n feste Burg.
Menscli ; 49. Icb geh' und eucbe ; 50. Nun Yeai- XrX. (1869). Kammermusik (voL
ist das Heil. iii.) : 6 concertos for various instruments,
Year XI. (1861). Magnificat in D. 4 with orchestra.
Sanctus, in C, D, Year XX. (1870).D minor, and G. Kam- 10 Kircbencantaten
mermusik (vocal) Der Htreit zwiscben Pbce- (vol. ix.) 81. Jesus
: : scbliift ; 82. Icb babe
bus und Pan Weichet nur, betrubte Scbat- genug 83. Erfreute
; ; Zeit ; 84. Icb bin ver-
ten Amove traditore; Contentment; Der gniigt
;
85. Icb bin ; ein guter Hirt ;
86.
ZiifriedcngealelUe Jôlus. Bisher babt Wabrlich, ich sage eucb ; 87.

Year XII. (1862). Passion music from ibr nichts 88. Siebe, icb will viel Fischer ; ;
St. Jobn. 10 Kircbeucautaten (vol. vi.) 51. 89. Was soil ich aus dir machen 90. Es : ;
Jaucbzet Gott 52. Falscbe Welt 53. reifet eucb.

; 3 Dramas for various festivities. ;
Scblage docb Widerstebe docb 55. Icb ;

Year XXI. (1871). Kammermusik (vols,
54. ;
armer Meuscb 56. Icb will deu Kreuzstab iv. and v.) 2 concertos for violin and or-
; :
57. Selig ist der Maun 58. Acb Gott, wie chestra 1 do. for two violins and orches-
; ;
manches (2d version) ; 59. Wer micb liebet ;

tra ; 1 symphony movement for violin ; 3
60. O
Ewigkeit (2d version). concertos for two claviers and orchestra.
Year XIII. (1863). Trauungx Cantaten Ostec-Oratorium. :
Dem Gerecbten muss das Licbt Der Herr Year XXII. (1872). 10 Kirchencantaten ;
denket an uns Gott ist unsere Zuversicbt (vol. X.) 91. Gelobet seist du 92. Ich bab'
;
: ;
3 chorales. Clavier werke (vol. ii.) 6 Freiu-h in Gottes 93. Wer nur den lieben Gott : ;
suites 6 English suites.

; Trauer-Ode ou 94. Was frag' ich 95. Christus dor ist ;
tbe Electress of Saxonj'. mein Leben 96. Herr Christ, der ein' ge ; ;
Year XIV. (1864). Clavierwerke (vol. 97. In alien meinen Tbateu 98. Was Gott ;
iii.) Das icohlleinperi.rle Clavier.

: tbut, das 99. Do. (2d version) 100. Do. ; ;
Year XV. (1865). Organ works 6 Sona- (3d version). :
tas 18 Preludes and Fugues 3 Toccatas

;
Year XXIH. 10 Kirchencantaten ; ;
(1873).
Passacaglia. von uns, Herr 102. (vol. xi.) : 101. Nimm ;
Year XVI. (1866). 10 Kircbencantaten Herr, deine Augen sehen 103. Ibr werdet ;
(vol. vii.) 61. Nun komm, der Heideu

: 62. weinen und beulen 104. Du Hirte Israel ; ; ;
Id. (2d version) 63. Cbristen, iitzet diesen 105. Herr, gehe nicht ins Gericht
;
106. ;
Tag 64. Sebet, welcb' eine Liebe

; 65. Sie ; Gottes Zeit ist die allerbeste Zeit ; 107. Was
werden aus Saba 66. Erfreut eucb, ibr ; willst du dicb betriiben ; 108. Es ist eucb
Herzeu 67. Halt' im Gediicbtniss
; 68. ; gut ; 109. Icb glaube, lieber Herr 110. ;
Also hat Gott die Welt 69. Lobe den ; Unser ^lund sei voll Lachens.
Herrn 70. Wachet, betet, seid bereit.
; Year XXIV. (1874). 10 Kirchencantaten
Year XVII. (1867). Kammermusik (vol. (vol. xii.) 111. Was mein Gott will : 112. ;
. ii.) Concertos for clavier and orchestra, in

: Der Herr ist mein getreuer Hirt 113. Herr ;
;;; ;
BACH
Jesu Chiibt, du Luclistes Gut Ach, (vol. XV.) 141. Das ist je gewisslich wahr
; 114. :
;
lieben Christen ; 115. Mache meiu 142. Uns ist ein Kind geboren 143. Lobe
dicli ;
Geist bereit ; 116. Du FrieJeusfiirst, Herr den Herrn, meine Seele 144. Nimm was ;
Jesu Christ ; 117. Sei Lob und Ehr 118. dein ist, und gehe 145. So do mit deinem
; ;
O Jesu Christ mein's Lebeu's Licht ; 119. Munde bekennest Jesum ; 146. Wir miissen
Preise Jerusalem, den Herru ; 120. Gott, durch viel Triibsal in das Keich Gottes ein-
man lobet dich. 147. Herz und Mund und That und gehen ;
Year XXV. (1875). Die Kunst der Fuge Leben 148. Briuget dem Herru Ehre seines ; ;
Orgelbilchlein ; Sechs Chorale (known as Namens 149. Man singt mit Freuden vom ;
the " Schiibler'scheu ") Achtzehn Chorale Sieg 150. Nach dir, Herr, verlanget mich.
; ;
(known as " diegrosseu mitdem Scbwanen- Year XXXI. (1881). Werke fiir Orches-
liede "). ter Ouverturen in C, B minor, D, D Sin- : ;
Year XXVI. (1876). 10 Kircheucantaten fonia in F.

(vol. xiii.) 121. Christum wir solleu loben
: Year XXXH. (1882). 10 Kirchencantaten
schon 122. Das neugebor'ne Kindelein (vol. xvi.) 151. Siisser Trost, mein Jesus
; ;
:
123. Liebster Immanuel, Herzogder From- kommt 152. Tritt auf die Glaubensbahn ; ;
men 124. Meinen Jesum lass' ich nicht 153. Schau', lieber Gott, wie meine Feind'
; ;
125. Mit Fried' und Freud' ich fahr' dahin 1.54. Mein liebster Jesus ist verloren 155. ; ;
126. Erhalt' uns, Herr, luit deiiiem Wort Mein Gott, wie lang', ach lauge 156. Ich ;
127. Herr Jesu Christ, wahr'r Mensch und steh' mit eiuem Fuss im Grabe 157. Ich ;
Gott 128. Auf Christi Himmelfahrt allein lasse dich nicht, du segnest mich denn
; ; ;
129. Gelobet sei der Herr, meiu Gott 130. 158. Der Friede sei mit dir 159. Sehet, ; ;
Herr Gott, dich loben alle wir. wir geli'n hinauf gen Jerusalem 160. Ich ;
Year XXVH. (1877). 6 Sonaten fiii- vio- weiss, dass mein Erliiser lebt.
line ; 6 sonaten filr violoncell. Year XXXIH. (1883). 10 Kirchencanta-
YearXXVin. (1878). 10 Kirchencantaten ten (vol. xvii.): 161. Komm, du siisse To-
(vol. xiv.) 131. Aus der Tiefe rufeich, Herr, desstuude
: 162. Ach, ich sehe, jetzt da ich ;
zu dir 132. Bereitet die Wege, bereitet zur Hochzeit gehe

; 163. Xur Jedem das ;
die Bahn 133. Ich freue mich in dir 134. Seine

; 164. Ihr, die ihr euch von Christo ; ;
Eiu Herz, das seinen Jesum lebeud weiss nennet 165. O heil'ges Geist- und Wass- ;
135. Ach Herr, mich armen Siinder 136. erbad 166. Wo gehest du bin 167. Ihr ; ; ;
Erforsche mich, Gott, und erfahre mein Menscheu, riihmet Gottes Liebe 168. Thue ;
Herz 137. Lobe den Herren, den machti- Rechuung

; Donnerwort 169. Gott soil ! ;
geu Kijnig der Ehren 138. Warum be- allein mein Herze haben 170. Vergniigte
; ;
triibst du dich, mein Herz 139. Wohl liuh', beliebte Seelenlust. ;
dem, der sich auf seiuen Gott 140. Wachet Year XXXJV. (1884). Kammermusik fiir
;
auf, ruft uns die Stimme. Gesang Serenata, Durehlaucht'ster Leo- :
Year XXIX. (1879). Kammermusik fiir pold Cantata, Schwiugt freudig euch em- ;
Gesang Cantaten Was mir behagt, is uur por (Die Freude reget sich) Dramma per
: ; ;
die muutre Jagd Non sa che sia dolore O musica, Lasst uns sorgen, lasst uns wachen
; ; ;
holder Tag, erwiinschte Zeit (Hochzeits- Do. Tonet, ihr Pauken Erschallet, Trora- !
Cantate) Hochsterwiinsehtes Freudenfest

; peten Cantata gratulatoria, Preise dein
;
Schweigt stille, plaudert nicht Mer hahn ; Gliicke, gesegnetesSachsen Dramma per ;
en neue Oberkeet Mit Gnaden bekrone ; musica, Angenehmes Wiederau Do. Auf, ;
der Himmel die Zeiten (Gratulations-Can- schmetterndeTiine dermuntern Trompeten.

tate) O, angenehme Melodei Instrumen-
; ; AUgem. d. Biogr., i. 729; Allgem. mus.
talsatz ffir Violine, Hoboe und Continuo. Zeitg., i.-xlviii. ; Bitter, J. S. Bach (Berlin,
Year XXX. (1880). 10 Kirchencantaten 1865) ; Forkel, Ueber Bach's Leben, Kunst
1U4
I-ips Bach ii), b. (t). d. 1620.
Wendel Bach, farmer!?),

b. 1619 d. 1682.
Jakob Bach, musician

cantor in Steinach and
K-uhla. b. x6ss, d. 1718
nn Ludwie Bach, Nicolaus Ephraim

:antorand music Bach, court musician
rinMeiningen.b. at Gandersheim.
74r. atHalle, b. 1703. d. 1771. ^ '
Samuel Anton Bach,

court organist at Mein- Gottlieb Friedrich Johanii Christian Bach
ingen, b. 1713. d. 1781. Bach, court organist
at Meiningen, b,
music teacher at Halle,
1714, the "Clavier-Bach,"
d. 1785. b.
I
1743. d, 1814.
Johann Philipp Each

court organist at Mein-
mgen, b. 1751, d. 1846.
^
GENEALOGICAL TABLE OF THE BACH FAMILY.
Hans Bach, of Wechmar, b. tjM (t).
Veil Bach, anatur< e cilhara, b. is9>-Ai, d. 1G19,
II, b 15S0IT), d. i36. t.itn lUrh Hj. b. (I), d. iteo.
ITendel Racti, farmeilt).
Johann bacb, muli- Dph Bach

ciaD. oidnt^ in ^ JahohBach, muiician,
furt, b. itei. d. 167^
cantor in Slelnach and
Ruhia b i<^ d. If i&
Johann Cbilitiaii
[I
JohaiiD
I
A<eidiui J,l.
Gcont Chiliioph Bimh, Johtuin Ambroiiui Johann Cliiiitoph Johann Michael Bac-h
Bnch, miufc dirEctor Bacb. rioU da Bach, violinlil and Bach, violinist, courl coRipoKr, oncanlsi. and
ncUt id Erfuit. b and oisanitl in El- gamba player, b. compwer, b. iCits d. musician at A nutadi, intlrument bulldct at
Johann Ludwic Dacli, Sicol.
d- mr- couft cnntorand music Bach.ci
futl. b. l&i;. .6SJ. d. Jtaa. b. its. d. 1653. Cehien. b. ifi^S. d. iCw dlref(oriaMelninen,b at Cani It Halle, b 1701.1]. ini-
;alina Jakob BacIi,

"'
lohann Chriitoph Bach. Johann Derahard Jchann Chrittoph I Chriiloph lohann Jacob Bach.
^. Johnnn Umsl Itach, Johann Chrldoph ^JohannNikl Johinn Christoph Johan
' '
~ ~ cAiitor nnd orjranlsl fn
Unier-Zininicrn ani) C.eh-
Bdch, coniuo&er, 01-
c^nlii at Eifuit. b.
Bach.muikdlreclor,
b ttSi
Bacli. loirn
m Schveinfun,
mu^- 'KuitHpfeircr." conn ni' vemiy oreani' MQhIhauien. b 1(^4 Samuel Anion Ddch, Johann ChfUMan Dadi.
d.(tl. cian 1671, d miitician nl Slock- en. h.i6i, d. 1739. Kculi (I), t. lOPo, d. . i6jt.
COOrt organist nl Miln^ Bach, court ornanltt music IBAChor at Halle.
tn. b. iftjj. d, im. 1&J6, d. 1J40. holm, b. i6B>. il. 1733.
iifSD, b i;i3. iL i;<ii. the - Clavier Bach," b
d. .tSv T"' i-. d 18(4.
Johann GOniher Bach, Johnnii lirntl B<ich.

r
Johann l^rnz Bach. Johsnn Efldt Bach,
('pi I
Wilhclm Friedemann Bach. Carl Philipp Hmanuel Bnch, Johnnn Chrisloph 1-riedrlch
Johann rhilipp Bacb,
t^wi xHiecr tn Eifun. b. conipotet and oiân- mmposar, orxnniit at cantor In Sch-1nfuit, the " Hamburg" and " Berlin- Bach, the " BDc1cebuii['Bach," instiai b i;ii, d. liti
<N3. d. (Fj. itt, b. tj3% iL 1J77, Lahan, b. i6k, d. 7;> b. tjos, d
uss- Bach " composei and pianist, composer nntl Kapcllnieitler,
b i7It.<l.i;95'|
(U
Wilhelm tnedtich Emu
Tobias h'fitdrkh Johnnii Bern hard Bach, comjMiei, pianist
Johann Heinrieh Johnnn Andreas
Bach, canlnr in Bach, oreaniil la and Tiollnul, b. liso. d.
Unmdt. b ib}s. ObrtruB, b. 1700. OhrdnitrSj 171J
^ c
:
; :;
BACH
uud Kunstwerke (Leipsic, 1802) ; Hiller, the Great ; Christmas Cantata ; 17 other
Lebensbesclireibuugen, etc. (ib., 1784) ;Hil- cantatas and arias for special holydays ;
Kyrie and Gloria Pentecost music Amen ; ;
and Hallelujah 3 motets. Instrumental ;
Organ concerto for 2 pianofortes Sonata ;
for do. 10 fugues 12 polonaises for do.

; ;
10 concertos for do., with quartet, and other

accompaniment 12 sonatas for pianoforte
; ;
11 fantasias for do. 1 gique 1 6tude 1 ; ; ;
suite ; Trio for 2 flutes and bass 2 trios ;
genfeld, Bach's Leben, Wirken und Werke for oboe, bassoon, and bass Trio for vio- ;
(ib., 1850); Schauer, do. 1850) Poole, lins and cembalo obligato
(ib., ;
4 duets for ;
Seb. Bach (Loudon, 1882) Mizler's ;mu- flutes Allabreve for do. Ricercata for
; ;
sikalische BibHotliek (1754), iv. 1 Spitta, quartet and bass

;
Symphony for 2 flutes ;
J. S. Bach (Leipsic, 1873^80); do. (Eng- and quartet Sextet for 2 horns, clarinet, ;
lish ed., London, 1884-85). violin, viola, and bass Divertimento for ;
BACH, (WILHELM) FRIEDEjVLi.NN pianoforte ; about 30 polonaises and several

[19], called the
Halle Bach, born
at Weimar, Nov.
22, 1710, died in
Berlin, July 1, minuets for do. Duet for 2 pianofortes ; ;
1784. Eldest son Allemande for do. Presto for do. AUgem. ;
and pupil of Jo- d. Biogr.. i. 743 Bitter, C. P. E. Bach, etc.,
;
hann Sebastian, ii. 150 Fctis Mendel

; Schilling.
; ;
whose favourite BACH, WILHELM (FRIEDRICH

he was, and, un- ERNST) [22], born at Biickeburg, May 27,
'
der whose guid- 1759, died in Berlin, Dec. 25, 1845. The
ance he had acquired a remarkable profi- last male descendant of Johann Sebastian
ciency on the pianoforte at the age of twelve. Bach, son and pupil of the Biickeburg Bach,
When fifteen he studied the violin under also pupil of his uncle Johann Christian in
Graun, then at Merseburg. In 1733 he be- London, where he lived, until the latter's
came organist of the Sophienkirche in Dres- death, as an excellent jsifinoforte and organ
den, andin 1747 of theMarienkirche atHalle. player and esteemed teacher he then went ;
There he gi-adually gave himself up to a dis- to Paris, where he gave concerts, and settled
sipated mode of life, which led to his resig- at Minden, whence he was called to Berlin
nation in 1764 he then lived, without any
; in 1792, to become pianist to Queen Fried-
regular occupation, at Leipsic, Brunswick, erike and afterwai'ds to Queen
Louise,
Gottingen, and from 1774 in Berlin, where he Louise. He was the teacher of Frederick
deteriorated more and more, and finally died William III. and his brothers. Of his com-
in utter distress. He was the most gifted positions, in the style of the old school, and
and learned of Bach's children, and, accord- consisting of pianoforte and instrumental
ing to his brother Emanuel's testimony, the works, cantatas, and songs, only a few have
only one who might have been able to re- been printed. Bitter, C. P. E. Bach, etc.,
place their great father. Works Vocal ii. 139 ; Ledebur, Tonkilnstl. Lex. Berlins
Cantata on the Pence of Hubertsburg (1763) (1861).
Pentecost Cantata (1746) Cantata for Ad-
; BACH, AUGUST WTLHELM, born in
vent (1749) do. for birthday of Frederick Berlin, Oct. 4, 1796, died there, April 15,
;
105
;;
BACH
1869. Organist, son and pupil of Gottfried 6 songs, op. 16 Barcarola Vene-
violin ; ;
Bach, who was organist at Trinity Church, Concerto in E for pianoforte and or-
ziana ;
afterwards pupil of Zelter in counterpoint chestra. Walter Bache (born in Birming-

and fugue, of L. Berger on the pianoforte, ham, June 19, 1842), his brother, is a pianist
and of C. W. Henuing on the violin. He in Loudon, and the acknowledged exponent
was organist at St. Gertrude's (1814), and in England of Liszt's music. Grove Brown. ;
St. Mary's (1816), became professor at the bAche von gesalznen zahren,
Institute for church music in 1822, and tenor aria in F minor, with accompaniment
succeeded Zelter as its director in 1832. of strings complete, fagotto and continuo, in
He composed church and organ music, Johann Sebastian Bach's cantata, Ich hatte
besides some jsianoforte pieces and songs. viel Bekiimmerniss.
Mendel. BACHMANN, GOTTLOB, born at Born-
BACH, OTTO, born in Vienna. Feb. 9, itz. Saxony, March 28, 1763, died at Zeitz,
1833, still living there, 1888. Dramatic April 10, 1840. Organist, pupil of Freeh at
composer, pupil of Sechter in Vienna, of Zeitz, for pianoforte and harmony went in ;
Marx in Berlin, and of Hauj)tmann in Lei})- 1785 to Leipsic and studied counterpoint,
sic was at first Kapellmeister of the theatre and in 1790 to Dresden, where Naumann
;
at Augsburg (1866), and in 1868 was called became his master in composition. Organ-
to Salzburg as director of the Mozarteum ist at Zeitz in 1791. Works Phaedou und :
and Kapellmeister of the cathedral. Since Naide, opera, given in Dresden, about 1790 ;
1880, Kapellmeister of the Votivkirche in Don Brunswick,Silvio de Rosalva, do.,

Vienna. Works Operas Sardanapal, three 1797
: Orpheus und Eurydice, do., ib.,
;
acts, about 1860 Die Liebesprobe, two acts, 1798

; Cantate auf den Tod des Orpheus,
;
represented at Augsburg, April 1, 1867 ib., 1799 Lieder und Arien (Halle, 1795)
; ; ;
Die Argonauten, 1870 Lenore, three acts, Das Elysium, ballad (Vienna, Riedt) Hero
; ;
Gotha, Dec. 25, 1874 Medea 4 sympho- und Leander, do. (Offenbach, Andre, 1798)
; ;
nies Electra, overture Der Blumen Rache, 12 songs, op. 6 (ib., 1799)
; ; Des Miid- ;
ballad for chorus and orchestra Requiem chens Klage (Aug.sburg, 1799)
; ;
Leonhard ;
Masses, choruses, chamber music.

Rie- und Blondiue, ballad (Leipsic, Breitkopf &
mann. Hiirtel) ; Leonore, do. (Vienna, Riedt) ;
BACHE, FRANCIS EDWARD, born in Arion, do. (Bonn, Simrock) Die Biirg- ;
Birmingham, England, Sept. 14, 1833, died schaft, do. (ib.); Die Klage der Ceres (ib.);
Aug. 24, 1858. Pianist, pupil on the Die Schlacht (ib.)
there, ; Ballads of Goethe (Leip-
violin Birmingham of Alfred Mellon sic, Kiihnel) 12 songs, op. 22 (Vienna,
at ; ;
went to London in 1849 to studj' under Eder) 6 do., op. 25 (ib., Riedt) 6 German ; ;
Sterndale Bennett, and to Leipsic in 1853 odes, op. 33 (ib.) 6 songs, op. 45 (Berlin, ;
to study with Hauptmann and Plaidv-, tak- Dunker) 6 do., op. 51 (Leipsic, Hoffmeis- ;
ing also organ lessons at Dresden in 1854 ter) 6 do., op. 59 (Worms, Kreitner)
;
from Schneider. Illness took him in 1855 Symphony for orchestra, op. 2 (Oflfenbach,
to Algiers, whence he went to Leipsic, Andre) 2 do., op. 9 and 10 (Brunswick, ;
Rome, and Vienna, and returned to England Spehr) 2 quai'tets for 2 violins, viola, and ;
in 1857. His ability was great far beyond violoncello, op. 3 (Offenbach, Andre) 2 do., ;
his physical strength. Works Which is op. 5 (ib.) 3 do., op. 7 (Vienna, Eder) 2
: ; ;
Which?, opera, 1851 Riibezahl, opera, 1853 do., op. 8 (Brunswick, Spehr) 1 do., op. 32
;
;
;
4 mazurkas, op. 13 Souvenirs dTtalie, op. (Leipsic, Breitkopf & Hiirtel) do., op. 57
; ;
19 Andante and rondo polonaise for piano- (Worms, Kreitner) do., dedicated to Haydn
; ;
forte and orchestra trio for pianoforte and (Augsburg, Gombart)

; Quintet for jnano- ;
strings, op. 25 Romance for pianoforte and forte, flute, violin, viola, and violoncello, op.
; i
106
;
BACH MANN
42 (Vienna, Eder) ; 2 trios for pianoforte, an instruction book on music and singing,
violin, and violoncello (Brunswick, Spehr) ;
the "Music. Notenbiichleiu." Compositions :
Sonata for pianoforte and violin obligato, Musicalisches Halleluja, containing 600 mel-
op. 4 (Offenbach, Andre) do., op. 23 (Vi- ; odies for two and three voices with organ
enna, Eder) do., op. 24 (ib.)
; Sonata for and figured bass (8 eds. down to 1767) Ver-
; ;
pianoforte for four hands, op. 41 (Bonn, mehrte Zusatz von Morgeu, Abend . . .
Simrock) do. for pianoforte, op. 21 (Leip- Gesungeu (1738) Sacred airs iu concert-
; ;
sic, Breitkopf & Hiirtel) do., op. 3G (Vi- style for two and three voices given in
;
enna, Riedt) 12 dances and marches, op. twelve monthly numbers (4th ed., 1755)
;
58 (Worms, Kreitner) 6 pieces for the or- Brocke's Irdisches Verguiigeu iu Gott, set
;
gan, op. 34 (Leipsic, Breitkopf & Hiirtel). to music (1,000 pages, 1740) jMusicalische ;
Fetis Gerber, N. Lex.

; Schilling. Ergetzungen (1755) Psalmen Davids (8vo,
; ;
BACHMANN, Pater SIXTHS, born at 2d ed., 1759) Fiir die Sundeu der Welt, ;
Kettershaiisen, Bavaria, July 18, 1754, died from Brooke's Passion (1759). His hymns
at Marchthal about 1818. Contra^Juntist were very popular iu Switzerland. Grove.
and organist, attracted attention even at the BACHRICH, SIGISMUND, born at
age of nine, when he was able to play from Zsambokreth, Hungary, in 1841, stiU living,
memory more than two hundred jjieces, and 1888. Dramatic composer and violinist,
held his own, at Biberach, 1706. in a musi- pujsil iit the Conservatorium, Vienna, of
cal contest on the organ with young IMozart, BOhm on the violin (1851-57) for a short ;
vrho was then ten years of age. He ac- time Kapellmeister of a small theatre in
quired his musical education in the monas- Vienna, went in 1861 to Paris, and for sev-
teries of Eleliingeu and Marchthal, in the eral years earned a scanty living as con-
latter of which he was a Premoustrant ductor of an orchestra, journalist, and even
monk, studied the works of Abbot Vogler, as an apothecary then returned to Vienna, ;
and was temporarily instructed by Kapell- and for twelve years was a member of the
meister Koa, who stopped at Marelithal on Helmesberger (Quartet. He is now in-
his way to Italy. In 1786 he was associated structor at the Conservatorium, and mem-
with Hoffmeister in Vienna in his musical ber of the Philharmonic and the Opera or-
publishing society, but withdrew from it chestras, also of the Eose Quartet. Works :
two years later. His masses, written in true Muzzedin, comic opera, given in Vieima,
church style, were much esteemed and wide- 1883 Heini von Steier, do., ib., 1884 Sa- ; ;
ly circulatedby numerous copies. Besides kuntala, ballet Two operettas, Vienna, ;
them he left behind him a real treasure of 1866 Chamber music, pieces for the vio- ;
cantatas, symphonies, sonatas, violin quar- lin, and songs. Riemann.

tets, and fugues for the organ. Only the BACHSCHMIDT, ANTON, born at
following were printed 2 sonatas for piano- Molk, Nether-Austria, Dec. 7, 1705, died
:
forte (Vienna, 1786)Sonata for do. (Speyer, at Eichstiidt, Bavaria, iu 1780 (1776 ?).
;
1791) Diverse Pezzetti (ib., 1791) Organ Virtuoso on the trombone and violin
; ; ;
Fugue alia Zoppa (ib., 1792) Sonata for member iu 1760 of the prince-bishop's
;
pianoforte, op. 1 (Munich, 1800). Fetis

court orchestra at "Wiirzburg, and later in
;
Gerber, N. Lex. Schilling. ; the prince's orchestra at Eichstiidt, where

BACHOFEN, JOHANN KASPAR, born in 1769 he became Concertmeister. It was
in Zurich in 1692, died there in 1755. only then that he began to study the great
Singing-master in the Latin school and composers, especially Graun, to whose style
cantor of one of the Zurich churches in he conformed. The Prince of Eichstiidt
1718 ; director of the Chorherrn-gesell- sent him to Italy to complete his musical
schaft as successor to Albertiu ; author of education, and, owing to the success of
;
BACKOFEN
some operas composed there, appointed Quintet with clarinet ; Several pieces for
bim Kapellmeister after his return. He two clarinets, two horns, and two bassoons.
won reputation through his church music, Fetis ; Gerber, N. Lex.; Schilling.
consisting of masses, litanies, vespers, etc.; CARLO AGOSTINO, born iu BADIA,
among works were symphonies, Venice iu the 17th century.
his other Dramatic
concertos, and quartets, of which only the composer, lived about the beginning of the
following were printed Concerto for oboe, 18th century as court musician at Vienna.
:
two violins, viola, violoncello, and two Works La Niufa Apollo, opera, given in :
horns Sis violin quartets. In his sixty- Eome and Milan, 1692, in Bologna, 1694,
;

eighth j-ear he became totally blind. Fe- at Laxenburg Palace, 1699, in Vienna, 1700 ;
tis; Schilling. Narciso, do., Vienna, 1699 Amore vuol So- ;
BACKOFEN, (JOHANN G.) HEIN- migliauza, do., ib., 1702 ; La corte celeste,
EICH, born at Durlach, Germany, in 1768, oratorio, 1702 ; II profeta Elia, do., Venice,
died at Darmstadt in 1839. Virtuoso on 1720 ; Gesti nel Prestorio, do., 1730 ; Tri-
the harji, tbe English horn, the clarinet, buti armonici, a collection of twelve canta-
and the flute pupil at Nuremberg of Georg tas for a single voice and harpsichord.
;
Wilhelm Gruber in composition, and of Fetis Schilling. ;
Birckmaun on the instruments. In 1789 BADIA, LUIGI, born at Tirauo, Naples,

he began a successful concert tour as clar- in 1822, still living, 1888. Dramatic com-
inetist through France, Spain, and Italy, re- poser, known by the operas Gismonda di :
turning to Nuremberg 1794 four years

in ;
Mendrisio, given at Bologna, 1846 ; another
later he travelled through Germany, per- opera, given at Florence ; Flavio Racliis,
forming on the harp and the English horn, Trieste, 1853. Fetis.
meeting with an especially honoui'able recep- BAGATELLEN (Fr., bagatelle, a trifle),
tion at Gotha, where he made a prolonged a title, probably first used by Beethoven, to
stay iu 1802, and was appointed chamber designate a short piece of light pianoforte
musician in 180(5. Thence he visited Leip- music. Beethoven wrote four sets of Baga-
sic, Munich, and Frankfort, and in 1815 tellen : 1. 7 Bagatellen, op. 33, composed
settled at Darmstadt, where he established 1782 ; original MS. owned by Johann Kaff-
a factory of wind instruments. He wrote a ka, Vienna. Published, Vienna. 2.6 Baga-
very good method for the harp (Leijisic, tellen, op. 126, composed 1821. Published
1803, and another for the clarinet and the by Schotts, Mainz. 3. 12 Bagatellen, op.
English horn (ib., 1803). Works 16 vari- : 119, composed 1820-22. Published by
"
ations for the harp (Leipsic, 1779) Sonata ; Sauer Liedersdorf in the " Wiener Zeitung
for do., with violin (il>., 1798) Concertaute ; (1824). 4. 6 Bagatellen, iu MS., owned by Ar-
for do., English horn, and violoncello do. ; taria & Co. (Vienna). Thayer, Verzeichuiss.
for harp, viola, and violoncello Abendge- ; BAGGE, SELMAE, born at Coburg, June
sang der Balsora (Leipsic, 1800) 13 varia- ; Instrumental and
30, 1823, still living, 1888.
tions for harp, op. 41 (ib., 1801) First, Kaspar Kunnner in
; vocal composer, pupil of
second, and third books of pieces for the thorough bass and of Schilbach on the violon-
harp (ib., 1799-1802) Concertante for two
; cello, then (1837) at the Conservatorium in
clarinets Quintet for English horn, two

;
Prague of Dionys Weber and of Hiittner
violins, viola, and violoncello. In manu- later of Sechter in Vienna, where he be-
script : Short Te Deuin Music for the inau- came professor of composition at the Con-
;
guration of the Nuremberg Theatre

Scene : servatorium in 1851 ; resigned iu 1855 to
from Metastasio Dirge for four voices at
; become a musical critic and editor from ;
the grave of a Freemason 3 concertos for ; 1863 at Leipsic ; director of the music
Euglish horn Grand concerto for the harp
; ;
school at Basel since 1868. His composi-
";
BAI
tions consist of a symphony, a sonata for glees, "Adieu to the village delights," and
pianoforte and violoncello, op. 3, string "Pr'ythee, friend, fill t'other pipe," and his
quartets, pianoforte pieces, and songs. He humorous catch, "Mister Speaker, tho' 'tis
has published also an arrangement of Bach's late," were very popular in their day.
Fasaioii uach Matthiius for pianoforte solo Grove.
( Leipsic, Breitkopf & Hartel ). Grove ;
BAILLEUX, ANTOINE, flourished in
Mendel. Paris about 1758-84, died there in 1791.

BAI (Baj), T0MM.\80, born at Creval- Instrumental and vocal composer, and teach-
cuore, near Bologna, Italy, in the second er author of an exceUeut vocal (1760), and
;
half of the 17th century, died in Rome, Dec. a violin method (1779). Works : Le bou-
22, 1714. He was for many years tenor quet de Tamitie, cantatille ; 6 symphonies
singer in the chapel of the Vatican, where for four parts (Paris, 17.58) ; do. for grand
he became maestro di cappella in 1713. orchestra (ib., 17G7) ; Les petits concerts
Bai was one of the many comiôsers who, de Paris Solfcges (Paris, 1784). F6tis. ;
flourishing near the close of the " great BAILLOT, PIERRE MARIE FRANCOIS
Eouian period of Italian music, strove to DE SALES, born at
hold fast by the Palestrina traditions and Passy, France, Oct.
the a cappella style ;
yet he, like the rest of 1, 1771, died in
his generation, found it impossible wholly Paris, Sept. 15, 1842.
to free himself from the influence of con- Instrumental co m-

temporary music, and his works, when poser, critic, and lust
con^pared with Palestrina's, show what a great representative

totally different musical atmosphere he of the classical school
breathed from that which pervaded the of violin-playing in
first few decades of the " great " period. Paris. Professor of
His great posthumous reputation is based the violin at the
upon a single work, his Miserere, written Conservatoire. His first master on the vio-
after the still more famous one by Gregorio lin was an Italian named Polidori, but his
AUegri. It is published in Choron'a Col- real musical education began in 1780 under
lection gunerale des ouvrages classiques de Sainte-Marie, in Paris, and was continued
musique (Paris, Le Due). Ain 1783 under Pollani, in Rome, where he
5-voice mass,
twelve motets for i, 5, and 8 and was sent by M. de Boucheporn his play-
voices, ;
an 8-voice De profuudis exist in MS. in ing was influenced also by Viotti, whom
the Santini collection in Home. Fetis
he heard in his tenth year. Baillot first ap-
Grove Mendel.
;
peared iu public in 1791, Viotti procuring
BAILDON, JOSEPH, lived during mid- him a place in the Theatre Feydeau, which
dle of 18th century, died Or- he soon resigned for an apjjointment in the
May 7, 1771.
ganist. Gentleman of the Ministere des Finances, using his musical
Chapel Royal ;
lay-vicar of Westminster Abbey organist talent merely as a recreation.

;
In 1795,
of St. Luke's, Old Street, and All Saints', after studying the compositions of CorelH,
Fulham, in 1763. The Catch Club awarded Bach (?), and
Tartini, Gemiuiani, Loeatelli,
him prizes in 1763 and in 17G6 for a catch Handel, he determined to become a profes-
and the glee, " When gay Bacchus fills my sional musician, and made a successful de-
breast." In Warren's collection are ten but in a concerto by Viotti, which secured
catches and four glees by Baildon. He his reputation and gained him a professor-
published two volumes of his works entitled ship of the violin in the newly opened Con-
The Laurel, and Four Favourite Songs sung servatoire, which he held till his death. He
by Mr. Beard at Ranelagh Gardens. His studied also harmony under Catel, and
BAILLOU
countei-point with Reiclia and Cherubini. Fetis ; Supplement, i. 37 Grove La-
do.. ; ;
Member of Napoleon's private band in 1802. rousse, ii. Mendel, i. 416 Ergiiuz, 22
62 ; ;
;
He made a professional tour with the vio- Wasielewski, Die Violine und ihre Meister,
loncello-player Lamare in Russia in 1805- 274.
08, but the war brought him home he gave ;
BAH^LOU, LOUIS DE, born in France
concerts in the South of France, and started about the middle of the 18th century, died
chamber-music concerts in Paris in 1814, in Milan in 1809. Dramatic composer and
which gained him great reputation as a violinist, pupil of Capron on the violin ;
quartet-player. In 1815-16 he made a sec- and became conductor of the

went to Italy
ond professional tour in Holland, Belgium, orchestra at the Teatro della Scala, Milan,
and England, becoming a member of the for which he wrote the following ballets :
English Philharmonic Society, at one of Andromacca e Pirro, L' amante generosa,

whose concerts he played on Feb. 26, 1816. given in 1777 AjDollo jjlacato, Calipso ab- ;
Director of the band at the Paris Opera in bandonata, 1778 Mirza, La guinguetta iu- ;
1821-31 director of the Concerts spirituels glese. La Zingara riconosciuta, 1783 Giulio
; ;
given at the Opera, 1822, 1823, 1824 of the Sabino, 1784

; Lodovico il Moro, Amore ;
Eoyal Band from 1825 his last tour was maestro di scuola, II popolo d' Argo festeg-
;
made through Switzerland and part of Italy giante, Vologese, 1786 Guatimozin o la ;
in 1833. Baillot's quartet-playing is highly Conquista del Messico, II primo viagiattore,

praised by Mendelssohn and Hiller. He II fanfaro militare, I due avari, 1787 II ;
had celebrated pupils, Mazas, Habeneck aine, matrimonio per coucorso, 1788 Guglielmo ;
the two Danelas, and many others. He as- Tell, Lucio Giunio Bruto, 1797 La disfatta ;
sisted Rode and Kreutzer iu compiling a di Abderamo (with Capuzzi), 1809. Fetis.
work for the violoncello, and the Muthode BAINI, GIUSEPPE, born in Rome, Oct.
de Violon, adopted by the Conservatoire 21, 1775, died there. May 21, 1844. Church
(1803) with the exception of the Ai't du comjjoser, and the most eminent musical
;
Violou, which is considered by Fetis the writer and critic in Italy in this century ;
best elementary work of the kind (1834), his pujjil of his uncle, Lorenzo Baini, and at the
works are almost forgotten. His music is Seminario Romano of Jaunacoui in 1802,
difficult. Among his iûblished compositions when he obtained a j)osition as bass singer
are 15 trios for two violins and bass 6 duets iu the Pontifical Chapel, of which he was ap-
: ;
for two violins 12 etudes for violins

; 9 pointed maestro di cap2:)ella in 1817.
; His
concertos Symphonie concertante for two celebrated Miserere was composed for the
;
violins, with orchestral accompaniment 30 Sistine Chapel, and is considered equal to

;
airs varies 3 string quartets

; Sonata for those by Allegri and Bai, and still used. As
;
pianoforte and violin 24 preludes iu all keys a writer on music he is the author of " Saggio
;
and several smaller compositions for the sopra r identita de'ritmi musicaliepoetichi"
violin. A posthumous work, 'Observations (Florence, 1820) his most important work ;
was the monograph, "Memorie storico-criti-

che della vita e delle opere di Giovanni
Pierluigi da Palestrina," etc. (Rome, 1828).
Member
of Berlin Academy, 1837, of the
Deutsche National Musik Verein, 1839. His
princiiâl compositions are Salmi ed Inni :
a quattro voci, etc. (1804) Inni ad otto ;
voci, etc. (1807) Tutto il servigio per la ;
aux concours de violon du Conservatoire de solenne messa del martedi santo, etc., II Te
Musique," was published iu Paris (1872).^ Deum o Inno Arubrogiano ad otto voci, etc
no
BAJETTI
(1815) ; Tutto il servigio di chiesa anuuale, Haydn Societj', a position which he held
etc.(1816) II tei'zo Miserere a tlieci voci for six years, appearing in solos at many of
;
per servigio della cappella poutiticia, etc. the society's concerts. In 1847 the pre-
(1821). Besieies these he composed a great liminary work of establishing a music-
jiumber of masses, motets, hymns, psahns, school in Boston was begun by Îr. Baker,
and church _ and in 1851 the Boston Music School was
concertos 1.,',,,^^,^,
for from
r^5^
0*^ incorporated, with a full corps of teachers
fa-uu-^ in the various dejjartments, Mr. Baker be-
I -'I
four to ing vocal instructor and principal. The

twelve voices. Allgem.
mus. Zeitg., xxxvi. establishment of this school was an im-
473 Fetis Mendel Schilling do., Sup- portant event in the development of musi-
; ; ; ;
plement, 13. cal culture in America. In 1868 the school

BAJETTI, GIOVANNI, born at Brescia, was closed, and Mr. Baker retired from ac-
Italy, in 1815, died in Milan, April 28, 1876. tive professional work. Works Vocal :
Dramatic composer, and musical director Death of Osceola, quartet, 1846 Stars of ;
at the Teatro della Scala, Milan. Works the Summer Night, quartet, 1865 Ave Ma-
: ;
Gonzalvo, opera, given at Milan, La Scala, ria, 1871 The Storm King, cantata, 1856
; ;
1841; II genio d' Italia, Piaceuza, 1843; The Burning Ship, do., 1858 Camillus, the ;
L' assedio di Brescia, Milan, 1844 Faust Roman Conqueror, do., 1865
; and other ;
(ballet with Costa and Panizza). ib., 1848 songs and quartets. He is also the author
;

Uberto da Brescia, ib., 18G6. Fetis do.. of Baker's Thorough Bass and Harmony,
;
Supplement, i. 38. and has compiled several books of glees

BAIvER, BENJAiVnN FEANKLIN, and anthems.
born of American BAKER, GEORGE, born in Exeter,
parentage in Wen- England, in 1773, died at Eugeley, Feb.
ham, Massachusetts, 19, 1847. Organist, pupil (about 1780) of
July 10, 1811, still Hugh Bond and of William Jackson, organ-
living, 1888. In ist of Exeter Cathedralhe also studied the
;
1822 he removed to violin under Ward, and the jjianoforte and

Salem, and at the age violin under Dussek and William Cramer
of fourteen began in London in 1790. He was organist of
to sing in the choir Stafford in 1795, of Derby in 1810, and of
of the Howard Street Rugeley in 1824 received the degree of
;
Presbyterian Chui'ch Mus. Doc, Oxford, about 1801. Baker

in that city. Dur- wrote anthems, glees, organ voluntaries,
ing 1828-33 he resided in Boston, whence pianoforte sonatas, songs, manj' of them
he removed to Bangor, Maine, to engage composed for Incledon, and music to The
in commercial pursuits, without, however, Caffres, given unsuccessfully at Coveut
severing his connection with music. In Garden Theatre, June 2, 1802. Grove ;
1836 he returned to Boston, studied Fetis.

under John Paddon, and sang in the BALAIOREV, JHLY ALEXEJEVICH,
choir of the Chauucey Place Church, born at Nijni Novgorod, Russia, in 1836,
and in the following year took charge of still living, 1888. Pianist, appeared in con-
the music in the Rev. Dr. Chanuing's certs when still a boy, although he did not
Church. In 1841 he was chosen succes- take up music as a profession until after
sor to Lowell Mason, to teach music in his acquaintance with Ulibischeff. In 1856
the public schools of Boston, and was he appeared as pianist in St. Petersburg
elected vice-president of the Handel and with great success, and in 1862 founded,
Ml
: :
BALART
with Lainakin, the free School of Music, conduct Mozart's Requiem, and accejsted
of which he assumed direction iu 1867. the leadership of the Philharmonic Society,
He conducted the which he conducted six years, and in 1862
concerts of the Rus- became conductor also of the Musical Un-
sian Music Society in ion. He gave symphony concerts on his
1SG7-70, but retired own account, iu 1867 became conductor of
into private life in the Germania Mannerchor, in 1870 made
1872. He is a fol- a concert tour with Madame Pappenheim
lower of the Berlioz- through the Northwest, and after again
Liszt school. His leading the Milwaukee Musikvereiu, re-
principal works are turned, in 1873, to Chicago, where, with
Overtures Rus- the exception of a short engagement in
on
sian, and St. Louis, he has since resided. During
Sj)anish,
Czech themes Music to King Lear Bla- these later years he has organized the Lie-
; ;
rney, Oriental fantasy for pianoforte Other derkranz Society and the Mozart Club, both
;

music for do. Riemann. vocal, and he is now (1888) conductor of
BALART, GABRIEL, born in Barce- the newly established Chicago Symjjhony So-
lona, Sjmin, June 8, 1824, still living, 1888. ciety. Works The Power of Song, double :
Dramatic composer began his musical chorus for male voices, received first prize
;
studies in Spain, finished them in Paris, at the Cincinnati Siingerfest, 1856 Festi- ;
and returned home iu 1852. He has been val Cantata for soprano and grand orches-
orchestra leader of the ijrincipal theatres tra, 1869 about 20 fantasias and tran- ;
of Barcelona and of Madrid, and has pub- scrij)tions for orchestra Quartets and cho- ;
lished vocal and instrumental pieces, and ruses for male and mixed voices 26 ;
several zarzuelas : Un rapacion de Candas songs with orchestral and pianoforte accom-
;
Los guardias del Rej' de Siam (Barcelona, paniments.

18G6) ; El tulipan de los mares Amor y ; BALBI, LUDOVICO, born iu Venice,
Arte. Fi'tis, Supplement, i. 38. middle of 16th century, died there in
BALATKA, HANS, born, of Austrian 1608. Church composer and contrapunt-
parentage, in H o ff - ist, pupil of Costanzo Porta. Early in life
nungsthal, Moravia, he entered the Franciscan order, and about
March 5, 1828, still liv- 1591 became maestro di cappella at S.
ing, 1888. He began Antonio, Padua, and about 1606 at the
his musical education convent of his order, Venice. He was
as a choir-boy in the esteemed one of the most eminent musi-
01m (itz Cathedral in ;
cians of his time, a reputation justified by
1846^8 he studied his numerous masses, motets, and madri-
harmony, composition, gals (Venice, 1576-1606). With Giovanni
and singing in Vienna, Gabrieli and Orazio Vecehi he edited
under Seohter, and Gentiluomo, Graduale et Antiphonarium, juxta ritum
and during that time was conductor of Missalis et Breviarii novi (Venice, 1591).
the Academical Singing Societies in that Fctis ; Mendel.
city. In consequence of the Revolution BALBI, MELCHIORE, born
Cavaliere,
of 1848 he went to America in 1849, and in Venice, June 4, 1796, died Padua,
in
settled in Milwaukee, where, in 1851, he June 22, 1879. Organist, pupil, at Padua,
founded the Milwaukee Musikvei-ein, of of Alessandro Nini and of Gaetano Valeri
which he was the conductor for nine and organ, of Antonio Calegari
for pianoforte
years. In 1860 he went to Chicago to for harmony and fugue. He was maestro
U3
BAL
concertatore of two theatres in 1818, maes- violin solos at the Loudon oratorios, and
tro di Antonio in 1853 ;
cappella at S. was subsequentlj' engaged in the Drury
Academician of the Institute of Florence in Lane orchestra,
1868, for wliieh he wrote three memoirs, which he led when
and for which he was made Chevalier of the director, T.
the Order of the Crown of Italy, and a Cooke, appeared on
member of many Italian and foreign socie- the stage. About
ties. Works Solemn mass. Requiem
: he studied this time
mass, Solemn do., with choruses, orches- composition under
tra, and four organs, all performed at S. C. F. Horn, organist
Antonio's, 1831, 18G9, 1871. He was the of St. George's Chajj-

author also of the following theoretical el, W i n d s o r. In
works : Antonio Cale- 1825, under the pat-
Sistema armonico d'
gari (Milan, 1829) Grammatica ragionata ronage of Count Mazzara, he visited Rome,
;
della musica sotto 1' aspetto di lingua where he studied counterpoint under Fre-
(1845) Nuova Scuola casata sul sistema dcrici, afterwards head of the Conservatorio,
;
semi-tonato equabile, 1 jsart (1872). Fetis, Milan.

Later, he received vocal instruction
Supplement, i. 38. from Filippo Galli, at Milan, where in 1827
BAL COSTUMlfi (Costume BaU), twen- he comjjosed his first dramatic piece, a bal-
ty characteristic pieces for pianoforte {-i La Perouse. Rossini offered
lad entitled,
bands), by Anton Eubinstein, op. 103. Pub- him an engagement as principal baritone at
lished by Bote & Bock (Berlin). Two series the Italian Opera, Paris, with the proviso
of these pieces were afterwards scored for that he should take preparatory lessons
orchestra by the composer. from Bordogni the projôsal was accepted,
;
BALDASSAKI, PIETRO, Roman com- Balfe making a successful debut in Figaro

poser of the 17th century. He was the au- in 1828. In 1829-30 he was principal bari-
thor of an oratorio, Applausi eterni dell' tone at Palermo, where he produced his
Amore manifestato nel Temj>o (Brescia, first opera, I Eivali di se stessi, written in
1709).Ft'ti.s. twenty days. Sliortly afterwards he sang with
BALDUCCI, GIOVANNI, Italian dramatic Mallbran at La Scala, Milan, and in 1835 re-
composer, contemporary, pupil of the Royal turned to London, where he sang at public
College of Music, Naples. Works II Conte and private concerts.
: From the latter year
di Marsico, melodrama for female voices, dates his career as a eomiôser of English
with accompaniment for two pianofortes, operas. In the following autumn he appeared
1830 ; La Drury Lane iu 1837 he sang the part of
sorciera di Benevento, opera in at ;
two acts, Naples, 1837

Bianca Tui'enga, Theodore in his own opera, Joan of Arc and
; ;
oijera, Naj^les, 1838. Fetis. in 1839 appeared as Farinelli in Barnett's

BALFE (Balph), MICHAEL WILLIAM, opera, at Drurj' Lane, and iu a translation
born at Limerick, Ireland, May 15, 1808, of Ricci's Scaramuccia, at the Lyceum. Be-
died at Rowney Abbey, Hertfordshire, Oct. ing unsuccessful as manager of the Lj-ceum
20, 1870. Dramatic composer, baritone (the English opera-house), he went iu 1840
singer, and violinist. After instruction to Paris, where he wrote, and jjroduced at
on the violin, he studied under O'Rourke the Opera Comique, two operas. The most
(known in London as Rooke), who brought popular and successful of Balfe 's works, The
him out as a violinist in May, 181G. In Bohemian Girl, was given in London, Nov.
1818 he composed a ballad, " The Lover's 27, 1843. While writing L'Etoile de Seville
Mistake," which was sung by Mme Vestris for the Acadcmie Royale iu 1845, he was re-
in Paul Pry. In 1824 he played successful called to London to make aiTangements for
;
BALLADE
his engagement as conductor of Her Majes- The Knight of the Leop- Balfe's last opera.
ty's Theatre, a position he hekl until was given in Italian as II Talismano at
its ard,
close in 1852. Balfe ^Yas in Vienna about Drury Lane on June 11, 1874. Miscellane-
1846, and in Berliu bringing out some of ous music Mazeppa, cantata (London), 2 :
his ojêras in 1849 in the latter year,

;
until 1852, he conducted a series of

national concerts at Her jMajesty's
Theatre ; but, although important

works were produced, this enteri^rise
was not successful. In 1852 he visited
St. Petersburg and Trieste, returning
to England in 1856. A French ver-
sion of The Bohemian Girl, revised and added others, written at Paris and Bologna, and
to by the composer, was given at the Thea- many ballads, glees, part-songs, etc. Ken-
tre Lyrique, Paris, in December, 1869, with ney, A Memoir of ]\I. W. Balfe (London,
such success that he was made chevalier of 1875) ; Clement, Mus. celebres, 511 Fetis ;
the Legion of Honor by the French Emperor, Grove Mendel

; Schilling, Supplement, 14
;
and Commander of the Order of Carlos by Riemann, Lex.

the Regent of Spain. Works Operas I : BALLADE, the title given by Chopin to
Rivali di se Stessi, Palermo, 1829 Un Av- ; four pieces of his pianoforte music, which
vertimento ai Gelosi, Pavia, 1830 Eurico ; have no special character beyond that they
rV. al Passo della Marna, Milan, 1831 ;
are all written in triple time. 1, Op. 23, in
The Siege of Rochelle, London, Drury Lane, G minor 2, op. 38, in F major 3, op. 47,
; ;
1835 The Maid of Artois, ib., 1836 Cath-

; ; in A-flat major 4, op. 52, in ; F minor.
erine Grey, Joan of Arc, ib., 1837 Diadeste, ; Brahms also has published four Balladen
ib., 1838'; Falstaff, Her Majesty's Theatre, for the pianoforte, op. 10 ; and Liszt two
1838 ; Keolanthe, Lyceum, 1840 ; Le Puits Ballades for the same, op. 36.
dAmour, Comique, 1843 Les
Paris, Oiêra ; BALL.ADE SUR LA MORT D'OPHfi-
quatre Fils dAymon, 1844 The Bo-
ib., ; LIE. See Tridia.
hemian Girl, London, Drury Lane, 1843 ;
BALLAROTTI, FRANCESCO, Italian
Daughter of St. Mark, ib., 1844 The En- ; dramatic composer, flourished about the
chantress, ib., 1845 UEtoile de Seville,
; end of the 17th and the early part of the
Paris, Academic Roy ale de Musique, 1845 ;
18th centurj'. Works O^jeras : Alcibiade
The Bondman, London, Drury Lane, 1846 ;
(Alciade ?), o violenza d' amore (with Polla-
The Maid of Honour, ib., 1847 The Sicil- ; rolo and Gasparini), given at Venice, 1699 ;
ian Bride, Drury Lane, 1852 The Devil's ; Ai'iovisto (with Perti and Paolo Magni),
in it, Surrey Theatre, 1852 Pittore e Duca,
; IVIilan, 1699 L' Amante impazzito, Venice,
;
Trieste, 1856 The Rone of Castile, Lyceum,

; 1714. Fetis.
1857 La Zingara (Italian vei-sion of The
; BALLERINA AMANTE, LA, Italian op-
Bohemian Girl), Her jMajesty's Theatre, era, music by Cimarosa, represented at Na-
1858 ; Salanella, Lyceum, 1858 ; Bianca, ples, 1782.
1860 ; The The BALLO DELLE INGRATE, ballet by
Puritan's Daughter, 1861 ;
Armourer of Nantes, Blanche de Nevers, Claudio Monteverde, represented in Man-

1863 The Sleeping Queen, operetta, Lon- tua, 1608. This work, performed at the same
;
don, Gallery of Illustration, 1863 ; La Bo- time with the composer's Orfeo, was a mytho-
hemienne (French version of The Bohemian logical spectacle, showing the punishment
Girl, with many additions, and extended in Hades of fair ones who trifle with the
into five acts), Paris, Theatre Lyrique, 1869. affections of their swains.
114
BALLO
BALlLO in MASCHERA, IL (The Masked sandro Bettini, was followed socm after by a
opera in four acts, text by Som- separation.
Bail), Italian
lua, music by Verdi, tirst represented at the Cast in Paris.
Teatro Apollo, Rome, Feb. 17, 1859. It
Duca d' Olivarez Mario.
was originally called Gustavo HI., the sub- Graziani.
Renato, Secretary
ject being identical with that of Gusiave Battu.
Oscar, a page
HI. ou le Bal Masque of Scribe, set to
Adelia, wife of Renato Penco.
music by Auber, and was written for the Mme Alboni.
Ulrica, a sorceress
San Carlo, Naples but during the re-
;
hearsals Orsini made his attempt on the Un Ballo in Maschera was first produced
life of Najjoleon III. (Jan. 13, 1858), and in London, at the Lyceum, June 15, 18G1 ;
the jjerformauce was interdicted by the au- a French version, text by Edouard Duprez,
thorities on account of its conspiracy scene. was given at the Theatre Lj'rique, Paris,
Verdi's refusal to adapt his music to a new November, 18G9. The opera is strong in
libretto led to a suit against him by the dramatic situations, to which the music is
management of theSan Carlo for 200,000
francs damages, and almost to a revolution
in Naples,where the pojûlace greeted the
composer with shouts of "Viva Verdi," the
letters of his name being given a political
significance by being made to represent the
initials of I'ittorio jEJmmanuele -St) Z*' /talia.
Verdi finally took his work to Rome, where
the censorship permitted its production
with a change of scene and characters.
The scene was changed to Massachusetts,
and the action was made to turn on the
assassination, at a masked ball in the co-
lonial times, of Riccardo, Earl of Warwick
and Governor of Boston, instead of King Zelia Trebelli.
Gustavus m. of Sweden. In its new guise
the piece was full of anachronisms and ab- well adapted. Among the most noteworthy
surdities, but the beauty of its musical set- numbers are in the first act the romanza of
;
ting made it au unqualified success. On Riccardo " La rivedrii, nell' estasi " the
:
its production in Paris, at the Theatre aria of Reiuhart, "Di speranze e glorie pi-
Italien, Jan. 13, 1861, JLuio, who was cast ena " and the ballata of Oscar, " Volta la
;
for Riccardo, objected to the costume terrea f route alle stelle." In the second
(small clothes, red coat, and epaulets), act (or the third as now sung) are Amelia's
and the scene was again changed from aria " Ma dall' arido stelo " her duet with
:
;
Boston to Naples, and the Earl of Warwick Riccardo, "M'ami, in' ami;" and the trio
was made into the Duke of Olivarez. The of the two and Reiuhart, "Odi tu come."
principal characters, Riccardo and Amelia, The last act opens with a scene between
were represented originally by Fi'aschini Reinhart and Amelia, in which the latter
and Mile Lagrua. The role of Amelia is sings a minor andante, "Morro, ma prima,
a favourite with Mme Zelia Trebelli (nee in grazia," and the former au aria, " O dol-
Gillebert, Paris, 1838 her stage name is cezze perdute," which is always popular.
;
obviously her maiden reversed), whose Then comes the trio and the quartet of
name
marriage, in 18G3, to the tenor singer Ales- the conspiracy music, and later the beau-

BAL MASQUE
tiful song of the page, " Saper voireste," Le Docteur Quinquina, operetta, ib.. Casino
aud scene and the assassiua- des Galeries Saint-Hubert Grand concerto
tiually the ball ;
tiou.
Hauslick, Moderne Oper, 237. symphonique for pianoforte and orchestra,
BAL HIASQUE, LE, by Auber. See Namur, 1870 Messe solennelle, with cho- ;
Gustave III. rus and orchestra, Namur, 1872 Cantata ;
BALTAZAR, oratorio, music by Giaeomo for soli, chorus, and orchestra, Lille, 1875 ;
Carissimi. MS. in National Library, Paris. Several fantaisies for pianoforte ; a concerto
It has been published by Chrysander (Schott). for the trumpet ; ballet music, etc. Fetis,
BALTAZARINI (Baltageriui, Mendel Ergiinz., 23.
Balthazar Supplement, i. 39 ; ;
de Beaujoyeuls), flourished in the 16th BALTZAR, THOMAS, born in Liibeck,

century. An Italian musician, and jjerhaps Germany, about 1630, died in London,
the best violinist of his day. Brought from buried July 27, 1663. Violinist, settled in
Piedmont to Paris in 1577 by the Marquis England in 1656, the first great performer
de Brissae, he became iuteudant of music ever heard there. At the Restoration he
aud first valet de chambre to Catherine became leader of the king's celebrated band
de' Medici, queen dowager. He introduced of twenty-four violins. Anthony Wood cred-
into France the five-stringed Italian violin its him with having introduced the shift
(tuned by 4ths from A to F). But his most and the use of the upper part of the finger-
important service was the introduction of board. His printed compositions appear in
the Italian dances into Paris he was the Playford's Division Violin
; a set of sonatas ;
real founder of the ballet in France, aud, for lyra violin, treble violin, and bass viol,
through the ballet, of the opera. In this were sold at the auction of Thomas Britton,
labor he associated with himself the best aud Burney owned some MS. solos. Grove ;
Parisian musicians of the daj'. His most Fetis; Burney; Schilling.

important work was Circe, or Le ballet BAMBINI, FELICE, born at Bologna,
comique de la Heine (-Ito, Paris, Adrieu Italy, about 1742, died in Paris during the
Le Eoy et Robert Ballard, 1582). Some first years of this century. Dramatic com-
other ballets by him are in MS. in the Na- poser and jjianist, went to France in 1752
tional Library, Paris.
Ludovic Celler, Les with an Italian opera troupe, of which his
Origiues de I'Opera, 135 (Paris, 1868). father was director, first aft Strasburg, then
B.\LTHAS.Ul, FLORENCE, Henry Mat- in Paris, where young Bambini, then nine
thias BaUhasar, called, born at Arlon, Bel- years old, accomiiauied the ^performances
gium, Oct. 21, 1844, stiU living, 1888. Dra- on the pianoforte, and even composed airs,
matic composer and pianist, pujDil at the which were introduced in the intermezzi.
Conservatoire, Brussels, in 1857, studied Remaining in Paris after the expulsion of
the pianoforte under Auguste Dupout, the the Italian troupe, he studied imder Bor-
organ under Leramens, harmony under denave and Rigade, and settled down as a
Adolphe Samuel, fugue and counterj)oint teacher of the pianoforte. Works Les :
inider Futis, obtaining successively all the amauts de village, comic opera, given in
prizes in these studies. He performed in Paris, Nouveau Theatre Italien, 1764 Ni- ;
public at Namur, where he lived, and in caise, do., Opera Comique, 1776 LAmour ;
1868 brought out a dramatic overture at r emporte, do., Theatre de Beaujolais, about
the Concerts populaires in Brussels, and in 1787 8 sonatas for pianoforte Trios for
; ;
1870 the fragments of several symphonies. violin, viola, and violoncello 6 sympho- ;
In 1875 he took the jDrize given by the city nies ; Little airs for ijianoforte with violin.
of Lille for a cantata. Works: Une croy- Fetis ; Schilling.
ance bretonne, opura-bouffe, given at Brus- BANCHIERI, ADRIANO, born in Bo-
sels, Thciitre de la Monnaie, about 1868 logna in 1567, died in 1634. Organist, pujnl
;
;
BAKCK
of Gerami, who was organist of the Cathe- Tubingen and Jena until 1840, when he set-
dral of Lucca, aud later of S. Marco in Ven- tled at Dresden. In 1861 he married an
ice. Banehieri was first organist of Sta. American, and visited America in 1867. He
Maria iu Regola, Iniola, and in 1G03 of S. is one of the most eminent musical critics
Michele in Bosco, near Bologna. He wrote of Germany. Besides songs and part-songs
church and dramatic music, and intermedj he has published some music for pianoforte.
for comedies, such as La pazzia senile, etc. Mendel Riemann Schilling, Sujiplement.
; ;
(Venice, 1598, reprinted at Cologne) ; its BANISTER, HENRY CHARLES, born

pendant, La jsrudeuza giovenile, which he in London, June 13,
entitled Comedia iu musica (Milan, 1G07) ; 1831, still living,
La barca di Venezia a Padua (Venice, 1623) 1888. Pianist, son

and La fida fanciulla, etc. (Bologna, 1(528, and pujiil of Henry
1629). His canzonette for four and three Joshua Banister
voices are dated 1595, 1596, 1597, 1598 and (1803-1847, violon-
;
his madrigals for three and four voices 1593, cellist), but mostly
1594, 1600, 1602, 1623. Besides these he self-taught studied ;
had many collections of motets, concertos, also at the Royal

and masses. His 7th work is Fautasie e Academy of Music
psalmi, canzone alia francese (1603). Of his under Cipriani Potter, won the King's Schol-
theoretical works his first, " Conclusioni per arship iu 1846 aud 1848, and became assistant
orgauo," appeared at Lucca iu 1591 his most professor of harmony and composition in
;
important, "L' Organo suonarino " (Venice, 1851, and professor in 1853. He has been pro-
1605), contained the first jwecise rules for fessor of harmony at the Guildhall School
accompanying from a figured bass (pub- of Music since 1880, and at the Royal Nor-
lished separately by Lomazzo at Milan) iu mal College for the Blind.
; Works First :
the " Moderna practica musicale " (Venice, Symphony iu D, for orchestra (1847) ; Sec-
1613), he suggests alterations in the basso ond do. in E-flat (1848) ; Third do. in A
continuo in consequence of its influence on minor (1850) Fourth do. ; in A (1853) ; Fu-st
the ornaments in singing. Another book, Overture, for orchestra (1849) ; Second do.
the " Cartella Musicale " (1614), contains a
Cymbeline, Third do. (1852) ;Fourth do.
jH'oject forfounding an academy of science
The Serenade; Fifth do. From Sorrow
and monastery at Bologna. Ban- to Joy (1876)
art at his First Quartet for strings ;
ehieri wrote comedies under the name of (1848) Second do. (1850) String quartet in
; ;

Camillo Scaligeri della fratta. Grove Fe- E minor Sonata iu E, for pianoforte Sec-
; ; ;
tis ;Gerber, N. Lex. Schilling.

; ond do., four hands, in G minor (1850) Third ;
BANCK, KARL, born at Magdeburg, May do. in A-flat Fourth do. in A minor So- ; ;
27, 1809, still living, natas for iîanoforte iu B-flat, F-sharp minor
1888. Instrumental (2), F minor Fantasia in F minor, for ;
and vocal composer. pianoforte (1874) Andante aud Rondo for ;
pupil in Berlin of B. do. and orchestra (1852) Capriceio in A ;
Klein aud L. Berger, minor fordo.; Fantasia iu D, for do. (1863) ;
aud at Dessau (1829) Intermezzo in E, for orchestra (1875) Sa- ;
of Friedrich Schnei- cred cantata for chorus, solo voices, and or-
der. He visited Italy in chestra (1851) ; The Sea Fairies, cantata for
1831-32, then lived at female voices, and orchestra (1861) The ;
Magdeburg, Berlin, Maiden's Holiday, do., without orchestra ;
and Leipsic, where he entertained friendly Numerous songs, part-songs, aud pianoforte
relations with Robert Schumann, then at pieces.
117
;
BANISTEK
BANISTER, JOHN, born in Loudonin director to the King. Published works :
1G30, died there, Oct. 3, 1679. Dramatic Sonates pour violou, 1, 2, 3 liv. Deux suites ;
composer and de pieces a deux musettes, ceuv. 2 Six duos ;
violinist. His vio- pour deux musettes, ceuv. 3. Futis.

lin -playing at- B.APTISTIN (Batistiu), JEAN, born, of
tracted the notice German parents, in Florence, Italy, about
of Charles II., who 1690, died in Paris, Dec. 9, 17.55. Dramatic
sent him to Fi'ance composer and violoncellist in the orchestra
to study, and on of the Opera in Paris. His real name wâs
his return in 1663 Johann Struck. He stood in high favonr
made him leader with Louis XTV., who allowed him an an-
of his band. He nual pension during his sojourn in France.
was the first to es- "Works : Meleagre, Ij'ric tragedy, given in
tablish inLondon lucrative concerts, which Paris, Academic Koyale de Musique, 1709 ;
he kept up until near the time of his decease. Manto la Fee, do., ib., Opera, 1711 Poly- ;
He wrote the music to the tragic opera of dore, do., Academie, 1720 Four books of ;
Circe, by Dr. Charles Davenant, eldest son cantatas (Paris, 1706, 1708, 1711, 17U) ;
of Sir "William Davenant, given in 1676 at Collection of arias (ib., 1709). Several op-
the Duke and also wrote, eras and ballets, written for the court, and
of York's Theatre ;
Pelham Humfrey, the music to not performed in Paris. Fetis Mendel.

jointly with ;
The Tempest, performed in 1676. He was BARBE, ANTOINE, born, probably in

one of the contributors to Playford's Courtly Hainault, in the early part of the 16th cen-
Masquing Ayres (1662), and 25ublished some tury, died at Antwerp, Dec. 4, 1564. Church
lessons for viols or violins.
Grove Haw- composer, called to Antwerp in 1527 as mai-
;
kins, Notes to North's Memoirs of Musiek. tre de musique of the maitrise of Notre
BAPTISTE, JOHANN ALBRECHT
Dame, which position he held for thirty-five
FRIEDRICH, born, of French parents, at j-ears, becoming so famous as a composer
Oettingen, Bavaria, Aug. 8, 1700, died at and leader that the best musicians of that
Cassel about 1764. Yiolinist, lived in 1703- epoch placed themselves under his direc-
20 at Darmstadt, visited Paris in 1718, and tion. Nearly aU of his numerous masses,
travelled in Italy and most of the European motets, hymn.s, anthems, etc., that were ex-
countries until 1726, when he settled at ecuted daily at Notre Dame, were destroyed
Cassel as court dancing-master, his father's with the cathedral by the Iconoclasts in
2)rofession. "Works 12 solos for violin 6 1566.
: Only the following survive
; Two :
do. for violoncello 6 trios for oboe and motets (Antwerp, Van Visseuaken, 1542)
;
violoncello 36 solos for bass viol 12 con- Four-part song (ib., Tylman Susato, 1544)
; ; ;
certos for do. 6 sonatas for flute.

; Fetis
Vecy la danse de Barbaric, mass (ib., 1545-
;
Schilling. His sou (died, 1604) and grandson

46).
BAPTISTE (real name Baptiste both named Antoine, wex-e also
Anet), (died, 1626),
lived last of the 17th and beginning of the musicians of distinction. Biog. nat. de Bel-
18th centuries. Violinist, pupil of Corelli gique, i. 703.
for foui" years, from 1700. He went to BARBE-BLEU (Blue Beard), opera-bouffe
Paris, where he was looked upon as a musi- in three acts and four tableaux, text by
cal prodigy, and did much to develop violin- Henri Meilhac and Ludovic Halevy, music
playing by introducing Corelli's method by Offenbach, first represented at the Thea-
;
but he failed to suit the taste of Louis XIV., tre des Varietus, Paris, Feb. 5, 1866.
who preferred Lulli's music, and Baptiste B.ARBELLA, ElLiNUELE, born in Na-
went to Poland, where he became music ples, beginning of the 18th century, died
118
BARBEREAU
there iu 1773. Violinist pupil of his father Adam, who gave him lessons in composi-
;
Francesco Barbella, of Augjelo Zaga, and of tion and helped him to bring out at the
Pasqualiiio Biiii, a pupil of Tartini in Na- Lyri<pie, in 1855, Une nuit a Seville, which
ples instructed in counterpoint by Michele was favourably received. Two months after
;
Gabbalone and Leo. He had Kaimondi for he produced Rose et Narcisse (1855), and
his pupil. Works :C duets for 2 violins and since that time he has had his operas played
Gsonatasforviolin (London) 6 duets for vio- on all the lyric stages of France and in
;
lin 6 duets for 'cello, op. 4 (Paris). Burney, all the cafos-chantants of Paris.
; He has
in his History of Music, gives, Tinna Tonna, written more than sixty op6ras-comiques,
j)er prender souno, a chai-ming piece for ojserettes, and ballets, besides three hun-

double string, by Barbella. Ft'tis Schil- dred duets, romances, melodies, chanso-
;
ling. nettes, and dance music. He was chef d'or-

BARBEREAU, (MATHUEIN AUGUSTE) chestre of the Theatre International in
BALTHAZAR, born iu Paris, Nov. 14, 1799, 1867, and has been director at the Alcazar
died there, July 18, 1879. Instrumental for some years. He has been musical critic
composer, pupil of Eeicha at the Conserva- and has written for many musical sheets.
toire. He won the grand prix in 1824, vis- Besides operas mentioned, the following
ited Italy and Germanj^ was for some years have been given in Paris, at the Folies Nou-
chef d'orchestre at the Theatre des Nou- velles Le Pacha, Fraucaster, Le Page de :
veautes, and at the Theatre FranCj'ais, Mme

Malbrough, Le Faux Faust, 1858 ; Le
then
devoted himself for many years to historical Docteur Tam-Tam, 1859. At the Theatre
studies and teaching, and in 1872 became Dejazet Monsieur Deschalumeaux, Le :
professor at the Conservatoire. Works grand Roi d'Yvetot, 1859

: Le loup et ;
Agnes Sorel, cantata (grand jjrix, 1824) I'agneau, 18G2 Simon Terre-Neuve, 1863
; ; ;
Several overtures for orchestra Part of Deux permissions de dix heures, 1864
;
;
the music to the lyrical drama Les Syba- Panne aux airs. At the Theatre du Chalet
rites de Florence, given at the Theatre des des lies Les amours d'un Shah, Flamberge :
Nouveautes, 1831. He wrote a treatise au vent, 1861. At the Folies Marigny Ver- :
on composition (1845, unfinished) and sez. Marquis, La cigale et la fourmi, 1862

; ;
"Etudes sur I'origine du systfeme musical " La gamine du village, Les trois Normandes,
(1852, do.). Fetis; do.. Supplement, i. 1863 Achille chez Chiron, 1864.
; Th^-atre
42. Saint-Germain La bouquetiere de Trianon, :
BARBERS OF BASSORA, THE, English 1864. Bouifes Parisiens Mme Pygmalion, :
comic oj)era in two acts, text by Madison 1863 Un congres de modistes, 1865 Une ; ;
Morton, music by John Hullah, represent- femme qui a perdu sa clef, 1866. Theatre
ed at Covent Garden, London, Nov. 11, International Gervaise, 1867. Fantaisies :
1837. Parisiennes : Les oreilles de Midas, 1866 ;
BABBLER, FRfiDERIC fiTIENNE, born Les legendes de Gavarni, 1867 ; Le soldat

in Metz, Nov. 15, 1829, still living, 1888. malgre lui, 1868. Folies Berg^re : Mam'-
Dramatic composer, pupil of Darondeau, or- zelle Pierrot, 1869. Varictes : Mam'zelle
ganist at Bourges. He was destined for the Rose, 1874. At the Concert de I'Eldorado :
army or the law by his family, but a little ope- Le souper d'Arlequin ; Balladine et Cas-
ra-comique which he produced at Bourges, quenfer ; Un mariage au gros sel ; Don
Le Manage de Colombine, decided his career Ferocio ; Le beau chasseur ; Ferme le di-
and enabled him to devote himself to the manche Un proces en separation On de- ; ;
study of music. He went to Paris, was pre- mande un pretre Un souper chez la Con- ;
sented to Sevestre, director at the Lyrique, tat L'acteur Omnibus Un leudemain de

; ;
and made the acquaintance of Adoljahe noce La bonne de ma tante Une cause ; ;
119
BARBIER
celebre ; Le nez de cartou ; Le coq est thusiasm until supplanted by Rossini's
mort !
; La nouirice d'Hercule ; Millionaire ! work.
les point jaunes ; M. I'Alcade ; Maiu' Nico- BARBIERE DI SIVIGLIA, IL, Italian
las ; Le champagne de ma tante ; La fer- opera buffa in two acts, text by Sterbini, mu-
miere et son garjon Les deux clioristes sic by Rossini,
; ;
first represented, in Rome,
Marion de I'Orme, parody Luerece d'Or- at the Teatro Argentina, Feb. 5, 1816 in
; ;
geat, do.; Le tresor de Cassandra, Les cas- Paris, at the Salle Louvois, Oct. 26, 1819.
cades de Pierrot, La batte encliantije (pan- Rossini, who had bound himself, Dec. 26,
tomimes). At the Alcazar La fete de Mme 1815, to produce a new opera by the twen-
:
Denis Un scandale a I'Alcazar L'Orches- tieth of the following mouth, hesitated to

; ;
tre des Danoises ;Un- accept a libretto which Paisiello had treated
Les pifferari, ballet.
represented operas Le Miroir, operetta La so successfuU}', but, having obtained that
: ;
veuve Omphale La chaumiere indienne, composer's permission, wrote the score, it

;
of)era comique Corinne, do. Les incroj'a- is said, in thirteen days. To avoid the ap-
; ;
bles, opera bouife.

Fetis, Supplement, i. pearance of rivalry with Paisiello he named
42. his work, Almaviva, ossia 1' inutile precau-
BARBIER VON SIEVERING, DER zione (Almaviva, or the Useless Precaution),
(The Barber of Sievering), operetta, parodj' but the theatre was packed with the adhe-
on the Barbiere di Siviglia, music by A. Miil- rents of the older composer, who resented
ler, rejDresented at the Theater ander Wien, an intrusion on his rights, the new effort as
Vienna, about 1828. and the work was unmistakably damned ;
BARBIER DE TROUVILLE, LE (The but it was kept on the stage and continually
Barber of Trouville), operetta in one act, grew in favour until it became one of the
text by M. Henri (Jaime), music by Charles most poj)ular comic operas ever written.
Lecocq, represented at the Bouffes Parisi- A similar result attended its performance
ens, November, 1871. in Paris. It was coldly received by the
BARBIER DE \TLLAGE, LE (The Vil- critics, who demanded the Barbiere of Pai-
lage Barber), ojaera-comique in one act, siello but when the latter was put upon ;
text by A. J. Gretry, music by Gretry, rep- the stage at the Theatre Italien it met with
resented at the Theatre Feydeau, Paris, dismal failure and Rossini triumphed.
May G, 1797. Les barbieres de village,
French operetta, text by Blondelet and Original Cast in Rome, 1816.
Baumain, music by Firmin Bernicat, Paris, Rosina (A.) Signora Giorgi Righetti.
1878. See Der Dorfbarhier. Berta (S.) Signorina Rossi.
BARBIERE DI SIVIGLIA, IL (The Bar- Figaro (Bar.) Signor Luigi Zamboni.
ber of Seville ; Fr., Barbier de Seville Ger., Count Almaviva ; (T.) Signor Garcia.
Barbier von Sevilla), Italian ojjera bufifa, Bartolo (B.) Signor Botticelli.
text founded on the celebrated comedy of Basilio (Bar.) Signor Vitarelli.
Beaumarchais (1775), music by Paisiello,
first represented in St. Petersburg in 1780, Cast in Paeis, 1819.
and in Paris at the Theatre de Monsieur in Rosina Mme Ronzi de Begnis.
the Tuileries, July 12, 1789, and at the Berta
Theatre Feydeau, July 22, 1789. This Figaro Signor Pellegrini.
work, sung originally by Signori Viga- Count Almaviva Signor Garcia.
noni, Mengozzi, Mandini, Rovedino, Raf- Bartolo Signor Graziani.
fanelli,and by Signore Morichelli, Baletti, Basilio Signor de Begnis.
Zerbini, and Mandini, achieved a European
success and was always received with en- The opera was first produced in New
120
:
BARBIE RE
admission to the house in
York, at Niblo's Garden, Nov. 29, 182G, the aid of Figai-o,
the disguise of a drunken dragoon. Foiled
with the following remarkable cast
in this by the entrance of the guard, who
Rosiua Signorina Garcia (Malibran).
second time dis-
Berta Signora Garcia. aiTest him, he gets in a
music teacher, jsreteudiug to
Figaro Signor Garcia, Jr. guised as a
have been sent by Don Basilio, who is ill.
Almaviva Siguor Garcia, Sen.
confidence by showing
Bartolo Siguor Rosich. He secures Bartolo's
to himself, promising to
Basilio Signor Angrisani. him Rosina's letter
Signor CrevelH. persuade her that the letter has been given
Fiorillo
him by a mistress of the Count, and to thus
Siguor jSIanuel del Popolo-Vicente Gar-
break off the connection between the two.
cia, the father of Malibran and of Viardot
In an interview with Rosiua an elopement
Garcia, took the part of Almaviva, it will be
is planned, but Don Basilio comes in and
noted, in the original representations of the
the Count is obliged to make his escape.
opera Rome, Paris, and New York.
in
Dr. Bartolo arouses his ward's jealousy by
Among the most noted of the Rosinas of the
means of the letter, whereupon she tells of
present time is Mme
Patti (born at
Adeliua
the i^roposed elopement and promises to
marry him but at the time for the elope-
;
ment the Count and Figaro appear, a rec-

onciliation takes place, and the lovers are
' * -' married by a notary just as Bartolo appears
with officers to arrest the Count. The over-
ture of H Barbiere di Siviglia is taken from
Aureliano in Palmyra, an unsuccessful op-
era by Rossini, written in 1814. It had
previously served as the overture to Ciro in
Babilonia (1812) and later (1815) to EHsa-
betta, regina d' Inghilterra. In the first per-
formance, in the scene beneath Rosina's
balcony, Garcia introduced a Spanish air,
Adelina Patti.
but before the second performance Rossini
Madrid, Feb. 19, 1843), whose marriage (July wrote for it the beautiful cavatiua, " Ecco
29, 1868) to Henri, Marquis de Caux, Equerry ridente in cielo," borrowing the melody
to Napoleon IIL, was annulled in 1885 and from the opening chorus in Aureliano,
" Sposa del graude Osiride." In the second
followed by a second union with Signor Nieo-
lini (Ernest Nicolas), tenor singer. The scene Figaro sings the famous bufl'o aria,
scene of the opera is laid in Seville, Spain.

" Largo After a duet between
al factotum."
Rosina, ward of Dr. Bartolo, who desires Almaviva and Figaro, " Oggi arriva un reg-
by Count Almaviva, gimento," comes the piquant cavatina of
to marry her, is loved
known to her as Count Lindoro. The Rosiua, "Una voce poco fa," so often heard
Count prevails upon Figaro, the factotum in concerts. The celebrated Cakimny aria,
is a bass
of the place, to secure him an interview "La calunnia o un venticello,"
with his mistress, who lives with her guar- solo sung by Basilio, and the duet, "E il
dian, and, in spite of the latter's watchful- maestro io faecio," by Figaro and Rosina.
lesson of Ro-
ness and of that of Don Basilio, her music In the second act, the music
teacher, is in league with Bartolo, she sina gives the singer
who an opportunity for
sends her lover a letter informing him that interpolation, the original being
lost. The
with " Sempre gridi," sung by the duenna
she returns his passion, and he secures, aria,
121
;
BARBIE RI
Bertha, is taken from a Russian melody.
at the Cirque Theatre, and wrote a zar-
It is called "Aria di Sorbetto," zuela, Felipa, which was not jslayed.
iu Italy He
because the audience used to eat ices while joined an Italian opera company as a
it was sung. The trio " Zitti, zitti," is ta- supernumerary' and travelled through North-
ken from Haydn's Seasons, it being the ern Sjiain, and on his return to Madrid in
air sung hj Simon. The same subject has 1847 his career as a composer began, and
been treated musically by Louis Beuda, ever since he has been one of the best
Hamburg, 1782 by Elsj)erger, Sulzbach, known writers in Spain, and the chief pro-
;
1783 and by Schulz, Eeinsberg, 1786. Fig- moter of Spanish national opera in oppo-
;
aro, German opera, music by Tost, was rep- sition to Italian opera. He first wrote an
resented at Presbiu'g, 1795 Barbiere di Sivi- Italian opera, II buon tempo, but he soon
;
glia, Italian opera, music by Nicolo Isouard, joined a society forming at Madrid for the
Malta, about 179G. See also Nozze di Figaro. production of zarzuelas, or Spanish operas
Escudier, Rossini, sa vie, etc. Castil-Blaze, comiques, of which he became secretary
;
Theatres Lyriques de Paris Edwards, Life and a hard-working member, and was at
;
of R., 127 Stendhal, 136

;"
Hauslick, Mod- the same time musical critic on the "Ilustra-
;
erne Oper, 105 Musical Rev., ii. 66.

; cion." In 1850 he produced Gloria y Peluca,
BARBIERI, CARLO EMANUELE DI, zarzuela in one act, which obtained a won-
born at Genoa in 1822, died at Pesth, Sept. derful success, and was followed by several
29, 1867. Dramatic composer, pujjil of others, and in 1851 brought out Jugar con
Mercadante at Naples. He conducted the fuego, which was greeted with enthusiasm
orchestra in several Italian opera houses, and he became a popular favourite. He
then in 1845 in Vienna, and in 18-47 iu brought out no less than sixty works in the
Berlin, and was Kapellmeister at the Stadt next twenty-five years, some of which were
Theater in Hamburg in 1851-53. He then written in collaboration with other mem-
went with an Italian opera troupe to Rio bers of the Zarzuela Society, the com-
Janeiro, and after his return in 1856 lived posers Hernando, Oudrid, Inzeuga, Gaz-
iu Vienna, teaching music until 1862, when tambide, and the dramatic author Don
he became Kapellmeister at the National Luiz Olona. The list comprises Tramoya, :

Theatre in Pesth. Works Operas Cristo- Escenas de Chamberi (with Oudrid, Her-
:
foro Colombo, given in Berlin, 1848 Nisida, nando, and Gaztambide), 1850 La Jacara,
; ;
la Perla di Procida, 1851 Carlo und Car- ballet, La Piscaresca (with Gaztambide),
;
lin, 1859 Perdita, ein Wiutermiirchen, Jugiir con fuego, Por seguir a una mujer
;
Leipsic, 1865, and at Cracow, Prague, Wei- (with Oudrid, Inzenga, Gaztambide), 1851 ;
mar, Magdeburg, Kunigsberg, Berlin, etc. La hechicera, El Manzanares, Gracias a

Masses Pianoforte pieces
; German and Dios que estil puesta la mesa, 1852 La es-
; ;
Italian songs. Mendel. pada de Bernardo, El Marques de Caravaca,

BMtBIERI, FRANCISCO ASENJO, Don Simplicio Bobadilla (with Gaztambide,
born in Madrid, Aug. 3, 1823, still living, Hernando, and Inzenga), Galanteos en Veni-
1888. Dramatic composer, pupil of the Con- cia, 1853 Un dia de reinado (with Gaz-
;
servatorio Maria Christina, Madrid, under tambide, Inzenga, and Oudrid), Aventura
Pedro Albenez for pianoforte, Ramon Broca de un cantante, Los Diamantes de la Coro-
for clarinet, Baltazar Saldoni for singing, and na, 1854 Mis dos mujeres, Los dos ciegos,
;
of Carnicer in composition. He was educated El vizconde, El Sargento Federico, 1855 ;
as a doctor and a civil engineer, but his love Eutre dos aguas, Gato por liebre. La Zar-
of music led him to adopt it as a profession. zuela (with Gaztambide and Arrieta for the
For several years he liad a hard struggle, but inauguration of the Zarzuela Theatre), 1856 ;
at last he became a member of the chorus El Diablo en el poder, 1856 El relampago. ;
122
BARBIE ROLLI
1857 ; Por conquista, Amar sin conocer, Uu BARCAROLLE, L.\, or LAmour et la
caballero particular, 1858 El robo de las ; musique (Love and Music), French opera-
sabinas, El nifio, Conipromisos del uo ver, coniique in three acts, text by Scribe, orig-
Eutre mi imijer y el negro, 1859 Un Tesoro ; inal plot, music by Auber first represented ;
escondido, 18G1 Los herederos el secreto

; at the Opera Comique, Paris, April 22, 1845.
de una dania, 1862 Dos picboues del Tu-
; BARDES, LES. See Ossian.
ria, 1863 Pan y toros, 186-1 Gibraltar en
; ; BARGIEL, WOLDEMAR, born in Ber-
1890, El rabano portas hojas, Eevista de lin, Oct. 3, 1828,
un muerto juicio del aiio 1865 (with Eogel), still living, 1888.
De tejas arriba, El pavo de Navidad, 1866 ;
His father was a
El pan de la boda, 1868 El soprano, La ; music teacher in
maya, 1869 Robinson, 1870 Los holga-
; ; Berlin, his mother
zanes, Don Pacifico, El liombre es debil, the divorced wife
1871 El tribute de las cien doncellas,
; of Friedrich
Suefios de oro, 1872 El proceso de can- ; Wieck ; he is thus
can, 1873 Los comediantes de antano. La
; step-brother t o
despedida, lyrical monologue, El domador Clara Schumann.
de fieras, El testamento azul. El barberillo He studied the
de Lavapies, 1874 La vuelta al niundo
; pianoforte, violin,
(with Rogel), 1875. Fetis,
Supjjlument, i. and organ at home, and counterpoint un-
44 ; Mendel, Ergiinz., 24Kiemaun, Lex. der Dehn.
; In 1846 he went to Leijjsic,
BARBIEEOLLI, LORENZO, born at where he spent two years at the Conser-
Rovigo, Italy, in 1813, still living, 1888. vatory, of which Jlendelssohn was then
Dramatic composer, known by the opera, du-ector. In 1850 he began teaching in
I Trojani in Laurento, given at Rovigo, Berlin, and gradually established his repu-
1836, Venice, 1837. Fetia tation aa a composer by the publication
BARBIREAU (Barbarian, Barbingaut, of several pianoforte pieces, orchestral and
Barbiryant, Barbyrianus), JACQUES, bom chamber works. He had already made
perhaps at Mons, Hainault, died at Antwerp, some mark in Leipsic with a string-octet,
Aug. 8, 1491. Church composer and cele- which was played at one of the public ex-
brated contrapuntist he is mentioned as aminations at the Conservator^'. In 1859
;
choir-master at Notre Dame, Antwerj), as he got a professorship at the Cologne Con-

early as 1448, was considered one of the servatory, and in 1865 was made Kapell-
highest musical authorities of his time, and meister and director of the music school at
the master of many famous musicians who Rotterdam. In 1874 he became professor at
lived in his, and at the beginning of the 16th Joachim's Hochschule fiir Musik in Berlin.
century, notably Okeghem, Jacotin, Breden- Bargiel is one of the more prominent fol-
iers, Egide Charlier, and Van den Wj'ngaert. lowers of Schumann he has not been a vo- ;
Under bis direction the musical service at luminous composer, but some of his works
Notre Dame attained to a very high standard. entitle him to a high position in modern
He was a friend of Rudolf Agricola, with German music. His best known work is the
whom he maintained a literary correspond- overture to Medea, which holds an honour-
ence. In thelmjierial Library, Vienna, are the able place in the current concert repei'tory.
manuscripts of the following Virgo parens : Works : Overture Zur einem Trauerspiel,
Chi-isti, mass for five voices Faulx perverse, ; op. 18 ; do. to Medea, op. 22 do. to Pro- ;
do. for four voices Kyrie of an Easter mass,

; metheus ; do. to Romeo und Julie (? is
for do.; Kyrie and Christe of another mass. possibly op. 18) ; Synqihony in C ; Trois
Biog. uat. de Belgique, i. 712 FetLs. ; danses brillantes, for orchestra, op. 24 ;
;
;
BAEKOUF
Psalm 9G for double eliorus, op. 33 ; Two many triumphs. Karl Maria von Weber, on
psalms, oj). 25 and 26 ; Trio for piauoforte, his visit to Munich in 1811, wrote for him
violin, and violoncello, op. G ; do., op. 20 ;
three clarinet-concertos, became his friend,
do., op. 37 ; Suite for pianoforte and violin, and travelled with him in the same year
op. 17 ;Sonata for do., op. 10. For piano- while in Vienna during the Congress of
forte : Drei Charakterstiicke, ojd. 1 ; do., 1813, he was intimate with Meyerbeer, who
op. 8 ; Drei Notturnos, also composed for him, as later on did
Nachtstiicke, op. 2 ;
op. 3 Secbs Bagatellen, op. 4: Phautasien, Mendelssohn, with whom he formed a life-
; ;
op. 5, 12, 19 Suite (4 hands), op. 7 Drei long friendship. His compositions are re-
; ;
Phantasiestiicke, op. 9 ; Marscli und Fest- and thorough, and continue

fined, brilliant,
reigen, op. 11 ; Scherzo, op. 13 ; Suite, op. in high favour with clarinetists. Among the
21 ; Sonata (4 hands), op. 23 Phantasie- ; thirty-eight works published are Concertos :
stiick, oj). 27 Acht Pianofortestiicke, op.

; and concertinos, op. 24, 27, 28 (Leipsic,
32 ; Drei do. Wochenblatt (1871), ii. 424. Breitkopf & Hiirtel) Fantasias and sonatas
;
BARKOUF, French opt-ra-boufte in three with orchestra, op. 26, 31 (ib.) Quintets ;
acts, text by Scribe and Boisseaux, music for clarinet, two violins, viola, and violon-
by Offenbach, represented at the Opera Co- cello, op. 19, 22, 23 (ib.) ;
Quartets for do.,
mique, Paris, Dec. 24, 1860. The subject op. 18, 25 (ib.) Airs varies with orchestra, ;
is derived from a political and philosophi- op. 12, 20, 21, 29, 37 (ib., and Leipsic, Hof-
cal tale by the Abbe Blanchet. Barkouf is meister Bonn, Simrock Paris, Gambaro) ; ;
a bull-dog, sent by the Grand Mogul to Divertissements, oj). 34, 35, 38 Duets, ;
govern the inhabitants of Lahore, the most etudes, and solos. His son and pupil Karl
turbulent of his subjects. The people (born in Munich, Oct. 24, 1811, died there.
tremble whenever the dog barks, but a May 24, 1885), also stands high as a virtu-
young girl named Maima tames the beast oso on the clarinet and basset-horn. He
and rules Lahore so justly and successfully accompanied his father to St. Petersburg in
in his name that when Barkouf is unfort- 1832, and to Paris in 1839, and succeeded
unately killed all mourn his loss. to his position in the royal orchestra at Mu-
BAEMANN, HEINRICH (JOSEF), born nich. His compositions number more than
at Potsdam, Feb. 17, 1784, died in Munich, eiglity- seven, besides an excellent method
June 11, 1847. Celebrated clarinetist, pu- for his instrument, in the construction of
pil of the oboe school at Potsdam in 1798 which he has also made great improvements.
;
he entered as clarinetist the band of the Allgeni. d. Biogr., ii. 69; Fetis Mendel; ;
roj'al guard, where his skill procured him Schilling do., Supplement. ;
the patronage of Prince Louis Ferdinand BARNARD, Mrs. CHARLES, born in

of Prussia, who emjsloyed him at his private England in 1834, died at Dover, Jan. 30,
concerts, and caused him to be instruct- 1869. Song writer, published many popular
ed by the royal chamber-musician Franz ballads under the pseudonym of " Claribel."
Tausch. After the battle of Jena he was She wrote also duets, trios, and quartets,
among the prisoners of war, bat, released and music for the pianoforte. Brown ;
after the Peace of Tilsit, he returned to Fetis, Supplement, i. 185.

Berlin, whence he proceeded to Munich, BARNBY, JOSEPH, born in York, Eng-
with a recommendation from the Crown land, Aug. 12, 1838, still living, 1888.
Prince Ludwig of Bavaria, and after the Organist, jnipil of the Royal Academy of
first court concert was at once appointed Music chorister in York Minster. He was ;
first clarinetist of the royal orchestra. St. Andrew's, In for nine years organist at
1808 he began a sei'ies of concert tours Wells Street, London was conductor of ;
throughout Eurojae, which constituted as Barnby's Choir, of the Oratorio Concerts,

ia4
:
; ;
BARNES
Royal Albert Hall Choral Soci- nold he studied the pianoforte under Perez,
anil of the
ety. In 1875 be was appointed succen- organist of the Spanish Embassy, and under
tor and director Ferdinand Ries, from whom be received his
of musical in- first lessons in harmony. In 1832 be was mu-
struction at Eton sic director of the Olympic Theatre, and in

College.Works August, 1834, bis best work, Tbe Mountain
Rebekah, orato- Sylph, was given at the Lyceum. After this
rio ; tbe Lord is Barnett visited Paris, and about 1837 went to
King, for soli, Frankfort to study Yogler's system of har-
chorus, and or- mony, and composition under Snyder von
chestra, Leeds Wartensee while there he wrote a symphony
;
Festival, 1883; 2 and two quartets (unpublished). In 1838, on

Services in E ; Te returning to London, be joined Morris Bar-
Deum in B-flat nett in an unsuccessful attemi^t to found an
Magnificat and Nunc dimittis in D Au- English opera bouse. In 18-11 he settled at
theius ; Songs and part songs ; Organ mu- Cheltenham as singing-master. His compo-
sic ; Hymns, etc. He also edited a Hymnary sitions include dramatic pieces, operas, an
for Novello, to which be contributed many oratorio, Tbe Omnipresence of the Deity
of tbe airs. (1829), never performed in public, and more
BARNES, FREDERICK ED"\VIN, born than four thousand songs. Works Dramat-
in London in 1858, died in Montreal, Can- ic pieces Before Breakfast, Lyceum, 1825 ;
:
ada, Sept. 21, 1880. Organist, pupil of Hel- Monsieur Mallet Robert the Devil Coun- ; ;
more in the Chapel Royal and, from 1872, of try Quarters Two Seconds Soldier's Wid- ; ;
tbe Royal Academy of Music. Organist of ow The Picturesque Married Lovers The
; ; ;
All Saints' Church, London, 1872, of St. Mar- Deuce is in her Charles the Twelfth Carni- ; ;
garet's, Liverpool, 1876, of tbe Cathedral, val of Naples, Covent Garden, 1830 Pet of ;
Montreal, in 1878-79, and in 1880 assistant tbe Petticoats, Sadler's Wells, 1831 Paphian ;
organist of Trinity Church, New York. He Bower, Olympic Revels, Court of Queen's
was also conductor of the Montreal Philhar- Bench, Blanche of Jersey (written for
monic Society. "Works An opera, text by : Olympic Theatre) ; Win her and Wear her,
Mrs. G. L. Craik (SIS.) Operetta, produced
; Lyrical Version of Mrs. Centlivi-e's "Bold
at the "German Reed Entertainments;" Stroke for a Wife," for Drury Lane. Operas :
The 23d Psalm for soli, chorus, and orches- Fair Rosamond, Drury Lane ; Farinelli, ib.,
tra Organ and pianoforte music Songs.

; ; 1838 ; Kathleen, with a libretto by Sher-
BARNETT, JOHN, born at Bedford, idan Knowles, and two other operas which
England, July 1, 1802, have never been performed. Songs Lyri- :
still living, 1888. Dra- cal Illustrations of the Modern Poets (1834:)
matic composer. His Songs of tbe Minstrels Amusement for
;
father was a Prussian Leisure Hours. Grove ; Fetis ; Mendel.

named Bernhard Beer, BARNETT, JOHN FRANCIS, born in
of tbe same family as London, Oct. 6, 1838, still living, 1888.
Meyerbeer. When Dramatic composer and pianist, nephew of
eleven John was articled tbe preceding, son of Joseph Alfred Bar-
to S. J. Arnold, propri- nett, professor of music. He studied the
etor of the Lyceum, under Dr. Wylde in 1849, gained
for five years as a singer pianoforte
in return for musical instruction, received tbe Queen's Scholarship at tbe Royal Acad-
from C. E. Horn, and later from Price, chor- emy of Music in 1850, and successfully com-
us-master of Drury Lane. After leaving Ar- peted a second time on its exj)iratiou in
125
;
BARNI
1852. In 1857 he visited Germany, where several German courts, meeting everywhere
he studied under Hauptmann and Eietz at with brilliant success, and settled at Jena,
the Leijjsic Conserva- chamber musician to
until called in 1728 as
torium and returned ; Gotha, whence he went in the same capacity
to London in 1860 to Eisenach in 1732. Five years later he
first notable went to Berlin, to join the orchestra of
Barnett's
work was a symphony Frederick the Great, then crown prince. His
in A minor, given by compositions, consisting of concertos, sona-
the Musical Society of tas, trios, duets, and solos, remain unpublish-
London, June 15, 1864 ed. He wrote also several treatises on his in-
;
his most important, an strument, and on music in general.- Allgem.

oratorio. The Raising of d. Biogr., ii. 82 Fetis Mendel Schilling. ; ; ;
Lazarus (1873). Other works Ouverture BARRf:, LEONARD, born at Limoges,

:
symphonique, given by the Philharmonic France, early in the 16th century. Vocal
Society, May 11, 1868 Concerto in D minor
; composer, pupil of Willaerts in Venice, then
;
two cantatas. The Ancient Mariner and Par- went to Rome, where he became a singer in
adise and the Peri (written for the Birming- the Pontifical Chapel in 1537. He was one
ham Festival in 1867 and 1870) Overture of the musical delegates sent by the pope to
;
to Shakespeare's " Winter's Tale," British the Council of Trent in 1545. Of his com-
Orchestral Society, Feb. 6, 1873 Orches- positions sevei'al masses and motets are in
;
tral work on Scott's " Lay of the Last Min- manuscript in the hbrary of the Pontifical
strel," Liverpool Festival, Oct. 1, 1874: Tau- Chapel. Other motets and madrigals are
;
tum Ergo in eight parts several quartets to be found in a collection published in

;
and quintets for string instruments piano- Venice by Gardane, in 1544. Fetis.
;

forte trios and songs. Grove. BARRE, MICHEL DE LA, born in Paris
BARNI, CAMILLO, born at Como, Italy, about 1680, died there in 1744. Flutist,
Jan. 18, 1762, died in Paris after 1811. Vio- and composer for his instrument. Works :
loncellist, pupil oil the violoncello of his 3 books of trios for flutes 13 suites of duets ;
grandfather David Ronchetti, and of Giu- for do. Sonatas for the flute, with bass, op. ;
seppe Gadgi, afterwards (1799) in composi- 4 Collections of drinking songs in two

;
tion of Minoja at Milan, where from 1788 parts Le triomphe des arts, ballet, given ;
he was second, and from 1791 first violon- at the Academic Royals de Musique, 1700 ;
ceUist at the Teatro della Scala. In 1802 La Venitienne, do., ib., 1705. ^Fetis.
he settled in Paris, and was for some time BARRETT, JOHN, born about 1674, died
first violoncellistat the Italian Opera. in London in 1735. Organist, pupil of Dr.
Works Concerto for violoncello (1803) 2
: ; Blow. He was music master at Christ's
Italian airs, with variations for violin and Hospital and organist at St. Mary-at-Hill
violoncello 6 duets for do. 6 trios for vio-
; ; about 1710. He wrote overtures and act
lin, viola, and violoncello ; 3 works of quar- tunes for Love's Last Shift ; or, the Fool in
tets for strings ; 12 Italian ariettas ; 6 French Fashion, 1696, Tunbridge Walks, 1703, and
romances. He also wrote an opera, Edou- Mary, Queen
His songs of Scots (1703).
ard ou Le frere par supercherie, given at Wit and
are to be found in D'Urfey's "
the Theatre Feydeau, 1812, which did not Mirth or. Pills to Purge Melancholy," and in ;
succeed.
Fi'tis Mendel. ; other collections of the day. Gay borrowed
BARON, ERNST GOTTLIEB, born at his melody of lanthe the Lovely, for a song
Breslau, Feb. 17, 1696, died in Berlin, Au- in the Beggar's Opera. Grove Mendel. ;
gust 26, 1760. Famous lute player, pupil BARRY, CHARLES AINSLIE, born in
of the Bohemian lutist Kohott. He visited London, June 10, 1830, still living, 1888.
BAESANTI
Organist, pupil of Thomas Attwood Walm- (Rome, 1G18) ; Fetis adds some Responsaria
islej' Cambridge, then at the Conserva-
at for four equal voices (Venice, 1G07). Fetis ;
torium iu Cologne of Franz Weber on tbe Schilling.

organ, of Eduard Franck on tbe pianoforte, BARTH, CHRISTIAN SAMUEL, born
and of Hiller in composition finally at ; at Glauchau, Saxony, iu 1735, died at Co-
Leipsic (1856-57) of Moscbeles, Plaidy, and penhagen, July 8, 1809. Virtuoso on the
Kicbter. He lived for a time at Dresden, oboe, pupil of Bach at the Thomasschule in
wbere be was influenced by Reissiger, and Leipsic was chamber musician successively
;
returned to London in 1858. Works Sym- at Rudolstadt (1753), Weimar (17G2), Han- :
phony for full orchestra 2 overtures for over (17G8), Cassel (1772), and finally at
;
do. Marches for do. Quartet for strings Copenhagen (178G-98). Works 5 concer-
; ; ;
:
An operetta Several cantatas, sacred and tos for oboe Rondeau suisse for do., with
; ;
secular ; Pianoforte and vocal music. orchestra, op. 10 (Leipsic, Breitkopf &
BARSANTI, FRANCESCO, born at Lucca Hilrtel) ; Divertissement for oboe, two vio-
about 1G90, died in London after 1750. Vir- lins, viola, and bass, op. 8 (ib.) Pot-jjourri ;
tuoso on tbe tlute and oboe, went with for oboe and pianoforte, op. 9 (Offenbach,
Geminiani to London in 1714, and entered Andre) Sonatas for pianoforte and oboe ;
tbe orchestra of the Italian opera, first as (Hanover, Kruschwitz) Six ecossaises for ;
flutist, then as oboist. For several years he pianoforte (Coiienhagen, Lose) Grand sj'm- ;
then held a lucrative position iu Scotland, phony for wind instruments (Oft'enbach, An-
but returned to London iu 1750, and played dre) Overture for orchestra, op. 18 (ib,).
;
the viola in the orchestras of the Opera iu His son and pupil Philipp (born at Cassel
winter and of Vauxhall in summer. Works : in 1773) succeeded him in the orchestra at
6 solos for flute, with bass, 1st book 6 do.,Cassel, and was afterwards called to Copen-;
2d book ; and hagen as director of the royal band. He

G sonatas for two violins
bass 12 concertos for violin G anthems in composed concertos for oboe, a concerto for
; ;
the style of Palestriua Collection of old flute, a symphonie concertante for two horns,
;

Scotch melodies, with bass. Fetis Grove etc. Fetis; Mendel; Schilling. ; ;

Schilling. BARTHE, GRAT NORBERT, born at
BARTA, JOSEF, born in Bohemia about Bayonne, June 7, 1828, still living, 1888.
na, died in Vienna in 1803. Dramatic Dramatic comjjoser, pupil of Leborne at the
composer, at first organist of St. Paul's Conservatoire, Paris won the grand prix in ;
Chui'ch in Prague, then settled in Vienna in 1854, and studied for three years in Rome.
1778. Works Da ist nicht gut zu rathen, Works Francesea da Rimini, cantata (grand
: :
operetta, given in Vienna, 1780 mercato prix, 1854) Judith, oratorio Don Carlos,
; II ; ;
di Malmantile, opera buffa, ib., 1781 Der opera; La Fianree dAbydos, do., given at ;
adelige Taglohuer, operetta, ib., 1795 Die the Theatre Lyrique, 18G5. Fetis, Supple- ;
donnernde Legion, do. G quartets for two ment, i. 50.;
violins, viola, and bass ; 4 concertos for pi- BARTHEL, JOHANN CHRISTIAN,
anoforte ; 6 duets for two sopranos ; Songs. born at Plauen, Saxony, April 19, 177G, died
Fetis ; Schilling. at Altenburg, June 10, 1831. Organist and
BART EI, GIROLAMO, born at Arezzo, pianist, pupil of the organist Rosier on the
Italy ; lived earlj' then at the Thomasschule in
part of 17th century. pianoforte,
General of the Augustin order of monks at Leipsic of Johann Adam Hiller and of Gor-
Rome. According to Baini (Memorie), he ner. When not quite twelve years of ago,
published some masses for eight voices, a he played one of Mozart's most difficult
book of ricercari for two voices, and two pianoforte concertos to the delight of the
books of concerti for two voices and organ composer when fourteen he became organ- ;
ic
BARTllELEMON
ist at the free school in Leipsic, and two London, 1793, died there, 1867), violinist
years later concert director to Prince Schon- and writer, well known as the adapter of
burg. About 1796 he returned to Leipsic, the English librettos
to complete his studies, and in 1798 -was of Mendelssohn's op-
appointed cantor and musical director at eras and oratorios,
Greitz some jears after he made a suc-
; Mehul's Joseph,
cessful concert tour as organist through Spohr's Jessonda,etc.
Germany, and in 1804 became court organ- Mrs. Bartholomew
ist at Altenburg. Of his numerous com- has been a noted
positions, consisting of cantatas, motets, one teacher of the piano-
hundred and four j)salms, etc., only some forte and organ, and
fantasias for the organ were printed. Fe- of harmony, and a
tis ; Gerber, N. Lex. ; Schilling. prolific com poser.
BARTHELEMON, FRANCOIS HIP- Works : The Nativity, oratorio, text by
POLITE, born Bordeaux, July 27, 1741, William Bartholomew, produced in Lon-
at
died in London, July 20, 1808. Dramatic don, 1855 Sanctus, Kyries, and Chants, ;
composer and violinist. In 1765 he settled 1853 Supplication and Thanksgiving, sa- ;
in England, where he was appointed leader cred cantata, 1864 The Young Vocalist, ;
of the Opera band and in 1770 leader at 1867

; Holy Thoughts, 1875 34 Orig- ; ;
Vauxhall Gardens. His professional life inal Tunes (London, 1883) 6 four-part ;
was passed in England, with the exception songs, op. 37 3 four-part songs, 1870 ; ;
of a tour through Germany, Italy, and Many songs, and organ and pianoforte
France in 1776-77, and a visit to Dublin in music.
1784. While in Florence he set to music BARTLETT, NEWTON, born, HOMER
the oratorio by the Abbate Semplici, Jefte in of American parentage, in Olive, New York,
Masfa.
Works OjDeras Pelopida, given Dec. 28, 1845, still hving, 1888. Pianist
:
at the Kings Theatre, London, 1766 Le and organist played on the violin at the
; ;
fleuve Scamandre, given in Paris, 1768. age of five, and appeared in concerts when
Dramatic pieces Orpheus, Judgment of nine years old.
: At sixteen he began a
Paris, 1768 Enchanted Girdle Election, regular course of musical instruction ex-
; ;
Maid of the Oaks, 1774 Belphegor, 1778. tending over seven years, studied the
;
Preludes for the organ Quartets for stringed pianoforte under S. B. Mills and others,
;
instruments Concertos and duets for the and harmony and counterpoint under Max
;
violin Pianoforte exercises

; Awake, my Brauu, Jacobsen, and others. He has occu-
;
Soul, hymn. Fetis Grove. ; pied the position of organist in several

BARTHOLDY. See Mendelssohn - Ba,r- churches in New Yoi'k and vicinity, and is
tholdy. at present organist of the Madison Avenue
BARTHOLOJIEW, ANN SHEPPARD Baptist Church, New York. Works : 80
MOUNSEY born (Mounsey), in London, published compositions, of which about 50
April 17, 1811, still living, 1888. Organist are for the pianoforte ; the others are songs,
and pianist, pupil of J. B. Logier from 1817 ;
and glees for men's and
quartets, anthems,
organist at Clapham, 1828 at St. Michael's, ; women's voices, and a sextet for strings
Wood Street, 1829 and at St. Vedast's, ; and flute. Among his unpublished works
Foster Lane, from 1837. She became are : La opera in three acts, text
Valliure,
an associate of the Philharmonic Soci- by J. 1885-86
Berry, Ignis Fatuus, ca- ;
ety and a member of the Royal Society of price for orchestra, 1884 2 marches for ;
Musicians in 1839. In 18.59 she was mar- orchestra, 1885 Quartet for harp, organ,
;
ried to William Bartholomew (born in violin, and violoncello, 1888 The Last ;
128
BARTNAXSKY
Chieftain, cantata, 1888 Samuel, oratorio, use of his pupils published a collection of
;
text by J. B. Bartlett, 1888. twenty-four studies for the harpsichord, un-

BAKTNANSKY (Bortniausky), DIMI- der the title, Musica universale armonico-
TRI STEPHANOVICH, born at Gloukoff pratica (Venice, Alessandri). Fetis.
(Ukraine) in 1752, died iu St. Petersburg, BASILI, FRANCESCO, born at Loreto
Sept. 28 (Oct. 9), 1825. Church composer, iu February, 1766, died in Eome, March 25,
pupil of Galupj)i, first at St. Petersburg, then 1850. Dramatic composer, son of Domen-
at Venice called the Russian Palestrina. ico Andrea Basili, and pupil of Jauuaconi,
;
A singer iu the choir of the luijDerial Chajjel, of the Roman school after 1775. While
he was patronized by the Empress Eliza- very young he became maestro di cappella
beth, and also by Catherine 11., who sent at Foligno, and wrote there his first work,
him to Italy in 1768 to continue his studies. a cantata, Ariana e Teseo. At the age of
After leaving Galuppi, he studied at Bo- twenty-two he gave in Milan his first opera.
logna, Eome, and Naples, and on his return La bella incognita, 1788, which was soon
to Russia in 1779 became director of the followed by La locaudiera, a farce jjlayed
Imperial Chapel, which he thoroughly re- at Rome about 1789. Ten years later be
formed. He reduced Russian church mu- left Foligno for a similar post at Macerata,
sic to a system, and composed forty-five where soon after he contracted a rich mar-
psalms iu four and five parts which were riage, enabling him to give up music as a
considered very fine and were sung iu his l^rofession, but the union resulting iu a sejj-
choir, thenceforth known as the Im^jerial aration in 1810, he accepted the position as
Chapel Choir. He composed a Greek mass maestro di cappella at Loreto, and again
for three voices, ten concertos for double began comjjosing for the theatre. He was
choir, forty-five psalms for four and eight called to Milau in 1818, brought out there
voices, and other church music. An ojDera, two new operas, and iu 1824, at the Teatro
Fabio Quinto, was given at Modena in 1778. S. Carlo iu Naj^les, his dramatic oratorio, II
Fetis Grove Mendel Schilling.
; ; ; Sansone, iu which the principal parts were
BASEVI, ABRAMO, born iu Leghorn, written for Lablache and Nozzari he also ;
December, 1818, died in Florence, Decem- wrote a Requiem mass for the death of
ber, 1885. Theoretical and critical writer Jannaconi, performed at the Church of the
and founder and proprietor of the two mu- Twelve Apostles in Rome (181G). He was
sical journals "Annonia" and "Boccherini." appointed censor of the Imperial Conserva-
Works Romilda ed Ezzelino, ojêra, rejjre- torio at Milan in 1827, and after occujsyiug
:
sented at the Teatro Alticri, Florence, Aug. that iôsition for ten years was called to
11, 1840; Enrico Odoardo, opera. La Per- Rome to succeed Fioravanti as maestro di
gola, ib., 1847. cajjpella of St. Peters, which post he held
BASILI (Basily), DOMENICO ANDREA, until his death. He composed an immense
maestro di caiDj)ella at Loreto, middle of amount of church music Fetis gives an ;
18th century, died in 1775. Church com- exhaustive list of his published works, and
poser, author of motets for three, four, and of those left in MS. at his death they con-;
five voices, iu the Abbate Santini's collec- sist of Ave Marias, kyries, offertories, masses,
tion, together with a Salve Regiua in two graduals, motets, introits, vespers, psalms,
double canons, two Christus factus est for hymns, litanies, etc. His operas are :
four voices, a Miserere for eight and an- Achille neir assedio di Troja, given at
other for twelve voices. Fetis jiossessed Florence, Teatro de la Pergola, 1798; 11
eight masses for four voices, and two for ritorno d' Ulysso, ib. 1799 Antigoua, ;
eight voices in manuscript. He wrote a Venice, about 1800 Conviene adattarsi,

;
great deal of other church music, aud for the opera buffa, ib., Teatro S. Mose, about
129
BASILIUS
1800 ; L' Unione mal pensata, farce, ib., BASSFORD, WILLIAM KIPP, born in
Teatro S. Benedetto, 1800 ; Lo stravagante New York, N. Y., April 23, 1839, still living,
ed il dissipatore, Venice, 1802 ; L' ira d' 1888. Pianist and organist, pupil in har-
Acbille, L' orfana 1817 mony and composition of Samuel Jackson,
egiziana, ib., ;
Isaura e Eicciardo, Rome, about 1817 Gli an organist in New York. After travelling
;
Illinesi, Milan, 1818 II Califtb e la scbi- extensively in the United States witli a con-
;
ava, Milan, Teatro della Scala, 1818. Fetis cert troupe as pianist, he settled in New ;
Grove Mendel Schilling.

; ; York, where he has since devoted himself to
BASILIUS, German opera seria, music by pianoforte teaching and composition. He
Keiser, represented at Wolfenbiittel, 1G93. has also been organist of several churches
The hero is Basilius I., Emperor of the East in New York, among them, of the Madison
(a.d. 867-88G), who, the son of a small Square Presbyterian Church, and he is at
farmer in Thrace, raised himself to the im- present organist of Calvary Church, East
perial dignity and became one of the most Orange, N. J. Works Cassilda, opera in :
famous of the Byzantine rulers. The same two acts Devotion, Young Maiden and ;
subject is treated in Basilio, Ee d' Orients, Flowers, Meditation, Morning Song, Tran-
Italian opera, music by Navara, Venice, quility, and other pianoforte pieces Mass ;
1G96 and music by PorjJora, Naples, in E-flat, and other sacred music "Never-
; ;
1709. more," " She flung the roses iu the air,"

BASSANI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA, born "Sigh, thou Wind," " Thou lov'st no more,"
at Padua about 1C57, died at Ferrara in and other songs. Mr. Bassford was also en-
1716. Dramatic composer and violinist. gaged by Mme Wallace to complete the op-
He conducted for several years the cathe- era of Estrella, left unfiuished by William
dral music at Bologna and from 1G85 held Vincent Wallace.
the same position at Ferrara. He was a BASSIEON, PHILIPPE, lived in the
member of the Accademia della Morte, Fer- Netherlands in the 15th century. He was
rara, and of the Accademia dei Filarmonici, a contemporary of Josquin Depres. Some
Bologna, of which he was prineipe in 1682. of his masses are preserved by Ottaviano
Corelli is believed to have been one of his Petrucci of Fossombrone in his collection
pupils. Fetis gives a complete list of works entitled, Missse diversorum auctorum (Ven-
published by Bassani from 1G80 to 1710, ice, 1508). In the fourth book of Motetti
which includes six operas, thirtj'-one masses, published at Venice by Petrucci is an In-
besides cantatas, motets, and psalms, for one, violata by Bassiron. Grove ; Fetis ; Men-
two, or three voices with instruments, and del.
sonatas for violins and violoncello. Works BASTIAANS, JOHAN GERARDSZOON,
Operas: Falaride, tiranno d' Agrigente, born at Twello, Holland, in 1812, died at
given at Venice, 1G84 ; Amorosa preda di Haarlem, Feb. 16, 1875. Organist, pupil of
Paride, Bologna, 1684 ; Alarico, E6 de' Goti, Friedrich Schneider at Dessau, of Mendels-
Ferrara, IGOO ; II Conte di Baeheville, Pis- sohn at Leipsic, and of Johann Schneider in
toja, 1G96 ; La morte delusa, Ferrara, 169G. Dresden. After his return he settled at
The Imperial Library, Paris, and the Eoyal Amsterdam, and in 1839 became organist of
Library, Berlin, own several of liis MSS. the Zuiderkerk. In 1868 he was appointed
Kent has taken the chorus, "Thy righteous- to the same jjosition at St. Bavon's Church
ness," in his anthem, "Lord, what love," in Haarlem. Works Cantata for mixed
:
from his Magnificat in G minor, and the chorus Motet for do. 6 jjieces for organ
; ; ;
Hallelujahs in, "Hearken unto this," from Songs without words, for pianoforte So- ;
his Alma Mater. Fi'tis ; Gerber, N. Lex. ;

nata Choral Book.
; He was the author of
Wasielew.ski, Die Violine, etc., 36. two theoretical works. Viotta.
180
;
BASTIEN
BASTDEN UND BASTIENNE, German Trinity, Dublin (1618)." The Musical An-
operetta iu one act, text by Anton Scliacbt- tiquarian Society has reprinted his First
ner, music by Mozart, iserformed in a Gar- Set of Madrigals, and some of his church
den-bouse belonging- to his friends tbe Miss- music is contained in the Society's "An-
mers, Vienna, 17GS. Mozart was then only thems by composers of the Madrigalian
twelve years old. Tbe libretto is an adaj^- Era." Grove.
tatiou of Weiskern's translation of a Frencb BATISTE, ANTOLNE EDOU.ABD, born
parody, by JIadanie Favart, of Rousseau's in Pari.s, March 28, 1820, died there, Nov.
Devin du Village. The cliaracters rejjre- 9, 1876. Organist, son of Antoiue fidouard
seuted are Bastien (tenor), Bastienne (so- Batiste, the well-known singer of the Opera
:
prano), and the Soothsayer Colas (bass). Comique pupil at the Conservatoire iu
Wurzbaeh, Mozart Buch, 73. 1828, studied solfege under Leborne and
BASTON, JOSQUm, born iu Flanders, Bieuaime, harmony and accomiJauiment
first half of the
16th century, died after under Lecouppey and Dourleu, composition
l.'JGe. Composer of motets, madrigals, under Halevy, and the organ with Benoist.
etc. His works form jârt of collections He took 2d prize for solfege in 1832, 1st
published at Antwerp (15i2-58), Augsburo- prize in 1833 2d prize for harmony and ;
(1515), and Louvain (1554-Gl). Biog. uat. accompaniment in 1836, 1st prize in 1837 ;
de Belgique, i. 770 Fetis. ; 2d prize for counterpoint and fugue, and 2d

BA-TA-CLAN, French operetta in one prize for organ, in 1838 ; 1st prize for all
act, text by Ludovic Halevy, music by Of- three in 1839 ; and 2d grand prix de Eome
fenbach, first represented at the
Bouffea in 181:0. He was professor in the Conser-
Parisieus, Pariss, Dec. 29, 1855. This piece vatoire from 1836, organist of Saint Nicolas-
of nonsense, with a Chinese plot, had a con- des-Champs in 1812-54,
and organist of
siderable success. Saint Eustache in 1854. His organ music
BATES, WILLIAM, English composer of consists of oflertoii-es, sonatas, fugues, fanta-
the 18th century. He wrote the music of sias, voluntaries, etc., and he also wrote songs
The Jovial Crew, comic opera, 17G0 Phar- and pianoforte nmsic. His edition of the
;
naees, opera, 1765 ; The Ladies'

Frolic twelve volumes of Solfeges du Conservatoire,
(jointly with Dr. Arue), an alteration of The annotated by him
with accompaniment for
Jovial Crew, 1770 The Theatrical Candi- piano, or for organ with figured
;
bass, and
dates, musical prelude, 1775 and Flora, or a Solfege harmonique, was highly eulogized
;
Hob in the Well, 1768. He was the com- by the Conservatoire. Fetis, Supplement,
poser also of glees, catches, and canons. i. 52 Mendel, Ergilnz., 26.
Grove. ;
BATISTIN. See Slruci:

BATESON, THOMAS, born in England BATTA, ALEXANDRE, born at Maes-
about 1575, time of decease unknown. Or- tricht, July 1816,
9, Vio-
still living, 1888.
ganist of Chester Cathedral from 1599 to loncellist, pupil of Platel at the Conserva-
1611, soon after which be settled in Ireland,
toire, Brussels, where he won the first jsrize
and became organist to Christ Church Ca- in 1834. He went to Paris, whence he made
thedral, Dublin He received the degree of successful concert tours through the greater
Mus. Bac. from Dublin University. Works part of Eui'ope. He has published many
:
A set of madrigals in praise of Queen Eliza- fantasias, romances, variations, etc., for vio-
beth (1601) First Set of Madrigals (1604) His youngest
:
loncello. brother, Joseph
Second Set of Madrigals, with the following (born at Maestricht, April 24,
1820), pupil
inscription on the title-page " Bachelor of at the Conservatoire,
:
Brussels, where he
Mu.sick, Organist, and I\Iaster of the Chil- won the
grand prize for composition iu
dren of the Cathedral Church of the Blessed 1845, has been violinist in the orchestra of
;
BATTANCHON
the Opera Conuqxie, Paris, since 1846, and don, 1764 the music to a pantomime, The
;
has conijjosed cantatas, overtures, sympho- Rites of Hecate, 1764 and much church ;
nies, etc. Fetis. music. Two won prizes from

of his glees
BATTANCHON, F^LIX, born in Paris, the Catch Club, Underneath this Myrtle
April 9, 181-4, still living, 1888. Violoncel- Shade, 1770, and. Come, bind my hair, 1771.
list, 2>npil of Vasliu and Norblin at the Con- Published works 3 collections of songs 4 :
;
servatoire, and since 1840 member of the anthems in Page's Harmonia Sacra 6 an- ;
orchestra of the Opera. Works Trois thems and ten chants (Page, 1804) Glees
: ;
etudes en double corde, op. 1 (Paris, Ei- and catches in Warren's collection 12 psalm ;
chault) ; Airs bretons, for violoncello and jsi- tunes and an ode in Page's collection of
auoforte (ib.) Deux melodies, for do., op. hvmus.
;
"
Grove Fetis. ;
3 (Leipsic, Hofmeister) 24 etudes pour

; BATTISTA, VINCENZO, born at Naples,
violoncelle, op. 4.
Fetis. Oct. 5, 1818 (1823 ?), died there, Nov. 14,
BATTEN, ADRIAN, born at Winches- 1873. Dramatic composer, pupil of the
ter (?), England, about 1585, died in Lou- Royal College of Music at Naples. His first
don (?) about 1640. Church composer, opera, Anna La Prie, was played at the San
brought up in the cathedral choir of Win- Carlo in 1843 Margherita d'.lragona, ib., ;
chester under John Holmes, was appointed 1844 Rosvina de le Forest, Milan, Teatro
;
vicai--choral of Westminster Abbey in 1G14, delta Scala, 1845 Emo, Naples, 1846 ;
and removed in the same capacity to St. Irene, ib., about 1847 Eleonora Dori, ib., ;
Paul's Cathedral in 1624, where he held also 1847 II corsaro della Guadalupa, ib., Tea-
;
the position of organist. _ He wrote several tro Nuovo, 1853 Ermelinda, ib., Alba ;
anthems which ai'e still sung, and a Morn- d' Ora, ib., 1869. He also wrote music to
ing, Communion, and Evening service in the a part of Dante's Inferno, called II Bivacco.
Dorian mode. Several of his compositions Fetis.
are printed in Barnard's and Boyce's collec- BATTLE OF PRAGUE, a piece of mili-
tions. Burnej" ; Grove. tary music, by Kotzwara, a native of Prague,
BATTI, BATTI, O BEL
]\L^SETTO. See descriptive of the battle fought near that
Don Giovanni. city. May 6, 1757, in which Frederick the
BATTLSHILL, JONATHAN, bom in Great defeated the Austrians. It was writ-
London, May, 1738, ten for the pianoforte, with violin and vio-
died at Islington, loncello accompaniment, and was published
Dec. 10, 1801. Or- at Berlin and Hamburg about 1792 and in
ganist, chorister in Loudon in 1793. The j)iece was very suc-
1747 of St. Paul's cessful and was the precursor of much other
Cathedral u n d e r music of a similar kind. Fetis; Grove.
i 1 1 i a m W
Savage, B.\TTLE SYMPHONY. See Wdlington'.^
and later his arti- Sieg.
cled puisil. After BATTMANN, JACQUES LOUIS, born at
officiating as harp- Maasmiinster, Alsace, Aug. 25, 1818, died at
sichord player at Dijon, July 7, 1886. Organist, first at Belfort
Covent Garden Theatre, he became, about (1840), then Vesoul pupil at Colmar of
at ;
1771, organist of the united parishes of St. Theodor Sehlosser in harmony and composi-
Clement, Eastcheap, and St. Martin, Orgar, tion, and of Martin Vogt on the organ. He
and a little later of Christ Church, Newgate has iûblished about 400 works, consisting of
Street. He w-rote glees, catches, songs, and masses, motets, choruses many pieces for ;
(in conjunction with Michael Arne) the the harmonium studies for the organ and ;
score to the opera of Almena, given in Lon- pianoforte duos and trios for violins ro-
; ;
138
;
BATTON
mauces, chansonettes, and man_y dances for BAUDIOT, CHARLES NICOLAS, born
pianoforte, etc.
Fetis, Supplement, i. 55. at Nancy, March 29, 1773, died in Paris,
BATTON, DftSIRE ALEXANDRE, born Sept. 26, 1849. Violoncellist, pupil of Jan-
in Paris, Jan. 2, 1797, died at Versailles, Oct. son the elder, whom he succeeded as pro-
IG, 1855. Dramatic composer, pupil of the fessor at the Conservatoire, Paris, in 1802,
Conservatoire from 1806 studied counter-
; and whence he retired in 1822, having been
point under Cherubini. He gained the 2d appointed also first violoncello of the royal
grand jjrixde I'lnstitutin 1816, and the 1st in orchestra in 1816. Works : 2 concertos for
1817, for his cantata, La Mort d'Adouis, ac- violoncello ; 2 concertinos for do., op. 19
five years in and 20
quiring the right to travel for Trio for violin, viola, and violon- ;
Italyand Germany. While in Rome he com- cello, op. 3 Duets for violoncello, op. 5 and ;
posed an oratorio, and several pieces of sa- 7 Pot-pourri for do., with quartet 3 fan-
; ;
cred and instrumental music at Munich he taisies for do., with pianoforte, op. 12; 3 do.,
;
brought out a symphony and other works, op. 20 3 nocturnes for violoncello and ;
and returned to Paris in 1823. Having ob- harp 2 works of sonatas for violoncello,;
tained little success with several operas, he with bass ; Trios for pianoforte, violoncello,
was on the point of giving uj) his musical and horn, and for pianoforte, harjs, and vio-
career, when the opera, La Marquise deBrin- loncello ; Themes varies for violoncello and
villiers, written in 1832, in collaboration with pianoforte ; 3 duets for do. on themes of
Auber, Herold, Carafa, and others, again Rossini and Auber, op. 31 Many pieces ar- ;
brought him into public favour, as the finale ranged after Lafont and de Beriot, for violon-
written by him was very fine. He was made cello Methode complete de violoncelle, op.
;
Inspecteur des Suecursales at the Con- 25 Instruction pour les compositeurs.

;
servatoire in 1842, and director of a vocal Fetis Riemann. ;
class in 1847. Works La fenetre secrete,

: BAUDOIN. See Bauldewijn.
comic opera, given in Paris, Theatre Fey- BAIXDEWIJN (Baudoin, Baulduin,
deau, 1818 Ethelvina, ib., Op^ra Comique, Balduin), NOEL (Natalis), born in the sec-
;
1827 Le prisonnier d'etat, Theatre Fey- ond half of the 15th century, died at Ant-
;
deau, 1828 Le champ du drap d'or (with Ri- werp in 1529. Maitre de musique of Notre
;
faut and Leborne), ib., 1828 Le remi)la<;ant. Dame at Antwerp in 1513-18.

; It is possi-
Opera Comique, 1837. Fetis Mendel. ble that he visited Italy, as some of his
;
BATTU, PANTALEON, born in Paris in motets were printed by Petrucci de Fossom-

1799, died there, Jan. 17, 1870. Violinist, pu- brone in the collection, Motetti della corona,
pil of Rudolph Kreutzer at the Conservatoire, in 1519. His masses in MS. are in the
where he obtained the first prize in 1822. Pontifical Chapel in Rome, and the Royal Li-
From the start he was successful as a solo brary at Munich. Other motets are to be
player in the Concerts spirituels, and in the found in collections published at Augsburg
concerts of the Conservatoire, which he (1540), Antwerp (1545), and Nuremberg
helped to establish. He was at the same (1546). Biog. nat. de Belgique, i. 663
time a member of the orchestra of the Fetis Mendel, Ergiinz., 26. ;
Opei'a, and until 1830 also of the Eoj'al BAUMBACH, ADOLPH, born in Ger-
Chapel in 1846 he became second chef many about 1830, died in Chicago, 1880.
;
d'orchestre at the Opera, and retired into He removed to America, and in 1855 was
private life in 1859. Works 2 concertos for settled in Boston.
: He was a teacher of the
violin, op. 1, 3 (Paris) 3 duos concertants pianoforte and the organ, and many of his
;
for two violins, op. 2 (ib.) Theme varie for compositions were for instruction on the
;
violin, with orchestra Romances, with pi- pianoforte he also compiled a collection
; ;
anoforte. Fetis Mendel. ; for the use of quartet choirs.
133
BAUMBACII
BAUMBACH, FRIEDRICH AUGUST, forte, then of Ettin theorj-, 1841-42 ; became
bom iu 1753, died at Leii^sie, Nov. 30, choirmaster at St. Ann's, Munich, iu 1853.
1813. Couductor of the theatre orchestra Works Instrumental Mass Requiem Ves- : ; ;
at in 1778 retired to Leipsic iu per Psalms Secular choruses with and with-
Hamburg ; ;
1789 to devote himself to composition. out orchestra, songs, and pianoforte jsieces.
Works sonatas for pianoforte, op. 1
: Mendel.
(Gotha, 1790); 6 duets for violins (Speyer, BAUMGARTNER, JOHANN BAPTIST,
1791) Trios
;
Concertos Variations for born at Augsburg, 1723, died at EichstiUlt,
; ;
pianoforte, with violin or violoncello obli- May 18, 1782. Violoncellist, studied at
gato ; Kondos for jjianoforte ; Variations for Augsburg and Munich, and as one of the
2 violins ; Etudes for guitar ; Songs and best performers on his instrument made
duets. Fetis ; Mendel. extensive concert tours through Germany,
BAUMFELDER, FRIEDRICH AUGUST England, Holland, Scandiuavia, etc., and
WILHELM, born iu Dresden, May 28, 1836, settled at Amsterdam in 1774. Called to
still living, 1888. Instrumental composer, Stockholm in 1778, he was soon obliged to
pupil of Johauu Schneider, and at the Cou- give up a lucrative position on account of
servatorium at Leipsic is a favourite teacher ; the climate, and became chamber musician
of the pianoforte at Dresden, and has com- to the Prince Bishop of Eichstiidt in 1781.
posed symphonies, overtures, concertos for He composed concertos, variations, and solos
pianoforte, and other works of a high stan- for violoncello, also published a valuable
dard, besides a great deal of light piano- instrument (Hague, 1777).
method for his
forte music. Mendel. An o)iera, Perseus and Andromeda, by a
BAUMGARTEN, GOTTHILF
VON, composer of this name, was given in Ger-
born iu Berlin, Jan. 12, 1741, died at Gross- many iu 1780. Mendel.
Strehlitz, Silesia, Oct. 1, 1813. Dramatic BAUR, CHARLES ALEXIS, born at
comj)oser, studied music iu his native citv*, Tours in 1789, died (?). Pianist and harp-
served iu the army in 17G1-79, and was ap- ist, first instructed by his jjareuts, then iu
pointed to a government position in Silesia Paris iûpil of Nadermaun went to Loudon ;
iu 1780. Works Zemire und Azor, given in 1820 and taught the harp. Works 3
: :
at Breslau, Andromeda, monodrama, sonatas

1775 ;
for harp, op. 1 ; do., op. 2 ; Collec-
ib., 177C ; Das Grab des Mufti, ib., 1778. tion of Duets foi- harp and
arias for do. ;
Fetis ; MendeL pianoforte, harp and flute

ojj. 3 ; do. for ;
BAUMGARTEN, KABL FRIEDRICH, Quartets for harp, pianoforte, violin, and

born in Germany in 1754, died iu London bass. Fetis ; Mendel.
in 1824. Organist, violinist, and di\imatic BAVAGNOLI, MANLIO, Italian com-
composer, pupil of the famous organist J. poser, contemporary. He is the composer
P. Kunzeu went early to London, where
;
of Roderico di Spagna, opera seria, repre-
he was organist of the Lutheran chapel in sented at the Teatro Reale, Parma, April 20,
the Savoy, conductor of the opera at Coveut 1878.
Garden in 1780-94, and leader of the Duke BAVAEDS, LES (The Gossips), French
of Cumberland's private band. Among his opera-bouffe iu two acts, text by Nuitter,
operas and pantomimes the best known are : after Cervantes, music by Offenbach, repre-
Robin Hood, given at Covent Gai'deu, 1786 ;
sented at the Bouffes Parisiens, Paris, Feb.
Blue Beard, ib., 1792. Grove. 20, 1863.
BALÎGARTNER, AUGUST, born in BAVERINI, FRANCESCO, Italian con-
Munich, Nov. 9, 1814, died there, Sept. 29, trapuntist of the 15th century. His drama or
1862. Church composer, jnipil of the or- mystery. La Conversione di San Paolo, was
ganist Kalcher and of Holz on the jjiano- represented in Rome in 1440 (1480?), by
134

BAYADERES
order of Cardinal Kiario. This work, one erettas the most popular were Der :
of the first dramas ever put upon Tausendsassa, BiJhmische Aniazonen, Frau
religious
the stage, is now lost. Futis Mendel. ;
Ahndl, Der indianische Gaukler in Kriih-
BAYADERES, LES, French opera in winkel, Naturalische Zauberei, etc. His
three acts, text by Jouy, music by Catel, numerous instrumental compositions, con-
first represented at the Opera, Aug. 7, 1810. sisting pirinciiâlly of dances, variations, etc ,
The Bayaderes are dancing girls attached for violin, flute, pianoforte, and guitar, were
to the Hindoo temples. The libretto is very popular. Fetis Mendel; Schilling, ;
founded on Goethe's ballad, "Der Gott und Supplement.

die Bajadere," which also gives the title to BAY OF BISCAY, THE, song by John
Auber's Le Dieu et la Bayadere. Les Baya- Davij, written in the early part of this cen-
deres, -which achieved a great success, was tury. It is one of the most popular songs
reduced to two acts, Aug. 31, 1821. of its kind ever composed.
BAYARD A LA FERTE, French opera BAZIN, FRANgOIS (EMANUEL JO-
comique in three acts, text by Desaugiers SEPH), born at Mar-
and de Geutil, music by Plantade, first rep- seilles, France, Sept.
resented at the Theatre Feydeau, Paris, Oct. 4, 181G, died in Paris,
3, 1811. The scene is laid at the Chateau Sept. 2, 1878. Dra-
de la Ferte, and the action turns on the love matic composer, pupil
of Bayard for Mme de Randan, who is also at the Conservatoire,
loved by the king. The opera was Dourleu and
finally Paris, of
reduced to two acts. Lecouppey in harmo-
BAYARD A MEZT^RES, French opera- ny, of Benoist on the
comique in one act, text by Dupaty and organ, and of Hak'vy
Chazet, music by Boieldieu, Catel, Isouard, and Berton in compo-
and Cherubini, first represented at the Ope- sition. He won the first jn'ize in 183(5, 1837,
ra Comique, Paris, Feb. 12, 1814. Subject, 1839, and 1840, and the second in 1837 and
Bayard at the siege of Mezieres. The Chev- 1839. His cantata, Louise de Montfort, hav-
alier is the hero also in Bayard dans Bresse, ing been performed at the Academy in 1840,
French opera in two acts, text by Piis, mu- he went for three years to Rome, where he
sic by Stanislas Champein, given at the The- composed a solemn mass, performed at the
atre italien, Paris, Feb. 21, 1791. Church of S. Luigi de' Frances!, 1842 and
BAYER, ANTON, born in Bohemia in 1843, the oratorio, La Pentecote, and the
1785. Dramatic comjOTser and flutist, pupil psalm, Suj)er flumina Babylonis, which were
in Prague of Josef Rosier, Alibot Vogler, executed several times in 1843 by the So-
and Karl Maria von \Velier in 1802-5 cieta Filarmonica of Rome.
;
On his return
he conducted the orchestra of the Czech to Paris he was made professor at the Con-
and German popular opera, for which he servatoire, and in 1872 member of the Acad-
also composed many pieces. To escape emy. Officer L. of Honour, 1869. Works
military service, he travelled as a pianist Operas: Le trompette de M. le Prince, given
and flutist through Germany, France, and at the Opera Comique, 1846 Le malheur ;
Italy, but returning to Prague at the time d'etre joli, ib., 1847 La nuit de la Saint ;
of the Congress at Vienna, he became first Sylvestre, ib., 1849 Madelon, ib., 1852 ; ;
flutist at the theatre and professor at the Maitre Pathelin, ib., 1856 Les desesperes, ;
Conservatorium. In 1823 he obtained a ib., 1858 Le voyage en Chine,

;
ib., 1867 ;
position as administrator on the estate of Marianne, opera-comique in one act, text

Reichenbach. He was the first teacher of by Augustin Challamel, published in the
Henriette Sonntag. Among his comic op- Magazin des Demoiselles (1861) L'Oura et ;
ISB

BAZZANI
le Pacha, text by Scribe and Saintiue, Ope- but returned to Modena, and in 1636 to
ra Comique, 1870. He also published a Bergamo. Works La representazione di :
Cours d'harmonie theorique et pratique, S. Orsola, oratorioSonata and other pieces

;
for the use of the classes iu the Conserva- for the theorbo His elder
; Canzonettas.
toire.
; brother, Natale (born at Lovero, died in
BAZZANI. See Bazzino. Venice, 1693), was an organist he com- ;
BAZZINI, ANTONIO, born at Brescia, posed masses, motets, psalms, and arias of
Lombardy, March 10, 1818, still living, merit. Fetis ; Mendel.
1888. Viohnist and composer, pupil of BAZZONI, GIOVANNI LUIGI, born in
Faustino Camisani. At the age of seven- Milan in 1816, died in Paris, September, 1871.
teen he was maestro di cappella of the Dramatic composer, studied in his native
Church of S. Filij)po, Brescia, had written city, settled iu Paris after 1836, and became
masses and vespers for that church, and chef de chant at the Theatre Italien in 1852.
brought out sis oratorios for full orchestra. A few years after 1858 he went to Italy, but
Pagauini heard him play the violin in 1836, returned to Paris, where he died in want.
and advised him to travel, and from 1840 Works I tre mariti, farce, Teatro della
:
he played in all the i^rincipal cities of Italy, Canobbiana, Milan, 1836 Salvator Rosa, ;
France, Germany, and Belgium as a virtu- opera, ib., 1837 Le quart d'heure de Rabe-
;
oso and composer. In 18.52 he went to lais, operetta, Paris, Folies Nouvelles, about
Paris, where Pougin was iu the orchestra 1858 II rinnegato fiorentiuo, opera, Turin,
;
at the Gymnase Theatre where his concerts Teatro Regio, after 1858. Vocal melodies,
were given, and he recognized in him one and morceaux de genre for pianoforte.
of the most finished violinists he had ever Fetis, Supplement, i. 59.
heard. In 186-1 he returned to Brescia, and BEALE, WILLIAM, born at Landrake,
in 1873 was made professor of couuterjioint England, Jan. 1, 1784, died in London,
and composition at the Conservatorio, Mil- May 3, 1854. Vocal composer, principally
an. Works : Tvu-audot, opera, given at La of glees and madrigals chorister of West- ;
Scala, Milan, in 184:4, which was not suc- minster Abbey under Dr. Arnold and Rob-
cessful. His psalms, among which is the ert Cooke. He was awarded the prize cuj)
Resurrection, were considered his best given by the Madrigal Society in 1813, for
works, and next to these his symphonies his "Awake, sweet Muse," and a j^rize from
and cantatas. He wrote overtures to Alfie- the Adelphi Glee Club in 1840. In 1820
ri's "Saul"and Shakespeare's " Kinglunax." he published a collection of his glees and
His compositions for violin are numerous Le : madrigals, and about 1879 a selection from
Carillon d'Arras, air flamand vario, op. 36 ;
his MSS., consisting of thirteen glees, etc.,
Trois morceaux h'riques Nocturne, Scher-
: was published. Grove.
zo, Berceuse, op. 41; Trois morceaux so- BEATRICE ET BENEDICT, French
natas Allegro, Romance, Finale, op. 44,
: opera in two acts, text and music by Hec-
are the best.
Fetis; do.. Supplement, i. tor Berlioz, represented at the theatre of
58 Larousse Riemann, Lex. Wasielewski,
; ; ; Baden-Baden, Aug. 9, 1862. Subject from
Die Violine, 312. Much Ado about Nothing."
Shakespeare's "
BAZZINO, FRANCESCO MARIA, born BEATRICE DI TENDA, Italian opera,
at Lovero, Venetia, iu 1593, died at Berga- text by Felice Romani, music by Bellini,
mo, April 15, 1660. Celebrated theorbist, firstrepresented in Venice, March 16, 1833 ;
pupil of Giovanni Cavaccio at Bergamo, at the King's Theatre, London, March 22,
where he became organist at Sta. INIaria 1836 ; at the Theatre des Italiens, Paris,
Maggiore having entered the service of the
; Feb. 8, 1841 ; and at Palmo's Opera House,
Duke of Modeua, he went thence to Vienna, New York, March 18, 1844. Subject : Fi-
136
;
BEAU
lippo di Visconti, Duke of Milau, suspect- died there in December, 1863. Church
ing his wife, Beatrice di Tenda, of infidel- composer, pupil of Alliaume, Kreutzer, Be-
ity, sends her to punishment by torture nincori, and Mehul. He won the 2d grand
together with pretended accomplice prix at the Institut de France iu 1800, and
her
Orombello. Originally sung by Pasta, Curi- the 1st in 1810but he did not avail him- ;
oui, and Cartagenova, this opera was coldly self of its privileges, continuing his studies
received both at Venice and Florence. Al- under Mchul, and settling soon afterwards
though it contains many interesting num- at Niort he sent a Miserere to the Institut
;
bers, it did not succeed much better in in 1812, a Laudate and a cantata, Sapho,
Paris, where, however, it was reproduced iu 1813, a Dornine Salvum in 1814. He
was the founder of quartet meetings at
Niort, and in 182'J of a Philharmonic Soci-
ety, afterwards known as the Association
Musicale de I'Ouest (1835), one of the most
successful societies of the kind in France.
In 18G6 he instituted a vocal society iu
Paris, called La Societe de Chant Classique,
and endowed both of these so-
at his death
cietieswith the fortune amassed at his con-
certs, and by his works. He wrote also
several works on music. His most im-
portant compositions are Miserere for :
four voices, soli and chorus (1812) Sapho, ;
IjTic scene for solo and chorus, Laudate Do-

minum for two choruses (1813) Domine sal- ;
iinta Frezzolin'. vum for five voices, soli and choruses (1817)
Jeanne dArc, cantata (1817) Requiem Mass ;
in 1854 with Frezzolini in the title-role,

for four voices, soli and chorus (1819) An- ;
aided by Graziaui. Mine Frezzolini, who acreon, opera (about 1819) Sixieme Ode ;
retained her maiden name on the stage, not- sacree de J. B. Eousseau, for soli and cho-
withstanding her marriage with the tenor rus (1828) Quinzieme Ode sacree de do.,
;
Poggi, made her debut as Beatrice in 1838 for single voice Fantaisie for violin,
solo ;
in Florence. The same subject had been and chorus Psyche et lAmour, scenes, soli ;
previously treated in Philippus, Herzon- and chorus (1833) Fete bachique, scene, ;
von Mailand, text by Hinscb, music by tenor solo and chorus (1835) Hymne pour ;
Mattheson and Bronner, Hamburg, 1701, la premiere communion (1840) L'Ocean, ;
which was given also as Beatrix in 1702 morceau d'ensemble (1841) L'Hymne du
; ;
and later in Beatrice, music by Josef Wolf- matin, oratorio (1843) Messe solennelle for ;
ram, Dresden, 1837 and in Beatrice, music four voices, soli and chorus
;
(1845) Llm- ;
by Guimarais, Italy, 1882. mortalite de I'ame, oratorio, L'Hymne de la

'
BEAU DUNOIS, LE, operette in one act, nuit, do. (1851) Jeanne d'Ai-c, grande ;
textby Chivot and Duru, music by Charles scene lyrique iu two parts (1853) Mass for ;
Lecocq, represented at the Theatre des Va- three voices and organ
(18.53) Philadelphie, ;
rietfts, Paris, April 13, 1870.

opera (1855). Fetis do., Supplement, ; i.
BEAUJOYEULX, BALTHASAR DE. 59 Mendel Riemann.

; ;
See BaJlazarini. BEAUjMESNIL, HENEIETTE ADE-

BEAULIEU, MARIE DESIRE (MAR- LAIDE VILLARD DE, born in Paris, Aug.
TIN), called, born in Paris, April 11, 1791, 31, 1758, died there in 1813. Dramatic
137
;:
BEAUTE
singer and composer, shone as one of the romances entitled, Le troubadour, with ac-
companiment (Paris, 1816). He also pub-
great stars of the Opera in 17G6-74, retired
in 1781, and soon after married the actor lished Methode d'orgue suivi de I'olfice :
Philippe of the Comedie ItaUeune. Works complet de dimanches et d'un Te Deum.

Les Saturnales (act of a ballet), Academie Fetis do., Sujiplement, i. 61 Mendel ; ;
;
Eoyale de Musique, 1784: Tibulle et Delie, Schilling. ;
ojjera, ib., 1784 Anacreou Les legisla-

;
BECHER, ALFRED JULIUS, born in
;
trices Plaire, c'est commander, comic op- Manchester, England, in 1803, died
; in
era. Theatre Montansier, 1792. Fetis; do., Vienna, Nov. 23, 1848.
He was of German
Supi^lemont, i. 61 ; Mendel. parentage, and his life was spent at Elber-
BEAUTE DIVINE, ENCHANTERESSE. feld, Cologne, Diisseldorf, The Hague, and
See Huguenots. until 1841, when he settled in Vi- Loudon
BEAUVARLET CHAEPENTIEE, JEAN and became musical critic of the enna,
JACQUES, born in Abbeville in 1730, died Wiener Musik-Zeitung and the Sonutags-
in Paris, May, 1794. Organist at Lyons, bliitter. In 1848 he became a violent demo-
and later (1771) of the Abbey Chmxh of St. crat, and was tried by court-martial and
Victor, Paris. In 1772 he succeeded Da- shot in the Stadtgraben, Vienna. Works :
quin at St. Paul's, Paris, and was also one 8 poems for one voice and pianoforte, op. 1
of the four organists at Notre Dame. The (Leipsic) 8 lyrical pieces for pianoforte, op. ;
Revolution deprived him of these positions, 2 (Cologne) 3 sonatas for pianoforte, op. 7 ;
and he died of a broken heart. After the (Hegel) monologue for pianoforte, oj). 9 ;
death of Armand Louis Couperin he was (Vienna) 5 songs for one voice with piano- ;
considered the greatest of French organists. forte, op. 10 ; etc. His songs were pub-
Works : Sonates de lished in four collections in Cologne and
Piuces d'orgue (Paris) ;
clavecin, op. 2 et 8 Fugues pour orgue, Vienna. AUgem. d. Biogi'., i. 200 AUgem.
; ;
op. 6 ;Trois magnificats pour orgue, ojo. 7 Zeitg., Dec. 3, 1848, Beilage Fetis Men- ;
; ;
Journal d'orgue, in twelve numbers with del Wurzbach, i. 207. ;
some of hishymns, four for the Circumci- BECK, FRANZ, born at Mannheim in
and the 1730, died at Bordeaux, Dec. 31, 1809. Vio-
sion, the Ej)iphanj-, the Purification,
Annunciation, and four processional cho- linist, pupil of his father, who was privy
ruses. Futis Larousse Schilling Mendel. councillor to the Prince Palatine adopted
; ; ; ;
BEAUVARLET-CHARPENTIER, by and a great favourite of the latter, he for-

JACQUES MAEIE, born in Lyons, July 3, feited his brilliant prospects in consequence
1766, died in Paris in November, 18.34. Or- of a fatal duel, which caused his flight to
ganist and composer son and pujjil of Jean Paris, whence he was called in 1777 to Bor-
;
Jacques Beauvarlet-Charpentier, whom he deaux as concert director. Works 24 sym- :
succeeded as organist at the Church of St. phonies (1776) Stabat Mater, performed ;
Paul, Paris, when the churches were re- at the Concert Spirituel, Paris, 1783 Pan- ;
opened after the Revolution. He was also dore, a melodrama, ib., Thi'atre de Monsieur,
organist of St. Germain-des-Pres towards 1789 Gloria Credo Quartets for violin ; ; ; ;
the latter part of his life. Works : Victoire Sonatas for pianoforte. Fetis.
de I'armee d'ltalie, ou Bataille de Monte- BECK, JOHANN HEINRICH, born, of
notte, for organ or harpsichord (Paris, 1796) German parentage, in Cleveland, Ohio, Sept.
Airs varies a quatre mains pour clavecin 12, 1856, still living, 1888. Violinist, began
(1799) La bataille d'Austerhtz (1805)
; La the study of the violin when quite young.
;
bataille d'lena (1807) Gervais, ou le Jeune In 1879-82 he studied in the Leipsic Con-
;
aveugle, opera, given in Paris, Theatre des servatorium the pianoforte, violin, and vi-
Jeunes Artistes, 1802 and a collection of ola, and theory and composition under Carl
;
138
;
BECKEL
Keinecke, Jadassolin, Oscar Paul, F. Her- der, op. 1 (Leipsie, Siegel, 1857) Lieder ;
mann, Alfred Richter, and others aud ou im Volkston fiir Haus und Herz (Berlin,
;
his return in the latter year settled in Cleve- Simrock) S3'm- ;
land as a teacher and violinist. He has phony in minor G

(1858); Lieder
received considerable praise as a violinist,
and compositions have been favour- aus Julius Wolff's
his
ably noticed in both Germany and Amer- Rattenfilnger von
ica. Originator of the Schubert Quartet of Hameln, do. aus
Cleveland. Works
Byron's "Lara," ovei-- Der wilde Jager
:
ture in E minor
Shakespeare's " Romeo and (1877); Mass in B
;
Juliet," overture String quartet in C minor

; minor (Leipsie, ;
String se.\tet in D
minor Bayard Taylor's Breitkojjf & Har-
;
Deukaliou, cantata. Songs Bitte, Der tel, 1879); Weine

:
Schwere Abend, Meeresabend, Bedouin Love nicht!, a dirge for the soldiers fallen in
Song, and others. These are all in MS. battle, 18GG Reformations Kantate (1883) ;
;
BECKEL, JAMES COX, born, of Ameri- chorals and sacred folk-songs. Mendel,
can parentage, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Ergiinz., 27 Riemann Wochenblatt
(1884), ; ;
Dec. 20, 1811, still Uving, 1888. Organist, 179, 214.

began the study of music at the age of six BECKER, CONSTANTIN JULIUS, born
under Jacob Reelsecker, a Moravian min- at Freiberg, Saxony, Feb. 3, 1811, died at
ister, and afterwards studied counterpoint Oberlosnitz, ib., Feb.
26, 1859. Dramatic
and musical theory under Filippo Trajetta. composer, pupil of Aiiacker in singing, then
"When thirteen years old he was chosen or- at Leipsie of Karl Ferdinand Becker (or-
ganist of St. James's Church, Lancaster. ganist and distinguished writer on music,
In 1840 he became organist of St. Raid's 1804-77) in counterpoint. In 1837 he be-
Church, in 1843 of the Crown Street Church, came editor of the Neue Zeitschrift fiir
in 1847 of the Clinton Street Church, all in Musik and wrote many articles
for it until
Philadelphia in 1858 of Christ Church, 1846
; about 1843 he settled at Dresden, ;
Germantown, where he remained until and taught singing and composition until
1876, when he returned to the Clinton 1846, when he retired suddenly to Ober-
Street Church, Philadelphia, of which he losnitz. Works Symphony for grand or- :
is still organist. Works

The chestra, performed at Leipsie, 1843 Das
: 3 cantatas. ;
Nativity, Pilgrim's Progress, and Ruth Zigeunerleben, rhapsody, ib., 1845 Die ;
The Restoration, oratorio, in MS. and Erstiirmung von Belgrad, opera, ib., 1848
;
;
many minor pieces. He has also written Lieder, op. 2, 5, 6, 8, 14, 17 (Leipsie and
a method of organ instruction, and is the Dresden) 3 duets for female voices,
op. 36 ;
;
compiler of The Psalter, a collection of Lieder for three voices and pianoforte, op.
church music. 21, 23 Serenade for violin aud violoncello, ;
BECKER, ALBERT (ERNST ANTON), op. 34. He has also written a singing
born at QuedHnburg, June 13, method for male voices (Leipsie, 1845), and
1834, still
living,
mann
1888. Pupil of the organist Her- two treatises ou harmony. Allgem. mu.s.
Bonicke, then of Dehu in Berlin Zeitg., 1. 411 ; Fetis.
(1853-56), where he settled as a music BECKER, JOHANN, born in Mannheim,
teacher, and
1881 became professor of Germany, May 11, 1836, died there, Oct.
in
composition at Scharwenka's Conservato- 10, 1884. Violinist, pupil in Mannheim
of
rium. For his symphony he received the Kettenus
and in Paris of Alard. He ap-
second prize from the Gesellschaft der Mu- peared in public when only eleven
years
sikfreunde in Vienna, 1861. Works Lie- old, succeeded Kettenus as leader of the
:
139
;
BECKER
Mannheim orchestra, played with success in nouveau Fantaisies on ; different themes,
Paris and Loudon in 1859-60, and, after etc. Fetis.
travelling through most of Europe, settled BECQUI^, JEAN IVIARIE, called Bee-
in 1866 at Florence, where, with Masi and quie de Peyreville, born at Toulouse in
Chiostri, and the German violoncellist Hil- 1797, died in Paris, January, 1876. Violin-
pert, he established the celebrated Floren- brother of preceding, pupil of Rudolf
ist,
tiuer Quartett, which had a well-deserved and August Kreutzer at the Consei'vatoire,
reputation for the performance of string Paris, where he won the second jsrize in
music. He composed music for the violin. 1823, and the first in 1826. He played
BECKER, REINHOLD, born atUdorf, successively in several theatre orchestras,
Saxony, in 1842, still and was then for many years violinist at
living, 1888. Violin- the Theatre Italien. Works Fantaisie for :
ist, fived for some violin and pianoforte Air varie, with vio- ;
years in Souther u lin, viola, and bass; do., with quartet; Sev-
France, giving con- eral other pieces for violin. Fetis.
certs, but, obliged to BESVAROVSKY, ANTON FELIX, born
give up his instru- at Jungbunzlau, Bohemia, AjH-il 9, 1754,
ment on account of died in Berlin, May 15, 1823. Organist of
an injury to his hand, the Church of St. James, Prague, about
1
he settled in Dres- 1777, of the principal church at Brunswick
den as a comjioser. in 1779, resigned in 1796, lived at Bam-
Works Der Priiiz von Homburg, sym- berg until 1800, when he removed to Ber-
:
phonic poem Concerto for violin Wald- lin. Works Concerto for pianoforte, op. 1
; ; :
morgen, for male chorus Songs. ; do., op. 2 (Oflenbach, 1794) Three sonatas ;
BECKMANN, JOHANN FRIEDRICH for pianoforte, op. 3 (Berlin, 1797) Con- ;
GOTTLIEB, born in 1737, died at Celle, certo for do., op. 6 (Brunswick) Niihe des ;
April 25, 1792. Instrumental and vocal Geliebten, song with pianoforte Gesiinge ;
composer and one of the best pianists of beym Klavier, 2 collections (1801); Songs
the 18th century. He was organist of the with pianoforte, 1st collection (Offenbach,
new church at Celle, and excelled in impro- 1799) do., 2d collection (ib.) Die Wiirde ; ;
visation, in which ho often made use of der Frauen, song with pianoforte (1800).
double counterjjoint. Works Lukas und Fetis Mendel Schilling.
: ; ;
Hannchen, opera, given at Hamburg, 1782 B:6DARD, JEAN BAPTISTE, liorn at

;
3 sonatas for harpsichord (17G9) 3 do. Rennes, Brittany, about 1765, died in Paris
;
(Hamburg, 1770) 3 concertos for harpsi- about 1815. Violinist was first violin and
; ;
chord (Berlin, 1779) Solo for harpsichord maitre de musique at the theatre of his
;
(Hamburg, 1797). Fetis Schilling. ; native town, and settled in Paris in 1796.
BECQUIE, JEAN IMARIE (?), born at Works Two symphonies for grand orches- :
Toulouse about 1800, died in Paris, Nov. tra Duet for harp and horn Several suites ; ;
10, 1825. Flutist, pupil of Tulou and of for wind instruments Duets for violins, op. ;
Guillod at the Conservatoire, Paris, where 2, 3, 4, 28, 53, and 58 Suites of duets for ;
he won the first prize in 1822. Having for one violin (double string) Square dances ;
some years played in the orchestra of a and waltzes for orchestra Airs varies, and ;
small theatre, he became first flutist at the pot-pourris for violin Methode for violin ;
Opera Comique in 1821. Works Grande (Paris, I860). Fetis.

:
fautaisie and variations for flute, with or- BEECKE, IGNAZ VON, lived in the
chestra Les regrets, do., for flute and latter half of the 18th century, died at Wal-
;
pianoforte ; Ronde d'Emma variee ; Air lerstein, January, 1803. One of the best
14U
;
T^F.TTriAARD
harpsichoitT plaj-ers of his time. He was \

fifth valve. In 1777-82 he was chamber
captain of dragoous iu Hobenzollcru, was a musician to the Due d'Orli'aus, and after a
friend of Gluck and of Jommelli, bis master concert tour through Holland, England,
in composition, and of W. A. Mozart, with and Germany, held a similar position at
whom he played a concerto for four hands the court of St. Petersburg in 1783-90, and
at the Emperor's coronation at Frankfort. finally in Berlin, from 1792. Works: 3
Among his works are Roland, French op- concertos for clarinet 6 duets for do.; Solo
:
;
era Claudine de Villa Bianca, opera, given variations for do. Fctis Mendel Schil-
;
; ;
in Vienna, 1784 Die Weinlese, do., ib., ling Wurzbach.

; ;
about 1785; Die Jubelbochzeit, List ge- BEER, JULES, born about 1835, still
gen List, Nina, Die zerstOrte Hirtenfeier, living, 1888, in Pari.s. Amateur dramatic
operas Overture and choruses to the composer, nephew of Meyerbeer. Works
;
:
Hermannssehlacht lOagen iiber den Tod En etat de siege, comic opei-a, performed
;
der grossen Silngerin Nanette, von Gluck in Paris, 1859 Les roses de M. de Males- ;
(Augsburg, 1777) Der brave Maun (Mainz, herbes, do., ib., 18G1
; La fille d'fegypte, ;
1784) Friedens
; Kautate for grand orches- ib.. Theatre Lyrique, 18G2 Elisabetta d' ;
tra (Hambui-g, 1797). His instrumental Ungheria, La Scala, Milan, Feb. 15, 1871
music consists of six sonatas for harpsi- Le Paria The 137th psalm, for soli, chorus, ;
chord, four trios for do. (Paris, 17G7) Six and orchestra, Paris, 1868 Songs.;
Fetis, ;
symphonies for eight parts, six symphonies Supplement, i. G3.
for six iârts Three quartets for flute, vio-

;
BEER, MAX JOSEF, born iu Vienna,
lin, viola, and bass Three do., 2d book 1851, still living, 1888. Dramatic com-
;
(Spires, 1791). An oratorio, Die Auferste- poser, first instructed by his father, then
hung Jesu (1794) besides a great deal of pupil of Dessoft'. Works Otto der Schiitz,
;
:
vocal music with pianoforte accompaniment. opera (MS.) ; Der Pfeiferkonig, do. ; Das
letis Gerber, N. Lex.; Schilling.
;
Stelldicheiu auf der Pfahlbriicke, operetta
BEEHGAARD, JULIUS, born at Copen- (prize) Der wilde Jiiger, for soli, chorus, ;
hagen, Dec. 19, 1843, stiU living, 1888. and orchestra Suite for pianoforte, op. 9 ; ;
Composer, pupil of the Conservatorium, Eichendorffiana, Spielmannsweisen, Abend-

Leipsic, Copenhagen of several mas-
and in feier, Heidebilder, Was sich der Wald er-
ters, last Gade visited Germany and

of ; ziihlt, lyric cycles for pianoforte ; Songs.
Italy, and lived for some time in Paris be- Riemann.
fore returning to his native city. Works : BEETHOVEN, LUDWIG VAN, born iu
Concert overture for Bonn, Dec. 16,orchestra ; Sailor's

Life, On the Field of Battle, Cycluses for probably 17 70,
baritone solo, with pianoforte Four-part died in Vienna, ;
songs, songs, and pianoforte music. Men- March 26, 1827.

del, Ergiiuz., 29. The family came
BEER, JACOB. See Meyerbeer. originally from
BEER, JOSEF, born at Griinwald, Bo- a village near
hemia, April 18, 1744, died at Potsdam in Louvain, whence,
1811. At first a trumpeter in the Austrian iu 1650, they re-
army, he entered the French service shortly moved to Ant-
after, and, going to Paris in 1771, was en- werp. The name,
Garde du Corps, where he first originally as we
rolled in the
took up the clarinet, and became the most now know it, underwent various changes of
eminent virtuoso ever heard on that instru- spelling (BiethofTen, Biethofen, Biethoven,
ment, which he perfected by adding the Bethoveu, Betthoven, Bethof), until at last
;
BEETHOVEN
it returned to its original Ludwig's made the acquaintance of von Breuning, to
form.
father, Jean, and Ludwig whose children he gave lessons, and in
his grandfather
were musicians in the court baud of the whose family his taste for literature was
Elector of Cologne at Bonn his mother, first cultivated.
; In 1788 he entered the or-
Maria Magdalena Keverich, was daughter chestra of the new National Theatre as sec-
of the head-cook at Ehrenbreitstein. She ond viola. His circumstances at this time
was the widow of one Leym, or Laym, were of the saddest his mother and his ;
when she married Jean Beethoven, Nov. 12, only remaining sister had died (one sister,
1767. Ludwig was the second of seven born, 1779, lived only four days), and his
children, but as the first, Liidwig Maria, father had become a confirmed drunkard
born, April 1, 1769, lived only six days, he he was, moreover, very poor. In 1790 and
was virtually the eldest of the family. He
began to study music at the age of four
under his father, a barsh teacher, who seems
well to have appreciated his son's talent.
The boy was taught the ordinary branches
and a little Latin at a public school, which,
however, be left when he was thirteen.
When he was nine years old his father gave
up his musical education to Pfeift'er, a tenor
singer at the Bonn opera. He studied the
organ under Van den Eeden, organist of
the court chapel, and, after he had left
school, Latin, French, and Italian under j
one Zambona. In 1781 he began to study

under Neefe, who succeeded Van den Eeden
as court organist. A year or two later he
was up to playing most of the Wohltemper-
irteKlavier, and to taking Neefe's jslace at
the organ when
necessary. In
1783 he was ap-
pointed cembal-
ist in the or-
Beethoven's Birthplace.
chestra without
salary, part of 1792 Haydn passed through Bonn on his
the duties of way toand from London on the second
;
the position be- occasion he warmly praised a cantata by

conduct Beethoven, which was given before him.
ing to
theopera
or- Up to this time the Elector had taken no
chestra.
In esisecial notice of Beethoven, but now he
1784 he was appointed second organist, determined that he should be sent to Vienna
with a salary of 1.50 florins (about $63.30). to study. Accordingly he went, at the age
During this year be studied the \iolin under of twenty-two, and the second period of his
Franz Ries. In 1787 he made his first trip life began. His comjjositions had hitherto
to Vienna, where he stopped pi-obably not been singularly few and unimportant, com-
longer than three months, taking a few les- pared with the early works of other great
sons of Mozart. Ou his return to Bonn he composers but when he reached Vienna
;
142
BEETHOVEN
Haydn considered liini quite up to the before the j'ear was out he went back to
greatest undertakings, and very soon volun- Prague, and even to Berlin, where he played
own mantle, as it were, at court and at the Singakademie. He very
tarily transferred liis
to the young man's shoulders. Mozart had soon returned to Vienna. In 1798 he again
died the year before. In November, 1792, visited Prague, playing at two concerts there.
Beethoven was well settled in the Alservor- During this year he met, and had a friendly
stadt, Vienna, and immediately began study- rivalry with, WOlffl in Vienna. Up to the
ing under Haydn the lessons were in strict end of the century his Vienna comjjositions,
;
counterpoint (strict according to the then excepting the first concerto, had all been in
existing views in Germany, but probably the way of chamber music but in 1800 his ;
pretty lax by the Palestrina standard), the C major .symphony appeared, although it
text-book being Fux's Gradus ad Parnas- had been written for two or three years. It
sum. But Haydn was too busy to give him was brought out, on April 2d, at a benefit
the attention he desired, and Beethoven,
dissatisfied with
his progress,
soon took extra
lessons secretly
from S c h e n k.
When Haydn
went again to
England, in 1794,
Beethoven con-
tinued his studies
in counterjjoint
under Alln-echtsberger, and took violin les-
sons from Schuppanzigh. He also benefited
by the advice of Salieri in Italian vocal com-
position, and
of Aloys Forster in quartet
writing. In this year his allowance from
the Elector was stojipeil, and henceforth he
was dependent wholly upon his own re-
sources. He had excellent introductions to
Caricature of Beethoven.
influential people, and the time of his ar-
rival was fortunate. Mozart's death had left concert given him at the Burg Theater. In
the field comparatively free. It was as a 180 1. Czerny first began to take lessons of
jjianist that he first became known at the him. In this year his deafness, premoni-
musical parties of Priuz Lichnowsky and tory symptoms of which had shown them-
Baron van Swieten but his compositions
; selves as early as 1798, began to trouble
soon began to win him renown, if at first in him seriously.His productiveness went on
a rather restricted circle. On March 29, increasing steadily until his death he was ;
1795, he made his first apjiearance before in the habit of working on several composi-
the general public with his concerto in C at tions at a time, and, although he composed
the annual concert in the Burg Theater for very slowly, writing and rewriting passages
the widows's fund of the Artists' Society. over and over again until" he was satisfied
In 1796 he and Haydn appeared together with them, he was certainly one of the most
at a second concert. He had already paid prolific of composers. As he brought out
short visits to Prague and Nui'emberg, and one work after another, his success with the
143
;
BEETHOVEN
Vienna public, and especially with the circle sums he received from publishers seem
of distinKiiisbed amateurs amonp; whom he small to-day, he was reallj' fairly well off in
a material way during his life in Vienna.
He never held anj' official position, but re-
ceived yearly allowances from more than
one noble patron and when these noble-
;
men died he had already invested money in

the Bank of Austria. The privations he
submitted to in his later years were for the
most part voluntary, and occasioned by his
laying up money to provide for his nephew
Carl, the whole charge of whose mainte-
nance and education he took upon himself
at the death of his brother Caspar Karl in
1826. The recklessness and ingratitude of
this young ne'er-do-weel, together with his
own increasing deafness, which at last be-
came total, and general ill-health, the result
of a disease which even his iron constitu-
tion could not withstand, were the great
crosses of the later part of his life. The
Beethoven's Tomb, Vienna.
found his most influential patrons, was al-

most constant, no matter what strictures
critics and contemporary composers might
make on his music. In spite of his brusque
manners and his utter disregard for the
conventionalities, even for the common de-
cencies, of social intercourse, he never lacked
a circle of worshipping admirers who were
willing to put up with all his whims. He
passed his summers in the country, for
which he had an ardent love, and was very
restless, changing his winter lodgings al-
most every jear, sometimes more than once
in a season. The nearest ajjproach to his
losing his hold upon the public was about
1823, when the Eossini fever was at its
height. The popularity of Rossini's operas Beethoven's Statue Bonn, in
probably had more to do with this than the

novelty of his own, so-called, third manner immediate cause of his death was an attack
for when his ninth symphony was given, in of dropsy brought on by a cold in the stom-
1824, it was received with unbounded en- ach caught while travelling in the damp
thusiasm by the audience. Although the December weather iu an open chaise.
BEETHOVEN
His funei-al was attended, says Breuuiug, For strings 3 quintets, for 2 violins, 2 violas,
:
by 20,000 people, iiicluiling many distiu- and violoncello, in E-flat (after octet, op.
guislied musicians, and a great crowd fol- 103), op. 4, in C, op. 29, in C minor (after
lowed the hearse to the Wiihringer Ceme- trio, op. 1), 01^. 104 Fugue in D, for do., ;
tery, where the body was interred under the oj). 137 ; Movement in C from an unfinished
south wall. In 1863, the grave having fallen quintet, for do. ; 17 (]uartets, for 2 violins,
into neglect, the remains both of Beethoven viola, and violoncello, in F, G, D, C minor,
and of Schubert, who lay near him, were ex- A, B-flat, op. 18, Nos. 1-6 {Lobkotvilz Quar-
humed and reburied by the Gesellschaft der in F, E minor, C, op. 59, Nos. 1-3
tets),
Musik-Freunde, and Beethoven's place of {Rasoumowskij Quartets), in E-flat, op. 74 in F
sepulture was marked by the monument il- minor, op. 95, in E-flat, op. 127, iu B-flat, o^j.
lustrated above. In 1888 the remains were 130, in C-sharp minor, oj). 131, in A minor,
again taken up and removed, with imposing op. 132, in F, op. 135, in F (after sonata,
ceremonies, to the Central Cemetery. Beet- op. 14, No. 1) Grand fugue iu B-flat, for
;
hoven was below middle height not more do.; 4 trios, for violin, viola, and violoncello,
than five feet and five inches but broad iu E-flat, op. 3, in G, D, C minor, op. 9, Nos.
across the shoulders and strongly built. 1-3 Serenade in D, for do. HL For "wind
;
'
The full-length sketch by Lyser, on page instruments Octet, for 2 oboes, 2 clarinets,
:
143, though probably intended for a cari- 2 horns, and 2 bassoons, in E-flat, ojp. 103 ;
cature, is said by Breuning to give a good Eondiuo, for do., in E-flat Sextet, for 2
;
idea of his general appearance. Works clarinets, 2 horns, and 2 bassoons, in E-flat,
Dramatic : Fidelia, opera, given in Vienna, op. 71 ; Trio for 2 oboes and English horn,
Theater an der Wien, Nov. 20, 1805. In- oix 873 duos for clarinet and bassoon 2
; ;
strumental. I. For orchestra : 9 sympho- equalôr 4 trombones. IV. For string and
nies, xrrC,oj).2j), intb,rap, 36,iu'JE-flat {Sin- wind iustrume\ts Septet, for violin, viola, :
fonia Erojca), op. 5.'^, in B-flat, op. 60, in C clarinet, bassooDv violoncello, and double
minor, op. 67:, in' {Sinfonia Pastorale), oy). bass, in E-flat, op. aO Sextet, for 2 violins,
;
6^ in Aj ,o]j. 92, in F, o-^. 93,, in. D minor viola, violoncello, and 2 horns, in E-flat, op.
{Choral SymiDhony), o]). 125; Die Ge- 81b Serenade for flute, violin and viola, op.
;
schopfe des Prometheus, ballet, op. 43 25. V. For pianoforte with accompaniment
;
Music to Goethe's Egmont, op. 84 Wel- 1, with orchestra 7 concertos, in C, op.

; :
linglon's Sieg oder die Schlacht bei Vit- 15, in B-flat, op. 19, in C minor, op.
37, in
toria, op. 91 10 overtures, to Prometheus, G, op. 58, in E-flat, op. 73, in D (after
;
the
in C, op. 43, to Coriolan, in C minor, op. violin concerto), op. Gl, in C (for pianoforte,
G2, to Leonore (No. 1, charakteristische Ou- violin, and violonceHo), op. 56
Phantasie ;
verture), in C, op. 138, do. (No. 2) in C, op.

with chorus, iu C nnnor, op. 80 Rondo in ;
72a, do. (No. 3), in C, op. 72a, to Fidelio, B-flat

2, with strings 3 quartets, in E- ; :
in E, op. 72b, to Egmont, in F minor, op. flat, D, and C Quartet (after

quintet) in E- ;
84, to Rainen von Athen, in G, op. 113, zur flat, op. 16 11 trios, in E-flat, G, C minor, ;
Namemfeier, in C, op. 115, to Ki^ni.g Ste- op. 1, Nos. 1-3, in D, E-flat, op.
70, Nos. 1
phan, in E-flat, op. 117, Die Weihe des and 2, in B-fli,t, op. 97, in E-flat,
in B-flat
Hauses, in C, op. 124 ; Allegretto (Gratula- (in one movement), in 2d sympho-D (after
tions-Menuet), in E-flat ; Triumphmarsch zu ny), in B-flat (with clarinet or violin, and
Tarpeja, in C ; 12 menuets ; 12 German violoncello), op. 11, in E-flat (after septet,
dMces ; 12 square dances
2 marches, for op. 20), op. 38 14 variations in E-flat, op.
;
;
miTitary band, in D
and in F./ For violin 44 Variations (Jrii bin der Schneider Ka- ;
and orchestra Romanze in G, op. 40 do. kadu) in G, op. 121a; 10 sonatas, for piano-
:
;
in F, op. 50 Concerto in D, op. 61. 11. forte and violin, in D, A, E-flat, op. 12, Nos.
;
145
;
BEETHOVElSr
1-3, ill A minor, op. 2.'j, in F, op. 24, in A, in F, G minor, op. 5, Nos. 1 and 2, in
C minor, G, op. 30, Nos. 1-3, in A, op. 47, A, op. 1 C9, in C, D, op. 102, Nos. 1
{Kreutzer Sonata) in G, op. 96 ; Rondo, for and [

2 ; Variations {Ein Mi'idchen oder
do., in G ; Variations (Se vuol ballare), Weibclieu), for do., in F, op. 60 ; do. (theme
for do., in F ; AUemaude, for do. ; 5 from Judas Maccabreus), in G ; do. (Bei
sonatas, for pianoforte and violoncello, Miiunern, welche Liebe f(ibleu), in E-llat
U6
;
BEETHOVEN
3, with wiml instruments : Quintet, with (

Vieni amore), in D ; 13 do. (Es war ein-
oboe, clarinet, born, and bassoon, in E-flat, mal), in A ; 9 do. (Qiiant' i- pih bello), in A ;
op. 16 ; Sonata, with horn, in F, op. 17 ; C do. (Nel cor jiiii nou), in G ; 12 do. {3Ie-
varied themes, with flute (or violin), op 105 nuet A la Vigano), iu C ; 12 do. (Russischer
10 do., op. 107. VI. For pianoforte alone Tanz), iu A ; 6 do. (Schweizerlied), in F
1, Sonata in D, ojx G 3 (also for harj)) 8 do. [Une fii-vre brulaute),
for 4 hands : ; ;
marches, in C, E-tlat, and D, op. 45 Varia- iu C 10 do. (La stessa), iu B-flat 7 do. ; ; ;
tions (theme by Count Waldstein) in C {Kind, willst du ruhig sehlafen), iu F 8 '
; ;
Lied mit Verilnderungen {Ich denke dein), do. {Tandehi und Scherzen), in F 6 do. ;
in D ; Grand fugue (after 021. 133), in B-flat, (original theme), in G ; 7 do. {God save the
op. 134 ; 2, solo : |32 sonatiis^yjtj^ttSijor, king), in C ; 5 do. {Bide, Britannia), iu D ; 8
,A, C, op.2, Nq3. 1^3^ E-flat, op. J, "me do. {Ich hab' ein kleines Hiittchen nur), iu
minor', F,
(Sonate pathctlque), op.
D, op. TO, ôs. 1-3,
l-B,
fu
in 1? G, op. 14;
d nimor B-flat
{Reich
; 32 do., in C miuor 7 do. in C
mir die Hand). Vocal. . With
;
^
Nos. 1 and 2, in B-flai, op. 2e!, ni A-flafop. orchestra : Cliridas am Oelberge, oratorio
26, in E-flat, Csharjo niiner (quasi-fantasia), for 3 solo voices, and chorus, op. 85, first
op. 27 {Laubensonale), No.s. 1 and 2, in* 6, performed iu Vienna, Theater an der Wien,
ojx 28 [Sonata pastorale,) iu G, D minor, April 5, 1S03 Mass iu C, for 4 solo voices ;
E-flat, op. 31, Nos. 1-3, in G minor, G, op,' and chorus, op. 86, Eisenstadt, Sept. 8,
49, Nos. 1 and 2, jn C, op. 53 {Wakhtein 1807 Mass {Missa solennis), in D, for do., ;
sonata), iu F, op. 54, in F minor, op. 57 {So- op. 123, St. Petersburg, March 27, 1824;
nala appassionata,) in F-sharp minor, op. Die Ruinen von Athen, eiu Nachsjîel (Kot-
78, in G (Souatiue), op. 7t\<tn E-flat (Das zebue), op. 113 Kunig Stejjhau, ein Vor- ;
Lebewohl, die Abweaeuheit, das Wieder- spiel (Kotzebue), op. 117, Pestb, Deutsches
sehn), oj). 81ft, iu E minor, op. 90, iu A, op. Theater, Feb. 9, 1812 March with chorus ;
101, in B-flat, op. 106 {Sonate fiir das Ham- from Die Euincu von Athen, op. 114, Vien-
merklavier), in E, op. 109, iu A-flut, op. na, Joseijhstildter Theater, Oct. 3, 1822 Der ;
110, iu C minor, op. 111.^ 3 sonatas iu E- glorreiche Augenblick, cantata for 4 solo
flat, F miuor, and D (written at the age voices and chorus, op. 13G, Vienna, Nov. 29,
of eleven) r Leichte Sonate (fragment), in 1814 Music to Goethe's Egmont, op. 84, ;
C 2 sonatiuas, iu G, and F ;[ 7 Bagalrllen, Vienna, May 24, 1810 Chorus in Phantasie,

; ;
ojj. 33 J.
2 preludes (also for organ) op. 39 ;
op. 80 ; do. (Schiller) in 9th symphonj', oji.
2 roudos, in C, and G, op. 51 ; Phantasie, 125 ; lleeresstille und gliiekliche Fahrt, for 4
iu G minor, op. 77 ; Polonaise, in C, op. 89 ;
voices, op. 112 ; Tremate, emjjj tremate, ter-
11 (12) neue BagaleUen, op. 119 6 Baga- zetto for sojjrano, tenor, and bass, oj). 116 ; ;
tellen, op. 126 Hondo a capriccio, in G, ojj. Ah ! perfido, scena and aria for sojjrano, op.
;
129 Koudo in A Menuet in E-flat Prii- 65 Opferlied for do., with chorus, oj). 121b
; ; ; ; ;
ludium, iu F minor 6 menuets (arrange- German ia's Wiedergeburt, for bass with
;
ment ?) 7 liindlerisehe Tilnze 6 do. (ar- chorus Es ist vollbracht

; for do. Ele-
; ; !, ;
rangement?); Andante iavori, in F; Ivleines gi.-<chcr Gesang, for 4 voices, with 2 violins,
Stiick,'iu B-flat Cadenzas to pianoforte con- viola, and violoncello, op. 118
; Bandeiilled ;
certos; Allemande (originally with violin) (Goethe), for 2 solo aud 3 choral voices, ;
Letzter Gedanke, iu C (after a movement for with 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, aud 2 horns,
5 string instruments) 6 variations (original 015. 122 Trauergesang bei Beethoven's Lei-
; ;
theme), in F, oj). 34 15 do., with fugue (do.) chenbegilnguiss, for four-part male chorus
;
iu E-flat, op. 35 6 do. (do.), iu D, op. 76 and 4 trombones. 11. 'Sîthout accompani-
;
;
33 do. (waltz by Diabelli), in C, op. 120; 9 do. ment Gesang der MOnche (from Schiller's :
(march by Dressier), iu C minor 24 do. Wilhelm Tell), for 3 male voices 18 canons
;
147
;
BEFFROY
for 2, 3, and i voices. III. Folk-songs, for 1875) Naumann,
; Deutsche Tondichter
one voice, jjartly for two, or three voices, (BerHn, 1882), 181.
and small chorus 25 Scotch songs, op. 108 :
;
BEFFKOY DE EEIGNY, LOUIS ABEL,
25 Irish songs 20 do. 12 do. 26 Welsh ; ; ; better known as Cousin Jacques, born at
songs 12 Scotch songs 12 miscellaneous
; ;
Laon, France, Nov. 6, 1757, died in Paris,
songs (English, Scotch, Irish, and Italian). Dec. 18, 1811. Eccentric composer of operas,
IV. Songs with pianoforte An die Hofi- : for which he wrote also the words, and the
uung (Tiedge), op. 32 Adelaide, op. 46 In ; ; ephemeral success of which was due solely
tjuesta tomba oscura 6 Lieder (Gellert), ; to the singularity of their titles and subjects.
op. 8 8 do., op. 52 6 do., oi^ 75 4 ariettas
; ; ; They were Les ailes de I'Amour, given in
:
and a duet (Metastasio), op. 82 3 songs ; 1786 L'Histoire universelle. Theatre Fey-
;
deau, 17.89 ; Nico-

deme dans lune
la
ou la Kevolution
pacifique. Theatre
Fran9ais, 1790 ; La
federation du Par-
The
^^îS^'^ (A^ nasse.
1790
Beaujolais,
li t r e
Jean-Bete, Theatre
(Goethe), oix 83 Freuud- ; Das Gliick der des Grands Danseurs du Roi, 1790 Louis ;
schaft, op. Hoffnung (Tiedge),

88 ; An die XII., Les foliesdansantes, Di'lassementscom-
op. 94 An die fei-ue Geliebte (Cyclus by
;
iques, 1790 Le club des bonnes gens. Thea-
;
Jeitteles), op. 98 Der Maun von Wort, ; tre de Monsieur, 1791 Nicodeme avix enfers.
;
oj).99 Merkenstein, op. 100 Der Kuss,

; ; Theatre Feydeau, 1791 Les deux Nico-
;
op. 128 28 others without op. No.-/ Lenz,

; demes, 1791 Allons, (, va, ou le Quaker en
;
Beethoven, eine Kunststudie (Caiwel, 1855- France, Theatre Feydeau, 1793 Toute la;
60) ; do., Beethoven et ses trois styles (St. Groce, ou ce que pent la liberto, Opera, 1794 ;
Petersburg, 1852) ; Schiudler, Biographie La petite Nanette, Theatre Feydeau, 1796 ;
von L. v. B. (Miinster, 1860) ; Kochel, Drei Turlututu, Empereur de I'lle verte, 1797 ;
und achtzig Briefe Beethoven's (Vienna, Jean-Baptiste, Theatre Feydeau, 1798 Un ;
1865) ; Thayer, Chronologisches Verzeich- Rien, ou I'Habit de noces, Ambigu Comique,

nissderWerkeB.'s (Berlin, 18G5); do., Beet- 1798 Le grand genre, ib., 1799 Les deux
; ;
hoven's Leben (ib., 1866-79) Nohl, Beet- ; Charbonniers, Madelon, Le Bonhomme, ou

hoven's Lebeu (Leipsic, 1867-77) do., ; Poulot et Fanchon, Theatre Montansier,
Neue Briefe B.'s (Stuttgart, 1867) Notte- ; 1799. He also jDublished, Les romances
bohm, Thematisches Verzeichuiss der Werke de Berquin (Paris, 1798), and a collection
B.'s, 1868)
(Leipsic, do., Beethoveniana ; of chansons. Soirees chantantes, ou le
(Leipsic k
Winterthur, 1872) do., Beethov- ; Chansonnier bourgeois (ib., 1805). Fetis ;
en's Studien (ib., 1873) do., Skizzenbuch ; do., Supplement, i. 64.
(Leipsic 1880) Graeme, Beethoven, a mem-

;
BEFIEHL DU DEINE WEGE, choral,
oir (London, 1870) Wagner (Parsons), Beet- to the melody "O Haupt voll Blut und
;
hoven, (Boston, 1872) La Mara, Ludwig van Wunden," in major, in Johann Sebastian
; D
Beethoven (Leipsic, 1873) do., Musikalische Bach's Passion nach Matthiius, Part 11. ;
Studienkopfe, HI. 319, 465 (Leipsic, 1880) BEGGAR'S OPERA, ballad opera, text by ;
Gerhard von Breuning, Aus dem Schwarz- John Gay, music by Johann Christoph Pe- 1
spanierhaus (Vienna, 1874) Marx, Ludwig pusch, first represented at Lincoln's Inn ;
I
van Beethoven, Leben und Schaffeii (Berlin, Fields Theatre, Loudon, Jan. 29, 1728. I
148
; !
BEHEERSCHER
Written ostensibly as an exposure of the BEHERRSCHER DERGEISTER, DER,
it is reallj' a keen satire overture to, by ^Yeber, op. 27, composed
vices of criminals,
on the corruj)tiou of the courtiers and poli- 1811, first original edition, score, Leipsic
ticians of the day. The songs, sixty-nine in (Peters). This entirely reconsti-ucted, and
number, were all written to English and jiartly rewritten, overture belonged, in its
Scotch ballad tunes, some old and some con- original and now lost form, to the unfinished
temporary, and were arranged and scored opera Riibezahl, comjjosed at Bre.slau in
by Dr. Pepusch, who wrote also the over- 1804^5. It is perhaps, of all the composer's
ture. The piece was received with great instrumental preludes, the most regular,
applause, was acted in London sixty-three complete, and musician-like. No flaw, from
times, and renewed the next season, and the fiery beginning to the end of the exciting
was produced in all the large towns of the peroration, can be detected aU is harmo- ;
kingdom. Gay's profits from the work are nious and rhythmical, a work of beauty.
said to have been 2,000, and it raised some Benedict, 141.
BEHOLD AND SEE, short air in E
minor, in Handel's Jfrxsiah, Part H.
BEHOLD GOD THE LORD PASSED
!
BY. See I>cr Herr ging voriiber.

BEHOLD, HOW STILL, HOW CALM.
See Geduld ! Geduld
BEHOLD THE LAMB OF GOD, chorus
in G minor, in Handel's Messiah, Part II.
BEI MANNERN, WELCHE LIEBE
FUHLEN, on theme of, for piano-
variations
forte and by Beethoven, com-
violoncello,
posed in 1801 (?). Dedicated to the Count-
ess Browne. Tlie theme is the familiar
duet between Pamina and Papageno, in
Mozart's Die Zaaherjldte: Published by

Mollo (Vienna). Thayer, Verzeichniss, 41.
Lavinia Fenton, as Polly Pe^chum
BEIDEN NEFFEN, DIE, oder Der
Onkel aus Boston (The Two Ne^^hews, or
of the actors in it from obscurity into prom- The Uncle from Boston), opera in three acts,
inence. Lavinia Fenton, who represented text by Dr. Caspar, music by Mendelssohn,
Polly Peachum, became the idol of the first performed in his father's house, Berlin,
town. Her portrait was engraved and sold on the composer's fifteenth birthday, Feb.
by thousands, her life was written, verses 3, 1824. This, Mendelssohn's fourth oper-
and letters to h.er published, and she hei-- atic work, contains an overture and four-
self, after resisting innumerable offers, be- teen numbers for voices and orchestra. It
came the mistress of the Duke of Bolton was never given in 2:)ublic. The autograph
and ultimately (1751) Duchess of Bolton. MS. is preserved in the Bibliothek, Berlin.
The Beggar's Opera was followed by numer- BEIDEN PADAGOGEN, DIE (The Two
ous imitations, which were called, from the Pedagogues), opera in one act, test bj- Dr.
introduction of old songs, ballad operas. Casj)ar, music by Mendelssohn, first pev-
Hogarth, ii. 40 Schcelcher, Life of Handel, formed in his father's house, Berlin, 1821.
;
81 ; Edwards, The Prima Donna, i. 13 It was the composer's third opera and was
Chappell, Popular Music of Olden Time, written in his twelfth year. It contains an
630. ovei'ture and twelve numbers for voices and
149
BEL
orcliestra. The MS. is iu the Berlin Bib- ment, he composed works for orchestra,
liotbek. wind and other instruments, and pianoforte.
BEL EAGGIO. See Semiramide. Fetis Mendel. ;
BELCHER, W1LLL\.M THOMAS, born BELICZAY, JULIUS VON, born at Ko-

iu Birmingham, Eng- morn, Hungary, Aug. 10, 1835, still living,
land, March 8, 1827, 1888. Pianist, jDujail in Vienna of Joachim
still living, 1888. Or- Hoffmann and Franz Krenu, afterwards of
ganist of Great Barr Anton Halm on the pianoforte, and of Notte-
Church, Staffordshire, bohm in theory. After living alternately at
1856 of St. Silas Lo- Presburg and Vienna, he has resided in
;
zell's, B i r m i u g h am, Pesth since 1871, as civil engineer of the
1861 of St. George's, royal Hungarian railroad. Works Mass

; :
ib.,18G4-78; of Hands- for soli, chorus, and orchestra Ave Maria, ;
worth Parish Church, for do., op. 9 String quartet, op. 21 Trio, ; ;
1878-81 and of Holy op. 30 Andante for string orchestra, op.

; ;
Triuity, Bordesley, 1884 Mus. Bac, Ox- 25 Pianoforte music for two and four
;
ford, 1867 Mus. Doc, 1872.

; Works The hands Songs. Mendel Ergiinz., 30 Eie-
:
; ; ;
Sea of GalQee, oratorio, Oxford, 1872 Es- maun. ;
telle, ojsera (MS.) The Fates, cantata, Ox-

; BELISARIO, opera in three acts, text by
ford, 1867 Excelsior, cantata, 1868 Church Dartigny, music by Philidor, first repre-
; ;
music Four-part songs, songs, glees, etc.

; sented at the Theatre des Italiens, Paris,
BELCKE, FRIEDRICH AUGUST, born Oct. 3, 1796. The subject, the story of
at Lucka, Saxony, May 27, 1795, died there, Belisarius, the famous Byzantine general in
Dec. 10, 1874. Virtuoso on the trombone, the reign of the Emperor Justinian, is from
son and pupil of Christian Gottfried Belcke, Marmontel's romance, "Belisaire" (1767).
an able oboe and flute player (1765-1838). The same subject is treated in Belisar,
He filled a place iu the city band M'heu a German melodrama, music by Leon de
boy of twelve, vfent in 1811 to Altenburg to Saint-Lubin, given at the Josephstadt The-
study with the city musician Sachse, and ater, Vienna, 1827 and in a tragedy, music ;
soon after to Loipsic, where he appeared in by J. M. Maurer, Bamberg, 1830.

solos in 1815, and was immediately en- BELISARIO, Italian opera in three acts,
gaged for the Gewandhaus and theatre or- text and music bj' Donizetti, first repre-
chestras. With his brother the flutist, Chris- sented at the Teatro Fenice, Venice, Feb. 7,
tian Gottlieb Belcke, he made a concert tovir 1836 ; at the King's Theatre, Loudon, April
through Merseburg, Halle, and Dessau to 1, 1837 ; at the KOnigstadische Theater,
Berlin, where he was appointed chamber mu- Berlin, April, 1838 ; at the Theatre des Ita-
sician in 1816. Weber invited him to Dresden liens, Paris, Oct. 24, 1843 and at Palmo's
;
to play at a court concert, and in Berlin he Opera House, New York, March 14, 1844.
played (after 1827) at church concerts with The libretto, which recalls Marmontel's
especial success. Concert tours through romance and the several tragedies on the
Germany, Denmark, and the Netherlands in- subject, contains some striking musical
creased his fame, and the Conservatoire of situations. The work was successful in
Paris conferred upon him the medal of hon- Italy and in England, but was not very
our in 1841:. He was the first virtuoso on his warmly received in Paris. It was sung at
instrument who introduced it into the con- the Italiens by Giulia Grisi, Fornasari,
cert room. In 1858 he resigned his j)osition Mile Nissen, Morelli, Corelli, and ]\Ime
in Berlin, and retired to his native city. Be- Bellini Fornasari made his debut iu the
;
sides concertos and studies for his instru- title-role.
150
BELLA
BELLA COME UN PRIMO AMORE. Subject from Voltaire's tale, " La Be-
See Ennmi. gueule." One of Mousigny's best works,
BELLA FIGLIA DELL' AMORE. See and very successful. Same subject treated
RigoMto. by Mazzinghi, Loudon, about 1797 and by ;
BELLA IMAGO DEGLI DEL See ,S'e- Sor, London, about 1820.
miramiih. BELLE H^LENE, LA, French opera-
BELLA, JOHANN LEOPOLD, born at bouffe in text by Henri de
three acts,
St. Nicolau, Ujjper Hungary, in 1843, still Meillac and Ludovic Halevy, music by
living, 1888. Church composer, self-taught Oft'enbach, first represented at the Theatre
on the violin, pianoforte, organ, and in des Varietus, Paris, Dee. 17, 1864. Sub-
singing a proficient at the age of eight. ject, the seduction of Helen by Paris.
;
A
While at the theological seminary at Neu- piece of buffoonery, full of ridiculous anach-
sohl, he composed an instrumental mass ronisms, in which the heroes and gods of
when only sixteen. In Vienna, wliere he Greece are made to masquerade in modern
finished his studies at the university, his costumes amid modern surroundings. Mu-
intercourse with Sechter and Preyer only sically, it is one of the best of Offenbach's
increased his tendency to a severely clas- bouffe operas, and it proved one of the
sical style, in which he composed, after he greatest successes ever known at the Vari-
had become a priest at Neusohl. His most etes. Original cast : Paris, Dapuis ; Me-
important works are : Hsec dies, and Adora- nelas, Kopp ; Calchas, Gi'enier ; Agamem-
mus (in Couder
the style of Palestrina), for male non, Achille, Guyon Ajax I., ; ;
quartet ; Tu motet a cappella, Hamburger; Ajax II., Andof Helene, Mme

es Petrus, ;
for 2 male quartets Modlitba sv. Cyrilla Schneider

; Oreste, Mme Silh'. ;
(Prayer of St. Cyrillus), chorus Several BELLE ISABEAU, LA, a tale during the
;
works for orchestra National choruses for storm, for a voice, with chorus, by Hector
;
male and mixed voices Pri Presporku, Berlioz, o-p. 19.

;
concert variations for pianoforte, op. etc. BELLERM.YNN, CONSTANTIN, born at

;
Mendel. Erfurt in 1696, died at Miinden, Hanover,

BELLA MIA FIAMMA, ADDIO, concert April 1, 1758. Dramatic composer, became
aria for soprano, with orchestra, by Mozart, cantor at Miinden in 1719, and rector of the
composed at Prague, Nov. 3, 1787. higli school there in 1741. He was a vir-
BELLAZZI, FRANCESCO, composer at tuoso on the lute, the viol da gamba, the
Venice in the first half of the 17th century. violin, and the flute, and, besides many
He was a pupil of Giovanni Gabrieli, and other poems, wrote the texts to nearly all
an imitator of Mouteverde. Works Salmi his vocal compositions, and was made poet-
:
di vespri a otto voci (Venice, 1618) Sacro- laureate in 1738. ; Works Oratorios Die :
rum concentum, etc. (ib., 1620) Motetti, himmlischen Heerschaaren, performed at

;
op. 4 (ib., 1622) Salmi intieri, etc., op. 5 GOttiugen, 1726 Der reiche jVIanu und der
; ;
(Milan, 1623) Sahni concertati, op. 7 arme Lazarus, 1731 Die Allmacht in der
; ;
(Venice, 1626) Missa, Magnificat e mo- Ohnmacht, oder die freudenreiche Geburt
;
tetti concertati, etc., op. 8 (Venice, 1628). Jesu Christi, Erfurt, 1734 Der in der ;
Fetis. Auferstehung triumphirende Jesus, Die sie-

BELLE AESfeNE, LA, fairy comedy in gende Selileuder des heldenmiithigen Da-
verse, in four acts, text by Favart, music vids, 1734 Das auf ein La mi sich endi-
1
;
by Monsigny, first represented at Fontaiue- gende Wohlleben des reichen Mannes, Der
bleau by the Italian comedians in ordinary verlorene Sohn, Die Sendung des heiligen
to the king, Nov. 6, 1773, and in Paris at Geistes, Erfurt, 1735 Issipile, opera (about :
the Theatre des Italiens, Aug. 14, 1775. 1744) Several cantatas 24 suites for the \ ; :
;
BELLEPwMANN
lute ; 3 concertos for tlae flute ; 3 do. for died about that time.
j
Works : Madrigali
oboe ; 10 do. for pianoforte with violiu ; 6 a cinque e .sei voci, lib. i. (1567) ; Madrigali
overtures for graud orchestra ; 6 sonatas a cinque, lib. i.; Madrigali a cinque, lib. ii.
for flute, viol da gamba, and pianoforte. (Venice, 1575). Some of his madrigals are
Fetis ; Mendel ; Schilling. in the library of the King of Portugal,
BELLERMANN, HEINRICH, born in others in a collection entitled. Corona di
Berlin,March 10, 1832, still Hving, 1888. dodici sonetti di G. B. Zuccariui (Vienna,
Vocal composer, sou and pupil of Fried- 1586). Fetis.
rich Bellermanu (1795-1874), and pupil of BELLI, GIULIO, lived at end of the
Eduard Grell became iustructor of vocal 16th aud beginning of the 17th century.
;
music at the Grey Convent iu 1853, royal He was minor canon at Longiano, maes-
director of music iu 1861, and in-ofessor at tro di cappella of the Church of Osimo,
the university iu 1866. Member of Berlin near Ancoua, afterwards of the cathedral
Academy, 1875. Works Oratorios, psalms, at Imola, and, according to the title of one of
:
motets, choruses Gesaug der Geister iiber his works, maestro di cappella at Venice. His
;
den Wassern, for chorus and orchestra works consist of masses, psalms, canticles,
Choruses in Ajax, King (Edipus, and (Edi- motets, aud madrigals, published at Milan
pus in Colonos, by Sophocles An opera and Venice from 1586 to 1613, and in the
;
(MS.)Mendel Riemann. ; Bodenschatz collection. Fetis Schilling. ;
BELLfiROPHON, opera iu five acts, text BELLINI, BERNARDO, Italian dramatic

by Thomas Corneille, Foutenelle, and Boi- composer, contemporary. He is author of
leau, music by Lulli, represented at the II sogno d' amore, opera semi-seria, text by
Theatre de FOpera, Paris, Jan. 31, 1679. Golisciana, represented at the Casino Uni-
Original title, Les triomphes de Bellero- one, Naples, Jan. 12, 1880.
phon. Subject, the hero Bellerophon who, BELLINI, F., Italian composer, contem-
mounted upon his wiuged steed Pegasus, porarj'. He author of Si paga o non si
is
overcame the monster Chimfera. It met paga?, operetta, played at the Collegio della
with extraordinary favour, was plaj'ed until Visitatione, Monaco, January, 1877.
the end of the following October, and re- BELLINI, GIUNTI, Italian composer,
produced the next year with equal success. contemporary. He is author of Raphael,
In 1773 it was reset to music by Berton and grand opera in five acts, text by Mery, rep-
Grenier, but the new version proved a fail- resented at the Athcnee, Paris, May 28,
ure. The same subject is treated iu Bel- 1873.
music bj' Sacrati,
lerofoute, Italian opera, BELLINI, VINCENZO, born at Catania,
Venice, 1642 music by Araja, St. Peters-

; I Sicily, Nov. 3, 1802,
burg, about 1713 music by Terradeglias, ;
died at Puteaux,
London, 1716 music by Giovanni Ferran-
;
France, Sept. 23,
dini, Munich, 1757 music by Mysliweczek, ;
1835. His father,
Naples, 1765 in Bellerophon, German op-
; an organist, per-
era, music by Graupner, Hamburg, 1708 ;
suaded by a Sicil-
music by von Winter, Munich, 1782 and in ;
ian nobleman, sent
Jobates und Bellerophon, music by Keiser, tlie young Vincenzo
Hamburg, 1717. to Naples to enter

BELL'HA\^R, VINCENZO, born in the conservator}',
Venice about 1530, died there about 1588 directed at that
(?). One of the organists at S. Marco, Ven- time by Zingarelli. The boy accordingly
ice, in 1586. As he was succeeded by Gu- entered a little after Donizetti had left the
ami, Oct. 30, 1588, it is presumable that he institution, and while Mercadante was still
152
BELLINI
studying there. Bellini was but poorly of expression. No man was better fitted to
taught, the Naples Couservatory being in a do this than be ; for high natural gifts, ex-
miserable condition at the time, and Zin- treme sensibility of nature, and the most ex-
Very quisite refinement of artistic perception all
garelli neglecting his pupils greatly.
likely, also, Bellini did not work very hard contributed to make him as great a melodist
at his studies, and highly probable that as ever lived.
it is His melodies quite equal
he got the better part of his musical educa- Rossini's in beauty, elegance, and finish,
tion, like many of his comjDatriots, from the while they are, as a rule, endued with a
perusal of standard scores of the great mas- fervid expressiveness, a graceful, almost fem-
ters. Throughout his career he showed inine tenderness and pathos to which the
himself to be a composer by instinct rather great master of Pesaro very rarely attained.
than a thoroughly schooled musician After Per contra, as a harmonist Bellini was little
publishing in Naples some unimportant in- more than embryonic not that his har-
;
strumental and sacred choral works, his first mony is bad, but that he habitually confined
opera, Adehon e Salvina, was brought out himself to the very simplest and most nat-
at the little theatre of the CoUegio Reale ural progressions. His almost total lack
di Musica in 1824:. who was pres-
Barbaja, of sound schooling made him impotent to
ent at the performance, immediately engaged grapple successfully with any but the
him to write an opera for the San Carlo, and simplest musical forms as a contrapuntist
;
Bianca e Fernando was accordingly given he was absolutely null, and his mastery over
there on June 30, 1826. The principal parts cyclical forms was of the very slightest.
were sung by Rubiui, Lablache (who was Yet it must be said to his praise that he
an ardent admirer of the young composer), was content to stay within the limits of his
and Mme Meric-Lalande. The oj)era was own powers, and rarely attempted harder
a great success at the time, but has since tasks than he could accomplish. In the art
been wholly forgotten. Emboldened by this of instrumentation he was a perfect child,
triumph, Barbaja engaged Bellini to write but here, as elsewhere, the modesty of his
another opera, this time for Milan, the pretensions saved him from doing really
tenor part to be especially written for Ru- bad work. He depended solely upon his me-
biui. The composer accordingly retired to lodic power and upon his consummate skill
the country, taking the great tenor with in treating the human voice ; indeed, his skill
him in order to profitby his advice, and the in this imjwrtant particular has never been
result was II Pirata, which was brought out surpassed. His intimacy with Rubini, for
with overwhelming success in Milan, 1827, whom he wrote most of his tenor parts, had
and was soon given in the principal Euro- probably much to do with the formation of
pean capitals. This work was the key-stoue his perfect vocal style. Yet this influence was
of Bellini's great and ever-growing reputa- unfortunate in one respect Bellini's tenor ;
tion. From this time to his early death he parts, written for Rubini's exceptionallj-
pi'oduced seven more operas, most of which high counter-tenor, are beyond the compass
were brilliantly successful. Bellini's genius of true tenor voices. As counter-tenor
may be called, in a certain sense, " epoch- voices have completely disappeared from
making." He perceived that the persistently the stage, many arias and duets have now
florid style of Rossini, which Pacini, Carafa, to be largely transposed, with vmspeakable
Mercadante, and the young Donizetti imitat- detriment to their effect. These transposi-
ed blindly, would not long monopolize pub- tions are most ruinous just in Bellini's
lic favour ;he struck out in the direction of greatest masterpiece. La Sonnambula, in
bringing Italian melody back to its pre- which the high register and peculiar quality
Rossinian simplicity and dramatic warmth of the counter-tenor voice is absolutely
153
; :
BELLMAN
necessary to give the part of Elvino, most 1830 (Romeo et Juliette, Paris, 1859)
1
La ;
tender of all complaining lovers, its tvne 'Sonnaiiibida, Milan, 1831 i\w))ia, ib., 1832 ; ;
character. The melody, "Ah, perche non ,

Beatrice di Teuda, Venice, 1833 ; I Furilani
posso odiarti ?, " when sung in B-flat, as it di Scozia, Paris, 1835. Filippo Cicconetti,
now does not give an approximate idea Vita di Vincenzo BeUiui (Prato, Alberghetti,
is, ;
of the effect it j)roduces when sung in the 1859) Arthur Pougin, Belluii, sa vie, ses ceu-
j
;
original key of D. Bellini, like many other vres (Paris, Hachette, 1868) Dwight's Jour-
i
composers, may be said to have had two nal, vii. 58 Fetis, Supplement, i. 06.,
;
manners. With Norma (1832) he began to BELLMAN, comic ojjera, music by Franz
!
adopt a broader and grander, albeit not von Suppe, rejjresented at the Theater an
more elaborate, melodic style. lu 1833 he der Wien, Vienna, Feb. 26, 1887.
,
went to Paris, where, under Rossini's guid- BELLMAN, CARL MICHAEL, born at
1
ance, he began to study the taste of the Stockholm, Feb. 4, 1710, died there, Feb. 11,
French public. After a short trip to Lon- 1795. The great Swedish poet deserves a place
don, whither he went to superintend the also in the history of Swedish music, having
;
production of one of his ojseras, he returned set to music his ingenious descriptions of
to Paris and brought out I Puritani, a work popular life, embodied in the partly idyllic,
!
in which he forced himself to take unusual partly burlesque, cycles The Epistles of :
pains with the instrumentation, not, how- Fredman, The Songs of Fredman, and The
ever, with invariable success. After I Pu- Acts of the Bacchanalian Chapter. Mendel,
ritani, he was engaged to write two more Ergiinz., 31.
operas, one for La Scala at Milan, the other BELLOLI, LUIGI, born at Castelfranco,
for the Opera in Paris but he died of dys- Bologna, Feb. 2, 1770, died at Milan, Nov.
;
entery before he had more than begun 17, 1817. Virtuoso on the horn, and dra-
either of them. He was buried in Pure matic composer, entered the court orchestra
la Chaise but the Italian Government af- at Parma in 1790, and became professor at
;
terwards begged for his remains, and a the Couservatorio, Milan, in 1812. Works
deputation from Catania went to Paris, II trionfo di Vitellio Massimo, La distru-
where the ceremonj" of exhumation took zione di Pompejano, ballets, Milan, Scala,
place on Sejst. 15, 1876, and escorted the 1803 La morte di Tipoo- Sahib, Eleazar ;
body to his native town, where it was re- despoto della Servia, ib., 1801 Sofouisba, ;
buried with great pomp on Sept. 23d, the Andromacca, ib., 1806 Le avventure di ;
forty-first anniversary of the comjaoser's Aroldo il prode Concertos for horn ; :
death. Works Several small compositions Method for do.Fetis.

:
for various instruments, such as flute, clari- BELMONTE UND CONSTANZE (Bel-
net, pianoforte, etc., Naples, before 1821 mont and Constance), German comic opera
Fifteen sinfonie for orchestra, ib.; Is- in four acts, text by Bretzner, music by
meue, a cantata, ib. Three Vespers, two Johann Andre, first represented at the Ber-
;
Dixit Dominus, and three Masses, be- liu Theatre, May 26, 1781. This work, pro-
sides other sacred pieces, ib.; Adelson e duced with the alternative title Die Eutf iih-
Salviua, Najjles, 1821 Bianca e Fernando, rung aus dem Serail (The Abduction from
;
ib., 1826; II Pirata, Milan, 1827; La the Harem), was often repeated with suc-
cess until it was supplanted by Mozart's
work entitled, Entfiihrung, etc. The
^^; - same music by Dietter, was rep-
subject,
resented at Stuttgart about 1786.
Siraniera, ib., 1829 ; Zaira, Parma, May 16, BELSAZAR (Belshazzar), oratorio, by
1829 ; I Vapuletti ed i Montecchi, Venice, Carl Reinecke.
154
;
BELSHAZZAR
BELSHAZZAR, oratorio, text by Charles BENDA, FRIEDRICH LUDWIG, born
Jenuens, but Haudel, at Gothaiu 1740, died at Konigsberg, March
much changed by
music by Haudel, first performed at the 27, 1793. Dramatic composer, sou of Georg
King's Theatre, London, March 27, 1745. Benda, whom he took for his model. In
It was announced as Belteshazzar, the name 1780 he became musical director of the
given in Babylon to Daniel (Dan., ii. 2G), theatre at Hamburg, where he married the
but the name was changed on the day of the singer Felicitas Agnesia Rietz, with whom
performance. The dates on the autograph he visited Berlin and Vienna iu 1783 he ;
MS., preserved in Buckingham Palace, are, entered the service of the Duke of Mecklen-
at the beginning, Aug. 23, 1744: at end of burg at Ludwigslust, but conjugal trouble
;
the first part, Sept. 3, 1744 and at end of leading to a separation, he was induced to
;
the second part, Sept. 10, 1744. The work go as a concert director to Konigsberg in
was revived by the London Sacred Harmonic 1789. Works Three concertos for the :
Society, Mai'cli 19, 1847. Handel was very violin (Leipsic, 1779) Der Barbier von
;
fond of this oratorio, which is undoubtedly Sevilla, opera, given in Hamburg, 1782 ;
one of his best. Characters represented Das Vateruuser, cantata (1783) Trauerkan-
: ;
Belshazzar, Nitocris, Cyrus, Daniel, Gobrias, tate auf den Tod des Herzogs von Mecklen-
Ai-ioch, Chorus of Babj'lonians, Chorus of burg (Funeral Cantata on the Death of the
Jews, Chorus of Medes and Persians. Pub- Duke of M., 1785) Das Narrenballet, 1787 ; ;
lished first by Walsh full score by Hiin- Der Tod, cantata (1788)
;
Die Religion, do. ;
del-Gesellschaft (Leipsic, 1864). Schosl-(1790) Die Verlobung, operetta, given at

;
cher, Handel, 288 ; Rockstro, Handel, Konigsberg, 1790 Louise, do., ib., 1791;
279. Mariechen, do., ih., 1792. Fetis Gerber, ;
BENDA, FRANZ, born at Alt-Benatek, N. Lex.; Mendel.

Bohemia, Nov. 25, 1709, died at Potsdam, BENDA, FRIEDRICH (WILHELM
March 7, 178G. Violinist, first instructed HEINRICH) born at Potsdam, July 15, 1745,
by a blind Jew, named Label, then at died there, June 19, 1814. Dramatic com-
Prague by Kisnicek, afterwards (1732), at poser, son of Franz Benda, whose pupil he
Ruppiu, pupil of Johaun Gottlieb Grauu on was on the violin, although he excelled more
the violin, and of Karl Heiiirich Graun and as a pianist and iu composition, which he stu-
Quanz in composition. He had, at that died under Kirnberger. In 1789 he received
time, joined the orchestra of the crown a gold medal from the Empress of Russia, for
prince, afterwards Frederick the Great, whom he had composed the opera Orpheus,
whom, according to his own statement, he and in 179G a flattering letter with a pre-
had accompanied about 50,000 concertos
in cious snufi'-box from the Czar Paul I. Works :
during his forty years' service. He formed Pygmalion, cantata, 1783 Die Grazien, do., ;
a number of distinguished pupils, among about 1788; Alceste, opera, 178G Die ;
whom were his youngest brother, Josef, and Jiinger am Grabe des Auferstandenen, ora-
his two sons Friedriohand Karl. His com- torio, performed in Berlin, 1792 Das Lob ;
positions consist of symphonies, many con- des HOchsten, do., Potsdam, 1806 Das ;
certos, solos, etudes, of which only twelve Blumenmadchen, operetta G trios for violin ;
solos for violin (Paris), * ^,

^ and violoncello, op. 1 2 concertos for vio- ;
solo for flute (Berlin), and /MfA\nlî^ lin and orchestra, op. 2 3 trios for harpsi- ;
three books of violin stud- chord, violin, and violoncello, op. 3 3 con- ;
ies. (Leipsic, Kiihnel), are printed.

AUgem. certos for the flute, op. 4 Trios for harpsi- ;
d. Biogr., ii. 315 Ft'tis

; Gerber, Hist. Lex.; chord, op. 5 Sonata for four hands, op. 6
: ; ;
Hiller, Lebensbeschi-eibungen (Leipsic, 7 sonatas for harpsichord or harp, witli flute

1784) ;Schilling. or violin and violoncello (Berlin, 1788-93) ;
155
BENDA
Solo for flute and violoncello (1792) ; 6 con- low him to stay long in any one place he ;
certos for violin ; 6 solos for flute. Fetis ;

soon moved to Ohrdrufl" and thence, in 1788,
Gerber, N. Lex.; Schilling. to Rouuenburg, where he wrote his Benda's
BENDA, GEUEG, born at Jungbuuzlau, Klageu. His last place of abode was KOs-
Bohemia, iu 1722, tritz. Throughout life he was noted for his
died at KOstritz, absence of mind, and his fondne.ss for the
Nov. 6, 1795. He 2)leasures of the table. As a composer he
was the third sou of was noted for the grace and expressiveness
Haus Georg Benda, of his melodies although he had made no
;
u u d e r whom he serious studies, his harmony is generally

studied the oboe pure and correct he was, however, not
;
and afterwards the gifted with much originality, and his works
violin and piano- are now forgotten. The important palace he
acquiring a holds in the history of the German ojiera is
forte,
high degree of pro- mainly owing to his melodramas Ariadne
licieucy. lu 1740 he went to BerUn, where auf Naxos and Medea. The alternation of
he completed his musical education, by set musical forms and spoken dialogue in
hearing the works of Graun and Hasse, Hiller's Singspiele and Reichardt's Lieder-
but he never made any regular study sjiiele, which afterwards became the standard
either of harmony or counterjioint. In characteristic of German opera (as it is of
1718 he became Kapellmeister to the the French opera comique), seemed to Ben-
Duke Frederick III. of Saxe-Gotha, and in da to be inartistic and dramatically false.
1761 he made a journey to Italy at the The musical recitative of the Italian and
Duke's expense, and in company with Eust. French grand opera struck him also as being
At Venice Galuppi's La donna di governo incomjâtible with a national German form
(although all Rust's persuasion could not of musico-dramatic art. He accordingly
make him sit out the first performance) fi- conceived the idea of confining the whole
nally attracted him so strongly by its facile musical part of the opera to the orchestra,
melody that Benda made a serious change while the dialogue was all spoken ; thus he
in his own style from that time his com-
; may be said to have originated the pure
positions showed decided marks of Italian melodrama, a form of art which was short-
influence. In 1766 he returned to Gotha, lived, to be sure, but which attracted much
where he wrote his operas Giro ricono- attention in his day. Published works Sei :
sciuto and II buon marito. These were fol- sonate per il cembalo, Berlin, 1757 Amyn- ;
lowed by several other works, notably tas' Klagen iiber die Flucht der Lalage, can-
Ariadne auf Naxos and Medea. In 1778 tata, ib., 1744 ; T>ev Dorfjahrmarlt, operetta,
Benda ran away from Gotha and assumed Leijisic, 1776, pianoforte score Walder, op- ;
the direction of Schroeder's Theatre era, Gotha, 1777 Ariadne auf Naxos, duo-
;
in Hamburg, a post which he soon relin- drama, Leipsic, 1778, and (more complete
quished to go to Vienna, whence he at ed.) ib., 1781 Bledea, melodrama, ib., 1778
; ;
length returned to Gotha and resumed his Der Hohbauer, operetta, ib., 1778 Pygma- ;
old position iinder Frederick HI. and his suc- lion, monodrama, ib., 1780 Romeo und ;
cessor Augustus. In 1781 he went to Paris Julie, ib., 1778, pianoforte score Two con- ;
to superintend the production of a French certos for the clavichord, ib., 1779 Three ;
version of his Ariadne,but I'eturned to series of pianoforte music, Leij^sic and

Georgenthal, a village about nine miles from Gotha, 1780 and 1781 Collection of Italian ;
Gotha, disappointed at the failure of the work. airs, Leipsic, 1782, jDianoforte score Airs ;
But his nervous temperament would not al- and duets, ib., 1789 Cephalus und Aurora, ;
BENDALL
cantata, ib. ; Benda's Klagen, cantata. the fantasias on Bohemian folk-songs, o]}.
Among bis uiipublisbed MSS. are a great 8, 45, 47, and on motives from Faust, and
deal of church music, occasional pieces, L'Africaine. Mendel.
BENDER, JACOB, born at Bechtheim,
near Worms, in 1798, died at Antwerp, Aug.
9, 1844. Instrumental composer, pupil at
the age of five of the organist M'lser on the
pianoforte, then of his father on the violin,
and at Worms of Alfuldisch on several in-
struments, among which he cultivated es-
symphonies, concertos, sonatas, and pecially the clarinet. In 1819 he became

etc.,
the melodrama Almauzor. Leipzig. AUg. bandmaster of a regiment in the Nether-

Mus. Zeitung, xvi. 8G0 ; iii. 329 Grove, i. lands, and in 1829 director of music at St.
;
221. Nicolas, Belgium, where he founded a phil-

BENDALL, WILFRED ELLINGTON, harmonic society, and whence he went to
born in London, April Antwerp in 1833 as director of the Har-
22, 1850, still living, monie. He has composed many concertos
1888. Pupil in har- and other jiieces for different instruments,
mony and comjjosition besides fantasias and pot-jjourris for mili-
of CharlesLucas and tary band. His brother and pupil Valen-
Edward Silas in Lon- tin(1800-73) was a distinguished virtuoso
don then studied at
;
on the clarinet, became musical director at
the Leipsic Conser- Brussels, and composed clarinet and mili-
vatory in 1872-74 tary music. Fctis Mendel.

;
Work s Operettas : BENDING TO THE THRONE OF

Lovers' Knots, St. GLORY, sopi'ano air in B minor for Susan-
George's Hall, 1880 ;
Quid pro Quo, na, in Handel's Stisaniia, Part I.
1880 ; Oisera comique, 1881. Cantatas : BENDIX, JULIUS, born Stockholm in

iu
Parizadeh, St. James's Hall, 1884 ; The 1818, still living there, 1888. Pianist and
Lady of Shalott, for pupil of Friedrich
female voices ; The dramatic composer,
Kosiere, for do. ;
Sclmeider at Dessau. His opera, The Fay
Part songs and trios ;
Songs and duets etc.

; on the Rhine, was successfully given at
Pianoforte music,
BEN DEL, FRANZ, born at Schonlinde, Stockholm. Mendel.
Bohemia, March 23, BENEATH THE CYPRESS' GLOOMY
1833, died in Berlin, SHADE, soprano air in D minor, alia sicilia-
July 3, 1874. Pian- no (sic), of Susanna's attendant, in Handel's
ist, j)upil of Josef Suaanna, Part H.
Proksch in Prague, BENDL, KARL, born in Prague, x\.i)ril
and of Liszt at Wei- Dramatic com-

IG, 1838, still living, 1888.
inai\ He won rejiu- poser, pupil of Franz Blaêk and Karl
tation as one of the Pitsch at the Organists' School in Prague,
most brilliant of mod- where he took the first prize. In 1864 he
ern virtuosi on con- went as second chef d'orchestre to the Opera
cert toui-s through at Brussels, and, after its failure, as chorus-
Germany. Order of Danebrog, 1863. Be- master to the German Opera at Amsterdam,
sides a mass, he composed etudes, idyls, returned to Prague in 1865, and became di-
fantasias, etc., for pianoforte, numbering rector of the male singing society Hlahol.
118 works, of which the most popular are Works : Lejla, Bohemian ojjera, given at
BENEDICT
the National Theatre, Prague, 18G8 ; Bret- foreign orders. Works Operas : Giacinta
islav, do., ib.,1869 Cernahorci, three acts,
; ed Ernesto, given 1829 I Porto- at Naples, ;
ib., 1881 Karel Skreta, comic opera, three

;
ghesi in Goa, Stuttgart, 1830 Un anno ed ;
acts, ib., 1883 Two masses for male voices

; ;
un giorno, opera bufta, London, Lyceum,
Mass for mixed chorus and orchestra Over- ; 1836 The Gypsi/'s Warning, ib., Drury
;
ture ; About two hundred Czech songs and Lane, 1837 The Bride>i of Venice, ib.,
;
choiTises. Mendel. 1844 The Crusaders, ib., 1846 The Lake

; ;
BENEDICT, Sir JULIUS, born at Stutt- of Gleuaston, ib., Covent Garden, 1862 ;
gart, Nov. 27, 1804, The Lily of Killaruey, ib., 1862 (under the
died in London, title The Rose of Erin also on the Conti-
June 5, 1885.Dra- nent) The Bride of Song, ib., 1864.

; Can-
matic composer, tatas :Undine, Norwich, 1860 Richard ;
and pianist, 23uj)il Ca3ur-de-Liou, ib., 1863 Cantata for the ;
of Louis Abeille on return of the Prince of Wâles from India,

the jjianoforte, Portsmouth, 1876. Oratorios Saint Ce- :
then at Weimar cilia, Norwich, 1866 Saint Peter, Birming- ;
(1819) of Hummel, ham, 1870 Two symphonies. Crystal Pal-

;
and
Dresden at ace, 1873-74 Two concertos for pianoforte, ;
(1820 of Weber,) op. 13 and 29 Concertino for do., op. 18 ; ;
with whom he soon formed an intimate Rondo, with

friendship, and visited Berlin, Vienna, and
other cities, to attend the first representa- ^Mlul Hy>ê^ sTsonatTs
tions of Weber's operas. On this master's for piano-
recommendation he was appointed Kajjell- forte solo, and with violin ; Fantaisies, ca-
meister at the Iviirnthnerthor Theater in prices, variations, etc. Fetis ; do., Supjjle-
Vienna, 1823, but two years later he started ment, i. 08 ; Grove ; Mendel ; Riemann.
with the impresario Barbaja on a journey BENEDICT, MILO ELLSWORTH, born,
through Germany and Italy, and at Naples of American parentage, in Cornwall, Ver-
became maestro di cappella of the Teatro mont, June 9, 1866, still living, 1888. Pi-
San Carlo. In 1830 he visited Paris, and, anist ; studied in Boston the pianoforte
after returning to Naples, went again in under Carlyle Petersilea, and theory and
1835, and in the same year to London, where composition under John K. Paine. In 1883
he soon became the fashionable professor of -84 he was in Europe, spent three months
the pianoforte, and gave annual concerts, in with Liszt at Weimar, visited Berlin, Leip-
which the most renowned artists apipeared. sic, and Paris, among other musical centres,
Conductor of the ojiera buffa at the Lyceum and was favourably received bj' Rubinstein,
in 183G, he went in the same capacity to Scharwenka, L. Emil Bach, and otlier mas-
Drury Lane Theatre in 1837, accompanied ters. Since his return to America he has
Jenny Lind on her tour through America in lived in Boston as a teacher of the pia-
1850-51, and soon after his return became noforte. Works : 6 Cornwall dances, op.
orchestra leader of Mapleson's operatic en- 1, 1885 ; Polonaises, op. 2 and op. 3 Piano- ;
terprise, first at Her Majesty's, then at Drury forte concerto, t'tudes, toccata, scherzo,
Lane Theatre. In 1859 he was called to Co- mazurka, etc., in MS.
vent Garden, also took charge of the Monday BENEDICTUS. See Ihicis.
jjopular concerts, conducted several music BENEDICTUS (Benedict, Benoit) OF
festivals at Norwich, and 1876-80 the APPENZELL, born at Appenzell, Switzer-
in
Philliarmonic Society at Liverpool. He was land, lived about the middle of the 16th
knighted in 1871, and decorated with many century. He must not be confounded with
1S8
;
BENELLI
Benedictus or Benoit Ducis of Belgium, cert tour through Italy having returned;
although some authorities, viz., Gesuer, to Vienna in 1822, he was called to Lai-
Gerber, Walther, Kiesewetter, aud Schilling bach, Carniola, in 1823 as Conzertmeister,
have tried to jJrove their identity. He was orchestra leader, and jirofessor of violin of
master of the children's choir at Brussels the Philharmonic Society once more in ;
from 1539 to 1555. The only works which Vienna, 1828, he became a member of the
are handed down also record his name and imperial orchestra in 1832. Among his
birthplace Liber primus ecclesiasticarum
: compositions ai'e to be noticed 2 polo- :
eautionum quatuor voc. quas vulgo moteta naises for violin, with accompaniment of
vocant, tarn ex veteri, quam novo Testamen- two violins, viola, aud bass, op. 6 and 7 ;
to ab optimis quibusque hujus letatia musi- Grandes variations on an original theme,

cis compositarum, AutwerpiiB, 1553. Other with quartet ; Variations, concertinos, etc. ;
name Benedictus with- German songs. Fetis Mendel.

collections bear the ;
out any designation they number 12, ex-

; BENEVOLI, ORAZIO, born in Rome m
tending from 1400 to 1569. Fetis ; Ger- 1602, died there, June 17, 1G72. The
ber Larousse Mendel Schilling.
; ; ; natural son of Duke Albert of Lorraine,
BENELLI, ANTONIO PEREGEINO,
he studied under Vincenzo Ugolini, but
born at Forli, Romagua, Hept 5, 1771, died not under Beruardio Nanini (Fctis, Biog.
at BOruichau, Saxony, Aug. 16, 1830. Com- Univ., ii. 135, note). His first official posi-
poser and dramatic singer, pupil of Fathers tion was that of maestro di cappella at
Martini (?) and Blattei obtained au en- S. Luigi de' Francesi, Rome, which he re-
;
gagement as first tenor at the Teatro San linquished in 1643 to enter the service in
Carlo, Najjles, 1790, then in London, 1798, Vienna of the Archduke of Austria. On his
aud at Dresden in 1801, where he sans uu- return to Rome he resumed his old post,
til 1822, when he lost his voice and was but accepted a similar one at Sta. Maria
pensioned, and soon after was appointed, Maggiore on Feb. 23, 1646. On Nov. 7 of
through Spontini's influence, vocal instruc- the same year he succeeded Virgilio Mau-
tor at the Opera in Berlin. Some malignant zocchi as maestro di cappella of the Vatican
criticisms of his patron's ojjeras, which he Chajjel, and retained the position until his
published in Leipsic, led to his dismissal death. He was a man of the highest per-
in 1829, when he retired to Dresden, aud sonal character, but died, as he had lived,
soon after to Bijrnichau. Works Sonata in great poverty he was buried in S. Spi-
:
;
for pianoforte for four hands; Rondo for rito di Sarsia, near the Vatican. Benevoli
pianoforte Pater noster for five voices may be regarded as the most important
;
Salve Regiua for four voices and orchestra figure of the Roman school towards the de-
;
Stabat mater for do.; II giorno natalizio, cline of its " great " period, at a time when
cantata for five voices aud iîauoforte ; 1 writing a cappella for a large number of real
nocturnes for four voices Arias, cavatinas, voices was in vogue, a style which, fifty years
;
etc.; Vocal method (Dresden, 1819). Fetis before, was more characteristic of the Ve-
;
Mendel. netian than of the Roman school. Indeed,

BENESCH (Benes), JOSEF, born at writing for sixteen real voices may be called
Batelov, Moravia, Jan. 11, 1793, died (?). Beuevoli's familiar, every-day manner. Yet
Violinist, first instructed by his father, a easily clear and finely wrought as his works
tailor and able amateur violinist, then in in this form are, his chief fame is that of
the Premonstratensian monastery at Iglau, being the perfecter of the jjolychoric style
and finally pupil of Schlesinger in Vienna ;
of a cappella comjJosition. He excelled
played in the theatre orchestras at Baden in writing for four and six independent
and Presburg, and in 1819 started on a con- choruses [i.e., sixteen and twenty-four real
159
; ;
BENINCORI
parts), and was one of the first to attempt efforts to bring out some of his operas, and
(in a mass jjerformed on Aug. 4, 1650, in only moderately successful as a teacher, in
Sta. Maria sojira Minerva) the feat of writ- spite of the variety of his musical accom-
ing for twelve choruses (forty-eight real plishments, he seemed about to score a tri-
voices). Benevoli did not always contine umj)h when commissioned to comjjose three
himself to a cappella writing he was one acts of the opera Aladin, left unfinished by
;
of the chief pioneers in the style of choral Isouard in 1818, but he died six weeks be-
composition with obligato instrumental ac- fore the rej)resentation of the work, which
companiments. His most noteworthy work obtained a brilliant success. Works Ga- :
in this more modern stylo is his mass, writ- latee ou le nouveau Pygmalion, opera, 1804 ;
ten for the consecration of the Salzburg Hesione, do. (1807) Les jjarents d'un joui-, ;
Cathedi-al (Sept. 2-4, 1G28), the score Feydeau,

of operette, given in Paris, Thcati'e
which (written on 54 1815 La promesse de mariage ou le re-
staves) is preserved in ;
the Mozarteum in that city separate parts tour au hameau, do., Opera Comique, 1818
; ;
are in the Corsiniana at Rome. Benevoli is Les epoux indiscrets, do., Paris, 1819 ;
to be admired not only as a phenomenal Quartets for string instruments Masses ;
contrapuntist, but as a composer of real Litanies ; Hymns ; etc. Fetis.

genius and great elevation of style. Most BENIOWSEI or, Les Exiles du Kam- ;
of his works are MS. in the archives tschatka (The Exiles of Kamchatka), opera in
still in
of the Vatican Basilica and the Corsiniana three acts, text by Alexandre Duval, music
(manj' of the latter in a very fragmentary by Boieldieu, first represented at the The-
condition). The mass, In diluvio multarum atre Favart, Paris, June 8, 1800. Subject
aquarum (4 choruses and organ), is i)ub- from "Les Memoires de Beniowski," a
lished (Leipsic, Breitkopf, 1769). The sec- Hungarian chevalier, who, a general in the
ond Kyrie from the same is in P. Martini's Polish service, falls into the hands of the
Treatise on Fugued Counterpoint, p. 122 Russians and is exiled to Kamchatka.
Sanctus and Dona nobis for 4 choruses This, though not one of the composer's
(orchestral jjarts added by a later hand), best works, met with a good reception and
(Breitkopf, 1769) Mass, Si Deus jiro nobis, was much parodied. It was successfully
;
for 4 choruses, in the library of the cole revived at the Opera Comique, July 20,
Nationale de Musique, Paris (the Kyrie 1824. Pougin, Boieldieu, 60.
in Fetis's counterpoint, Paris, Troupenas, BEN NET, JOHN, English composer of
1828.) Fragments of other works are in P. the latter part of the 16th and early part of
Paolueci's Arte pratiea di contrapunto, vol. the 17th centuries. He was possibly an

iii. Ambros, iv. 104. organist, as he left some anthems and organ
BENINCORI, ANGELO MARIA, born at pieces in MS. "Works Madrigals to four :
Brescia, Italy, March 28, 1779, died at Belle- voyces (1599) All creatures now are merry
;
ville, near Paris, Dec. 30, 1821. Dramatic minded (Morley's Collection, The Tri-
composer, pupil of Ghiretti, Rolla, and Cima- umphes of Oriana, 1601) 5 compositions ;
rosa. He finished his musical education at in parts (Thomas Ravenscroft's, Briefe Dis-
the age of seventeen, and went to Spain in course, etc., 1614). Hawkins, Hist, of Mu-
1797 with his brother, also a musician, who sic, iii., 394; Grove; Fetis.
died there, and left him without resources. BENNET, SAUNDERS, born in England
On his return he brought out his op-
to Italy in last quarter of the ISth century, died in
and soon after in Vienna,
era, Nitteti, there, 1809. Organist of church at "Woodstock.
where he became a follower of Haydn. In He composed anthems, songs, and glees,
1803 he settled in Paris, where his quartets and sonatas, rondos, and variations for or-
had been published. Failing in repeated gan and pianoforte.
160
.
BENNETT
BENNETT, ALFRED, born iu Chiches- by himself at the prize concert at the Acad-
ter,England, 1805, died in Oxford, 1830. emy in 1833. Mendelssohn was jwesent and
Organist, son and pupil of Thomas Bennett. greatly encouraged the young composer. In
He became organist of New College, Ox- 1836 the firm of Broadwood offered to pay
ford, and of the TJuiversitj- in 1825, and re- his expenses for a year's study iu Leipsic ;
ceived the degree of Mus. Bac. Works: here he came under the influence of Men-
Church Services and Anthems ; Chants delssohn and Schumann, both of whom
(with William Marshall, 1829) ; Songs. held his talent in high esteem. He came
BENNETT, THOMAS, born in England back but to London after the specified year,
in 1779, died at Chichester, March
returned to Leipsic for another year's study
21, 1848.
He was a chorister of Salisbury Cathedral, in 1840. In 1843 he began to give success-
where he studied under Joseph Corfe be- ful chamber concerts in London, and in
;
came organist of St. John's Chapel, Chi- 1844 married Mary Anne Wood, daughter of
chester, and in 1803 of Chichester Cathedral. a captain in the Navy. In 1849 he founded
Works Introduction to Art of Singing the London Bach Society, one of the re-
:
(London, no date) Sacred Melodies (do.)

; sults of which was the first performance in
;
Cathedral Selections, anthems, chants, etc. England of the Matthew-Passion, April 6,

(do.). 1854. In 1853 he was offered the conduc-
BENNETT, WILLIAM, born near Teign- torship of the Leipsic Gewandhaus eon-
mouth, England, in 1707, died in 18 certs, and in 1856 he was elected to the
Organist, pupil at Exeter of Hugh Bond chair of musical jjrofessor at the University
and William Jackson, and iu London of of Cambridge, and shortly afterwards re-
Johann Christian Bach and of Schroeter. In ceived the degree of Mus. Doc. In 1856 he
1793 he became organist of St. Andrew's was also made iêrmanent conductor of the
Church, Plymouth. Songs and Glees (Lou- Philharmonic Society, a jjost which he re-
don, 1799) Anthems, and pianoforte and
;
'
signed ten years later to become princijial

organ music. of the Royal Academy of Music. Li 1867
BENNETT, Sir WILLIAM STERN he received the Cambridge degree of M.A.,
DALE, born iu Shef- and a salary of 100 was joined to his pro-
field, England, Ajiril fessorship. In 1870 the University of Ox-
13, 1816, died in Lon- ford conferred upon him the honorary de-
don, Feb. 1, 1875. gree of D.C.L. He was knighted in 1871,
His father, an organist, and a scholarship was founded at the Royal
died when he was Academy of Music out of the subscriptions
three years old, and to a public testimonial to him in St. James's
his education was Hall in 1872. He died after a short illness,
cared for by his grand- and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
father. At the age of Bennett has been called the first English
eight (1824) he en- composer of individual genius since Pur-
tered the choir of King's College Chapel at cell he certainly was the first English com-
;
Cambridge, where his grandfather lived, and poser who got any real recognition in Ger-
in 1820 was sent to London to study at the many. He has generally been considered
Royal Academy of Music. Here he studied as a follower and imitator of Mendelssohn,
composition under Lucas and Dr. Crotch, although the best English critics deny this.
and pianoforte, first under W. H. Holmes, Yet he may truly be said to have held more
then under Cipriani Potter. His first com- by Mendelssohn than by Schumann. His
position of note was his D minor pianoforte compositions are noteworthy for an easj'
concerto, op. 1, written in 1832 and played grace, refinement, and elaborate perfection
161
BENOIST
of style. His best-known works tire tlie March, 1875, No. 16
nale, London Mus. ;
concerto in minor, op. 19 Fthe piano- Times, March 1, ; 1875 Dwight's Journal,
;
forte sextet, op. 8 the overture, The Nai- xxxiv. 393, 409
; London Mus. Standard,
;
ads ; the sonata, The Maid of Orleans ; and new series, viii. 88, 104 ix. 134 Grove, i.
; ;
the oratorio, The Woman of Samaria. His 224 Fetis do., Supplement, i. 69
; ; Schu- ;
influence upon music iu England, nota- mann, Music and Musicians, i. 140 ; Hiller,
bly upon the introduction and study of Musikalisches und Personliches, 156.
Bach's works, was very strong and whole- BENOIST, FKAN^'OIS, born at Nantes,
some. Works The Woman of Samaria, ora-: France, Sept. 10, 1794, died in Paris, May,
torio, for solo voices, chorus, and orchestra, 1878. Dramatic composer and organist,
op. 44, Birmingham Festival, 1867 The May ; pupil in 1811 at the Paris Conservatoire, of
Queen, a pastoral cantata (Chorley), for do., Catel in harmony, and of Adam on the pi-
023. 39, Leeds Musical Festival, 1858 Jlusic ; anoforte, obtained in the same year the first
to Ajax (Sophocles), op. 45 Ode (Tenny- ;
prize in harmony, and in 1814 in pianoforte
son), for the opening of the International playing. After his cantata Enone had been
Exhibition, 18G'2, oj). 40 Cambridge Instal- ; crowned by the Institute of France in 1815,
lation Ode (Kingsley), 1862, op. 41 ; Sym- he spent three years in Rome and Naples,
phony in G minor, op. 43 ; 4 Overtures, and on his return early in 1819 was made
Parisina, op. 3 (1834-35), The Naiads, op. organist of the royal chapel, and soon after
15 (1836), The Wood Nymph, op. 20 (1840), professor of the organ at the Conservatoire,
I'aradisc and the Peri, op. 42 (1862) 4 con- ; whence he retired in 1872. He was also
certos for pianoforte and orchestra, in D after 1840 chef du chant at the Opera.
minor, in E-flat, op. 4, in C minor,
oi3. 1, L. of Honour, 1851. Works Felix et Le-
:
op. 9, in F
minor, op. 19 CajJrice, in E, ; onore, opera, given in Paris, Theatre Fey-
for do., op. 22 Sextet for pianoforte and ; deau, 1821 La Gipsy, ballet (with Marliani
;
strings, op. 8 ; Sonata Trio for do., op. 26 ; and Ambroise Thomas), Opera, 1839 Le ;
for violoncello and pianoforte, op. 32 for ; Diable amoureux, do. (with Reber), ib.,
pianoforte solo ; 2 sonatas, op. 13, and the 1840 L'Apparition, opera, ib., 1848 Nisi-
; ;
Maid 46 Caj^riccio, op. 2

of Orleans, ojj. ; ;
da ou les Amazones des Ayores, ballet, ib.,
3 Musical Sketches Lake, Millstream, and 1848 Paquerette, do., ib., 1851 Requiem
; ;
Fountain, op. 10 6 studies iu Caisriccio ; mass for three men's voices and a child's
form, op. 11 ; 3 Impromptus, op. 12 ; 3 voice, with organ ad libitum (Paris, Veuve
Romances, op. 14 ; Fantasia, op. 16 ; 3 Di- Canaux) Compositions for the organ under
;
versions (4 hands), op. 17 Allegro grazioso, ; the title, Bibliotheque de I'organiste (ib.).
op. 18 Suite de Pieces, op. 24 Scherzo,
; ; Fetis do.. Supplement, i. 69
; Riemann. ;
op. 27 Introductione e Pastorale, etc., op.

; BENOlT, PETER (Ll^:ONARD LEO-
28 ; Two Studies L' Amabile e 1' Appas- POLD), born at Haerlebeke, West Flanders,
sionata, op. 29 e Variazioni, op. 31; Tema
Aug. 17, 1834, still living, 1888. Dramatic ;
Preludes and Lessons, 60 pieces, oj). 33 composer, jjupil of Fetis at the Brussels ;

Kondeau Pas triste, pas gai, oj5. 34 Flow- Conservatoire, where he won the second ;
ers of the Mouth, op. 36 ; Rondeau a la prize in 1853 and the first in 1854. Two
PolouaLse, op. 37 ; Toccata, op. 38
he wrote the music of several ; Sona,- years later
tina in C Flemish melodramas for the Theatre du ;
i nuetto Pare, of which he was made chef d'orches- M

e X p r e s - tre in December, 1856. Having obtained
sivo Prse- the grand prize in 1857 for his cantata Le ;
;
ludium Eoniance Genevieve Songs, An- Meurtre d'Abel, performed at the Conserva- ;
thems, and Four-iârt Songs. Leipsic Sig- toire, he studied several months at Leipsic,
162
BENONI
and then visited Dresden, Prague, Munich, without accompaniment, a collection of 20
and Berlin. After his return to Belgium motet.s, with oi-gan (Brussels). He has also
he brought out a solemn mass at Brussels written articles for the Messager des Arts,
and at Ghent, and in 18G1 went to Paris, Le Guide Musical, and L'Art Universel.
where his French opera, Lo Roi des Aulnes, Fetis ; do., Supplement, i. 70 ; Riemauu ;
was accepted at the Theatre Lyrique while ; Viotta.

waiting for its performance (which never BENONI, JULIUS, born at Stfelohostic,
took place), he conducted (18G2) the or- Bohemia, in 1833, still living, 1888. Dra-
chestra at the Bouflfes Parisiens, returned matic composer, and pianist, first instructed
in thesame year to Brussels, and in 1867 at Silberberg, Bohemia, whence he was
became director of the Conservatory (Flem- taken to Vienna by the Countess von Taafife,
isliSchool of Music) at Antwerp. In this and educated with her children showed ;
f)ositiouhe has since been most active as early a remarkable talent for improvisation,
the chief promoter of a national tendency which won him the favour of Prince Metter-
in music, making the Flemish language nich. He played in a concert at court in
and Flemish traditions the basis for all his 1843, then studied composition under Doni-
compositions. Officer of Order of Leojjold. zetti and Simon Seehter.
In 1855 he gave
Works De belgische Natie, melodrama,
: musical career, studied farming, and
uj) his
given at Brussels, Theatre du Pare, 185G ;
assumed the administration of an estate in
Het dorp iu't gebergte, comic opera, ib., Bohemia. Works Ojieras Die Wunder- :
1856 Ave Maria for eight voices in two

; blume, given in Vienna, Palace of Count
choruses, performed at the Cathedral in Taaffe, 1847 Emma, ossia II Protettore in- ;
Berlin, 1858 (Berlin, Bote & Bock) mel- visibile, ib., Kiirnthnerthor Theater, 1851
;
;
odies for a single voice with pianoforte Giovanna da Ponte, Prague, 1855 Vocal ;
(Brussels and Mainz, Schotfc Freres) Douze Mass, Vienna, 1843 ; Ave, regina coelorum, ;
pensees na'ives, for do. (ib.) 12 motets (ib.) ib., 1843 Lied vor der Schlacht, chorus with
;
; ;
Petite cantata de Noi-1, 1860 Te Deum, orchestra Songs and romances. Mendel
; ; ;
1863 Requiem Mass, 1863 Quadrilogie (a Wurzbacli.

; ;
combination of the last three works and his BE NOT AFRAID. See Fiirchte dich
solemn mass), performed at AutwerjJ, 1864 ; nicht.
Concerto for pianoforte with orchestra, do. BENTAYOUX (Ben-Tayoux), FRP]-
for flute with orchestra, Lucifer, Flemish DERIC, born at Bordeaux, June 14, 1840,
oratorio, Brussels, 1866 Isa, Flemish op- still living, 1888.
; Dramatic composer, pu-
era, ib., 1867 De Schelde, oratorio, 1860 pil at the Conservatoire, Paris, of IMarmon-
; ;
Cantata, 1869 L'Eglise militantc, souf- tel on the pianoforte, of Emile Durand in
;
frante et triomphante, religious drama for solfeggio, of Colin and Bazin in harmony,
soli and chorus with organ, violoncelli, and of Carafa in comjiosition. Works Op-
double-basses, tinimpets, and trombones, erettas Pa-tchou-ly, given in Paris, Folies :
Antwerp, 1871 De Oorlog (War), oratorio, Bergcre, 1875

; Bobiue, ib., 1876 Le ; ;
ib., 1873 La Colonne du Cougres, cantata, Dompteur de Bougival, Folies Marigny,

;
Brussels Cantata in 3 parts, Liege Pro- 1875 Many pianoforte pieces of light cali-
; ; ;
mt'thce, oratorio, Ghent Hymne a I'Har- bre, and romances and chansons. Fvtis,
;
monie, Antwerp Chant de la Lys, cantata, Supplement, i. 72.
;
Courtrai, 1875 De Maeyers, choral sym-

; BENTLEY, JOHN MORGAN, born in
phony Kinder-cantate Music for Char- Manchester, England, Sept. 3, 1837, still
; ;
lotte Corday, historical drama by Ernest living, 1888. Organist of St. Philip's, Sal-
Van der Ven, Antwerp, Flemish Theatre, ford, 1S55 St. Stephen's, Manchester, ;
1876 ; besides ballades, Lieder, choruses 1860 .St. Saviour's, ib., 1866 Bowdou
; ;
163
BENVENUTI
Parish ChurcL, 18G8 and of Cheadle Ab- with general reprobation by the critics and
;
bey, 1877. He has been the conductor of was withdrawn after three representations.
several musical so- It was given at Covent Garden, London, in
cieties, and in 1870 three acts, June 2.5, 1853. The second
established the Ac- overture to this opera is now called Le Car-
of Music, St. naval romain.
ademy The same subject has been
Ann's, Manchester. treated by Franz Lachner, Munich, 1849 ;
In 1877 he received Louis Schlosser, Darmstadt, 1815 by Leo ;
the degree of Mus. Kern, text by Prechtler, Pesth, 1851 by ;
Bac, and in 1879, Orsini, Naples, 1875 and by Bozzauo, text ;
IMus. Doc, Cam- by Perosio, Genoa, 1877.

bridge. In 1881 BENZ, JOHANN BAPTIST, born at
he was appointed Lauchheim, Wiirtemberg, June 17, 1807,
local examiner for the Eoyal Academy of still living, 1888. Church compioser, first
Music. Works Gethsemane, dramatic can- instructed by Dreger, choir director at
:
tata (Mus. Bac. exercise), 1877 AVhat is EUwangen, then travelled with a family as
;
Life ?, oratorio (Mus. Doc. do.), 1879 Yule- tutor, and in 1831 became instructor of;
tide, cantata for mixed voices (Hutchings German at the College at Chalous-sur-
& Komer) The Golden Butterfly, cantata Marne. In 1836-38 he studied in Rome the
;
for female voices (Hutchings) ; Horte Sacrte, old church music, in personal intercourse
series for violin and pianoforte The Two with Baiui, and through the agency of Car-
;
Violinists,duets for violins, with pianoforte dinal Wiseman was appointed to a position
accompaniment Vesper Canticles; Sym- at the Catholic College at Oscott, England,
;
phony for full orchestra (MS.) and other whence he went in 1811 to Birmingham, as
orchestral works Songs, etc. ; choirmaster and org.anist of the new cathe-
BENVENUTI, NICOH"), born at Pisa, dral. In 1843 he returned to Germany,
May 10, 1783, died (?). Dramatic composer, lived in Munich and Vienna, until called to
puîil of his father,whom he succeeded as Speyer in 1846 as professor of music at
maestro di cappella of the Cathedral .at Pisa. the seminary, and organist of the cathedral.
Works 6 masses for 4 and 6 voices, with
: Works: O clemens, o pia, o dulcis virgo
orchestra 2 Vespers
; II ratto di Proser- ; Maria, festival mass, Speyer, 1853 4 masses, ;
pina, cantata for 3 voices with chorus, Pisa, for three and four voices, with organ Of- ;
1806 Ariana e Teseo, ib., 1810 II Werter,

; ; fertories, graduales, etc. Harnionia sacra.
;
farce, ib., 1811 12 symphonies for grand

; Mendel.
orchestra ; Sonatas for pianoforte ; do. for BERARDI, ANGELO, born at Sant' Aga-
organ ; Variations, etc. Fetis. Bologna, about the middle of the 17th
tha,
BENVENUTI, TOMMASO, born in Italy century. Church composer, maestro di cap-
about 1832, still living, 1888. Dramatic pella at Viterbo, then (1681) of the cathe-
composer, author of the following operas : dral at Spoleto ; Canon at Viterbo in 1687,
Valenzia Candiano, given at Mantua, 18.50 ; and maestro di cappella of Sta. Maria in Tras-
Shakespeare, Parma, 18G1 La Stella di To- ; tevere, Rome, 1693. Works : Requiem mass
ledo, Milan, Teatro della Canobbiana, 1861. for 5 voices (1663) Motets for 2-4 voices
;
Fetis, Supplement, i. 72. (1665) ; Psalms (1675) Offertories (1680).

;
BENVENUTO CELLINI, French opera Fetis; Schilling.

in two acts, text by Leon de Wailly and Bfi:RAT, FREDERIC, born at Rouen in
Auguste Bai-bier, music by Hector Berlioz, 1800, died in Paris, Dec. 2, 1855. Vocal
represented at the Academie Royale de Mu- composer, went early to Paris, where he
sique, Paris, Sept. 3, 1838. It was received formed an intimate friendship with Buran-
164
;
BERBIGUIER
ger, and set many poems to music, Mantua. In a collection published at Ven-
of liis
attaining great popularity. The best known ice in 1544 is a mass by Jachet Bergem on
of bis romances and chausonettes, wbicli the chanson. Mors et fortuna. Biog. nat.
are still sung in France, are : Ma Normandie, de Belgique ; Fetis ; Gerber ; Schilling.
Le depart, A BEREITE DICH, ZION, alto aria in A
la froutii're, La Lisette de
Berauger, Bibi, men
demaiu minor, with accompaniment of oboe d'amore
chori, C'est
qu'il arrive, etc.
Fetis Mendel. and violins, in unison, fagotto and continue,
;
BERBIGUIER, BENOJT TRANQUILLE, from Johann Sebastian Bach's Wriiiacliti^-

born at Caderousse (Vaucluse) Dec. 21, Oratorium, Part I.
1782, died at Pont-Levoy, near Blois, Jan. BERENICE, daughter of Agrippa L of
29, 1838. Flute player, pujjil at the Paris Judtea, wife of her uncle Herod, King of
Conservatoire of Wunderlich on the flute, Chalcis, afterwards of Polemon, King of
and of Berton in composition. He was Cilicia, and later at Rome beloved by the
drafted for the army in 1815 his profes- Emperor Titus, is the subject of many
;
sional life began in 1819 and was spent in ojsenxs Music by Freschi, Venice, 1680 by : ;
Paris until 1830. His playing was remark- Strungk, Leipsic, 1698 by Bronner, text by ;
able for its technique and purity of tone. Hinsch, Hamburg, 1702 by Porpora, Rome, ;
Works 15 books of duets for two flutes 1710 ; by Orlandiui, Venice, 1725 by Do-
: ;
2 do. for flute and violin 6 grand solos menico Sarri, Naples, 1725 by Ferrandini,
; ;
for flute 10 concertos for do. 7 books of Munich, 1730 by Araja, Florence, 1730
; ; ; ;
sonatas for do. with bass or viola 8 varia- by Avoudauo, about 1730 by Fasch, Zerbst,
; ;
tions with pianoforte or orchestra 6 do. 6 about 1739 ;by Galuppi, Italy, 1741 by
; ; ;
books of trios for three flutes One do. for Perillo, Venice, 1757 English opera, music
; ;
two flutes and viola One do. for flute, vio- by Charles Frederick Abel, Loudon, 1764
; ;
lin, and viola Several suites of duets for two by Piccinni, Naples, 1764
; by Rust, Parma, ;
flutes ;Grand duo coucertante for flute and 1786; by Spontini, Naples, i798 by Zin- ;
pianoforte Several fantasias, romances, etc., garelli, Rome, 1811

; Tito e Berenice, music ;
for do. Method for flute. Fetis Mendel. by Caldara, test by Capeca, Rome, 1714;
; ;
BERCHEM (Berghem), JACQUES

Berenice iu Roma, by Raimondi, Naples,
(Jachet), born in Flanders, beginning of the 1823 Titus et Berenice, by Gastiuel, Paris,
;
16th century, died about 1580. Vocal com- 1860 Berenice in Siria, by Carafa, Naples, ;
poser, and one of the most famous contra- 1818 Berenice, f)asticcio, music by Johann
;
puntists of his century. He passed most of Christian Bach, in collaboration with Hasse,
his life, 1535-65, in the service of the Duke Galuppi, and Ferrandini, London, 1764.
of Mantua, whence he was called by the BERENICE, Italian opera in three acts,
Italians Giaclietto di Mantova, as well as to author of text unknown, music by Handel,
distinguish him from Giachetto di Keggio, first represented at Coveut Garden, Lon-
who was Jachet de Werts. He is sometimes don, May 18, 1737. The MS. in Bucking-
confounded, too, with Jachet de Buus. ham Palace is dated at the beginning, Dec.
Works 26 motets, lacheti musici celeber- 18, 1736, and at the end, Jan. 27,^ 1737.
:
rimi atque delectabilis,

etc. (Venice, 1539) The libretto, which is probably older than
;
Second edition, with two more motets, II the music, has the following characters :
prime lib. de motetti (Venice, 1540) ; 93 Berenice, Selene, Alessandro, Demetrio, Ai--
stanzas of Ariosto's "Orlando Furioso," set sace, Fabio, and Aristobolo. The scene is
to four-part music (Venice, 1561). In the laid in Egypt, of which Berenice is queen.
MS. of the 16tli century in the Koyal Li- The part of the hero was sustained by Gio-
brary, Munich, are three of his masses for acchino Conti, called Gizziello (1714-61),
five voices, under the name of laches de an artificial soprano, one of the gi-eatest sing-
lfi5
BERENS
ers of the 18th century. The work, iu sjjite BEREZOVSKY, MAXIMUS SAZONO-
of its excellence, had but four representa- VICH, born at Gluchov, Ukraine, in 1745,
died by suicide in 1777. Church composer,
studied music at the Academy at Kiev, and
under Martini at Bologna, whither he was
sent in 1765 by Catherine H., after having
been a singer iu the imperial chapel at St.
Petersburg. He returned from Italy in
1774, possessed of rai-e knowledge, but, dis-
apjjointed in his expectation of obtaining a
position as vocal instructor iu the imperial
chapel, he shot himself. He comjjosed in
the manner of the old Italian masters, en-
deavoured to improve the service of the
Greek Church, and was the first in Russia
to introduce double choruses. He was a
member of the Accademia Filarmonica, Bo-
Gioaccnino Conti, called Gizziello.
logna. Fc'tis.
tions, after which Handel closed his theatre. BERG, KONRAD MATHIAS, born at
Published first bj' Walsh ; full score by Hiin- Colmar, Ai3ril 27, 1785, died at Strasburg,
delgesellschaft (Leipsie, 1883). Schoelcher, Dec. 13, 1852. Pianist, pupil at Mannheim
Handel, 186 ; Eockstro, 192 ; Chrysander, of Friinzl on the violin, 1804-5, then in
ii. 398. Paris at the Conservatoire on the piano-
BERENS, HERMANN, born iu Ham- forte in 1806-7. He settled at Strasbui-g in
burg, Germany, in 1826, died iu Stockholm, 1808, thence visited Paris in 1810, 1818,
May 9, Dramatic comjioser and pi-
1880. 1835, and 1851, and Vienna in 1817, making
anist, son and pupil of Karl Berens (flutist, the acquaintance of Beethoven, Hummel,
1801-57) went in 1843 to Dresden, where
; and Czernj' and Darmstadt in 1825, where
;
he studied composition mider Reissiger, he formed a friendshij) with Gottfried Weber

made a concert tour through Germany with and Rinck. Works Three concertos for :
Mai'ietta Alboni in 1815, then returned to pianoforte and orchestra Rondo for do., ;
Hamburg. In 1847 he was invited to Stock- op. 24 Sonatas for pianoforte and violin,
;
holm, where he established chamber-music op. 9, 23, and 25 Duo with variations, for
;
concerts. He went as musical director to 2 iîanofortes, op. 12 ; Trios for pianoforte,

Oerebro in 1849, whence he returned to violin, and violoncello, op. 11, 15, 16, and
Stockholm in 1860 as Kapellmeister of 20 ;
Quartet, op. 33 ; Four string quartets ;
the JNlindre Theatre later he was made ; Sonatas for pianoforte, op. 5 and 30 ; Fan-
Court-Kapellmeister, professor and member taisies and rondeaux for do. Variations for ;
of the Academy. Works Violetta, opera, : do. and violin Die Nixe des Mummelsees,
;
given in Stockholm Der Sommeruaehts- ; ballad for soprano. Fetis ; Mendel.

traum, operetta, ib., Royal Theatre, 185G BERGFJl, LUDWIG, born in Berlin,
(twenty-five times) ; LuUy und Quinault, April 18, 1777, died there, Feb. 16, 1839.
do., Mindre Theatre, 1859 Riccardo, do., Pianist, jjupil of Gtirrlich, then in Dresden
;
ib., Music to Kodros, Greek drama, of Johann Gottlieb Nainnann, and again at
1869 ;
given in Hamburg Symphonies Over- Berlin of Clementi, whom he followed to

; ;
tures Cantatas Quartet for ijianoforte and St. Petersburg iu 1805, and thence via
; ;
strings; Trio etc. ;

Fetis do., Snpph'ment, Stockholm in 1812 to London, whither Cle-
;
i. G5 Mendel Rieraann Schilling.

; ; menti had gone in 1810 he retui-ned to
; ;
166
;;;
BERGERE
Berlin iu 1814r. As a pianist and teacher BERGGREEN, ANDREAS PETER,
[
he was highly esteemed born in Copenhagen, March 2, 1801, still

his compositions ;
living, 1888.
are meritorious, but met with little success, Instrumental and vocal com-
appealing to the trained musician rather poser took up music as a profession after ;
than the amateur. "Works Souate pathe- having first been compelled to study law,
:
tique, op. 1 (Leipsic, Peters) became organist at Trinity Church, Copen-

Preludes and ;
fugues, op. 5 (Berlin, Schlesinger) hagen, iu 1838, professor of vocal music at

Pre- ;
ludes a la turque, op. 8 (ib.) Sonatas, op. the Metropolitan School in 1843, and in-
;
9, 10, 18 (ib.) Twelve etudes, op. 11 (Ham- spector of the same branch in all public in-
;
burg, Christian!) ; Rondeau pastoral (ib.) ;

stitutions. Works : Collection of songs,
Toccata (Leipsic, Breitkoi^f So- with guitar (Copenhagen, 1822, 1823) Ro-
& Hilrtel) ;
;
nata for four hands, oj). 15 (Berlin, Lane) mances (ib., 1823) Ballads and Romances ;
;
3 miHtary marches, op. IG (ib.) 3 infantry (ib., 1824) Variations for guitar (ib., 1825)
;
;
marches (ib.) Variations on Russian and

;
Wedding Cantata (1829) Billedet og bus- ;
Norwegian airs Orestes, opera Sympho-

; ;
tan (The Portrait and the Bust), comic op-
ny, performed l)y iMeudelssohn iu Berlin, era, given at Copenhagen, 1832 ; Songs for
1832 ; 8 collections of songs (Offenbach, the use of schools (1834-39) ; Popular songs
Andre) ; Several do. of four-part songs for and national and foreign melodies, for pi-
male voices (Berlin, Hamburg, and Offen- anoforte (1842-47) Twelve Swedish songs ;
bach). Unpublished 2 symphonies Con- : (184G) National songs (1848) Songs to

; ; ;
certo for pianoforte String quartets ;

18 poems of Bellmaun (1850) Six Swedish ;
;
variations on "Ah! vous dirai-je, maman" songs of Runeberg (1852) Several canta- ;
;
Kyrie and Gloria a cappella for four solo and tas. Pctis, Supplement, i. 74 Riemann. ;
eight chorus parts ; Canons, fugues, marches, BERGHEM. See Berchem.

and songs. Allgem. d. Biogr., ii. 380 ; Allg. BERGMANN, JOSEF, born at 6erno-
mus. Zeitg., xli. 186 ; Lud- chov, Bohemia, July 26, 1822. Composer,
Fetis ; Rellstab,
wig Berger, ein Denkmal (Berlin, 18-lG). first instructed by his father, then in Prague
BERGfiRE CH1TEL.\INE, LA, opera pupil of Josef Ki-ejci went as organist and ;
comique iu three acts, text by Plauard, mu- choirmaster to Jungbunzlau in 1862, and as
sic by Auber, iirst represented at the Opera choir-director and vocal instructor to
Smi-
Comique, Paris, Jan. 27, 1820. This, the chov (Prague) in 1867. Works : Pijakovo
first successfulwork of the comijoser, opened dedictvi (The Toper's Bequest), cantata
to him a long and prosperous career. Choruses for male voices Transcriptions ;
BERGERS, LES (The Shepherds), opera of national Czech melodies Chant des Si- ;
comique in three acts, text by Hector Cre- rt^nes, for pianoforte (1st prize, Vienna) ;
mieux and Philippe Gille, music by Offen- Other pianoforte pieces Songs. Mendel. ;
bach, first represented at the Bouft'es Pari- BERGSON, anCHAEL, born at Warsaw
siens, Paris, Dec. 11, 1865. The first act, in May, 1820, still living, 1888. Dramatic
L'idylle, represents Arcadian shepherd life composer and pianist, pupil of Friedrich ;
the second, Le trumeau, the shepherd of Schneider at Dessau went in 1842 to Italy, ;
the rococo age, with music iu the style of and after his return lived for several years
the seventeenth century the third. La in Berlin

;
and Leipsic, then settled in Paris.
bergerie realiste, the shejiherd of real life. In 1863 he became professor of the piano-
BERGGEIST, DER (The Spirit of the forte at the Conservatory in Geneva, soon
Mountain), romantic opera in three acts, but went a few years later
after its director,
text by Di'iring, music by Spohr, represented to London. Works

Luisa di Montfort,
:
at Cassel, INIarch 24, 1825. Subject from the opera, given at Florence, Teatro de la Per-
" Rubezahl " of Museeus. See also Ruhezahl. gola, 1846, Leghorn, 1847, Hamburg, 1849
167
!
BERGT
Qui va ;i perd sa jjlace, operetta, wedding cantata, and two collections of
la chasse,
Fans, 1859 Trio for pianoforte, violin, ami Lieder for several voices and pianoforte.
;
violoncello Duo dramatique for pianoforte His Conge, Lieder for one voice with piano-
;
and violoncello Three duos for pianoforte forte, had a wonderful success, and was
;
and violin, for pianoforte Con- published in all the large towns of Ger-
and clarinet ;
certo in E minor Mazourkas many. Allgem. d. Biogr., ii. 398 Allgem.

; Fantasias ; ;
;
Pieces de Salon German songs. Fetis mus. Zeitg., xxxix. 454 Fetis Gerber.
; ;
; ;
do.. Supplement, i. 358 Riemaun. B^RIOT, CHARLES AUGUSTE DE,

;
BERGT, CHRISTIAN GOTTLOB AU- born at Louvain,

GUST, born at Oederan, Saxony, June 17, Feb. 20, 1802,
1772, died at Bautzen, Feb. 10, 1837. ib., died in Brussels,
His taste for music was aroused in 1790 at April 8, 1870.
Leipsic, where he was completing his theo- Violinist, found-
logical studies, and be gave himself up to er of the modern
the study of the organ, harmony, and com- Franco-Belgian
position. In 1801 he wrote bis first musi- school of violin-
cal compositions, consisting of Lieder, sona- playing, the first
tas for pianoforte, and an intermezzo. List after Paganini to

gegen List. He played the organ at several adopt a brilliant
of the churches of Leiissic as an amateur, and effective mode of playing, in opposition

but bis recantation was soon established, and to the classic severity of the old French
in 1802 he was made organist of the princi- school. De Beriot received his earliest in-
pal cburcb at Bautzen, and soon after pro- struction on the violin from Tiby, a provin-
fessor at the seminary and director of the cial teacher, and when nine years old per-
singing society. From that time he became formed in public a concerto by Viotti. In
a celebrated teacher of music, and had many 1821 he went to Paris, where he was assist-
illustrious pupils. He wrote a treatise, "Et- ed in his studies by Viotti and Baillot.
was zum Choral und Dessen Zubebor," much After a successful debut there, De Beriot
used in the seminaries (Leipsic, 1832), and, played frequently in England, where he was
" Brief wechsel eines alten und jungen Schul- announced on his first appearance at the
meisters fiber allerhand Musikalisches " (Zit-
Philharmonic Society, May 1, 1826, as " Vi-
tauuud Leipsic, 1838). "Works The Passion, : olon de la chambre de sa Majeste le Roi
oratorio, in three parts, op. 10 So weit der ; de France." He was solo violonist to the
Sonne Strahleu, hymn for four voices and King of the Netherlands from the date of
orchestra, op. 17 Easter hymn, Christus ; his return to Belgium until the Revolution
ist erstanden, for four voices and orchestra, of 1830. From the latter year until 1835
op. 18 A Te Deum A collection of re-
; ; he made a professional tour through Eng-
ligious songs The ancient canticle, Herr
; land, France, Belgium, and Italy, with
Gott dich loben wir, reset for four voices, Maria Malibran, whom he married (1835).
with four trombones, trumpets, cymbals, In 1836 he settled in Brussels, reappearing
and organ. These have been much used in in public in 1840, when he travelled through
all the German churches. Operas Laura : Germany. He was professor of violin
c Fernando Die Wunderkur Erwin und
; ; playing at the Brussels Conservatoire from
Elmire, by Goethe Das Stiindchen La ; ; 1843 to 1852, when he retired from loss
Fete auniversaire de la naissance du poete of eyesight. De Beriot wi-ote a great deal ;
Mitgefiihl. For the orchestra and for cham- of popular and brilliant music for the violin.
ber music he wrote symphonies, sonatas for His published compositions consist of four
pianoforte and violin, German dances, a trios for pianoforte, violin, and violoncello ;
BfiRIOT
seven concertos eleven airs varies and a 1864 and Nassau.
; ; Member of the Acad- ;
number duos brillants for pianoforte and emy of St. Cecilia, Rome. Works Op-
of
violin in conjunction with Osborne, Thal- eras Die Bergknappen, Der Schatzgra- :
berg, and other pianists. He was author of ber, given at Amsterdam, 1841 Runal, ou ;
an instruction book entitled Premier guide L'esprit du feu, ib., 1844; La deroute de
:
des violonistes of several books of studies Culloden, ib., 1846 5 other operas 7 bal-
; ; ;
for the violin, and of Mcthode de violon en lets. Moses on Nebo, oratorio, performed
trois parties (Paris, 1858), which is his best at Magdeburg, 1844 Ouverture triomphale, ;
work. He was, too, a clever painter and Brussels, 1844 Die Matrosen am Ufer, ;
sculptor. His bust of Mme Malibran is at symphonic cantata, Amsterdam, 1848 ;
Symphony, Cassel, 1857 A Mass Tautum ; ;
ergo ; cantatas, overtures, psalms, quartets

for string instruments, fantasias for orches-
tra, nocturnes, songs with pianoforte, four-
part songs, etc. Fetis ; do.. Supplement, i.
the Italiens, Paris, and a violin constructed 77 ; Mendel ; Viotta.

by him belongs to Prince Youssoupoff, in BERLIOZ, HECTOR (LOTUS), born at
Russia. Fetis ; do., Supplement, i. 74 ; La Cote - Saint-An-
Mendel Riemann Wasielewski, Die Vio- dre, near Grenoble,
; ;
line und ihre Meister, 380. France, Dec. 11,

BERIOT, CHARLES WILFRID DE, 1803, died in Paris,
bom in Paris, Feb. 12, 1833, still living, March 9, 1869. His
1888. Pianist, son of Charles de Beriot father, Louis Ber-
and Maria Garcia Malibran. He made his lioz, was a phj-sician,
debut in a concert at Louvain, when scarce- and intended his
ly ten years of age, then studied at the son for the same
College Louis-le-Grand in Paris, until 1848, career. In 1822 he
when he went to Brussels. Works Two was sent to Paris to :
concertos for pianoforte, with orchestra study medicine un- ;
Two fragments symphoniques Trio Mor- der Amussat he also attended lectures on
; ; ;
ceaux de genre (about 50) for pianoforte chemistry by Thenard and Gay-Lussac, and
;

Many songs. Fetis, Sujiplement, 75. ou literature by Andrieux. But the passion
i.
BERLI.JN (Berlyn), ARON WOLF, born for music proved too strong and, in spite of
at Amsterdam, May 2, 1817, died there, Jan. his parents, he gave up medicine, and took
16, 1870. Dramatic composer, pupil of private lessons in composition under Le-
Bernhard Koch on the pianoforte and of sueur. He had already begun composing,
Ludwig Erk in composition went iu 1839 and a mass of his composition was given at
;
to Leipsic, where he studied counterpoint the Church of Saint-Roch in 1825. In the

under Gottfried Wilhelm Fink then visited following year he failed to be admitted as
;
the most important cities of Germany, be- competitor for the prize for comjjosition at
fore returning to Amsterdam, whence he the lustitut des Beaux-Ai-ts, but on Aug. 26,
visited Brussels in 1844 and Paris in 1845- 1826, he was regularly inscribed in the
46. For several years after, he was leader books of the Conservatoire, and on Oct. 2d
of the orchestra at the Royal Theatre. Or- he entered Reicha's counterjioint class. In
der of Oaken Crown, 1843 Gold medal 1827 he competed for the first time with a
;
of merit of Belgium and Denmark, 1845 cantata, Ori^hee, but got no prize. In 1828
;
Greece, 1846 Sweden and Austria, 1848

; he gave his first concert at the Conservatoire,
;
Holland, 1858 and 1860 Saxe-Coburg, and iu the competition got the second prize
;
169

BERLIOZ
for composition with bis cantata Hermiuie. conduct his Damnation de Faust. Berlioz
IllJune, 1829, he failed to get a prize for his was the head of the modern French orchestral
cantata Cluopatre, but in 1830 he won the school, and may be called the father of mod-
pris tie Rome with his cantata Sardanajaale. ern orchestration. He occupied very much
This crowning success brought about a final the position in French music that Victor Hugo
reconciliation with his family, with whom he did in French literature. He was a thor-
had broken several His important
times. ough romanticist, but, with all his disdain
compositions uji to this time were
Overture : for tradition, he never sympathized with the
to the Francs-Juges, 1827 Huit scones de
; Wagnerian movement in Germany. His
Faust, 1828, afterwards destroyed Melodies ; success in France was limited during his
irlandaises, 1829 Symjihonie fantastique
; lifetime, although he had his coterie of ad-
and Fantaisie sur laTempetc, 1830. "Within mirers but his true jjojjularitj' in his native
;
this iêriod fall also his first passion for Hen- country began only after his death. Now
riettaSmithson, the Irish actress, whom he he is looked up to as the greatest of modern
subsequently married (1833), and his liaison French composers as a master of the or-
;
with Camilla Moke (concerning his ruisture chestra he is unsurpassed. His most popu-
with whom, see Memoires, 121, and Hijipean, lar composition is the Damnation de Faust.
Berlioz intime, 219). Early in 1831 he set He considered the Eequiem, the Romeo et
out for Eome, where he remained two years, Juliette symphony, the Te Deum, and Les
at the Academie de France. Durhag this Troyens as his greatest works. He never
period he wrote, among other things, the played on any instrument, except a little on
overture to Kob Roy, which he afterwards the guitar and flute. He was for a long
destroyed. He returned to Paris in 1832. time musical critic on the Journal des
Near the end of 1812 he on his first
set out Debats. He was appointed librarian to the
concert trij) to Germanj-, in which he met Conservatoire in 1838, and elected to suc-
with flattering success. In 181G he made ceed Adolphe Adam at the Institut in 1856.
an equally successful tour through Austria, He was Chevalier of the Legion of Honour.
Hungary, Bohemia, and Silesia, and in 1847 Works Ijramatic : llenvenulo Cellini, ojj-
he made a similar trip to Russia. In 1852 era semi-seria, op. 23, given in Paris, Op-
he went to London, where he conducted the era, Sept. 3, 1886 ; Beatrice et Benedict,
first series of New Philharmonic concerts ;
comic opera, Baden-Baden, Aug. 9, 1862,
and in 1853 ho conducted his Benvenuto conducted by the comjDoser ; Les Troyens I.
Cellini there. His wife died (after having La prise de Troie, opera in three acts, never
been separated from him since 1811), March performed, II. Les Troyens a Carthage,
3, 1854, and he married soon after Marie opera in five acts, Paris, Theatre Lyrique,Nov.
Martin, or, as she was known by her mother's 4, 1863 Lelio, ou Le retour a la vie, Ij-ric
;
name, Marie Recio, who died in 18G2 she ; monodrama, ojj. 14b (2d part of the Episode
had been his mist/ess from 1841 up to the de la vie d'un artiste). Vocal-^With orches-
time of her marriage, and was the main cause tra La damnation de Faust, legend in four
:
of his rupture with his first wife. His last parts, op. 24, ib.. Opera Comique, Dec. 6,
years were years of intense and almost con- 1846, conducted by the composer. UEn-
stant suffering from an affection of the intes- fance du Christ, sacred trilogy, op. 25,
tines. The failure of his ojjei-a, Les Troyens Paris, Salle Herz, Dec. 10, 1854, conduct-
a Cartilage, in 1863, and the death of his son ed by the composer ; Sara la baigneuse,
Louis in 1867, wei'e blows from which he ballad for three choruses, op. 11 ; Romeo
never recovered. He, however, made one et Juliette, dramatic symphony with chorus,
more trip to Russia, on invitation of the solos, and prologue in choral recitative, op.
Grand Duchess Helene, and one to Vienna to 17; Tristia, a collection of two choruses.
170
;;
BERLS
"
and a funeral march with chorus, op. 18 ;
Paris, 1844); " Les soirees de Torcliestre
"
Vox Populi, two grand choruses, op. 20 ;
(ib., 1853) " Les grotesques de
;
la, musique
U Imperkdc, cantata for two choruses, oj). (ib., 1859) " A travers chauts" (ib., 1802)
;
2(), Palais de I'lndustrie, Champs Elysees, "Mcinoires,"etc., 1803-1865 (ib., 1870; Eug-
1855, conducted by the composer ; Grande lisli trauslatiou, Loudou, 1884); " Traite
messe des morts, requiem, op. 5 Te ; Deum d'instrumentation " (Paris). A German edi-
for three chorusesand organ obli-
gato, op. 22
chorus
d'c'te,
;
bass and chorus, op. 6

six
Le
; La belle
cinq mai, cantata for
songs with small orches-

Isabeau, for
; Les nuits
X^
tra, op. 7 ; La captive, reverie (Vic-
tor Hugo), for contralto, op. 12.
. Vocalj With pianoforte:e:/,-W.,9 /)
melodies (Thomas Moore), tor one
ire), for gV
W' ra \ a
r;tiA
^
O 'ilo.Jb^
O '^^-^
ISPS mi
or two voices, or choruses, op. 2
;
^ " '
^ J -/
Flews des Laudes, five songs, op. 13 ; tiou of his literary works is entitled " Ge-
Feuillels d'album, three songs, one of which sammelte Schriften" (Leipsic, 4 vols., 1865).
is with chorus, op. 19 ; Le temple universel, ^

Edmond Hippeau, Berlioz iutime (Paris,
chorus for 4 voices ; Pricre du matin, do. 1883) Berlioz artiste (in press) Xavier ; ;
for 2 voices ; Le chasseur danois, for bass. Eyma et Arthur de Lucy, licrivains et ar-
' T'lptrumental : Symphonic fantastique, op. tistes vivants (Paris, Librairie universelle,
14a, first part ofEpisode de la vie d'un ar- 1840) Eugene de ilirecourt, Berlioz (Paris, ;
tiste Grande si/nqjJionie fuuebre et triom- 1856) Georges de Massougnes, Berlioz, son
; ;
phale, for full military band, with string oeuvre (ib., Eichault et Dentu, 1870) Revue ;
orchestra, and chorus ad libitum, ojj. 15 et Gazette musicale de Paris (1870-71) ; ;
Harold en Italic, symphony with viola obli- D. Bernard, Correspondance inedite, (ib.,
gata, op. 16 ;
H. M. DunstaiT7 Life and Letters
5 overtures, Waverley, op. 1, 1879) ;
Les Fi-ancs-J uges, op. from Bernard, London,

3, Boi Lrar, op. 4, of Berlioz (trans,
Le carnaval romain, op. 9 (second overture 2 vols., 1882) Joseph Bennett, Berlioz ;
to Benvenuto Cellini), Corsaire, op. 21 (London, 1883) Alfred Ernst, LVeuvre ;

;
Reverie et caprice, romance for violin, with dramatique de H. Berlioz (Paris, 1884) ;
orchestra or pianoforte, op. 8. Eight scenes AVm. F. Apthorp, Hector Berlioz (New York,
from Goethe's Faust (destroyed, not to be 1879) Georges NoulHard, Hector Berlioz et ;
confounded with La damnation de Faust) le mouvemeut de I'art contemporain (Paris, ;
Resurrexit et iterum venturus, for chorus 1885) Leipsic Signale, March 15, 1869, ;
with orchestra (1831) Quartette e coro dei February, 1879, No. 16 London Musical
; ;
Maggi, for mixed voices, with orchestra Times, xxi. 272, 326 Dwight's Journal, xxiii. ;
(1832); Litrata di Rol Roy MacGregor 25, 33, 41, 49 xxix. 10, 11 London Mus. ; ;
1832). Transcriptions La Marseillaise, ar- Standard, new series, xvii. 264, 294 Am-
: ;
ranged for chorus and full orchestra Leo- bros, Bunte Bliltter, i. 93 Mirecourt, Ber- ; ;
pold de !Meyer's Marche marocaine, for full lioz (Paris, 1856) Griepenkerl, Ritter ;
orchestra Weber's Invitation :i la valse, for Berlioz in Braunschweig (Brunswick, 1843)

;
do. ; Accompaniment to Schubert's Erlkiinig, Hanslick, Musikalische Stationen, 190.
do. ; do. to Martini's Plaisir d'amour, for BERLS, JOHANN RUDOLF, born at
small orchestra. He was the author, also, Alach, near Erfurt, May 8, 1758, died at
of the following Ut^rarv works^ " Voyage Rhoda, Thuringia (?). Organist, pupil of
(2 vols.. Creuzmuller on the pianoforte and violin,
"
musical en Allemagne et en Italic
; :
BERNABEI
of the cantor Weimar
mony, and of Halevy in fugue and compo-
in singing, of Eei-
chardt on the organ, and of Hassler in com- sition appeared successfully in concerts, ;
l)ositiou. AYorks Several short oratorios and devoted himself to teaching. Several
:
;
Motets .Symjjhouies 2 sonatas for piano- parlor operas by him were performed iu
; ;
forte for four hands 30 national melodies, Paris amoug them Loin du bruit, L' Ac-
; ; :
for pianoforte Arias, and jjianoforte pieces. cord parfait, etc.

; He has published nioie
Fe tis Gerber, N. Lex. Mendel.
; than a hundred compositions for the pia-
;
BERNABEI, GIUSEPPE ANTONIO, noforte, and many songs. Fetis, Sujjple-

born in Rome, 1659, died in Munich, March ment, i. 78.
3, 1732. Dramatic composer, son and pupil BERNARDI, BARTOLOMEO, born in
of Giusej^pe Ercole Bernabei, with whom Italy iu the latter jjart of the 17th century.
he went to Munich, and whose successor Violinist, and about 1720 Kapellmeister
he became there. Works Operas Alvida : to the King of Denmark at Copenhagen.
in Abo, Munich, 1G78 Enea in Italia, ib., ; Member of the Academy there. Works :
1679 Ermione, ib., 1680 Niobe regina di

; ; 12 sonatas for violin with basso continuo ;
Tebe, ib., 1688 La gloria festeggiante, ib.,

; Sonate a tre, for two violins and violoncello,
1688. Church music Orpheus ecclesias- : with basso for the organ (Bologna, 1696) ;
ticus, consisting of several masses (Augs- Concertos, caprices, cantatas (formerly in

burg, 1698) MissjB VII. cum quatuor voci-
; the Royal Librai-y at Copenhagen, consumed
bus (Vienna, 1710);. 24 hymns for four in the great fire of 1794). Fetis ; Mendel.
voices, and basso continuo for organ. His BERNARDI, ENRICO, Italian dramatic
brother Vincenzo (born in Rome, 1666) also composer, contemporarj^. He was maestro <
composed several operas, among which may concertatore and orchestra leader at the
be mentioned Gli accidenti d' amore, : Teatro del Verme, Milan, in 1876. Works
Vienna, 1689 Eraclio, Munich, 1690. Fo-
; Zeliska, ballet, given at Milan, Scala, 1860 ;
tis ; Gerber, N. Lex. Marco Visconti, do., Turin, Teatro Regio,

BERNABEI, GIUSEPPE ERCOLE, born 1862 nda, Don Pacheco, do., Trieste, 1868 ; ;
at Caprarola, Papal Territory, 1620, died in Ate, do., Milan, Teatro Castelli, 1876; II
Munich, 1687. Dramatic composer, one of Granduca di Gerolstein, oj)era buffa, Milan,
the best harmonists of the 17th century, 1871. Fetis, Supplement, i. 78.
pupil of Orazio Beuevoli. He was maestro BERNARDI, STEFFANO, born about
di cappella of San Giovanni in Laterano in the close of the 16th century. He was
1662-67, then of San Luigi de' Francesi un- maestro di cappella of the Duomo, and ma-
til 1G72, when he succeeded Benevoli in San estro of the Accademia Filarmonica, Verona,
Pietro in Vaticano only a year after, he was and probably canon and maestro di cajspella
;
called to Munich to succeed Kerl as Hof- at Salzburg. He wrote an elementary work

Kapellmeister. Works Operas :La cou- entitled. Porta musicale, etc. (Verona, 1615,
quista del vello d' oro in Colco, La fabrica second edition, Venice, 1639). His composi-
di corone, given in Munich, 1674 II liti- tions, consisting of madrigals published ;
gio del cielo e della terra, Masses at Venice, of masses, ^jsalms, and motets,
ib., 1680 ;
Psalms Offertories for 4-16 voices Motets appeared from 1611 to 1637. Some motets
; ;
(1690) IMadrigals, for 3, 5, and 6 voices were publi.shed at Salzburg in 1634, and a
;
(1669). Fc'tis Mendel. ; mass for five voices at Antwerp in 1619.

BERNARD, PAUL, born at Poitiers, Fetis Mendel Schilling. ; ;
France, Oct. 4, 1827, died iu Paris, Feb. 24, BERNARDIN, BERNARD COURTOIS,
1879. Pianist and composer, pupil in Paris called, born about 1826, died in Paris during
of Gambaro and Tlialberg on the pianoforte, the siege, 1870 or 1871. Violinist, pupil of
and at the Conservatoire of Elwart iu har- the Conservatoire, where he won the second
172
; ;
BERNARDINI
prize iu 1841 ; became chef d'orchestre at 1741 ; La uinfa Apollo, Vienna, 1743
Te- ;
the Vaudeville, then at the Folies Nouvelles, mistocle, 1744 Antigone, ib., 1745
ib., ;
and other theatres of this class, and finally Sallustia, Munich, 1753 Bajazet, L' Ozio ;
at the Folies Draniatiques. He wrote mu- fugato dalla gloria, ib., 1754 Adriano, II ;
sic to the following pieces : Polkette, Folies trionfo della costanza, Alessandro, ib., 1755 ;
Nouvelles, 185G ; Nous n'irous plus au bois, Didone abbaudouata, ib., 1756 Agelmondo, ;
ib., 1857 ; P'tit fi, p'tit mignon, ib. ; Nicaise, ib., 17G0; Artaserse, ib., 17G3; L' Olimpi-
Bouiies Parisiens, 18C7 ; Une razzia galaute, ade, ib 17G4 Demofoonte, ib., 17G5 En-
, ; ;
pantomime, Apres la noce, do. ; Fautaisie dimioue, ib., 176G ; La clemenza di Tito, ib.,
for violin, with pianoforte. Fetis, Supple- 17G8; Demetrio, ib., 1772 La Betulialibe- ;
ment, i. 79. rata, oratorio, 1754. He wrote also a num-

BERNARDINI, MARCELLO, boru at ber of masses, vespers, and litanies, which
Capua, Ital}', about 17G2, sometimes called remain in MS. Futis Schilling. ;
Marcello da Capua. Dramatic comjjoser he BERNER, FRIEDRICH WILHELM, ;
frequently ^vlote his own libretti. Works born at Breslau, Silesia, March IG, 1780, :
L' Isola incautata, given at Perugia, 1781 died there. May 9, 1827. Organist, pupil
La finta sposa olandese, Rimini, 1784 of his father, who was organist of the Eliza-
I tre Orfei, intermezzo, Rome, 1781 Le beth Church at Breslau, and his assistant ;
donne bisbetiche, ossia 1' antiquario fana- when thirteen years old. He studied coun-
tico, ib., about 1785 II baroue a forza, ib., terpoint and composition under Gehirnie,
;
1785 ; II coute di bell' umore, ib., 178G directorof the choir at the Matthiius Church, ;
II fonte d' acqua gialla, ossia and the violoncello, horn, bassoon, and clari-
il trionfo della
pazzia, Rome, 1787 Le quattro ; under Reichardt. In company with
Stagioni, Al- net
bano, 1788; II bruto fortuuato, Civita Vec- Schnabel, Beruer visited Berlin in 1811, to
chia, 1788 Gli amanti confusi La Donna master the system of the Siugakademie,
; ;
di Sj)irito, Rome, 1788 La finta Galatea, with a view to establishing for the govex'u-
;
Naples, 1789 La fiera di Forlipoijoli, ment similar institutions throughout Silesia,

;
Rome, 1789 L' Ultima che si perde e la and ho was employed also iu cataloguing
;
sperauza, Naples, 1790 ; II Pizarro in Perh, the musical libraries of the suppressed mon-
L' Amore Y>ei- La donna asteries, a task which was cut short by his
magia, ib., 1791 ;
bizzarra, Vienna, 1793 L' Allegria in cam- death. He wrote cantatas, marches, dances,
;
pagna, Venice, 1794 La statua per jûu- etc., from 1792 to 179G later (1799) he com-
; ;
tiglio, about 1794.

Fetis Gerber, N. Lex.; posed an elegy to Jules de Tarent, and a har-
;
Schilling. monized piece which was considered very fine.

BERNASCONI, ANDREA, born at Mar- In 1801 his jiroductions became more char-
seilles iu 1712, died iu Munich, Jan. 24, acteristic his best work is the 150th Ps;ilui ;
1784. Dramatic composer, son of au ex- for four voices and orchestra L'H^-mne dcs ;
army officer who settled at Parma he stud- Allemauds with orchestra is also one of his;
ied music from his earliest youth and gave best works. He wrote an intermezzo, Der
lessons while still young brought out his Kapellmeister, besides masses, canons,
;
first opera in Venice iu 1741, visited Rome sacred choruses, and Lieder, of which his
and other Italian cities, went to Vienna iu Deutsches Herz, verzagenicht is still poiûlnr.
1743, and returned to Parma in 1747. He He excelled as a teacher, and had as puj)ils,
became maestro di eappella at the Ospedale Koehler his successor as organist, Zoelner,
della Pieta in Venice, went to Munich in and Adolph Hesse. His most valuable di-
1754, and was made Hof-Kapellmeister to dactic writings ai-e " Grundregeln des :
the Elector Maximilian in 1755. Works Gesanges " (1815) " Theorie des Choral- ;
Operas Alessandro Severo, given Zwisehenspiels " " Lehre von der
: iu Venice, (1819) ;
ViS
;
BERNE VI LLE
musikaliscbeu Interpunktion " (1821). All- containing 20 cantatas (Dresden, 1665). He
gem, d. Biogr., ii. 413 ; Allgem. mus. Zeitg. ;
was the author also of didactic treatises en-
;"
Fetis ; Meudel ; Schilling. titled "Tractatuscomijositionesaugmentas
BERNEVILLE, GILBERT DE, trouba- and " Ausfiihrliclier Bericht von dem Ge-
dour of the boru at Couitraj-, brauch der Consouanzen, nebst einem Au-
13tli ceutury,
according to popular but Fetis thinks hang von dem doppelten und vierfacheu
belief,
at the village of Berneville, near Arras. He ContraiJunct." Allgem. d. Biogr., ii. 456 ;
flourished before 12G0, and was in the Fetis Gerber, N. Lex. Schilling. ; ;
service of Henry HI., Duke of Brabant. He BERNICAT, FIRJHN, boru in 1841, died
wrote a song beginning, " Beau Gillebert, s'il iu Paris, March, 1883. Works Ali-pot-de- :
vos agree." Fifteen of his chansons are in rhum (a I'Hijipodrome), operette bouffe in
the National Library, Paris, and two IMSS. in one act, played at the Alcazar d'Ete, Paris,
the same library contain six more. Fetis July, 1870 Trois grands prix, operette,
; ;
Larousse Mendel, Ergilnz., 3-1.

; Theatre Taitbout, ib., March 28, 1875 La ;
BEENHAED, CHKISTOPH, boru at jeunesse de Beranger, ojjerette, given at

Dantzic iu 1G12, died at Dresden, Nov. 14, I'Eldorado, ib., January', 1877. Fetis, Sup-
1692. The son of a poor fisherman, he was plement, i. 79.
enabled, with tile assistance of Dr. Strauch, BERNIER, NICOLAS, born at Nantes,
to enter the Gymnasium at Dantzic, where June 28, 1664, died at Versailles, Sejat. 5,
he studied music under Balthazar Ei-beu, 1734. Church composer, pupil in Rome of
and the organ and harmony under Paul Caldara, whose works became his model.
Syfert, and later to visit Dresden, where he He was considered the most skilful composer
was a jiupil of H. Schiltz in counterpoint of his time, was at first maitre de musique
and composition. His fine tenor voice in- of Saint-Germain I'Auxerrois, theu of the
duced the Kurfiirst to send him to study royal chajsel, in which capacity he founded
singing in Italy, where he became the friend at Versailles a school of music, from which is-
of Carissimi, and his compositions were sued several of the most eminent French ar-
much admired. He returned to Dresden tists. Works 26 motets, op. 1 (Paris, 1703); :
with several singers for the Royal Chapel, Motets for 1, 2, and 3 voices, op. 2 (ib., 1713)
but the Elector sent him back to comjjlete Motets, posthumous (ib., 1736) Cautates ;
the royal choir and to secure a Kapellmeis- franjaises, books 1-7. Fetis Schilling. ;
ter. Through intrigue he was forced to re- BERR (Beer), FRIEDRICH, born at
sign his post at Dresden and to take a can- Mannheim, April 17, 1794, died in Paris,
torship at Hamburg, whence he was recalled Sept. 24, 1838. Virtuoso on the clarinet
after ten years by the Kurfiirst Johann and bassoon puiîl of his father, Jacob;
Geoi'g ni., and became teacher to the young Beer, on the violin and the flute. He became
princes, and Kapellmeister until his death. bandmaster of the 39th Regiment of Infan-
He was noted for his knowledge of counter- try, served in Sjjain in 1810-14, and iu 1816
point, a notable instance of which is shown studied harmonj' under Fetis, then organist
in his setting of the Latin hymn, Prudentia at Douai. In 1819 he became bandmaster
prudentiaua (Hamburg, IGfiO). Works 2 of the 2d Regiment of Swiss Guards iu Paris,
:
and in 1823 first clarinet at the Opera. He

was appointed professor of the clarinet at
the Conservatoire in 1831, first clarinet to
'î^^M^ the king, and

Honour iu 1835.
member of the
In 1836 the government
Legion of
masses for fen voices and ten instruments, created a school of military music as part of
inMS. Geistlicher Harmonia erster Theil, the Conservatoire, which he superintended
;
174

;
berrE
until bis wrote au immense di cappella of the Cathedral of Brescia
death. He
amount of music for the clarinet, bassoon, subsequently court musician to Alfonso of
and other instruments. Five hundred of Perrara, and maestro to the Bishop of Pa-
his pieces are military music, forty suites dua. One of his madrigals is to be found
d'hariuonie, besides duos, quatuors, airs vain the collection of Hubert Waebrant (1504),
ries, etc., published at Paris, Leipsic, etc. and others in the
following collections pub-
wrote a method for the clarinet entitled lished at Venice II Lauro verde (1591)
II
He : ;
Traite complet de la clarinette a 14 clefs Trionfo di Dori (1596 Antwerp, 1601) and ; ;
(Paris, 183(5), which was translated into in a collection of sonnets by

.
Battista Zuc-
German by Lobe. Fetis do., Suppli'ment, carini (Venice, 1586). Among those pub-
;
i. 79 ; Mendel ; Supple- lished separately are Madrigali a cinque,

Schilling, i. 587 ;
:
ment, 38. lib. i. (Brescia, 1584) Sonnets for five ;
BERRE, FERDINAND, born at Gaus- voices (Venice, 1586-1609) Madrigals for ;
horen, near Brussels, Feb. 5, 181:3, still liv- six voices, lib. i. (Venice). Fetis Gerber, ;
ing, 1888. Dramatic composer, pupil of N. Les. Schilling. ;
Godineau, and of Bosselet the younger. BERTE.AU, born at Valenciennes in the

Having founded the Cercle Symplionique et first years of the ISth century. Founder of
Dramatique, he brought out there L'Orage the violoncello school in France travelled : ;
au moulin, comic opera, 18G7 (in Flemish, in Germany when young, and was a pupil
under the title Marldes op Jacht, Theatre of a Bohemian named Kozecz on the bass-
du Cirque, the same year) Le couteau de viol, an instrument on which he excelled,
;
Castille, op6ra-boufe, 18G7, which was also but he gave it up for the
violoncello. In
sriven at the Galeries Saint-Hubert, 1868. 1739 he made his first appearance in Paris at
He has composed the following operas, still the Concerts Spirituels. Among his pupils
unpublished Le dernier des Mohicans, were Cupis, the two Jansons, and Dupont
:
Madame Putiphar, Les poltrons, Lowely, aine. He published four concertos for vio-
and has published about fiftyromances lin, and thi-ee books of sonatas for violin
(Brussels, Schott). Fctis, Supplement, i. and bass. Fetis Mendel. ;
80. BERTELINIAN, JAN GEORG, born at

BERTALI, ANTONIO, born at Verona, Amsterdam, Jan. 21, 1782, died there, Jan.
1G05, died in Vienna, April 1, 1669. Dra- 25, 1854. Composer, pupil of the blind or-
matic composer, became court musician at gan-virtuoso Brachthuijzer professor at the ;
Vienna in 1637, and Hof-Kapellmeister in Royal School of Music, Amsterdam, member

1649. AVorks
Operas: L' inganno d' of the Accademia di Sta. Cecilia, Rome.
amore, Vienna, 1653 Teti, ib., 1656 II He formed many eminent pupils, among
; ;
Re Gelidoro, ib., 1659 Gli amori di Apol- whom were Stumpff, Richard Hoi, Van
;
lo, ib., 1660 II Giro crescente, ib., 1661

;
Bree, etc. Order of the Lion. Works: Grand ;
L' Alcindo, ib., 1665 Cibele e Ati, ib., cantata with orchestra, Amsterdam, 1836
;
;
1666 ; La contessa dell' aria e dell' acqua, Other cantatas ; Motets ; Mass ; Requiem ;
ib., 1667. Oratorios : Maria Magdaleua, Two overtures ; String quartets Concertos ;
1663 Oratorio sacro ; La strega degl' in- for clarinet ; do. for double bass Etudes ;
;
nocenti, 1665. Cantatas, performed in Vi- for violin ; Pianoforte, and violin pieces.
enna, 1631-46 Thesaurus musicus (1671) Viotta.
; ;
Jlass Suonata a nove Sonatas for 2 vio-

;
BERTELSMANN, ;
AUGUST, KARL
lins and bass Magnificat. Fetis ;
Gerbei-, born at Giltersloh,
Westphalia, in 1811, died;
N. Lex. Schilling. at Amsterdam, Nov. 20, 1861. Composer,

;
BERTANI, LELIO, born at Brescia pupil of Rinck at Darmstadt instructor of ;
he
about 1520, died there in 1600. Maestro, vocal music at the seminary at Soest,
175
:
BERTHA
went in the same capacitj' to Amsterdam iu Johann Schneider as court organist. Works
1838, and assumed the dhectiou of the Petrus, oratorio ; Symphony Concert ; over-
newly founded Eutonia there in 1839. ture for orchestra Missa solennis Other
; ;
Works 12 four -part songs for mixed

: church music ; Pianoforte pieces, and songs.
voices, op. 3 Choruses for male voices
; ;
Mendel.
Hymn for do. ; Songs, with pianoforte ; Or- BERTHOLDO. See Bertoldo.
gan, and pianoforte music. Fiitis ; Viotta. BERTIN, LOUISE ANGELIQUE, bom
BERTHA, ALEX.\^DER VON, born at at the Roches, near Paris, Feb. 15, 1805,
Pesth, Hungary, contemporary. Instru- died iu Paris, Dramatic
April 2G, 1877.
mental composer, pupU iu Pesth of Mosonyi comjjoser, jjianist, and contralto singer, pu-
and of A. Feley, and at Leipsic and Berlin pil of Fetis. Works Operas Le loup- :
of Hauptmaun, Moscheles, and Hans von garou, given in Paris, 1827 Faust, ib., ;
Billow. He settled afterwards iu Paris. 1831 Notre Dame de Paris, ib., 1836, the
;
Works : Symphony ;
Quartets ; Sonatas ;
libretto of which was adaj)ted by Victor
Hougroises, etc. ; National hymn (gold Hugo. She also published a collection of
medal). Fetis, Supplement, i. 80. Six Ballades, and left uniûblished a Prayer ;
BERTHAUME, ISIDORE, born in Paris, Hymne a Apollon, Le retour dAgamemnon ;
1752, died in St. Petersburg, March 20, besides other vocal music and symphonies
1802. Violinist, played with success iu for chamber music. Fetis; do.. Supple-
public when nine became first
years old, ment, i. 81.
violin in the Opera orchestra, and conductor BERTIN, T. DE LA DOUE, born in
of the Concerts Sj)irituels iu 1783. He went Paris in 1G80, died there in 1745. Dra-
on a concert tour during the Revolution, matic composer took Lulli's ; works for his
was appointed Conzertmeister to the Duke model. He was pianoforte teacher in the
of Oldenburg at Eutin iu 1703, and a few Orleans family, organist of the Theatine
years later went to St. Petersburg, as solo- Church, and in 1714-34 violinist and ac-
violinist in the imperial orchestra. companist at the Opera. Works Operas
Works : :
Sonatas for violin, iu the style of Lolli Sis Cassandre (with Bouvart), given in 1706
; ;
solos for do., op. 2 6 duos, op. 3

; Sona- Diomede, 1710 Ajax, 1716 Le jugement
; ; ;
tas, op. 4 Concerto for violin, op. 5 Sym- de Paris, 1718 Les plaisirs de la campagne.
; ; ;
phonic concertante, for 2 violins, op. 6 ;

; ;
Sonatas for jDianoforte, with violin, op. 7 ;

BERTESn, DOJklENICO, born at Lucca,
Six sonatinas for pianoforte, op. 8. Fetis ;
June 26, 1829, still living, 1888, at Flor-
Gerber, N. Lex. ; Schilling. ence. Dramatic composer and singer, pujjil
BERTHOLD, (KARL FRIEDRICH) under Pacini of the School of Music at
THEODOR, born at Dresden, Dec. 18, Lucca, where he won all the first prizes ;
1815, died there, April 28, 1882. Com- and, after the eamisaigns of 1848-49, in
poser, pupil of Julius Otto and of Johann which he took part, jjupil of Michele Puc-
Schneider. He went In 1853 he became maestro concerta-
with a noble family to cini.
Little Russia in 1841, and became inspector tore of the theatre at Lucca, in 1857 director
of music at the Ladies' Seminary at Charkov of the musical institute at Massa Carrara,
in 1843, and at the Patriotic Seminary in and in 18G2 settled at Florence, where
St.Petersburg in 1849. He was made also he made himself known as conductor of the
professor of composition in the Imperial Societa Cherubini, and as a musical critic.
Chapel, and organist and musical director Works : Non ti scordar di me, Cinzica Sis-
of the Lutheran Church of St. Ann.a. He mondi, operas Cantata Mass Magnificat ; ; ;
founded the Oratorio Society of St. Anna, for 4 voices and orchestra Songs. Fetis, ;
and in 1864 was called to Dresden to succeed Supplement, i. 82 Mendel, Ergiinz., 35. ;
176
:
BERTINI
BERTINI, HENRI (JEROME), bom in more modern style, and better adapted to
London, Oct. 28, 1798, died at Meyl.an, further the ends of the more brilliant tech-
near Grenoble, nique of our day, but the "Ecole de lamu-
France, Oct. 1, 1876. sique d'ensemble," a collection of preludes
His father was a and fugues by Sebastian Bach arranged for
clever composer and four hands, is still of interest. Of Bertini's
pianist. The young other compositions, the following are the
Henri studied the pi- most important 6 trios for pianoforte and
:
anoforte first under strings (Paris, Lemoine) ; .5 serenades for

his father and then and strings (ib.)
pianoforte ! sextets ;
under his elder (ib.) Nonet for pianoforte and wind in-
;
brother, Auguste, struments. The following ai-e posthumous

who was a pujiil of Clenienti. He began works 3 nonets for pianoforte and wind
:
playing in public at an early age, and when instruments 3 .symphonies for jiianoforte
;
only twelve years old left Paris on a concert and orchestra 20 pieces for the pianoforte
; ;
tour through the Low Countries and Ger- a Pie Jesu composed foi', and sung at, Ber-
many. The admiration his talent excited tini's funeral. Grove, i. 236.
did not dissuade him from pursuing his BERTINI, SALVATORE, boru at Pa-
studies diligently under his father's guid- lermo in 1721, died there, Dec. 16, 1794.
ance. On his return to Paris he began his Dramatic composer, first instructed by Poz-
studies in composition, and then went to zudo, tlien pupil of Leo at the Conservatorio
live for some time in England and Scotland. della Pieta, Naj^les. Having declined a
In 1821 he retui-ned to Paris, where he re- call to St. Petersburg, from religious
mained, with few interruptions, until about scruples, he became afterwards maestro di
1856, when he retired to ]\Ieylan, breaking cappella in his native city, succeeding David
off all relations with the public, both as Perez, who had gone to Lisbon. He brought
pianist and composer he had bought some out successfully several operas in Palermo,
;
land at Meylan, and continued to live there Rome, and Naples, and wrote oratorios,
in seclusion until his death, composing only masses, psalms, and other church music,
now and then for a society of orpheouists, among which are deserving of special notice
of which he was president. He is said to a Requiem mass, composed for the ob-
have refused the decoration of the Legion sequies of Charles IH., 1790, a Miserere for
of Honour, offered him by the Government two choruses, and a do. for four voices.
of July. Bertini was equally eminent as a
Fetis; Mendel.
composer and a pianist his grace and purity
; BERTOLDO, SPER' IN DIO (Sperandio).
of style, as well as his high natural gifts, born at Modena in 1530, died at Padua, Aug.
compel admiration. Ho was a classicist in 13, 1570. Renowned contrapuntist and or-
the best sense, and made a stand against ganist at the cathedral at Padua. Works
the prevailing light salon-vii-tuosity of his Madrigali a cinque voci (Venice, 1561) do., ;
day in France, much as Schumann and second book (ib., 1562); Toccate, ricercate
Mendelssohn did in Germany. He is best e canzoni per 1' organo (ib., 1591). The
known to-day by his pianoforte studies, of first two are in the Royal Library, Municli.
which there are 29 sets almost all of these
; Fetis.
were originally published bj- Lemoine in BERTON, FRANyOIS, born in Paris,
Paris, but other editions have been printed May 3, 1784, died there, July 15, 1832.
in most of the large cities in Eiu-ope and Dramatic composer, illegitimate son of
America. These studies have been largely Henri Montan Berton and Mile Maillard,
superseded to-day by similar works in a a famous singer pupil at the Conserva- ;
BERTON
toire, where be was i^rofessor of singing in I'Epreuve, given in Paris,]
Comedie Italienne,
1821-27. Works Monsieur Desbosquets,

: 1787 ; Cora, Academic Royale de Musique,
Theatre Feydeau, IblO Le present de
;
1789 Les brouilleries, Comedie Italienne,
;
uoces, ou le pari. Opera Comique, 1810 ;

1789 Les rigueurs du cloitre, Le Nouveau
;
Jeune et vieille (with Pradher), 1811 Ni- ;

d'Assas, ib., 1790 Les deux sentineUes, ;
nette a la cour, Opera, 1811 Les caquets, ;

Theatre Favart, 1791 Eugene, Theatre Fey- ;
Theatre Feydeau, 1821 Une heure d'ab-

;
deau, 1793 Agricole Viala, ou le Heros de
;
seuce, Opera Comique, 1827 Chateau d"Ur-; la durance, ib., 1794 Ponce de Leon, The- ;
tuby, ib., 1831. Fetis do., Supplement, i.

; atre Favart, 1797 Le souper de famille, ;
83. Le denoilmeut inattendu, ib., 1798 Mon- ;
BERTON, HENRI MONTAN, born in tauo et Stephanie, L' Amour bizarre, Le De-
Paris, Sept. 17, lire, ou les Suites d'une erreur, ib., 1799 ;
1767, died there, La nouvelle au camp, I'Opera, 1799 Le ;
April 22, 1844. Grand deuil. Theatre Favart, 1801 Les ;
Dramatic c o m - deux Sous-lieutenants, ou le Concert iiiter-

poser and Tioliu- roinpu. Theatre Feydeau, 1802 Aline, reiue ;
ist, son and de Golconde, OjJera Comique, 1803 La Ro- ;
pupil of Pierre mance, ib., 1804 Delia et Verdikan, Le ;
Montau Berton ;
vaisseau amiral, ib., 1805 Les Maris-gar- ;
pupil of Rej- and yons, ib., 1806 Le Chevalier de Seuanges,

;
Sacchini, and fol- Ninon chez Madame de Scvigne, ib.,

lower of Paisiello. 1808 Franyoise de Foix, ib., 1809 L'En-
; ;
When fifteen levemeut des Sabines, ballet, Foutaine-

years old he was a member of the orchestra bleau, 1810 Le charme de la voix La
; ;
of the Opera (1782), and at nineteen several of victime des arts (with Isouard and Solie),
his oratorios were given at the Concerts Spi- ib., 1811; L 'Enfant prodigue, ballet, O-
rituels, one, Absalon (1786), meeting with pera, 1812 Valentin, ou le Paysan roma-
;
much success. Whentwenty years old he nesque, Opera Comique, 1813 L'Oriflamme ;
wrote his first opera, Promesses de man- (with Mehul, Paer, and Kreutzer), Ojaera,
age, played at the Comedie Italienne in 1814 L'heureux retour, ballet (with Per- ;
1787, which was followed by several others, suis and Kreutzer), 1815 Les dieux rivaux, ;
and some of his best were written between opera-ballet (with Persuis, and Sj)ontini,
this time and 1794. When the Conservatoire Ki-eutzer),Academie Royale, 1816 Feodor, ;
was established he was appointed professor ou le Batelier du Don, Opera Comique,

of harmony, in 1795, and he was director of 1810 Roger de Sicile, I'Opera, 1817 Cori-
; ;
the Italian opera, then called opera buffa, sandre, Opera Comique, 1820 Blanche de ;
in 1807-9. He introduced Mozart's Nozze Provence (with Boieldieu, Cherubini, and

di Figaro in Paris, and began a reform in Paer), Opera, 1821 Virginie, ou les De- ;
French opera, by giving works in which the cemvirs, ib., 1823 Les deux mousque- ;
beauties of harmony and instrumentation taires. Opera Comique, 1824 La mere et ;
were as prominent as fine melodies. In la fille (not de

performed) ; Aline, reine
1815 he became a member of the Institut Golconde, Dugazon), 1825

ballet (with ;
de France, in 1816 Chevalier, and in 1834 Pharamond (with Boieldieu and Kreutzer),
Officer of the Legion of Honour. Professor Academie Royale, 1825 Les Creoles, Opera ;
of composition, and afterwards Inspector at Comique, 1826 Les petits appartements,

;
the Conservatoire. Works Operas Le : ib., 1827. Oratorios : Absalon, Jephte, Da

premier navigateur (1786) Les promesses; vid dans son Temple, Les Bergers de Beth-
de mariage, La dame invisible, ou I'Araant i\ leem, La Gloire de Lyon, iu the Concerts
178
;
BERTON
Spirituels, 1786-90. Cantatas Dramatic composer and organist,
: Jlaiie de 1813.
Seymours, Orphee daus les bois, ib. ;
He went about
Trasi- pupil of Padre Martini.
bule, Hotel de ViUe, 1804 Thesee, Brus- 1745 to
;
Venice, where he became celebrated
sels, 1805 Le Chant du letour (after the as a teacher. He was organist of S. Marco
;
campaign of 1805), Optra Comique, 1807 from 1752, and choir-master of the Con-
;
and many romances, besides several collec- servatorio de' Mendicanti in 1757-97. He
tions of canons. He was the author of visited London in 1778-80, and in 1781-83,
several didactic works " Arbre genealo- to bring out some of his ojjeras, succeeded
;
gique des Accords ;" "Un traitc d'harmonie Galuppi as maestro di cappella at S. Marco
in 1784, and retired to Desenzano in 1810.
His best works, principally oratorios and
church music, were written between 1743
and 1760. Works Operas Orazii ed e :
Curiazii, La Vedova accorta, given in Venice,

1746 Cajetto, ib., Palazzo Labia, 1747 ; ;
Ipermestra, Venice, 1748 Le Pescatrice, ib.,

;
base sur I'Arbre getiealogique " " Diction- ; 1752 ; Ginevra, ib., 1753 La Moda, ib., ;
uaire des Accords," -4 vols. (Paris, 1815). 1754; Le Vicende amorose, ib., 1760; La
Futis ; Supplement, i. 82 Mendel
do.. ; bella Girometta, ib., 1761 Amore in Mu- ;
Schilling, 593 Supplement, 43.

i. ;
sica, ib., 1763; Achille in Sciro, L' Ingau-
BERTON, PIERRE JIONTAN, born in natore ingannato, ib., 1704 L' Olympiade, ;
Paris in 1727, died there. May 14, 1780. Naples, 1765 L' Isola di Calipso, dramatic ;
Dramatic eomj)oser and organist. He read cantata, Venice, Palazzo Rezzonico Ales- ;
music at sight when six years old, composed sandro nelle Indie, 1770 L' Anello incan- ;
motets when twelve, which were j^layed at tato, 1771 Andromacca, Venice, 1772 Ai-is-
; ;
the Cathedral of Senlis, and was for several to e Temira, 1774 Orfeo, Venice, 1776
;
;
years a member of the choir of Notre Dame Ezio, Telemacco, ib., 1777; Quinto Fabio,
de Paris. In 1744 he made his debut as Padua and London, 1778 Tancredi, Venice, ;
an opera singer, became chef d'orchestre 1778 Artaserse, London, 1780 Armida, ; ;
at the Opera, Bordeaux, in 1746, and or- Venice, 1781 Eumeue, ib., 1784 Artaserse ; ;
ganist of two churches in that citv. In (second), il.)., 1786 Narbale, Naples, about ;
1755 he became chef d'orchestre at the 1787; Cajo Mario, about 1788; La Nitteti,
Opera in Paris, and director-general in Najiles, 1789 Ifigenia in Aulide, Trieste, ;
177G. Works Operas: Deucalion et Pyr- 1790 Antigouo. Oratorios II Figliuol ; :
rha (with Giraud), 1755 rosiue (words l^rodigo, iêrformed at Sta. Maria della Fava,
;
by Moncrief), 17G8 Sylvia (with Trial), 1747 Perigrinatio ad sanctum Domini se-
; ;
176G; Theonis (with Trial and Granier), pulchrum, 1753 David penitens, Conserva- ;
1707 AdUe de Ponthieu (with Laborde), torio de' Mendicanti, 1775 Joas Susanna
; ; ;
;
1773. He is best known by his arrange- Requiem mass, Chiesa dei Serviti, 1792.
ments of other authors' works. He wrote Among his finest works for the church are
airs for the ballet inCamille by Campra, the psalms, Beatus vir, and Lstatus sum,
for Iphigenie en Tauride by the same, for and the Improperia written for the ducal
Castor and Pollux and Dardanus, by Ra- chapel of S. Marco 6 sonatas for harpsi- ;
meau, introducing the Chaconne de Berton. chord and violin, op. 1 (Berlin, 1789) 6 ;
Fetis ; do.. Supplement, i. 82. quartets for two violins, viola, and violon-
BERTONI, FERDINANDO GKTSEPPE, cello (Venice, 1793) 6 sonatas for liarpsi-
;
born on the island of Salo, near Voiuce, chord (Paris, 1780). Fetis Gerber, Hist. ;
Aug. 15, 1725, died at Desenzano, Dec. 1, Lex. do., N. Lex. Schilling. ; ;
JT9
; ;
BERWALD
BERWALD, JOHANN FRIEDRICH, etc., with do., or quartet Hymn,
graduales, ;
boru iu Stockholm, Sweden, July with chorus and two orchestras Concerto
23, 1788, ;
died there, Sejitember, 1861. Violinist, son for violin, with orchestra Fantaisies for ;
of one of the chamber musicians to the do.; 12 grandes etudes, with pianoforte;
King of Sweden, and pupil of the Abbe Duos, trios, quartets, for strings 12 grand ;
Vogler. Before he was ten years old he duos de concert, for pianoforte and violin
travelled as an infant i^rodigy in 1806 he (with Jules Dejazet) Melodies for violin
; ; ;
became a chamber musician to the king, do. for pianoforte do. for violoncello do. ; ;
and from 1819 until his death he was for one and several voices, etc. Fetis
conductor and Kapellmeister in Stockholm. Mendel.
His three daughters were singers. Works : BEST, WILLIAM THOMAS, boru at
3 polonaises for pianoforte and violin, op. Carlisle, England, Aug.
1, 1791 Symphon}' for orchestra, 1799 3
; ; 13, 1826, still living,
quartets for stringed instruments, 1808 1888. Organist ;
pupil
Sonata for pianoforte, op. 6 and songs. ; of Young, organist of
His cousin, Franz Berwald (born in Stock- Carlisle Cathedral. He
holm, 1796, died there, April 3, 1868), com- has held many impor-
posed much instrumental music, and an tant positions, such as
opera, Estrella de Soria, given in Stock- organist of the Liver-

holm. Ft'tis Gerber, N. Lex. Mendel.
; ;
,-*
pool Philharmonic So-
BESANZONI, FERDINANDO, born at ciety, 1848 of the Pan-
;
Piacenza, Italy, in 1821, 'still living, 1888. opticon of Science and

Dramatic composer became maestro di cap- ; Art, London, 1852; of St. Martin-in-the-
pella of the Italian opera, Berlin, in 1845, but Fields, Loudon, 1852 of Lincoln's Inn
;
soon returned to his native land. His op- Chapel, 1854 of St. George's Hall, Livei"-
;
era, Ruy Bias, was given with much success pool, 1855 of Church of Wallasay, Birken-
;
at Piacenza, 1843. head, 1800 of Holy Trinity, near Liverpool,

;
BESLER, SAMUEL, born at Brieg, Si- 1863 of the Musical Society, Liverpool,
;
Dec. 15, 1574, died iu Breslau, July

lesia, 1808 of Royal Albert Hall, 1871 of the
; ;
19, 1025. Rector of the Gymnasium zum Philharmonic Society, Liverpool, 1872 of ;
Heiligen Geist, Breslau, 1605. A large col- West Derby Church,' 1879. Mr. Best, who
lection of his comijositious are jjreserved is one of the greatest masters of the organ
in the library of St. Bernhardiuus, Breslau, in Great Britain, still holds several of the
among which is a Passion after St. John, most important of these positions, and has
by Baumann (Breslau, 1621). Fe-
I^rinted jjlajed iu manj' of the principal cities of
tis ; Mendel ; Schilling. Europe. He is the author of many com-
BESSEMS, ANTOINE, born Antwerp, positions for the organ and pianoforte, of
at
April 6, 1809, died in Paris, Oct. 19, 1868. church services, anthems, hymns, and minor
Violinist, pupil of Baillot at the Conserva- vocal pieces, and of several standard didactic
toire, Paris for several years first violin at works.
; His anthems are in constant use iu
the Theatre Italien, then made a concert English churches. Grove Mendel Brown. ; ;
tour through Belgium, Germany, Italy, and BE THOU FAITHFUL UNTO DEATH.
England, returned to Paris, and in 1847- See Se'l getreu bis in den Tod.
52 conducted the orchestra of the Societe BETLY, Italian opera in two acts, text
Royale d'Harmonie at Antwerp. Works: and music by Donizetti, first represented in
3 masses for four voices and orchestra 2 Najjles, 1836 and in Paris, at the Opera,
; ;
psalms for do. Several motets, with or- Dec. 27, 1853, in a French translation by
;
chestra or organ ; Canticles, oflertories. Hippolyte Lucas. Donizetti's text is an
180
;
BETULIA
adaptation of "Le clialet," by Scribe aud iu London, Oct. 29, 1853. Church com-
Melesville (music by Adam, 1834), wbicli iu poser, pupil of Dr. Zechariab Buck, under
turn is from Goetbe's " Jery und Biitely." whom he was a chorister in the cathedral.
Betly was unsuccessful in Paris, notwitb- He became organist in Boston, Lincoln-
standing tbat the jnincipal cbaracter was shire, and iu 184G graduated at Oxford as
sustained byMadame Bosio. Betly was one Bacbelor of Music in 1848 he was ap- ;
of Alboni's favourite parts. St. Helen's, London,

pointed organist of
BETULIA TJBERATA and in 1849 received the degree of Doctor
(Betbulia Freed),
Italian sacred drama iu two parts, text by of Music at Cambridge. Works hrad :
Metastasio, music by Georg Reutter, com- Restored, oratorio, given at Norwich Mu-
posed by command of tbe Emperor Charles sical Festival, 18.52, and reproduced iii
VI., and first rejwesented in tbe Imperial 1879 Church anthems (London) Set of
; ;
Chapel, Vienna, 1734. Subject from the fugues for organ (ib.) Songs and part ;
apocbryphal book of Judith. Scene, the songs Organ music. Grove Brown. ; ;
city of Betbulia. Chai'acters represented BIAGI, ALAMANNO, born in Florence,

:
Ozia, Prince of Betbulia Giuditta, widow Dec. 20, 1806, died there, June 26, 1861.
;
of Manasseh Aniital, a noble Israelitish Violinist, pupil of tbe Florence Academy

;
;
maiden Acbior, Prince of tbe Ammonites became one of the ablest orchestra conduc-
; ;
Cabri and Carmi, leaders of tbe people tors of his time, aud conducted for many
;
chorus of inbabitauts of Betbulia. The years the music at the grand-ducal court of
same libretto was set, probably iu 1771, by Tuscan}-. He has left compositions in every
Mozart, and performed at Padua during branch, excepting the dramatic among bis ;
Lent in 1772 (publisbed by Breitkopf & instrumental works, a quartet for strings,
Hiirtel, Mozart's Werke, Cantaten und Ora- which won a jjrize, is especially noteworthy.
torien, No. 4) also by Cafl'aro, and repre-
;
Fetis do.. Supplement, i. 87. ;
sented in Naples about 1778. BIAGI, ALESSANDRO, born at Flor-

BEVIN, EL WAY, born in Wales, flour- ence, Jan. 20, 1819, died, Feb. 28, 1884.
ished towards tbe end of the reign of Eliz- Pianist, fir.st instructed by one of his broth-
abetb. Organist, pupil of Tallis, ou whose ers, then at tbe Academy pupil of Geremia
recommendation be was apjjointed organist Sbolci and Palafuti on the pianoforte, and
of tbe cathedral of Bristol. His onlj' com- of Nencini in counterpoint he won the ;
position known to-day is tbe first service of first i^rize in both classes, and in 1857 be-
four aud five parts, ijublished in Barnard's came professor at the Academy, succeeding
collection First Book of selected Church Palafuti.
: Works La secchia rapita, opera :
Musick (1C41). Grove Fetis. ; buffii, given at Florence, Teatro de la Per-
BEYER, JOHANN SAMUEL, born at gola, 1830 Gonzalvo di Cordova, opera, ;
Gotba in 1GG9, died at Carlsbad, Bohemia, ib., Teatro Nazionale, 1857 Cantico di Zac- ;
May 9, 1744. Composer, cantor at Frei- caria, for four voices, cboiiis, and orchestra
berg, 1697, at Weissenfels, 1722, tben di- (1858); Padre Nostro (Dante); Pianoforte
rector of music at Freiberg, 1728. Works pieces and songs.
: Fctis, Supph'meut, i.
Pianoforte music, chiefly instructive ; Pri- 88.
mse linese musicse vocalis (Freiberg, 1703) BL\L, RUDOLF, born at Habelschwerdt,
Musikalischer Vorratb neu variirter Fest- Silesia, Aug. 26, 1834, died iu New York,
Cboral-Gesange (ib., 1710) Geistlieb musi- Nov. 13, 1881. Violinist, until 1853, in the
;
kaliscbe Seelenfreude, containing 72 con- theatre orchestra at Breslau, tben made

cert arias (ib., 1724). Fetis; Mendel. a concert tour to Africa and Australia
BEXFIELD, WILLIA]M RICHARD, born with his brother, the pianist Karl Bial
at Norwich, England, April 27, 1824, died (born in 1833) settled in Berlin, where he ;
BIANCA
was Conzertmeister of Kroll's orcbestra, der Alcina, given in Berlin, 1794 Fileno e ;
then (1864) Kapellmeister at tbe Walluer Clorinda, intermezzo pastorale, ib., 1796 ;
Theater, later director of the Italian ojj- Die Eutfiihrung, oder das Feldlager, by De-
era, and finally established a concert en- seuzano, ballet French and ItaUan songs.
;
terprise in New York. Works : Herr von Fetis ; Gerber, N. Lex.; Mendel.
Papillon, operetta, text by Fellechuer, given BIANCHI, ELIODORO, Italian com-
in Berlin, Wallner Theater, January, 1870 ;
poser, contemporary. He is the author of
Der Liebesriug, opera butia, three acts, Gara d' amore, Italian opera, rejsreseuted
text by Fellechner, ib., Friedrich-Wilhelm- at Bari, July, 1873.
stildtisches Theater, Dec. 4, 1875 Ein ;
BI.INCHI, FRANCESCO, born at Cre-
kluger JMaun, ib., January-, 187G Many or- ;
mona, Italj-, in 1752, died by suicide at
chestral pieces.
Mendel. Hammersmith, London, Nov. 27, 1810.
BIANCA or, The Bravo's Bride, grand
; Dramatic composer. At iirst maestro di cap-
opera in four acts, text by Palgrave Simp- pella in Cremona, he became a member of
son, music by Balfe, represented at Covent the orchestra of the Italian Ojêra, Paris, in
Garden, London, Dec. 6, 18G0. The libretto 1775, assistant conductor of S. Ambrogio,
is founded on Matthew Gregory Lewis's Milan, in 1784, and second organist of S.
romance, " The Bravo of Venice " (1804), Marco, Venice, in 1785. About 1796 he
which also served as a melodrama under the went to London, where he was connected
title of " Rugantino " (1805). This opera, for seven years with the King's Theatre.
jjroduced by the Pyne Harrison Company, During the last ten years of his life he was
achieved a legitimate success. Barret, occupied chiefly in teaching, numbering
Balfe, 235. among his pupils Sir Henry Bishop and
BIANCA CAPELLO, opera, text by Jules others who won eminence. His operas,
Barbier, musicby Salomon, represented at pleasing but with little originahty, are now
Antwerp, Feb. 1, 188G. It had a moderate forgotten. Works Operas La reduction :
success. de Paris, given in Paris, Comedie Italienne,

BIANCA E FALIERO, Italian opera, text 1775 Le mort marie, ili., 1777 Castor e
; ;
after Manzoni's " Coute di Carmaguola," Polluce, Florence, 1780 ; Venere e Adone,
music bj' Rossini, represented at La Scala, ib., 1781 II trionfo della pace, Venice,
;
Milan, Dec. 26, 1819. One of Rossini's 1782 Demofooute, Ai-bace, ib., 1783 Cajo
; ;
failures some of its best numbers were

; Mario, Naples, 1784 Briseide, Turin, 1784 ;
;
transferred by him to other operas. La caccia d' Enrico IV., Venice, 1784 As- ;
BLANCA E FERNANDO, Italian opera, parde, jirincipe Battriano, Rome, 1784 H ;
music by Bellini, represented at Naples, Medonte, Reggio, 1785 II dissertore, Ven- ;
June 30, 1826. Interpreted by Rubini, ice, 1785 La villanella rapita, 1785 Pi- ; ;
Lablache, and Mme Mt'ric-Lalande, this ramo e Tisbe, La vergiue del sole, Venice,
work met with success, but it is now for- 1786 Scipione Africano, La secchia rapita,
;
gotten. Naples, 1787 L' orfauo della China, Ven- ;
BIANCHI, ANTONIO, born in Milan in ice, 1787 Pizarro, ib., 1788 Mesenzio, Na- ; ;
1758, died (?). Dramatic singer and com- ples, 1788 Alessaudi-o nell' Indie, Brescia, ;
poser, made his musical studies in Milan, 1788; Tarara, Venice, 1788; B ritratto,
and appeared successfully there, and at Naples, 1788 L' Inglese stravagante, Bo- ;
Genoa, Paris, and Hanover. For a time in logna, 1789 H gatto, Brescia, 1789 La ; ;
the service of the Duke of Nassau, he ob- morte di Giulio Cesare, Venice, 1789 L' ;
tained an engagement in Berlin in 1793-97, Arniinio, Florence, 1790 La dama bizarra, ;
then sang in Hamburg, Breslau, Di-esden, Rome, 1790; Cajo Ostilio, ib., 1791; Se-
Leipsic, and Brunswick. Works Die Insel leuco, Leghorn, 1792; II finto Astrologo,
:
182
BIANCllI
Turiu, 1792 ; La capricciosa ravveduta, Emperor Leopold I., besides other gifts,
Venice, 1793 ; L' Olandese in Venezia, ib., presented him with a patent of uobility.
1794 ; Lo stravagante, ib., 1795 ;
Zenobia, He was probably the first German who tried
above the
Inez de Castro, Aci e Galatea, London, to raise the art of violin writing
Meropo level of a mere display of virtuosity his
1797; Seiuiramide, Venice, 1798; ;
work), London, 1790. Oratorios style, if closely related to that of his best
(his best :
Agar Joas.- Fetis do., Siipijlemeiit, i. 88 Italian contemporaries, is noted for a cer-
; ; ;
Gerber, N. Lex.; Schilling. tain Teutonic severity and pathos. Judg-

BIANCHI, PIETRO ANTONIO, boiu in iu"' from his compositions, his technique,
Venice about 1530. Vocal composer, cano- both in double-stopping and bowing, was
uicus regularis of S. Salvatore, Venice, then very considerable he seems to have been
;
chaplain of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria. the first to alter the usual tuning of the
Most of his works are lost those still ex- ;
violin to facilitate polyphonic inlaying in
tant are : Canzoni Napoletaue a tre voci otherwise unfavorable keys. He was liber-
(Venice, 1572) ; Sacri concentus, octo voci- ally patronized by the princes Ferdinand
bus, etc. (ib., 1609) Motets in Abraham Marie and Maximilian Emanuel of Bavaria,
;
Schad's "Promptuarium musicuuj." Fetis and during the latter part of his life he ex- ;
Gerber, N. Lex. Schilling. ;

ercised the functions of high steward and
BIANCIARDI, FRANCESCO, born at maestro di cappella to the Prince Ai'cli-
Casola, near Siena, Italy, in the last quarter bishop of Salzburg. Published works Six :
(Salzburg,
of the 16th century, died at Siena, aged sonatas for violin and continuo
thirty-five. He is said to have been one of 1681 ; the sixth of these in Ferdinand David's
the first contrapuntists who wrote on the "Hohe Schule des Violinspiels," Leii>
basso continuo. He was maestro di cap- sic, Breitkopf & Hiirtel) Fidicinium sacro- ;
pella of the cathedral at Siena about IGOO, jsrofanum, 12 sonatas for four and five in-
and Accademico intronato. Works 3 books struments (Nuremberg, no date) Harmonia : ;
of motets, for 4, 5, 6, and 8 voices (Venice, artificioso-ariosa in septem partes vel parti-
Gardano, 1596-1607) 4 books of motets ;
tas distributa, for 3 instruments (Nurem-
for 2, 3, and 4 voices, with organ (1599- berg, no date) ; Souat:e du?e tarn aris quam
1608) 3 books of motets without organ
;
aulis servientes (Salzburg, 1676) ; Vesperpe
(1600) 2 books of masses for 4 and 8

;
longiores ac breviores, una cum litauis Laure-
voices, without organ (Venice, Gardano, tanis a quatuor vocibus, duobus violin, et
1604-5) ; Psalms for 4 voices (Venice, 1604). duabus violis in concerto, additis quatuor
Fetis ; Mendel ; Schilling. vocibus in capella, atque tribus trombonis
BIBER, HEINEICH JOHANN FRANZ ex ripienis desumendis ad libitum (Salz-
VON, born in burg, 1693). The MS. of a Dramma musi-
Wartenberg, Bo- cale is in the Salzburg Museum. Biber's
hemia, in 1644, portrait was engraved in Germany in his

died in Salzburg, thirty-sixth year.
Wasielewski, Die Violine
May 3, 1704. und ihre Meister, 148 Grove, i. 240.
;
He was a famous BIBL, ANDREAS, born in Vienna, April

violinist and 8, 1797, died there, April 30, 1878. Organ-
composer for the ist, pupil of Josef Preindl, and so proficient
violin, and one became organist of the parish church
that he
of the chief, if of St. Leopold in 1816, and of St. Stephen's
not the chief, Cathedral and St. Peter's Clinrch in 1818.
founders of the German violin school.
His Works For organ 12 preludes, op. 3 (Vi-
:
reputatiou was great in his day, and the enna, Diabelli) ,

; 32 versets, op. 7 (ib.) ;
do.
183

BIBLIS
cadences, op. 10 (ib.) ; 3 preludes, op. 11 BIEREY, GOTTLOB BENEDICT, born

(ib.) ; do., op.
; 15 (Vienna, in Dresden, July 25, 1772, died at Breslau,
13 (ib.) do., op.
Haslinger) Preludes for use at church May 5, 1840. Dramatic composer ; pupil
;
festivals, op. 12 (Vienna, Diabelli) ; 20 pre- of his father, a professor of music, and of
ludes for requiem masses, op. 16 (ib.) ;
Weinlig in harmony and composition. He
Fugue, op. 17 (ib.) Prelude and fugue, ;
was director of music in several travelling
op. 23 (ib.) 2 fugues on themes by Al-
; opera companies, and in 1807 in Vienna,
brechtsberger (ib.) do. on themes by ;
where Lis opera of Wladimir was played
Preindl (ib.). Church music Salve Eegina : with much success. This procured him the
for four voices and organ, op. 5 (Vienna, appointment of Kapellmeister at Breslau to
Mechetti) 3 Ave Maria for do., op. 6 (ib.)
; ;
succeed C
M. von Weber, and in 1824 he
2 Tantum ergo for do., op. 8 (Vienna, Dia^ became director of the theatre there. He
belli) ; In te Domine speravi, gradual for i resigned in 1828, and lived alternately at
voices, 2 violins, viola, violoncello, double- Leipsic, Weimar, Wiesbaden, and Mainz,
bass, and organ, oj). 9 (ib.) Lsetamini in but ultimately returned to Breslau. Works
; :
Domino, offertory for tenor, chorus, 2 vio- Of his 26 operas, mostly comic, the most
lins, viola, violoncello, double-bass, organ, prominent are Der Zauberhain, given at :
2 oboes, 2 trumpets, trombones, and drums, Ballenstiidt, 1799 Das Blumenmiidchen, ;
op. 18 (ib.) Ave Maria, gradual for 4 Leipsic, 1802 Klara, Herzogin von Breta-
; ;
voices, 2 violins, viola, violoncello, double- nien, ib., 1803 Rosette, das Schwerzermiid- ;
bass, organ obligato, 2 clarinets, and 2 bas- chen, ib., 1806 Der Uberfall, Breslau, ;
soons, op. 19 (ib.) Mass for 4 voices, 2 1809 Der Gemsenjiiger, Das unsichtbare
; ;
violins, viola, bass, 2 clarinets, 2 horns, 2 Miidchen, ib., 1811 Almazinde, oder die ;
trumpets, drums, and organ, op. 20 (Vi- Hohle Sesam, Berlin, 1814 Pj-ramus und ;
enna, Haslinger) Tantum ergo for soprano, Thisbe, Breslau, 1814 Der Apfeldieb Jery
; ; ;
chorus, and oi'chesfra, op. 21 (ib.) do. for und Bsitely Der Madchenmarkt Die bose
; ; ;
contralto, chorus, and orchestra, op. 22 (ib.). Frail Liebesabenteuer Der betrogene Be- ; ;
His son Rudolf (born in Vienna, Jan. C, triiger. Cantatas Die Sachsen im Lager :
;
1832) jiupil of Sechter, became organist at Das Opfer der Menschenliebe Die Feier ;
St. Stephen's in 1859, and of the Imperial des Friihlings (3 under this title) Der Sieg ;
Chajiel in 1SG3. He has composed church Amors II Tributo di rispetto e d' amore, ;
and chamber music of considerable merit. cantata on the death of Duke Ferdinand of
Allgem. "Wiener mus. Zeitg. (1811), No. Brunswick Das Erndtefest L' Inverno, ; ;
34 Fc'tis Wurzbach.
; ; ovvero la provida pastorella Osterkantate ;
BIBLIS, opera in five acts, text by Fleury, (Leipsic, 1805) Overtures and marches for ;
music by Lacoste, represented at the Opera, orchestra Several collections of songs with ;
Paris, Nov. 6, 1732. Subject, the love of pianoforte (Berlin, Leipsic, and Breslau).
Byblis for her own brother Caunus, as re- Allgem. d. Biogr., ii. 628 Allgem. mus. ;
lated by Ovid (Met., ix. 446-4G5). Zeit., iv. 516 vi. 207, 803 xiii. 241, 843 ; ; ;
BIEGO, PAOLO, born in Venice about xlii. 506 Fi'tis Gerber, N. Lex. Schil- ; ; ;
1650. Dramatic composer, author of tbeoiê- ling.

ras Ottone il Grande, given in Venice, 1688
: BIFFI, ANTONIO, flourished in Venice,
;
Fortuna tra le disgrazie, Pertinace, ib., 1689. died there in March, 1736. Dramatic com-
BTELATI, ALESSANDRO, Italian composer, pupil of Legrenzi became maestro ;
poser, born at Genoa, contemporary. He di cappella at San Marco in 1701, and was
is author of 11 conscritto, opera buffa, also professor at the Conservatorio de'
given at San Pietro d' Arena, Piedmont, Mendicanti. Works II Figliuolo prodigo, :
1841 ; and Ettore Fieramosca. given in Venice, 1704 ; 7 psalms for two
184
;
BIFFI
and three voices (iu BIJOU PERDU, LE (The Lost Jewel),

the Eoyal Library,
Berlin). A large number
opera-comique in three acts, text by de
of Ins composi-
tions is to be found in the Santini col- Leuven and de Forges, music by Adolj)he
lection, Rome.
Fi'tis; Nemeitzen, Nachlese Adam, rej^resented at the Theatre Lyrique,
besonderer Naclirichten von Italien (Leipsie, Paris, Oct. G, 1853. Subject, the history
172(i), '49. of a watch which passes from hand to hand,
BIFFI, GIUSEPPE, born at Cesano, from the boudoir of Mme Coquilliere, to
Lombardy, about the middle of the Ifith the Marquis d'Angennes and others, until it
century. Vocal composer, maestro di cap- comes into the possession of Toinette, the
pella to Cardinal Andrea Battori, after- gardener's daughter, who restores it to the
wards court composer to the Duke of Wiir- marquis on condition that he relieves her
teinberg. "Works: Libro di madrigali a lover from militar}' duty.
quattro voci (Brescia, 1582) ; do. a cinque BILDER AUS OSTEN (Pictures from
voci (Venice, 159!)) do. (Milan) do. a sei the East), 6 inqiromptus for pianoforte for
; ;
voci (Nuremberg, IGOO) Cantiones sex vo- four hands, by Robert Schumann, op. 66,
;

cum (Nurendjerg, 1596). Fetis Mendel. composed in 1848. Dedicated to Frau Lida
;
BIGAGLIA, Padre DIOGENIO, lived in Bendemann (born Schadow). Orchestral

Venice about the beginning of the 18th transcription by Reinecke. First published,
century. Dramatic composer Benedictine Fr. Kistner (Leipsie, 1849) edition of Breit-
; ;
monk of the convent of S. Giorgio Maggiore. kopf & Hiirtel, Schumann's Werke, Series
Works Giaele, opera, given in Venice, 1731 VI., No. 2.
:
Dodici sonate a violino solo ossia flauto (Am- BILETTA, EMANUELE, Italian com-
sterdam, 1725) Siam soli, Erminie, cantata poser, contemporarj-.
; He is the author of
In Serena coeli scena, motet for alto solo, La rose de Florence, opera in two acts,
two violins, viola, violoncello, and organ. text by Saint-Georges, represented at the
Mail}' of his MS. works are j^reserved in the Opera, Paris, Nov. 10, 1856.
convent of his order.Gerber, N. Lex. Men- BILHON (Billon), JEAN DE, French
;
del Nemeitzen, Nachrichten von Italien, 53. composer of the end of the 15th and begin-
;
BIGATTI, CARLO, born in Milan, Feb. ning of the 16th century. He resided in
12, 1779, died there in November, 1854. Rome, where he was a singer in the Pon-
Dramatic composer, pupil of Vincenzo C'a- tifical Chapel. In its archives are masses
nobbio on the pianoforte, then at Bologna by him, composed on themes of old French
of Padre Mattel, and at Loreto of Zingarelli. chansons. Other works may be found in
In 1801 he went to France, spent several different collections.- Fetis.
years at Marseilles, and returned in 1809 to BILLERT, KARL FRIEDRICH AU-
MUan, where he afterwards became maes- GUST, born at Pomerania,
Alt-Stettin,
tro di cappella at Santa JIaria Jlaggiore. Sept. 14, 1821, died in Berlin, Dec. 22,
Works II Fanatico, opera bufl'a, given at
: 1875. Di'amatic comjDOser, pupil of the
Marseilles, 1804 Theodore et Jenny, ; musical director Montu on the pianoforte,
French opera, ib., 1808 L' Amante prigio- ; and of Karl Loewe, then studied in Berlin
niero, Milan, Scala, 1809 L' Albergo nia- ; at the Organ Institute and iu the composi-
gico, ib., Teatro di Sta. Radegonda, 1811 ;
tion class of the Royal Academy, w'here be
La Scoperta inaspettata Astuzie contra as- ; took the first prize in 1847. He greatly
tuzie I Furbi al cimento, Venice, 1819
; ;
influenced musical life in Berlin, founded
Symphouie concertante for two horns, with a singing society, and after 1857 devoted
orchestra O sacrum convivium, for three
; himself to researches and writing, especially
voices Theme and variations for pianoforte.
; in the field of musical archaeology and the
Fetis Mendel. ; science of instruments. Grand gold medal
165
; ;
BILLET
for science aucl
art. Works Yîsilauti, ft w tunes that had been brought from Eng-
:
opera (IbiTj Der Liebesring, do. Christi land. Being entirely self-taught, his theo-
; ;
Geburt, oratorio Symphony in D major

; retical knowledge of music was very limited,
;
Te Deum, for cborus, orchestra, and mili- but his pieces give evidence of some talent,
tary baud (for the coronation of King and at one time his music became so pop-
WiUiam L); Cantata for the silver wed- ular that it was used in the churches almost
ding of King William (Berlin, Schlesinger) exclusively. He published six collections
Psalms Overtures
; Sacred and secular of music The New England Psalm Singer
; :
songs.
Mendel. (1770) The Singing Masters Assistant ;
BILLET, ALEXANDRE PHILIPPE, (1778) Music in Miniature (1779) The ; ;
born of Fi-ench parents, at St. Petersburg, Psalm Singer's Amusement (1781) The ;
March U, 1S17, still living, 1888. Pianist, Suffolk Harmony (1786) The Continental ;
pujoil of Ziranierniann at the Conservatoire, Harmony (1794). In these collections the

which he entered in 1833. In 183.5 tunes were, with few exceptions, his own.
Paris,
he won the second prize, and with his The Lord is risei^ indeed, anthem.
brother, who had studied the violoncello at BILLINGTON, THOMAS, born (?), died
the same time, went to Geneva, where both af Naples in May, 1797. Harpist and jji-
taught and appeai-ed succe.ssfully in public anist music teacher and member of the
;
for several years. In 1841 he visited Italy, orchestra at Drury Lane Theatre in Lon-
Germany, and Russia, lived for several years don until 1786, when he elojsed with the
in London, then settled in Paris. His com- afterwards famous singer Elizabeth Billing-
2)ositions, consisting of fantaisies, nocturnes, ton to Dublin, and subsequently accom-
caprices, etudes, etc., for pianoforte, were jjanied her on her travels. According to
published in the several countries he had Grove's dictionary he was not the husband,
visited. Fetis ; Mendel. but 23i"obably the brother-in-law of Eliza-
BILLET DE LOTERIE, LE (The Lot- beth. Works 12 canzonette for two voices
:
tery Ticket), opera-comique in one act, text (London, Preston, 1795-97) ; 6 songs (ib.) ;
by Roger and Creuze de Lesser, music by 6 sonatas for pianoforte (ib.) Sonata for 4 ;
Isouard, rejiresented at the Opera Comique, hands (Amsterdam, Schmidt) Sonata for ;
Paris, Sept. 14, 1811. It had a prolonged harjisichord with violin (Paris, 1796) Ma- ;
"
success in Paris and in the provincial Evening Service
cities. Gray's " Elegy
ria's ; ;
BILLET DE MARGUERITE, LE, opera- Pope's "Elegy to the Memory of an Un-

comitjue in three acts, text by de Leuven fortunate Lady " Pope's " Eloisa to Abe- ;
and Brunswick, music by Gevacrt, repre- lard " 24 ballads to Shenstone's Pastorals
; ;
sented at the Theatre Lyrique, Paris, Oct. Prior's Garland Petrarch's Laura Laura's ; ;
7, 1854. Wedding-day Children in the Wood ; ;
BILLETER, AGATHON, born at Miln- Young's "Night Thoughts;" Glees (all in

nedorf, Ziirich, Nov. 21, 1834, died at Burg- London, Clementi). Fetis Gerber, N. Lex. ;
dorf, Feb. 8, 1881. Vocal com2)oser, pupil Schilling.

of the Leipsic Conservatorium organist BILSE, BENJAMIN, born at Liegnitz,
;
and musical director at Burgdorf, Switzer- Silesia, Aug. 17, 1816, still living, 1888.
land. He has composed very puisular cho- Orchestra conductor, first in his native city,
ruses for male voices.
Riemann. whence for many years he made regular
BILLINGS, WILLIA:M, born in Boston, concert tours, meeting everywhere with brill-
Massachusetts, Oct. 7, 1746, died in Boston, iant success. After his great triumph dur-
Sept. 26, 1800. He has been considered ing the exhibition in Paris, 1867, he settled
the founder of American church music, as in Berlin. He has composed a great num-
before his time the Colonies had only the ber of dances and marches. Mendel.
186
BINCHOIS
BINCHOIS, KGIDE (or Gilles), born at represented at the Opera Comique, Paris, iu
Biucli, uear Moiis, Haiuault, about 1-tOO, 1801. Agenor, a young Athenian, perceiv-
died iu Mous, 1452-14G5. He was a soldier ing that Bion is in love with Nyaa, endeav-
iu Lis youtli iu 1438 Pljilipp the Good ours to throw obstacles iu his way.
;
Bion
grauted him a prebend iu the Cliurch of S. mystifies Agenor and finally wins Nysa.
Waudru at Mous, and iu 1452 lie is men- BIONDINA, twelve melodies to Italian
tioned as second chaplain. Together with words by Zaffira, music by Gounod, iu the
Dufay, Binohois was one of the most famous stj'le of the Tuscan storncllo.
composers of the Flemish

firstschool his BIONI, ANTONIO, born iu Venice iu
;
reputation reached as far as Italy, although 1G98, died after 1738. Dramatic composer,
he seems never to have visited that country. pupil in harmony and counterpoint of Gio-
Very few of his compositions have been pre- vanni Porta. He went to Ferrara in 1722,
served. There is a three-voice mass in the and, as musical director of an Italian opera
Brussels Library, aud some three -voice troupe, to Breslau in 1726. In the next
French chansons iu the libraries of the Vat- nine years he wrote twenty-one operas, and
ican,Rome, and of Paris. Kiesewetter's de- assumed the managemeut of the Italian
ciphering of the song '-Ce mois de Mai," theatre at Breslau in 1730. After the dis-
dedicated to Dufay (iu Gallerie der alteu banding of the troupe in 1733 he is lost
Contrapunktisteu), is jjrobably wrong. Am-
seems to have been iu Vienna
sight of, but
bros, ii. 458. and afterwards probably returned
in 1738,
BINDER, KARL, born iu Vienna, Nov. to Italy. The Elector of Mainz conferred
29, 181G, died there, Nov. 5, 1860. Dra- on him the title of court composer in 1731.
matic composer, Kapellmeister at the Josef- Works Climene, given at Naples, 1721 : ;
stildter Theater of bis native city, 1839-47, Udine, Venice, 1722 Cajo Mario, Mitridate, ;
then in Hamburg, at Presburg, Hungary, Ferrara, 1722 Orlando furioso, Baden, ;
and finally again in Vienna, where he also 1724 Ai'mida abbandouata, Armida al ;
taught vocal music. Works Der Wiener campo, Breslau, 172G Endimione pasto-
: ;

Schusterhut, melodrama, Vienna, about rale, Lucio Vero, Ai'iodante, Attale ed Arsi-
1840 Die drei Wittfrauen, opera, ib., about
;
noe, 1727 Artabauo, Filindo pastorale
ib., ;

1841 Purzel, vaudeville, ib., about 1843
; ;
eroica, Nissa ed Elpino, ib., 1728 La Fede ;
Overture and choruses to the drama Elmar ;

tradita e vendicata, Engelberta, Audromac-
Psalms, with grand orchestra Songs, with ;
1729 Ercole sul Termodonte, ib.,
ca, ib., ;
pianoforte.
Fetis Mendel. ;
Lucio Papirio, Siroe, re di Persia,
1730 ;
BING, JACOB, born blind at Eschenbach, Silvia, ib., 1731 La Verita sconosciuta, ib., ;
Wiirtemberg, July IG, 1821, died at Freiburg, 1732 Alessandro Severo, 1' Odio jjlficato,
;
Breisgau, April 17, 1841. Organist, pianist, Alessandro nell' Indie, ib., 1733 Girita, ;
and violinist, educated at the Institute for the Vienna, 1738. Fetis; Gerber, N. Lex.;
Blind at Freiburg. Works Overture for Schilling.
:
graud orchestra Mass (1836) String quar-

; BIORDI, GIOVANNI, born in Rome iu
;
tets and trios ; Sacred songs for 4 voices the latter half of the 17th century.
;
Cantor
Songs, with jjianoforte. Fetis
Mendel. of the Pontifical
;
Chapel iu 1717, aud in 1722
BIN ICH GLEICH VON DIR GE- maestro di cappella of S. Giacomo, Rome.
WICHEN, choral, to the melody " Werde Nearly all the churches of Rome own works
:
raunter, mein Gemiithe," major, iu by this master, and his music is still sung
iu A
Johann Sebastian Bach's Passion nach Mat- at the Pontifical Chapel. The Abbate San-
thiius. Part II. tini's collection contains Motetti e salmi, 4 :
BION, opera-comique iu one act, iu verse, voci ; Miserere, for two choirs ; Lauda Sion,
text by Hoii'man, music by Mchul, first for two choirs ; Litanies for four voices ;
;
BIKCKEiS' STOCK
Lietatus sum, for six voices, composed for dent of Friedrich M. Kilhler in thorough
the Pontifical Chapel ; Christus factus est, bass. He made a concert tour to Warsaw
for 6 voices, with chorus di ripieno. when a boy of eight years, became Kapell-
Fetis ; Meudel ; Schilling.meister at the theatre and of a church in
BmCKENSTOCK, JOHANN ADAM, Pesth about 1813, but returned in 1814 to
born at Alsfeld, Hesse, Feb. 19, 1687, died Breslau, where he taught until 1821, when
at Eisenach, Feb. 26, 1733. Instrumental he settled in Berlin. In 1833 he founded
composer, pupil at Cassel of Euggiero Fe- there a musical institute, and formed a
deli, then in Berlin of Volumier, at Bay- number of pupils of such note as Nicolai,
reuth of Fiorelli, and finally in Paris (1709- Dehn, Kiicken, etc. During the latter part
10) of de Val. After his return to Cassel of his activity be had become entirely blind.
he was made court musician, in 1721 first Works Two symphonies for orchestra :
violinist, and 1725 Kapellmeister, in which Two overtures for do.; Concertos for piano-
capacity he accepted a call to Eisenach in forte, for clarinet, oljoe, guitar Sonatas for ;
1730. Works : 12 sonatas for violin with jjianoforte ; Duos ;

Quintet, etc. Fetis ;
basso continue (Amsterdam, 1722) 12 do. Mendel Schilling. ; ;
(ib., 1730) 12 concertos for 4 violins obli-

; BIENBACH, HEINEICH AUGUST, born
gati, viola, violoncello, and continue at Breslau, 1782, died in Berlin, Dec. 31,
bas.so
(ib., 1730). Fetis ; Gerber, N. Lex. Men- 1840. Violoncellist, son of Karl Josef Birn-
;
del ; Schilling. bach and pupil of Anton Kraft in Vienna,

BIRD, AETHUE, born American par- where he had obtained an engagement in
of
entage, in Watertown, Massachusetts, July the orchestra of the Theater an der Wien.
23, 1856, still living, 1888. In 1872-7G he In 1804-G he was chamber musician to
studied in Germany, and in 1881 he again Prince Lubomirski at Landshut, Galicia in ;
went to Europe, where lie was at different 1807 be entered the opera orchestra in
times a pupil of Liszt, Hauptmann, Loesch- Vienna as guitar player, and returned to
horn, Arbach, and Eode. His compositions Landshut in 1822, having in the meanwhile
consist of a symphony for orchestra ; 2 played the violoncello in the theatre orches-
pieces for pianoforte and violin ; 3 marches tra at Pesth, after 1812. On the erection
for pianoforte ; 3 waltzes for pianoforte ;
of the Kunigstiidter Theater in Berlin, 1824,
and other pianoforte jjieces. he accepted an engagement there, became
BIED. See Bijrd. chamber musician in the royal orchestra
BIEKLEE, GEOEG WILHELM, born in 1825, and was pensioned in 1831. He
at Bochau, Wiirtemberg, May 23, 1820, still composed concertos and variations for vio-
living, 1888. Church comiôser, pupil of loncello, and many pieces for the guitar.
his father on the pianoforte and organ, and Fetis Mendel Schilling.
; ;
in singing, then at the Wilhelmstift at Tii- BIENBACH, KAEL JOSEF, born at K6-
bingen, where he studied theology, influ- pernick, near Neisse, Silesia, 1751, died at
enced especially bj' Professor Aberle. He Wârsaw, May 29, 1805. Violinist and
became a learned writer on classical music, dramatic composer, pupil of Dittersdorf,
and is now professor at the Gymnasium of who pi-ocured him a position in Breslau,
Ehningen. He has composed masses, ves- whence he went to Berlin in 1795, and be-
per psalms, etc., for mixed and male chorus. came chamber musician in the royal orches-
Mendel. tra. In 1803 he went to Warsaw with his
BntNBACH, (JOSEF BENJAMIN)
son Heinrich, and accepted an engagement
HEINEICH, born at Breslau, Jan. 8, 1795, as Kapellmeister of the German theatre
died in Berlin, Aug. 24, 1879. Pianist, son there in 1804, but fell victim to an epidemic.
and pupil of Karl Josef Birnbach, and stu- Works Saphire, opera, given at Breslau :
18S
BIRTH
about Die Fiscliweiber vou Paris, he was one of the founders of the Philhar-
1783 ;
do., ib. ; Masses monic Society, of which he took his turn as

Oratorios and cantatas ; ;
10 symphonies for orchestra IG concertos conductor, and in lcS20 he visited Dublin

;
for pianoforte 10 do. for viohu 20 quar- and received the freedom of the city.
; ; He
tets for strings several quintets for do. 25 was conductor at Drur^' Lane Theatre in
; ;
sonatas for pianoforte 15 soli for violin, 1825, musical director at Vauxhall Gardens
;
etc. Fetis Mendel Schilling.

; ; in 1830, musical director at Covent Garden
BIRTH AND FORTUNE I DESPISE, Theatre in 1840-41. conductor of the An-
tenor air in A major of Jonathan, in Han- tient Concerts in 1840-48, professor of mu-
del's Saul, Part I. sic in Edinburgh University in 1841-43, and
BISCHOFF, KARL BERNHARD, born professor of music in Oxford University in
at Nieder-Rublingen, Weimar, Dec. 24, 1848. He received the degree of Bachelor
1807, still living, 1888. Composer, j)ui3il of Music at Oxford in 1839, and of Doctor
in Berlin of A. W. Bach, Rungenhagen, and of Music in 1853, and was knighted in 1842.
Grell. He accejjted a call to Stargard, Bishop jjroduced more than a hundred op-
Pomerania, in 1843, and afterwards re- eras, operettas, burlettas, ballets, and other
ceived the title of roj'al director of music. dramatic pieces, of which at least two-thirds
Works Der Christ, oratorio Joas, do. were entirely by him, and the rest adajita-
: ; ;
Quartets, and other chamber music Blotets, tious or works written in collaboration with
;
etc. Mendel. Davy, Reeve, Whittaker, and others. He

BISCHOFF, KASPAE JOSEPH, born at was esjjecially strong in vocal music and
Ansbach, April 7, 1823, still living, 1888. one of the best of the English lyrical com-
Composer, pupil of Ett and Stuutz in posers. Works Operas and musical dra-
Munich, then studied in Leipsic, 1847-49, mas Angelina, farce, London, 1804 Ta- : ;
and settled at Frankfort. W'orks Maske nierlau et Bajazet, ballet, ib., 180G Narcisse
: ;
und Mantille, oj)era, given at Frankfort, et les Graces, ballet, ib., ISOG Caractacus, ;
1852; Symphony; Overture to Hamlet; ballet, ib., 180G Love in a Tub, ballet, ib., ;
Cantatas Psalms Quartets for strings

; ;
180G The Mysterious Bride, ib., 1808 The
; ; ;
Songs and part-songs. ^lendel. Circassian Bride, The Vintagers, 1809 Mo- ;
BISHOP, Sir HENRY ROWLEY, born ra"s Love, ballet, 1809 Tlio Maniac, or ;
in London, Nov. Swiss Banditti, 1810; The Knight of Suow-

18, 178G, died don, 1811 The Virgin of the Sun, The ;
there, April 30, ^thiop, or Child of the Desert, The Kene-

1855. Dramatic gade, 1812 Haroun Alraschid (altered from ;
comj)oser, i)upil the iEthiop), The Brazen Bust, Harry Le

of Francesco Bi- Roy, The Miller and his Men, For England,
anchi. He began Ho 1813 Tlie Farmer's Wife (with Keeve !, ;
to compose at an and Davy), The Wandering Boys, or The

early but
age, Castle of Clival, Sadak and Kalasrade, or
was brought
first The Waters of Oblivion, Tlie Grand Alliance,
into notice by The Forest of Bondj', or Dog of Montargis,
his opera of The Dr. Sangi-ado, ballet, The Maid of the Mill,
Circassian Bride, produced at Drury Lane comic opera, Brother and Sister (with Reeve),
Theatre Unfortunately the theatre
in 1809. John of Paris (adajjted from Boieldieu),
was burned the night after (Feb. 24th) and 1814 The Noble Outlaw, Telemachus, Co-
;
the score was lost, but its reception procur- mus, jNIagpie or the Maid, John du Bart,
ed him in 1810 the position of musical di- 1815 A Midsummer Night's Dream, Royal
;
rector at Covent Garden Theatre. In 1S18 Nuptials, intermezzo, Guy ]\Iannering, or

;
BIST
the Gypsy's Prophecy (with Whittaker), The Ode for the Installation of the Earl of Derby
Slave, opera, Who Wants a Wife?, melo- as Chancellor of Oxford, 1853. Glees and
drama, 181G ; The Heir of Verona, or Hon- songs. Brown ; Grove ; Fetis.
esty the best Policy (with Whittaker), The DU MEIN? HAB' ICH DICH
BIST
Humorous Lieutenant, Tlie Father and his WIEDER ? See Tm/a/t und Isolde.
Children, melodrama, The Duke of Savoy, or BITTONI, BERNARDO, born at Fabri-
Wife and Mistress, The Libertine (adapted ano. Pontifical States, in 1755, died there,
from Don Giovanni), 1817 Zuma, or The ; May 18, 1829. Organist, j)upil of one Lom-
Tree of Health, comic opera (with Braham), bardi ; lived for manj' yeavs as maestro di
The Illustrious Traveller, December and musica at Rieti, then in the same capacity in
May, Barber of Seville (adapted from Ros- his native place. Alfieri wrote his biogra-
sini), 1818; The Heart of Midlothian, A jihy. Works Mass for 8 voices and or-
:
Roland for an Oliver, The Gnome King, or chestra Requiem Mass for 4 voices and
;
The Giant Mountains, Swedish Patriotism, several instruments Lauda Jerusalem, ;
The Comedy of Errors, Fortunatus and his psalm for do.. Salve Regina, fordo.; Beatus
Sons, melodrama. Marriage of Figaro vir, for do. ; Christus factus est, for do.;
(adapted from Mozart), 1819; The Anti- Credo for do. Magnificat Miserere
; ; ; Many
quary, The Battle of Bothwell Brigg, Henri motets, and olt'ertories, etc. Sonatas ; for the
Quatre, or Paris in the Olden Time, Tvt'elfth organ. Fetis.
Night, Don John, or The Two Violettas, BIUMI, GIACOMO FILIPPO, born in
Montrose, or The Children of the Mist, Milan, died there in 1652. Organist, first
1820 The Two Gentlemen of Verona, 1821 at the Church della Passione, then at San
;
The Law of Java, Maid Marian, or The Ambrogio, and finally at the cathedral.
Huntress of Arlingford, opera, 1822 Clari, Works A book of Magnificats for 4-8
; :
or The Maid of Milan, opera. The Beacon of voices do. of fantasias for 4 voices do. of ; ;
Liberty, Cortez, or The Conquest of Mexico, motets for 2-4 voices Caiizoni da suonar ;
1823 ; Native Land, or Return from Sla- alia francese a 4 ed 8 voci and others, ;
very, Charles the Second, ojêretta. As you scattered in collections. Fetis Mendel. ;
like it, 1824; The Fall of Algiers, opera, BIZET, (CHARLES CESAR LfiOPOLD)
Edward the Black Prince, Coronation of called GEORGES, born in Paris, Oct. 25,
Charles X., Aladdin, or the Wonderful ,^ - 1838, died there, June
Lamp, opera, Faustus, 1825 The Knights ; 3, 1875. He entered
of the Cross, opera, 1826 Englishman in ; in 1848 the Conserva-
India, 1827 The Night before the Wed
; toire, where he studied
ding, 1829 Ninetta, opera, Hofer (adapted
; composition under Ha-
from Rossini), 1830 Under the Oak, opera,
; levy, and won the
1831 Adelaide, or The Royal William, op-
; prix de Rome in 1857.
era. The Tyrolese Peasant, Home, Sweet Before graduating he
Home, operatic drama. The Magic Fan, or had brought out an
The Fillip on the Nose, operetta, The Sedan operetta, Docteur Mi-
Chair, The Bottle of Champagne, operetta. racle, at the Bouffes Parisiens. On his re-
The Romance of a Day, ojaeratic drama, turn from Italy he composed and produced
1832 Yelva, or The Orphan of Russia, The several operas-comiques, which had but
;
Rencontre, operatic comedy, 1833 Rural ; indifferent success. His overture, Patrie,
Felicity,1834 The Doom Kiss, opera, Man-
; and especially his interludes to Daudet's
fred, 1836 The Fortunate Isles, 1841 The
; ; L'Ark'sienne (afterwards published as two
Czar of Muscovy, opera. The Fallen Angel, orchestral suites) were far better received.
oratorio The Seventh Day, cantata, 1833
;
;
The corner-stone of his fame, however, was
BLACK
the opera ('armcii, wliioli at once placed Lira string instruments and organ 10 Tantum
[ ;
in the foremost rank of modern French ergo, for four voices and organ 2 Te De- ;
composers. and the suites L'Arle- um. Fotis Wurzbach.

This, ;
sienne and Koma, are liis best-knowu works. BLAHETKA, LEOPOLDINE, born at
He was a man of superior gifts, and of Guutramsdorf, near Vienna, Nov. 15, 1811,
decidedly greater originality than other still living, 1888, at Boulogne. Pianist,
Fi'ench composers of his generation. He pupil of Czeruy, then of Kalkbreuner and
was an aceomijlished pianist, especially Moscheles on the pianoforte, and of Simon
noted for his wonderful sight-reading of or- Sechter in comisosition. She excited an
chestral scores. He married a daughter of interest by her playing when only seven
years of age, and was afterwards very suc-
cesful on her concert tours. In 1840 she
c^^
/?. ei ^ / ? e^ settled at Boulogne,
teaching.
and devoted herself to
Works Die Rauber und die:
s. Sanger, opera, given in Vienna, Kiirnthner-

thor Theater, 1830 ; Concertos, sonatas, po-
lonaises, variations, etc., for pianoforte solo,
Halevy. Great hopes were entertained of and with orehesti'a, or quartet, or only vio-
his future, and his sudden death was uni- lin Trios for pianoforte, violin, and vio- ;
versally lamented. Works OjDeras

Le loncello Songs, with pianoforte.
: Fetis ; ;
Docleur Miracle, given at the Bouifes Pari- Wm-zbach.

siens, A25ril 9, 1857 Don Procopio La
; BLAISE, ADOLPHE, died in Paris in
;
Guzla de I'Emir Les ptcheurs de perles, 1772. Dramatic composer, bassoon-player

;
Theatre Lyrique, Sept. 30, 18G3 LaJoZ/efille in the orchestra of the Comodie Italienne
;
de Perth," ib., Dec. 2G, 18G7 Numa, 1871; in 1737. He wrote many divertissements,
;
Djamileh, Oiêra Comique, May 22, 1872 entr'actes, dances, and marches for that
;
Carmen, Opera Comique, June 3, 187.5 stage, besides the following works Annette
; :
Yvan le Terrible (never performed). Other et Lubin, given at the Theatre Italien, 1762 ;
works Incidental music to Daudet's VArle- Isabelle ct Gertrude, ou Les sylphes sup-
:
sienne ; Overture, Pat tie ; La r//asse d'Ossian, poses, ib., 1765 ; Le trompeur tromjii', il).,
overture ; Two movemenis of a sj-mphony ; 1707 ; Orjihee, Filets de Vulcain, ballets,

Songs and pianoforte music. Leipsic Sig- given in 1738 ; Pedant, Amours de Cupi-
nale, June, 1875, No. 29 April, 1883, No. don. Psyche, and other
; ballets. Fetis.
33 ; Grove, i. 246. BLAISE ET BABET,
opera-eomique in
BLACK CROOK, THE, fairy operatic two acts, text by Monvel, music by Dezede,
spectacle in four acts, music by Jacobi and first represented at Versailles, April 4, 1783,
Frederick Clay, first represented at the and at the Comedie Italienne, Paris, June
Alhambra, London, December, 1872. The 30, 1783. It is a sequel to Les trois fer-
first and third acts are by Jacobi, the others miers by the same author. It was the most
by Clay. successful of Dezede's works.
BLACK DOMINO. See Domino Noir. BLAISE LE SAVETIER (Blaise the Cob-
BLAHAG (Blahak), JOSEF, born at bler), opera-comique in one act, text by Se-
Raggendorf, Hungary, in 1779, died in Vi- daine, music by Philidor, first represented
enna, Dec. 15, 1846. Tenor singer at the at the Opera Comique, Paris, March 9, 1759.
Leopoldstiidter Theater, Vienna, in 1802- This opera, Philidor's first dramatic work,
23, Kapellmeister at St. Peter's, there, in achieved for him a decided and permanent
1824. Works 14 masses 25 graduales
: ; ; success. In it he showed himself to be a
29 offertories for one or several voices, with more skilful harmonist than the French
191
;
BLAKE
composers of his day, thovigh his phrasiug 3 books Five collections of Airs serieux et
;
often violates dramatic truth, and his pros- h boire ; and the music
2 liooks of motets ;
ody is defective. It was one of the works of the following court ballets Fetes on :
selected in 1762 with which to open the divertissements, 1721 Les presents des ;
new Comcdie Italieune, and it continued to dieux, 1727 Les fetes du labyrinthe,
;
be a favourite for half a century. Allen, 1728 ; La nymphe de

la Seine Le jardin ;
Life of Philidor, 45. des Hesperides, Zephire et Hore, 1739

BLAKE, CHAl^LES DUPEE, born of L'heureux retour de la reine, 1744 Les ;
American parentage, Walpole, Massachu-

in regrets des beaux arts II pastor fido. Fe- ;
setts, Sept. 13, 1847, still living, 1888. Or- tis; Larousse Mendel Schilling. ; ;
ganist, pupil of J. D. C. Parker, David Paine, BLANC, ADOLPHE, born at Manosque

T. P. Eyder, J. K. Paine, and Handel Pond. (Basses-Alpes), June 24, 1828, still living,
He has been organist and musical director 1888. Violinist, f)upil at the Conserva-
in the Congregational churches, at Wrent- toire, Paris, where he won a prize, and of
ham and at HoUiston, Mass.; in the Broom- Halevy in composition. For a short lime
field St. :\I. E. Church, Boston and the ; he was chef d'orchestre at the Theatre Lj'-
Union Church, Boston. Works Songs : rique. He is one of the few French com-
Both sides. The Dead Leaves rustling, Roses posers who have pre-eminently cultivated
and Violets, The Cavalier's farewell, The chamber music, for which the prix Chartier
Longest way 'round, Wake from thy dream- was assigned to him by the Academy in
ing. When Pansies come again. Whisper thy 1862. Works Une aventure sous
: la Ligue,
thoughts to me, etc. All Hope has fled, ; comic opera Les deux billets, operetta,
;
duet Thine Own, duet Angels are sing-

; ; Paris, Salle Herz and Salle Pleyel, 1868 ;
ing, Christmas carol The Way, the Truth, ; Les reves de Marguerite, do. La prom- ;
the Light, Christmas carol, etc. enade du boeuf gras, symphonie burlesque ;
BLAMONT, FKANCOIS COLIN DE, Ouverture espagnole, for orchestra; Sonatas,

born at Versailles, Nov. 22, 1G90, died in trios, quartets, quintets, sej)tets for strings,
Paris, Feb. 14, 1760. Dramatic com^joser. or for pianoforte and strings ; Rondos, so-
At first a musician in the household of the natinas, caprices, etc. Fetis ; do.. Supple-
Duchess of Maine, he made his debut as ment, i. 96.
a composer in 1707 with Circe, a cantata, BLANCHARD, HENRI LOUIS, born at
which won him the notice of Lalande, who Bordeaux, Feb. 7, 1778, died in Paris, Dec.
gave him lessons in harmony and counter- 18, 1858. and dramatic composer,
Violinist
point. He afterwards became superintend- pupil of his father on the violin and of
ent of the king's music. His first work for Franz Beck in harmony, then in Paris of
the stage (1723) established his reputation, Rudolf Kreutzer, Reicha, and JNIehul. He
and won him the order of St. Michael. was chef d'orchestre at the Theatre des Va-
Works : Les fetes grecques et romaines, riutes in 1818-29, where he composed a
heroic ballet, given in Paris, Opera, 1723 ;
great number of vaudeville airs, most of
Diane et Eudymion, opera, ib., 1731 ; Les which became popular. After the revolu-
fetes de Tlietis, opera-ballet Les carac- ; tion of 1830 he assumed the management
t^res de I'amour, heroic ballet. Concert de of the Theatre Molicre, and wrote several
la Reine, 1736, Academic Eoyale de Mu- dramas which had great success, but brought
sique, 1738 Les amours du printemps
; him into discredit with the government. In
(act added to Caractiires de I'amour), Ope- 1833 he devoted himself entirely to musical
ra, 1739 Jupiter vainqueur des Titans,
; criticism and writing on music, in which
do., at Court, 174.5 Le retour des dieux
; field he became very distinguished. Works :
sur la terre (1725) Cantates f ran5aises in

; Diane de Vernon, comic opera, given at the
m
;;
BLANCHE
ThiVitre des Nouveautt's, 1831 ; L'Arioste, indefatigable comj)Osor of operas. Works :
do. (not performed) ; Concertini for violiu ;

Zelie et Terville, ou Chimere et realite,
Airs varies for do.; Fautaisie for do. and given in Paris, Theatre Feydeau, 1803 En- ;
liarf) Quartets for violins

;
do. for violas
; core un tour de Calife, Munich, 1805
; ;
Duos for violins, etc. Fctis

Mendel. Nephtali ou les Ammonites, Paris, Acadc-
;
BLANCHE DE NEVERS, English opera mie Imjieriale de Musique, 180G Inez de ;
ill three acts, text by John Brougham, mu- Castro Les fetes lacedemonieunes (1805) ; ;
sic by Balfe, represented at Covent Garden, Les femmes vengees, Paris, Theatre Fey-
London, Nov. 21, 1803. Subject from the deau, 1811 Le sacrifice d'Abraham, L'A- ;
French drama, " Le Bossu," called in Eng- mour philosophe, Cassel, 1811 Le uau- ;
lish the '

Duke's Motto." frage comique. La fee Urgele, La Princesse
BL.\NCHE DE PROVENCE, or La Cour Cachemire, Cassel, 1812
Trajano in Dacia, ;
des Fees (The Court of the Fairies), opei-a Munich, 1814 La sourde-muette, Paris,
;
in three acts, text by Theaulou and Ranee, Theatre Feydeau, 1815 La Comtesse de ;
music by Berton, Cherubiui, Kreutzer, and Lamark, ib., 1817 Le jeune oncle, ib., ;
Paer, first represented at the Opera, Paris, 1820 Marie Therc'se, 1820 Le Due d'Aqui-
; ;
May 3, 1821. All that remains of this work, taine, Paris, Theatre Feydeau, 1823 Le ;
composed on the occasion and projet de jîece, ib., 1825 La Saint-Henri,

of the birth ;
baptism of the Due de Bordeaux, posthu- Theatre de la Coui% 1825 L'Intendant, ib., ;
mous son of the DucdeBorry, is the splendid 182() Le morceau d'ensemble. Theatre des;
final chorus by Cherubini "Dors, cher en- Nouveautes, 1825

: Le coureur de veuves, ;
fant, tendre fleur d'esperance." Le jeu de cache-cache, L'auueau de la fi-

BLANGINI, GIUSEPPE MARCO MA- ancee, ib., 1827 Le chanteur de romances, ;
RIA FELICE, born in Turin, Nov. 18, 1781, Theatre des Varietes, 1830 Part of the ;
died in Paris, Dec. 18, 18-41. Dramatic music of the Duchesso de Brinvilliers, 1831
composer and tenor singer. He was ad- Uu premier pas, 1832 Les gondoliers, ;
mitted in 1789 to the choristers' school in 1832 Le vieux de la montagne. His ro- ;
Turin Cathedral, and made rapid progress mances (174 for a single voice) and noc-
under the Abbate Ottani when twelve ; turnes (170 for two voices) are among his
years old he acted as organist to the cathe- best compositions ; several of the former,
dral, and had composed a motet and a Kyrie, like II est trop tard, Les souvenirs, M'ai-
and at fourteen he led a mass with full or- meras-tu?, II faut partir, are still sung.
chestra. His favourite instrument was the He wrote also some church music, including
violoncello. In 1799 he went to Paris and four masses with orchestra, and motets.
became the fashionable composer of ro- Villemarest, Souvenirs de F. Blangini,
mances and nocturnes and teacher of sing- 1797-1834 ; Fetis do.. Supplement, i. 97
; ;
ing. In 1802 he was commissioned to com- Mendel ; Schilling.

plete Delia- Maria's unfinished oj)era. La BL.ARAMBERG, PAUL, born at Oren-
fausse duegne, which was followed by burg, Russia, Sept. 26, 1841, still living,
others of his own, and in 1805 he was called 1888. Dramatic composer, j)upil of Bala-
to Munich, where several of his operas were kirev at St. Petersburg, where he studied
produced. In 180G he became Kapellmeis- law ; he first held a government position,
ter to the King of Bavaria, and Princess but resigned it, in 1870, to become editor
Borghese appointed him director of her mu- of the Russian Gazette, at Moscow. He
sic. King Jerome made him General Mu- is an adherent of the Berlioz-Liszt school.
sik-Director at Cassel in 1809. In 1814 he Works: Maria Tudor, opera, given at St.
returned to Paris and was appointed Surin- Petersburg, 1882 The Fu-st Russian Co- ;
tendant de la musique du Roi. He was an median, do. Music to Ostrovski's Vaivode

;
;
BLASIS
The Demon (after Lermontoff), cantata. op. 31 ; do. for clarinets ; Duos for do., op.
Riemann. 18, 20, 21, 38, 40, and 46 ; do. for violins,
BLASIS, FRANCESCO ANTONIO DE, op. 8, 28, 29, 30, 32, 33, 39, 43, 53 Sonatas ;
born Naples in 1765, died at Florence, for violin and bass, etc. Fetis do., Sup-
at ;
Aug. 22, 1851. Dramatic composer, pupil j)lement, i. 99 Mendel Schilling. ; ;
of Fenaroli at the Conservatorio of his na- BLATT, FRANZ THADDAUS, bom in

tive city. He was organist in Venice, re- Prague, 1793, died (?). Clarinetist, pupil
turned to Naples in 1799, and thence went at the Conservatorium, Prague, of Farnick
to France, settling at Marseilles. The time on the clarinet, and of Dionys Weber in
of his return to Italy is not known.
"Works composition. In 1814 he went on a suc-
Operas and ballets, given in Italy Ar- cessful concert tour through Germany and
:
minio Didoue Adoue e Venere Zulima the North of Europe, after his return ob-
; ; ; ;
Lo sposo in periglio II burbero di buon tained a jjosition in the theatre orchestra,

;
cuore La donna capricciosa ; H geloso

; and in 1818 became professor at the Con-
ravveduto L' isola di Bella Marina
; II ; servatoiium. Works
12 caprices in form :
fiuto feudatorio, etc. The following were of etudes, for clarinet Trios for do., op. ;
given in France Omphale Almanzor, ou

: ; 3 ; Variations brillantes for do. and quar-
L'epreuve de la jeunesse ; Le eourroux d'A- tet Introduction and variations for do., and ;
chille Debutade, ou L'oiigine du dessin orchestra Three duos concertants, op. 29

;
;
; ;
Les trois Sultanes Le triomphe de la pais CajJrices amusauts for clarinet, op. 26
;
; ;
Meprise sur mejsrise La fete du village, iStudes, op. 33 Complete method for clar-
; ;
etc. Oratorios, masses, overtures, and quar- inet Vocal method. Fetis Mendel Schil- ; ; ;
tets. Methods for the violin, the pianoforte, ling ; Wurzbach.

and a vocal method. Fetis, Sui^plement, i. BLAVET, :\nCHEL, born at Besan5on,
98. March 13, 1700, died in Paris, Oct. 28,
BLASroS, MATTHIEU FR^D^RIC, and soon won
1768. Flutist, self taught,
born at Lauteburg (Bas-Rhin), April 23, such distinction as to be without a rival ou
1758, died at Versailles, 1829. Violinist, his instrument. In 1723 he settled in Paris ;
clai-inetist, flute and bassoon j^layer, pupil became a member of the Opera orchestra,
of his father. He went early to Paris and and made several concert tours, on one of
soon made himself known as a composer for which Frederick the Great, then crown
wind instruments. In 1791 he became chef prince, tried to induce him to enter his ser-
d'orchestre at the Opera Comique, then pro- vice. Works La fete de Cythere, opera, :
fessor at the Consei'vatoire (until 1802), and given at Berny, 1753 Le jaloux corrige, ;
bandmaster of the consular guard. In opera-bouffe, Paris, Academic Royale de

1816 he retired to Versailles. Works La Musique, 1753 Egle, pastorale, ib., 1750
: ; ;
paysanue supjjost'e, ou La fete de la mois- Les jeux olympiques, ballet, 1753 Sonatas ;
son, comic opera, given at the Comedie Ita- and other pieces for flute Music for wind ;
lienne, 1788 Pelletier de Saiut-Fai-geau, instruments.- Fetis do.. Supplement, i. 99

; ;
;
opera, given at the Opera Comique, 1793 Mendel. ;
L'amour ermite, do., ib., 1793 Africo et BLAZE. See CaMil-Blaze.

;
Menzola, Don Pedre et Zulika, Adelson et BLAZE, HENRI SEBASTIEN, born at

Salvina, melodramas. Symphonic concer- Cavaillon (Vaucluse), in 1763, died there.
tante for 2 horns Three concertos for vio- May 11, 1833.
; Dramatic composer, pupil
lin ; Four One for bassoon in his native place of the organist Lapierre,
do. for clarinet ;
;
Twelve quartets for strings, op. 1, 3, 12, 19 and in Paris of Sejane. He settled as a
Six do. for bassoon Three trios for do., op. lawyer at Avignon, and after 1794 was made
;
48 Trios for clarinet, flute, and bassoon, admiuisti'ator of his native department,
;
1S4
:
BLEytSEI)
whence he visited Paris again in 1799. BLIESENER, JOHANN, born in Prussia

Works : L'hi'ritage ; Semiramis, operas ;
about 175G, died in Berlin, February, 1842.
chamber
Masses Sonatas for pianoforte Duos for Violinist, pupil of Giornovichi,
; ;
Mendel. musician to the Queen of Prussia in 1791-

do. and harp, etc. Fetis ;
BLESSED ARE THE MEN THAT 1806. Works Three duos for violins (Ber- :
dem den op. i (ib., 1795) Three

FEAE HIM. See Wold der lin, 1789) do., ; ;
Herreu fiirchtet. quartets for do., viola, and violoncello, op. 2

do., op. 3 (ib., 1792) do., op.
BLEWITT, JONAS, organist in the latter (ib., 1791) ; ;
He 5 1797) 3 duos do., op. 6 (ib., 1799)

part of the 18th century, died in 1805. (ib., ; ;
on the organ for violin and viola, op. 7 (ib., 1800) Con-
was author of the first treatise ;
London, under the title of certo for violin with orchestra, op. 8 (ib.,
published in
(Leipsic,
"A Treatise on the Organ, with Explana- 1801) 3 duos for violin, op. 15 ;
tory Voluntaries." He also published Ten Breitkopf & Hartel) ;

" Compositions for the
Voluntaries for the Organ," etc. " Twelve flute. Fetis Mendel. ; ;
easy and familiar Movements for the Organ." BLIND BEGGAR OF BETHNAL
Grove ; Futis. GREEN, THE, English opera, music by
BLEWITT, JONATHAN, Lon- Thomas Augustine Arne, represented at
born in
don in 1782, died there, Sept. 4, 1853. Drury Lane Theatre, London, 1711.
Composer and singer of ballads son and BLIND KING, THE, cantata, music by ;
pupil of Jonas Blewitt, organist, and pupil James C. D. Parker, first performed by the
of Jonathan Battishill. At eleven years Apollo Club, Boston, Mass., April 29, 1885.
old he was deputy organist to his father BLODEK, WILHELM, born in Prague,
and held other appoiutmeuts as organist in Oct. 3, 1834, died there, May 1, 1874. Flut-
London, and in other parts of England dur- ist, pupil of Anton Eiser at the Conserva-
ing his life. In 1811 he went to Dublin, torium, where he became professor in 1860,
was grand organist to the masonic body of having meanwhile taught at Lubycz, Gali-
Ireland, conducted concerts there, and was cia. In 1870 he became insane, and was
associated with Logier in his system of mu- confined in the asylum in Prague. Works :
sical instruction. In 1828-29 he was di- V studni (In the Well), Czech opera, given
rector of the music at Sadler's Wells Thea- in Prague, 1867 Zidek, do. (left unfin-
;
tre, Loudon, and in his latter years was ished) Mass Overture Quartets for male
; ; ;
connected with Tivoli Gardens, Margate. voices Pianoforte music and songs.
Men- ;

Works Operas, etc. Harlequin, or Man in del Riemann.
: ;
the Moon, pantomime, 1826 Tahsmau of BLOEMENBRUID, DE, Flemish opera,

;
the Elements Auld Robin Gray;

My Old text by Emil van Goethem, music by Franz ;
Woman The Corsair

;
The Magician Is- van Herzeele, represented at the Theatre
; ;
It met with
land of Saints Rory O'More Mischief Mak- Minard, Ghent, March, 1887.
; ;
ing, etc. Songs : A nice little man ; Adieu, well-deserved success.

my moustachios Barney Brallaghan Eng-;
BLONDEL (Blondeceux, Blondelaus), ;
land, Merry England Let us drink to old born at Nesle, in Picardy, about 1160 (V).
;
friends White Cliffs

;
of England Groves A celebrated rhymer, or minstrel to Richard ;
of Blarney O for a cot Our jolly stout L, King of England, about 1190. Accord-
; ;
jackets of blue ;
ing to tradition, he discovered his master,
Phillis, have you seen my
love ? When crowned with summer roses. after searching for him in
the Holy Land
;
and and Germany, by singing under the walls

He wrote also a concerto for pianoforte in
and fugues of the Castle of LOwenstein, where Richard
orchestra, and sonatas, caprices,
for the pianoforte and the organ. Grove was a prisoner, a song wdiich he and the ;
Brown Fetis. ;
king had jointly composed. This subject
195

BLOAV
furnished GrutiT with tbe insjjiration for tliems ; Fourteen church ser\'ices ; Sacred
Lis ojDera, Richard, Cceur de Lion. Sixteen songs, duets, etc. ; Odes for New Year's Day,
MS. deixxrtmeut 1682, 1683, 1686, 1687, 1688, 1689, 1693 (?),
of his chansons are in the
of the National Library of Paris.Fetis
1694, 1700 Odes for St. Cecilia's Day, 1684,
; ;
Meudel Schilling Larousse.

; ; 1691, 1700, besides two which cannot be re-
BLOW, JOHN, born at North Colling- ferred to any particular year Songs, catches, ;
ham, Notting- Dryden's ode on the death of Purcell, etc.

hamshire, Eng- Unfortunatelj', very few of these works are
land, in 1648, published ; some of the church music is in
died in London, Boyce's " Cathedral Music," Stevens's " Sa-
Oct. 1, 1708. He cred Music," Smith's " Musica Antiqua,"
was one of the Playford's " Harmonia Sacra," and in Clif-
lirst set of chil- ford's collection ; some of the catches are
dren of the ChajJ- published iu " The Catch Club," " The Pleas-
el Koj-al on its ant Musical Companion " (1724), and other
re - establishment collections. Blow's works published by

in 1G60. His master was Captain Henry themselves are Lessons for the Harpsi-
:
Cooke, but, on leaving the choir, he studied chord (London, 1698, second ed., 1705,
under John Hiugeston, and afterwards un- with some by Purcell) Ode for St. Cecilia's ;
der Dr. Christoi^her Gibbons. He had al- Daj', 1684 Amphion Anglicus, containing
;
ready begun to compose while a chorister, compositions for one, two, three, and four
and soon rose to great eminence. In 1669 voices, with accompaniments of instrumen-
he was appointed organist at Westminster tal music, and a thorough bass, figured for
Abbey, but was displaced iu 1680 in favour the organ, harpsichord, or theorbo-lute, with
of Parcell on the hitter's death in 1695 he portrait of the composer (London, 1700).
;
was reappointed to the post. On March 16, Grove, i. 249.

1674, he was sworn in one of the gentlemen BLUETS, LES, opera-comique in four
of the Chapel Eoyal, vice the Eev. Roger acts, text by Cormon and Trianon, music
Hill, deceased, and on July 21, 1674, he was by Jules Cohen, first represented at the
appointed master of the children of the Theatre Lyrique, Paris, Oct. 23, 1867. Don
chajiel, succeeding Pelham Humj)hrey. A Juan of Castile, wishing to leave his crown
few years he became one of the organ- to his natural son, Fabio, a brave soldier,
later
ists of the chapel. Li 1685 he was appoint- imnuu'es in a convent Estelle, a young girl
ed one of the king's private musicians, and whom he loves, and gives him iu marriage
honorary composer to the king. In 1687 to Sister Carmen, abbess of the convent.
he succeeded Michael Wise as almoner and The work was sung by Troy, Lutz, and
master of the choristers of St. Paul's, but Miles Nilsson and Tual. An Italian ver-
resigned in 1693 in favour of his pupil, Jer- sion, text by de Lauzii-res, was given at the
emiah Clarke. In 1699 he was the first to theatre of Nice in 1873. It was j^roduced
fill the office of composer to the Chapel also at Covent Garden, London, 1880, under
Royal. Blow was not a graduate of any the title of Estella, with Adelina Patti in the
university but the degree of Doctor of princijial rule.
;
Music was conferred upon him at Lambeth BLUM (Blume), KARL LUDWIG, born
by Sancroft, Ai'chbishofi of Canterbury. He iu Berlin in 1786, died there, July 2, 1844.
was buried under the organ in the north Dramatic composer and organist first in- ;
aisle of Westminster Abbey. Blow was a structed on the violoncello by the royal
voluminous composer, and many of his chamber nuisician, H. Grosse, he went on
works are still extant One hundred an-
: the stage in 1801 as an actor and singer,
196
BLUMENFELDT
first in Berlin, then at Erlaugeu, aud iu a complete method
for the guitar. Allgem.
1805 at Ki'iuigsberg, where he studied com- d. Biogr., ii. 737 Allgem. mus. Zeitg.; Fe- ;
position under Hiller after his return to tis Heinrii'h's

;
Ahnanach fiir Freunde der ;
Berlin, in 1810, he brought out an opera, Schauspielkunst (1845), 109 Mendel ; ;
and composed a great deal of instrumental Schilling.

and vocal music. He then spent five years BLU.MENFELDT, ARON WOLFF, born
in Vienna, and became the friend aud pupil at Kurnick, Posen,
Feb. 29, 1828, still liv-
of Saliin appointed chamber musician and ing, 1888, in Berlin.

;
Instrumental and
composer to the court of Prussia iu 1820, vocal composer, pupil of Carl Friedrich
he went about that time to Italy aud to Rungeuhageu in Berlin, where he settled
Paris to study the styles of Auber, Cheru- afterwards to teach. Works
Kiiustlerleben, :
bini, and Boieldieu, returned to Berlin iu opera Cantata, Berlin, 1851 Pianoforte ; ;
1822, taking charge of the royal opera. music and songs. Meudek
After that he travelled in Germany, France, BLUMENRODER, KARL, born at Nu-
and Italy, visited St Petersburg in 1828, remberg about 1789, died (?). Dramatic
and London. He was composer, became director of music at Nu-
Paris again in 1830,
the first to introduce the Freuch vaude- remberg in 181G conducted the music fes- ;
ville iuto Germany. Works Claudine de tivals there iu 1834-35. Works Turandot,
:
:
Villa Bella, opera, given at KOnigsberg, given in Munich, ISIO Die Jagd, ib., ;
1810 Karl der Zweite, do., ib., 1812 Fe- 1810; Die Biirgschaft, Nuremberg, 1824. ;
dora, Malvida, ib., 1814 Zoraide, oder Die Fetis. ;
Mauren iu Granada, Berlin, 1817 Der BLUMENTHAL, JACOB, born in Ham- ;
Schiffskapitiin, oder Die Uubefaugenen, burg, Oct. 4, 1829, still

vaudeville, 1817 Fortunata, operetta, living, 1888.
ib., ;
Pianist,
Canonicus Ignaz Schuster, vaudeville, ib., pupil of Grund in Ham-

1818 Alino,
; KOnigiu von Golconda, ballet, bui-g, aud of Bocklet
Vienna, ISIS Achilles, do., ib., 1819 Das aud Sechter in Vienna,
; ;
Rosenhiitchen, opera, ib., 1819 Die Pageu and from 1846 of Herz ;
des Herzogs von Vendome, operetta, ib., and Halevy at the Con-
1820 ; Der Biir und der Bassa, vaudeville, servatoire in Paris. In
Berlin, 1822 Die Heirath im zwOlften Jahre,
;
1848 he went to Lon-
operetta, ib., 1823 Riquet der Haarbiischel,
;
don and became a fash-
opera, ib., 1824 Der schOnste Tag des Le-
;
ionable teacher, aud pi-
bens, ib., 1826 Der Bramin, opera, Der
;
anist to the Queeu. Besides compositions
Liebe Macht, operetta, ib., 1827 Die Wuu- ; for the violin aud violoncello, and piano-
derlampe, do.. Die Waise aus Russland, forte, he has written many songs, among
melodrama, ib., 1828 Die Liebe in der ;
which The Message, My Queen, and The
Miidchenschule, operetta, ib., 1S30 Bettina, ;
Requital, are well known. Grove Futis ; ;
do., ib., 1831 ; Baldrian und Rosa, do., ib., Mendel.

1833 ; Madonna Ginevra, opera, Mary, Max BLUMENTHAL, JOSEPH VON, born
und Michel, operetta, ib., 1S3G ; Metastasio, in Brussels, Nov. 1, 1782, died iu Vienna,
do., Weimar, 1836 Bergamo, do., ib., ; May 9, 1850. Dramatic composer, pupil in
1837 Three serenades for flute, clarinet,

;
composition of the Abbe Vogler. He was the
horn, 2 violins, viola, and bass, op. 49, 50, director of a church choir in Vienna at the
51 (Mainz, Schott) Rondeau a la turque,
; time of his death. Works Dou Sylvio de :
for pianoforte and flute, op. 35 Many quar- ;

Rosalba, romantic opera, 1805 ; 2d act of
tets, trios, duos, and solos for guitar Pi- ; the fairy piece Der kurze Mantel Entr'actes ;
anoforte music aud songs. He wrote also aud choruses for dramas, such as : Colomb,
197
:
BLUMNER
King Lear, Turandot, von Heil-
Kiitliclien BOCCHEEINI, LUIGI, born in Lucca,
bioun, Fernautlo Cortez, and for the etc., Italy, Feb. 19, 1743, died in Madrid, Spain,
luelodramas : Camma, and Menasko et El- May 28, 1805. He
wina. He wrote a ballet, several sj-mijlionies was the son of an
for orchestra Quartets for two violins, viola
;
excellent contra-
and 38 Variations on an air from
bass, op. ; bassist at the ca-
Cenereutola by Kossini, op. 32 Duos for ; thedral in Lucca.
violins Quartets for flute, op. 31
;
Masses ; ;
His first instruc-
Cantatas and chants. He was the author tion was from his
also of a Methode de violoii. Biog. nat. de father, the instru-
Belgique, ii. 532 Fetis Mendel Scbilliug.; ; ; ment of his choice
BLU:MXEE, MARTESr, born at Fursten- being the violon-
berg, Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Nov. 21, 1827, cello, but his mu-
still living, 1888. Dramatic composer, pu- sical education

pil in Berlin of Dehu. He was appointed was soon confided Abbate Domenico
to the
in 1853 conductor of the Berlin Siugakad- Vauucci, teacher of music aud singing at
emie, of which he had become a member in the archiepiscopal seminary. The boy's
1845. He is a meritorious composer, strict progress was so rapid that Vanucci soon
in style, and of considerable dramatic power. found he had nothing more to teach him,
Royal musical director and professor, 18G0 ;
and in 1757 he was sent to Eome to perfect
member of Berlin Academj-, 1875. Works himself ujjon his chosen instrument aud
Columbus, cantata, 1853 Abraham, ora- ;
complete his studies iu counterpoint. Even
1860 Der Fall Jerusalems, do., 1881,
torio, ;
in Eome he was not long in distancing his
jjerformed with much success in Breslau, teachers, but there can be little doubt that
1881:, at the seventh Silesian ^Musical Festi- the church music he beard there (a cappella
val ; Te Deum Psalms
for eight voices ; ;
works of Palestrina iu the Sixtine Chapel,
Motets ; aud other vocal and the concerti spirituali in other churches)
also Lieder, duets,
music.
Mendel Naumaun (Ouselej'), ii. had a lasting influence upon his genius. He
;
1218 Eiemann.
; returned to Lucca with the most flattering
BLUTE NUE, DU LIEBES HERZ, aria testimonials, but very soon set out for Vi-
in B minor for the soprano of Coro H., with enna and the several electoral coiu-ts of
accompaniment of two flutes, strings com- Germany this journey he made both for ;
l^lete and continue, in Johann Sebastian the purjiose of j^laying in public and of
Bach's Passion nach Matthilus, Part I. perfecting his violoncello playing. His
BLYMA, FEANZ XAVER, born in Bo- first imjMrtant chamber compositions fall
hemia {?), died at Kiev, Eussia, in May, within this period (six quartets, op. 1,
1822. Violinist, director of music at Mos- 1761, and six trios, op. 2, 1760). On re-
cow in 1797, afterwards chef d'orehestre to turning to Lucca he wrote an Azione dram-
Count Comburley. Works Grande sym- matica, Clementina, and two oratorios, Giu-
:
phonie, op. 1 (Moscow) Symj)hony in D, seppe ricouosciuto, and Gioas, Ee di Giuda,

;
op. 2 (Bonn) Solos and pot-pourris for which were brought out in 1765 in the
;
violin, with orchestra Airs varies for violin, Church of S. M. Corteorlandini with great
;
with do. and bass. Fetis Mendel.

success. He formed a close friendship with
;
BOCCACCIO, young violinist of great

operetta in three acts, text Filippo Manfredi, a
by Zell and Genee, music by and a jjupil of Tartini, and in 1767
Suj)})!', repre- talent
sented at the Carltheater, Vienna, Feb. 1, the two young musicians made a successful
1879. It was produced at the Comedy concert tour together through North Italy.
Theatre, Loudon, April 22, 1882. Their jdaying, and notably Boccheriiii's
198
BOCCHERLXI
compositions, won such enthusiastic recog- placable enemy, but his dedication of some
uitiou that the two friends determined upon music to Friedrich Wilhelm II. of Prussia
a more extended tour, and in 1768 they left was acknowledged with a golden snufi-box
their native town for good, going first to filled with friedrichs d'ors, and for ten
years
Turin, thence through the larger cities of Friedrich Wilhelm's patronage enabled him
Lombardy, Piedmont, and Provence, arriv- to live tolerably at ease. But this enthusi-
ing finally iu Paris. There, as elsewhere, astic patron died in 1797, and about the
they had unbounded success, both in private same time a pension which Boccherini had
salons and at the Concerts Spirituels. The received from the Spanish Government was
eagerness of the Paris publishers to get withdrawn. During the previous decade
Boccheriui's compositions incited the young private misfortunes had not been wanting ;
artist to fresh efforts, and from this time he lost a wife and two adult sons,
and a
forward he was an untiring producer. Act- second wife died soon after her marriage.
ing on the advice of the Spanish ambassa- His health was very poor, and severe hem-
dor, Boccherini and Manfredi set out for orrhages of the lungs would at times force
Madrid, then the Eldorado of musicians, in him to give up violoncello playing. AVhilo
the fall of 1768. Arrived there, JNIanfredi Lucien Bonaparte was ambassador to the
was more successful than his friend, getting Spanish court (October, 1800, to February,
almost immediately the position of first vio- 1802) his circumstances were made easier
lin in the chajsel of the Infante Don Luis, by the art-loving Frenchman's
munificent
but Boccherini some time later was ap- patronage. But when the latter was recalled,
pointed chamber composer and chamber abject poverty again stared Boccherini in
virtuoso. In 1780 Manfredi died, leaving the face. The friendship of the Marquis of
Boccherini to depend wholly upon his own Benavente was of some little help to him,
resources. This was a terrible blow to but the hundred francs paid by that noble-
Boccherini, who was nothing of a man of man for each quartet with guitar obligato
the woi-ld, and had a thorough distaste for that he wrote for his especial use did not
the intrigues inseparable from the life of a go very far, and he had to eke out a liveli-
virtuoso at court. His career, which had hood by rearranging many of his works for
begun so brilliantly, was henceforth to be various instruments to satisfy the taste of

but a succession of humiliations and priva- several of the j\Iarquis's friends. He at
tions. His productiveness as a composer length determined to seek better fortunes
was astounding, but he was very ill xâid for in France. Some French friends spoke in
his work. To till Manfredi's place, Bocche- his behalf to Madame Sophie Ga'il, a brill-
rini had Gaiitano Bruuetti invited to come iant French pianist and singer then in
to Madrid. Brunetti, a pupil of Nardini, Madrid, and she interested herself keenly
was a brilliant violinist and clever composer, in the poverty-stricken old musician's be-
who had won a considerable reputation iu half. She went to see him, and found him
Germany and Paris. On his arrival in Ma- whole family in a single mis-
living with his
drid Boccherini overwhelmed him with kind erable room, in need of even the bare neces-
attentions, which he accepted so long as he saries of life but, in spite of his poverty,
;
needed the master's patronage, and then he refused her offer of one hundred louis-
repaid them with the blackest ingratitude. d'ors for a Stabat Mater which he had prom-
The wily violinist succeeded in estranging ised to a Paris editor (Sieber) for sixty
the court interest from Boccherini, and, ducats. But her charity bettered his con-
when the Infante died, in 1785, the latter had dition somewhat, and he could always for-
to lookaround him for another patron. An get his troubles if he had music-paper and
unlucky accident made Charles IV. his im- pen and ink at hand. He never lived to
;
;
BOCCIIEllINI
visit Paris again. Boccberiui'fg genius was Villancicos (motets for Christmas) for four
eminently original and inventive ; the whole voices and orchestra ; Ines de Castro, can-
form of his compositions and his manner tata (the master's last work) 13 Arie acad- ;
of treating his themes are as much liis own emiche with orchestral accompaniment. In-
as his melodies themselves. His harmony, strumental works First Symphony, 4 parts :
if not invariably correct, is full of delicious with horn ad lib. (Paris, Grange, 1767) ;
and unexpected effects. In general, his Op. 1, Sei sinfonie ossia quartetti (Paris).
style is noted for its simple naturalness and His instrumental works, which number up-
naivete. In freshness and grace of melodic wards of 366, were mostly originally pub-
inspiration, and in purity of sentiment, he lished by Vernier and La Chevardiere, also
has hardly been surjsassed his adagios and by Ignaz Pleyel in Paris, and reprinted in
;
minuets are stiU marvels of beauty his fi- Amsterdam, London, Offenbach, Worms,
;
nales alone seem antiquated. The great Mannheim, Vienna, Naples, etc. Much con-
simplicity and a certain childlike innocence fusion exists in the opus numbers, different
of his style are what has probably stood in publishers but rarely agreeing either among
the way of his works being duly appreciated themselves or with Bocchei'iui's MS. cata-
in Germany but he and his predecessor logue 20 symphonies (11 of them in MS.)
; :
Sammartini would have occupied very much 8 Sinfonies concertantes 1 suite of min- ;
the position in Italian instrumental music uets for orchestra (MS.) 1 concerto for vio- ;
that Haydn and Mozart did in German, loncello 113 quintets for 2 violins, viola,
;
had not Italy so neglected instrumental and 2 violoncelli (of which 20 in MS.) 12 ;
compo-sition since Boccheriui's day. As it quintets for 2 violins, 2 violas, and violon-
is, Cberubini was the only Italian to con- cello (MS.) IG sextets (of which 2 iu MS.)
;
tinue Boccheriui's work in the field of cham- 2 octets 18 quintets for flute, or oboe,
;
ber music. Boccheriui's most famous works and strings 12 quintets for pianoforte and ;
are his quintets, most of which are for 2 vio- strings 91 quartets for 2 violins, viola, and
;
lins, viola, and 2 violoncelli, an arrangement violoncello (of which 2 iu MS.) 42 trios for ;
which has been but rarely imitated since, 2 violins and violoncello (of which 2 in MS.)
but which is suflSciently accounted for by 12 trios for violin, viola, and violoncello 6 ;
the composers intending the first violon- duets for 2 violins 6 sonatas for pianoforte ;
cello part for himself, thus giving him a bet- and violin G sonatas for violin (violoncello ?)
;
ter chance for the display of virtuosity than and bass. A complete catalogue of all Boc-
the usual violoncello part (bass) iu a quintet cherini's works may be found in Schletterer.
could legitimately afford. Indeed, the difS- A nearly complete edition of the trios and
'
culty and importance of the first vio- .

loncello jjart is quite characteristic of
the Boccherini quintet.
woi'ks
Giuseppe
:
Published
Vocal La Clementina, opera,
given at Lucca, 17G5, Madrid, 1786
ricouosciuto,
;
.*<j^
Lucca, quintets was begun in Paris by Janet & Co-

oratorio,
^
1786 ; Gioas, Re di Giuda, oratorio, ib., telle in 1824. L. Picquot, Notice sur la vie
1786 ; Messa a quattro, con tutti instru- et les ouvragea de Luigi Boccherini, suivi
meuti obligati, op. 59, 1800 Stabat du catalogue raisonnu de toutes ses oeuvres
;
Mater for three voices with string accom- (Paris, 1851) D. M. Cerfi, Cenui intorno ;
paniment, op. 61, 1800-1 Cantata al S. alia vita di Luigi Boccherini (Lucca, 1864)
; ;
Natale di N. S. Gesti Christo, a 4 voci ob- M. Cristal, Luigi Boccherini, in Le Menes-

ligati, coro e instrumenti, op. 63, 1802 trel, 41ii'me annee (Paris, 1875)
;
H. M. ;
Cantici sacri for 4 voices and orchestra Schletterer, Luigi Boccherini, No. 39 of
;
200
; :
BOCHSA
Sammlung musikalischer Vortriige (Leipsic, in 1817, and took refuge in London, where
Bi-eitkopf & Hiirtel, 1882) Dwighfs Jour- he tauglit the harp, and had among his pu-
;
nal, xxix. 178. pils Parish-Alvars and Chatterton. In 1822

BOCHSA, KARL, bom in Bohemia, died he imdertook, with Sir George Smart, the
in Paris in 1821. Virtuoso ou the flute and Lenten oratorios, and in 1828 assumed entire
clarinet, oboist in the orchestra of tlie thea- direction of them. He was appointed pro-
tres in Lyons and Bordeaux. In 180G he fessor of the harp and general secretary to
went to Paris, where he became a music- the Royal Academy of Music at its institu-
dealer. Works 3 quartets for clarinet, tion, but was dismissed in 1827. Succeed-
:
violin, viola, and bass, op. 1 (Paris, Janet, ing Coccia, he conducted Italian opera at
1799) ;
Momigny) ; 3 do., op. the King's Theatre in 1826-32, eloped with
3 do. (Paris,
3 (ib., Sieber) 3 nocturnes in quartets, Sir Henry Bishoji's wife in 1839, and with
;
books 1 and 2 3 quartets for oboe,

;
book 1 her made a concert tour through Europe
2 do., book 2 3 do., ;
book 3 ; 6 duos con-

certauts for wo
/^>$^^;5^^
t
oboes, op. 5 (Paris,

P1eye1 ) ; Concerto
for clarinet, op. 53 ;
2 quintets ; Method
for the flute (Paris, Omont) ; do. for the and America, and finally went to Sydney,
clarinet (ib.). Fotis ; Mendel, where he died of dropsy. Works Operas
BOCHSA, EOBERT NICOLAS Trajan, given at Lyons, 1804 Les heritiers ;
CHARLES, born at de Paimpol, Paris, Opera Comique, 1813 ;
Montmedi (Meuse), Alphonse d'Aragon, Les heritiers Michau,

Aug. 9, 1789, died ib., 181-4 Les noces de Gamache, Le Roi
;
at Sydney, Austra- et la Ligue, La lettrede change, ib.,

lia, Jan. 7, 185fi. 1815 ; La bataille de Denain, Un mari
Dramatic compos- pour fitrenne, ib., 1816. Ballets Danso- :
er and celebrated manie (1806) Beniowski, or the Exiles

;
harpist, son of and of Kamchatka Le corsaire Le Deluge

; ;
first instructed by universel, oratorio, performed in London,

Karl Bochsa, then 1823 Requiem mass Apotheosis of Louis
; ;
pupil in composi- XVI.; Motet et Vivat Solo and chorus in

;
tion of Franz Beck at Bordeaux, and in 1806 three parts with instruments Overtures ;
of Catel and Mehul at the Conservatoire, and symphonies for orchestra Caprices, ;
Paris, where he studied also the harp under concertos, duos, fantaisies, nocturnes, so-
Nadermann and Marin, but soon formed a natas, studies, variations, and arrangements
style of his own, and revolutionized harp for the harjj alone and with other instru-
playing. He was a musical prodigy who ments Method for the harp, which is still ;
played a pianoforte concerto in public at the best of its kind. Fctis Grove Men- ; ;
the age of seven, comiôsed a symphony del ; Schilling.

when nine, had written several overtures BOCKELER, HEINRICH, born at Co-
and quartets when twelve, and brought out logne, July 11, 1836, still living, 1888, at
an opera at Lyons when sixteen. In 1813 Aix-la-Chapelle. Church composer, pupil
he became harpist to Napoleon I., and kept of the Conservatorium, Cologne, especially
his position under Louis XVHI. Detected of Ferdinand Hiller, in counterpoint. He
in forgeries, he was compelled to leave Paris became vicar in 1862 at Aix-la-Chapelle,
;;
BOCKSHORN
and Las had a great influence on the culti- jn'inter and publisher. In 1778 he went to
vation of church music in that city. In Weimar, and devoted himself to composi- .
1876 he was made choir director at the tion and literary work. He composed sym-
Stiftskirche. Works: Mangou, missa in phonies, concertos for violin, for violon-
summis festis Processionale, 3 books
; cello, for bassoon, trios, soli for viola d'
;
,
Songs for the different seasons of the amore, etc. Allgem. d. Biogr., ii. 795
church year, for male voices Latin songs Fetis Gerber, N. Lex.; Mendel Schilling.
; ; ;
for male and for mixed chorus Collection BODENSCHATZ, EKHAED, born at
;
of two-jjart songs, etc.

Mendel, Ergauz., Lichtenberg, Saxony, about 1570, died at
38. Gross-Osterhausen, near Querfurt, in 1638.
BOCKSHOEN, SAMUEL Church composer, studied theology at Leip-
(called Capri-
cornus), born became cantor at Schulpforta in 1600,
in sic,
Germany in 1629, jsastor at Rehhausen in 1603, and at Gross-

died at Stuttgart Osterhausen in 1608. His name is best re-
about 1669. H e membered by the following valuable collec-
was director of mu- tions, edited by him Florilegium Portense, :
sic at the Trinity containing 115 motets (Leipsic, 1603); do.,

Church, Presburg, 2d part, containing 150 motets (ib., 1621) ;
Hungary, and in Florilegium selectissimorum, etc. (ib., 1606).

1657 Kapellmeister His own works are Magnificat sampt Be- :
to the Duke of nedicamus (ib., 1599) Psalterium Davidis ;
Wiirtemberg at Stuttgart. Works : Kajjtus 1605) Harmonia angelica (ib., 1608)

(ib., ;
Proser2:)iufe, dramatic cantata, 1602 ; and Bicinia XC selectissima, etc. (ib., 1615).
many sonatas, capriccios, motets, chants, Allgem. d. Biogr.,
iii. 6 Fctis Gerber, N. ; ;
etc.,published in Nuremberg, Stuttgart, Lex.; Mendel.

Vienna, Wiirzburg, and other cities. The BOELY, ALEXANDRE PIERRE FRAN-
Royal Library at Berlin has the following gOIS, born at Versailles, April 19, 1785,
MSS. Miserere for five voices and instru-
: died in Paris, Dec. 27, 1858. Pianist and
ments ]\Iiserere for eight voices, four vio-
; organist, first instructed by his jDarents,
lins, and basso continuo Ecce quam bonum, ; then pupil at the Conservatoire of Laduruer
motet for five voices and instruments O
on the violin, and self taught in harmony.
;
bone lesu, five voices and five viols. All-

In 1830 he devoted himself to the study of
gem, d. Biogr., ii. 792 Fetis. the organ, and was for several years organ-
;
BOCQUILLON-WILHEM. See Wilhem. ist at Saint-Germain I'Auxerrois. Works :
BODE, JOHANN JOACHIM CHIIIS- 2 sonatas for pianoforte, op. 1 30 caprices, ;
TOPH, born Barum, Brunswick, Jan. 16, op. 2 Air varie for pianoforte and violin,
at ;
1730, died at Weimar, Dec. 13, 1793. In- op. 3 Duo for jiianoforte for i hands, op. 4 ; ;
strumental composer, first instructed by the 3 trios for strings, op. 5 30 etudes, op. 6 ;
;
city musician Kroll at Brunswick (17-15), 2 caprices for -1 and 1 for 3 hands, op. 7 Ca- ;
then jjupil on the bassoon of the chamber price for ijianoforte solo, op. 8 4 offertories ;
musician Stolz at Helmstedt. Having ob- for organ, op. 9 Mass for Christmas, op. ;
tained a position in 1775 as oboe player at 10 ; 14 pieces for organ, op. 11 ; 24 do., op.
Celle,he went thence to Hamburg, where, 12, etc. Fetis.
besides teaching music, he edited the Ham- BOERS, JOSEPH KAREL, born at
burger Correspondent in 1762-63, and made Nymwegen in 1812, still living, 1888. Vio-
a sj)ecia]ty of translating from the English. linist, pupil of his father, and, at the Royal
He conducted the regular winter concerts, School of Music at The Hague, of Lubeck.
and later became Lessing's jiartner as a In 1831 he was made chef d'orchestre at
2U2
: ;
BOESSET
the National Opera, and in 1837 went to also the text of Weber's Preciosa. The
Paris, wliere lie spent two years, then was scene, laid in Scotland in the ballet, is trans-
chef d'orchestre at the theatre at Metz until ferred to Hungary in the opera. The work,
1841, when he returned which became at once popular in England,
to his native city ;
there he conducted a choral society, and in has been translated and successfullj- pro-
1853 went as musical director to Delft. In duced in nearly aU the languages of Europe,
1848 he conducted the great music festival and it will jDrobably keep the stage as long
at Arnheim, and in 1861 one at Nymwegen. as any of the ballad operas. It was repro-
He has composed a symphony, overtures, duced in Italian as La Zingara, at Her
choral works, cantatas, and several collec- Majesty's Theatre, London, Feb. 6, 1858.
tions of songs.
Fetis Supplement, i. 102 It was played as La Gitana in Hamburg
; ;
Mendel, Ergilnz.; Viotta. in Vienna and Berlin as Die Zigeunerin ;
BOESSET, ANTOINE, Sieur de Ville- and in Paris, in four acts and a prologue,
dieu, born in France about 158.5, died in French text by Saint-Georges, with several
1643. He was surintendant de la musique additional numbers by the composer, as La
des chambres du roi et de la reine, 1615- Bohemienne, at the Theatre Lyrique, Dee.
1617, under Louis XIII., and counsellor to 30, 1869.
that king in 1632. He was quite celebrated
in France for his airs for foiu' parts, which Original Cast, London, 1843.
appeared in several collections, as follows Arline JNIiss Roraer.
" Airs de cour a quatre et a cinq parties en
Thaddeus Mr. Harrison.
neuf livres" (1617, 1620, 1621, 1624, 1626, Gypsy Queen Miss Belts.
1629, 1630, 1632). The tenth is entitled Devilshoof :
Mr. Stretton.
"Airs de cour en tablature de luth," and was Count Arnheim jNIr. Borrani.
published after his death. Tlie first was Florestein INIr. Durnset.
translated into English as " Court Ayres
with their ditties Englished " (London, Arline, davighter of Count Arnheim, Gov-
1629). The National Library, Paris, has a ernor of Presburg, is rescued from the at-
collection in MS. He wrote a great deal of tack of a stag by Thaddeus, a Polish refu-
ballet music, among which are Ballet des gee, who has joined a troop of gypsies to
:
dix Verds (1614) Ballet danced by Louis escajê the Austrian soldiers.
; The exile, in-
XIII. (Jan. 29, 1617); Apollon '(1621); vited to the hunting banquet by the grate-
Fetes de Junon (1623) Les Fetes des fo- ful father, refuses to drink the health of the
;
rets de Saint-Germain (1625) Des Tri- Emperor, and is saved from the soldiers by
;
omphes (1635) ; His son, Jean Bap- Devilshoof, the gypsy chief, who is arrested
etc.
tiste Boiisset, was also musician to Louis for his interference and taken to the castle.
XIII. Fetis. Thaddeus is allowed to dejjart, and Devils-
BOHEMIAN GIRL, THE, grand opera hoof escapes, carrying Arline with him. The
in three acts, text by Alfred Bunn, music second act, twelve years later, shows Arline
by Balfe, first represented at Drury Lane, asleep in the Queen's tent in the gypsj' camp,
London, Nov. 27, 1843. The libretto is an with Thaddeus watching over her. On her
adaptation of La Gipsy, a ballet written for awaking, Thaddeus tells her of her rescue
Fanny Ellsler by Saint-Georges and Mazil- from the stag, which explains a scar upon
lier,music by Benoist, Thomas, and Mar- her arm, and declares his love, which is re-
liani,given at the Opera, Paris, Jan. 28, turned, and the two are united, according to
1839, which in turn was taken from "Tlie the gypsy custom, by the Queen, who, also
Gj-psy of Madrid," one of the "Novelaa in love with Thaddeus, at the same time
Ejemplares " of Cervantes, which furnished vows vengeance. During a visit to a fair in
BOHLEN
the city, Aiiiue arrested for the theft of a cantor at Jever.
is His numerous and greatly
medallion, stolen some time previously from esteemed compositions were left in manu-
Florestein, nephew of Count Aruheim, and script. Fetis Mendel Schilling. ; ;
maliciously given her by the Queen. She is BOHM, HEINRICH, born at Blatna,
taken for trial before Count Aruheim, who Bohemia, in 1836, still living, 1888. Dra-
questions her about the scar on her arm, and matic comjjoser son of the choir leader ;
through it discovers his long-lost daughter. at Blatna, who had also written an opera
In the third act, which opens in the salon called Krakonos. Heiurich is the author of
of Count Aruheim, Arline ajjpears in her thirty-five or more operas and operettas,
former position, but still retains her love for which are popular on the Bohemian stage.
Thaddeus, who, accompanied by Devilshoof, Grove Mendel. ;
has gained access to the castle. The Gyjjsy BOHM, JOHANN, born at Blatna, Bo-
Queen, intent on revenge, j'oints out the hemia, in 1810, died there in 1869. Organ-
place of concealment of her companions, and ist,wrote masses, choruses, and songs, also
Thaddeus is ordered to leave. Arline de- a Czech fairy-opera, Krakonos, which is,
clares her love and her intention to accom- however, unfinished. Another composer of
pany him, Thaddeus jjroves his noble de- the same name was an eminent violinist and
scent, and the Count him the
finally gives orchestra conductor during the last decades
hand of his daughter. The Queen, enraged, of the eighteenth and at the beginning of this
orders one of the tribe to shoot Thaddeus, ceutui-y. The following operas by him were
but Devilshoof throws ujj the weapon and given in Germany Das Muster der Liebe, :
the bullet pierces the Queen's breast. Among Die Braut im Schleier, Philander, about
the noteworthy numbers in the Bohemian 1800 Philemon und Baucis, about 1805.
;
Girl are, in the first act :

" 'Tis sad to leave BOHM, JOSEPH, born at Pesth, March
your Fatherland," sung by Thaddeus, and 4, 1795, died in Vienna, March 23, 1876.
the closing prayer, "Thou who, in might Violinist of repute and pupil of his father
supreme." In the second: " Silence, silence, and of Kode. He jjlayed with success at Vi-
the Lady Moon," a chorus by the gypsies ;
enna in 1815, travelled several years in Italy,
" I dreamt I dwelt in marble halls," and phu'ed at La Scala, Milan, and returned in
" Come with the gypsy bride," sung by Ar- 1819 to Vienna, where he was appointed vio-
line "From the valleys and hills," quartet
; linist to the Royal Chapel and professor of
by Arline, tlie Queen, Devilshoof, and Thad- the violin at the Conservatorium, retiring iu
deus and "The heart bowed down," by
; 1848. He travelled through Germany and
Count Arnheim. In the third " When : France for two years, giving concerts in the
other lips and other hearts," and " When principal cities. For fifty years he resided
the fair land of Poland," both sung by at Vienna and earned renown as a teacher,
Tliaddeus. W. A. Barrett, Balfe (London, having for j)upils Ernst, Joachim, Ludwig
1882), 15-4 ; Kenney, Memoir, 182. Straus, Singer, Helmesberger, and many
BOHLEN, ADRIAN, born at Aurich, other well-known violinists. He published
East Friesland, Oct. 19, 1G79, died at Jever, 20 compositions for the violin, among which
March 17, 1727. Church composer of dis- are Polonaise pour le violon, op. 1. Varia-
: ;
tinction,contemporary of Bach, jjupil of his tions brillantes, op. 2 Polonaise for violin, ;
father on the organ and harpsichord, and at two second violins, alto and bass, op. 8 ;
Norden of the organist Druckmiiller. He Quartets for two violins, alto and bass.
studied theology at Wittenberg, and became
Fctis Hanslick, Concertweseu in Wien,
;
cantor in his native city, and in 1700 went 205, 231 Mendel Hart, Violin and Vio- ; ;
to Hamburg, whence he was called to Stade linists. 435 Wasielewski, Die Violine und ;
as director of music. In 1705 he became ihre Meister, 346.
204
BOHM
BOHM, THEOB.ILD, born in Municli, (Leipsic, Hofmeister) Sonatas for piano-
;
April 4, 1794 Nov. 25, ISSl.

ilied there, forte, op. 15 (ib.) ; Fantasia with variations
Flute player of distinction and inventor of for clarinet and orchestra, op. 21 (Leipsic,
the well-known system of flute-fingering Breitkopf & Hiirtel) ; Variations for horn
which is named after him, and which he with quartet, op. 24 (Mainz, Schott) ; Sonata
perfected in 1831. He was Kammermu- for pianoforte and violin, op. 37 (Copen-
sicus at Munich, and composed many brill- hagen, Lose) ; Variations for piauoforte, op.
iant works for his instrument, consisting 3, 6, 12, 20, 51, 53, 55 (Leipsic, Coburg, Of-
of polonaises, fantaisies, variations, etudes, fenbach, Bonn, Nuremberg) ; Fantasias,
etc. He was
author also of a work en- caprices, bagatelles, etc., for do., op. 19, 22,
titled, Uber den Flotenbau und die neusten 31, 91, 92 (Leijisic, Hamburg, Frankfort, and
Verbesserungen desselben (Mainz, 1847). Augsburg) Quartets for 2 violins, viola, and ;
Grove ; Fctis ; Mendel ; Schilling. Fantasia for two pianofortes, op. 60

bass ; ;
BOHME, (FRANZ) MAGNUS, born at Variations for pianoforte with orchestra, op.
Willerstedt, near Weimar, March 11, 1827, 120 (last work) Der Dreiherrensteiu, op-
;
still living, 1888, at Dresden. Vocal com- era ; Overtures for grand orchestra Twelve ;
poser, pupil of G. Tiipfer, then at Leipsic of quartets for string instruments ; Motets ;
Moritz Hauptmann and Julius Rietz ; lived Several collections of songs. AUgem. d.
for twenty years in Dresden teaching music, Biogr., iii. 82 ; Fetis ; Mendel ; Schilling.
and received the title of royal professor. In BOHRER, ANTON, born iu Munich in
1878-85 he was jsrofessor of musical history 1783, died at Hanover iu 1852. Violinist,
and counterpoint at Hoch's Conservatorium son of and first iustructed by Caspar Bohrer,
in Frankfort, and since 1886 has lived again a celebrated double-bass player and trumjs-
iu Dresden. He has composed several eter (1744-1809) pupil of Danzi iu com-
;
books of sacred choruses, and popular songs position, and in Paris of Winter and Kreut-
for male chorus.
Mendel, Ergiinz., 40. zer on the violin. He was made violin
BOHNER, JOHANN LUDWIG, born at player iu the court orchestra at Munich,
Tottelstiidt,Gotha, Jan. 8, 1787, died at and travelled iu Bohemia and Austria with
Gotha, March 28, 1860. Pianist and or- his father. Subsequently he undertook a
ganist, pupil at Erfurt of G. H. Kluge on musical tour with his brother Maximilian
the organ, and of Michael Gotthardt Fischer through Switzerland, France, etc. on their ;
iu composition, then of Spohr at Gotha, return to Munich they studied togethei', to

whence iu 1808 he went to Jena. In 1810 prepare for a protracted concert tour through
he set out on a concert tour through North Germany, Holland, Austria, Poland, and
Germany to Sweden, then to Switzerland, Russia, on which they started in 1810.
winning applause everywhere, and living Having narrowly escaped deportation to
for five years at Nuremberg, where his best Siberia, and silent a year at St. Petersburg,
compositions originated. In 1820 he re- they went through Finland, Sweden, and
turned to his native town and afterwards led Denmark, to England, returned to Munich
an unsteady life, becoming a confirmed in 1814, gave concerts in Paris, with brill-
drunkard, and finally playing in taverns for iant success, iu 1815 and again after a sec-
a supper. Works Quartet for piauoforte,
: ond visit to Englaud, then went to Berlin,
violin, viola, and bass, op. 4 (Leipsic, Breit- where Anton was appointed Conzertmeister
kopf & Hiirtel) Concertos for pianoforte
; in the royal orchestra. They went to Italy
with orchestra, op. 7, 8, 11 (ib.) ; Serenade in 1820, returniug to Berlin in 1824, when
for two violins, viola, flute, 2 horns, bas- they quarrelled with Spontini and threw up
soon, violoncello, and double-bass, op. 9 their positions to return to Munich. There
(ib.) ; Concertos en fantaisie, op. 13, 14 they married two distinguished pianists
80.5
BOHREE
who were sisters, and in this new artistic at any rate, he began to live in Broche's
association won new triumphs in Italy and house when quite young, although his mas-
in 1827 in Paris, which they left at the ter treated him
outbreak of the Eevolution of 1830, when with great bru-
for the first time the brothers separated, tality. Fright-
and Anton, after travelling about, went in ened one day at
1834: to Hanover as Conzertmeister. His having made
works consist of concerted symphonies for an ink-spot on
violin and violoncello (Paris, Pleyel) Four ;
one of Broche's
concertos for violin and orchestra, op. 9, 12, books, the boy
17, 27 (Paris and Offenbach) Quartets for ;
ran away to
2 violins, viola, and bass, op. 23 Trios for ;
Paris, where
2 violins and violoncello, op. 13 do. for vio- ; he was found
lin, viola, and violoncello, op. 14 and 15 ;
by his family
Caprices or etudes for violin ;Duos for vio- after some trouble, and brought back to
lin and violoncello, and a number of airs Rouen, Broche promising to treat him more
varies for violin with orchestra. Fetis ;
kindly in future. What Boieldieu learned
Mendel ; Schilling ; Meyer, Con. Lex. of Broche can hardly have been more than
BOHRER, MAXIMILIAN, born in Mu- rudimentary, but there are no authentic ac-
nich in 1785, died (?). Celebrated violon- counts of his having studied under anj'
cellist, brother of Anton Bohrer, and pupil other master. His native talent was of the
of Schwartz at Munich. In 1799 he became finest, and he had a very quick power of
a member of the court orchestra, and later observation, but his distaste for serious
travelled with his brother. Having heard study of harmony and counterjDoint was un-
Romberg in Vienna, he adopted him as hia conquerable. Hia great ambition was to
model. After leaving Paris in he write for the stage accordingly he wrote
1830, ;
travelled in an opera, La fille coupable, which was

Germany and was made first
violoncellist and Conzertmeister at the court brought out at Rouen in 1793 with much
of Stuttgart went to Russia for the second success. His success made him ambitious
;
time in 1838, and in 1840 journeyed through to try his fortunes in the capital, but it is
Italy. From 1842 to 1843 he was in Amer- uncertain whether he left Rouen immedi-
ica, and on his return visited Holland, Bel- ately, or in 1795 after the performance of a
gium, and England. Works 3 concertos second opera, Rosalie et Myrza when he
: ;
for violoncello, ijublished in Paris and Ber- did leave his native town, he made the jour-
lin ;Airs varies Fantaisie with orchestra ney to Paris on foot (having hardly any
;
on Russian national airs, op. 21 Eondoletto money) in two days. He brought an intro-
;
with quartet, op. 22 Duos for violin and duction from the singer Garat to Jadin, at
;
violoncello.
Fetis; ]\Iendel Schilling. whose house, and at Erard's, he met the
;
BOIELDIEU, FRANCOIS
ADRIEN, principal musical notabilities then in Paris.
born in Rouen, France, Dec. 16, 1775, died He had a pretty talent on the pianoforte,
at Jarcy, near Grosbois, Oct. 8, 1834. His and soon made quite a reputation for him-
father was secretary to Archbishop La- self, in musical circles, by his songs, such as
rochefoucauld, and his mother kept a milli- "Le menestrel," "S'il est vrai que d'etre
nery shop. The young Boieldieu took his deux," and " O toi que j'aime," but the doors
first musical instruction from Broche. or- of the lyric theatres were shut against him
ganist at the cathedral and a pupil of Pulrc for some time. Although intimate with,
Martini. It has been suspected that Boiel- and befriended by both Cherubini and Mv-
dieu's home life was not a ha23j)y one, but, hul, he characteristically neglected to avail
206
BOIELDIEU
liiiuself of the opportunity to take lessons importance. In 1811 Boieldieu returned
iu composilioii from either of them. He to Paris, where he found matters much
made bis debut as au oj)era composer in changed both Mehul and Cherubini had
;
Paris with La FainiUe Suisse, which was withdrawn from public life, Dalayrac was
brought out at the Feydeau iu 1797, and dead, and Catel worked but little the only ;
ran for thirty nights, alternating with Che- rival left him was Nioolo Isouard. Boiel-
rubini's Medee. Other operas followed dieu's first work after his return was Jean
quickly, until Le Calife de Bagdad, 1800, de Paris (1812), which had a stupendous
set the seal to his ever-growing reputation. success. What may be called Boieldieu's
This charming opera may be called the last third and finest period began properly with
and best of the first period of Boieldieu's Le Petit chaperon rouge (1818), a work
artistic career. During this period he also which took him two years to write. The
wrote some chamber music, to the success labor this opera cost him seriously affected
of which he owed his appointment as pro- his health, and he withdrew to the country.
fessor of the pianoforte at the Conservatoire. With the exception of some imimportant
It is said that, after Le Calife de Bagdad, works, written in conjunction with other
Boieldieu studied counterijoint seriously un- composers, Boieldieu produced nothing for
der Cherubini, but FcJtis (a pupil of Boiel- seven years after the Chaperon, but in 1825
dieu) denies the story. Indeed, the fact that he returned to Paris, and brought out La
Boieldieu did not produce another opera for Dame blanche, which has generally been
three years, and the internal evidence of considered his masterpiece. The success of
the vast improvement in his style when he this opera was overwhelming. Four years
took the stage again with Ma tante Aurore, later he brought out Les deux nuits, but
in 1803, would not, of themselves, be suffi- the work failed with the public, although
cient to prove the truth of the report ;
yet, the score had brought a very high jsrice be-
on the other hand, it is hard to conceive fore the ojjera was even put into rehearsal.
how the position of professor of composition The work of writing this opera, and the
at the Conservatoire should have been of- chagrin consequent upon its failure, com-
fered to, and acceptecl by him (about 1818) pletely broke down Boieldieu's already deli-
unless he had really gone through some such cate health laryngeal phthisis declared it-
;
course of training. A few months after self in a violent form, and the remainder of
the success of Ma tante Aurore, Boieldieu his life was mostly spent iu travelling in
went to St. Petersburg. In 1802 he had hope of recovery. He was troubled also
married Clotilde Matleuroy, tiio famous with apprehensions about his future means
dancer, an ill-advised union, which turned of livelihood, as the change of government in
out unhappily, and it is jî'obable that do- 1830 deprived him of an important pension.
mestic trials may have had something to do This was, however, re-given to him shortly
with his going to Russia. He accepted au before his death, together with an additional
engagement offered by the Czar Alexander, pension of three thousand francs granted by
by which he was bound to furnish three the Minister of the Interior. He died, on a
operas a year (the Czar to find the libretti), trip for his health to the South of France, at
be.sides writing music for the military bands. his own country-seat at Jarcy. His funeral
But the libretti were not forthcoming, and was celebrated at the Invalides in Paris.
Boieldieu was forced to take opera texts Boieldieu was elected a member of the In-
which had already been set by other com- stitut in 1817 iu place of Mehul, deceased.
posers, or else French comedies not well He was the greatest writer of opera-co-
adapted to music. Little that lie did dur- mique of his day indeed, Auber was prob-
;
ing his eight years' stay in Russia has any ably the only composer who ever surjjassed
S07
BOILLY
him in this field. His melodic itiventiou jeune femme colere, ib., Oct. 12, 1812 ;
was unbounded, and bis stj-le, especially in Les voitures versees, ib., Aj)ril 29, 1820.
his second and third periods, of the highest The following works were written by Boiel-
degree of finish and perfection. He had an dieu in collaboration with others Emma, :
especiallj^keen perception of theatrical ef- ou la prisonniere (with Cherubini), Paris,

fect, and always knew how to adapt his mu- Theatre Moutausier, Sept. 12, 1799 Le ;
sic to the requirements of the stage his baiser et la quittance (with Muhul, Kreut-
;
orchestration abounded in charming effects zer, and Isouard), Opera Comique, June 18,
of color. He was little of a harmonist, but 1803 Bayard a Mt'zieres (with Cherubini, ;
his stylewas in general so very simple, he Catel, and Isouard), ib., Feb. 12, 1814 Les ;
was tempted to modulate from the principal Bearnais, ou Henri IV. en voyage (with R.
key so rarely, and trusted so little to har- Kreutzer), ib., May 21, 1814 Angela, ou ;
monic effects that his writing is very jiure I'Atelier de Jean Cousin (with Mme Gail),
and free from faults. He wrote easily, but ib., June 13, 1814 Charles de France, ou ;
spent much time and conscientious labor in Amour et Gloire (with Herold), ib., June
retouching. His only works of importance 18, 181G Blanche de Provence, ou la Cour ;
are his operas La fille coupable, given at des Fees (with Berton, Cherubini, Ki-eutzer,
:
Eouen, Nov. 2, 1793 Rosalie et Myrza, ib., and Paer), Opera, INIay 3, 1821 Les trois
; ;
Oct. 28, 1795 La FaniUle Suisse, Paris, genres (with Auber), Odeon, April 27,
;
Theatre Feydeau, Feb. 12, 1797 L'heu- 1824 Pharamoud (with Berton and Kreut-
; ;
reuse nouvelle, ib., Nov. 8, 1797 Le Pari, zer), Opera, June 10, 1825
; La Marquise ;
ou Mombreuil et ]\Ierville, Theatre Favart, de Brinvilliers (with Auber, Batton, Berton,

Dec. 1797
15, Zora'ime et Zulnare,
;
ib.. May 1798 La Dot de Suzette,

11, ;
ib, Sept. 6, 1798 Les Meprises es- ;
pagnoles, Theatre Feydeau, April 19,

1799 Benioivski, Theatre Favart, June
;
8, 1800; Le Calife de Bagdad, ib.,

Sept. 16, 1800 Ma tante Aurore, Opera
;
Comique, Jan. 13, 1803 Aline, Reine ;
de Golconde, St. Petersburg, March 5, 1804 ; Blangini, Carafa, Cherubini, Herold, and
La jeinie femme colere, ib., April 18, 1805 ; PaOr), Opera Comique, Oct. 31, 1831. J.
Amour et mystere, ib., 1806 Abderkhan, ; A. Refuveille, Boieldieu, sa vie et ses ceu-
ib., 1806 Tel6maque, ib., Dec. 16, 1806
; ; vres (Rouen, 1851) ; G. Hequet, Boieldieu,
Un tour de soubrette, ib., 1807 ; Les voitures 1
sa vie et ses CBUvres (Paris, 1864) ; A. Pou-
versi'es, 1808 La dame invisible, ib.,
ib., ; gin, Boieldieu, sa vie, ses ceuvres, son ca-
1808 Rien de trop, ib., Dec. 25, 1810 Jean
; ; ractere, sa correspondance (Paris, 1875) ;
de Paris, Paris, Opera Comique, April 4, Garnier, Institut Royal de France, Fune-
1812 Le nouvean seigneur de village, ib.,
; railles de M. Boieldieu, Discours (Paris,
June 29, 1813; La y" te du village voisin, 1834) ; J. A. Wash, Proces-verbal de la cere-
ib., March 5, 1816 Le pe/i7 chaperon ; monie funebre en I'honneur de Boieldieia
rouge, ib., June 30, 1818 La France et ; (Rouen, 1835).
I'Espague, Hotel de Ville, Dec. 15, 1823 ;
j
BOILLY, EDOUARD, born in Paris,
La (lame blanche, Opt'ra Comique, Dee. 10, Nov. 16, Dramatic com-
1799, died (?).
1825 Les deux nuits, ib.. May 20, 1829.

;
'
poser, son of the genre painter Louis

Of the operas brought out at St. Petersburg Boilly pupil, at the Conservatoire, of Fe-
;
the following were repeated at Paris Rieu : tis and of Boieldieu, and won the grand
de troj). Opera Comique, April 9, 1811 La ; I

prix for composition, 1823. Having at first
;
BOISE
studied drawing and engraving, lie after- 44 ; Duos for two ilutes, op. 1, 2, G, 8, 13,
wards returned to the latter art. Works : 25 ; Trios for tiute, violin, and bass, op. 4,
Le bal du sous-prOfet, opera, given at the 7, 12, 37, 39, 41 ; Concertos for Hute, op.
Opera Comique, 1844 ; several others, not 15, 21, 31 ; Suites for two musettes, op. 11,
represented. Thisbe, cantata, 1823. Fe- 17, 27. Fc'tis ; Mendel.
tis ; do., Suppk'ment, i. 104 Mendel.
;
BOissELOT. do:mixique FR.\NgOIS
BOISE, OTIS B born, of Amer- XAVIER, born at MontpelUer, Dec. 3, 1811,
,
ican parentage, in Oberlin, Ohio, Aug. 13, still living, 1888, at Marseilles. Dramatic
1845, still living, 1888. When about four- composer, pupil of Fetis and of Lesueur at
teen years old he became organist of St. the Conservatoire, Paris, where he won the
Paul's Church, Cleveland. In 1861 he went second prize for composition in 1834, and
to Europe, and studied theory and compo- the first in 1836. After the death, in 1850,
sition in Leipsic under Hauptmann, Richter, of his father (founder of a great pianoforte
Moscheles, Wenzel, and others and three factory at INIarseilles), he abandoned his mu-
;
years he visited Berlin, where he sical career to take charge of the establish-
later
studied under KuUak. In 1864 he returned njent. Wôrks Ne touchez pas a la Reine, :
to America and became organist of the opera, given at the Opera Comique, 1847 ;
Euclid Avenue Presbyterian Church, Cleve- Mosquita la Sorciere, do.. Opera, 1851 Vel- ;
land in 1870 he removed to New York, leda, cantata, 183G

;
Overture for grand or- ;
where he taught music, and was for a time chestra, 1838 Melodies and romances, with ;
organist of the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian pianoforte. Fetis ; do.. Supplement, i. 105 ;
Church. In 1876 he again went to Europe, Mendel. ;
and visited Leipsic, where some of his mu- BOITO, ARRIGO, born at Padua, Italy,
sic was performed. The following year he Feb. 24, 1842, still
spent at Wiesbaden, where he made the ac- living, 1888. Dra-
quaintance of Raff in 1878 he returned to matic composer, pu-
;
New York. On Jan. 30, 1879, he gave a pil of Mazzucato at

concert in New
York, the programme con- the Couservatorio,
sisting entirely of hisown works. His com- Milan, which he fre-
positions consist of a Psalm for chorus and quented in 1853-62.
orchestra, symphonies, concertos, overtures, He first became
and smaller instrumental pieces. known as a musical
BOISMORTIER, JOSEPH BODIN DE, critic and a poet,
born Perpignan in 1691, died in Paris in visited Paris in 1862

at
1765. Dramatic composer of little merit and 1869, Germany,
went early in life to Paris, where he re- and Poland, and conceived such a liking for
ceived his musical education. Works Les German music and the musico-dramatic re-:
Voyages de I'Amour, ballet, given in Paris, forms of Wagner that he is sometimes called
Academic Royale de Mnsique, 1736 Don the Italian Wagner. He is the author of the
;
Quichotte chez la Duchesse, opera-ballet, libretti of Ponchielli's Gioconda, and other

ib., 1743 Daphnis et Chloe, pastoral, ib., operas, of his own operas, and of Verdi's
;
1747 Daphne, ballet (1748) Two col-

; ;
lections of motets 6 do. of French ;
cantatas Airs and vaudevilles, op. 16

;
Sonatas for viola, op. 10 Trios for two

; a\^ it
;
violins and bass, op. 18 Sonatas for ;
violoncello, op. 20, 50 do. for two bassoons, ; Otello, and of other poetical works. Works :
op. 14, 40 do. for dute, op. 3, 9, 19, 35,

; n quarto di Giugno, cantata (1860) Le ;
S09

;
r.OKEMEYER
Sorelle d' Italia, do. (with Faccio, 1862) of the Conservatorio in 1833 ; he was also
Mefislofele, opera, given at Milan, Teatro conductor of the court orchestra and mu-
della Scala, 1868 Ere e Leandre (MS.)
; ;
sical instructor in the royal family. Knight
Nerone (MS.) Ode (1880). Meyer, Con v.
;
of the order of Christ. Works : Two con-
Lex., xviii.; Eiemann. certos for pianoforte with orchestra ; So-
B0KE:MEYEK, HEINRICH, Ijom at Im- natas for pianoforte, op. 1, 5 (Paris, 1803) ;
mensee, nearCelle, March, 1679, diedatWol- Fantasias and variations for do.; Requiem
fenbiittel, Dec. 7, 1751. Church comiioser, mass in memory of Camoens, op. 23 (Paris,
j)upil of Georg Oesterreich at Brunswick ;
Ledue, 1819) ; Two other requiem masses ;
became cantor at Husiim in 1712, and in Solemn mass for the iDroniulgation of the
1720 at Wolfenbiittel, having returned to constitution, Lisbon, 1821 ; Matins and re-
Brunswick in 1717. His compositions have sponses for the dead ; Method for the pi-
become extremely rare, and he is now anoforte (London, 1816) ; Alessandro nell'
better known by his writings on mu.sic. Indie, opera. Fetis ; Vasconcellos.

Allgem. d. Biogr., iii. 93; Fetis ; Mendel, BONA, PASQUALE, born at Cerignola,
Schilling. Naples, Nov. 3, 1816, died in Milan, Jan.,
BOLCK, OSIvAR, born at Hohenstein, 1879. Dramatic composer, pupil of the Con-
East Prussia, March i, 1839, died at Bremen, servatorio del Buon' Pastore, Palermo be- ;
May 2, 1888.Dramatic composer, jjupil of came professor of harmony at the Conserva-

Paetzold at Konigsberg, then of Moscheles, torio, Milan, in 1851. Works I Luna e i Pe- :
Hauptmann, Kichter, and Rietz at the Con- rollo, given at Milan, Scala, 1844 Don Carlo, ;
servatorium, Leipsic. He held positions as ib., 1847 R Gladiatore, Turin, Teatro Eegio; ;
music teacher at various institutions 1861 Vittoria, la madre degli eserciti, Genoa, Te-
:
at Wiborg, Finland, 1866 in Liverpool, 1867 atro Carlo Felice, 1863 Funeral cantata ;
in London, 1875 at Riga, returning between in memory of Cavour La Settimana musi- ;
times to Leijisic in 1862, 1867, 1872, and cale, 7 duos for pianoforte and clarinet La ;
1878 was Kapellmeister at the theatre in Collana Verdiana, fantasias for violin and
;
Wurzburg, 1868, and at Aix-la-Chapelle, violoncello 50 duets without words 7 ; ;
1869, for several years chorus-master at the methods for different voices 4 collections ;
Stadttheater in Leipsic, and since 1886 has of vocalises 100 daily exercises 100 sol- ; ;
lived in the same capacity at Hamburg. feggi. Fetis, Supplement, i. 107.

Works: Lustspiel-Ouverture (1861) Pierre BONA, VALERIO, born at Brescia, Lom-
;
Robin, opera (186-1), given at Riga, 1875 bard}-, flourished in the second half of the
;
Gudrun, do. (1865) Der Schmied von 16th century was living in 1619. A Fran-
; ;
Gretna Green, do., Leipsic, 1882 Two An- ciscan monk of the Order of Cordeliers, he
;
thems (London, Novello & Co.) Six songs, was maestro di cappella of the cathedral at
;
op. 5 ;Miidchens Gestiindnisse, for voice and Vercelli and at Moudovi, and maestro of the
pianoforte, op. 7 Sechs Charakterbilder, chvirch of San Francisco, Milan. Works
; :
for iîauoforte, op. 46 Herbstklilnge, five Motetti a 8 voci (Milan, 1591)

; Lamenta- ;
songs for baritone or contralto, op. 51. zioni (Venice, 1591) ; Madrigali a cinque
Mendel, Ergilnz., 41 Riemann.; motets, from
(Milan, 1600) ; Masses and
BOIMTEMPO, JOAO D0:MING0S, born 1591 to 1611. In the National Library,
at Lisbon, Portugal, in 1775 (or 1781), died Paris, is an Introitus Missarum, octo vo-
there, Aug. 13, 1842. Piani.st, went in 1806 cum, etc. (Antwerp, 1639). He was also a
to Paris to complete his musical education, didactic writer. Ft'tis Gerber, N. Lex. ;
;
and lived there, with the exception of a Schilling.

short sojourn in London, until 1820, when BONAMICI, FERDI NANDO, Italian
he returned to Lisbon, and became director composer, contemporary. He is the author
210
;
:
BONAWITZ
of Liila Wilson, opera seria, textby Goli- from tbe elder Dumas' "Le Chevalier Saint-
sciaui, represented at the Teatro Nuovo, Georges."The opera, which was a success,
Pisa, Jan. 31, 1878 Cleopatra, opera seria, was sung by Miss Romer, Miss Rebecca
;
represented at La Feuioe, Venice, Feb. 8, Isaacs, and Messrs. Weiss, Harrison, Harley,
IST'J. and Rafter. It was produced at tbe Court
BONAWITZ, JOHANN HEINRICH, Opera, Berlin, in 1849, as Dcr Mulatto,
born at Diirkheim-ou-tbellbiue, Dee. 4, with Frau Koesler and Herr Mauting in tbe
1839, still living, 1888. Dramatic com- chief roles. Barrett, Balfe, 187, 204 ; Ken-
poser and pianist, pupil of tbe Liege Con- ney, Memoir, 215.
servatoire, lie went in 1852 witb bis pa-
English tragedy in five acts, BONDUCA,
rents to America, wbence be returned to text by Betterton, with music by Henry
Europe in 1861 to complete bis musical Purcell, represented in London, 1696. The
education. In 1861-66 be lived at Wies- libretto is an adaptation of Beaumont and
baden, tbeu in Paris and London, went to Fletcher's "Bonduca" (1616), which is
New York in 1871, and tbere conducted founded upon the story of Bonduca or Boa-
tbe popular symphony concerts in 1872-73. dicea in Taeitus's "Annals" (Books sii. and
After a successful concert tour tbrongb tbe xiv.). The music was composed in 1695,
United States, be lived in Pbiladelpbia in the last year of Purcell's life, and the piece
1874-76, tbeu for several years in Vienna, was brought out after bis death. Tbe work
wbence be undertook various concert tours has some powerful and pathetic scenes, but
of late, again in London (1887). Works is quite unfit for tbe modern stage. Edited
Diogenes, comic opera (1870) The Bride by Edward F. Rimbault, and published by
;
of Messina, opera, given in Pbiladelpbia, the Musical Antiquarian Society (Loudon,

1874 Ostrolenka, do., ib., 1875 Irma, do., 1841). Hogarth, i. 183.
; ; 1
London, 1885 Requiem mass, ib., 1881; BONESI, BENEDETTO, born at Ber- ; I
Fantaisie de concert, op. 22 Sur la mer, gamo about 1750, died in Paris in 1812.
;
grande fantaisie, op. 28 Concerto for pi- Dramatic composer and singer, pupil of
;
j
anoforte witb orchestra, op. 36 do. for two Augusto Cantoni in singing, and at Milan of
;
pianofortes Sonata for pianoforte and Andrea Fioroni in comjjosition. He went

;
j
violin. Of). 40 Quartet for pianoforte and to Paris in 1779, and became vocal instruc-
;
string instruments.
Fetis, Supplement, i. tor at tbe Comudie Italieune. Works Pyg- :
107 Mendel do., Ergiinz., 42 Riemann. malion, duodrama, given at the Comedie
; ; ;
[
BONDINERI, mCHELE, born in Flor- Italienne, 1780 Judith, oratorio, Concert ;
ence about 1750, died about 1798. Dra- Spirituel, 1781 La niagie a la mode, ojjera, ,
;
matic composer and singer (under the name Theatre Beaujolais, 1782 Le rosier, do., ;
of Neri) as a writer of operas a local celeb- ib., 1782

; Amasis, ballet, ib., 1788. He ;
rity of Florence, where tbe following works also wrote Traite de la mesure, etc. (Paris,
were given La serva in contesa, 1784 II 1806), which is bis best production. Fetis
:
; ;
matrimonio in Cantina, 1785 La locau- Mendel. ;
diera, 1786 Le spose provenzale. La finta

; BONPICHI, PAOLO, born at Livraga,
uobile, 1787 L'autunno, II maestro jjer- Lombardy, Oct. 16, 1769, died at Lodi,
;
seguitato, ogni disuguaglianza amore ugu- Dec. 29, 1840. Church composer, showed
aglia, 1788 II veccbio spezziale deluso in early great talent for music, and learned to
;
amore, 1791. Fetis Mendel. play on tbe pianoforte and tbe organ with-
;
BONDMAN, THE, English opera in out a teacher. At Parma, where he studied

three acts, textby Alfred Bunn, music by at tbe university, an old maestro of Marti-
Balfe, represented at Drury Lane Theatre, ni's school taught him to accompany figured
London, Dec. 11, 1846. Subject adapted basses and to read scores. At the age of
Sll
;
BONHEUE
eighteen be entered the Order of Servites, and during the first half of the 18tli cen-
and 1789 went to Kome, where he stud-
in tury. Dramatic composer, author of the
ied counterpoint under Guglielmi, and the following operas II gran Macedone, given
:
works of the classic German and Italian in Rome, 1690 Almerinda, 1691 ; Almira, ;
masters. On the sup23ression of his order 1691 La vittoria nella Costanza, Venice,
;
in 1805 he retired to Milan, whence in 1828 Teatro Sant' Angiolo, 1702 Endimione, ;
he was called to Eome as maestro di cappella Naples, 1702 Armida al caiupo, Venice,
;
at the Santa Casa di Loreto. Works Orato- 1707; Circe delusa, Italy, 1711; La Virtii
rios :La morte d' Adamo La genesi La ; ; fra iNemici, Venice, Teatro San Mose, 1718;
nuvoletta d' Elia E Paradise perduto II ; ; Ariana abbandonata, Venice, 1719 L' In- ;
passagio del mar rosso Elia sul Carmelo ; ganno fortunato, ib., 1721 II Vinceslao, ;
Ester, ossia La morte d' Amanno I tre Fau- ; Turin, 1721 Pertarido, re de' Longobardi,
;
ciulli nella Fornaee di Babilouia La morte Venice, 1727. ;

Fetis.
di Baldassare ; La resurezione born at Ypres (or ; La discesa BONMARCHE, JEAN,
al limbo L' ascensioue di Maria II figli- Valenciennes?) about 1520. Church com-
; ;
uol prodigo La decolazione di S. Giovanni poser, became canon and choirmaster at

;
Battista. Cantatas H trionfo di Giuditta Cambrai, and in 1565 maestro de capilla to

:
II trasporto dell' area II natale di Gesh Philip n. of Spain (at Brussels ?).
; In his
Cristo La epifania La j)entecoste I trat- old age he seems to have retired to Valen-
; ; ;
tenimenti di S. Filipino Neri L' iuveuzione ciennes. His masses and motets (MS.) are;
Cau-
e Kej)osizione del Corjjo di Sta Cecilia ; in the library of the Escurial. Biog. nat. de
tico di Zacharia. Operas La Climene, per- : Belgique, ii. 685 ; Fetis.
formed at Parma Abradata e Dircea, Tur- ; BONNAY, FRANgOIS, flourished in
in, 1817 Lauretta (?), opera buft'a
; Ten ; Paris about 1780-1800. Dramatic com-
Masses Requiem Two Miserere
; Five ; ; poser,and violinist in the orchestra of the
Magnificat Te Deum Stabat Mater Many
; ; ; Opera in Paris about 1787. Member of
Tantum ergo Hj'mns Psalms Versets
; ; ; ;
the Academie Roj'ale de Musique. Works:
Many overtures and other instrumental Colin et Colette, given in Paris, Theatre de
pieces. Fetis ; Mendel ; Schilling. Beaujolais, 1786 ; Les deux jaloux, Les cu-
BONHEUR DE LA TABLE. See Hu- rieux punis, La fete de I'arquebuse, ib.,
guenots. 1787 Les amants ridicules, ib., 1790.

;
BONIFORTI, CARLO, bora at Ai-ona, BONNET, JEAN BAPTISTE, bom at

Piedmont, in 1818, died at Trezzo d'Adda, Montauban (Taru-et-Garoune), April 23,
Lombardy, Oct. 10, 1S79. Dramatic com- 1763, time of death not known. Violinist,
poser, pupil at jNIilan of Bouazzi, whom he pupil of Giornovicqhi and of Mestrino was ;
succeeded 1811 as organist at the cathe- first violin in the theatre orchestras at Brest
in
dral, and royal maestro di cai^jsella, retain- and Nantes, and in 1802 retired to his na-
ing afterwards only the latter position. In tive city, where he was made organist of
1852 he became professor of harmony and the cathedral. Works 8 concertos for :
counterpoint at the Conservatorio. Mem- violin 10 sj-mphonies concertantes for two ;
ber of Accademia di Santa Cecilia, Rome. violins 30 duos for do., op. 1, 3, 6, 9, and ;
"Works Velleda, opera, given at Milan, 10 6 quartets for strings 6 trios for do.;
:
; ;
Scala, 1817 Giovauua di Fiandra, ib., 12- divertissements for grand orchestra.
;
1818 Overture for grand orchestra Many Fetis.

; ;
religious compositions, with organ or or- BONO (Bonno), GIUSEPPE, born in Vi-
chestra.
Fetis, Supplement, i. 107. enna in 1710, died there, April 15, 1788.
BONrV'ENTI, GIUSEPPE, born at Yen- Dramatic composer. The son of one of the
ice, flourished about the end of the 17th imperial footmen, he was sent to Naples to
I
aia
: ;
BONOLDI
study compositiou, was taken into the Im- the patronage of the former by the Duchess
perial Hofkapelle as Hofscholar in 1738, of Marlborough, and of the latter by the
and rose to be Hofcorapositeur iu 1739, court,assumed an almost political character.
and Hofkapellmeister in 1774. For many The ended with the defeat of Bonon-
strife
years he was vice-president of the Ton- cini owing to the discovery, iu 1731, of his
and his scores

kiintsler-Societat, Vienna, plagiarism of a madrigal by Antonio Lotti.
are preserved iu the Imperial Library and His prospects being thus impaired, he was
the jMusik-Verein. Works Operas: Natale enticed iu 1733 by an alchemist adventurer
di Giove, given at Venice, 1740 ;
Danae, Vi- to go to Paris, where he lost his entire fort-
enna, 1744 ; Ezio, ib., 1740 ; H vero omag- une and was obliged again to resort to his
gio, ib., 1750 ; L' eroe cinese, L' isola di- art. Iu 1748 he was recalled to Vienna to
sabilitata, ib., 1752 II re pastore, Milan,
;
compose the music for the festivities after
1753 ;
Atenaide, Vienna, 1762. Oratorios the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle. Soon after he
Isacco, San Paolo in Atene. Fetis ; Men- went to Venice, where he composed for the
del Schilling. theatre and was still active at the age of

;
BONOLDI, FEANCESCO, died at Mon- ninety. Works Operas: Tullo Ostilio,

za, near Milan, March 24, 1873. Instru- Serse, given in Home, 1694 La Fede pub- ;
mental compo.ser, son of the tenor singer blica, Vienna, 1699 Aftetti pin graudi
vinti ;
Claudio Bonoldi pupil of the;

Couserva- dal piti giusto, 1701 PoUfemo, Berlin, ;
torio, Milan. Works Symphonies and 1703

;
Eudimione, Vienna, 1706 Mario;
;
overtures for orchestra Pot-pourris on op- fugitive, Tamiride, ib., 1708 Abdalomino,
;
;
eratic themes, for pianoforte Variations ib., 1709 Muzio Scevola, ib., 1710 Astarte,
; ; ;
and valses for do. An opera, H Mauro,

; was London, 1720 Crispo, Grmlda, ib., 1722 ; ;
given at Trieste, 1833. Fotis. Farnace, Erminia, ib., 1723 Calpurnia, ib., ;
BONONCINI (Buononcini), GIOVANNI 1724 Alessandro in Sidoue, Vienna, 1737.

;
BATTISTA, born at Symphonies for 5, 6, 7, and 8 instruments,

Modena in IGGO, died op. 2 (Bologna, 1685) ; do. for 3 instru-
probably in Venice ments with organ, op. 3 (ib., 1686) ; do. for
in or after 17 5 0. several instruments, op. 5 ; do. for violin
Dramatic composer and violoncello, op. G (ib., 1687) ; Mass for
and violoncellist, son eight voices, op. 7 ; do., op. 8 (ib., 1688) ;
and pupil of Giovanni Duetti da camera, op. 9 (ib., 1691) Cantate ;
Maria Bononciui, e duetti (London, 1721) Funeral Anthem ;
p^ the Duke of Marlborough (ib., 1722)

then at Bologna pu- for ;
pil of Paolo Colonna. He went about 1091 Divertimenti di camera (ib., 1722) 12 so- ;
to Vienna, where he was made violoncellist natas or chamber airs for two violins and
to the emperor, and brought out an opera bass (ib., 1732) II Giosue, oratorio. Fetis ;
with extraordinary success, which, however, Gerber, N. Lex. Hawkins, v. 274 Mendel ; ;
was afterwards proved to be the work of his Schilling Grove, i. 649 Hogarth, ii. 19. ; ;
brother j\Iarco Antonio. Called to Kome BONONCINI, GIOVANNI IMARIA, born

in 1094, he returned to Vienna in 1699, at Modena in 1G40, died there, Nov. 19,
and again iu 1706, having spent two years 1678. Instrumental and vocal composer,
(1703-5) in Berlin as court composer to studied in Bologna, and at an early age en-
Queen Sophie Charlotte. The years 1706- tered the service of the Duke of Modena,
20 were divided between Vienna and Italy. and became maestro di cappella of S. Gio-
While iu Eome, in 1716, he was invited to vanni in Monte. Member of the Accademia
London, where soon a great rivalry sprang Filarmonica of Bologna. Works Primi :
up between him and Handel and, through frutti del giardino musicale, for 2 violins
213
;;
EOXONCINI
(Venice, Magni, 1666) ; Vaij fiori, etc., so- Works : Sonatas for two violins and bass
natas for 2, 3, and i instruments, op. 3 (Bo- (Venice, 1696) Le triomphe de la Grande
;
logna, 1669) Sarabande, Alliance, op. 8 One hundred minuets for

; Arie, Correnti, ;
etc., for 2 violins and double-bass, op. 4 violins and bass Dodici Concertini e Se- ;
(ib., Monti, 1674) Siufouie, Allemaude, renate, etc. (Augsburg, 1741)

; and many ;
etc., for 5 parts, op. 5 (ilj., 1671) Sonatas motets and sonatas. Fetis Gerber. ; ;
for 2 violins with organ, op. 6 (ib., 1077) ;

BONTEMPI, GIOVANNI ANDREA, sur-
Ariette, correnti, gighe, etc., for violin solo named Angelini, born at Perugia about
and 2 violins, op. 7 (ib., 1677) ; Musico pra- 1630, died there after 1697. Singer, dra-
tico, op. 8 (ib., 1673) ; Trattenimenti musi- matic composer, and didactic writer, pupil
cali, for 3 or 4 instruments, op. 9 (ib., of Virgilio Mazzocchi. He was maestro di
1675) ; Cantata a voce sola, op. 10 (ib., cappella of a church in Rome, then in Ven-
1677) ; Partitura de' madrigali a cinque ice, and entered the service of Margrave
voci, etc., op. 11 (1678) ; Arie correnti, for Christian Ernst of Brandenburg at Berlin,
exchanging his jjosition in 1660 for a more
influentialone at the court of Elector Jo-
bann Georg U. of Saxony, at Dresden. In
1694 he returned to Perugia. Works Pa- :
three instruments, op. 12 1678) Libro ride, opera, given in Berlin (published in
(ib., ;
secondo delle cantate, op. 13 (ib., 1678). Dresden, 1662) Martirio di S. Emiliano, ;
FOtis ; Gerber, N. Lex. ; Mendel. oratorio. Fetis ; Gerber, N. Lex.; Mendel

BONONCINI, MARCO ANTONIO, born Schilling.
at Modena about 1675, died there, July 8, BOOM, VAN, born at JOHANNES
1726. Dramatic composer, brother of Gio- Utrecht, Oct. 15, 1807, died at Stockholm
vanni Battista, with whom he is said to have in April, 1872. Pianist, son and pupil of
been in Vienna and Berlin, and who seems Johannes E. G. Van Boom, an eminent flut-
to have availed himself of Antonio's superior ist (born, 1783) made a concert tour to Den- ;
talent in the composition of his operas. It mark and Sweden about 1825, and was in-
is certain only that he was in Rome in 1714 duced to settle at Stockholm, where he
and was made maestro di cappella to the became member of the Academy in 1844,
Duke of Modena in 1721. Padre Martini and professor iu 1848. In 1862 he visited
praises his elevated style, and places him the principal cities of Europe to study the
above all his contemporaries. Works Op- system of musical instruction. He com-
eras Camilla, regina de' Volsci, given in posed operas, symjihouies, overtures, quar-
:
Vienna, 1692 Griselda, Italy, about 1700

; tets, trios, and many works for pianoforte. ;
Andromeda Arminio Sesostri

; Turno Mendel Viotta.; ; ;
Ai'icino, Florence, 1704 Etearco, Vienna, BOOTH, KARL EDMUND OTTO VON,
;
1707 La regina creduta re, Venice, 1707 born at Weinheini, Baden, March 13, 1842,
; ;
Tigrane, re d' Armenia, Cajo Gracco, ib., still living, 1888. Violinist, organist, and
1710 Astianatte, ib., 1718 La decoUazione pianist, pupil of the Conservatorium at
; ;
di S. Giovanni Battista, oratorio, Vienna, Carlsruhe, studied the violin under Con-
;
1709 Christinas cantata. Ft'tis Gerber, zertmeister Will, comijosition under Mo- ;
N. Lex, Scliilling. ; lique, and the organ under Dr. Steggall.

BONPORTI, FRANCESCO ANTONIO, He made his debut as a violinist at Birming-
born at Trent, Tyrol, about 1660, died (?). ham in 1853, and settled in London in 1856.
Instrumental composer. He was Aulic Organist at St. Mutthew's, Bayswater, in
Counsellor to the Emperor of Austria, and 1868-75. Works Symphony in C minor :
;
gave much time to the study of music. Prizes and Blanks, operetta A cantata ;
ai4
;
BOOTT
Godiva, overture for orchestra ; JMarclie Fioraia (18fi7) ; Three masses; A requiem;
funebre for do. ; Te Deuin in D ; Anthems Motets ; Several vocal methods, and series
and church services Sonata quasi-fantasia, of solfeggi, and hundreds of sacred and sec-
;
for organ ; Quartets and ular songs for single and concerted voices.
Offertories for do. ;
quintets for stringed instruments Victoria Fetis do.. Supplement, i. 109. ; ;
March for orchestra Sonata in A minor, BORETTI, GIOVANNI ANDREA, born

;
for viohn and pianoforte do. in D Ro- in Rome about 1(340. Dramatic composer,
; ;
mance in F, for do. Ten easy pieces for maestro di capj)ella at the court of Parma.
;
do.; Wanderlieder, sketches for pianoforte; Works Zenobia, given in Venice, Teatro :
Gavotte and Bourn'e for do. Songs, etc. di San Cassiano, IGGG Alessandro aniante,
; ;
BOOTT, FRANCIS, born, of English par- 1667 Eliogabalo, Naples, 1668 Marcello ; ;
entage, in Boston, Massachusetts, June 24, in Siraeusa, Venice, 1670, Bologna, 1672 ;
1813, still living, 1888. He studied har- Ercole in Tebe, Rome, 1671 Dario in Babi- ;
mony under Luigi Picchianti, in Florence, lonia, Parma, 1671 Claudio Cesare, 1672 ; ;
Italy, where he has passed much of his life, Domiziano, 1673. Fctis.
and where he is honorary professor in the BORG.VTTA, born at EMANUELE,
Academy of Fine Arts. Works Mass, for Genoa about 1810, still living, 1888? Pi- :
soli, chorus, and orchestra ; Song of Zecha- anist, made himself known by concerts given
riah, do.; Te Deum, do.; Memento Rerum, in his native city in 1832,and in Milan, 1833.
hymn for eight parts ; Miserere, for chorus Works II Quadromaniaco, opera, given at
:
a cappella ; Several string quartets. Songs : Genoa, 183.5 Francesca da Rimini, do., ib.,
;
Aftermath (Longfellow) Ave Maria Break, ; ; 1837 Sonata for pianoforte Cadence ca-
; ;
Break (Tennyson) Kyrie Eleison (Longfel- ; pricieuse for do. Variations on operatic
;
low) Laus Deo (Whittier) Rose upon the

; ; themes for do. Italian romances. Fetis.
;
Balcony (Thackeray) Sands of Dee We ; ;
BORGHESE, ANTONIO, born in Rome
Two (Ingelow) The Sea hath its Pearls ; in the second half of tlie 18tli century. Dra-
(Heine) ; Brooklet (Longfellow), duet ; Riv- matic composer, w-ent to Paris about 1777.
ulet (Tennyson), duet La Bazoehe, opera, given in Paris,
; The Clover Blossoms, Works :
duet Maria Mater, cpiartet, etc. His first Theatre Beaujolais, 1787 Der unvermuthete
; ;
compositions were published under the gliickliche Augenblick, ojieretta, given in

pseudonym of Telford. Germany Sonatas for pianoforte, with vio- ;
BORDE. See Laborde. lin obligato, op. 2 (Paris, 1780). He pub-

BORDESE, LITIGI, born at Naples, Italy, lished also L'art musical, etc. (ib., 1786)
in 1815, died in Paris, Feb. 17, 1880. Dra- Traitii de composition (ib., 1788). Fetis.
matic composer, jjupil of the Conservatorio BORGHI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA, born
at Najjles went in 1834 to Turin to bring at Orvieto, Umbria, about 1740, last heard
;
out an opera which he had been commis- of in 1800. Dramatic composer, maestro
sioned to write, and thence to Paris, where, di cappella of the Cliiesa della Santa Casa
after repeated failures of his dramatic ef- at Loreto in 1770. He went to Vienna in
forts,he devoted himself to the teachinir 1797, thence to Russia, and returned to
and composition of vocal music. Works Italy in 1800. Works Operas : Alessandro
Operas Zelimo e Zoraide, given in Turin,
: in Armenia (1768) ; Merope, given in Rome,
1834 La Mantille, Paris, Opera Comique,
; 1768 ; Giro riconosciuto, given in Venice,
1837 L'automate de Vaucauson, Jeanne
; 1771 ; Ricimero (1773) ; La Donna instabile,
de Naples (with Monpou), ib., 1840 I ; Rome, 1776 ; Artaserse, Venice, 1776 ; Eu-
Quindici, Naples, Teatro San Carlo, 1842 ;
niene, Turin, 1778 ; Pirarao e Tisbe, Flor-
Le Sultan Saladin, Paris, Opera Comique, ence, 1783; L' Olimpiade, ib., 1785; La
1847 ; Les deux bambins, ib., 1848 La Morte di Semiramide, Milan, 1791 EgiUna, ; ;
:
EOUGill
ib., 1793; Semiramis, Vienna, 1798; II della Piet;"i, Naples. He brought out some j
Tempio di Guido Two masses for four of his first operas at Venice in 1762, visited
;
i
voices and orchestra A Dixit for four Prague in 1764, became miisical director
;
voices Laudate for five voices Domine for and composer of the theatre at Dresden in
; ;
five voicesLamentazione per il Giovedi 1765, and Hof-Kapiellmeister to the Duke

;
Sauto for bass voice and orchestra Two of Wiirtemberg at Stuttgart in 1770. He ;
litanies for four voices, and one for two returned to Italy in 1780, and became maes-
choirs and orchestra. Petis ; do., Supjjle- tro di cappella at St. Peter's, Rome, in 1785.
ment, i. Mendel Schilling.
110 ; ; "Works Operas : L' Amore in musica, La
BOEGHI, LUIGI, flourished in the 18th notte critica, given in Venice, about 1760 ;
centuiy, time of birth and death unknown. Alessandro in Armenia, 1762 Sofonisba,ib., ;
Violinist, pupil of Pugnani. He lived from Le villegiatrici ridicole, ib., 1764 Siroe, ;
about 1780 in London, where he was a lead- re di Persia, Prague, 1764 La moda, II ;
er of the second violins at the Handel Com- Carnevale, Le orfane suizzere, Dresden,
memoration in 1784. He jsublished music 1769 Ricimero, Stuttgart, 1773 La donna
; ;
for his instrument in London, Berlin, Paris, instabile, Artaserse, ib., 1776 Eomene, ib., ;
and Amsterdam. "Works 6 sonatas for vio- : 1778. He wrote also motets and symjjho-
lin and bass, op. 2 G solos for violin, op. 3
; ;
uies and much church music. Fetis Men- ;
6 duos for two violins, op. 4 6 duos for ; del ; Gerber ; Schilling.
violin and violoncello, op. 7 6 symphonies ;
BORREMANS, JOSEPH, bom at Brus-
for full and small orchestra Italian canzo- ; sels, Nov. 25, 1775, died at Uccle-les-Bru-
nets, etc.
Fetis Grove Mendel Schilling.
; ; ; xelles, Dec. 15, 1858. Organist and dramatic
BOKIS GODUNOW, Russian opera, mu- composer'; maitre de ehapelle in his native
sic by Mussorgski, represented at the Marie city at Sainte-Gudule, organist of Saint-
Theatre, St. one of Nicolas, and second chef d'orchestre at the
Petersburg, 1872. It is
the most popular works in the Eussian rep- Theatre de la Mounaie, where he brought
ertorv. out the following works De Klapperman, :
BOKODESr, ALEXANDER, born at St. ou Le crieur de uuit d'Amsterdam, comic

Petersburg, Nov. 12, opera, 1804 La femme imj)romptue, opi'ra- ;
1834, died Feb. 22, bouffe, 1808 L'ofl'rande a I'Hymen, lyric ;
1887. Amateur in- scene, 1816. He has left also masses, Te

strumental composer, Deum, motets, etc., with orchestral accom-
studied medicine and paniment. Fetis, Supplement, i. 111.
c h e m i s t r J' at the BORRONI, ANTONIO, Italian church
Academy, whei-e he composer, flourished about the middle of
became the 17th century.
professor. He was among the first
He was one the to substitute for the severe stilo osservato
of
chief representatives of Palestriua a freer style of composition.
of the young Russian His masses and motets remain in manu-
school in music, and president of the Society script. Fetis ; Mendel.
of Music Lovers at St. Petersburg. Works BORSARO (Borsari), ARCHANGELO,
Middle Asia, symphonic poem 2 sj'mpho- ; born Reggio about 1570. Church com-
at
nies String quartets
; Pianoforte music ; ;
2)oser and Franciscan friar, about whose life
Prince Igor, opera (MS.). Riemanu. nothing is known. "Works Magnificat su- :
BORONI (Buroni), ANTONIO, born in per omnes tonos (Venice, 1591) 7 books of ;
Rome in 1738, died there in 1797. Dra- concerti ecclesiastici (ib., 1593-1606) Ves- ;
matic composer, pupil of Padre Martini at pertina psalmodia (ib., 1602) Novo giar- ;
Bologna, and of Abos at the Conservatorio dino di concerti, op. 11 (ib., 1611) Secondo ;
216
: ;
P.OKTNIANSKY
libro degl' odoranti fiori, op. 13 (ib., 1615) Theatre de la Monnaie, Brussels Les Dry- :
Aftectibus pietosis, G books of motets (ib., ades Arlecjuiu et Pierrot Terpsychore sur
; ;
1G15) ; Cauzonette
si3iritiiali (ib., 1616) ;
terre Masses, motets Four-part songs for
; ;
Diversoi'um concejjtuum luusicalium, 3 male voices. Fetis ; do., Supplement, i.
books of miscellaneous cburcli music (161G- 113 Mendel. ;
18). Fetis. BOTT, JEAN JOSEPH, born at Cassel,

BOETNIANSKY. See Bartmiud'n. March 9, 1826, still living, 1888, at Ham-
BORTOLAZZI, BARTOLOMEO, born in burg. and first instructed
Violinist, sou of
Venice in 1773, died in Vienna (?).Man- by the court musician Anton Bott (1795-
dolin and guitar jjlayer, went to Germany 1869), then pupil of Spohr on the violin,
in 1803, and gave concerts at Dresden, and of Moritz Hauptmann in theory. He
Leipsic, Brunswick, Berlin, and settled in made a successful concert tour through
Vienna. Works : Variations, rondos, fan- North Germany, and became solo violinist
tasias, for guitar solo, or with violin, piano- of the Electoral Orchestra in 1846, Con-
forte, and mandolin ; 6 variations for man- zertmeister in 1846, and assistant Kapell-
dolin or violin and guitar, op. 8 ; Sonata meister in 1851. In 1856 he went as
for pianoforte and mandolin or violin, op. Hof-Kapellmeister to Meiningen, and in
9 ; 6 themes vaiies for mandolin or violin 1865 to Hanover, where he was jjensioned
and guitar, op. 10 ; 6 variations for guitar in 1878. He then taught nuisic for several
and violin obligato, op. 13 ; Sonata for gui- years at Magdeburg, and in 1884 settled at
tar and pianoforte 2 collections of Italian Hamburg, whence he visited America in
;
and German songs 6 French romances, 1885. ; Works Der imbekannte, opera, :
op. 20. Fetis Schilling.; given at Cassel, 1854 Actiia, das Miidcheu ;
BORZIO, CARLO, Italian dramatic and von Corinth, do., Berlin, 1862 Sympho- ;
church composer, maestro di cajipella at nies Overtures Concertos for violin Soli ; ; ;
Lodi towards the end of the 17th centur^y. for do.; Pianoforte music and songs. Fe-
Works Narciso, opera, given at Lodi, 1676 tis Mendel Riemanu.
:
;
; ;
Pastorale, Bologna, 1691 Much church mu- BOTTE, ADOLPHE ACHILLE, born at
;
sic. Fetis. Pavilly (Seine-Inferieure), Sept. 29, 1823,

BOSCAJUOLO, See I'Ame en peine.
IL. still living, 1888. Pianist, pupil at the
BOSI (Bossi), born at Ferrara in 1773, Conservatoire, Paris, of Ziminermann on
died in London in September, 1802. Dra- the pianoforte, of Savard and Leborne in
matic composer, brought out some operas harmony, counterpoint, and fugue in 1842 ;
in Italy, but went to London about 1792, he settled at Rouen, and in 1854 in Paris,
and composed chiefly ballet music, such as where he devoted himself to his profession
Little Peggy's Love, L'Amant Statue, 1797 ;
and to musical criticism. In 1864 he be-
Acis and Galatea. He
published also so- came professor at the Convent des Oiseaux.
natas and other music for jiianoforte. Fe- Works Jocelyn, overture for grand orches-
:
tis Mendel.
; tra Le corsaii'e, do. Album do chant
; ;
BOSSELET, CHARLES, born Lyons, at (1846) Album for pianoforte Souvenir de

; ;
July 27, 1812, died at Saint-Josse-ten-Noode- I'ange gardien, six etudes de stylo (1850) ;
les-Bruxelles, April Dramatic and

2, 1873. 2 new albums (1855, 1857) 7 characteristic ;
church composer, pupil of Fetis at the Con- pieces for pianoforte, etc. Fetis, Sup^jlO-
servatoire, Brussels, where he won the first ment, i. 113.
prize for composition in 1836, and became BOTTESmi, GIOVANNI, born at Cre-
professor of harmony in 1840. He was also ma, Lombardy, Dec. 24, 1823, still living,
second chef d'orehestre at the Royal Theatre 1888. Dramatic composer and vii'tuoso on
from 1835. Works Ballets, given at the : the double-bass ;
pupil of the Conserva-
BOTTOM LEY
torio, Milan. He studied the double-bass rondos 10 airs varies ; ; Duets for pianoforte.
under Rossi, and counterpoint and har- Fetis Mendel. ;
mony under Fran- BOUCHER, ALEXANDRE JEAN, born

cesco Basili and Vac- in Paris, April 11,
caj. After a concert 1770, died there
tour in Italy from Dec. 29, 1861. Vio-
1840 to 18i6, he be- lin virtuoso, said to
came conductor of have played at the

the orchestra in the Concerts Spirituels
theatre at Havana. when only six years
Since then he has old ;went to Madrid
made various jour- in 1787, and was
~. <
neys to America, vis- appointed solo vio-
iting the United linist to the king.
States and Mexico and the northern portions In 1806 he returned to Paris, 1820 and in
of South America. In 1855 he became chef began to travel over Europe, exciting ev-
d'orchestre at the Italiens, Paris. In 1857- erywhere great enthusiasm on account of
58 he travelled through Germany, Holland, his extraordinary skill in execution. He
Belgium, France, and England on a concert styled himself L'Alexandre des violons.
tour, in 1861 was maestro di capjsella of the He composed two concertos for his instru-
Teatro Bellini at Palermo, in 1863 at Barce- ment.
lona, then founded in Florence the Societa BOUFFET, JEAN BAPTISTE, born at
di Quartetto for the cultivation of German Amiens, Oct. 3, 1770, died in Paris, Jan.
classical music, and subsequently divided 19, 1835. Dramatic composer and singer,
his time between Florence and London, made his musical studies while a choir-boy
whither he went last in 1871 as director of in the cathedral of his native city, then in
an opera troupe at the Lyceum, but returned Paris (1791) pupil of Tomeoni in singing,
again to Italy. "Works Operas Cristoforo and soon became himself a fashionable
:
Colombo, given Havana, 1847 L' Assedio teacher. Gifted with a fine tenor voice, he
at ;
di Firenze, Paris, Theatre Italien, 1856 II was admitted as a member of the Imperial
;
Diavolo della notte, oijera buifa, Milan, Chapel in 1806, and retained his place after
Teatro di Santa Radegonda, 1859 Marion the restoration. Works L'heureux pre-
; :
Delorme, Palermo, 1862 Vinciguerra, op- texte, opera, given at the Theatre Montan-
;
eretta, Paris, Theatre du Palais Royal, 1870 sier, 179-t 2 masses for four voices;
3 ; ;
Ali Baba, comic opera, London, 1871 Ero psalms; 3 Magnificat; 2 Salve Regina; Sta-
;
6 Leandro, Turin, 1879 La Regina del bat Mater for four voices, chorus, and or-
;
NeiDal, ib., 1880; Symphonies; Overtures; chestra Romances, chansons, rondeaus, and ;
Quartets INIany comf)ositions for double- nocturnes. Fetis.

;
bass Songs.
; Fe'tis Mendel Riemann.
; BOULANGER, ERNEST HENRI ALEX-
;
B0TT05ILEY, JOSEPH, born at Hali- ANDRE, born in Paris, Sept. 16, 1815, still
fax, Yorkshire, in 1786, died (?). Organist living, 1888. Dramatic composer, pupil at
and pianist, pupil of Grirashaw at Manches- the Conservatoire, Paris, of Alkau, Hak'vy,
ter, of Watts and Yaniewicz, in Leeds of and Lesueur, won the grand prix in 1835,
Lawton, and in Loudon of Woelfl. He was and studied in Italy four years. He was
organist at Bradford in 1807, then at Hali- made professor of singing at the Conser-
fax, and from 1820 at Sheffield. Works vatoire in 1871. L. of Honour, 1869. :
G exercises for pianoforte 12 sonatinas 2 Works Operas Le diable

; IV'cole, given
; : ;"i
divertissements with flute 12 waltzes 8 in Paris, Opera Coniique, 1842; Les deux
; ;
818
BOULE-DE-NEIGE
bergeres, 1843 Une voix, ib., 1845 La
ib., ; ; Melodies populaires de Grece et d'Orient
cachette, 1847 Les sabots de la mar-
ib., ; avec texte grec, traduction italieune en vers
quise, ib., 1854 L'E- ; adaptee alamusique, et traduction fran(,'aise
veutail, ib., 1860; Le
en prose." Fetis, Supplement, i. 116 Men- ;
docteui" Magnus, ib., del, Ei-giinz., 44.

Op6ra, 1804; Don BOURGEOIS, LOUIS THOMAS, born
Quichotte, Theatre at Fontaine-l'Eveque, Haiuault, in 1676,
Lyrique, 1809 Don ;
I
died in Paris in January, 1750. Dramatic
Mucarade, Opera Co- j
composer, counter-tenor at the Opera iu
luique, 1875 Acbille,; 1708. From 1711 he devoted himself to
cantata, 1835 Le 15 ; composition, producing sixteen operas and
Aout aux champs, '
many He became maitre de clia-

cantatas.
do., 1862. Fetis ; Supplement, i. 115. pelle at Toul about 1716, and after that at
BOULE-DE-NEIGE (Snow Ball), opera- Strasburg. Works Les Amours deguises,
:
bouft'e in three acts, text by Nuitter and opera-ballet, given iu Paris, Academie Roy-
Trefeu, music by Offenbach, first rejare- ale de Musique, 1713 Les jjlaisirs de la ;
sented at the Bouffes Parisieus, Paris, De- paix, do., ib., 1715. Besides these he com-
cember, 1871. Boule-de-Neige is a bear, posed divertissements and court ballets :
imposed by the Grand Khan as a monarch Les nuits de Sceaux, 1714 Le Comte de ;
upon an ungovernable people who are con- Gabalis, oulesPeuples elomentaires, Sceaux,
tinually getting up revolutions. 1715 Les peines et les plaisirs de I'amour,
;
BOUEGAULT-DUCOUDRAY, LOUIS Zephyr et Flore, cantata, 1715 Psyche, ;
ALBERT, born in Nantes, France, Feb. 2, 1718 Diane, 1721 Divertissement pour la
; ;
1840, still living, 1888. Dramatic comjsoser, naissance da Dauphin, Dijon, 1729 Idyle ;
educated a lawyer but turned to music. He de Rambouillet, 1735 Cephale et I'Aurore ; ;
studied in the Conservatoire, Paris, under Phedre et Hipjiolyte La lyre d'Anacreon ; ;
Ambroise Thomas, gained an aecessit for Dedale Don Quichotte. He published two
;
fugue in 1861, and took the grand prix of books of French cantatas, and Cantates
the Institut, 18G2, for his cantata, Louise Anacreoutiques. L'Amour prisounier de la
de Mezieres. While in Rome he wrote a Beaute, cantata (Paris, Ballard) L" Amour ;
lyrical drama ; visited Greece, and, on his et Psyche, do. (ib.) La belle Hollandaise, ;
return to Paris, brought out a Stabat Mater do. (ib.) ; Beatus vir, motet for full chorus.
(1868). A follower of Bach and Handel, his ^Fetis ; do.,Supplement, i. 117 Mendel. ;
large private fortune has enabled him to in- BOURGEOIS GENTILHOMME, LE,
troduce their music to the French people, comedie-ballet in live acts, test by Moliere,
for which he founded a choral society iu music by Lulli, represented at Chambord,
Paris. Works Stabat Mater for soprano, Oct. 14, 1670, and iu Paris, at the Theatre
:
alto, tenor, and bass, with chorus and grand du Palais Royal, Nov. 29, 1670. One of
organ and orchestra of violoncellos, double- LuUi's best works, it was very successful.
bass, harp, and trombones Dieu notre pere Iu 1852, on the occasion of Moliere's anni-
;
divin, cantata Chanson d'une mere, melo- versary, the music was rearranged bj' Jules
;
die Chant de ceux qui vont sur mer Ga- Cohen, and in 1876, by Weekerlin for the
; ;
votte et menuet pour pianoforte. At the pianoforte (Paris, 1876).

Concerts Populaires, 1874, he brought out BOURGES, CLEMENTINE DE, com-
a Suite pour orchestre, in four parts Fan- poser of the 16th century, died Sept. 30,
;
taisie en ut mineiu'. He wrote a " Souvenir 1561. Her works occupy a place among
d'une Mission musicale en Grece et en those of the great composers of her time.
Orient " (Paris, 1876), and published ' Trente A four-part chorus, " Da bei rami," written
219
; ! ;
BOURGES
by lier, is in Paix's Orgel-tabulatur Buch. quartets for 2 violins, viola, and violoncello
Grove Meiulel Gerber Scliilliug.
; ; (1841) Quintet for 2 violins, viola, violon-
; ;
BOURGES, JEAN MAURICE, born at cello, and double-bass (1842) Overture for ;
Bordeaux, Dec. 2, 1812, died in Paris, April, orchestra, Academie des Beaux Ai'ts, 1842 ;
ISSl. Iiistruineutal composer, pupil in Paris L'hotesse de Lyon, opera. Conservatoire,

of Barbereau, made himself first kuowu as a 1844 Le niousquetaire, do., Opera Co- ;
musical critic, aud by an ojsera entitled Sul- mique, 1844 Tabarin, do.. Theatre Lyrique, ;
tana, given at the Opera Comique, 1846. It 1852. Fetis Mendel. ;
was well received, but it has not been fol- BOUSSET, JEAN BAPTISTE DROU-
lowed by any further etlbrt in this field. ART DE, born at Anieres, near Dijon, in
Other works Two trios for pianoforte, vio- 1662, died (?). Vocal composer, pupil of
:
lin, and violoncello 2 sonatas for piano- Jacques Farjonel at the Jesuit college in
;
forte ;Caprices, barcarolles, waltzes, ro- Dijon he was for several years maitre de ;
mances for do. Vocal melodies Stabat musique of the Lou^Te.

; His real name
;
Mater, 1863. Fetis do., Suj^plement, i. was Drouart.

; Works Cantates fran(;aises :
;
117 Mendel.
; Eglogues bachiques Twenty-one books of ;
BOURIE, HONORfi, born at Nimes in airs Motets. His son Rene (born in Paris, ;
1795, died (?). Instrumental composer, bas- Sept. 11, 1703, died there, May 19, 1760),
soon-player in the theatre orchestra of his pupil of Beruier, and of Calviere, became
native city, where he brought out a comic one of the best French organists. He com-
opera, Les deux philosophes, in 1812. posed odes, cantatas, and arias. Fetis
Other works A cantata Concertos for
: ;
Mendel.
bassoon Quartets for wind instruments
;
BOUTEILLER, LOUIS, born at INIonce-
Church music Romances. Fetis, Supjjle-
; en-Rain, Maine, in 1648, died at Mans in
ment, i. 117. 1724. Church composer, maitre de musique
BOUSQUET, GEORGES, born at Per- of the cathedral at Mans, from his fifteenth
jjignan, France, March 12, 1818, died at year. Several of his numerous composi-
Saint-Cloud, near Paris, June 15, 1851. tions, consisting of masses, motets, hymns,
Dramatic composer and musical critic, jju- and anthems, were executed before Louis
pil at theConservatoire of Collet and of El- XIV., who often ordered them to be re-
wart in harmony, then (1836) of Leborne in peated.
Fetis Mendel. ;
counterpoint and fugue, and of Berton for BOUVAIiD, FRANCOIS, born in Paris
dramatic style. He won the grand prix in about 1670, time of death not known. Dra-
1838, spent two years in Rome, where he matic composer, was a singer at the Opera
was made a member of the Accademia di until the age of sixteen, when he lost his
Sta. Cecilia, aud of the Filarmonici, passed voice he travelled extensively aud spent
;
the year 1811 in Germany, and returned to several years in Rome. Wôrks Meduse, :
Paris after live years' absence. In 1847 he given at the Academic Royale de Musique,
became chef d'orchestro at the Opi'ra, and 1702 Cassandre (with Berlin), ib., 1700.
;
ill 1849-51 held the same position at the For the court he wrote: Ariane et Bacchus,
Theatre Italien. As a critic he wrote for Le triomphe de I'Amour et de I'Hymen,
the " Commerce," the " Illustration, and the " 1729 Diane et I'Amour, idyl, 1730 L'e-
; ;
" Gazette nmsicale de Paris." Works : La cole de Mars, 1733 Cantatas Collections
; ;
vendetta, cantata, performed at the Acade-of arias Sonatas for violin. Fetis Men- ; ;
mie des Beaux 1838 Mass, for voices del.

Arts, ;
only, Rome, S. Luigi de' Fraucesi, 1839 BOVERY, JULES, born at Liege, Oct. ;
Mass with orchestra, ib., 1840 Miserere 21, 1808, died in Paris, July 17, 1868. Real
:
for 8 voices with orchestra (1840) Three name Antoine Nicolas Joseph Bovy. Violin-;
s'
BOXBERG
ist anil dr.amatio composer, entirely self- Chapel Royal and the king. Li 1737 ho.
taught, iu Paris, whither he weut on leaving was appointed conductor of the music festi-
the college of his native citj-. He became a vals of the Three
chorus singer iu the theatre at Lille, where Choirs (Glouces-
he assisted also in conducting the orchester, Worcester,
tra, then became chef d'orohestre at Douai, and Hereford),
and successively at Lyons, Amsterdam, Ant- became organist
werp, Koueu, and iu 1845 at Ghent, having of the church of
returned to Paris the year before. Iu 1856 All-hallows the
he was first violinist at the Theatre des Fo- Great and the
lies Nouvelles, Paris, and about 1865 be- Less in 1749, r^
came chef d'orchestre at the Folies Saint Ger- and of the
main (Theatre Cluny). Works: Mathieu Chapel Royal in 1758, when ho resigned
Laensberg, given at Douai about 1830 Paul the other two organist's j)ositions, and re-
;
I., ib. La Tour de Eouen, Kouen, Theatre tired to Kensington.

;
Doctor of Music,
des Arts, 1843 Charles II.,
;
Paris, Theatre Cambridge, 1749 master of the King's ;
des Baulieues, 1844 Jacijues d'Artevelde, Band, 1755.

;
Works David's Lamentation :
Ghent, 1846 Le Giaour, Lyons, Amster- over Saul and Jonathan, oratorio, performed
;
dam, and Antwerp, 1840-48 Isoline, ballet, at the Apollo Society, 1736 Two Odes for
; ;
given at Lyons La Carte a payer, Liege

; St. Cecilia's Day (1736) Solomon, serenata,
;
;
Several operettas, and pantomimes, Paris, 1743 Twelve sonatas or trios for 2 violins
;
Folies Nouvelles France et Augleterre, can- and bass (London, 1747)

;
Ode for the In- ;
tata ;Ouverture triomphale Ave Regiua, stallation of the Duke of Newcastle as Chan-
;
etc. Fetis do., Supplement, i. 11

;
Gre- cellor of Cambridge University, 1749 Pe-
;
;
goir, Galerie biogr. des Artistes musiciens leus and Thetis, masque, 1749 Pindar's ;
beiges. First Pythian Ode, 1749 ; The Chaplet, mu-

BOXBERG, CHRISTIAN LUDWIG, drama, Drury Lane Theatre, 1749 sical ;
born at Sondershausen, April 24, 1670, died The Shepherd's Lottery, do., ib., 1750 Sec- ;
at Gorlitz, time not known. Dramatic com- ular Ode by Dryden, ib., 1752 2 Odes in ;
lôser and organist, j)upil of the Thomas- Home's Agis, 1'758 Ode to Charity 15 ; ;
schule, Leipsic was at first;tutor in a Anthems, Te Deum, and Jubilate (London,

private family, 1686-92, then organist at 1780) 12 Anthems and a Service (ib., ;
Grossenhain, and since 1702 at Gorlitz. 1790) Organ concerto 8 symphonies for ; ;
His operas were very popular in his time, various instruments Overtures Lyra Bri- ; ;
and he often received invitations to the tannica, collection of songs, duets, and can-
courts of Ansbach, Cassel, Wolfenbiittel, and tatas. He also edited Cathedral Music,
others. Among them are Orion, Sarda- being a
: collection of the most valuable com-
napalus. Die verschwiegeue Treue. Gerber, positions for tliat service by eminent com-
N. Lex. ; Mendel ; Schilling. posers (London, 1760-78). Burney, iii.
BOYCE, WILLIAM, born in London in 619 ; Grove Mendel.

; Fctis ;
1710, died there, Kensington, Feb. 7, 1779. BOYLE, FRANCESCO, born at Piacenza
Dramatic composer, pupil of Charles King, in 1787, died in :Milan, Nov. 27, 1844. Dra-
under whom he was a chorister iu St. Paul's matic composer, went in 1801 to i\Iilan,
Cathedral, then of Maurice Greene, and, where he studied music and became an
after becoming organist of Oxford Chapel, excellent singer, and, having lost his eye-
Cavendish Square, of Dr. Pepusch. Iu 1736 sight, 1830 (?), devoted himself to vocal in-
he became organist of St. Michael's, Corn- struction and formed many eminent pupils.
hill, and in the same year composer to the Works II Carnovale di Venezia, given in :
331
BOZZAXO
Milan, Teatro Ri-, 1812 ; La Selvaggia, not account, until 1869, and at one time the
performed ; Solfeggi for luezzo-soprauo ; Bradbury pianos wêre widely known. Mr.
Pianoforte music. Fetis ; Mendel. Bradbury was the editor of more than fifty
BOZZANO, E:MILI0, Italian composer, collections of music, from 1841 to 1867, in
contemporary. He has written : Diem la which much of the music was his own.
Zingara, Italian opera, given at the Teatro Some of these collections had a very large
Doria, Genoa, June 20, 1872 ; Benvenuto sale, especially The Jubilee (1857), 200,000
Cellini, opera seria, represented at the Poli- copies ;Fresh Laurels (1867), 1,200,000
teama, Genoa, May 20, 1877. copies and the Golden Series (including
;
BOZZELLI, GIUSEPPE, Italian com- several), about 2,000,000 copies. He was

poser, contemporary. He is the author of : the author also of Daniel, cantata (with G.
Caterina di Belp, Italian opera, three acts, F. Root, 1853) ; Esther, cantata (1856).
given at the Teatro Balbo, Turin, June 4, BRADSKY, THE ODOR (WENZEL),
1872. Rakovnik, Bohemia, Jan. 17, 1833,born at
BR.4BANV0NNE, LA, the Belgian na- died there, Aug. 10, 1881. Dramatic com-
tional air. It was composed during the poser, first instructed in his native place by
revolution of 1830, from which Belgium the choirmaster Johann Lepicovsky, then
dates independence, the words by Jen- jnipil in Prague of Caboun and Pischek in
its
neval, who fell in one of the actions near Ant- singing went to Berlin, where he entered ;
werp, and the music by Franc;ois van Cain- the royal cathedral choir, and taught vocal
penhout. King Leopold gave the mother music. Prince George of Prussia made him
of Jenneval a pension of 2,400 francs, composer in 1874. His most pop-
and his court
appointed Campeuhout director of the royal ular works are his Bohemian and German
band. songs, and quartets for male voices. Works
BRADBURY, WILLIAM
BATCHEL- Operas Der Heirathszwang (1859) Ros- : ;
DER, born, of Amer- witha, given at Dessau, 1860 Die Braut ;
ican parentage, in des Waffenschmieds (1861) Das Krokodil

;
York, Maine, Oct. 6, (1862) Jarmila, Prague, 1879 Der Ratten-

; ;
1816, died in Mont- fiinger von Hameln, Berlin, 1881 ; Music to

clair, New Jersey-, Jan. the tragedy Jolanthe, text by Prince George
7, 1868. He received of Prussia, 1872 do. to Christine von
;
his first musical in- Schweden, text hy do., Berlin, 1872. Men-
struction from Sum- del Riemann. ;
ner Hill ; in 1830 he BRAGA, GAETANO, born at Giulianu-

removed
to Boston, ova, in the Abruzzi, June 9, 1829, still living,
where
he attended 1888. Dramatic composer and -^-ioloncellist.
music classes taught by Lowell Mason and He was destined for the church, and entered
Geoige J. Webb. In 1840 he began teach- the Consorvatorio, Naples, to study singing,
ing music in New York in 1847 he visited
; but finally took up the violoncello, under
Europe, and studied music at Leipsic under Gaetauo Ciavidelli, studying harmony under
Hauptmann, INIoscheles, and Bijhme. After Parisi, accompaniment under Francesco
his jeturu to America, in 1849, he devoted Ruggi, counterpoint under Carlo Conti, and
his time to teaching, composing, and to con- composition under Mercadante. He made
ducting musical conventions in various parts his first effort in composition while under
of the country.In 1854, with his brother the last-named, writing Saiil, cantata, and
Edward G. Bradbury and F. C. Lighte, he a luass for four voices and orchestra. He
began to manufacture pianos, which busi- brought out his first dramatic work. Alma
ness he afterwards continued on his own Braga, soon after leaving the Couservatorio
222
BRAII-MULLER
(1852). Travelled in Italy, went to Vienna, tice as a great tenor in 1796, in the opera of
where he played with Mayseder, then to Mahmoud Drury Lane, and was at once
at
Paris in 1855, where he appeared at con- engaged for the Italian Opera House. After
certs as a virtuoso, and taught singing. that he visited Italy to perfect himself, and
Works Operas Estella di San Gerinano, : appeared in Florence, Rome, Naples, Milan,
given in Vienna, 1857 II Ritratto, Naples, ; Genoa, Venice, etc., retiu-ning in 1801 to Eng-
1858 Margherita la mendicaute, Paris,
;
land, to reappear at Covent Garden. From
Theatre It.alien, 1860 Mormile, Milan, Feb. ; that date his career was a triumphant one,
4, 1862 Gli avveuturieii, ib., Teatro Santa
; and he was a public singer for nearly sixty
Radegouda, 1867 Reginella, Teatro Car- ; years. His voice was powerful, and his
cano, Milan, 1872 ; Caligola, Lisbon, Jan. compass, of three octaves, unusually wide.
23, 1873. music Don Cicsar
He also set to As a composer he obtained success in many
de Bazan and Ruy Bias, which have not been ballads and songs, one of the most popular
produced. Besides dramatic works he has being the Death of Nelson. He wrote also
published Concerto for violoncello in G
: most of the music for his own parts in
minor, and other music for that instrument, several of the operas in which he appeared.
with accompaniment
pianoforte Vocal ; Works Music to Dramas : The Cabinet,
pieces and au Album of Vocal Melodies
;
Family Quarrels, 1802 Enghsh 1801 ; ;
with Italian words, another with French Fleet, 1802 Thirty Thousand, 1804 Out ; ;
words, and a third entitled, Notti Lombardi.of Place, 1805 False Alarms, 1807 Kais, ; ;
Fctis, Supplement, i. 120. or Love in a Desert (with Reeve), 1808 ;
BRAH-MULLER, KARL FRIEDRICH The Devil's Bridge (with C. E. Horn), 1812 ;
GUSTAV, born at Kritschen, Silesia, Oct. The Paragraph Narensky The Americans ; ; ;
7, 1839, died in Berlin, Nov. 1, 1878. Dra- The ]V[agicians (with M. P. King). Grove ;
matic comijoser, pupil of Steinbrunn at the Brown Fetis ]\Ieudel. ; ;
seminary of Bromberg, later in Berlin, BRAHMS, JOHANNES, born in Ham-

1862-63, of Flodoard Geyer. Since 1867 burg, Germany, May
he has been instructor at Wandelt's Insti- 7, 1833, still hving,
tute, Berlin. Works Ein IMatrose von der 1888. His musical
:
Nymphe, Singspiel, given in Berlin, IMeysel's education, begun un-

Theater, 1864 Deutschland im Urwald der Ins father, who
; ;
Te Deum, for chorus and orchestra, 1866 was a musician, was ;
Quartets for violins Organ music Char- continued undei ; ;
acteristic pieces for pianoforte Sonatas Marxsen of Alton a ; ;
Duets Songs Choral motets, etc. Mendel. In 1853 he met, at

; ;
BRAHAM, JOHN, liorn in London in Diisseldorf, Schii-
1 7 7 -t , died there, mann, who entei-
Feb. 17, 1856. Dra- tained the very highest hojses of him, and
matic composer and published an enthusiastic article on him
tenor-singer ;
jDupil in the Neue Zeitschrift f iir Musik. But for
in London of Leoni several years after this Brahms seemed
while very young, at rather to belie Schumann's prophecies, and
Bath, in 1794, of Schumann himself, in his later years, ex-
Rauzzini, and in pressed himself as much disai^pointed in
Genoa of Isola in hiin. Brahms remained in Hamburg until
composition. He 1861, studying hard, and publishing a good
made his appearance at a very early age at deal. His reputation was beginning to es-
Covent Garden Theatre, but came into no- tablish itself, but it was hardly brilliant,

;
BRAHMS
and was confinetl to the more and orchestra, op.
cultivated for female voices, organ,
musical circles ; upon the whole,Funeral hymn, for chorus and wind
his talent 12 ;
was much disputed. In 1861 he moved to instruments, op. 13 4 part-songs for female ;
Vienna, where he conducted the Siug-Aka- chorus, two horns, and harp, op. 17 7 ;
demie in ISGS-G-l, and was director of the Marienlieder, for mixed choir, in two parts,
concerts of the Gesellschaft der Musik- op. 22 Psalm xiii., for female chorus and ;
freunde from 1872 to 1875, bringing out organ, op. 27 Geistliches Lied (Paul Flem- ;
choral works by Bach and Handel with miug), for four voices, mixed choir and or-
great lustre. His reputation as a composer gan, op. 30 ; 3 sacred choruses for female
kej)t growing apace, but was still not wide- voices, op. 37 ; 5 part-songs for male chonis
spread. His first symphony, upon which (four voices), op. 41 ; 3 songs for chorus
he had been at work for ten years, off and 42 12 songs and
(six voices), a cappella, op. ;
on, came almost like a thunderclap out of romances, for female chorus, a cappella, op.
a clear sky when it was brought out at 44 7 songs for mixed choir, op. 62 2 mo-
; ;
Carlsruhe, Nov. 4, 1876. No composition tets for five voices, a cappella, op. 29. For
ever made more, or more immediate, noise minor, op. 68,
orchestra : 4 symphonies, in C
in the world Brahms found himself sud-
; in D, op. 73, in F, op. 90, in E minor, op.
denly world fan)ous. His fame was still in- 98; Akademisclie Fest-Ouverture, op. .80;
creased by his Deutsches Eequiem and his Tragische Ouverture, op. 81 Variations on ;
second symphony. He stands to-day almost a theme by Haj-dn (Choral St. Antonin), op.
undisputed as the foremost com2:)Oser in the 56 Serenade in D, op. 11 do. in A, op.
; ;
world. He represents the climax of modern 16 (for small orchestra). Concerted music :
musical thought ; he is the legitimate suc- Concerto in D, for pianoforte and orchestra,
cessor of Schumann. His style is marked op. 15 do. in B-flat, for do., op. 83
; do. for ;
bj' great elaboration, and there his mu-

is in violin and orchestra, in D, ojj. 77 2 sextets ;
sic a stoutness of construction, a warmth of for strings, in B-fiat, op. 18, and in G, op. 36 ;
sentiment, and a real profundity of thought Quintet for do., op. 88 Quintet for piano- ;
(which has often been misconstrued into forte and strings, in F minor, op. 34 (also
abstruseness) such as no other living com- arranged for two pianofortes) 3 quartets ;
poser can lay claim an for strings, in C minor and A minor, op. 51,
to. He was alwilj's
anti-Wagnerite, and, during the Bayreuth Nos. 1, 2, and in B-flat, op. 67 3 quartets ;
master's later years, an Gernaftuy and strings, in G minor", op.

may be for pianoforte
said to have virtually been divided into 25, in A, op. 26, and in C. minor, op. 60 3 ;
Wagnerianer and Brahmsianer. Works trios for pianoforte, violin, and violoncello,
Choral Ein Deutsches Requiem, for solo in B, op. 8, in E, op. 40 (with horn or vio-
:
voices, chorus, and orchestra, op. 45, first loncello), in C, oj). 87 Sonata for violoncello ;
performed in Vienna, 1868 Rinaldo, can- and pianoforte, in E minor, op. 38 do. for
; ;
tata (Goethe), for tenor solo, male chorus, violin and pianoforte, op. 78. For piano-
and orchestra, op. 50 Rhapsodic, frag- forte 3 sonatas, in C, op. 1, in F-sharjD mi-
; :
ments from Goethe's " Harzreise " for con- nor, op. 2, and in F minor, op. 5 4 Bal- ;
tralto solo, male chorus, and orchestra, op. laden, op. 10 Scherzo in E-flat minor, op. ;
58 SchicksaUUed (song of destiny, by HiJl- 4 16 waltzes (4 hands), op. 39 Ungarhche

; ; ;
derlin), for chorus and orchestra, op. 54 Tilnze (4 hands, also for orchestra) 8 jiieces ;
Triumphlied (Rev., chap, xix.), for eight-part in two books, op. 76 Rhapsodien, op. 79 ; ;
chorus and orchestra, op. 55 Ndnie, for Variations (themes by Schumann), op. 9 and
;
cliorus and orchestra, op. 82 Gesang der 23 2 do., op. 21

; Variations and fugue ; ;
Parzen (fi'om Goethe's "Iphigenia"), for six- (Handel), op. 24 28 variations (Paganini), ;
part chorus and orchestra, op. 89 Ave Maria, op. 35. Vocal Liebeslieder, waltzes for pi-
; :
224
; ;
BRAMDACH
anoforte for four liands, and voieos, op. 52 ;
Columbus, op. 58 (1886) ; Germanischer
Neue Liebeslieder, do., op. 65 ; 3 quuitcts Siegesgesang, op. 26 ; Das Lied vom llliein,
for soprano, contralto, tenor, and bass, op. op. 40 ; Lenzerwachen, op. 46 ; Rheinfahrt,
32 ; 4 do., op. 64
4 duets for contralto op. 54. Songs, duets, choruses, etc. Tas-
; ;
and baritone, op. 3 do. for soprano so, a concert-overture, op. 30 Sonata for
29 ; ;
and contralto, op. 21 4 do., op. 61 5 do., pianoforte, op. 3 Sextet for two pianofortes
; ; ;
op. 66 ; 4 do., op. 75 ; 6 songs, op. 3 ; do., two violins, two violas, oj). 5 ; 2 sonatas for
op. 6 ; do., op. 7 ; 8 songs and romances, pianoforte, op. 20
for do. and ; Concerto
oj). 14 ; 5 songs, op. 19 romances for violon-
; 9 do., op. 32 ; 15 orchestra, op. 39 ; 2
romances from Tieck's Magelone, op. 33 cello and pianoforte, op. 41. Mendel Rie- ; ;
4 songs, op. 43 do., op. 46 do., op. 47 7 mann. ; ; ;
do., op. 48 5 do., op. 49 8 do., op. 57

; BRAMBILLA, PAOLO, born in Milan ; ;
(or in Vienna?) in 1793, died (?). Dra-

matic comjioser, who enjoyed considerable
reputation in Italy in 1815-20. Works :
L' Ajiparenza inganna, opera buffa, Milan,

Teati-o Re, 1816 ; II Barone bnrlato, opera,
ib., 1816 L' Idolo birmanno, ib., 1816 II
; ;
Carnovale di Venezia, Turin, 1819. Ballets,

given at the Scala, Milan Acbar gran Mo- :
gol, Saffo, Capriccio e buon cuore, 1819 ;
Giovanua d' Arco (with Lichtenthal and Vi-

gano), 1821 II Paria, 1828 Camma, 1833.
; ;
Fetis do., Supplement, i. 122

; Mendel. ;
BRANCA, GUGLIEL^MO, Italian com-

poser, contemporary. He is the author of
Catalana, opera, represented at La Pergola,
do., op. 58; do., op. 59 ; 9 do., op. 63 ; do., Florence, February, 1876.
op. 69 ; 4 do., op. 70 ; 5 do., op. 71 ; do., op. BRANCACCIO, ANTONIO, born at Na-
72. Deiters, Joh. Bralims, eine
Charakter- ples in 1813, died there, Feb. 12, 1846.
istik (1880) Wocbenblatt (1870), i. 40, 56 Dramatic composer, pupil of the Couserva-
;
;
Eiemann Signale Saral. mus. Vortriige, 23- torio at. Naples. Works I Panduri, given
; :
24, ii. 319 ; Dwiglit's Journal, xxii. 389 ; at Naples, Teatro Nuovo, 1843 ; II Morto
xxiv. 269. 1843 II Punti- ed il vivo, opera bulla, ib., ;
BR.\MBACH, CASPAR JOSEF, born at glione, do., ib., 1845 L' Assedio di Con- ;
Bonn, Westpliulla, July 14, 1833, still living, stantina, Teatro Fenice, 1844 L' Incognita, ;
1888. Composer, pujjil at Cologne of the ossia dopo quindici anni, ib., 1846 Ros- ;
Conservatorium and of Ferdinand Hiller. muuda, Venice, Teatro Fenice, about 1830 (?)
In 1847-50 lie was first violinist of the Bonn Le Sarte ealabresi, ib., about 1832 (?) Fran- ;
Opera House in 1858-61 professor in the cesca da Rimini, ib., 1844 Lilla, ib., 1848
; ; ;
Conservatorium, in 18()l-69 musical di- I duje Vastasi di Porto, opera in Neapolitan

rector at Bonn and since then he has re- dialect, Naples, about 1830 (?). Fetis Rie-
; ;
sided at Bonn as composer and teacher. mann.

Works Ariadne, grand opera. Cantatas
: BRANCOLI, CESARE, born at Massa- :
Die Macht des Gesanges, op. 6 Velleda, op. Pisana, near Lucca, June 11, 1788, died July ;
7 ; Trost in TiJnen, op. 10 Das eleusische 9, 1869. Amateur church composer, pu- ;
Fest, op. 32 Friihlingshymnus, op. 37

; pil at Lucca of Domenico Quilici. Among ;
Alcestis, op. 14 Prometheus, op. 47 (1880) his numerous works are

;
Stabat Mater, :
; ;
BRANDEIS
Beuedictus, Miserere, for several voices and Prince Hohenlohe-Bartenstein, in 1789 Mu-
iustriiments Cliristum regem, for 4 voices
;
sik-Direktor to the Bishop of Bruchsal, and
;
Mass with grand orchestra Motets with do.

;
in 1806 the same to the Archduke of Baden
Several masses and motets for 4-8 voices at Carlsruhe. Works Germania, opera, :
with orchestra. Ft-tis, Supplement, i. 122. 1800 Hermann, do. Hero, melodrama,
; ;
BRANDEIS, FREDERICK, born, of Ger- (Carlsruhe) ; Symphony for full orchestra ;
man iiarentage, Serenades, quintets, quartets, sextets, and

in Vienna, July nocturnes for string and wind instruments ;
5, 1835, still liv- Oratorio Masses, etc. He set the poems

;
ing, 1888. Or- of Schiitz to music (Leipsic), and jjublished

ganist studied collections of Lieder for one and several
;
in Vienna the jji- voices, with pianoforte. Fetis Mendel ;
anoforte under Schilling.

Joseph Fischhof BRANDTS BUYS, LUDWIG FELIX,
and Carl Czerny, born at Deventer, Holland, Sept. 20, 1847,
and composition still 1888.
living, Organist, brother and
'
under Eufiuat- pupil Marius Brandts Buys went in

of ;
scha ; and in 1874 to Rotterdam as organist and conduc-

New York under William Meyerhofer. In tor of Rotte's Mannenkoor. Works Das :
1849 he went to America and travelled ex- Siugenthal (Uhlaud), for baritone, mixed
tensively in the United States with William chorus, and orchestra Petrus-Klage, for;
Vincent Wallace's concert company his first baritone with orchestra De vier Jaargetij-
; ;
jjublic appearance in New York, where he den, for male chorus Songs with piano- ;
finally settled, was in 1851 as a pianist. He forte. Viotta.

was organist of St. Jiilin the Evangelist (E. BRANDTS BUYS, MARIUS ADRIANUS,
C.) Church in 18G5-70, and of St. James's born at Deventer, Oct. 31, 1840, still living,
(R. C.) Chui-ch in 1871-86. Since 1886 he1888. Organist, son and pupil of Cornells
has been organist of the Fortj'-fourth StreetAlyander Brandts Buys (born, 1812, organ-
Sj-nagogue, and is at present organist of ist and musical director at Deventer) since ;
Sl. Peter and St. Paul's (R. C.) Church 1864 organist and bell-player at Zutphen.
in Brooklyn. Works Maria Stuart, over-
: Works Vater unser, for chorus and solo :
ture ; Capriccio ;Scherzo Gavotte sym-

; voices Mailied, for 3 female voices Wêrk- ; ;
phonique, and other orchestral pieces Trio, mannslied, for male chorus Een Kerk, for
; ;
quintet, and other in.strumental music Toc- female voices, with violin and pianoforte
; ;
Gegen Unmuth, 3 sacred songs for contralto,

cata, tarentelle, sonata, and other pianoforte
music Vocal quartets and glees
; Manyfemale chorus, and organ Grabgesang, for
; ;
songs, of which, " My love is like the red, 8 voices Wilhelmus van Nassouweu, for ;
red rose," is the most popular. organ Pianoforte pieces, and songs, tran- ;
BRANDL, JOHANN, born at Rohr, near scriptions for organ, etc. Viotta.
Ratisbou, Nov. 14, 1760, died in Carlsruhe, BRASSAC, RENE DE BEAEN, Marquis
May 26, 1837. Dramatic composer, pupil DE, French composer of the 18th century.
of Valesi in singing, and studied in Rohr, Amateur dramatic composer, ofiScer in the
Munich, and Neuburg. When only sixteen royal army, and marshal in 1769 celebrated ;
years old he wrote a Miserere, which was by Voltaire in his " Temple du goilt."
sung in the Jesuit Church, Neuburg, and Works L'Empire de I'Amour, ballet, given :
one of the Jesuit fathers sent him to Eich- in Paris, Academic Royale de Musique,
stiidt to study counterpoint under Schlecht. 1733 Leandre et Hero, opei-a, ib., 1750. ;
In 1784 he was appointed Kapellmeister to Fetis.
326
P.RASSEUU
BRASSEUR D-AMSTERDA]\I, LE (The BRAULT, ELIE, French composer, con-

Brewer of Arasterdaiu), opcTa-comique iu temporary. He is the author of Bachelier
one by de Najac, music by Jules et Alguazil, opera-comique in one act,
act, text
at the Theatre du Chateau d'Eau,
Alary, represented at Ems, Aug. 19, 18G1. played
The wife of M. Vauberj^-, believing herself Paris, 1880.
misunderstood by her husband, abandons BRAUN, GEORG, born at Eichstiidt iu

the second half of the 18tb century. Dra-
herself to romantic ideas, but is finally cured
of her folly by Kaoul de Floriac, who proves matic composer, and German comedian,
to be the friend of her husbaud. author of the music of the following operas,
given at Gotha in 1789-96 Julie Der
BRASSEUR DE PRESTON, LE (The : ;
Brewer of Preston), opura-comique in three ueiie Herr Die Jubel-Hochzeit. Fetis.

;
acts, text by de Leuven and Brunswick, BRAUN, JOSEPH, born at Ratisbon in

1787, died ('?). Pianist, violoncellist, and
music by Adolphe Adam, represented at
the Opera Comique, Paris, Oct. 31, 1838. dramatic
composer he was musical director ;
Daniel Robinson is a brewer at Preston, in of several opera troupes at KOnigsberg,

time of the Dantzic, Bremen, Liibeck, etc. In 1826 he
the reign of George II., at the
Edward, sou of the Pretender went to Philadelphia to conduct an operatic
attempt of ;
in 1828 having
and the plot turns on the confounding of enterprise, which failed ;
him with his brother George, a lieutenant o'iven and played iu concerts in New York,
Baltimore, and other cities of the Union, he
in the royal service, who so closely resem-
the two scarcely dis- returned to Germany in 1830, and settled
bles him as to render
tinguishable. It is one of the most popular at Bremen. "Works: Die Wiinsche, oder
of Adam's works. version was der Priifungstraum, fairy opera, given at

An English
Nase, comic
given in New York, March 28, 1S4G. Pou- Konigsberg, 1825 Die lange ;
gin, A. Adam, 139. opera, Der Kosak uud der Freiwillige, do.,
BRASSIN, LOUIS, born at Ais-la-Cha- ib., 1825 Compositions for the pianoforte, ;
and the violoncello. Fetis Mendel.

pelle, June 24, 1810,
;
<^^j4i^^
died in St. Peters-
"^^ BRAUN, KARL ANTON PHILIPP, born
burg. May 17, 1884. at Ludwigslust, Mecklenburg, in 1788, died
Pianist, pupil of Mo- C?)

Virtuoso on the oboe, son and pupil of
scheles at the Conser- Jolianu Friedrich Braun ;
entered, in 1807,
vatorium, Leij^sic ;
the royal orchestra at Copenhagen. Works :
made several concert Symphony for grand orchestra Overture ;
tours with his broth- for do. Concerto for flute, op. 2 Quartet
; ;
2 flutes and 2 horns, op. 1 Quartets for

ers and pupils Leo- foi ;
pold and Gerhard, flute, violin, viola, and bass, op. 6 ;

Two
was instructor at Stern's Conservatorium in quartets for flute, oboe, horn, and bassoon ;
Berlin iu 18(36, at the Brussels Conserva- Duos for flutes do. for oboes, op. 3 Duo ; ;
Sonata for piano-

toire in 1869-79, and afterwards at the for oboe and bassoon ;
Conservatorium of St. Petersburg. Works forte and oboe, etc. Fetis. :

Der Thronfolger, operetta Der Mission- BRAUN, WILHELM, born at Ludwigs-
;
iir, do.; L'ecole moderne du piano, twelve lust, Mecklenburg, in 1791, died (?). Vir-
pupil of Johanu
etudes de concert (Brussels, Schott) Grand tuoso on the oboe, son and ;
Valse caprice, Friedrich Braun, whom he succeeded

in
galop fantastique, op. 5 (ib.) ;
Pri^-e, op. 10 1825 as first oboe in the grand-ducal or-

op. 6 (ib.) do., op. 11
; (ib.) ;
having
(ib.) ; Galop fantastique, op. 16 (ib.) Grande chestra of ]Mecklenburg-Schwerin,
;
polonaise, op. 18 (ib.), etc. Songs. Fetis,

;
from 1809 been a member of the royal or-
Supplement, i. 123 ; Mendel. chestra iu Berlin. Works : Divertissement
827
;;
BRAUT
for oboe, op. 3 ; Concerto for do., op. 12 ;
young be obtained a position in the royal
yis duos for oboes, op. 1 ; Graud duo for orchestra, and composed a concerto for vi-
do., op. 23 ; Two quartets for strings, op. ola, a concertante for do. and violoncello,
13 Divertissement for flute and quartet, aud an overture for orchestra. In 1834 he
;
op. 27 Sonata for jîanoforte, ojs. 17 In- became Conzertmeister, and in 1850 chorus-
; ;
troduction and ijolonaise, for do., op. 26 master. Other works Lucia di Lammer-
;
:
Der Trost, cantata for soprano, with piano- moor, opera given at
Copeuhagen, 1832 Die ;
forte, op. 22. Fetis. Guerillas, do., ib., 1834 Judas Ischariot, ;
BRAUT VON MESSINA, DIE (The Bride scene for tenor aud orchestra Resurrec- ;
of Messina), music to Schiller's drama of tion, an Easter hymn Some church com- ;
the same title, for chorus and orchestra, by positions. Mendel, Ergiiuz., 46.
Sigismund Neukoram, comj)osed at St. Pe- BREE, JOHANNES BERNARDUS VAN,
tersburg, 1808.
Allgem. mus. Zeitg., xsix. born iu Amsterdam, Jan. 29, 1801, died
564. there, Feb. 14, 1857. Dramatic composer
BRAUT VON MESSINA, DIE, overture and violiuist, pupil of his father on the vio-
to Schiller's drama of the same title, in C lin, and of Bertelmau in composition spent ;
minoi', for grand orchestra, by Robert Schu- his youth at Leeuwarden, and at the age of
mann, op. 100, composed in 1850-51. First eighteen returned to Amsterdam, where he
performed in DUsseldorf, March 13, 1851 entered the orchestra of the Theatre Fran-
;
in Leipsic, Nov. 6, 1851. First published 9ais, and in 1829 became director of the
by C. F. Peters (Leij)sic, 1851) edition in FeUs-Meritis Society. In 1840 he founded
;
score by Breitkopf & Hiirtel, Schumann's the Cecilia Club, and was director of it
"Werke, Overturen, etc.. No. 3. and of the music school of the Society for
BRAVO, IL, Italian opera in three acts, the Promotion of Music, up to his death.
text by Berettoui, music by !Marliana, repre- Order of the Lion honorary member of the ;
sented at the Theatre Italieu, Paris, Feb. 1, Academy of St. Cecilia, Rome, and several
1834. Plot original, scene in Venice. The other societies. Works : Symphony for
work was not successful, though it contains grand orchestra (Amsterdam, Theune &
some good numbers. It was revived in Concert overture (ib.) Festival over-
Co.) ; ;
1855. II Bravo, opera in three acts, text by ture with chorus, performed, Amsterdam,
Gaetauo Rossi, music by Mercadante, first 1836 (ib.) Quartet for two violins, viola, ;
represented during the Carnival of 1839, at and bass (Bonn, Simrock) Second quartet ;
La Scala, Milan, and at the Thoatre Italieu, for do. (Amsterdam, Theune & Co.) Third ;
Paris, May 12, 1853. The libretto is made do. (ib.) Solemn mass for four voices and ;
up of crimes and horrors, but the score has orchestra (Rotterdam) 4 masses for three ;
many beautiful passages. The finale is very voices and organ (Amsterdam, Theune &
dramatic. Le Bravo, French opera in three Co.) Requiem (ib., 1848) The Forty- ; ;
acts and four tableaux, test by ^fcmile Bla- eighth Psalm for solo, chorus, and orches-
vet, music by Gustave Salvayre, represented tra (ib., 1851) ; Adoljjhe au tombeau de
at the Opera National Lyrique, Paris, April Marie, ballad for tenor and pianoforte (ib.)
18, 1877. As in the libretto by Berettoui, Colomb, ou Ducouverte de I'Amerique,

la
the scene is in Venice and the name of the cantata for baritone and male chorus (ib.) ;
heroine is Violetta Tiepolo, but the plot is Lord Byron, do. for a single voice Le Ban- ;
different. dit, opera, given at The Hague, Theatre

BREDAL, IVOR FRIEDRICH, born at Fran(;ais, about 1840 Sapho, Dutch op-
;
Copenhagen, June 17, 1800, died there, era, Amsterdam, 1834 Man in the Four ;
March 25, 1864. Viola player and dramatic Stages of Life, melodrama, ib., 1835 He- ;
comjjoser, pupil of Kuhlau ; when still very roic Death of Speick, do., ib., about 1850
; ;;
BREMER
Nimm dich in Aclit, German about bought the musical concern of Eck & Co.,
opera, ib.,
1845. I'etis ; Viotta. and was for many years professor at the
BREVIER, JOHANN BERNHARD, bom Rhenish School of Music. Works Die Ro- :
in Rotterdam in 1830, still living, 1888. senmiidchen, opera, given at Cologne, 1839 ;
Pianist and orgauist, piqail at the Leipsic Lazarus, oratorio Die Sendung des Heili- ;
Conservatorium of Johanu Sclnieider, and geu Geistes, do.; 3 masses, with orchestra ;
after his return to his native city organist of Several psalms, with do. ; Requiem mass ; 2
the Walloon church and professor at the syrajihonies for orchestra 5 overtures for ;
School of Music of the Musical Society of do.; 4 string quartets; Trio for pianoforte,
the Netherlands. In ISG'I he visited Leip- violin, and violoncello Duos for violins ; ;
sic with his wife, a distinguished singer, Songs Part songs for four male voices, ;
appeared with her in concerts, and brought etc. Fetis Mendel. ;
out several of his compositions in 18(53 he BREVAL, JEAN BAPTISTE, born in

;
produced in Milan his first concerto with the department of I'Aisne, France, in 175G,
orchestra. Works Voyage nocturne, for died at Chamouille, near Laon, in 1825.
:
pianoforte, violin, and violoncello, op. 4 4 Violoncellist, pupil of Cupis made a brill-
; ;
characteristic pieces for four hands, op. 7 iant success at the Concerts Spiritnels, when
;
Jagdlied, for pianoforte, op. 9 Rondo ca- still very young, was a member of the or-
;
priccio, op. Sonata for pianoforte, op. chestra at the Opera in 1781-180G, and
11 ;
13 Quartet for pianoforte and stringed in- professor at the Conservatoire in 1796-
;
struments, op. 16 Knosjien, six pieces for 1802.

; After 1806 he lived for some j-ears
pianoforte 2 concertos for pianoforte with in Paris and Versailles, then retired to Cha-
;
orchestra Judith, oratorio.

;
Fetis, Supple- mouille. Works 2 oi)eras 8 symphonies : ;
ment, i. 125. 7 concertos for violoncello 18 violin quar- ;
BRENDLER, ERICH, died at Stock- tets 21 trios for strings 54 duos for vio- ; ;
holm in 1845 in the bloom of youth. Dra- lins 6 do. for violin and viola 6 do. for ; ;
matic composer, known by the operas, Ed- flutes 18 do. for violin and violoncello 12 ; ;
mund and Clara, and The Death of Spartara, do. for two violoncellos ; 18 soli for violon-
given in Stockholm, 1845. His posthumous cello ; Method for do. {Paris, 1804). Fe-
opera, Ryno, was estimated a work of high tis ; Mendel.
artistic value. Fetis ; Mendel. BREVI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA, Italian
BRESCIANI, PIETRO, born at Brescia composer of the second half of the 17th
(or Padua?) about ISOG, died (?). Dra- centurj'. He was organist of the Cathedral
matic composer, pupil of Antonio Calegari. of Bergamo in 1G73, maestro di cappella of
Works La fiera di Frascati, given at Ven- the cathedral, 1G99, and afterwards of S.
:
ice,1830; L'albero di Diana, Trieste, 1832; Francesco, Milan, and of the Churches del
I promessi sposi, Padua, 1833. Fetis Carmine and S. Fedele. Works : Bizarrie
Mendel. armoniche, ovvero sonate da camera a tre
BREUER, BERNHARD, born at Co- stromeiiti col basso continuo, op. 3 (Bo-
logne in 1808, died (?). Violoncellist, pu- logna, 1693) ; La catena d' oro, ariette da
pil of his grandfather, who was director of camera a voce sola, op. G (Modena, 1696) ;
La divozioue canora, op.

music, then in Berlin of Zelter, of Bernhard 7 (Modena, 1699)
Klein in composition, of A. Wilhelm Bach Delire d' amor divino, o cantate a voce sola
on the organ, and of Moritz Ganz on the e continuo, op. 8, lib. i. (Modena, 1695,
violoncello. After his return to Cologne Venice, 1706). He left an elementary work :
he joined the orchestra of the Stadtthcater, Primi elementi di musica per i principianti
and in 1839 visited Pari.s, where he studied con alquanti solfeggj facili (Venice, 1699).
counterpoint under Cherubini. In 1845 he Fetis Mendel Schilling. ; ;
BREWER
BRE\YER, TH0:MAS, born in 1609, died The Sea-King forbids their marriage, dooms
in 1G7G Vocal comjjoser and performer her to death tor loving a mortal, and drives
('?).
on the viol-da-gamba educated at Christ's him from his realm to the upper world.
;
Hospital. Man}' of Lis rounds and catches BRIDE OF SONG, THE, English oper-
are printed in Hilton's " Catch that Catch etta in one act, text by Henry Faruie, nuisic
can" he also composed several fantasias for by Julius Benedict, represented at Covent
;
the viol, and a pretty three-jjart song. Turn, Garden Theatre, Loudon, Dec. 3, 1864.
Amaryllis, to thy swain. Grove; Fetis BRIDES OF VENICE, THE, English

;
Meudel Gerber Schilling.

; ; grand opera in two acts, music by Julius
BKICCIALDI, GIULIO, born at Terni, Benedict, represented at Drury Lane Thea-
Papal States, March 1, 1818, died in Flor- tre, London, April 22, 1844.
ence, 1882. Flutist, instructed by liis father, BRIDGE, JOHN FREDERICK, born at
then self-taught went to Rome, when
; Oldbury, England,
quite young, and entered the orchestra of Dec. 5, 1844, still liv-
a theatre there, studying composition at the ing, 1888. Organist,
same time under Ravagli. He was only pupil of his father,
seventeen when appointed professor of the who was lay clerk of
Hute at the Aceademia di Sta. Cecilia. In Rochester Cathedral ;
1836-39 he was in Naples, then lived in organist of Trinity

Milan for fifteen months, and in Maj-, 1841, Church, Windsor,
plaj'ed in Vienna with great success, and re- 1865, of jManchester
turned there after having visited the batbs Cathedral, 1869, and
in Bohemia. He met with extraordinary' of Westminster Ab-
success in England, and made London his bey, 1875-81 professor of harmony and ;
principal residence. Works 2 concertos composition at the Royal College of Music.

:
for liute and orchestra Ballabile di con- Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1868
;
Mus. Doc, do., ;
certo for do., op. 15 Fantaisies for do., or 1874.

; Works j\Iount Moriah, oratorio, :
for flute and pianoforte, on operatic themes, 1874 Boadicea, cantata, 1880 Callirrhoe,
; ;
op. 17, 18, 24, 2.5, 27 ; Morceaux de salon do., 1888. Anthems : Magnificat and Nunc
for do., op. 3, 16, 21, 28, 30, 32, etc. Fctis. Dimittis, in D ; do. in G ; Give unto the
BRIDAL OF TRIERMAIN, THE, Lord the glory It is a good thing to give
can- ;
tata, textand music by Frederick Corder, thanks The Lord hath chosen Zion Seek ; ;
first performed at the Wolverhampton ye the Lord We declare unto you glad ti- ;
(England) Festival of 1886. Subject from dings Hope thou in the Lord The Offertory
; ;
Walter Scott's poem of the same name Sentences as used in Westminster Abbey,
(1813). The work, which begins with a 1884 Rock of Ages, for baritone solo, choi--
;
choral introduction in place of an overture, us, and orchestra, 1885 Anthem for cele- ;
and is in two ])arts, is largely in narrative bration of Queen Victoria's Jubilee, West-
form. The music is vigorous and dramatic, minster Abbey, 1887. Part-songs, and songs.
and the cantata was one of the successes of BRIDGE, JOSEPH COX, born in Roch-
the year. Upton, Standard Cantatas, 124. ester, Kent, England, Aug. 16, 1853, still
BRIDE OF DUNKERRON, THE, can- living, 1888. Organist, brother of John
tata, text Ijy Frederick Enoch, music by Frederick Bridge, entered as a chorister in
Henry Smart, first performed at the Bir- Rochester Cathedral, where he studied un-
mingham (England) Festival of 1864. Sub- der John Hopkins and became assistant or-
ject, the traditional story of the Lord of ganist. In 1870 he became assistant to his
Dunkerron, a castle on the coast of Kerry, brother at Manchester Cathedral in 1871 ;
who becomes enamoured of a sea-maiden. organist of Exeter College, Oxford, and in

2.30
: :
BRIEGEL
1877 organist of Chester Catliedral. B.A. BRIGANTI, I (The Brigands), Italian op-
Oxford., 1875 Mus. Bac, ib., 187G
; ; :M.A., era in three acts, text by Crescini, music by
ib., 1878; Mus. Doc, Mercadante, first represented at the Theatre
ib., 1884; Fellow of Italieu, Paris, March 22, 1836. The libretto
the College of Organ- isan adaptation from Schiller's " Die Riiu-
ists, 1879. Works: ber." Mercadante went from Milan to Paris
Daniel, oratorio, to be present at its production, but was dis-
Chester Festival, aupoiutetl at its reception. Same subject
18S.5(Novello&Co.); treated by Luigi Arditi, Milan, 1811.
Magnificat and Nunc BRION D'ORGEVAL, EDOUARD BAR-
Dimittis iu C, voice THELEilY, born at Saint-Etienne (Loire),
and orchestra (1879, May 13, 1833, still living, 1888. Dramatic
id.) String quartet in G minor, 1870
;
composer, pupil at the Marseilles Conserva-
;
4 arrangements for organ from Handel, toire of Barsotti on the pianoforte, and in
Schumann, and Cramer 6 original organ harmony of Schoenagel. He then studied
;
pieces Bourrce and gigue for pianoforte

; ; under his uncle, the Abbe Brion, who was
Polonaise for do. Dance of ISIummers ; maitre de chapelle of the cathedral at Cham-
for do. 2 pianoforte duets No. 1, Danse
; bery, and in 1852 went to Paris and was pu-
slav iu D major, No. 2, do. in G minor; pil, at the Consrevatoire, of Bataille, Levas-
Anthem for Harvest Festivals do., O, and Revial in singing, and of Halevy
; seur,
that men would praise the Lord. Songs and composition. Worksin counterpoint
O moonlight deep and tender (S. or T.) Le meunier de Sans-Souci, comic opera, giv-
;
The Steersman's Song (B.). Part-Songs en at Antwerp, 1861 Le Don Juan de vil- ;
It was a lover and his lass (S. A. T. B.)lage, do., ib., 1863 Una charge de dragons,
; ;
The Curfew (do.) Greek War-Soug (T. T.

; do., Nantes, 1867 Le Chevalier de Cordes- ;
B. B.), with accompaniment of brass instru-

sac, do., Lille, 1868 Ivan IV., ou les Porte- ;
ments Great Britain's Sons (S. A. T. B.)

; glaives, grand opera, Marseilles, 1876
;
Due ;
Soldier, rest (A. T. T. B.).

! et Paysan, opera comique, one act, text by
BKIEGEL, WOLFGANG KAEL, born Yvert, Amiens, 1877 Two operettas Sev- ; ;
in Germany in 162G, died at Darmstadt in eral masses Cantata Motets, choruses, son- ; ;
1710. He was organist at Stettin, and atas; Quintet, etc. Fetis, Supplement, i.l26.
music director to Prince Friedeustein iu BRISSON, FREDERIC, born at Angou-
Gotha ; 1660 he became Kapellmeister
in leme (Charente), Dec. 25, 1821, still living,
to the Duke
of Saxe-Gotha, and in 1670 1888. Pianist, played in public when twelve,
Kapellmeister to the Landgrave in Darm- and gave lessons when fifteen years old. He
stadt, where he spent the rest of his life. studied harmony under Garaudi, and pub-
He was a voluminous composer of concer- lished his first composition in 1840 in 1846 ;
tos, sonatas, madrigals, dance music, Lieder, he went to Paris, where he has since been
psalms, etc., published between 1652 and a prominent teacher and comjioser. He
1709. His Hymn book for Darmstadt ap- Ecole d'orgue traitant speciale-
published :
peared in 1687. A full list of his works ismeut de la soufflerie et contenant 38 exer-
given by Gerber and Fetis.
cises, 50 exeniples et 20 etudes (Paris).
Allgem. d.
Biogr., iii. 328 Fi'tis Gerber Schilling.
; Works Les Ruses villageoises, operetta,
; ; :
BRIGANDS, LES, opera-bouffe in three 1863. Arrangements pour operas Guil- :
acts, text by Henri Meilhac and Ludovic laume Tell, piano, violin, and organ Robert ;
Halevy, music by Offenbach, represented at le Diable, piano, etc. Reverie for piano- ;
the Varietes, Paris, Dec. 10, 1869. forte, op. Arabesque, op. 19 Caprice-
17 ; ;
BRIGANDS, by Verdi. See Masnadieri. etude, op. 25 do., op. 30;

L'Espaguol- ;
BKISTOW
Bolero, op. 32 Galop Je concert, op. 36
; He went to America ;
York, Aug. 13, 1867.
Fantaisie 40 Hjmne triom-
brillaiite, op. performed on the organ, clarinet,
; in 1817,
pbale, op. 4:1 Makouba, dause arabe, op.
;
and trumpet, and was noted as a pianoforte
42 Caprice uocturne, op. 44 Three con-
;
teacher. Among other works he composed
;
cert pieces, op. 46 Reverie fantastique, op.

; 5 masses, and 7 sets of vespers for use in
50 ; Caprice elegant, op. 51 the Roman Catholic Church.
Caprice imi- ;
tatif, op. 55 Valse de concert, oj}. 59 Fan-

;
BRITO, ESTEBAN DE, Spanish com- ;
tasias, duos, trios, etc., from operas. Fetis,

poser of about 1625. He was musical di-
Supplement, i. 127 Mendel, Ergiinz., 48. ; rector of the Cathedrals of Badajos and
BRISTOW, GEORGE
FREDERICK, Malaga. Works Tratado de musica Mo- : ;
born in Brooklyn, New York, Dec. 19, 1825, tetes a 4, 5, 6 voces Motete, Exurge Do- ;
still living, 1888. Son of William Richard mine, 4 voc. Villancicos de Natividad. His ;
Bristow. He was a violinist, about 1836, compositions, which are in MS., are pre-
in the orchestra of the Olympic Theatre, served in the library of the King of Portu-
New York and in the New York Philhar- gal. Fetis Mendel Gerber.
; ; ;
monic Society from its organization in 1842, BRIXI, FRANZ XAVER, born at Prague
for more than forty years. In 1851-62 he in 1732, died there, Oct. 13, 1771. Church
was conductor of the New York Harmonic composer, pupil of Pater Simeon in the Pi-
Societ}-, and later of the Mendelssohn Union. arists'College at Kosmanos became organ- ;
He was also organist of several churches ist at St. Gall's, Prague, then at St. Nich-
in New York, among them St. John's, St. olas's, and afterwards choirmaster at St.
George's, Zion, and the Church of the Cov- Martin's, finally, in 1756, Kapellmeister at
enant, and a teacher of music in the public the cathedral. He was a capital contrapun-
schools of New York more than forty years. tist,and did much towards the reform of
His compositions, which number more than Catholic church music his works are dis- ;
sixty, are most of them still in MS. The tinguished for originality and diversity of
following are the more important h'ip Van : ideas. Works 52 grand masses 24 short
: ;
Winkle, ojjera, produced at Niblo's Garden, do. ; Litanies, vespers, graduals, ofiertories,
New York, Sept. 27, 1855 Columbus, an ; and oratorios Also operas and operettas.
;
unfinished opera, the overture to which has Dlabacz, 224 Fetis Mendel.
i. ; ;
been given in New York several times since BRIZIO, PETRUCCI, born at Mosca
1857 Praise to God, oratorio, 1860 Dan-
; ; Lombarda, Ferrara, June 12, 1737, died at
iel, oratorio, produced in New York, Dec. Ferrara, June 23, 1825. Dramatic com-
30, 1867 5 symphonies, of which the Ar-
; poser, pupil of Pietro Beretta ; became ma-
cadian was performed in New York by the estro di caijpella at the Cathedral of Fer-
Philharmonic Society, Feb. 14, 1874 ; String rara in 1784. Works : Ciro riconoseiuto,
quartet, in F ; String quartet, in G minor ;
opera, given at Ferrara ; I pazzi improvisati,
The Great Republic, cantata, with orchestral opera buffa, ib., about 1770 Masses for 4 ;
accompaniment, 1880 Pieces for the vio- ; voices and orchestra Psalms, Te Deums, ;
lin, the pianoforte, and the organ Christ ; litanies, hymns, etc. Stabat Mater Pas- ; ;
our Passover, anthem Christmas Anthem, ; toral mass and Credo for Christmas, with
1887 Songs. He was one of the compilers
; full orchestra, etc.- Fetis.
of Music of the Church (1852), of The Can- BRIZZI, CARLO, Italian composer, con-
tilena, for Day Schools (1860), and of The temjaorary. He is the author of L' avaro,
Cantata, for Day Schools (1866). opera buffa, text by Romani, represented at
BRISTOW, WILLIAM RICHARD, born, the Teatro Brunetti, Bologna, May 19, 1877.
of English parentage, in Kent, England, BROCA Y RODRIGUEZ, ENRIQUE
February, 1803, died in Brooklyn, New ALEJO, born at Madrid, Feb. 17, 1843,
.339
;
BROCrTARD
1888.
still livinp:, Violinist, first instructed Works
Operas: Echound Narcissus, 1693 ;
by one Manuel Pamfil, then j^npil of Isidore Venus, 1694 Cei)halus uud Prokris, 1701
;
;
de Vega on tbe violin, and studied harmony Philippus, Herzog von Mailand Berenice, ;
and composition at the Conservatorio. He 1702 Victor (music for 3d act), 1702 Der
; ;
played first violin in the orchestra of the Herzog von Normandie, 1703 Der Tod des ;
Zarznela in 1858-67. Composer of masses, grossen Pans, 1702. He published also a

psalms, motets, overtures, and the music to collection of cantatas for the voice alone
several zarzuelas.
Fetis, Supplement, i. 128. (1690), and chorals arranged for the organ
BROCHAED, PETER, born in Munich, (Hamburg, 1716). Allgem. d. Biogr., iii.
Aug. -4, 1779, died there (?) after 1811. 361 Fetis Mendel Gerber Schilling.
; ; ; ;
Composer, pujiil of Kleinheinz and of BRONSART, HANS VON, born in Ber-

Streicher on the pianoforte, of Held and lin, Feb. 11, 1830,
Friedrich Eek on the violin, and of Schlccht still Yiving, 1888.
in composition. In 1797-98 he was a mem- Pianist, educated
ber of the theatre orchestra at Munich, at Dantzic and at
whither he returned iu 1799 after a year in Berlin University ;
Mannheim, and in 1804, having played for pupil iu harmony

two years in the court orchestra at Stuttgart. and composition of

"Works Ballets Der Tempel der Tugend,
: Dehn in Berlin,
Der Dorf-Jahrmarkt, Die zwei Wilden, given and on the iiiauo-
in Munich, 1800 Der Mechaniker, ib.,
; forte under Kullak,
1806 Der dankbare Sohn, ib., 1807 Son-
; ; and of Liszt at
atas, variations, ariettas, cantatas, etc. Fetis. Weimar. He ac-
BROD, HENRI, born in Paris, June 13, quired fame on his concert tours through
1799, died there, April 5, 1839. Virtuoso Europe, conducted the Euterpe concerts at
on the oboe, pujjil of Vogt at the Conserva- Leipsic in 1860-62, the concerts of the Ge-
toire, where he won the first prize in 1819. sellschaft der Musikfreunde in Berlin in
He played the first oboe in the orchestra of 1865-66, and became intend ant of the Royal
the Opera, beside his master, and in 1832 Theatre at Hanover in 1867. Works: Trio
became professor at the Conservatoire. In for pianoforte, in G minor Concerto for ;
all the concerts in which he was heard, in do. Fnihlings-Fantasie, for orchestra
; Sex- ;
Paris and abroad, he obtained the most tet for stringed instruments Christnacht, ;
brilliant success. L. of Honour, 1838. cantata, jierformed in Leipsic Der Corsar, ;
Works Four fantaisies for oboe with or- ojiera (MS.), text from Byron Polonaise in
:
;
chestra or pianoforte Nocturne concertant C minor.

;
Mendel Riemann. ;
for oboe and pianoforte Bolero for do. and

; BRONSART, Mme INGEBORG ^'ON,
orchestra Airs varies for do., with quartet
; bom of Swedish par-
Three quintets for oboe, flute, clarinet, horn, ents (Starek), in St.
and bassoon Grand method for oboe, etc.
; Petersburg, in 1843,
Fetis Mendel.
; married Hans von
BRONNER, GEORG, born in Holstein Bronsart in 1862. Pi-
in 1666, supposed to have died in 1764 or anist, pupil of Liszt.
1724?. Dramatic composer and organist. Works Konig Hiarne, :
His works are recorded in the annals of the opera Jery und B;l- ;
Hamburg Theater, of which he became di- tely, operetta, text after

rector in 1699, soon after producing several Goethe, represented at
of his operas. He was also organist of the the Grand-Ducal Theatre, Weimar, April
OUurch of the Holy Ghost at Hamburg. 26, 1873 Songs Pianoforte music, etc.
; :
:
BRONZE
BRONZE HORSE. See Gheval de BROWN, OBADIAH BRUEN, born, of
Bronze. American parentage, in Washington, D. C,
BROS, Don JUAN, born at Tortosa, July 2, 1829, still living, 1888. Pupil, in
Spain, in 1776, died at Oviedo, March
Boston, on the pianoforte and in composi-
12,
1852. Church composer, pupil of Queralt tion of J. C. D. Parker and Carl Hause, in
at Barcelona, where he soon became assist- instrumentation of Carl Zerrahn, and in
ant maestro de cajjilla at Santa Maria del singing of J. Q. Wetherbee and August
Mar, and organist at San Severo. In 1807 Kreissmann ; also attended the lectureson
he obtained the position of maestro de ca- counterpoint of Prof.J. K. Paine. In 1869
pilla of the cathedral at Malaga, was in the he went to Europe, and studied the piano-
same capacity at Leon in 1815-23, then from forte in Leipsic under Louis Plaidy, and
1834 at Oviedo, whither he had retired af- comjôsition under J. C. Lobe. In 1860-
ter 1823. He comjiosed numerous masses, 69 he was teacher of music in the State
psalms, and other church music, among Normal Schools of Bridgewater, Framing-
which are quoted as the best 3 Misereres : ham, and Salem, Mass.; and he has also
with lamentations, a Te Deum, and a Re- taught music in the public schools of Bos-

quiem. Fetis. ton, Roxbury, Chelsea, Brookline, Salem,
BROSIG, MORITZ, born at Fuchswinkel, and Maiden, where he is teaching at pres-
Silesia, Oct. 15, 1815, died at Breslau, Jan. 24, ent. He has been organist in Boston five :
1887. Pupil at Breslau of Franz Wolf, whom years of the South Congregational Church,
he succeeded as organist of the cathedral in eight yeai-s of West Church, and since 1876
1842. He was made Dom-Kapellmeister in of the New Jerusalem Church. He has con-
1853, afterwards assistant director of the ducted several choral societies, among them
Royal Institute for Catholic church music, the Maiden Choral Union, and has acted as
and instructor at the university. Doctor musical editor for several music-publishing
of Philosophj', and member of the Accade- The pianoforte scores of Macken-
houses.
mia di Sta. Cecilia, Rome. Works 4 grand :Rose of Sharon, and of Gounod's Mors
zie's
instrumental masses 3 short do. 7 books

; et Vita, and the Holy Vision were arranged
;
of graduals and offertories 20 books of

; by him for Novello, Ewer & Co., of London,
organ pieces Organ book in eight parts
; from the manuscript orchestral scores which
;
Choralbuch, etc.
Fetis ^Mendel Rieniann. were sent from England for the purpose.
; ;
BROUSTET, EDOUARD, born at Tou- Many of his compositions have been pub-
louse, April 29, 1836, still living there, lished under the pseudonyms of Ernest
1888. Pianist, pupil in Paris of Maleden Leslie and Ferdinand Mayer. Works
in harmony, of Camille Stamaty, Ravina, Scherzo for orchestra, first jjerformed in
and Henri Litolfl", with whom he made an Boston, 1886, in MS. Vocal Quartets :
extended tour abroad as far as St. Peters- How beautiful upon the mountains Thy ;
burg. After his return he brought out sun shall no more go down. Trios I will :
several of his compositions in Paris, in 1871 lay me down The Lord will comfort Zion. ;
visited Spain and Portugal, and settled in Anthems Whoso dwelleth in the secret :
his native city. Works 3 trios for piano- place Unto Thee, O Lord. Sacred Songs:
: ;
forte, violin, and violoncello Sj'mphonie O that thou had'st hearkened Therefore
; ;
concertante for pianoforte and orchestra the redeemed of the Lord Songs and part-
; ;
Tarantella for do. Concerto for do. Grande songs.

; ;
valse de concert Quintet for pianoforte and

;
BRUCH, MAX, born in Cologne, Jan. 6,
strings Suite for string instruments Fan- 1838, still living, 1888.
; ;
His father was in
taisies, romances, t'tudes, etc., for pianoforte. government employ, his mother a brilliant
Fetis, Supplement, i. 129. singer who watched carefully over her son's
;
BRUCK
early musical instruction. He studietl bar- opera, op. 16, Mannheim, 1863 ; Hermioiie,
mony nud couiitei-point at Bonn under Brei- opera, op. 1872
10, liOmischer Berlin, ;
densteiu. In 1852 he Triumjjhgesang, for male chorus and or-

won the Mozart schol- chestra, op. 19, No. 1 Das Wessobruu- ;
arship at Fraukfort- ner Gebet, Lied der Stiidte, Schottlands

ou-the-Main for four Thriinen, for do., op. 19, No. 2 (1862);
years, and continued Gesang der heiligeu drei Ki'mige, for do.,
his studies in compo- op. 21; Frilhjof, for do., op. 23 (1862);
sitionunder Hiller, Salaniis, for do., op. 25 ; Normanneiizug,
Breuniug, and Iteiu- for do., op. 32 Die Flucht der heiligeu
;
ecke at Cologne. Familie, for mixed chorus, soli, and orches-

During this period tra, op. 20 (1863) Sclwn Ellen, ballad for
;
he set to music Gei- do., op. 21: (1869) ; Eomiache Leicheufeier,

bel's Lorelei (originally written and for do., op.
for, 34: ; Das Lied vom deutschen
partly set by Mendelssohn). do., op. 37
Leaving Co- Kaiser, for Odi/sseus, for do., ;
logne about 1856, he made long -visits to Of). 41 (1871) Arminius, oratorio, for do., ;
Leipsic, Munich, and other musical centres. op. 43 (1875), Boston, 1883 Das Lied von ;
In Munich he met Geibel, whom he at last der Glocke, cantata, for do., of). 45 (1879)
prevailed upon to permit the performance of Acldlleus, for do., op. 50, Rhenish Music
his Lorelei, which was accordingly brought Festival, Bonn, 1885 Jubilate, Amen, for ;
out in IMauuheim, and later in Cologne. sojsrano solo, chorus, and orchestra, op. 3 ;
During his staj' in Mannheim he wrote Die Birken nnd die Erlen, for do., op. 8 ;
some of his best-known works, and stud- Die Flucht iiacli Egypten, for do. (female
ied dramatic composition. In 1865 he was chorus), op. 31, No. 1 ; Morgeustunde, for
made musical director of the Conzert-In- do., op. 31, No. 2 ; Frithjof auf seines Vaters
stitution at Coblentz, 1867 was ap- Grabhiigel, concert scene for baritone solo,
and in
pointed Kapellmeister to the Prince of female chorus, and orchestra, op. 27 Bo- ;
Schwarzburg-Soudershausen. In 1870 he rate coeli, for mixed chorus, orchestra, and

resigned this post to go to Berlin, where, organ (ad libitum), Of). 29 Kyrie, Sanctus, ;
and at Bonn he has since lived, occupying Benedictus, and Agnus Dei, for double
himself entirely with composition. In 1883 choir, organ, and orchestra, op. 35 Dithy- ;
be visited the United States, bringing out rambe, for tenor solo, chorus, and orchestra,
his Arminius in Boston. He now stands in op. 39 Die Priesterin der Isis in Rome, for
;
the front rank of German musicians. If contralto, with orchestra, op. 30 5 songs ;
his operas have been mainly unsuccessful, for mixed chorus, a cappella, op. 38 4 male ;
and his orchestral works and chamber mu- choruses, op. 48 First symphony for full ;
sic comparatively inconspicuous, his compo- orchestra, in E-flat, op. 28 Second do., in ;
sitions for chorus and orchestra are the F minor, op. 36 Third do., in E, op. 51 ;
basis of his high reputation. He stands (1887) First concerto for violin and orches-
;
to-day as the foremost representative of the tra, op. 26 Second do., op. 44 Rom.anze,
; ;
epic cantata. His best-known and most for do., op. 42 Fantasia on Scotch airs, for ;
admired works are his Scenes from the do., op. 46 (1880) Kol Nidrei, after Hebrew ;
Frithjof-fiaga (which first established his melodies, for violoncello and orchestra, op.
and his two vio- 47 Quartet for strings, in C minor, op. 9
reputation), his Odt/sseus, ;
;
lin concertos in minor and D minor. do., in E, op. 10 Trio for pianoforte, violin,
G ;
Works Scherz, List und Rache, operetta, and violoncello, in C minor, op. 5 3 duets
: ;
op. 1, given at Cologne, 1858 Jungfrau for soprano and contralto, with pianoforte,
;
von Orleans, ib., 1851) Lorelei/, romantic op. 4

; 4 terzets, and 3 duets, for do., op. 6
; ;
BRUCK
Songs, op. 7, 13, 15, 17, 18, 22, 33, 49 ; and en in Berlin, 1875 Der Landfriede, op.
;
isiimoforte nnisic, op. 2 (4 liaiuls), 11 (2 30, Vienna, 1877 Bianca, Dresden, 1879
; ;
pianofortes), 12, 14. Fotis, Siipplument, i. KOnigin Marietta,

129 Grove
; ; Mendel ; Eiemanu ; Mus. Munich, 1883 Das ;
Wocheublatt (1870), 773, 787, 833. sleinerne Herz, Vien-

BRUCK. See Arnould de Bruek. na, 1888 Im AValde,;
BRUCKNEK, ANTON, born at Ansfeld- Jagd Ouvertiire, for

eu, Uj)per Austria, orchestra, op. 25 ; 2
September, 1824, still serenades, for do.,
living, 1888, in Vienna. in F, op. 29 ; in E,
% Organist,
ed bj' bis
first instruct-
fatlier, then
op.
in E
36 ;
minor, op. 31
Symphony,
;
cbieHj' self-taught and Tanz-Suite, for do., oja. 54 ; Overture to

pupil in Vienna of Macbeth, op. 46 ; Two concertos for piano-
Secbter in counter- forte, op. 10 and 24 ; Concerto for violin,
point, and at Linz op. 41 Suite for pianoforte and violin, op.
;
(18G1-63) of Otto 42 Sonata for violoncello and pianoforte,

;
Kitzler in eonipiosition. op. 9 ; do. for 2 pianofortes (4 hands), op.

He was and pianoforte, op. 48
for several 21 ; do. for violin ;
years organist at the Monastery of St. Flo- Trio, Cycle of Tuscan songs, for oj). 14 ;
rian, from 1855 at the Cathedral of Linz, and mixed chorus, tenor and soi^rano soli, op.
in 1868 became Sechter's successor at the 22 Siisses Begrabniss, for 2 soprani, tenor, ;
Imperial Chajjel in Vienna, when he was also

and 2 basses, op. 23 Der drei contralto, ;
apijointed professor at the Conservatorium. Burschen Lied, for mixed chorus Jagdlied, ;
In 1875 he was apj)ointed lecturer on music for do., op. 26, No. 1 Gebt mirvom Becher, ;
at the university. AVorks 8 symjihouies for male chorus, op. 26, No. 2 Pianoforte
:
; ;
3 grand masses Te Deum Graduals and of- pieces (op. 6, for 2 pianofortes)
; ; Songs. ;
fertories Quintet for strings Germauen-

;
BRU3HEL, ANTOINE, born in the Neth-
;
zug, for male chorus Other works for do. ; erlands about 1480 (?), died about 1520 (?).
BRUGGER, Dr. J. D. C, born at Frei- He was one of the most distinguished of
burg, Breisgau, Oct. 23, 1796, died (?). Vio- Okeghem's pupils, and of the composers of
linist, pujiil of Weiland and Moor on the the second (or great) Flemish school. He
violin professor at the Gymnasium of Frei- and De la Rue may be accounted the two
;
burg, where be conducted the academical greatest contemporaries of Josquin Depres.

concerts. Works German mass for 4 voices
: Although his rejiutation was wide-spread in ;
Patriotic songs for male chorus Many songs his own day, nothing is now known of his
;
for a voice and pianoforte, or guitar. life. As a composer, if he lacked something

BRiiLL, IGN.iZ, born at Prossnitz, Mo- of Josquin's finish of st_yle, he was yet one
ravia, Nov. 7, 1846, still living, 1888. Pian- of the strongest of his time ; his harmony
istand dramatic composer, puisil in Vienna is peculiarly Although as consummate
fine.
of Epstein on the jiianoforte, and of Rufi- a master of counterpoint as any composer

natscha and Dessotf in composition. He of his time, he did not affect the enigmati-
appeared in concerts in Vienna, and in the cal canons and mere musical puzzles then in
large cities of Germany, with increasing fa- vogue. He was one of the first to attempt
vour, and was especially successful in Lon- the feat of writing for twelve real voices ;
don, where he played in twenty concerts in but his habitual style was for four voices.
1878. Work.s Operas
Die Bettler von : His masterpieces were the missa De beata
Samai'kand (1864) ; Das (juldene Kreuz, giv- Virgine, and the missa De A/n'y^. Pub-
liUU^vELLI
lislied works : Several motets in " Motetti (Venice, 1614) Fioretti spirituali a 1-5
;
xxxiii." (Venice, Petrucci, 1502), and iu voci, op. 15 (ib., 1621). Fetis Schilling. ;
" Motetti tlella Coroua," lib. i. (Fossoin- BRUNET'Jl, GAiiTANO, born at Pisa,
broue, Petrucci, 1514:), and some cbausons Italy, in 1753, died in Madrid in 1808.
in Petrucci's " Cauti B," and " Cauti cento Violinist ; puiîl of Nardini. He spent the
ciuquanta " (Venice, 1501 Five greater part of his life at the Spanish court,
and 1503) ;
masses, viz., Je n'ai deuil, Berzeretta savoy- where he was court musician to Charles IV.
enne, TJt re mi fa sol la, L'Homme armc, His compositions, which number more than
Victimse pasclialae (Venice, Petrucci, 1503) two hundred, consist of 32 symphonies for ;
Mass De Missarum diversorum orchestra 5 concerted symphonies for dif-

Api'yf, in ' ;
auctorum liber primus " (Venice, Petrucci, ferent instruments Two books of composi- ;
1508) Three masses, viz., De beata Vir- tions for wind instruments for horse dances
;
gins, A I'ombre dung buyssonet (in canon). at public fetes 6 sextets 32 quintets 6 ; ; ;
"
Pro defuuctis, in Liber quindecim missa- quintets for violins, etc., and other violin
"
rum (Rome, Andreas de Antiquis, 1510) and violoncello music among which are 18 ;
;
Patrem from the mass Villayge, in " Frag- sonatas for violin and bass. Fetis jVIendel. ;
menta missarum " (Venice, Petrucci, no BRUNETTI, GIOVANNI GUALBERTO,

date) ; Two masses, viz., A I'ombre, etc., born iu Pisa, Italy, about 1760, died ('?).
"
Festivals, in " Liber
quindecim missarum Dramatic composer, sou of Antonio Bru-
(Nuremberg, Job. Petrejus, 1538) Mass ; uetti, maestro di cappella at Pisa, whom be
Boutemps, iu ' Missse tredecim " (Nurem- succeeded at the cathedral. Works Operas:
berg, Grapheus, 1539) Pleui sunt cceli and ;
Amore imbratta il senno (opera bufta in
Qui venit iu nomine Domini, in Glarean's Neapolitan patois), Pisa, 1733 Don Pas- ;
" Dodecachordou " (Basel, 1547) Laudate ; quino (do.), ib., 1785 ; II Corrivo, Naples,
Dominum, (iu Forkel, ii. 629-647). The 1736 Lo sposo di tre, Marito di nessuua,
;
twelve-voice Et ecce terne motus,

mass, Bologna, 1786 Le stravagauze iu campag-
;
and some other works are in MS. iu the na, Venice, 1787 Bertoldo e Bertoldina, ;
Munich Libi'ary many MSS. are iu the ar- Florence, 1788 Demofoonte, 1790 Nozze
; ; ;
chives of the Pontifical Chapel at Eome. per invito, ossia gli amanti capricciosi,
Some chansons are in the Cor. Basevi in the Rome, 1791 Fatima, Brescia, 1791. Of ;

Eiccardiaua at Florence. Ambros, iii. 240. bis church music, his Matines de la Trinite,
BRUNELLI, AXTONIO, Italian composer for eight voices, is considered best. Fetis.
of beginning of 17th century. He was ma- BRUNI, ANTONIO BARTOLOMEO,
estro di cajipella of the Cathedral of Prato, born at Coni, Piedmont, Feb. 2, 1759, died
subsequently of S. Miniato, Florence, and there in 1823. Dramatic composer and vio-
to the Grand Duke of Tuscany. He was linist pupil of Pugnaui for violin, and of ;
one of the best theoretical vocalists and Spezzani in composition. He lived in Paris
contrapuntists of his day. "Works Eser- from 1771, was first in the orchestra of the
:
cizi ad una e due voci (Florence, 1605) Theatre de Monsieur, was afterwards con- ;
Motetti a due voci, lib. i. (ib., 1607) do. ductor of the Opera Comique. "Works Op- ;

lib. 2 ; L' affettuoso invaghito, canzonette a eras, all jilayed in Paris Ce- : Coradin, 1786 ;
ire voci (ib., 1608) ; I fiori odoranti, madri- lestiue, 1787; L'Isola incantata, 1789 Aze- ;
gali a tre voci, lib. 1 (Venice, 1609) ; Le fiam- lie, 1790 Spinette et Mariiii, and Le niort
;
mette d' iugeuio, madrigali a tre voci, lib. 2 imagiuaire, 1791 L'officier de fortune, 1792
; ;
1610); La
(ib., Sacra. Can tica, a 1-4 voci; Claudiue, 1794 Le mariage de J. J. Rous-
;
Regole e dichiarazioni di alcuui contrapunti seau, 1795 Toberni, ou le pecheur suedois,

;
doppj, etc. (Florence, 1610) ; Scherzi, arie, 1795 Le Major Palmer, 1797 La rencontre
; ;
canzonette e madrigali a 1-3 voci, lib. 3 en voyage, and Les sabotiers, 1798 ; L'Au-
, ;
BRUNNMULLER
tear dans son menage, 1799 Augustine et ; BRZOWSKI, JOSEPH, born at Warsaw
Benjamin, ou les Sargiues de village, 1800 ;
in 1805, still living, 1888, Pianist and dra-
La bonne soeur, 1801 Le regue de douze ; matic composer, jjupil of Karl Kurpinski
heures, 1811 Le mariage par commission,
; became musical director of the ballet at the
1816 Cadiclion, ou les Bobemiennes, 1792
; ;
Warsaw Theatre
in 1832, and made a con-
L'Esclave, 1800. He wrote also for the vio- through Germany and France incert tour
lin four sets of sonatas, several concertos, 1837, and, with his daughter and pupil Hed-
ten quartets, and twenty-eiglit duets, which wiga, pianist, to Germany in 1843. Works
1
:
have been used in teaching with his " Mc- Hrabia Weseliuski, Polish oi:)era, given at
thode de Violou," jjublished in Paris and Warsaw, 1833 Fantastic overture Dra- ; ;
Leipsic.
; matic symphony Quartet with jjianoforte ; ;
BRUNNMULLER (B r o u n e m ti 1 1 e r) Quintet, do.; Requiem for soli, chorus, and

ELIAS, born in Germany in 1666, died at orchestra Pianoforte jîeces, and songs, ;
Amsterdam, Sept. 17, 1762. Pianist and duets, etc. Fetis, Sujjplement, i. 131.
violinist, pujail of Scarlatti, Lunati, and BUCHERON, LE (The Wood Cutter),
Corelli played with success in London, opera-comique in one act, text by Guichard
;
Paris, and at many Eurojjean courts, and and Castel, music bj' Philidor, first repre-
settled in Holland, first at The Hague, then sented at the Comcdie Italienne, Paris, Feb.
at Amsterdam. Works Sonata a due vio- 28, 1703. A satire on loquacious women.
:
lin! e violoncello con organo, ojJ. 1 Simon BUCHNER, EMIL, born at Osterfeld
;
van Beaumont, op. 2 Toccata, fugues, cha- near Naumburg, Prussian Saxony, Dec. 5,
;
couue, suites, etc., for pianoforte and organ, 1826, still living, 1888. Pupil at the Con-
op. 3 6 solos for violin
; 6 do. for oboe servatoriura, Leipsic (1843-46), in which
; ;
Fasciculus musicus, containing toccatas, soli city he continued to live until 1856, and
for oboe, violin, and flute, and Italian and whither he returned as musical director in
German melodies. All these are in the 1862, having meanwhile conducted the
library at Leyden.
Mendel, Erganz., 49. theatre orchestras at Rostock, Augsburg,
BRUSA, GIOVANNI FRANCESCO, born Nuremberg, Innsbruck, and Magdeburg.
in Venice about the middle of the 17th In 1865 he became Hof-Kapellmeister at
century, died probably in 1740. Dramatic Meiningen. Works Dame Kobokl, opera, :
comjjoser became organist of the Orga- text by Theodor Apel, about 1860 Konig
; ;
netto del Palchetto in San Marco, 1726, and Harald's Brautfahrt, cantata Overture to ;
choirmaster in the Conservatorio degl' In- Schiller's Wallenstein (1867), and other
curabili. Works: II Trionfo della Virtu, overtures ; Trio for pianoforte, etc. ; Songs.
given in 1724 Amor eroico, 1725; ; Medea BUCK, DUDLEY, born, of American
e Giasone, 1726. Fctis. parentage, in Hart-
BRUTI, VINCENZO, Italian composer, a ford,Connecticut,
chef de musique in the Italian army, contem- March 10, 1839 still ;
porary. He is the author of Macco, Italian living, 1888. Organ-

opera buffa, given at the Teatro Brunelli, ist, pupil on the
Bologna, June, 1872 Adina, comic opera, ;
pianoforte of W. J.
represented at Sangeuesio, 1877. Babcock, and in the
BRYNE, ALBERT, Euglish composer of
Leipsic Conservato-
the 17tli century. Organist, pupil of John rium, 1858, of Plaidy
Tomkins, whom he succeeded as organist and Moscheles, in in-
of St. Paul's Cathedral, London. His com- strumentation of Ju-
positions are preserved in Boyce and Clif- lius Rietz, and in composition of Haupt-
ford, and in MS. in the British Museum. mann. Aftei' remaining at Leif)sic |
for
238
;; ;
BUHL
Triumphal JMarch, op. 26 Im- ner, op. 23
eighteen montlis, he became a, jjupil on
;
;
Eighteen Pedal promptu Pastoral, op. 27

the organ of Johaiin Schneider in Dres-
;
den, and again of Rietz and in 18G1 lie Phrasing Studies, op. 28 Rondo Caprice,
;
;
op. 35 Several Transcriptions and Varia-

went to Paris and studied Frencli music ;
Second
for a short time. Eeturniug to America in tions At Evening, Idylle, op. 52 ;
;
18G2, he settled first in Hartford, where he Grand

Sonata, in G minor, op. 77; The
Organist's Repertoire, edited by D. Buck
was organist of the Park Church then in ;
Warren. Pianoforte music;

Chicago of St. James's Episcopal Church. and A. P.
Boston, where he was Songs, words by E. C. Stedman, and other
In 1872 he removed to
of St. Paul's Church, and, Songs Dictionary of Musical Terms The ;
appointed organist ;
the Organ in History (1882).

subsequently, of the Music Hall Association, Influence of
BUHL, JOSEF DAVID, born at the Cha-
a position which placed him in charge of the
he was or- teau de Chanteloup, near Amboise (Indre-et-
great Music Hall organ. In 1875
May Festival, and Loire), of German parents, in 1781, died at
ganist at the Cincinnati
Virtuoso on the
during the same year went to New York as Versailles,
April, 1860.
assistant conductor of Thomas's trumpet, studied in

Theodore Paris. He was pro-
Central Park Garden Concerts. He became fessor of the

trumpet in the cavah-y school
Holy in 1805-11, conductor of the
also organist of the Church of the at Ver.sailles
the Apollo Club, Garde du Corps in 1824, and a member of

Trinity, and director of
Brooklyn, in 1875. Works: Legfiid oi Bon the orchestra of the
Opera and of the The-
Muiiio, cantata, 1874 Faalm 46, do., Handel atre Italien in
;
1816-25. He devoted much
Boston, 187-t Centen- time to improvements in his instrument.
and Haydn Society, ;
nial Meditation of Columbia, do., 1876 L. ofHonour, 1814. Works: Quicksteps

The Nun of Nidaros, do., 1878 The Golden ;
for wind instruments 16 marches, quick-
;
Deseret, comic opera, steps, etc., for four trumpets, two horns,
and
Legend, do., 1880 ;
trombone War-song for horns, trumpets,

1880 Marmion, symphonic overture for or-
;
;
chestra, 1880 Voyage of Colamlnis, 1885

; ;
and trombone Duets for trumpets, etc.
;
Light of Asia (188G) King Olaf's Christmas, ;

Method for the trumpet.^Fetis Mendel. ;
1887 ;Slav Spangled Banner, overture, BUHLER, ABBE FRANZ (GREGOR),

Augsburg, April
1888 Easter Morning, for mixed voices born at Schneidheim, near
;
Augsburg, Feb. 4, 1824.

Hymu to Music, mixed voices. Church 12, 1760, died at
Motet Collection, 1867 Second Organist, first instructed by his father,
Music : ;
Abbey of Neresheim, where he

Motet Collection; Morning Service for and at the
Evening Service became a chorister in 1770, pupil of Fa-
Episcopal Church, op. 25 ;
for do., op. 31 Christ pur Passover, op. 29

;
ther IMayr in singing, of Father Werk- ;
Hark, what mean meister on the pianoforte, and of

Father
There were shepherds ;
Darkly rose the Faulhaber in harmony and composition

these holy voices?, op. 32
;
;
guilty morning, op. 33 ; Morning Service, then at

Augsburg pupil of Michael Dimm-
op. 45 Evening Service, op. 47
;
Easter ler on the organ and in composition. He ;
Anthem, op. 46 Christmas Anthem, op. 48 was organist at Mayngen Monastery for a ;
;
Special Hymns (8 numbers), op. 43 Three short time, and,

having returned to Augs- ;
Anthems, op. 72 Te Deum and Jubilate burg, went to the Convent of Benedictines
;
where he studied
from Schubert's Mass in B-flat O Saviour, at Donauwerth in 1778, ;
hear me Midnight Service for New

! ; A under Neubauer and Rosetti, was made a
Year's Eve. Organ Illustrations in Choir :
priest in 1784, and called as Kapellmeister
Accompaniment, with Hints in Registration, to Botzen in 1794 he obtained from the

;
pope his secularization in 1801, and became

1877 Grand Sonata in E-flat, op. 22 Con-
;
;
cert Variations on the Star Spangled Ban- Kapellmeister of the Cathedral of Augsburg.
;
Bumi
Works Masses with organ and orchesti-a 28 mitted a member of the Chapel Royal, and
: ;
Vesper hymns 3 German masses for three in 1586 received the degree of jMus. Bac.
;
voices and orchestra (Augsburg) Psahns, and in 1592 that of Mus. Doc, at Oxford.
;
Pauge lingua, Libera, Eequieni, Te Deum, Upon the recommendation of Queen Eliza-
Vespers Several collections of German Lie- beth he was appointed professor of music in
;
der with pianoforte Sonatas and preludes Gresham College, 1596, which position he
;
for organ, etc.

Fetis Mendel Schilhng. resigned on his marriage in 1607, it being
; ;
BUmi, GroSEPPE MARIA, born at tenable by statute only so long as he

Bologna towards the end of the 16th cen- remained unmarried. In 1601 he went
tury. Dramatic composer, pianist and vio- abroad for the recovery of his health, and
linist, and poet wrote the text to six of his made a concert tour through Holland,
;
operas. Member of the Accademia Filar- France, and Germany. In 1611 he was in
monica, 1722 principe in 1730 and 1735. the service of Prince Henry, and in 1613
;
Works L' ipocondriaco, given in Florence, went to the Netherlands, where he entered
:
1718 II Mago deluso dalla magia, Bo- the service df the Archduke, and in 1617
;
logna, 1718 La pace per amore, I diporti became organist of the Cathedral of No-
;
d' amore in villa, ib., 1719 Gl' inganni tre Dame at Antwerp.
; Of his composi-
fortunati, Filindo, Armida delusa, Venice, tions, said to number more than 200, only
1720 Cleofile, ib., 1721 Amore e maesta, a few have been printed in various collec-
; ;
ovvero 1' Arsace, Gl' Inganni felici, Flor- tions to wit, in Barnard's, Boyce's, Leigh- ;
ence, 1722 Armida abbandonata, ib., 1723 ton's, etc. A list of his works is contained in
; ;
La ninfa riconosciuta, ib., 1724 Adelaide, Ward's "Lives of the Gresham Professors."
;
Bologna, 1725 Gli sdegni cangiati in To him has been attributed the composition
;
amore, Venice, 1725 B savio delirante. of the national anthem God save the King,
;
La vendetta disarmata dall' amore, Bo- but the question still remains undecided.
logna, 1726 Albumazar, ib., 1727 Frene-
; Burney, iii. 115 Hawkins, ii. 366 Chap-
; ; ;
sie d' amore, ib., 1728 Teodorico, Malmo- pell, Popular Music of Olden Time, 249, 698
; ;
eor, Amore e gelosia, Chi no fa, non falla, Marpurg's Beitrlige, iv. Grove Mendel. : ;
Endimione, ib., 1729 L' Oi-tolane eon- BULL, OLE (BOENEMANN), born at
;
tessa, II podesta di Colognole, La maschera Bergen, Norway, Feb.

levata al vizio, ib., 1730 Artanagamem- ; 5, 1810, died at his villa
none, Fidarsi e ben, ma non fidarsi e me- Lysoen, near Bergen,

glio, Venice, 1731 Gli amici de' martelli,
; Aug. 17, 1880. Violin
Bologna, 1734 Fe'tis Mendel. ; virtuoso, self-t a u g h t,
BULL, JOHN, born in Somersetshire, adopting a ilat finger-
England, in board and bridge, and
1563, died at holding his instrument
Antwerp,
in a way quite bis own.
March 12, Paulsen, a Dane, his
1628. Organ- first teacher, could not control the method
ist, pupil of of his pupil, who, at ten years of age, would
William Blithe- play passages which his teacher found too
man, in the difficult. Intended for the clerical profes-
Chapel Royal sion, but failing in his examinations, his
was appointed friends arranged that he should direct the
organist of the Pliilliarmonic and Dramatic Societies (1828).
cathedral at Hereford in 1582, and afterwards In 1831 he went to Paris, where he suffered
master of the children. In 1585 he was ad- many hardships, but experienced the most
340
;
BULOW
exciting of his musical iinpicssioiis in listen- ness that his musical gift declared itself.
ing to Piigiiniui, who afterwards spoke of At the age of nine he began studying the
Ole Bull's technique as masterful, and liis pianoforte under Friedrich Wieck, and,
style and method as original and admirable. two j'ears later, harmony and counterpoint
He belonged to no school, unless the study under M. K. Eberwein. In 1848 he en-
of song in Italy may have helped him to tered the University of Leipsic, to study
know his own powers and limitations. The law, but also continued his studies in
criticism of Joachim, quoted by Bjornson, counterpoint under Hauptmann. In 1849
is worthy of note " No artist in our time
: he left Leipsic to enter the University at
has possessed Ole Bull's poetic power no ; Berlin. He was, at the time, deeply inter-
one has ever surpassed his inlaying of the ested in politics, and contributed to a dem-
adagio." Mozart was the composer he ocratic newsjjaper, "Die Abendjrost." Here
most cared to interj)i-et, but his own com- he began his championship of the new
positions and improvisations best brought German school of music, and of the ideas
out his mastery of the instrument, and were of Wagner and Liszt. In 1850, after hearing
demanded by the public. He had also, a performance of Lohengrin, conducted by
from his long experience and close study, Liszt in Weimar, he determined to abandon
acquired a full knowledge of the construc- the law, and take up music as a profession ;
tion of the violin, and was a judge of rare hitherto he had pursued it only as an ama-
instruments. Years of residence in the teur. He went to Ziirich and placed him-
United States led Ole Bull to call that self under Wagner's guidance. In 18.51 ho
country his "other home." Works: Con- went to Weimar to complete his study of
certo in A (1832) do. in E minor (1841)
; the pianoforte under Liszt. In 1853 he
Quartetto a violino solo (1834) Preghiera made his fii-st concert tour to Vienna, Pesth,
;
d' una madre (1834) Polacca guerriera Dresden, Carlsruhe, Bremen, Hamburg, and
;
(1834) Gruss aus der feme (1841) Sicili- Berlin, meeting with unqualified success
; ;
ano 6 tarantella, Variazioni di bravura, II wherever he appeared. From 1855 to 18G4

Notturno (1843) Agiaco Cubano, Eecuer-
; he was priucij)al teacher of the pianoforte at
dos de la Habaua (1844) Niagara, The Sol- ; Stern and Marx's Conservatorium in Berlin,
itude of the Prairies, David's Psalm (1844) where he organized symphony and chamber
Memory of Washington (184.5) La Verbena ; concerts, contributed political and musical
de San Juan (1847); SaeterbesOg (1848); articles to various papers, and did what he
The Nightingale (1867). Sara C. Bull, Ole could to helj) the propaganda of the new
Memoir (Boston, 1883).
Bull, a school. He also made jDrofessional trips
BtJLOW, HANS (GUIDO), Baron VON, through Germany, the Netherlands, and
born at Dresden, Russia, appearing both as pianist and con-
Jan. 8, 1830, still ductor. In 18G4 he was appointed chief
living, His
1888. conductor at the Royal Ojiera, and director
father, Eduard von of the Conservatorium in Munich. It w'as
Biilow, was cham- here that he conducted the first perform-
berlain to the ances of Wagner's Tristan and Die Meister-
Prince of Anhalt- singer. His labors in reorganizing the Con-
De.ssau, and had servatorium, added to domestic troubles,
some reputation as at last so affected his health that in 1809
a litterateur. The he retired to Florence, where he lived for
j'oving Hans showed several years. In 1873 he made a visit to
at first neither taste nor talent for music, Loudon, and in 1875-76 a tour through the
and it was only after a long and severe ill- United States. Since that time he has held
241
;
:
BITNDESLEID
German
positions as conductor in several BUNDESLIED (Song of Federation),
notably in Hamburg, Hanover, and text from Goethe, for two soli, chorus, two
cities,
Meiningeu. His concert tours witli the clarinets, two horns, and two bassoons, by
Meiuiugeu orchestra have been esjjeeially Beethoven, op. 122, composed in 1822.
famous. Billow's fame as pianist, conduct- Published by Schott (Mainz). Sketch in a
or, and musical writer is of the very liigh- sketch-book in Royal Library, Berlin.
est order. His memory is prodigious he ; Thayer, Verzeichuiss, 1-45 Lenz, Krit. Kat-
;
plays and conducts almost everything with- olog", 140.

out notes, and his repertory includes almost BUN(4ERT, AUGUST, born at Miilheim
everything of importance in the literature au der Rulir, Rhenish Prussia, Jlarch l-l,
of the pianoforte and of the orchestra. 1846, still living, 1888. Pianist, pupil of
Since 1870 his open championship of Wag- Hubert Ferdinand Kufferath, then studied
ner's works and doctrines has been less for three year's at the Conservatorium in
noticeable than formerly. Although still a Cologne, and, with interruptions, for four
warm admirer of the Bayreuth master, he years in Paris at the Conservatoire, and
has of late devoted his energies more ex- under Mathias. In 1869 he became musi-
clusively to the classic composer.?, especially cal director atKreuznach, and in 1873 set-
Bach and Beethoven, and has done much tled in Berlin, where he studied counter-
to further the Brahms propaganda. As a point and fugue under Kiel. Works Die :
composer he never acquired much distinc- Studenteu von Salamanca, comic opera,
tion, but his musical influence has alwaj'S given at Leipsic, 1884 Overture to Tasso
; ;
been ver^y great. His original composi- Hohes Lied der Liebe, with orchestra Pi- ;
tions, as far they have been published, are anoforte quartet, op. 18 Pianoforte pieces,
: ;
Marche heroique, op. 3 Innocence, Album- songs, and male choruses. Mendel, Ergiinz.,
;
blatt for juanoforte Die Entsagende, Lie- 50 Riemanu.
; ;
dercyclus, for voice and pianoforte, op. 8 BUNNETT, EDWARD, born at Ship-
;
Music to Shakesjjeare's JHliu.s Csesar, op. ham, Norfolk, Eng-

10 Des Sanger's Fluch, ballade for orches-
; land, June 26, 1834,
tra, op. 16 Ninvana, symphonisches Stim-
; still living, 1888. Or-
mungsbild, op. 20 II Carnovale di Milano,
; ganist, pupil of Dr.
short dance-pieces for pianoforte, op. 21 Zechariali Buck at
Norwich Cathedral,
of which he was a
chorister in 1842, and
assistant organist in
1855-77. He became
Vier Charakterstucke fiir Orchester, op. 23 ;
organist of St. Peter's
Two Romances for mezzo-soprano and pi- Church in 1877, and organist to the cor-
anoforte, op. 26. Among his pianoforte poration of Norwich in 1880. Mus. Bac,
transcriptions the following are noteworthy Cambridge, 1856 ; Mus. Doc, do., 1869.
The pianoforte score of Wagner's Tristan Works : Song of Praise, 1869 ; Rhineland,
und Isolde ; the Vorspiel to Die Meister- cantata for soprano solo, chorus, and or-
j
singer ; Berlioz's overtures to Le composed for Mile Tietjens, Nor-

Corsaire, chestra,
and Benvenuto Cellini. wich Festival, 1872 Lora, cantata, text by
His instructive edi- I
;
tions of many pianoforte classics, notably W. W. Turnbull, 1876 Magnifieat, Nunc ;
of Beethoven's pianoforte works, beginning dimittis, Cautate Domino, and Deus mi.se-
with opus 53, are universally recognized reatur, 1860 Te Deum in G Te Deum in ; ;
models. P Benedictus and Jubilate in F ; Volume

1
;
343
BUNTE
of Chants, Kyries, Anthems, etc., 18(55 ;
Of- BUONDELiSIONTE. See Maria Stuarda.
fice of theHoly Commuuiou iu E, 1883 ;
BUONOMO, ALFONSO, born at Naples,
Anthems Songs Sonata for violin and pi- Aug. 12, 1829, still living, 1888. Dramatic
; ;
anoforte, 1873 Trio for pianoforte, violin, composer, pupil at the Conservatorio, Na-
;
and violoncello, 1873 Pianoforte music, etc. ples, of Achille Pistilli iu solfeggio, of Gio-
;
BUNTE BLATTER (Variegated Leaves), vanni Donadio on the pianoforte, then of

Siri on the
li pieces for pianoforte, by Robert Schu- Giuseppe Polidoro and of Luigi
mann, op. 99, composed in 1836-49 dedi- pianoforte,
;
of Pietro Casella in harmony, and
published RatYaele Polidoro and Alessandro Busti in
cated to Miss Mary Potts. First of
edition Having lost his voice, he studied
by F. W. Arnold (Elberfeld, 1852) sin"in"'.
;
by Breitkopf & Hartel, Schumann's Werke, composition under Giuseppe Lillo.

Works :
Series VIL, vol. vi., No. 33. Cicco e Cola, given at Naples, Teatro Nuovo,
BUNTE REfflE (VariegatedSeries), 24 1857 L' ultima Domenica di Carnovale, ib.,
;
pieces for violin by Ferdinand David, tran- 1859 Moualora di Chiaja, ib., 1862 Osti
; ;
scribed for pianoforte by Liszt. e nou Osti, ib., Teatro Bellini, 1865 Le ;
BUONA FIGLIUOLA, LA (The Good Follie amorose, ib., 1865 Tizio, Cajo e ;
Daughter), ossia La Ceccliina, Italian opera Sempronio, ib., Teatro de la Fcnice, 1867 ;
buffa, text by Goldoni, music by Piccinui, II :\Iarito Teatro Rossini, 1871

geloso, ib., ;
first represented in Rome, 1760 and iu ; Una Giornata a Napoli, ib., Teatro Nuovo,
Paris, at the Academie Royale de Musique, 1871 Le due Maschere Bi-Ba-Bu. Fetis,
; ;
as La bonne lille, Dec. 7, 1778. The li- Supplement, i. 133.

bretto is an adaptation of Goldoni's drama BUONONCINL See Bononcini.
of ' Pamela," which is founded on Richard- BURALI-FORTI, COSIMO, Italian com-
son's romance of the same title. One of the poser, contemporary. He is author of :
Pic-
most popular buft'a carda Donati, opera, given at Arezzo, Oct.

operas ever written, it
held the stage throughout Europe for many 31, 1874 La Marchesella, opera
buft'a, ib.,
;
Iu Rome it was played in all the Dec. 24, 1876 Le teste di Gesso, opera
years. ;
theatres, great and small, the fashions were bufta, ib., April 19, 1877 Carmela, opera ;
"alia Cecchina," and inns, shops, coiffures, seria, ib., March 17, 1880.
wines, etc., were named after her. Pro- BURBURE DE WESEMBECK, LfiON
duced in Paris during the heat of the quar- (PHILIPPE MARIE), Chevalier DE, born
rel between the Gluckists and Piccinnists, at Termonde, East Flanders,
Aug. 16, 1812,
it a brilliant success, in spite of still living, 1888.
met with Distinguished musical
the sarcasms of the former. It is said to amateur, studied the violoncello at Ghent
have been written in eighteen days. The under de Vigne, who was a pupil of Bau-
opera was revived iu London in 1814:, for diot. He founded at the University of
the benefit of Madame repre- Ghent, a musical society. La Lyre Acade-
Catalani, who
sented Pamela with great success.
Ho- mique, where many of his works were given ;
garth, Memoirs, ii. 134 Desnoiresterres,;was a president of the societies of Sainte-

Gluck et Piccinni, 173 Giuguene, Notice Cccile, Amour des Arts, Les Chceurs, and
;
N. Piccinni, 10. all of which he

"chos de la Denche, for
sur . . .
BUONA FIGLIUOLA MARITATA, LA wrote many choruses, and was the winner
(The Good Daughter Married), text by Gol- of the 1st prize given by the Society des
represented des Sciences, des Lettres, of Hainault,
doni, music by Piccinni, first Arts,
and the Acadt'niie Roy- in 1840, for his overture of Charles-Quint.
at Naples, 1765, at
ale de Musique, Paris, April 15, 1779. The The town of Termonde made him member
libretto, a sequel to La buona figliuola, deals of the Council of the Church
of Notre Dame
Good Daughter's married iu 1842, when he became interested in the

with The life.
243
ErRCK
work of classifying and recording the arum, Te Deum laudamus, etc., mit 4 Stim-
chives of that collegium. He was invited men (1569) XX geistliche Odeu auf Villa-
;
by other towns to undertake the same work nellen Art gesetz, 1st part (Erfurt, 1572)
i
;
for them, and in the coiu'se of it, particularly Idem, 2d part (Miilhausen, 1578) Sacrae ;
while at Antwerp (1846-53j, he made valu- cantiones plane novse ex vet. et novo Testa-
able additions to the musical history of the mento a 4 vocum (Nuremberg, 1573) Odie ;
Netherlands. He was made administrator sacriB Ludovici Hemboldi Mulhusini suavi-

of the Academie des Beaux Arts at Antwerp bus harmoniis ad imit. italicaruin villaue-
in 1858, and of the Roj-al Academy of Bel- siarum, uusquam in Germania linguii' latinse
gium iu 18C2. His compositions are very nu- antea accommodatarum (Miilhausen) Heb- ;
merous, as he wi'ote for all the principal mu- domas div. instituta sacris odis celebrata,
sical societies of Belgium. They consist of lectionumque scholasticarum intervallis, etc.
choruses with and without accomjjaniment, (Miilhausen, 1560). Futis Gerber Men- ; ;
romances, melodies, and Lieder, of which del Winterfeld, Der evang. Kirchengesang,
;
fifty-six were published in Belgium and i. 397.

Germany iu 1834-50. Church music Te BUEGEL, CONSTANTIN, born at Lie-
:
Deum Stabat Mater Litanies to the Vir- bau, Silesia, June 24, 1837, still living,
; ;
gin Ave Maria Tantum ergo.

; ; Orchestral 1888. Instrumental composer, pupil of
nuisic : Overtures to Jacques d'Arteville, Brosig at Breslau and of Kiel iu Berlin,
Quentiu Matsys, Godefroi de Bouillon, Da- where he afterwards taught the iîanoforte
vid Teniers, etc. Choruses and cantatas at Kullak's Academy (1869-70). He is liv-
:
The Pirate's Song, De Stag by Doggersbook, ing there now as teacher and composer.
Lindanus, with accompaniment Les mau- Works Two sonatas for pianoforte So-
; : ;
vais gar<,'ons, Art, Patrie et Dieu, Belgie, nata for violin Suite and variations for pi-
;
Flaudre au Lion, Hymue a Sainte-Cecile, anoforte Fantasiestiicke for do.; Quintet ;
etc., without accomp)auiment. He is the au- for do., and stringed instruments Overture ;
thor of "Aperyu sur I'ancienne corporation to Sappho Symphonic march, etc.

: ; Mendel.
des musiciens instrumeutistes d'Anvers" BLTIGIO DI VILL.4.FI0EITA, Italian
(18G2) " Recherches sur les factures des composer, contemporary.
; He is author of
clavecins et des luthiers d'Anvers depuis le II Paria, Italian opera, represented at the Te-
IGe jusqu'au 19e siecle " (Brussels, 1863) atro Pergola, Florence, March, 1872 Jolan-
; ;
"Notice sur Ian Van Ockeghem," in Flem- da, opera seria, text by Interdonato, Teatro
ish (185G), and "Catalogue historique du Grande, Brescia, Feb. 20, 1879 Le notti ;

Musce d'Anvers." Fctis do., Supj)lcment, romane, opera seria, Adria, Aug. 29, 1880.
;
i. I3i Mendel.
; bueg:mullee, (johann) fried-
BUECK, JOACHIM VON, born near rich (FRANZ), boru iu Eatisbon in 180G,
Magdeburg, second half of the IGth century. died at Beaulieu, France, Feb. 13, 1874. Pi-
Organist, cantor at Miilhausen, and one of anist, son and pupil of August Friedrich
the fifty-three judges cliosen for the recep- Burgmiiller (1760-1824). He went to Paris in
tion of the organ at Groningen, iu 1596. 1832, and became a noted teacher, and com-
"Works Passion Christi, nach dcm 4 Evan- poser of popular pianoforte nuisic. Works
: :
geslisten auf dem teutschen Text, etc. (Er- La Peri, ballet (1843) one act of Lady ;
furt, 1550 and 1557, Wittenberg, 1568) Henriette, ballet (with Flotow and Del-
;
Harmonise sacra; tam viva voce, quam in- devez as collaborators) the motif for a ;
Adolphe Adam's Giselle, ballet,

struinentis musiois cantatu jucunda^ (Nu- valse for
remberg, 15GG) IV Decades senteutiosorum which became famous as La Valse de Gi-
;
versuum (15G7) Cantiones sacra- 4 vocum selle.

; His compositions for pianoforte
(Miilhausen) Symbolum aijostolicum Nic;c- number nearly one hundred, composetl of
;
i4i
;
BURGMULLER
fautaisics, caprices, rondos, etc. Frtis ; do., 4 suites for do. (1777) Harmonietten oder ;
Supplriiieut, i. 134. Alendel. Stiicke fiir Khivier (17!)3) 5 collections ;
BURGMULLER, NORBERT, songs (17G()-87)

boru Winter-Uberlistung
iu of ;
Dusseldorf, Feb. 8, 1810, died iu Aix-la- oder deutsche National Lieder, 3 books of
Cbapelle, May 7, 1836. His father was Mu- songs (1794) Lenzgefiihle, do. (1794) Die ; ;
sik-Director at Diisseldorf, and one of the Jahreszeiten, do. (1795) ; G

(1794) do. ;
founders of tbe Lower Rhine Festivals. Liederbuch fiir das Jahr 1787, etc. Fctis ;
Norbert's musical education was begun at Mendel.

home, and continued under Spohr and BURNEY, CHARLES, born in Shrews-
Haujitmann at Cassel. He was of a weak bury, England, April
constitution, and died before he had reached 7, 1726, died at Chel-
his full development, leaving an overture sea, April 12, 1814.
and parts of two sj'mphonies, one of which He was educated at
was completed by Schumann, who was his the free school,
warm admirer. There is little doubt that, Shrewsbury, and at
had he lived, he would have risen to a very the public school,
high rank as a composer. Besides these Chester, where he
works, a pianoforte concerto and some fugi- studied music imder
tive pieces have been published by Kistner. Baker, organist of
Schumann, Ges. Mus. and the cathedral later he was a pupil of his
Sclir., iii. 145 ; ;
Musicians, i. 172 ; posthumous elder brother James Burney, organist of St.

Burgiuiiller's
compositions, Leipsio Signale, July 7, 18G4. Mary's, Shrewsbury, and in 1744-47 of Dr.
BURGSCHAFT, DIE (The Security), Ger- Thomas Augustine Arne, in London. In
man opera in three acts, test by an unknown 1749 he became organist of St. Diouis-Back-
writer after Schiller's ballad of the same cliurch, Loudon, and harpsichord player
name, music by Franz Schubert, uutiuished. at the subscription concerts, Cornhill. He
Schubert wrote fifteen numbers, including was organist of Lynn Regis, Norfolk, 1751-
the first two acts and one air and chorus 60, returned to London in the latter year,
in the third act. The :MS., dated May 2, received the degree of Mus. Doc. fi"om Ox-
181G, is in Herr Dumba's possession, and no ford in 1769, travelled in France and Italy
part of it has been jirinted. Same subject in 1770-71, and in Germany and the Nether-
treated by Blumenroder, Germany, 1824 lands in 1772, and on his return to London
;
by Franz Lachner, text by von Biedeufeld, was elected a fellow of the Royal Society
Pesth, 1828 by Lindpaintuer, same text, iu 1773. Dr. Burney published, on his
;
Stuttgart, Sept. 28, 1834 by G. Hellmes- return from the Continent, "The Present
;
berger, Hanover, 1848.

Hellborn (Cole- State of Music in France and Italy " (Lon-
ridge), i. 02 Grove, iii. 32G.
;
don, 8vo, 1771) and " The Present State ;
BURMANN, GOTTLOB WILHEL:\r, of ]Music in German}', the Netherlands, and

born at Laubaii, Silesia, May 18, 1737, died United Provinces" (ib., 2 vols. 8vo, 1773).
in Berlin, Jan. 5, 1805. Pianist and organ- But he is best known by his " General His-
ist of great facility, the more remarkable tory of from the Earliest Ages to
Music,
because on one hand he had no ring-finger, the Present Period " (London, 4 vols. 4to,
and another finger was lame. He lived in 1776-89). He was the author also of
Berlin in very narrow circumstances, for " Memoirs of the Life and Writings of
the last ten years of his existence, paralyzed the Abbate Metastasio " (ib., 3 vols. 8vo,
on one side. He was also a talented poet, ! 1796), and of other works. In 1789 Dr.
and wrote the words to most of his songs. I
Burney was appointed organist of Chelsea
Works : Sis pieces for pianoforte (1771!) College, where he spent the remainder of
34S
:
BFROXI
liis life, enjoying the intimate acqiiaint;mce Dramatic composer, pupil of Colin de Bla-
of almost every eontempoi-ary noted in mont when only nineteen he became ac- ;
literature auJ iu art. Of liis eight chil- companist of the royal chamber music, iu
dren, the second daughter was Mme d'Ar- 1744 maitre de musique, and in 1751 sur-
blay the novelist another daughter, Sarah; intendant. Works Les caracteres de la :
Harriet, was also a novelist James, the ; fohe, ballet, given in 1743 La nymphe de ;
eldest son, became a rear-admiral and aula Seine, divertissement ; Les bergers de
thor ; and Charles, an eminent classical Sceaux, do. ; La Parque vaincue, do. ; Jupi-
scholar, critic, and bibliographer. Dr. ter vaiuqueur des Titans, opera (with Bla-
Burney's musical compositions were as fol- mont), 1745 ; Titan et I'Aurore, ballet, 1750 ;
lows Music for Mallet's Alfred, Mendez's

: Hylas et 1762 Palmire, do.,
Zelie, do., ;
Robin Hood, and Queen Mab, Drury Lane, Fontainebleau, 1765 Zenis et Almasie, do., ;
1750 The Cunning Man, test and music

; ib., 1766 La prise de Berg-oji-Zoom, can-
;
adapted from Rousseau's Deviu du Village, tata ;De Profundis, motet for full chorus.
Drury Lane, 1766 2 sonatas for two vio- ; Fctis; Mendel.
lins and bass, 1765 Anthem, with over- ; BUSBY, THOMAS, born iu Westminster
ture, solos, and choruses, Oxford, 1769 6 ; in 1755, died in Islington, May 28, 1838.
cornet-pieces with introduction and fugue Organist, j)upil of Battishill in 1769-74.
for organ 12 canzonette a due voci in
; He was organist successively at St. Mary's,
canone, after Metastasio 6 duets for Ger- ; Newiugton, and Mary Woolnoth, at St.
man ilutes ; 6 concertos for violin, etc., Lombard Street. Mus. Doc, Cambridge,
iu eight parts ; 2 sonatas for pianoforte, 1800. Works The Prophecy, oratorio,
:
violin, and violoncello 6 harjjsichord les- ; 1799 Ode, British Genius (by Gray) Ode
; ;
sons Anthems Glees, instrumental music,

; ; to St. Cecilia's Day (by Pope) Comala, dra- ;
etc. Madame d'Ai'blaj', Memoirs of Dr. matic romance (from Ossian), 1800 Thanks- ;
Burney (3 vols., London, 1832) Grove. giving Ode (degree exercise), 1800
; Music ;
BURONI (Boroui), ANTONIO, born in to Joanna (drama by R. Cumberland), 1800 ;
Rome in 1738, died there in 1797. Dra- Music to A Tale of Mystery (by J. Holcroft),
matic comjjoser, j)upil of Padre Martini at 1802) Music to Rugautino, or The Bravo ;
Bologna, and of Abos at the Conservatorio of Venice (by M. G. Lewis), 1805 Music to ;
della Fieta, Naples went in 1765 to Prague, The Fair Fugitives (by Porter)
; Sonatas, ;
and in 1766 to Dresden, where he became anthems, glees, etc. He was the author
musical director of the Italian opera. In also of "A Dictionary of Music " (London,
1770 he was made Hof-Kapellmeister at 1786), " A Grammar of Music " (ib., 1818, 2d
Stuttgart, and in 1778 returned to Italy, ed., 1826), " A General History of Music " (2
living alternately iu Venice, Rome, and vols., ib., 1819), and other works. Grove ;
Naples, until 1785, when he became maes- Fetis Brown Lai'ousse Mendel. ; ; ;
tro di cappella at St. Peter's, Rome. Works BUSNOIS, ANTOINE (Antonius de

L' amore in nuisica, given in Venice about Busne written also, Busnoys, Busnoi.', Bu- ;
1760 Alessandro in Armenia, ib., 1762

; gnoy.s, Bugniois, Busna, and Bufua), born (?), ;
Sofonisba, ib., 1764 Le villegiatrici ridi- died in 1480. His birthplace is not known.
;
cole, ib., 1764: Siroe, Prague, 1765

; La He was a singer in the chapel of Charles the
;
Moda, Dresden, 1769 II Caruovale, Le or- Bold of Burgundy from 1467, and after-
;
fane suizzere, ib., 1769 Ricimero, Stuttgart, wards, 1477, dean of the town of Furnes.
;
1773 La donna instabile, Artaserse, ib., Busnois was one of the greatest composers
;
1776 Eumeue, ib., 1778. Fetis Mendel. of his day

; he may be reckoned with
; ;
BURY, BERNARD DE, born at Ver- Faugues and a few others as belonging to
sailles, Aug. 20, 1720, died about 1790. the short transition period between the first
346
liUSSCllOl'
and second Flemish schools. He was a bat Le Depart des nu'nestrels La Chasse ; ;
generation younger than Diifay and Bin- au cerf Le Ghteur national La Vision ; ;
chois, and was a contemporary of Okeghem.

fantastique Le Cn'pviscule du matin ; ;
Tinctoria dedicated his book, " De natiua Bruges, etc. Symphonies, overtures, mo- ;
et proprietate tonorum " (1470), to Busnois tets, etc. Fc'tis ; Itiemann.
and Okeghem together. Of Busnois's com- BUSS L"XD REU, aria in F-sharp minor
positions but little is preserved Mass Ecce

:
for the alto ofCoro I, with aeeonipaniment
aucilla for 4 voices (his masterpiece) Two ;
of two flutes and contiuuo, in Johann Se-
Regina coeli, an arrangement of the sequence bastian Bach's frt.s.'îon uach Matthiius.
Victimfe paschala-, a Christmas song Noul,

BUSTILLO-ITURli.VLDE, CESAREO,
born at Valladolid, Spain, Feb. 1807,
Noiil, a Magniticat sexti toni, and several
2.5,
motets, all for i voices, and motet Anima still Church composer, pupil
living, 1888.
mea and Magnificat primi toni, both for 3 of Fernando Haikens and Angel Martin-
voices, in the Several chique, and, after an interval of four years
Brussels Library.
masses (among them one on L'Homme ar- (1824-28), during which he served iu the
Codex in the archives of the army, of Soriano Fuortes the elder. In

me) are in 14,
Pontifical Chapel iu Rome. The Maglia- 1832 he became maestro de capilla of the
j
becchiaua in Florence has 14 songs in a cathedral at Toledo, for which he

wrote
codex of the Fund. Strozzi (No. 53, xix., many masses, vespers, litanies, responses,
No. 15G). The Paris Library has two songs motets, canticles, psalms, etc. Most of his
for 3 voices Je suis veuu vers mon ami,

:
compositions are for two choruses and full
and Chi dist en pudicite, madame. The orchestra. Fetis, Supplement, i. 135.
Codex 295 of Dijon has 17 songs for 3 BUTERA, ANDREA, born iu Sicily about
voices, and two for 2 voices. Two songs, 1826, still living, 1888?. Dramatic com-
Conservatorio
Dieu, quel mariage, and Maintes fenimes, poser, pupil of Ruggi at the
are in the " Canti centocinquanta" (Venice, of Palermo. Works Angelica Veniero, :
Petrucei, 1503).
Ambros, ii. 463. opera, given at Naples, Teatro del Fondo,
BUSSCHOP, JULES (.\UGUSTE GUIL- 1846 ; Atala, do., Palermo, 1851. Fetis.
LAUME), born iu Paris, Sept. 10, 1810, BUT, OH SAD VIRGIN, THAT THE !
still Composer, entirely self-

living, 1888. POW'R, soprano air in E major, in Handel's
taught by studying the theoretical works of h' Allegro, il Peuseroso, ed il Moderato, Part
Albrechtsberger and Reicha at Bruges, n.
whither his parents bad returned in 1816. BUT SOONER JORDAN'S STREAM,
His patriotic cantata, Le drapeau beige, re- tenor air iu C minor of Jonathan, in Han-
ceived the first prize in 1834. Orders of del's *(//, Part IL
Leopold and of the Oaken Crown. Works : BUT THE LORD IS MINDFUL OF
Six religious songs for 1-4 voices and or- HIS OWN. See Dock der Herr.
gan Ave jVIaria and Tantum ergo, for 3- or 4-
;
BUT THOU DIDST NOT LE.WE, air
part chorus, and orchestra or organ Three ; in A major in Handel's 3Ief;siah, Part II.
religious pieces with or without organ Ave ;

BUT WHO 5IAY ABIDE, bass air iu
verum Corpus Ecce panis Augelorum O D minor, in Handel's Ifessiah, Part I.

; ;
Sacrum Couvivium, choruses for 2 tenors BUTTSTEDT, HEINRICH, JOHANN

and bass, with organ. Choruses with and born at Biudersleben, near Erfurt, April 25,
without orchestra L'fitendard de la patrie 1666, died in Erfurt, Dec. 1, 1727.
: ;
Organ-
Le Chant de Montagnards La Fete ba- ; ist,pupil of Johaun Pachelbel for organ,
chique La Priere des Conobites Le Re-
; ;
harpsichord, and composition. He was or-
veil des pfitres Le Charmes de la valse
; ;
ganist of the i>rincipal church at Erfurt in
L'Hymne de la unit La ilarche au corn-
; 1691. Works : Three canticles AUein Gott
347

BTTUS
ill tier Hijh sej- Ehr (1705), Wo flott zum in Elsinore. Under whom Dietrich stud-
Haus uicbt giebt seine Guust (1706), and ied is not known in April, 1668, he was
;
Zeucli micli dir nacb, so lauffeu wir (1719) ;

made organist at the Marienkirche, Liibeck,
Musikaliselie Kunst- iind Vorratbskammer and bis reputation grew rapidly. In 1673
(1713) ; Four masses, in Opera prima sacra be instituted the " Abendmusiken " for
(1720) ; Ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la, tota musica et which Liibeck was famous all over Ger-
harmonia teterna, etc. (Erfurt, without date, many even down to the 19th century.
probably 171G). This was written to refute These were musical services consisting of
Mattheson's Das ueu erijfifnete Orchester. concerted pieces for chorus and orchestra,
Allgem. d. Biogr., iii. 662 Fctis Gerber ; ; ;
and organ music, given between four
Mendel ; Schilling. and five o'clock p.m. on the five Sundays
BUXJS, JACQUES (Jachet) DE, born in before Christmas. It was to bear these
the Netherlands, beginning of the 16th cen- performances that J. S. Bach walked fifty
tury. He established a printing office es- miles from Arnstadt to Liibeck in 1705.
pecially devoted to music iu Venice, where Buxtehude was one of the most famous
he was known as lachet or Giachetto Fla- organists and composers of his day his ;
mingo. In 1 54rl he was elected organist of greatest strength laj' in pure instrumental
the second organ of S. Marco, Venice, but not composition, that is, in the fugued and suite
being adequately paid, he demanded leave forms in the treatment of the chorale he
;
of absence and went to Vienna, where he was surpassed by Pacbelbel and his school.
accepted a post under the Emjieror. The But he was the centre of musical activity in
Venetians tried every device to make him North German}^, and as an organist may
return, the ambassador at the court of Vi- be considered the immediate forerunner of
enna being instructed to hold out all kinds Sebastian Bach. Much of bis music has
of inducements, but de Buus remained in been lost. Tlie following is a list of his
Vienna. He is sometimes confounded witli published works Unterschiedlicbe Hoch- :
Jacqvies Berchem, then in the service of the zeit-Arien (Liibeck, 1672, folio) Fried- und ;
Duke of Mantua. Works Eicercari da Freudenreiche Hinfahrt des alten Simeons,

:
cantare e suonare d'organo e alti stromenti, in zwey Contrapuncten musikalisch abge-

lib. i. (1547), lib. ii. (Venice, 1519) Can- sungen, composed on his father's death,
;
zone francesi a sei voci (Venezia, appresso Jan. 22, 1674 (Liibeck, folio, 1674) Abend- ;
I'autore, 1513) Primolib. di motetti (1549)

; Musik in ix. Theilen (Liibeck, 4to, 1678-
;
Canzone francesi a 5 (1550). Other works 1687) VII Sonate a doi, Violino & Viola di ;
bearing the name of lachet in the Italian gamba, con cembalo (ib., folio, 1696) Hoeh- ;
collections of 1538 to 1545, and in Attaig- zeit des Lamnies (ib. 1681) Anonymi bun- ;
uant's collections of 1534 and 1535, may be dert jiUiriges Gedicbte vor die Wolfahrt der
his or lachet Berchem's, as the signature of Stadt Liibeck ; am 1 Jan. dea Jubeljabres
both was the same. In the 4th book of 1700, in S. Marieiddrebe musikalisch vor-
motets, published in full by lacques Moderue gestellet (Liibeck, folio, 1700) ; Castrum do-
at Lyons, in 1539, some motets are given dem verstorbenen Keyser Leopoldo
loris
under the name of Jachet, others under that und Templum honoris dem regierenden
of Jacques Buus, showing that iu France Keyser Josepho I, in zwey Musicken, in
Jachet was used specially for Berchem. der Marienkirche zu Liibeck, gewidmet
Ft'tis; Schilling. (ib., folio, 1705) ; Himmlisehe Seelenlust
BUXTEHUDE, DIETRICH, born in El- auf Erden iiber die Menschwerdung und
sinore, Denmark, in Geburt unsers Heylandes Jesu Christi (an-
1637, died in Liibeck,
May 9, 1707. His father, Johann Buxte- nounced in the Loipsic Catalogue for the
bude, was organist at the St. Olai Church spring of 1684) Das Allerschrocklichbte ;
448
:
BUZZI
und AllerfrcTilicliste, uemlicli das Eiide der ib. ; La iûta onorata ; Masses, requiem,
Zeit, und der Aufang der Ewiykeit, Ge- cantatas, ariette veneziaue, etc. Fetis, Sup-
sprilchsweise vorgestellet (id., ib.). lu later plement, i. 136 ; Mendel ; Riemaun.
times 14 ChoralBearbeitungen were edited BYRD (Byrde, Bird), WILLIA3I, born
by DeLu (Leipsic, Peters). Separate pieces iu London about 1538, died there, July 4,
are 2)ublisbed iu Commer's " Musica Sacra,"' 1623. He is sujiposed to have been the son
i. No. 8 ; G. W. Kiiruer ; Busbj-'s " Hist, of of Thomas Byrd, a gentleman of the chapel
" "Kunst des
Music ; A. G. Eitter's Orgel- of Edward VI. He studied under Tallis,
spiels." Spitta,
Jobanu Sebastian Bacb, i. and was senior chorister at St. Paul's in
2.52-308 Mathesou, Yollkoraniener Kajiell- 1554 in 1563-C9 he was organist of Lin-
; ;
meister, 130. coln, after which he succeeded Robert Par-

BUZZI, ANTONIO, born in Rome about sons as gentleman of the Chapel Royal. In
the early part of this century. Dramatic 1575 he received the comjilimentary title of
composer, known since 18-40 by the follow- organist. Byrd was, without doubt, one of
ing works Bianea Ca2:)ello, given in Rome, the greatest musicians of his time his har-
:
;
1842 SaiU, Ferrara, 1843

; II convito di mony is pure and correct, his voice-leading
;
Baldassare, Milan, Scala, 1853 Ermingar- graceful, and he is noticeable beyond most
;
da, Trieste, Teatro Grande, 1855 Editta, of the composers of his day by the frequency
;
Venice, Teatro della Fenice, 1855 Gusmano with which he emploj's tonal responses (in-
;
di Medina, Rome L' indoviua, Piacenza, stead of real) iu imitative and fugual forms
;
1862 La lega lombarda, Spain I due Cia- of composition. Ho was probably the first
; ;
battiui, operetta, Turin, 18G7; Several ballets.Englishman who wrote in the form of the
Fetis ; do.. Mendel. madrigal. He was intimate with the elder
Supplement, i. 135 ;
BUZZING, OTTAVIO, Italian composer, Ferrabosco, and a friendly rivalry existed

contemijorary. He is the author of L' orfan- betweeu the two men. The canon "Non
ella di' Gaud, comic opera, represented at the nobis, Domiue," so familiar iu England, has
Teatro Aliprandi, Modena, March 13, 1880. been ascribed to Byrd by tradition, but it
BUZZOLA, ANTONIO, born at Adria iu has not been discovered among his known
1815, died in Venice, March 20, 1871. works. A poem iu Blow's " Amphiou An-
Dramatic composer, pupil of his father, who glicus " mentions " Bird's Anthem iu
was maestro di cappella and organist of the golden notes," preserved in the Vatican ;
cathedral at Adria, and who sent him after- the canon in question maj* jjossibly be jiart
wards to Venice to perfect himself. He of it. Besides being famous as a composer,
jjlayed there first violin, then the flute, in Byrd was probably the greatest English
the orchestra of the Teatro Fenice, brought organist of his day. Published works
out his first o2:)era, and in 1837 went to Na- Three masses for 3, 4, and 5 voices respec-
ples to study for two years under Donizetti, tively, probably composed betweeu 1553
returned to Venice, where he brought out and 1558, but published without date or
two more operas, then visited Germany, name of printer Cantiones qu;ie ab argu-
;
Poland, a jjart of Russia, and Paris, and re- mento sacree vocantur quiuque et sex par-
tui-ued to Venice in 184G. In 1843-44 he tium (London, 1575 the volume contains ;
conducted the ItaUan opera at Berlin, and also motets by Tallis) Psalms, Sonets and ;
in 1855 succeeded Perotti as maestro di Songs of Sadnes and Pietie, made into
cappella at San Marco, Venice. Works : niusicke of five parts (ib., 1587) Songs ;
Paramondo, given in Venice, Teatro Gallo, of Sundrie Natures, some of Gravitie and
183(5: II mastino, ib., 1840; Gli avventu- others of Myrth, for 3, 4, 5, and 6 voices
rieri, ib., Teatro Fenice, 1841 Anileto, ib., ; (ib., 1589) Liber Primus Sacrarum Can-
;
1847 Elisabetta di Valois (Don Carlos),

; tionum quinque vocum (ib., 1589) Liber ;
249
;
CABALLERO
Secundus Sn,c. Cant., etc. (ib., 15!)!) ; Gra- atrevido en la corte, 1872 ; La revista del
dualia ac cantiones sacrte, qiiarum alia ad diablo Las hijas de fulano ; La clave ; ;
quatuor, alise vero ad quinque et sex voces Luz y sombra El vejo de encaje La gal- ; ;
editae sunt (lib. i., ib., 1G07 lib. ii., ib., lina ciega Las nueve de la noche Entre
; ; ;
1610) Psalms, songs and souets

; some el Alcalde y el Rey, La Marsellesa, El siglo
:
solemne, others joyfull, framed to the que viene, 1876. He composed also reli-
life of the words, fit Supplement, i. 137.
for voyces or violes of gious music. Fetis,
3.4, 5 and 6 parts (ib., 1611). Byrd
born in Naplesalso CABALONE, MICHELE,
contributed to the following works " Mu- in the beginning of the 18th century, died
:
sica Transalpiua, Madrigales translated, of there in 1773. Dramatic composer, known

foure, five and six parts " (London, 1588) as the first teacher of counterjjoint of the
" Watson's First Sett of Italian Madrigalls violinist, Emmanuel Barbella. Works Op-
Englished " (ib., 1590) " Partlienia, or eras Alessaudro nell' ludie, given in Na-
; :
the Maiden-head of the first jNIusick that ples about 1770 Adriano in Siria. The ;
ever was printed for the Virginalls " (ib., library of the Conservatoire of Paris pos-
1600); " Leighton's Teares and Lamenta- sesses the MS. of his oratorio. La Passion.
cions of a Sorrowful Soule," part-songs Fc'tis aieudel, ii. 252. ;
(ib., 1014). Many of his \drginal compo- CABO, FRANCISCO JAVIER, born at
sitions are in the " Virginal Book of Queen Naguera, Valencia, Spain, in 1768, died at
Elisabeth " and in " Lady Nevill's Virginal Valencia in 1832. Organist, first at Santa
Book." Some of his services and anthems Cataliua, then at the Cathedral of Orihuela.
"
are in Barnard's " Selected Church Musick Gifted with an excellent voice, he became
" "
(1641), and Boyce's Cathedral Music ; in 1810 a singer in the Cathedral of Valen-
many others are in MS. in the Aldrich, cia, of which he was made organist in 1816,
Hawkins, and Tredway collections. A mass and maestro de capilla in 1830. His numer-
in D minor and the " Cantiones Sacrse," ous comjjositions consist of masses, motets,
lib. i., are republished by the Musical Anti- vespers, psalms, and other religious music.
quarian Society, the former edited by E. F. Fetis, Supph'ment, i. 138.
Rimbault, and the latter by W. Horsley. CACCINI, GIULIO (culled Giulio Ro-
Grove, i. 286. mano), born in Rome, 1558 or 1560, died in
Florence, 1640. He studied the lute and
singing under Scipione delta Palla, and in
C>ÂBALLERO, (MANUEL) FERNAN- 1578 went to Florence, where he stayed until
. DEZ, born at Murcia, Spain, March his death. In 1579 he was in the service of
^ 1835 still living, 1888. Dram-
14, ; the Medici court, but later he passed into the
atic composer, pupil at the Conservatorio, service of Giovanni Bardi, Count of Vernio.
' - -, Madrid, of Soriano He had made exhaustive studies in counter-
^
Fuertes in harmony, point, and had proved himself a contra-
f6S(iSi ^^
and of Hilarion Eslava puntist of no mean talent and skill, when
f / ^W in composition, for he became inoculated with the reformatory
. '-...JBW V. which he won the first ideas of Bardi, Cor.si, Galilei, and the otlier
prize in 1857. The Florentine music reformers. Grove is un-
following zarzuelas by questionably wrong in saying that he was
him were given at " neither harmonist uor contrapuntist."
Madrid Juan Lanas
: Pietro della Valla mentions his contra-
La jardinera ; El Viz- puntal writings (See G. B. Doni, ii. 251),
conde de Letorieres El cocinero Fras- and before IGOO no one could properly be
; ;
quito, 1867 El primer dia feliz, 1872 El called a harmonist. He entered enthusias-
; ;
850
CADAIIX
tically into the fight against counterpoint, voc, lib. i. 1555) Missre tres, etc.,
(Paris, ;
and to him and Jacopo Peri is due the estab- ad imit. mod ; Ad
placitium Ego sum ;
lishment of the stile rappresentativo, or ex- panis ; Levavi oculos (ib., 1558) Missa ;
pressive (dramatic) style of composition for cum quatuor, etc., ad. imit. mod.
Alma Re- ;
demptoris condita (in a collection of masses

a single voice with instrumental accom-
paniment. His Nuorc Musiche (Florence, published in Paris) Miss;e tres, etc., on ;
1(502) was an epoch-making work. He also Haut Boys (Paris,

the chanson frauyaise, les
worked in the field of opera, setting Kinuc- 1558) and motets found in Quintus liber
;
cini's Euridice entire, and writing other Motettoriim (Lyons, 1543) and also in ;
operas. Grove is again probably wrong in Gardane's xii. Miss;e (Venice, 1554) and ;
saying that he had anything to do with the in a col. Missarum Musicalium (Paris, 1556),
composition of the same poet's Dafae. Cac- Fetis;Chor. etFay.,Biog. desmus., i. 111.
cini, besides being a composer of decided CADI DUPi;, LE (The Duped Cadi),
genius, was a singer of great repute in his opcra-comique in one act, text by Lemon-
day. Works Euridice (Mareseotti, IGOO) uier, music by Monsigny, represented at the
: ;
II RapimenU) di Cefalo (parts of the choruses Theatre de la Foire

Saint-Laurent, Paris,
by Stefano Venturi del Nibbio, Piero Strozzi Feb. 4, 1761. Subject from the "Arabian
and Luca Bati) ; II ComhaltimentoApol- Nights." The success of this work led to
d'
line col Serpente ; Le Naove Musiche (Flor- a friendship between Monsigny and the
poet Sedaine, and to their collaboration in
important operas. It was several more
by Gluck, at the French given, with changes
theatre in Vienna, and afterward, Dec. 1,
1783, at Dobbelin's Theatre, Berlin, in a
ence, Giorgio Mareseotti, 1601, Florentine German translation (Der betrogene Kadi)
style, correctly, 1602). Ambros, iv. 1.59. byAndre, with the music nearly rewritten
'CADAUX, JUSTIN, born at Albi (Tarn), by Gluck. The work was reproduced by
Prance, April 13, 1813, died in Paris, Nov. Fuchs, 1878, at the two hundredth
jubilee
8, 1871:. Dramatic compo.ser, pupil at the of the Hamburg Theatre.

Conservatoire, of Zimmermann on
Paris, CADMUS ET HERmONE, lyric trag-
the pianoforte, and of Dourlen in harmony edy in five acts, and prologue, text by Qui-
;
first represented at
settled at Bordeaux as pianoforte teacher, ault, music by LuUi,
afterward became organist of the Protestant the Academic Royale de Musique,
Paris,
1673. was reproduced nine times,
church in Paris, and in 1866 was made chef April, It
de copie at the Opera, but could not endure always with success, and six editions
of the
strain on his already weakened brain, score were pabUshed (1673 to 1737). At
the
and was finally committed to the asylum of the fifth reproduction, in 1690, the cele-
Picpus. Works Comic operas Axel, given brated Mile Maupin made her d('but in the
:
at Toulouse, 1834 ; La chasse saxoune, ib., character of Pallas.

1839 ;Les deux gentilshommes, Paris, CiESAR, JOHANN MELCHIOR, born
Opera Comique, 18-14: Les deux Jacquet, at Saverne, Alsatia, about the middle of the
;
ib., 1852 Le violon de Cremone

;
Le 17th century, died at Augsburg in 1692.
;
Sicilien. FetisSupplement, i. 138.

; do., Kapellmeister to the bishops of Bamberg
CADEAC, PIEEKE, lived about the and Wiirtzburg in 1683, and at the Cathe-
middle of the 16th century, at Auch, France, dral of Augsburg, in 1687. Works Trisa- :
where he was master of the choristers. gion Musicum, etc., op. 1 (1683) Missa; ;
He wrote principally masses and motets. breves VIII., 4 vocibus et 2 violiuis concer-
Works Moteta quatuor, quinque et sex tautibus ac totidem vocibus et violis, etc.,
: !
CAETANO
op. 2 (1G87) ; Lustige Tafelmusik in VI. II Creso, Turin, 1768 Giwstizia placata,
;
Stiicken luit 60 Baletten, etc. (Wiirtzburg, intermezzo, ib., 1769 Olinipiade, Naples,
;
1684). Petis ; Cbor. et Fay., i. Ill ; Gei- 1769 Antigono, ib.,

;
ber
Schilling, ii. 144. 1770; Oratorio per
r Invenzione della
Croce, ib., 1747 Be- ;
tulia liberata, sacred

drama, ib., about
1778; II Figliuolo
prodigo ravveduto,
oratorio ; H Trionfo
di Davidde, do. ; Or-
atorio per S. Gio-
vanni di Padua Cantata tre voci, Na-
; I
pies, 1764 do., ib., 1766 do. a pill voci,

; ;
ib., 1769-75-81-85; Mass for two choirs
and orchestra (1760) Pastoral motet for 4 ;
and orchestra Litanies for 4 voices

voices ; ;
Stabat Mater for 2 voices and organ Mise- ;
rere for 5 voices and organ Psalms, motets, ;
etc. His air, Bella luce che accendete, -wan

a gi'eat favourite. Fetis ; Burney, iv. 569 ;
Chor. et Fay., i. Ill ; Mendel ; Schilling.
Cadmus
CAFFEE-CANTATE,
short dramatic can-
Hermione. in et Hermione.
comic vein by Johann Sebastian
tata in the
CAETANO, Fra LUIZ DE, bom at Fel- Bach, text by Picander, although it is prob-
gueiras, Portugal, iu 1717, died (?). Monk, able that Bach altered the denouement him-
and chorister monastery at Lisbon. self. Spitta, ii. 471.
of
Work Coroa serafica de puras e fragrantes
: CAFFRO, GIUSEPPE, born in Naples
flores, Y>e\o ardente affecto dos j)adres men- in 1766, died after 1808. Virtuoso on the
ores da provincia de Portugal para com oboe. He was placed in the Royal Chapel
summa melodia ser offerecida emacciio de at Naples, and while still young went to
grajas nos coros Franciscauos e no das mais Paris, where he became known as a success-
religoes sagradas, todas amantea da pureza ful performer at the Concerts Spirituels.
Mai-ianna (Lisbon, 1744).
Futis Vascon- He resided during his life in Holland, Ger-
;
cellos, 32. many, and Italy. Works 3 concertos for :
CAFARO (Caffaro), PASQUALE, called oboe (Pari.s, 1790) 2 concertos for the ;
Caffarelli, born at San Pietro in Galauti- same (Amsterdam, 1794) Pot-pourri for ;
na, near Lecce, Naples, Feb. 8, 1708, died flute and violin, or flute and pianoforte
at Naples, Oct. 28, 1787. Dramatic com- (Rotterdam, 1795). Several of his MSS. are
poser, pupil of Leonardo Leo at tlie Con- in the Conservatoire, Paris. Futis Men- ;
servatorio della Pieta, Naples. He was del Schilling. ;
maestro of the Eoyal Chapel, and sub- CAGLIOSTRO, opera-comique in three

sequently director of the Conservatorio. acts, text by Scribe and Saint-Georges, mu-

Works Operas Ipermnestra, given at Na- sic by Adolphe Adam, represented at the
:
ples, 1751 Antigono, ib., 1754 La Dis- Opora Comique, Paris, Feb. 10, 1844.
; ;
fatta di Dario, ib., 1756 L' Incendia di Scene in 1780, in a salon at Versailles.
;
Troja, ib., 1757 Arianna e Teseo, ib., 1766

; The charlatan, who is already married to an
;
262
;,
CAGNONl
Italian singer who has become prima donna ojiera. Opera Comique, Oct. 11, 1880. Fe-
at Sail Carlo, Naples, wishes to marry a rich tis.Supplement, i. 142.
heiress, but has a rival in a young chevalier, CAHEN, ERNEST, born iu Paris, Aug.
who, at first the victim of his machinations, 18, 1828, still living, 1888. Dramatic com-
finallyunmasks him. Cagliostro, opera by poser and pianist, pupil at the Conserva-
Johann Strauss, was given in Vienna at the toire, where he obtained the first prize in
Theater aii der Wieu, March, 1875. Pub- harmony and accompaniment in 1847, and
lished by Spina. the second grand prix for composition in
CAGNONI, ANTONIO, born at Godiasco 1849. Works : Le Calfat, operetta, given
(Voghera), Italy, Feb. 8, 1853
1828, stiU living, Le souper
at the Folies Nouvelles, ;
1888. Dramatic composer, pupil at the de Mezzetin, do., ib., 1859. Fetis, Supple-
Milan Couservatorio of Ray and of Frasi iu ment, i. 141.
1842-47, when he wrote his first operas, of CAID, LE, opera-bouffe in two acts, in
which he had brought out six up to 1856. verse, text bj' Sauvage, music by Ambroise
At that time he became maestro di cappella Thomas, first represented at the Opera Co-
at Vigevauo, and for several years wrote mique, Paris, Jan. 3, 1849. Subject, the
church music, which ranks among his best adventures of a French barber in Algeria.
efforts. In 18G3 he produced again a dra- With a lively and original overture, melo-
matic work, and has since written about dious airs, and a brilliant finale, this oper-
twenty operas, most of which have met with etta has won a deserved success. Hanslick,
success. Works Rosalia di San Miniato,
: Moderne Oper, 174.
given at jNIilau, Teatro Carcano, 1845 I due ; CMFÂBRI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA,
Savojardi, 1846 Don Bucefalo, ib., Tea-
ib., ; Italian church composer of the second half
tro Re, 1847 II testamento di Figaro, ib.,
; of the 17th century Roman school. Works ; :
1848 Amori e Trappole, Genoa, Teatro

;
Motetti a due e tre voci (Rome, Mascardi,
Carlo Felice, 1850 (partly rewritten and 1667) ; Scelta di Motetti a quattro voci (ib
given in Rome, 1867) La Valle d' Andorra,
; 1675) ; Salmi vesiêrtini a do. per tutte le
Milan, Teatro della Canobbiana, 1851 (re- feste deir anno, op. 4 (ib., 1683). Fetis.
written, and given at Genoa, 1861) Gi- ; CAIGNET, DENIS, born about the mid-
ralda, Milan, Teatro di Santa Radegonda, dle of the 16th century. Musician to the
1852 La fioraja, Turin, Teatro Nazionale,
; Due de Villeroi. He obtained the prize at
1855 La figlia di don Liborio, Genoa,
; the Concours dii Puy de Musique, at Evreux,
Teatro Carlo Felice, 1856 II vecchio della ; in 1587, for a chanson for several voices,
montagna, Milan, Teatro della Scala, 1863 ;
Las je ne voyrrai jjIus. He set to music
!
Michele Perriu, ib., Teatro dell' Accademia the Psalms of David, in 4 parts (Paris, 1607).
de' Filodramatici, 1864 Claudia, ib., Teatro
; Fetis.
della Canobbiana, 1866 La tombola, Rome, ; C.UilO, GIUSEPPE, born in Milan about
Teatro Argentina, 1869 Un capriccio di ; 1540, lived till about 1585. Composer of
Donna, Genoa, Teatro Carlo Felice, 1870 ;
madrigals and canzonets. The titles of his
Pap;\ Martin, Florence, Teatro Nazionale, works which are known are : Madrigali a
1871 ; II Duca di Tapigiiano, Lecco, 1874. cinque, lib. i. (Venice, 1568) ;Madrigali a 5,
Fetis, Supplement, i. 140. 6, 7, and 8 (Milan, 1571) ; Madrigali a quat-
CAHEN, ALBERT, French amateur com- tro, lib. i. (Milan, 1581) Madrigali a cinque,
;
poser, known by the following works

Jean : lib. ii. (1582) ; Canzonette a quattro, lib. i.
le precurseur, biblical drama, performed in (Brescia, 1584) ; others in 1585. Some of
part at the Concert National, Jan. 25, 1874 ;
his madrigals and chansons are in the Col.
Endymion, mythological pastoral, do.. Con- Paradiso Musicale (Antwerp, 1596). Fetis
cert Danbe, Jan. 19, 1875 Le bois, comic ; Gerber ; Schilling.
353

gA
^"A IRA, a French revoliitiouaiy song, made up of selections fi'om the composer's
said to have been suug first when the Pa- own works, Giovanni Carestini, the cele-
risian mob marched to Versailles, Oct. 5, brated artificial contralto, made his first
1789. The words were suggested to Ladre, ap)pearauce in London. Rockstro, Handel,
a street singer, by Lafaj-ette, who remem- 322 Schojlcher, Handel, 161. ;
bered Franklin's favourite saying at each CALDARA, ANTONIO, born in Venice

stage of the American revolution. The in died in Vienna, Dec. 28, 1736.
1678,
melody, composed by one Bocour or Be- Dramatic composer j)upil in Venice of ;
court, was originally a coutre-danse, very Legrenzi. He was for many years a singer
jjopular under the title of Carillon national. in the ducal chapel ofSan Marco, but was
It is said to have been a favourite motive of appointed in 1714 maestro di cajjpella at
Marie Antoinette. This soug, which incited Mantua. In 1718 he went to Vienna and
the rabble to deeds of horror during the bacame Kapellmeister to Charles VI., who
Eeign of Terror, was prohibited by the law was very fond of his music and took lessons
of the 18th Brumaire, 1799, but it gener- of him in composition. He wrote ojieras
ally made its reappearance iu revolutionary and much church music. and oratorios
times. Some of his cantatas on sacred subjects
The tune is given in Grove, I. 297.
CAIUS HIAitlUS, the famous Roman are for one, two, and three voices with
general (b.c. 157-8G), is the hero of the elaborate orchestral accompaniment. His
following operas Cajo Mario, Italian opera,
: church work is hardly equal in quality to
music by Antonio Bioni, Ferrara, 1722 by his fecundity, but some of it is remark- ;
NiccoK) Piccinni, Najiles, 17.57 by Giu-

able for sublimity of style.
; His Crueifixus
seppe Scolari, ]\Iilan, 1763 by Galupjii, for sixteen voices, a chef-d'oeuvre, was pub-
;
Venice, 1764 by Anfossi, Venice, 1769 by lished by Teschner iu 1840. Many of his
\
; ;
Carlo Monza, Venice, 1777 by Cimarosa, church works are iu the court libraries at
;
Rome, 1780 by Bianchi, Naples, 178-4 by

; Vienna and Dresden, others iu the Sautini ;
Bertoni, about 1790 by Giordaui, Venice, ; collection. AVorks Operas and sacred dra-
1790. mas Argene, given in Venice, 1689 Tirsi
Mario, Italian opei'a, music by Jo- :
;
hann David Heiuichen, Dresden, 1719 and (with Lotti and Ariosti), ib., 1696 Le pro-
; ;
by Sanpieri (Coute di San Bouifazio), Bo- messe serbate, II trionfo della coutinenza,
logna, 1869. Mario fuggitivo, Italian opera,
ib., 1697 Farnace, ib., 1703 II selvaggio ; ;
text by Silvio Stampiglia, music by Gio- eroe, ib., 1707 Partenope, Sofonisba, ib., ;
vanni Bononcini, Vienna, 1708 by Fran-

1708 L' iuimico generoso, Bologna, 1709
; ; ;
cesco Mancini, Naples, 1710. Costanza iu amore vince 1' iuganno, ]\Iace-
CAJANI, GIUSEPPE, born in Milan iu rata, 1710 Atenaide, Rome, 1711 Tito e ; ;
1774, died iu Paris iu 1821. Composer of Berenice, ib., 1714 II ricco epulone, Ven- ;
the following ballets, given in Milan Ta- ice, 171.5 II giubilo della salza, Salz-
: ;
vora ed Oliviera La festa campestre, 1797

; burg, 1716 Cajo Mario, Vienna, 1717 ;
;
;
Demetrio I finti filosofi Eugenia e Ro- Coriolano, La verita nell' inganno, ib.,
; ;
dolfo, 1799 II filopemene

; Adelaide ed 1717 La partenza amorosa, Rome, 1717
; ;
;
Alfonso I tre matrimoni, 1805

; Le Da- Astarte, Ifigenia in Aulide, La forza dell'
;
naide Matilda e Radegoudo, 1816

; Ro- amicizia, Vienna, 1718 Lucio Papirio
; ;
milda e Dezavedos I Riti di Milo, 1818.

; dittatore, Sirita, Sisai-a, Tobia, ib., 1719 ;
Fetis. Assalone, ib., 1720 Naaman, ib., 1721 ; ;
CAJO FABRICCIO, Italian pasticcio, mu- Giuseppe, Nitocri, Ormilda, Scipione nelle
sic by Handel, rejsreseuted at Covent Gar- Spagne, ib., 1722 Euristco, ib., 1723 An- ; ;
den Theatre, London, Dec. 4, 1733. In dromacca, Davidde, Giangiur, ib., 1724; La
this work, the muaic of which is entirely Griselda, Le profezie evangeliche, Semira-
S54
; :
CALDARERA
mide, ib., 1725; I duo dittatori, Venceslas, cester in 1864, and l)ecanie organist of St.
Gioas, Battista, ib., 172(! Dou Cbisciotto Stephen's Church, and to the Corporation,
;
alia corte della ducbessa, Imeneo, Orno- and conductor of the musical
and instru-
spade, ib., 1727 Gionata, Mitridate, ib., mental
;
societies of Worcester. He won the
1728 Cajo Fabrizio, Nabot, ib., 1729 La special Glee Prize offered by the Manchester
; ;
Passioue di Gesii Cristo, Vienun, 1730 Glee Society, 1878, and the first prize for
Dauiello, Sauta Elena al Calvario, Demetrio, serious glee, Huddersfield, 1879. Profes-
ib., 1731 L" asilo d' Amore, Sedecia,

;
sor at the Royal College of Music, London, ib.,
1732; Demofooute, ib., 1733; Gerusalem- since 1882 organist and conductor at Al- ;
me couvertita. La clemeuza ib. Mus. Bac, Cambridge,

di Tito, ib., bert Palace,
1734 Adriano in
; Davidde umiliato, 1878. Works: The Widow of Nain, can-
Siria,
Enone, San Pietro in Cesarea, Ge.sti pi-esen- tata, Worcester Festival, 1881 A Rhine Le- ;
tato uel tempio, Le grazie \indicate, ib. gend, do. for women's voices, 1883 Queen ;
1735 L' ;
Olimpiade, Achille in Sciro, Giro of May, cantata Treasure Trove, A Moss- ;
riconosciuto, Temistocle, ib., 1736 L' in- Rose-Rent, operettas, 1883 A Fishy Case,
;
;
gratitudiue castigata, ib., 1737. Oratorios children's operetta, 1883 Old Knockles, : ;
S. Firnia Santo Stefano, prinio re d' Un- operetta

;
(German Reed), 1884 Humpty ;
glieria Le gelosie d' un

;
amore iitilmente Dumpty, prize glee, 1878 Winter Days, ;
crudele La couversione
;
di Clodario, re di do., 1879 Dickens' Series of Songs other ; ;
Fraucia ; La frode della castitfi ; II trionfo glees and songs.

dell innoceuza ; Albigai ; Sta. Francesca ro- CALEGARI (Callegari), ANTONIO, born
mana ; La ribellione di Assalone ; L' As- at Padua, Oct. 18, 1758, died there, July 22,
sunzioue della Beata Vergine ; La
1828. Dramatic composer, chiefly known
castita al
cimeuto ; II trionfo d' amore costanza by an eccentric work published in Venice,

; La
in amore vince 1' iugauuo, pastoral Mas- and subsequently in Paris, entitled L'art
;
:
de composer la musique sans en counaitre

elements (1801, 1802), which he dedicat- les
ed to Mme Bonaparte, who from that time
took him under her protection. Works
Operas Le sorelle rivali, 1784 L' Amor : ;
ses, motets, hymns, psalms, and cantatas soldato, 1786 II matrimouio scoperto, ;
;
Sonatas for two violins and basso continuo Venice, 1789. Fetis Mendel. ;
(Amsterdam). Fetis
Mendel Schilling CALEGARI, CORNELIA, born at Ber-
; ; ;
Wurzbach. gamo in 1644, died (?). Pianist and singer,

CALDARERA, MIGUEL, Borgo- published her first collection of motets at
born at
Sesia, Italy, Sept. 28, 1702, died at Casale the age of fifteen in 1660 entered the con- ;
in 1742. He studied counterpoint at the vent of Santa Margherita, Milan, where by

age of fourteen in IVIilau, became a very her organ playing and singing, she at-
clever musician, and was appointed maestro tracted multitudes of church goers. Works
di cappella of the Church of S. Evasio, Ca- Motets for one voice (1659)
Madrigals for ;
sale, a post he occupied until his death. do. ; do. for 2 voices ; Masses for 6 voices,
He left a gi-eat deal of church music in MS. with instruments ; Vespers, etc. Mendel.
Fetis ; Mendel.
Burney, CALEGARI, FRANCESCO ANTONIO,
iv. 533 ;
CALDICOTT," ALFRED JAIMES, born born at Padua, about the end of the 17th
at Worcester, England, in 1842, still living, century. Maestro di cappella of the Church
1888. Dramatic composer, pupil at the Con- of the Convent of the Cordeliers, Venice, in
servatorium, Leipsic, of Moscheles, Haupt- 1702, and at Padua, in 1724. Among his
mann, Plaidy, and Richter settled at Wor- published works are ;
IX Salmi Salve : ;
265
,
CALETTI
Sanguis Cantate tla Camera.
; He de- CALLCOTT, JOHN GEORGE, born in
stroyed most of liis church music when he London, July 19, 1821, .still living, 1888.
took up the enharmonic style of the old Son of John Wall Callcott is organist at ;
Greek music, of which he thought he had Teddington. He was for twenty-four years
discovered the principle but his writings accompanist of Henry Leslie's famous
;
new style met with no success.

iu the choir, now under Alberto Randegger.
CALETTI-BRUNI. See CavcM. Works : Hallowe'en, cantata for solo voices,
CALIFE DE BAGDAD, LE, opera-com- chorus, and orchestra ; The Golden Har-
ique in one act, text by Godard d'Aucourt vest, do. ; Songs, pai't-songs, and piano-
(Saint-Just), music by Boieldieu, first repre- forte music.
sented at the Theatre Favart, Paris, Sept. 16,
I
CALLCOTT, JOHN WALL, born at Ken-
1800. Isaoun, Caliph of Bagdad, wishing to sington, London,
assure himself that he is loved for himself Nov. 20, 1760, died
and not for his title, woos the beautiful Ze- there. May 1 5
tulbc' in disguise. He is mistaken for a noted 1821. He learned
brigand, and the fright of Lemaide, Zi'tul- the rudiments of
be's mother, is complete ; but, in sjiite of music by frequent-
appearances, the heart of the young girl re- ing the organ-loft
mains constant. The dialogue is lively and of Kensington
the music charming and fresh. The over- Church, and by at-
ture is one of the composer's best efforts. tending the Chajj-
After more than eight hundred representa- el Royal and West-
tions, opera still keeps the stage. H
this minster Abbey, where Drs. Arnold and
Califo di Bagdad, music by Manuel Garcia, Cooke, and the elder Sale became interested
was represented at the Teatro San Carlo, in him. In 1783-85 he was deputy organ-
Naples, 1812, and at the Opera Italien, ist of St. George the Martyr under Rein-
Paris, March 22, 1817 and Adiua, ossia il
; hold. In 1785, Dr. Cooke introduced him
Califfo di Bagdad, music by Rossini, was to the orchestra of the Academy of Ancient
given at the Teatro San Carlos, Lisbon, Music, and his bias was then formed for glee
iu 1813. Pougin, Boieldieu, 62. writing. He won three of the ioxiv firize
CALIQN, JOHN BAPTISTE, born in medals of that year for his catch O beau- :
London, March 16, 1827, still living, 1888. teous fair his canon Blessed is he and ; : ;
Church composer, pupil of his father. Or- his glee Dull rejiining sons of care and he : ;
ganist, precentor, and choir-master at St. received at Oxford the degree of Bachelor
Columba's College, L-eland, 184:6-53 do. of Music. He took an active part in 1787,
;
at "Woburn Chapel, 1853-57 do. at Cam- with Dr. Arnold and others, in the forma-
;
den Road Chapel, 1803-68 do. at St. tion of the Glee Club
; was joint organist :
Thomas' Church, Elm Road, Camden Town, with Charles S. Evans of St. Paul's, Covent
1870-84. Professor at Guildhall School of Garden, in 1788 and from 1792 to 1802 ;
Music. Works Services, op. 40, 96, and was organist to the Asylum for Female
:
in D, for jârish choirs Morning and Even- Orphans. In 1790 he took lessons from
;
ing Service, in G, 1883 Communion Ser- Haydn in instrumental composition to per-

;
vice, op. 104 Te Deum in D Anthems fect himself in orchestral writing, and in
; ; ;
Glees and Part-songs Songs Organ and 1793 studied the works of the best theor-
; ;
pianoforte pieces Quartet for strings

; ists, having projected a musical dictionary.
;
(Quintet for do. Trio for pianoforte, violin, Oxford gave him the degree of Doctor of
;
and violoncello Sonata for pianoforte and Music in 1800 and he employed the fol-
; ;
violoncello, etc. lowing yeai's on his dictionary, which was

356
CALLCOTT
published iu 1806. In the same year he CALVEZ, GABRIEL, a Spanish musician,
was appointed lecturer on music at the livingin Rome about the middle of the
Royal Institution, to succeed Dr. Crotch, 16th century. Chorister at the Church of
but his niiud gave way from over-work and S. M. Maggiore. Composer of motets for
he had to retire from public life. His works, four voices, published at Rome in 1540.
consisting of glees, catches, and canons, One of these, Emeudemus in melius quae
were edited after his death by W. Horsley. ignoranter peccavimus, furnished Palestrina
Grove Futis Mendel.
; ; with the theme for his mass, Emeudemus.
CALLCOTT, WILLI.\:\I HUTCHIXGS, Fctis Mendel. ;
born at Kensington, London, iu 1807, died CALVIERE, GUILLAUjVIE ANTOINE,

there, Aug. 5, 1882. Organist, younger son born iu Paris, iu 1695, died at Versailles,
of John Wall Callcott, and long a teacher iu Ajjril 18, 1755. Appointed organist of the
Loudon, where he attained considerable dis- King's Chapel in 1738, a position he occu-
tinction as a composer and arranger. He pied till his death. In common with most
arranged many glees for three male voices, of the French organists of that time, his
including some by his father. Among his playing lacked style, aud his harmony was
most popular works are the song. The Last uot correct, but he was considered a good
Man, to Campbell's words, and the anthem. organist iu France. He comjwsed many
Give peace in our time, O Lord. motets for full chorus, and many organ pieces,
CALL FORTH THY POW'RS, tenor which were never published. Fetis Bur- ;
air iu D major, of Judas, iu Hantlel's Judas uey, iv. 623 Mendel Schilling. ; ;
Maccabteus, Part i. "CALVISIUS, SETHUS (Seth Kallwitz),

CALLIAS, ou Natui-e et Patrie, heroic born atGorsch-
drama in one act, in verse, text by Hoffmann, leben, iu Thu-
music by Gretry, first represented at the r i n g i a Feb. ,
OiJera Comique, Paris, Sept. 19, 1794. 21, 1556, died

CALLIRHOE, French tragic oj)era in five i u L eips ic,
acts, with prologue, text by Ro\-, music by Nov. 24, 1615.
Destouches, represented at the Academic de The son of
Musique, Paris, Dec. 27, 1712. Subject, poor j)arents
the story of Callirrhoe, who was loved by named Kall-
Coresus, priest of Dionysus (Pausauias, VH. witz, he con-
21). music by Sac- trived to at-
Calliroe, Italian opera, ^.
chini, represented at Stuttgart, 1770 music tend the Magdeburg Gymnasium and the
;
by Felice Alessandri, Milan, 1778. Universities of Helmstedt and Leipsic, and

CALLIRRHOE, cantata, text by Barclay became an eminent musician and theorist.
Squire, music by John Frederick Bridge, In 1580 he became Musik- Director of the
written for and first performed at the Pauliner Church, Leipsic in 1582 cantor at ;
Bu-miugham (England) Festival, Aug. 30, Schulpforta was called to Leijssic to be- ;
1888. Athenseum -(1888), H. 328 Academy come cantor audSchulcollege of theThomas-

;
(1888), H. 125, 159. schule iu 1592, and was made Musik-Direc-

CALM SEA AND PROSPEROUS VOY- tor of the .same, in 1594. He devoted all
AGE. See Mefi-fsdille und gliickliche his time and energies to this school, refus-
Fahrt. ing offers from Wittenberg aud Frankfort.
CALMEZ, CALMEZ CETTE COLf:RE. Works Harmonia cantiouum a M. : Luthero,
See Ariiidant. etc. (1596)Biciniorum libri duo (1500 and
;
CALVARY, Spohr. See Hedands letzte 1612) Teutsche Tricinia (1603) Der 150
; ;
Stunden. Psalm fiir 12 Stimmen (1615) Der Psalter ;

;
CALYO
Davids (Leipsic, 1G17). Many
motets twenty-seven songs entitled Airs de cour
of liis :
aud hymns MS. are

iu in the Library of
tlie a quatre parties, de monsieur de Cambefort,
Thomasschiile. His treatises are Me- maistre et compositeur de la musique de la

:
lopeia (Erfurt, 1582 aud 1630) Compen- chambre du Roy, a Paris, etc. (1651).
; An-
dium musicse practicse (Leipsic, 1594) ;
other collection contains twenty-two airs, six
Auserlesene teutsche Lieder (ib., 1G03) from the Ballet royal de la Nuict, and one
from the Ballet du Temps, dedicated to Car-
dinal Mazariu. Fetis ; Chor. et Fay, i. 114.
ROBERT
5V'^^ Q/î
W6tW. Lambert), born in Paris about
CAMBERT,
wrongly,
(sometimes,
Exercitationes musicae duse (ib., London in 1677. The son of

1600, 1628, died in
1611). Grove Fetis; Gerber Meudel a sword-cutler, he studied the clavichord
; ; ;
Eiemann Schilling Winterfeld, Der evang. under Chambonnieres, and became organist
; ;
Kirchengesang, i. 352. at the college church of Saint-Honore. In

CALVO, LORENZO, a monk, of the Ven- 1666 he was ajjpointed superintendent of
etian States, in the early part of the 17th the music of Queen Anne of Austria, mother
century. He was musician in the Cathedral of Louis XIV. On June 28, 1669, the Aca-
of Pavia. Works Symbolje diversorum demic Royale de Musique was created, and
:
musicorum, 2, 3, 4, 5 vocibus cantandse the license was given to Pierre Perrin (the
(1626) Cauzoni sacre a 2, 3 e 4 voci Rac- originator of the scheme), who soon asso-
; ;
colte L, n., in., IV. Rosarium Litaniarum ciated Cambert with himself. This license
;
B. V. Mariaj (Venice, 1626). Fc'tis. was withdrawn iu favour of Lulli in 1672.

CAJIACHOS HOCHZEIT. See Hochzeit In 1673 Cambert went to England, where
des Camacho. he became bandmaster of a regiment and
CAMARGO, LA, opi'ra-comique in three afterwards master of the music of Charles
acts, text by Vanloo and Leterrier, music n., which jjost he held until his death.
by Lecocq, represented at the Tlu-atre de la Cambert may be called the founder of the
Renaissance, Paris, Nov. 20, 1878. The Freuch opera. He was induced to apply
principal characters are the celebrated dau- his talent to dramatic composition by the
seuse Camargo and the notorious swindler Abbe Perrin, who was fired with ambition,
Mandrin, called the Chevalier de Valjoly. by the performance in Paris, in 1647, of
Clement and Larousse, 893. Peri's Euridice, to produce similar works for
CAMAUER, GODEFROID, born at Berg- the French stage. The result of their col-
op-Zoom, Netherlands, May 31, 1821, died laboration was La Pastorale, universally
at Huy, Belgium, Oct. 14, 1884. Dramatic styled the first French musical comedy,
which was brought out at the Chateau
comiooser, pupil at the Conservatoire, Liege,
of Daussoigne and Jalheau. He settled at d'Issy iu April, 1659, and afterwards re-
Huy, where he became maitre de chapelle peated at Vincennes by command of Louis
of the parish church. Works Gretry a Ver- XIV. : Mazariu ordered another ojjera,
sailles, comic opera, given at Huy, 1856 Ariane, ou le mariage de Bacchus, which
;
Mass for four voices Ouverture jiastorale was given at Issy in 1661. Adonis, written
; ;

many choruses. Fetis, Supplement, 142. in 1662, was never perfonned, aud the score
i.
CAMBEFORT, JEAN, composer of the has been lost. The first work written for
17th century, died May 4, 1661. He was the new Acadcmie de Musique was Pomone,
court musician to Louis XIV., superintend- given with great success in 1671. Cam-
ent of the king's chamber music, and court bert's works, as far as they are known, are :
composer. He wrote several ballets and La Faslorale, 1659 Ariane, 1661 Adonis, ; ;
cantatas, and jjublished a collection of 1662 (never given) ; Pomone, 1671 (parts
268
; ;
CAMBmi
published by Ch. Ballard) Les peines et ;
CAMBIO, PERISSONE, flourished in
les plaisirs de raniour, 1(>72 (part of the Venice about the middle of the 16th cen-
MS. score is in the National Library, Paris) turj-. Singer in the ducal chapel of San
Airs a boire, a deux et a trois parties (Paris, Marco, Venice. His canzone villanesche
Robert Ballard, 1665 the bass; part is in are among the most genuine national songs
the Paris Library, the other parts are waut- of that period. Works : Madrigali a quattro
inn), Pougin, "Les vrais crc-ateurs de voci, libro primo (Venice, Gardano, 1547) ;
rOpcn-a frail (jais, Perrin et Cambert," in Le Secondo libro de' Madrigali a cinque voci,
Mt'iiestrel (1875-1876). etc. (ib., 1548) ; Canzone villanesche alia

CA^MBINI, GIOVANNI GIUSEPPE, born Napolitana (ib., 1551). Burney, iii. 214 ;
at Leghorn, Feb. 13, 1746, died in Paris, iu Fetis.
1825. Dramatic composer and violinist ;

CAMERANA, LUIGI, born in Piedmont
pupil at Bologna of Padre Martini in 1763- in 1846, still living, 1888. Dramatic com-
66. Captured by corsairs, while on his poser, maestro di cappella at the theatre of
way from Naples to Leghorn, and carried Savona. Works Patatrich e Patatrach,
:
to Barbary, he was ransomed by a Vene- operetta, 1872 ; Don Fabiano dei Corbelli,
tian merchant, and went in 1770 to Paris. opera buSa, Turin, Teatro Balbo, 1874 ;
There he found a patron in the Prince de Gabriella Chiabrera, opera seria, Savona,
Conti, through whose influence Gossec, 1876 music to the melodrama Alberto di ;
director of the Concerts Spii'ituels, success- Prussia, performed in 1875. Fetis, Supple-
fully produced one of his symphonies. He ment, i. 144.
became a prolific composer, writing sixty CAMERLOHER, PLACIDUS VON, born
symphonies iu a few years, and publishing in Bavaria about 1720, died at Freising, ib.,
much instrumental music. He wrote some in 1776. Organist, lutist, and violinist can- ;
dramatic music at this time, and music for on of the basilica of St. Andrew at Freising,
pantomimes, became director of the Beau- afterwards councillor and Kapellmeister to
jolais Theatre in 1788, and chef d'orchestre the Prince Bishop, there. He was noted
at the Theatre Louvois in 1791. His or- as a teacher, and formed many distinguished
atorio, Le Sacrifice d'Abraham, was given pupils. Works Melissa, opera, given in :
at the Concerts Spirituels in 1774, and Joad Munich, 1739 6 symphonies for two vi- ;
and a Miserere in 1775. He published L'Art olins, viola, bass, two horns, and two trum-
de moduler sur le violou (1796) Mc- pets, op. 2 (Liege, 1760) do., op. 3 (Am-
; ;
thode pour flute (1799) and helped Ga- sterdam, 1761) do., op. 4 (Liege, 1762)
; ; ;
rande to publish a musical paper, "Tablettes 24 quartets for two violins, viola, and bass ;
de Polymnie," in 1811. He lost his theatrical 18 trios for guitar, violin, and violoncello ;
positions and was made director of the con- 24 sonatas for two violins and bass con- ;
certs of M. Armand Seguin, a rich business certo for guitar, with two violins, viola, and
man of Paris who gave concerts iu his own bass do., with two violins and bass mass- ; ;
house. Works Operas : La 1784 es, motets, vespers,

statue, ;
litanies, etc. Fetis ;
La Croisee, 1785 ; Les fourberies de Ma- Mendel Schilling. ;
thurin, 1786 Le tuteur avare. Colas

; et CAMIDGE, JOHN, born in York, Eng-
Colette, Le bon pere, 1788 Nantilde ; et land, in 1790, died there, Sept. 21, 1859.
Dagobert, Les trois freres, 1793 Organist from 1844 of York Cathedral, a
1791 ; ;
Alcmcne, Alcede, and the ballet-opera, Fetes position which his father, Matthew Cam-
venitiennes, 1782. The last ten years of his idge (1758-1844), held from 1803, and his
life were spent in the hospital of Bicutre. grandfather, John Camidge (1734-1803),
Fetis do.. Supplement, i. 144
; Mendel from 1756. He was graduated at Cam-
;
Riemann, 144. bridge University as Bachelor of Music in
269
CAMILLE
1812, and as Doctor of Music in 1819 and given at Naples, Teatro del Fondo, 1839
; ;
he received tbe degree of Doctor of Music II ravvedimento, ib., 1840. Fetis do.. ;
at Lambeth in 1855. The organ of York Supplement, i. 145 Mendel. ;
Cathedral, one of the largest in England, CAMPAGNOLI, BARTOLOMEO, born

was constructed under his superintendence. at Cento, near Bologna, Sept. 10, 1751, died

Works Cathedral music a service, an- at Neu-Strelitz, Nov. 6, 1827. Violinist,
:
thems, and fifty double chants six glees pupil of Dair Occhia, in Modeua of Paolo
;
for three and four voices, etc. Grove.

Guastarobba, and in Florence of Nardini.
CAMILLE, EEINE DES VOLSQUES He served as violinist in the Pergola, Flo-
(Queen of the Volsci), lyric tragedy in five rence, and after leading the opera bauds in
acts,with prologue, text by Danchet, music Florence and Rome alternatelj' for some
bj' Campra, first represented at the Acade- years, became in 1776 Kapellmeister to the
mie Royale de Musique, Paris, Nov. 9, 1717. Prince Bishop of Freising, Bavaria. He
Subject, Camilla, daughter of King Metabus, was violinist to the Duke of Courland in
of the Volscian town of Privernuni, who Dresden, in 1778 travelled in 1783-86 in ;
took part with Turnus against JSneas and the north of Europe revisited Italy in ;
was slain by Aruns, as related in the J3neid. 1788, was conductor at Leipsic from 1797
Same subject treated in Camilla, music by to 1818; and visited Paris in 1801. He
Marco Antonio Bononcini, represented at wrote many concertos, sonatas, duos, and
Vienna about 1692, London, 1707 and fugues for violins, and published L'art
; :
music by Fioravanti, Italy, 1810 and in d'in venter ii rimproîste des fantaisies et
;
II trionfo di Camilla, i-egina de' Volsci, music des cadences, op. 17 Sept divertissements ;
by Leo, Rome, 172G. compost's pour I'exercice des sept positions

CAMILLE, ou Le Souterrain (Tlie principales, op. 18 Nouvelle niethode de
;
Vault), opera-coraique in three acts, text la mecanique progressive du jeu du violon,

by Marsollier, music by Dalayrac, first rep- op. 21. His 41 caprices pour I'alto-viola,
resented at the Thoatre des Italiens, Paris, op. 22, is of importance in the meagre cata-
March 19, 1791 reproduced in 1841:. Sub-
; logue of viola music. Fi'tis Gerber Hart, ; ;
jectfrom the romance of " Adole et Theo- The VioHn, 242 Chor. et Fay,, i. 115 Men-
; ;
dore," by Mme de Genlis. The same sub- del; Schilling Wasielewski, Die Violine
;
ject is treated by Paer, but less happily, in und ihre Meister, 128.
Camilla, ossia il Sotterraneo, text bj' Car- CAMPAJOLA, FRANCESCO, born at
jaani, Venice, 1799, Vienna, 1801, and Paris, Naples, May 8, 1825, still living, 1888.
Opera Italien, Nov. 5, 1804. Dramatic composer, pupil of Pasquale
CAMILLUS, the famous Roman dictator Mando, and at the Conservatorio of V.
(died 3G5), is the hero of the following
B.C. Fiado, Mario Aspa, Carlo Conti, Busti, Gug-
operas Furio Camillo, music by Sabadini,
: lielmi and Mercadante. Works Papa Mu- :
Parma, 1C8G by Perti, Florence, 1692 by

; ; linotto, opera, given at Naples L' Olimpo, ;
Pacini, Naples, 1841 II trionfo di Camillo,

; do.; Igilda, not performed A Mass, and ;
music by Ciampi, London, 1750 byGluck, ; other church music Songs and pianoforte
;
Rome, 1754 by Porpora, Naples, 1760

; ;
pieces.
Petis, Supplement, i. 145.
and Le triomphe de Camille, music by CAMPANA, FABIO, born at Leghorn,
Champein, written in Paris, about 1800, but Italy, Jan. 14, 1819, died in London, Feb.
not performed. 7 (2 ?), 1882. Dramatic composer, pupil

CAMMARANO, LUIGI, born in Naples of the musical lyeeum, Bologna. About
in the early part of this century, died there 1850 he settled in London, where he taught
in 1854. Dramatic composer, author of the vocal music for many years. Works Op-
following works I ciarlatani, opera buft'a. eras
: Caterina di Guisa, given at Leg- :

CAM PANE LL A
bora, 1838 ; Giulio (V Este, Rome, Teatro successfulh' performed and the theatre
Apollo, 1K41 ; Vauiua d' Ornauo, Florence, saved. In 1864 it was reproduced *in St.
Teatro della Pergola, Petersburg with much favour.
1842; Luisa cli Fran- CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER, born near
cia, Rome, 1844 Al- ;
Callander, Perthshire, Scotland, Feb. 22,
miiia, London, 1860 ;
1764, died in Edinburgh, May 15, 1824.
Esmeralda, St. Peters- Organist, and composer of songs which he
burg, 1869. Cauzon- published in two collections one with an :
ettas, romances, melo- accompaniment for the violin (1792), the

dies, duos, etc. (Pa- other with a harp accompaniment, publish-
ris, Milan, London). ed later. In 1816 he published Vol. I. of
Fetis, Supplumeut, Albyn's Aiithologj-.^ Grove ; Fetis ; Mendel.
i. 145. CAMP DE GRANDPRE, LE, ou Le Tri-
CAMPANELLA, FRANCESCO, born in omplie de la Republique, opera in one act,
Naples, Italy, Sept. 30, 1827, still living, text by Joseph Cheiiier, music by Gossec, reji-
1888. Instrumental and vocal composer, resented at the Opera, Paris, Jan. 27, 1793.
pupil at the Conservatorio, Naples, of Gen- Composed in honour of the defenders of the
naro Parisi in liarmony, of Carlo Conti in country in 1792, after the Prussians and
counterpoint, and of i\Iercadante in compo- Austrians had been driven out of Cham-
sition. He devoted himself to teaching the pagne. It was preceded by a popular song
pianoforte and singing, and in 1855 became by the same authors, entitled "Ronde du
second maestro di cappclla at the Teatro camp de Grand-Pro," which was sung eveiy-
Nuovo. He has composed cantatas, sacred wliere to the accompaniment of clarinets,
and secular, many choruses, songs, and horns, and bassoons.
pianoforte pieces, and part of the music of CAMP DE SOBIESKI, LE, opera-co-
the opera buflfa La donna romantica (with mique in two acts, text by Dupaty, music
Buonomo, Ruggi, and Valente), given at the l)y Kreutzer, represented at the Theatre

Teatro Nuovo, 1858. Futis, Supplement, i. Feydeau, Paris, April 21, 1813.
145. CAMP DU DRAP D'OR, LE (Camp of
CA?*IPANELLI, LUIGI, bom in Florence the Cloth of Gold), opera-comique in three
in 1771, died ('?). Violinist, j)upil of Nardini. acts, text by Paul de Kock, music by Rifaut,
He was maestro di cappella at the court of Leborne, and Batton, represented at the
Tuscany, and was appointed first violinist Opera Comique, Paris, Feb. 23, 1828.
at the court of the King of Etruria, in 1802. CA5IPELLI, CARLO, lived at Siena
His MS. compositions, known throughout about the end of the 17th century. He
Italj', consist of sonatas, duos, trios, and was the author of an opera. Amor fra gl'
quartets for violin. Fetis Mendel. impossibili, represented in Siena, 1693.

;
CAIMPANELLO DI NOTTE, IL (The Fetis ; Chor. et Fay., Diet, des Mus., i. 115 ;
Night Bell), operetta in one act, text and Mendel.

music by Donizetti, first represented in CAMPENHOUT, FRANgOIS VAN, born
Naples, 1836. It was written to save a in Brussels in 1780, died there, April 24,
Neapolitan manager from ruin. Donizetti 1848. Dramatic composer and tenor, pupil
promised that he should have an operetta Plantade at The Hague (1807),
in singing of
within a week, but be had no libretto. and in harmony and composition of Navoi-
Recollecting the plot of a vaudeville, called gille, the elder, and of Saint-Amand at Am-
La Sonnette de Nuit, which lie had seen in sterdam (1808), having at first studied the
Paris several years before, he adapted that, violin under Pauwels at Brussels, and en-
and set it to music, and in nine davs it was tered the orchestra of the Theatre de la
361
CAMPION
Monnaie. he went ou the stage Composer of church music, and of a cele-
Soon after
as a tenor singer, first at Ghent, then at brated Te Deum mentioned by Burney, who
Brussels, Antwerp, Brest (1801-3), Paris heard it jjerformed in Italy by two hundred
(1804, 18U, and 1824), Amsterdam, The musicians (1767). He was maestro di cap-
Hague (1807 and 1826), Rouen (1809-12), pella to the Grand Duke of Tuscany. His
Lyons (18U-1G), Bordeaux (1816-18), etc., works were published in England, Ger-
and ended his career as a singer at Ghent in many, and Holland his violin duets in ;
1827, settling at Brussels in 1828 to devote seven volumes. Fetis Mendel Schilling. ; ;
himself to composition. He is the composer CAMPISI, DOMENICO, born at Regal-

of the Brabanronne (1830).
Works OjJ- buto, Sicily, about the end of the 16th cen-
eras Grotius, ou Le chateau de LiJwen- tury.
: A Dominican monk who was made
stein, given at Amsterdam, 1808 Le passe- professor of theology to his order in 1629.
;
partout, Lyons, 1814; L'heureux mensonge, Mongitore (Bibl. Sicul., i. 166) saj's he was
Bordeaux, 1819 Les quatre journees; Gil- a clever composer, and gives the following
;
lette de Narbonue Therese, ou La femme list of his works Motetti a due, tre e quat-
; :
du pecheur de Sorreute Diane at Endy- tro voci, con una computa, lib. i., Palermo
;
rniou, ballet, Bordeaux, 1819 Choeurs d'A- (1615) Motetti a due, etc., lib. ii. (ib.,
; ;
thalie (Rouen, 1809) ; Le reprouve, lyric 1618) ; Floridus concentus binis, ternis,
scene for baritone, chorus, and orchestra ;
quaternis, et quinis vocibus modulandus
9 cantatas with orchestra (1806-47) Cho- (Rome, 1622) Lilia campi, binis, ternis,
; ;
ruses with and without orchestra La tem- quaternis, etc. (ib., 1623) Lilia campi, sen
; ;
pete, ou Une nuit en mer, scene for baritone Motetti et Laudi de B. V. M., etc. (ib..
and chorus, 1846 3 masses for 4 voices, 1627).Fetis Mendel.
; ;
chorus, and orchestra, executed at Sainte- CAMP OF SILESIA. See Feldlager in

Gudule, Brussels Te Deums, Tantum ergo, Schlesien.
;
psalms,etc. Nocturnes, romances, and songs

; CAMPRA, ANDRE, born at Aix, Pro-
for one and two voices, with pianoforte. vence, Dee. 4,
Fetis do.. Supplement, i. 145 Mendel.

; ; 1660, died at
CAMPION (Campian), THOMAS, com- Versailles,July
jjoser, in the earlier part of the 17th cen- 29, Dra-
1744.
tury, died in London, February, 1619. He matic composer.
published : Observations on the Art of Eng- He was at first a
lish Poesie (1602) ; Two bookes of Ayre.s, chorister in the
The First contayning Divine and Morall Cathedral of
Songs, The Second, Light Conceits of Lov- Aix, then maitre
ers, To be sung to the Lute and viols in dechapelleofthe
two, three, or four parts ;or by one Voyce Toulon Cathe-
to an Instrument (1610) ; Ayres for the dral in 1679 ; at
Masque of Flowers, etc. (1613) ; A New Aries in 1681, and at Toulouse from 1683
Way of making Four parts in Counter-point to 1694, when he went to Paris, and became
by a most Familiar and Infallible Rule maestro at the college chapel of the Jesuits
(about 1618), was annotated by Christojiher and maitre de musique at Notre Dame. He
Symp.son in a second edition (1655). He was also master of the Royal Chapel, and
wrote for all the masques and court cere- director of music to the Prince de Conti.
monies of his day, giving quaint and long Next to Lulli he was considered the best
titles to his compositions. Grove Fetis.
dramatic composer of France, a supremacy
;
CAMPIONI, CARLO ANTONIO, born which he held until the time of Rameau.
in Leghorn, Italy, about 1720, died (?). Works Operas, given in Paris, Academie
202
;
CAMPS
Royale de Musique : L'Europe galante flutist and composer for his instrument
1G97 Le Carnaval de Veuise

(ope'ra-ballet), ;
pupil of Wunderlich at the Conservatoire,
(do.), 1699 ArOthuse (do.), 1701; Hi-done,
;
Paris, in 1806. Became first flute at sev-
1700 Taucrude, 1702 Les Muses (ballet),

; ;
eral of the important theatres of Paris, and
1703 Iphigenie en Tauride (with Desma-

;
at last entered the orchestra of the Italian
rest), Telcmaquo, 1704: Alcine, Le triomphe ; Opera. Works Duos pour deux flutes, op.
:
de ramour, 1705 Hipijodamie, 1700 Les ; ; 2 ; Trois grands duos, liv. 2 ; Fantaisie sur
fetes venitiennes (opera-ballet), 1710 Ido- ; un pour flute et piano Trois

air ecossais ;
luenee, Les amours de Mars et Venus grands duos pour flilte, op. 11 24 sere- ;
(opw-a-ballet), 1712 Ti'K'phe, 1713 Ga- ; ;

nades composees d'airs nationaux varies, op.
mille, 1717 Les ages (opera-ballet),
;
1718 ;
1 (Paris), and many others mentioned by
Acbille et Deidamie, 1735. The followiug Fetis. Fetis ; Schilling.
ballets and divertissements were written for CANDEILLE, PIERRE JOSEPH, born
the court Venus, 1698 Le destin du at Estaires, Flanders, Dec.
: ;
8, 1744, died at
uouveau siecle, 1700 Les fetes de Co- Chantilly, April 24, 1827. ;
Dramatic com-
rintbe, 1717 La fete de I'ile Adam, 1722
; ;
poser, pupil at the Royal Academy, where
Les Muses rassemblees par I'Amour, 1723 ; he was afterwards instructor. Among his
Le genie de la Bourgogne, 1732 Les noces ; works are several opei-atic arrangements of
de Venus, 1740. He published three books well-known poems, such as Laure et Pe-
of cantatas (1708) Five books of motets ; trarque, 1780, and many new arrange-
(1706, 1710, 1713). Pougin, Andre Cam- ments of old operas. His operas did not
pra (Paris, 1861) Fetis do., Supplement, ; ; fulfil the promise of his motets, given at
i. 146 Burney, iv. 607 Mendel do., Er-

; ; ; the Concerts Spirituels. Works Operas :
ganz., 53 Riemann. ;
Laure et Petrarque, given at court, 1778 ;
CAMPS Y SOLEE, OSCAR, born, of Pizarre, ou la Conquete du Perou, Opera,

Spanish parents, at Alexandria, Egypt, Nov. 1785 La Mort de Beaurepaire Les fetes ; ;
21, 1837, still living, 1888. Pianist, pupil Grecques et Roniaines, 1777 L'Amour et ;
at Florence, of Doehler, and studied coun- Psyche (1780) Lausus et Lydie (1786); La-
;
terpoint and composition at Naples under dislas et Adelaide (1791) Les jeux Olym- ;
Mercadante. Gran cantata for Works : piques Brutus (1793). Fetis

;
Mendel. ;
three voices, which was brought out at CANETTI, FRANCESCO, born at Cre-
Madrid, and a number of vocal pieces and ma, Lombardy, about the middle of the 18th
pieces for pianoforte. He has written also century, still living in 1812. Dramatic com-
theoretical works. Fetis,
Supplement, i. poser, maestro di cappella of the Cathedral
147 ;
Mendel,
Riemann, 145 Ergiiuz., 53. of Brescia, and one of the eight members of
;
CAMUS, ANDRE, born in Paris in 1731, the musical department of the Institute of
died there in 1777. Tenor singer, and Italj'. He produced an opei-a buffa, 1' Ima-
composer of church music. He was at first ginario, at Brescia in 1784. He is also
a page and one of the court musicians to known by a Mass for eight real voices, in
the King, and a pupil of the Abbe Madin. the style of fugued counterpoint, which is
In 1746, when he was only fifteen years old, considered a masterpiece. Fetis Mendel. ;
his first success was gained by the perform- CANIS, CORNEILLE, born in Ghent,
ance of his psalm, Qui confidunt in Domino. flourished in the 16tli century, died before
The beauty of his voice procured him the 1556. Singing master of Notre Dame, Ant-
position of tenor in the Royal Chapel. ^Fe- werp. Works Canons published in the :
tis ; Mendel. Antwerp and Louvain collections of songs,

CAMUS, PAUL HIPPOLYTE, born in Dr. Burney quotes
printed about 1544.
Paris, Jan. 26, 1796, died (?). Celebrated also a French song, " Ta bonne grace et
263
;
CANNABICH

maintien gracieux." Biog. nat. de Belg., Hague) 6 trios for two violins and violon- I
;
286 Fotis Meudel do., Ergiinz., 53.

iii. ; ; cello, op. 3 (Mannheim)
; 6 duos for flute ;
CANNABICH, CAKL, born in Maiiuheim and violin, op. 4 (ib., 1767) ; 6 quartets for
in 1769, died in Munich, May 1, 1806. two violins, viola, and bass, op. 5 (Mann-
Dramatic composer and violinist, son and heim) ; 3 concertos for violin solo, two vio-
pupil of Christian Cannabich studied the ; lins, viola, and bass 6 symphonies coucer- ;
violin under Eck, liarmony under Griitz, tautes for two flutes, two violins, viola, and
and composition in Italy under P. Win- bass, oj). 7 (Paris, 1769). Allgem. d. Biogr.,
ter. He was Musik-Director at Fraukfort- iii. 759 ; Fetis ; Mendel ; Schilling.
on-the-Main, 179G-1800, and succeeded his CANNETI, FRANCESCO, born at Vi-
father in 1798, in Munich, as director of cenza, Italy, in 1809, died there, August,
court concerts. lu 1805 he was sent by his 1884. Dramatic and church composer,
government to Paris to study the method pupil of Pilotti at Bologna. Works : Emilia,
of teaching at the Conservatoire. Works : opera, Vieenza, 1830 Francesca da Rimini,
;
Orpheus, Palmer und Amalie, operas, given do., ib., 1843 ; Requiem Mass (Milan, Luc-
in Munich, 1800 Gediichtnissfeyer Mo-
; ca) ; Tan turn Ergo for six voices (ib.). Fetis,
zarts, cantata (Hamburg, 1797) Deutsche ; Supjilement, i. 147.
Lieder (Munich, 1798) 14: variations for ; CANNICIARI, Don POMPEO, flourished
harjjsichord on the air, A Schiisserl uud a in the beginning of the 18th century, died
Keindl (Munich, 1798) Variations for harp- ; in Rome, Dec. 29, 1744. Maestro at S. ^L
sichord, No. 2 (Munich, 1799) Trios for 2 ; Maggiore from 1709 till his death. He be-
violins and viola, op. 3 Duos for flute and ; queathed his large musical library to that
violin, op. 4 Cauzonette for 3 and 4 vio-
; basilica, but it was eventually disisersed.
lins (Munich, 1801) Overtures, symphonies,
; Several of his pieces are in the Santini
concertos, etc. Allgem. d. Biogr., iii. 760 ;
Library, notably : 3 masses for four, and
Allgem. mus. Zeitg., viii. 529, 554 ; Fctis ;
1 for five, 6 for eight, and 4 for sixteen
Gerber. voices ; 4 motets for four, and 10 for
CANNABICH, CHRISTIAN, born at eight voices ; 2 Magnificats for four voices,
Mannheim in 1731 (1742 '?), died in Frank- with organ accompaniment ; and an Ave
fort-on-the-Main, in 1798. Dramatic com- IMaria for eight voices. Grove ; Futis
poser and violinist, pupil of Johaun Stamitz, Mendel.
then studied for three years in Italj', chiefly CANOBY, GUSTAVE, born (in France ?)
under Jommelli, and returned to INIannheim about 1830, still living, 1888 (?). Dramatic
iu 1763. He was made Conzertmeister and composer, pujiil at the Conservatoire, Paris ;
conductor of the Italian opera in 1765, mu- became maitre de chajaelle of the church at
sical director in 1775, same ca- Passy. Wôrks La medaille, Un drame en
and in the :
pacity removed with the court to Munich I'air, operettas, given at the Boufl'es Pari-
iu 1778. He was one of the foremost solo- sieus, 1865 La coupe et les levres, grand ;
violinists of Germany, and excelled still ojjera. Fc'tis, Supplement, i. 147.

more as a teacher of his instrument and as CANOGIA, JOSE AVELINO, born at
an orchestra conductor. Works Operas: Oeiras, Portugal, Nov. 10, 1784, died in
Azakia, given at Mannheim, 1778 La Croi- Lisbon
; in 1842. Clarinet player,^3rofessor
sce, Paris, 1788 Elektra, Angelica (operet-
; iu the Lisbon Conservatorio. He played
ta), Munich, 1792 La descente d'Hercule
; with success in Paris, London, and other
aux enfcrs, ballet Corthey und Thelaire, do.,
; cities, and wrote concertos, fantasias, and
Munich, Berlin, 1794 other ballets 3 sym-

; ; variations for his instrument, published in
phonies for grand orchestra 6 quartets ; Paris and London. Futi.s, Supplement, i.
for violin, flute, viola, and bass, op. 1 (The 148 ; Mendel, Erganz., 53.
264
CAXTATA
CANTATA FESTO ASCENSIONIS went to Paris, became a singing teacher,
CHRLSTI. See Her da glaubet uud ge- and published there a collection of roman-
tauft wird. ces and nocturnes entitled L'Echo de Sor- :
CANTATA PEE OGNI TEMPO. See rente. He also published music for the
Ich hatte viel Bekiimnierniss. 2)ianoforte ut Milan.
Ft'tis do., Supple- ;
CANTIA3I0, FACCIAM BRINDISI. See ment, Mendel, Ergiiuz., 54.

i. 148 ;
Elisire d' Aniore. CAPELLETTI, CARLO, Bolognese dra-

CANTONE, Padre SERAFINO, born in matic composer, contemjsorary. He is a
Milan about the end of the IGth centiuT, pupil of Mattel, and member of the Acea-
died (?). Organist of the Cathedral of Mil- demia Filarmonica. Works Operas La :
an. A monk of the Monasterj' of S. Sim- contessina, given in Bologna, 1830 ; L'
he was one of the first
plic-iauo, composers amor mulinaro, Ferrara, 1837; II sindaco
to introduce concerted pieces in the tlorid burlato, Bologna, 1844 La capanua Mos-
;
style. Several of his canzonets, cantatas, and covita. Fetis ; do., Supplement, i. 140 ;
motets are given by Fetis, and Bodenschatz Mendel.

has inserted one of his motets for eight CAPELLO, Al)l>ate GIOVANNI MA-
voices in Florilegium Portense. Fetis; RIA, born in Parma in the 17tli century,
Mendel. died there in 1728. Dramatic composer,
CANUTI, GIOVANNI ANTONIO, Italian canon of the Cathedral, and comj)oser to
composer of the 18th century, born at the court of Parma. Works Operas :
Lucca. He brought out an opera, entitled Rosalinda, given in Venice, 1G92 Climene, ;
Eodelinda, at Lucca in 1724

Fetis, Sup- Rovigo, 1700 Griselda, ib., 1710 Giulio ; ;
plement, i. 148. Flavio Crispo, Venice, 1722 ; Mitridate, re

CANZONA DI RINGRAZIAMENTO in di Ponto, ib., 1723. Fetis ; Mendel.
modo lidico, offerta alia divinita da un CAPELLO, GIOVANNI UXBlk, born
guarito (Song of thanksgiving in the Ly- in Venice about the end of the IGth cen-
dian mode, offered to the Deity by one tury. Organist of S. M. delle Grazie, Bre-
cured of sickness). The title of the third scia. He was the author of thirteen books
movement, Molto adagio, of Beethoven's of masses and psalms, the ninth of which
string quartet in A minor, op. 132. was published at Venice in IGIG. Fetis ;
CAPECE, ALESSANDRO, born at Te- Mendel.

rena, in the Abruzzi, in the middle of the IGth CAPILUPI, GEMINIANO, born in Mo-
century, died Maestro di cappella of the dena, about 1560, died there, Aug. 31,
(?).
cathedral of Ferra under Cardinal Mazo- IGIG. Vocal composer, jûpil of Orazio
letto. Works II Primo libro de' Madrigali Vecchi. Little of his history is known, but
:
a quattro, cinque et otto vooi, op. 5 (Rome, according to Spaccini and Tiraboschi, he
IGIG). Otto Magnificat sopra li tuoni dell' intrigued in 1G04 to displace Vecchi, his
Ecclesia, op. 4 (Venice, IGlG) Sacri con- master, as maestro of the Cathedral of Mo-
;
certi d' un vago e nuovo stile, a 2, 3 e 4 voci, dena. Works Motetti a G e 8 voci, libro :
op. 10. Fetis gives a long list of other primo (1G03) Madrigali a cinque voci, ;

works. Fetis Mendel. ; libro 1 et 2 (1G08). A collection of thirty
CAPECELATRO, VINCENZO, born in pieces, canzonets for 3 voices, bj- Capilupi
Naples in 1815, died in Florence, Oct.
and Vecchi are in the Liegnitz Library.
7,
1874. Dramatic composer, pujiil of the Fetis Mendel. ;
Conservatorio of San Pietro, Naples. Works CAPITAINE FRACASSE, LE, opera-

Operas La mansarde des artistes, given comique in three acts and six tableaux,
:
at Naples, 1837 Mortedo, Naples, 1847 text by Catulle Mendes, music by Emile
;
;
Gaston de Cleauley, Florence, 1855. He Pessard, first represented at the Theatre

865
:
CAPITAINE
Lyrique, Paris, July 2, 1878. The libretto Works : Premier livre de pieces de viole et
is au udaptiitiou of Tbeopbile Gautier's de basse continue (Paris, 1730) Premier ;
liovel of the same title (1863). recueil d'airs serieux et a boire (Paris,
CAPITAINE HENRIOT, LE, opera-com- 1732) 2d recueil (ib.), Semele, ou la nais- ;
ique in three acts, text by Giistave Vaez and sance de Bacchus, cantate a deux voix avec
Victorieu Sardou, music by Gevaeit, repre- symphonies (1732) Plaisirs de I'hiver ;
sented at the Opera Coniique, Paris, Dec. (1730), plaj-ed at Versailles before the
29, 1864. The by Queen Methode de Musique. Fetis Men-
libretto, left unfinished ; ;
Vaez, was finished by Sardou. Capitaine del.

Heuriot is Henri IV., and the time is 1570, CAPRANICA, MATTEO, born in Rome,
during the siege of Paris. lived about the middle of the 18th century.
CAPOANI, GIOVANNI FRANCESCO, His opera, Aristodemo, was played at the
born at Bari, lived about 1550. History Argentina Theatre, Rome, in 1746. He
unknown ; finished the opera of La finta Frascatana,
several of his comjiositious are
in the first book of the "Authors of Bari," which Leo left incomplete at his death.
jniblished by Antiquis at Venice, in 1585. Reichardt also makes mention of a Salve
Fetis Mendel.
; Regina for soprano, with an accompaniment
CAPOLLINI, MICHELANGELO, Ital- for stringed instruments, written by Capra-
ian composer of the 17tli century. He nica. Fetis; Mendel.
wrote the music to a sacred drama entitled CAPRON, violinist, pupil of Ga- ,
Lamento di Maria Vergine, acconipagnato vinies, first appeared at a Concert Sjjirituel

delle Lagrime di Santa Maria Maddalena e in 1768. He published six sonatas for the
di S. Giovanni per la morte di Gesu Chris- violin, op. 1 and in 1770, six quartets, op. ;
to, rajipresentato in musica in stile recitativo 2 (1769). Fetis.

nella chiesa de' Santi Innocenti di Mantua CAPTIVE, LA, reverie for a contralto
(16-27).Fetis ; Mendel, ii. 310. by Hector Berlioz, op.
voice with orchestra,
CAPOTORTI, LUIGI, born at Molfetta, 12, to words by Victor Hugo. Published
Italy, in 1767, died at San Severo in 1842. in full score, and pianoforte score, by Ri-
Dramatic composer, pupil at the Conserva- chault, Paris.
torio di S. Ouofrio. Works Operas : L' CAPUANA, MARIO, maestro di cappella
impegno sujierato, given at Naples, 1802 of the Senate and of the Cathedral of Noto,
;
Obedde ed Alamaro, ib., 1808 Giro, and Sicily, about the middle of the 17th century.
;
Enea in Cartagiue, ib., 1805 Bref il sordo, Works Motetti a 2, 3, 4, e 5 voci, op. 3
; :
Naples and Rome, 1813 Marco Curzio, (Venice, 1649) Messa de' Defonti, a 4 voci
; ;
Naples, 1813 Ernesta e Carlino, ib., 1815. (ib., 1650). Fetis.

;
He wi'ote also a grand cantata, given at CAPUANO, GIUSEPPE, born in Naples,

Naples, composed to Ricci's words.
Fe- March 3, 1830, still Hving, 1888. Pupil of
tis; do., Supplement, i. Giuseppe Correggio. He has written masses
1-lfl ; Mendel.
CAPPONI, GIOVANNI ANGELO, and much church music, and is the author
lived
in the 17th century. He publisLed a col- of a musical treatise entitled Un nouveau :
lection of masses and psalms for eight livre. Fetis, Supplement, i. 150 Mendel, ;
voice.s, and a miserere for nine voices Ergiinz., 54.

(Rome, 1650) Litanies and psalms for five
; CAPULETTI ED I MONTECCHI, I
voices (ib., 16,54). Fetis Mendel. ; (The Capulets and the Montagues), Italian
CAPPDS, JEAN BAPTISTE, born in Di- opera in three acts, text by Romani, music
jon, France, about the beginning of the by Bellini, first represented at La Fenice,
18tb century, died about 1770. He was Venice, March 12, 1830, in Paris, Jan. 10,
maitre de musique at the Dijon Academy. 1833, and at the King's Theatre, London,
;
CAPUTI
July 20, 1833. Libretto from Shakespeare's 1816 2 masses with full orchestra Dixit
;
;
" Eomeo aud Juliet." The music was writ- Doniinus, Salve Regina, Magnificat, Credo,
ten in fifteen days to relieve the manager of Tantuni Ergo, with do.; 2 motets for two
the Venice theatre from difficulty, and the choruses aud orchestra Quartet for piano- ;
clarinet, and viola Nocturne

work proved a decided success. The role forte, flute,
;
of Tebaldo was cast for Rubini, and the for

violas and wind instruments. Fetis.
of Juliet for Giuditta CARACTACUS, English drama, test by
parts of Romeo and
and Giulia Grisi. In Paris and in London Mason, music by Thomas Augustine
Ariie,
Mine This opera represented in London, 1776. This was Dr.

Romeo was sung by Pasta.
is usually given with a fourth act,
added Ai-ne's last dramatic composition. A dra-
by Vaccai. See Romeo et Juliette. matic ballet, music by Henry R. Bishop,
Carattaco,
CAPUTI, ANTOINE, Italian composer was given in London, 1806.
Germany, opera, music by Johann Christian
who lived in 1754. He settled in Italian
Didone ab- Bach, London, 1767 lyric tragedy, text by
where he produced an opera, ;
bandonata. He composed also in 1760 a Peretti, music by Catelani, Modena, 1841.

concerto for flute which remains in MS. CAR.AIÂ, M.\RZIO GAETANO, Prince
born at aud Duke
Fetis Mendel.
;
died
of Colobrano
Amateur composer
of Alvito,
CAPUZZI, GIUSEPPE ANTONIO, born Naples in 1798, (?).
in Brescia, in 174:0, died in Bergamo, March of

church and chamber music cousin of ;
1818. Dramatic composer aud violinist Michele Carafa pupil of Gabriele Prota, of ;
28,
pupil of Nazari, and in composition of Ber- Salini (1808),
and of Fioravanti (1811).
toni. In 1790 he produced in London a Works : Miserere for four voices (1819) ;
for four voices and orchestra

ballet, La villageoise enlevoe, ou les cor- Dafne, cantata
saires. Other works 3 books
: of quintets (1819); Requiem
;
mass for tw'elve voices
quartets; 2 violin concertos and orchestra (1821) do. for four male
2 books of ;
(Venice).
Fetis do., Suppk'ment, i. 150
;
voices Miserere
;
for eight
Conte
do.
;
Choruses
della Carma-
;
Mendel. to ]\Ianzoni's tragedy II
CARACCIOLO, LUIGI, born at Audria gnola do. to Adelchi two

;
paraphrases of ;
six male voices many pieces

(Bari), Italy, Aug. 10, 1849, died in London, Christus, for
;
composer, pupil at for four voices about fifty airs for dift'er-
Aug. 2, 1887. Dramatic ;
the Naples Conservatorio in 18G3 studied ent voices.

;
Fetis.
the organ and harmony under Carlo Conti CARAFA (DE COLOBRANO,) m-
and Mercadante settled in London as
;
vocal CHELE (ENRICO), born in Naples, Nov. 17,
teacher. Works: Goffredo sotto le niura 1787, died in Paris, July 26, 1872. Dramatic
di Gerusalemme, cantata, Naples Maso il composer,

;
second son of the Prince of Colo-
Montanaro, opera, Bari, 1874 ; many songs. brano and Duke of Alvito first instructed ;
Fetis, Supplement, i. 150. by the organist Fazzi, then pupil of Fran-

CARACCIOLO, PASQUALE, IMarcliese cesco Ruggi, and of Fenaroli in harmony
d' Arena and Duca di Sorrento, flourished, and composition and in Paris of Cheru- ;
probably at Naples, about the end of the bini in counterpoint and fugue. He then
18th and the early part of the present entered the army and became an officer in
century. Amateur composer of church the guard of Murat, iu whose suite he took
of 1812, and
and chamber music. Works II ritorno, part in the Russian campaign
:
flnto pastore, was made chevalier of the Legion of Honour.

cantata for three voices II;
Napoleon he left the

do. L' amor costante, do.
; Coriolano, do. After the downfall of
;
music profession,
for four voices Cantata for tenor and bass army and took up
; ;
as a
do. for three voices, chorus, and orchestra, bringing out his
operas iu Naples, ISIilan,
performed at the Palazzo Calabritto, Naples, Venice, Rome, Vienna, and Paris, where he
;;; ;
CARAPELLA
settled in 1827. He was made a member of quiem ; Stabat Mater ; Ave verum, for ten-
the Institut in 1837, director of the Gym- or solo with chorus and orchestra Soli for ;
nase de musique uiilitaire iu 1838, aud pro- different wind-instruments, with orchestra.
fessor of comiôsitioii at the Conservatoire Clement, Mus. celebres, 3G8 Fetis do.. ; ;
ill 1840. Works Operas : H fantasma, Supplement, i. 1.51 ; Mendel ; Schilling.
giveu at Naples about 1802 II vascello CAItAPELLA, TOMMASO, born in Na-

;
d' occideiite, ib., Teatro del Foudo, 1811 ples about 1680, died (?). He was maestro
La gelosia eorretta, ossia Mariti aprite gli dicappella in his native city. "Works: Can-
Ocelli, ib., Teatro de' Fioreiitini Gabriella zoui a due voci (Naples, 1728)
; Miserere ;
di Vergi, Foiido, 1816 Ifigenia iu Tau- for 4 voices Peleo e Teti, cantata (1714)
ib., ; ;
ride, ib., Sau Carlo, 1817 Berenice iu Siria, Choruses for II Domiziano, a tragedy II
; ;
ib.,1818 Adi'le di Liisignauo, Milan, Scala, trionfo della eastita, oratorio (1715) Labat-
;
;
1817 Elisabetta in Derbyshire, Venice, taglia spirituale, oratorio.

;
Fefis Mendel. ;
1818 11 sacrifizio d" Epito, ib., 1819

;
I CAEAS.\LI, ODOARDO, born in Pisa, ;
due Figaro, ossia il Soggetto di una corn- Italy, lived in the first half of the 18th cen-
media, opera bufta, Milan, Scala, 1820 tury. He was maestro di cappella to the ;
Tamerlano (written iu Kome, 1822) La Princess Roccella. He produced an opera

;
capricciosa ed il soldato, ossia Un momento buffa which from its title seems to have been
di lezione, Eufeiuia di Messina, Kome. written in jJatois, Le Mbroglie d' Ammore,
1823 Abufar, ossia La faiuiglia Arabe, Najjles, 1736. Fetis, Supplement, i. 152.
;
Vienna, 1823 H sonnambulo, Milan, Scala,

;
CARASAUX (Carausaux), born in Ai-ras
1824 Aristodemo Gl'
;
Italici e gl' Indiani
;
about the middle of the 13th centurj'. Six
Jeanne Opera Comique, 1821
d'Ai-c, Paris, of his songs are extant, four of which are
Le 1822 Le valet de cbam-
Solitaire, ib., ;
in the MS. department of the National Li-
bre, ib., 1823 L'auberge supposee, ib.,
;
brary, Paris
Fetis Mendel. ;
1824 La belle au bois dormant. Opera,

;
CARAVANE DU CAIRE, LA, opera in
182.5 Sangarido, 3Ta><a)neUo, ou Le pecheur
;
three acts, textby Morel de Chedeville, mu-
napolitain, Opera Comique, 1827 La Vio- ;
sic by Gretry, represented at Fontaine-
letle (with Lebonie), ib., 1828 Jenny, ib., ;
bleau, Oct. 30, 1783, and at the Academie
1829 Le nozze di Lammermoor, Theatre
;
Royale de Musique, Paris, Jan. 15, 1784.
Italian, 1829 L'auberge d'Auray (with
;
Morel de Chedeville is a pseudonym for
Herold), Opera Comique, 1830 Le livre de ; the Comte de Provence, afterwards Louis
Termite, ib., 1831 L'orgie ballet. Opera,
;
XVni. The work, notwithstanding its
1831 ; Natalie, ou La laitiere Suisse, do., want of local colour', achieved a great suc-
(with Gyrowetz), ib., 1832 La iwiaon ; cess, being played more than five hundred
d'Edimbourg, Une jouruee de la Fronde, times. The overture was for a long time
Opera Comique, 1833 La grande-duchesse, ; a favourite, and the air "Victoire est a
ib., 1835 Thi'rese, ib., 1838
;
H uatale di ; nous " very popular.
Giove, cantata Achille e Deidamia, do.
; ;
CARBONEL, JOSEPH FRANgOIS
NARCISSE, born of French parents, in
Vienna, May 10, 1773, died at Nogent-sur-
Seine, Nov. 9, 1855. Composer, son of
Joseph Noel Carbonel, a well known tam-
bourine player, who was his first instructor ;
admitted to the ficole royale de chant, Paris,

at its foundation in 1783, studied the piano-
Soeur Agnes, ou La religieuse, Ip-ic scene ;
forte under Gobert, harmony and composi-
Messa di Gloria for 4 voices ; Messa di Re- tion under Rodolphe and Grosse, singing
268
;
CAPtCAKO
uuder Picciiiui and Guiuhanl and subse- Paris, 1785. Works: Quatre sonates pour
;
quenlly pupil of Eicber and Garat. He la Harpe, op. 1 Pieces pour la Harpe, op. ;
became a celebrated professor of singing, 2 Trois duos pour deux Harpes, op. 8 etc.
; ;
and ijublisbed some sonatas and instru- Fetis gives a list of 2 1 compositions, which in-
mental music, and some romances for the cludes symphonies for harp, violin, and bass
Fetis
;
voice. ; Mendel. concertos for liarp, two

two oboes, violins,
CARCANO, GIUSEPPE, born at Crema,
two horns, etc. Fetis; Gerber Mendel. ;
Lombardy, in 1703, died Dramatic com-

(*). CARDONNE, PHILIBERT, born in Ver-
poser, maestro di cappella at tlie Conserva- sailles in 1731, died ('?). Dramatic com-
torio degl' Ineurabili, Venice, in the library jjoser, pupil of Coliu de Blamont. When
of which many of liis MSS. are preserved. fourteen years old he composed a motet,
One of his cantatas, La concordia del tempo which was given at the court in 1745, and
colla fama, for seven voices and orchestra, in 1748, the psalm, Super flumiua Baby-
was performed by the scholars of the Con- lonis. He succeeded Berton, in 1777, as mu-
servatorio, and was given and published in sician to the King, a iiosition which he occu-
Venice, in 1740. His opera, Hamleto, was lîed until the Revolution. His pastoral,
given there in 17-12. Fetis ; Mendel. Amaryllis, was performed before the Queen
CARCANO, RAFFAELE, boru in 180C, in 1752. His opera, Omphale, given at the
died in October, 186-4. He received a free Acadeniie Roj-ale de Musique, in 1769, was
education at the Cathedral of Milan, and at not successful.
Fetis Mendel. ;
the age of eighteen was admitted to the CARDOSO, FRANCISCO MANUEL,

Ro3'al Chapel of tlie King of Sardinia, boi-n at Beja, province of Alentejo, Portu-
where he remained till his death. He was gal, about the end of the IGth century. He
a fine contrapuntist and a finished harmon- was a Carmelite monk and composer of
ist, and his works display great ability in church music. Works Missse 5 vocibus :
these departments but he was more cele- concert. (1G13) Missse sex vocibus concert.
; ;
brated as a singer of church music, which (1625) Magnificat sex vocibus concert.
;

he rendered in a grand style. Fetis, Sup- (1626) Misste de B. Virgine quaternis et;
plement, i. 152. sex vocibus, lib. 3 Livro que comprehende ;
CARCASSI, MATTEO, born in Florence tudo quanto se canta na semaua santa (Lis-
about 1792, died in Paris, Jan. IG, 1853. bon, 1()48). Fetis Mendel Vasconcellos. ; ;
Celebrated guitarist, excelling even Carulli CARDOSO, MANUEL, born at Fronteira,

in his playing. He perfected the fingering in 1569. He entered the Carmelite order at
and produced many new effects in guitar Lisbon in 1588, becoming its sub-prior and
playing. He was in London in 1822 and mestre de capella. Several of his works,
1820, and in Germanj' in 182-1, giving con- which are exclusively for the church, are
certs. He published about forty composi- said to have been published. Two of his
tions for the guitar, con.sisting of rondeaux, motets are given by Proske in the Musica
caprices, fantaisies, and studies. Fetis
Divina, ii., Nos. 5 and 33.
; Grove Slendel. ;
Mendel Schilling.
;
CARDUCCL GIOVANNI JACOPO, born
CARDENA, PIETRO LEONE, boru in at Bari, Kingdom of Naples, about the mid-
Palermo in the early part of the 18th cen- dle of the 16th century. Several of his
tury. Dramatic composer, whose opera, compositions are to be found in a collection
Creusa, was performed at the Teatro San entitled II Primo Libro a due voci di di- :
Samuele, Venice, in 1739. Fetis Mendel. vers! autori di Bari (Venice, 1585). Fetis
; ;
CARDON, LOUIS, born in Paris in 1747 Mendel Gerber. ;
died in Russia in 1805. Harji player. His CAEELIO, ANTONIO, born at Messina,
Methode pour la Harpe was jûblished in Sicily, 17th century. Violinist, and com-
3l
!
CAIIELLI
poser for bis instrument. His sonatas were His posthumous son, George Savile Carey
published in three j):irts (Amsterdam, 1710). (1743-1807), poet and dramatist, tried to
Fctis Mendel.
; substantiate his father's claim to its author-
CARELLI, BENJAlVnNO, born in Na- but the ques-
ship,
ples, May 9, 1833, still living, 1888. Pupil tion still remains
of the Naples Conservatorio, where he undecided. Henry
studied the pianoforte under Lanza, har- Carey is said to have
monj' under Parisi, counterpoint under committed suicide,
Carlo Conti, singing under Busti, and com- but this is doubtful.
position under Mercadante. Before leav- Works Musical
ing the Conservatorio he produced an over- dramas, etc. : The
ture. He afterwards taught singing and Contrivances, Lon-
composition, published a number1715
of vocal don,
Betty, ;
melodies, and wrote an ode-cantata for a 1732 Cephalus and v ;
national fete in 18G4. He has been j)ro- Procris, 1733 Tlie ;
fessor of singing at the normal schools since Honest Yorkshireman, 1735 Ntancy 1739 ;
1873, and at the Conservatorio since 187J:. Six cantatas (1732) The Musical Century ;
He is the author of several didactic works.

one hundred English ballads written and
Fetis, Supplement, i. 452. composed by himself (1739-40). He was
CARESANA, CRISTOFORO, born at Ta- the author also of plays and poems. Chajj-
rento, Italy, in 1(55.5, died in Naples in pell, Popular Music of Olden Time, 702 ;
1713. Organist of the Royal Chapel, Na- Grove Fetis Riemann, 147 Mendel Nau-; ; ; ;
ples, about 1680, and afterwards maestro of mann (Ouseley), ii. 914.
the Church of the Oratorians or Filippini. CARILLONNEUR DE BRUGES, LE
Chorou embodied in his "Principes de (The Bell-ringer of Bruges), opera-co-
Composition " exercises on all the intervals mique in three acts, text bj' de Saint-
by Caresana, and introduced a new edi- Georges, music by Albert Grisar, repre-
tion of his Solfeggi (Naj)les, 1680) at the sented at the Opera Comique, Paris, Feb.
Conservatoire. Works Motets, hymns, 20, 1852.
: The action passes in the Neth-
duetti da camera, published during his life, erlands during the revolt against the Span-
and many j\IS. works preserved in the Royal ish yoke. Matheus Clacs, the deaf bell-
Library, Naples.
Grove Fetis Mendel. ; ringer, recovers his hearing when he sees
;
CAREY, HENRY, born in 1685 (1692 ?), the standard of Brabant elevated on the
died in London, Oct. 4, 1743. Dramatic walls. The score, one of the best of the
composer, said to have been a natural son composer's, is full of dramatic sentiment
of George Savile, Marquis of Halifax pupil and lively inspiration.
;
One of the best of
of Olaus Westeinson Linnert, of Rosein- the airs is " Sonnez, mes cloches gentilles
:
grave, and of Geminiani. His instruction ah pour d'autres, sonnez " The piano-
! !
was limited, and he was obliged to teach for forte score is arranged by Vauthrot.
a living. He wrote many musical dramas CARISSIMI, GIACOMO, born in Ma-
which were popular in their time, but he is rino, near Rome, 1004 (according to Pito-
now remembered chiefly by his ballad, " Sally ni), at Padua, 1582 (according to Spiri-
in our Alley," and by the attempt to prove dione, Mattheson, and Fetis), died in Rome,
him the comiôser of " God save tlie King." 1674. Very little is known about his life,
Carey may have arranged and jjerhaps al- not even under whom he studied. De Fre-
tered this national air, and it is reasonably neuse's account, that he formed his taste and
certain that he first sang it in public, but style in Paris, is undoubtedly a myth. Caris-
the melody is i^robably older than his time. simi's first official position was that of maes-
CARLETON
tro di cappella cat Assisi, but a few years SOhneu) Judicium. Salomonis, oratorio,
;
later be obtained a similar post at the (ib., probably not by Carissimi, but by his
cburch of S. Apolliuaris at Rome, and most pupil Cesti) ; Jonaa, oratorio (ib.) ; Bal-
probably continued to bold it during tbe thazar, oratorio (ib.) ; Jonah, oratorio
remainder of his life. Gerber's assertion (London, Lamborn Cock). Detached pieces
that he was at one time maestro di cappella by Carissimi were published in Burney,
of tlie pontifical choir is unfounded. Caris- Hawkins, Kircher's " Musurgia," Rochlitz,
simi was, beyond doubt, the greatest of Ballard's " Airs serieux et a boire," Stevens's
Italian composers between Palestrina and "Sacred Music," Crotch's "Selections of Mu-
Alessandro Scarlatti. The facts that he sic," the " Fitzwilliams Music," and other
never wrote for the stage, and that he sjaent collections. Many MSS. have been lost, but
most of his life in directing a church choir an 8-voice Nisi Dominus and Lauda Sion
in Rome, have misled many persons into are in the Santini collection in Rome ; the
ranking him among the followers of Pales- Pontifical Chapel has a 12-voice mass on
trina. But with the Palestrina school he L'honmie armc (probably the last ever
really had no connection he was not a; written on that once favourite theme) the ;
classicist, but energetically followed the National Library at Paris has the following
lead of Cacciui, Peri, and Monteverde. His oratorios in MS. : La plainle des damncs
compositions belong distinctly to modern (very celebrated), de Job, Ezc-
L'histoire
music. Carissimi did more than any of his chias, Baltazar, David et Jonathas, Abra-
contemporaries toward perfecting the re- ham et Isaac, Jej)hte, Le jugement derniei',
citative ;he was also the first to develop the Le mauvais riche, and Jonas. The very
sacred cantata and the oratorio to the jjoint nearly complete collection of Carissimi's
where Handel and Sebastian Bach found works, made by Dr. Aldrich, is in the library
them when they applied themselves to this of Christ-Church College, Oxford. Fetis.
form of composition. He also did much in CARLETON, Rev. RICHARD, lived in
the elajujratiou of the orchestral accompani- England, beginning of the 17th century. In
ment in the stile concertante. Indeed he maj*
1601 he published a set of twentj'-one fi.ve-
be called the true father of the modern orato- part madrigals and he contributed the ;
rio. His style, if not so learned as that of the madrigal No. 8, Calme was the aire, to the
" great " Roman school of contrapuntists, " Triumphes of Oriana." Grove.
is farpurer and more facile than that of his CARLETTI, MATTHIEU CESAR, com-
more progressive contemporaries. To the poser of the 16th century. His songs for
emotional and dramatic power of Mon- eight voices are to be found in a collection
teverde and Cavalli he added a consummate lûblished at Antwerp by P. Phalose, called :
skill in counterjjoint, and he was one of Canzonetti alia romana da diversi excellen-
the first to reconcile contrapuntal writing tissinii musici a sei e otto voci (1606).
with modern tonality, and the more dram- Fi'tis ; Mendel.
atic spirit which began to show itself in CARLEZ, JULES ALEXIS, born at Caen,
music immediately after the establishment France, Feb. 10, 1836, still living, 1888.
of the tonal system. He was a most volu- Pupil of his father, a director of military
minous comjooser, but very little of his mu- music under the Empire studied the pi- ;
sic has been published. Published works : anoforte and the violin at the Conservatoire
2 collections of motets for 2, 3, and 4 voices of Caen, after leaving which he became oi-
(Rome, 1664, 1667) in the Santini Library ;
ganistof the church of Saint-Jean and teacher
Missse 5 et 9 vocum cum selectis He has composed considerable
can- of music.
tionibus (Cologne, 1GG3, church music and works for the pianoforte
1667) ; Jephte,
oratorio, his masterpiece (Mainz, B. Schott's and organ, but is best known by his writings
271
CARLIXE
on music, among which are :
" Les Mu- Terror. The name was probably derived
sieiens paysagistes " (1870) ;
" Grimm et la from the Sardinian town of Carmagnola,
Musique cle son temps " (1872); "Notices whence came most of the Savoyard boys.
Liographiquessur Aiigele Cordier et Yvonne The melody, thought by Gretry to have
Morel" (1873) " L'CEuvre d'Auber " (187-1)
;
;
been originally a Marseilles sailor song,
" La Musique a Caen de 1066 a 1848 " " Le ; was more probably a country-dance tune.
Chant de Guillaunie de Fecamj) et les mai- It was first adapted to a military' national
sons de Glastous" (1877). He was one of song written in 1792, but it was soon sung
the collaborators of Fotis' "Biographic Uni- to new words, beginning " Madame Veto
verselle des Musicians."
Futis, Supplement, avait promis," and ending with the refrain,
i. 153 Mendel, Ergilnz., 55.
; "Dansons la Carmagnole, vive le son du
!
CAKLIjSIE, opi'ra-comique in three acts, canon " the singing being accompanied
text by de Leuven and Brunswick, music with a kind of round dance. "When pub-
by Ambroise Thomas, represented at the lished by Frere in 1792 it contained thirteen
Opera Comique, Paris, Feb. 24, 1840. The stanzas. Many other songs were adapted to
Baroness de Montbreuse, jealous of the the tune during the revolution, and the air
actress Carline, who has turned the head has been introduced on the stage in many
of the Vicomte de Quiucy, her fiance, gets vaudevilles, etc. Its singing was prohibit-
up an intrigue of which she herself is the ed by the law of the 18th Brumaire, 1799.
dupe. The Vicomte gives all his posses- The tune is given in Grove, I. 315.
sions to the actress, together with a written CARMAN'S WHISTLE, THE, an old
promise of marriage, but Carline generously English air of the 16th century. It is found
refuses all. arranged for the virginal, with harmony and
C^LINI, ORESTE, born at Naples variations, by William Byrd, in " Lady
about 1800, still living, 1888. Dramatic Nevell's Virginal Book " (No. 34, fol. 149),
composer, pupil at the Conservatorio, Na- in the possession of the Earl of Abergavenny ;
ples; went in 1834 to Paris, and resided in the "Virginal Book of Queen Elizabeth"
there as a singing teacher until 1844, when (p. 106, No. 58), in the Fitzwilliam Mu-
he returned to his native country. Works seum, Cambridge and in " Will. Forster's
;
Operas Gioventu di Enrico V., given in

: Virginal Book " (p. 130), in Buckingham
Naples, 1821 I sposi fugitivi, ib., 1833
;
;
Palace. The tune is given in Grove, I. 316.
Solimanno II., Milan, 1844 Ildegonda, Flor-
; Burney, 89 Chappell, Popular Music
iii. ;
ence, 1847 Gabriella di Falesia, ib., 1865.

; of Olden Time, 137, 428.
Fetis do.. Supplement, i. 153 Mendel.
; ; CARMEN, opera-comique in four acts,
CAELOTTI, GAETANO, Italian com- text by Henri Meilhac and Ludovic Halevy,
poser, born in Modena in the first half of mu.sicby Georges Bizet, represented at the
the 19th century. He stiidied music at Na- Opera Comique, Paris, March 3, 1875 Vi- ;
ples, and on returning to his native city, enna, Hof-Operntheater, Oct. 31, 1875. Sub-
bi-ought out an opera buffa, Rita, Nov. jectfrom Prosper Merimee's romance of the
19, 1853. Fetis, Supplement, i. 154. same title. Scene in Seville, in 1820. Don
CARLSTADT, JOHANN, born at Vanern, Jose, a lieutenant, betrothed to Micaela, a
Thuringia, about the end of the 16th cen- beautiful village maiden, is fascinated by
tury. He is known as the composer of Carmen, a gipsy girl, and follows her to the
the following works Geistliche und Welt-
: haunt of the contrabandistas in the moun-
liche Lieder, mit 3, 4, und 5 Stimmen tains. But she transfers her affections to
(Erfurt, 1609). Fetis Mendel. ; Eseamillo, bull-fighter of Granada, which
CAEIMAGNOLE, LA, French revolution- arouses the jealousy of Don Jose and finally
arj" song, popular during the Reign of ends in his stabbing her at the bull-fight,
2'i2

;
CARMEN
as she greets with joy Escamillo's victory impersonation of the passionate and capri-
in the arena. cious, but fascinating gypsy of Merimce's
much ajsplauded, and she has
story was
Original Cast, 1875.
become almost identified with the char-
Carmen Mine. Galli-Marie.
acter. Carmen is the best of Bizet's works,
Micaela Mile. Chapuy.
and one of the best in the modern French
Frasquita Mile. Diicasse.
repertory. Among its noteworthy numbers
Mercedes. Mile. Chevalier.
are the habaiiera, " L" Amour est uu oiseau
:
Don Jose M. Lherie. the duet between Micaiila and

rebelle " ;
Escaiuillo M. Bouhy.
Don Jose, " Parle-moi de ma mere " the ;
Zuniga Î- Dufriche.

song of the gyj)sies in the second act, " Trin-
Morales iM- Duveruoy. the chorus, "Vi-
gles des sistres tiutaient " ;
Lillas Pastia M. Nathan. " Escamillo's song, with

vat le torero ! ; its
The part of Carmen was written origin- favom-ite refrain, "Toreador, en garde!";
ally for Marie Roze (now Mrs. Henry Ma- the duet between Carmen and Don Jose,
" Si tu m'aimais, lii-bas tu me suivrais "
the allegretto of Carmen, " Bel oificier " ;
the card-players' trio in the third act

Micaela's air, " Je vais voir de pros cette
femme " ;and the duet in the fourth act,
"Mais moi, Carmen, je t'aime encore."
Clement and Larousse, 836 Edwards, LjtI- ;
cal Drama, ii. 64 id.. Prima Donna, ii. 228.

;
CABMEN SECULARE, ode by Horace,

set to music by Francois Andre Danican
Philidor, London, 1779.
CARNABY, WILLIAjM, born in London
in 1772, died there, Nov. 13, 1839. Organ-
ist successively at Eye, at Huntingdon, and
in 1823 of Hanover Chapel, Regent Street,

London. Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1803, Mus.
Doc, 1808.Works: 12 collects for four
voices and organ Sanctus for five voices
; ;
6 canzonets for voice and pianoforte 6 ;
songs for do. Anthems

; Glees. Grove.;
CARNAVAL, scenes mignonnes sur qua-
tre notes, for pianoforte, by Schumann, op.
9, dedicated to Carl Lipinski, composed
1834-35. The theme of this work, consist-
Minnie Hauck as Carmen.
ing of twenty-one pieces, is a phrase of four
pleson), but she being prevented from ap- in German
notes, A, E-flat, C, and B, called
pearing in it on account of an engagement A, S (Es), C, H, thus making up the name
in England, the part was rewritten for of a town where Schumann's musical friend
Galli-Marie, whose voice had a more limited Ernestine von Fricken lived. In the entire
range. The opera was given in London, at collection of pieces there are only two that
her Majesty's Theatre, June 22, 1878, with contain no reference to these notes, and the
Minnie Hauck in the title-role, which she greater number are actually developed from
had pre\iously sustained in Brussels. Her them. The finale is the wonderful Marche
CARNAVAL
des Davidsbi'mdler centre les Philistins, in ton, two acts, Prussia, 1832. Carnival of
wLich the antiquated tune of the Grotssvater-Venice, English ojjera, music by Thomas
tanz is used to represent the enemies of Linlej', London, 1781.
El Carueval de
musical enliglitenment, and is laughed at, Venecia, Spanish ballet, by Nic. Manent,
attacked, and finally thrust ignominiouslj' Barcelona, about 1860. Karneval von Ve-
from the scene. Of all the comj)oser's pi- nedig, German opera, by Eeinhold Keiser
anoforte works, this is perhajis the most and Christian Grauptuer, text by Meister
popular its wonderful animation and never-
; and Kuno, Hamburg, 1707.
ending variety insure the production of its CAENAVAL DU PAENASSE, LE, ballet-
fuU effect, and its great difficulties make it hero'ique in three acts,with a j)rologue,
the best possible test of a pianist's skill and text by Fuzelier, music by Mondonville,
versatility. Maitland, 52 ; Schumann at the Academie Royale de
(Rit- represented
ter), Music and Musicians, 153. Musique, Paris, Sept. 23, 17-49. Mile Ca-
CAENAVAL A PAELS, for orchestra, by margo took the part of Teri^sichore.
Johan Severin Svendsen, op. 0. CARNAVAL ET LA FOLIE, comi'die-
CAENAVAL DES EEVUES, LE, pro- ballet in four acts, with a prologue, text by
logue in two acts and nine tableaux, text La Mothe, music by Destouches, first rep-
by Grange and Gilles, music by Oiienbach, resented at Fontainebleau, before the king,
represented at the Bouffes Parisiens, Paris, Oct. 14, 1703, and in Paris, at the Acade-
Feb. 10, 1860. The " Tyrolienne de I'ave- mie Royale de Musique, Jan. 3, 1704. It
nir," in this grotesque work, is very laugh- was reproduced in 1719, 1730, 1738, and
able. 1748.
CAENAVAL DE VENISE, LE, opera-bal- CAENAVAL, LE, opera-ballet in five acts,
let in three acts, with prologue, text by Re- by Moliere, Benserade, and Quinault,
text
gnard, music by Canipra, rejsresented at the music by Lulli, represented in Paris, Oct.
Acadcmie Royale de Musique, Paris, Feb. 17, 1675.
28, 1699. This work ends with a little CARNAVAL ROIVIAIN, LE (The Roman
opera in Italian, in one act, entitled Orfeo : Carnival), ouverture caracteristique, second
neir inferi. overture to Benvenuto Cellini, to be plaj'ed
CAENAVAL DE VENISE, LE, opera- before the second
act of the opera, by Hec-
comique in three acts, text by Thomas Sav- tor Berlioz, op. 9.
age, music by Ambroise Thomas, given at CAENEIEO, Fra MANUEL, born in
the Opera Comique, Paris, Dec. 9, 1857. Lisbon about 1650, died in 1695. Organ-
Lelio, by marrying Sylvia the actress, has ist, composer of masses, motets, responses,
incurred the displeasure of his family, and psalms, etc. Works Eesjionsorios e lic;o- :
particularly of Signor Palifornio. The lat- ens das Matinas de Sabbado Santo, a 2
ter has composed a violin concerto, which coros Resiônsorios das matinas de Pas-
;
Sylvia sings with great success at a concert, choa, a 2 coros Mi.ssa de defuntos, etc., a;
under the title Ariette sans paroles, and 2 coros Psalmos, motetes e vilhancicos a
;
thus wins his favour and pardon. The role diversas vozes. Machado, Bibl. Lusit., iii.
of Sylvia was written for Mnie Cabel, who 214 Fetis Mendel. ; ;
exhibited in the ariette the most brilliant CARNEVALE DI MILANO, IL, Italian
vocalization. The overture shows very opera, music by Pacini, represented at the
clever variations on Paganini's famous air. Teatro del Re, Milan, 1817.
II Carnevale di Venezia, Itahan opera, music CARNEVALE DI VENEZIA, a popular
by Pietro Guglielmi, London, 1770 by air, probably composed in Venice about the
;
Francesco Boyle, Milan, 1812 by Paolo end of the eighteenth centurj'. Pagauini
;
Brambilla, Turin, 1819 and by J. L. Eller- heard it on his visit there in the first quar-
;
274
;
CARNICEli
ter of this century,and made it known all 7,Intermezzo lirico, in C No. 8, Tarantella,
;
over the world by his burlesque variations. inC No. 9, Intermezzo scherzoso, in D-flat
;
It has been used as a theme by several com- No. 10, Galop, in F. Published by Bar-
posers, especially by Herz and Sehulhofif, tholf Senff (Leipsic).
whose variations and fantasias have been CAROLI, ANGELO ANTONIO, born at
very popular among pianists and Ambroise ;
Bologna, June 13, 1701, died in 1791. Dra-
Thomas has introduced it in his opera Le matic composer and organist pupil of Gi- ;
Caruaval de Venise, and Victor Masse in his rolamo Consoni and of Giovanni Antonio
La Reiue Topaze. Ricieri. He was maestro di cappella of the
CARNICEK, Don RAMON, born at Ter- Basilica of S. Stefano and of other churches
riga, near Lerida, Catalonia, Oct. 24, 1789, in Rome, and became substitute for Jacques
died in Madrid, March 17, 1855. Dramatic Caisar Predieri in 8t. Peter's, in 1741, and
composer and operatic conductor pupil in his successor in 1753. He was elected a
;
Barcelona of Francisco Queralt, maestro de member of the Accademia Filarmonica,

capilla, and of Don Carlos Bagner, first or- Bologna, and was principe of that body in
ganist of the Cathedi-al. At the time of 1732, 1741, 1755, 1760, 1767, and 1776.
Napoleon's invasion he went to the Balearic Works Amor nato tra ombre, opera,
1'
:
Islands and became organist and professor given at Bologna, 1728 ; Serenade Messe ;
of music, but returned in 1814. In 181G a 4 voci iîene, due con violini obligati, e
he visited Italy, in 1818 became conductor due con violini ad libitum (Bologna, 1766).
of the Italian Opera, Barcelona, and after Fetis ; Mendel.
several journeys to Madrid, Paris, and CARON, CA:MILLE, born in Rouen,
Loudon, was made director in 1828 of the France, March 10, 1825, died there, March
Royal Theatre, Madrid. He helped to cre- 11, 1886. He was a free pupil at the Rouen
ate the national or zarzuela opera, and wrote Cathedral in 1835, at the Paris Conservatoire
zarzuelas for it. He was professor of com- in 1840,and studied singing under Le Coup-
position at the Royal Couservatorio, Madrid, pey and Amedee Mereaux. He settled at
from 1830 to 1854. Works Adela de Lu- : Rouen, where he became a teacher. Works
signano, Elena y Constantino, Don Juan Operas Le Sergentde Ouistreham, opera- :
Teuorio, Colon, El Eufemio de Messina, comique, given at Rouen, 1863 Naissance de ;
given at Barcelona, 1818 Elena e Malvina, Boieldieu, ib., 1866

;
Le Trebuchet, opera- ;
Madrid, 1829 Colombo, ib., 1831 Iperme-

; ; coraique, ib., 1868. He wrote also choruses
nestra, Madrid and Saragossa, 1843 Is- ; for four maleamong which are La
voices, :
maila, ossia morte ed amore, Madrid, 1837. Saint-Jean d'ete Le chant des deruiers
;
He wrote a great deal of church music, Gaulois, etc.; and romances. La nuit, and A
amongst which is a mass for eight voices soixante ans, being the two best known and ;
and orchestra (1829-1842) he wrote many ; composed many jjieces for the pianoforte,
national hymns, and many popular melodies marches for orchestra, etc. Fctis, Sui^jjle-
and .Siânish chansons of singular character, ment, i. 154.

besides symphonies and music for the obse- CARON, FIRMIN, born probably in the
quies of Ferdinand VII.
Fetis Mendel. ;
Netherlands about 1420, died (?). Famous
CARNOVALE DI :\IILANO, IL, Ballabili contrapuntist of the 15th century, pupil
e intermezzi, for the pianoforte, by Hans of Binchois, or of Dufay, or of both. Of
von Billow, op. 21, dedicated to Siguora El- his compositions are preserved
only some
No. 2, masses in the A
archives of the Pontifical
vira Salvioni. No. 1, Polacca, in ;
Valzer, in B No. 3, Polka, in B

No. 4, Inter- Chapel, and
;
a chanson for three voices in
;
mezzo fantastico, in A minor No. ; 5, Qua- the National Library, Paris. Fetis ;
Am-
driglia, in E-flat ; No. G, Mazm-ka in D ; No. bros, II. 468.
2T5
;
CARO
CARO NOME. See Rigolelto. struction, particularly in regard to the ren-
CARPANI, GAETANO, boru about 1750, dering of his own compositions. About
died Cliurcb composer, considered one 1866 she went to Europe, and in Paris mar-
('?).
of the most profound contrapuntists of his ried Emile Sauret the violinist. She has
day. He was maestro di cappella of the travelled extensively, giving many concerts
Church del other Jesuit in various parts of America
Gesti, and of is living at ;
churches in Rome. Works

Three masses present (1888) in the United States. She
:
for three voices the psalm Dixit Domiuus, has published compositions for the piano-
;
for eight voices and orchestra Several mo- forte. Fi'tis, Supplement, i. 154.
;

tets for two voices Credidi fur four voices
;
CARRER, PAOLO, Italian dramatic
and orchestra Dixit for four voices Beatus composer, contemporary, history unknown.
; ;
vir for four voices, etc. Fetis Mendel. Works Operas Isabella d' Aspecco, pro-
;
:
CARPANI, GIOVANNI ANTONIO, lived duced at Corfu, 1854 La rediviva, Carcano ;
about the middle of the 17th century. He Theatre, Milan, February, 1856 Marco ;
published a collection of motets with the fol- Botrario, Siena, January, 1867, and Dante
lowing title Motetti a quattro voci, canto, e Beatrice. Futis, Supplement, i. 154.
:
alto, tenore, basso, col rivolto alia duodecima CARRETTI, GIUSEPPE MARIA, born
del basso in canto (Rome, IGGl:). Fetis
in Bologna, Italy, Oct. 10, 1690, died there,
;
Mendel. July 8, 1774. He wrote motets, masses,

CARPENTRAS. See Oenet. and other church music. Futis Mendel. ;
CARRARA, MICHELE, flourished in the CARTARI, Padre GIULIANO, Francis-

16th century. He lived in Rome till about can monk, maestro di cappella of the Mon-
1608. A
few of his madrigals are inserted astery of S. Francesco, Bologna, in 1588.
in the collection entitled De' floridi vir- Works Missarum quinque vocum, lib. i.
: :
;
tuosi d' Italia, il terzo libro de' Madrigali a Missiie e Motecta, 8, 9 vocum (Venice). Fe-
cinque voci, nuovamente composti e dati in tis Mendel. ;
luce (Venice, 1586). He sliould not be CARTELLIERI, CASIMIR ANTON,

confounded with Giovanid Michele Carrara, boru at Dantzic, Sept. 27, 1772, died at
didactic writer of the 15th century. Fetis Libcoves, Bohemia, Sept. 2, 1807. Son
Mendel. of Joseph Cartellieri, a celebrated tenor of
CARREIRA, ANTONIO, Portuguese the 18th century ; received his musical
composer of the 16th century, died at Lis- education in Berlin, and was until his
bon in 1599. He was mestre de capella to death Kapellmeister to Prince Lobkowitz.
Dom Sebastian and Dom Henry, Kings of His first work was an opera, Geisterbe-
Portugal. His motets, and a composition schwOrung, produced in Berlin in 1793.
entitled Lamentai;6es, are preserved in He went to Vienna and brought out there
MS. in the library of the King of Portugal. an oratorio, Gioas, re di Giuda, in 1795.
Mendel Schilling Vasconcellos, 37.
; ; Other works Contimar und Zora, cantata, :
CARRENO, TERESA, born, of Spanish Berlin, 1792 II Giudice nella propria causa, ;
parentage, at Caraccas, Venezuela, Dec. 22, do. Anton, ojieretta, given in Berlin, 1796 ; ;
1853, still living, 1888. Pianist; first in- II segi-eto, do. (1804) Per celebrare la fes- ;
structed by her father, Manuel Antonio tivita natale, oratorio (1806) Piirificazione ;
Carreno, a teacher of nnisic subsecjuently di Maria Vergine (1807) La lanterna ma-

; ;
for a short time a pupil of Julius Hoheni. gica, comic scene 7 masses 2 motets 4 ; ; ;
In 1862, when only nine years old, she symphonies 3 overtures 6 concertos ; ; ;
appeared as a concert pianist in New Notturno for 2 violins, viola, bass, flute,
York Gottschalk became interested in oboe, clarinet, bassoon, 2 horns, 2 trom-
;
her at this time and gave her some in- bones, and drums ; Quartets, songs, piauo-
876
CAETER
forte pieces, ami fourteen marches. Fetis ; God who, in sun-
for stringed instruments ;
Meudel ; Schilling. dry times, anthem for orchestra, ch(jrus,

CAKTER, GEORGE, boru London, iu quartet, and soli Psalm 122, anthem
;
;
Jan. 2(J, 1S35, Dramatic

still living, 1888. Nunc Dimittis, in D
The Lily Maid of As-
;
composer, pupil of Sir Johu Goss was or- ; tolat, I told you the winter would go,
ganist successively at St. Thomas's, Stam- love, four-part songs ; Breathe, Trumpets,
ford Hill, 1848 Christ Church, Camber-
; breathe, song ; and other music for the or-
well, 1850 Trinity Church, Upper Chelsea,
; gan and voice.
1853 St. Luke's, Chelsea, 18G0 and Mon-
; ; CARTER, THOMAS, born in Ireland in
treal Cathedral, 1861-70. He has per- 1735 (?), died in Loudon, Oct. 12, 1804.
formed on the organ iu New York, Boston Dramatic composer, pianist, and singer ;
(1865-67), Leijjsic, Berlin, Dresden (1871), studied music in Italy, went with an Eng-
and London (1871-73). Works: Siufonia- lish regiment as bandmaster to Calcutta,
cantata.Psalm 116, Royal Albert Hall, where he undertook the direction of the
1872 Evangeline, cantata, ib., and Crystal
; music at the theatre the climate proving ;
Palace, 1873 ; Tema con variazoni, for or- injurious to his health, he returned to Eng-
gan Grand festival march, for do.; Fair
; land, brought out several operas at the
Rosamond, opera Neroue, do. Golden ; ; Drury Lane Theatre, and iu 1787 became
Dream, opei'etta Songs and miscellaneous
; musical director of the Royalty Theatre.
works. Works Ojjeras: The Rival Candidates,
CARTER, HENRY, born London, given at Drury Lane, 1775 The Milesians,
in ;
England, March 6, 1837, still living, 1888. ib., 1777 The Fair American, ib., 1782 ; ;
Organist, brother of George and William The Birthday, Royalty Theatre The Con- ;
Carter pupil on the organ of Avigust stant Maid, ib.; Just in Time, Covent Gar-
;
Haupt, on the pianoforte of Ernst Pauer, den, 1792 Concertos, sonatas, and studies ;
and iu composition of Frederick Kiel, Fer- for the pianoforte. He is best known as
dinand Hiller, Sir John Goss, and Dr. Steg- the composer of "O Nannj', wilt thou gang
gall. At the age of nine he was organist at wi' me'?," and the naval song, "Stand to
Northchurch, England, and later at New- your guns." Fetis Meudel. ;
ington Butts, London when about seven- ; CARTER, WILLIAM, born in London,
teen he removed to Canada, and shortly af- Dec. 7, 1838, still Uv-
terwards was made organi.st of the Quebec ing, 1888. Church
English Cathedral. Subsequently he was composer, brother of
organist of the Church of the Advent, Bos- George and Henry
ton, of St. Stephen's Church in Providence, Carter, pupil of his
R. I., and in 1873-80 of Trinity Church, father and of Ernst
New York. In 1880 he became professor Pauer. He was organ-
of the pianoforte, voice, and organ, and lec- ist successively of
turer on music in the College of Music, Christ Church, Roth-
Cincinnati, which position he resigned in erhithe, 1848; Little
1883 to become organist and choirmaster S t a n m o r e hit- , W
of Plymouth Church, Brooklyn. Later he church, 1850 St. Mary, Newington, Sur- ;
was organist of the Forty-eighth Street Col- rey, 1854 St. Helen's, Bishopsgate, 1856 ; ;
legiate Church, New York. Mr. Carter has iu exchange with his brother Henry, of
given many organ concerts in New York, Quebec Cathedral, 1859, iu which year he
Brooklyn, Cincinnati, Pro\'idence, and Bos- conducted the largest Handel Festival ever
ton and vicinity, and ranks among the finest given in Canada organist of St. Stephen's, ;
organists in America. Works 2 quartets Westbourne Park, London, 1860 St. Paul's,
: ;
m
CAHTIEII
Ouslow Square, 18G8. He establisLed a CARULLI, GUSTAVE, born in Leghorn

choir of one thousand voices on the opeuing in Boulogne, April, 1877.
1797, died in
of the Koyal Albert Hall, 1871. ^Vorks Vocal composer, sou of Ferdinando Carulli.
:
Placida, cantata, 1871 Thanksgiving An- About 1835 he brought out in Italy an
;
them, 1872 Eepent ye, for the Kingdom ojjera, entitled Tre mariti. He also pub-
;
of Heaven, anthem Part-songs and songs. lished compositions for the pianoforte and
;
CARTIER, HENRI, French dramatic for the voice, in France, Italy, and Germany.
composer, contemporary. He is the author His trios for three voices are the best of his
of two operettas L'homme entre deux compositions. Fotis, Supplement, i. 155.
:

ages, produced at the Bouffes Parisieus, CARUSO, LUIGI, born in Naples, Sept.
May 6, 18G2 and, Le train des maris, text 25, 1754, died in Perugia in 1821. Dra-
;
by Emile Abraham, at the Atheut'e, Dec. matic composer, pupil of his father, a musi-
25, 1867. Futis, Supplement, i. 155. cian, and of Nicolo Sala. He was maestro
CARTIER, JEAN BAPTISTE, born in di cappella of the Cathedral of Perugia and
Avignon, May 28, 17(55, died in Paris, 1841. director of the public school of that city.
Violinist, jiupil of the Abbe Walraef and in
Works Ojjeras: II baron e di Trocchia,
1783 of Yiotti in Paris, where later he re- given in Naples, 1773 Artarserse, London, ;
vived in his playing and teaching the clas- 1774 II marchese villano, Leghorn, 1775
; ;
sical style of Corelli, Porjiora, Nardiui, and La Mirandolina, Trieste, 1776 La cafleti- ;
other great Italian masters. He was ac- era di spirito, Brescia, 1777 La virtuoso ;
companist to Marie Antoinette until the alia moda, II cavaliers maguifico, Florence,
Revolution. In 1791 he was engaged at 1777 La creduta pastorella, Rome, 1778; ;
the Opera as assistant leader and solo II tutore burlato, Bologna, 1778 La Fie- ;
player. He was also a member of Napo- ra, Rome, 1779 L' amor volubile, Bologna, ;
leon's private band under Paisiello, and, 1779 La barca di Padova, Venice, 1779
; ;
after the Restoration, of the royal band Scipione in Cartagine, II fanatico per la
until 1830. In his work, L'art du Violon musica, Rome, 1781 L' albergatrice vi- ;
(Paris, 1798 and 1801), he gives a compre- vace, Milan, 1781 H marito geloso, Venice, ;
hensive selection from the best Italian, 1781 II matrimouio in comedia, Milan,
;
French, and German masters, forming a 1782 L' inganno, Naples, 1782; La ge- ;
practical history of violin literature in the losia, Rome, 1783 II vecchio burlato, Ven-

17th and 18th centuries. "\Vasielew.ski, Die ice, 1783 Gli amanti alia prova, ib., 1784;
;
;
Violine und ihre Meister, 261 Riemann Gli scherzi della fortuna, Rome, 1784 Le
; ;
;
Mendel ; Grove ; Fetis. quattro stagioni, I puntigli e gelosie fra

CARULLI, FERDINANDO, born at Na- marito e moglie, Naples, 1784 Giunio ;
ples, Feb. 10, 1770, died in Paris in Feb- Bruto, Rome, 1785 La parentela ricono- ;
ruarj', 1841. Eminent guitar player, self- sciuta, Florence, 1785 Le sjiose ricupe- ;
taught, after first learning the violoncello rate, Venice, 1785 Le rivali in puntiglio,
;
under the instruction of a priest. In 1808 Venice, 1786 II poeta melodrammatico, Ve- ;
he went to Paris, where he obtained a rona, 1786 II poeta di villa, Lo studente ;
brilliant success in concerts. He pub- di Bologna, Rome, 1786 L' impresario ;
lished about 300 compositions, consisting fallito, Palermo, 1786 Alessandro nell' In- ;
of solos, duos, trios, quartets, concertos, die, II maledico confuso, Rome, 1787 Gli ;
fantasias, airs varies, etc., and a ]Method, amanti dispei-ati, Naples, 1787 I campi ;
which passed through four editions. He Elisi, Milan, 1788 L' Antigono, L' impru- ;
also wrote a treatise L'Harmonie appli- dente, Rome, 1788 La sposa volubile, La
: ;

quee a la Guitare (Paris, Petit, 1825). Fe- disfatta di Duntalmo, Le due sjDose in
tis; Mendel. contrasto, Rome, 1789 L' Amleto, Flor- ;
278
:
CAU\'ALII()
ence, 1790 ; Attalo, Rome, 1790 ; Gli aiiian- CASAJIORATA, LUIGI FERNANDO,
ti alia prova, Alessaudro iielF born at "Wiirzburg, May 15, 1807, died at
Milan, 1790 ;
ludie (with new music) II Demetrio, Venice, Florence, September, 1881.

; Dramatic com-
1791 La locaudiera astuta, Rome, 1792
; poser. He was a critical and biographical ;
Gli amanti ridicoli, ib., 1793 L' Antigouo, writer on the staifof the " Gazzetta musicale
;
L' oro non compra amore, Venice, 1794 II di Milano." His Iginia d' Asti, ojaera, was ;
Giuocator del lotto, Rome, 1795 La Lo- given in Bologna in 1838. He is the au- ;
doiska, Rome, 1798 ; La tempesta, Naj)les, thor also of compositions for the pianoforte
1799 ; La donna bizzarra, Le Spose dispa- and the harp, of arrangements of Bellini's
rate, Rome, 1800 Cimene, ib., and Donizetti's music, and of masses, motets,
; Azemiro e
1803 ; La ib., 1805 hynms, and duetti per camera. Fetis do.,
ballerina raggiratrice, ; ;
La fuga, ib., 1809 L' avviso ai maritati, Suiipk'ment, i. 157 Mendel, Ergiinz., 55
; ; ;
ib., 1810. Oratorios: Jefte, 1779 Giuditta, Riemann, 149. ;
Urbino, 1781 La scoufitta degli Assiri,

; CASANOVAS, Padre ANTONIO FRAN-
1793 H trionfo di David, 1791 Church CISCO NARCISO, born at Sabadell, Spain,
;
Music Messa de' morti

: Dixit Messe June, 1737, died (?). Organist, educated at
; ;
solenni, psalms, litanies, etc. Fi'tis the Convent of Montserrat.

He became one ;
Mendel ; Schilling. of the greatest organists of his time, not-

CARVALHO, JOiO DE SOUSA, flour- withstanding a physical defect in his hands.
ished in Lisbon about the middle of the Among his works, preserved in MS. in the
18th century ; Dra- was living in 1793. archives of his convent, are : A Benedictiis,
matic composer music in Najjles ; studied some very remarkable responses for Holy
with several other pensioned Portuguese Week, and a Salutaris for four voices, con-
musicians. On his return he was made sidered one of the best works of the kind
music teacher to the royal family at the ever written. Fetis, Supjilement, i. 158 ;
death of David Perez (1778). From 1769 Mendel, Ergiinz., 56.

to 1789 he brought out twelve operas, and CASATI, FRANCESCO, born in Milan
many and serenades, about the end of the 16th century. Oi--
pastorals, cantatas,
which were given at the court theatres, and gauist of Sta. Maria, Milan, and afterwards
at the palaces of Aguda and Queluz. His of S. Marco, Venice. Some of his works
reputation spread to Italy, where several of are in a collection made by Pietro Frances-
his best operas were played. Many of his co Lucino, entitled Concert! diversi, etc. :
songs were published in the Jornal de Mo- (Milan, 161G) and several of his pieces are ;
dinhas, a collection of songs.

Fctis, Sup- in Pergameni's "Parnassus musicus" (Ven-
plement, i. 155 Vasconcellos, 40. ;ice, 1615). Fetis IMendel. ;
CASALI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA, born CASATI, GASPARO, maestro di cap-

in 1730, died in Rome in 1792. Composer pella of the Cathedral of Novaro, Piedmont,
of church music, and one of the last who about 1650. Fetis quotes a list of his
wrote music for voices a cappella. He was works, among which are the following
maestro di cappella of S. Giovanni in La- Partitura sola de' sacri concert! a voce sola,
terano, Rome, from 1759 imtil his death. con il basso per 1' organo, op. 2 (Venice,
Works Campaspe, opera, given in Venice,
: 1641) ; 1, 2, 3, 4 voci
Motetti coucertati a
1740 Abigail, oratorio, Rome, 1770 three
; ; ed organo, con una messa a quattro, op. 1
other oratorios four masses motets, and ; ; (ib., 1643) II Terzo Libro de' sacri cou-
;
magnificats. A mass and four other pieces certi a 2, 3, 4 voci, op. 3 (Venice, 1642), etc.
by him are given by Liick (Samndnng, Fetis Mendel. ;
1859), and the second mass in Novello's CASATI, GIROLAMO, maestro di cap-
first volume is by him. Fetis Mendel. ; pella in Mantua about the end of the 16th
; ;
CASATI
century. Works : Harnionica? Cantiones a about 1800 ; Virginia, do., Milan, Scala,
1, '2, 3, 4 et 5 vocibus cum Missa, Magnif- 1812 Maria Stuarda, Florence, Teatro della ;
icat, Litauiis op. 3 Collection of masses, Pergola, 1813 Many masses, vespers, mo-
; ;
psalms, and vespers for 2, 3, and 4 voices. tets, psalms, etc. Fetis ; do., Supplement,
Fiitis ; Mendel. i. 158 ; Mendel.
CASATI, TEODORO,
born in Milan CASENTINI, MAESILIO, composer of
about 1630. He was
maestro di cappella madrigals and other vocal music, published
of S. Fedele, then of S. Sejjolcro, and or- at Venice in 1607 and 1615. He was maes-
ganist of Milan Cathedral in 16G7. Pic- tro di cappella at Gemona in 1607. He
ciuelli mentions several masses and motets wrote madrigals for five voices, and also
published by Casati, but gives no names Cantica Salomouis for sis voices (Venice,

or dates. Fetis Mendel. ; 1615). In the library of the King of Portu-
CASCIATmi, CLAUDIO, flourished in gal are the following Tirsi e Clori, Madri- :
the second half of the ISth century. He gali a cinque, lib. 3 and Madrigali a cin- ;
was chorister in the Church of S. Lorenzo que, lib. 5.. Fetis Mendel. ;
in Damaso, Eome. His best works, pre- CASINI, GIOVANNI MAEIA, born in
served in MS. in the libraries in Eome, Florence towards the close of the 17th cen-
are :Eequiem mass for three voices do. tury, died (?). Vocal and instrumental com-
;
for four voices ; Miserere for four voices ;

j)oser and organist. He studied in Flor-
Psalm, Dixit Domiuus, for eight voices ence and in Eome under Matteo Simonelli
Motets, Zacharise festinans descende, and and Bernardo Pasquiui, and then became
Angelus Domini, for eight voices. Fetis ;
organist of the cathedral at Florence. He
Mendel. had some talent, but was eccentric, and
CASELLA, a Florentine composer of the joined the ranks of some of the musical
13th century died about 1300 (?). He
; reactionists of the 17th century after the
was the first noteworthy Italian comj50ser example of Doui, Vicentino, and Colonna.
of madrigals, and is celebrated as the friend Works A book of motets for four voices :
of Dante, who immortalized him in liis without organ in the style of the old Eo-
great poem (" Purgatorio," ii. 91). Milton man school, called stile osservato (Eome,
also refers to him in his sonnet to H. Dawes. 1706) Eesponsori per la Settimaua Santa ;
Little is known of him, but he is supposed a 4 voci (1706) Motetti a 4 voci a cap- ;
to have been one of the authors of the Laudi pella and for the organ, Fantaisie e toc- ;
spirituali, a collection of canticles of never- cate d' intavolatura Pensieri per 1' orgauo ;
dj'ing beauty, though some of them are five in partitura (Florence, 1714). Grove
and a half centuries old. Fetis Mendel.
Fetis Mendel.; ;
CASELLA, PIETRO, born at Pieve (Um- CASOETI, ALEXANDEE, born in Co-

bria) in 1769, died in Naples, Dec. 12, burg, Germany, Nov. 27, 1830, died in Dres-
1843. Dramatic and church composer, den, Sept. 28, 1867. Violinist, pupil at the
pupil at the Conservatorio San Onofrio, Conservatoire, Brussels, of Meerts and de
Naples, of Giacomo Insanguine was suc- Beriot on the violin, and of Fetis in compo-
;
cessively maestro di cappella at different sition spent several years on concert tours ;
churches, and became professor of thorough in Italy, and was made professor of the Ac-
bass at the Conservatorio Reale San Pietro e cademia di Sta. Cecilia, Eome, in 1855.
Majella. Works : L' inuocenza conosciuta, Works : Maria, opera ; Four concertos for vio-
L' equivoco, opere buffe, given at Naples, lin with orchestra ; Several overtures Quar- ;
1798 Paride, opera, ib., Teatro San Carlo, tets for stringed instruments, etc. Mendel.
;

1799 ; II contento per amore, ojsera buffa, CASPAE, CHAELES, born in Coburg,
La donna di buon carattere, opera, Eome, Nov. 27, 1830. died in Dresden, Sept. 28,
sso
;
CASPERS
1867. Violinist, pupil at tlie Brussels Con- guitarist. He lived in Paris many years
servatoire. Among his works, wLich were of and more than two hundred
2'i'ljlished
gi-eat promise, are :Four concertos for violin, works, among which is a Method for the
several quartets, and an unpublished Italian Guitar, in two parts. Fetis.
opera, Maria. Futis, iSui)plement, i. 159. CASTELLO, DARIO, leader of tlie or-
CASPERS, LOUIS HENRI JEAN, born chestra of San Marco, Venice, iu the early
in Paris, Oct. 2, 1S25, Dec. 19, part of the 17th century. He is often des-
died tliere,
18G1. Dramatic pianist, ignated by the title of one of his works.

composer and
pupil at the Conservatoire of Zimmermauu Capo di compagnia di musichi instrumonti
;
studied harmony from 1813 to 1817, win- da fiato. Among his comjiositions are So- :
ning in 1845 the second, and in 1817 the nate concertate a quattro stromenti (2 parts,
first prize. He then studied counterj)oiut Venice, 1626-27) ; Sonate concertate in stile
and fugue under Halcvy, and obtained the moderno per sonar nel orgauo ovvero spiu-
Conservatoire pirize in 1819. Works etta con diversi stromenti (2 books, Venice,
Operas : Le chapeau du roi, opcra-co- 1629-1611 2d ed., 1658). Fetis Mendel.
; ;
mique, produced at the Theatre Lyrique, CASTELLO DI KENILWORTH, IL,

Paris, 1856 La charmeuse, do., BoufTes Italian opera, music by Donizetti, repre-
;
Parisiens, 1858 Dans la rue, operetta, ib., sented at Palermo, 1826. Called also Elisa-
;
1859 ; Ma taute dort, opera-comique, The- betta a Kenilworth.

atre Lyrique, 1860 ; La barouue de San CASTELLO, GIOVANNI, Italian harpsi-
Fi'ancisco, opei'etta, Bouft'es Parisiens, 1861 chord player, living at Vienna iu the early
Cousin Babylas, ib., 1861. He has also part of the 18th century. His works are
written choruses for the St. Cecilia Society. published under the follo\ving titles Neue :
Melodies, romances, preludes for the piano- Clavieriibuug, bestehend iu eine Sonata,
forte in the f ugued style, a bolero for piano- CaxH'iccio, Allemanda, Corrente, Sarabauda,
forte, nocturnes, and fantaisies, of which a Giga, Aria con xii. variazioni d' iutavolatura
complete list is given by Fetis. Fetis ; do.. di cembalo (Vienna, 1722). Fetis.
Supplement, i. 159 ; Mendel. CASTELLO, PAOLO DA, Venetian com-
CASSELL, GUILLAUME, born in jjoser, chorister of San Marco in 1670. He
Lyons, France, Oct. 12, 1791, died in Brus- produced an oratorio, II trionfo di David,
sels, Oct. 11, 1836. Vocal comjjoser and at Vienna (1683), of which he wrote both
tenor singer, pupil in Brussels of Georges the words and the music. Fetis Mendel, ;
Jadin, and at the Paris Conservatoire of ii. 337.

Garat, Talma, and Baptiste. He made his CASTIL-BLAZE, FEANgOIS HENRI
debut at Amiens, sang at the Opera Co- JOSEPH, boru at Cavaillon (Vaucluse), Dec.
mique, Paris, three years, and tiually went to 1, 1784, died in Paris, Dec. 11, 1857. Al-
Brussels, where, after playing live years, he though distinguished especially as a writer
retired from the stage in 1832. He be- on music, critic, and author and editor of
came professor of singing at the Brussels French versions of German and Italian ojd-
Conservatoire in 1833, and had many well- eras, he has also composed Pigeon vole, ou
known singers among his pupils. He wrote flvite et poignard (afterwards renamed La
romances and nocturnes a cantata for the colombe), comic opera, given at the Theatre
;
anniversary of the birth of Pierre Corneille desltaliens, 1813 Belzebuth, ouLesjeux du

; ;
a Messe solennelle (Brussels), and several roi Rene, grand opera, Montpellier, 1844 (?) ;

church pieces. Fetis Mendel. Choriste et liquoriste, opera-bouile, given
;
CASTA DIVA. See Ni,rma. in the provinces Mass for four voices and ;
CASTELLACCI, LUIGI, born in Pisa in chorus Motets, anthems, and other church ;
1797, died (?). Instrumental composer and music Quartets for violin Trios for bas- ; ;
281
CASTILLON
soon ; Sonatas Eomances, etc.
; Futis
Fetis is of oj)inion that he was iden-
; La- 1570.
rousse ; Mendel; Schilling. with Jean de Castro, but IM. de Bois- tical
CASTILLON DE SAINT-VICTOE, gelon, an authority quoted by Fetis, thinks
ALEXIS, Vicomte DE, boru in 1829, died not. His works were published between
in Paris, March 5, 1873. He resigned his 1570 and 1592, by Le Eoy in Paris, and by
commission in the army on his father's de Tournes at Lyons, and consist of nu-
death, and devoted himself to the study of merous songs, sonnets, and madrigals, in
music, for which he had always had a pref- and eight parts. One
four, five, six, seven,
erence. He was the pupil of Charles De- of these jjublications is called Chansons a
lious and Cesar Frank for the pianoforte, trois parties (Paris, 1580). Fetis.
and of Victor Masse for the theorj' of music. CASTEO, JEAN DE, born in Liege about
He left numerous works, including sympho- 1530, died after 1592 (?). Composer and
nies, quintets, pianoforte music, and songs. lutist, living at Lyons in 1570 ; maitre de
Fetis, Supplement, i. 159. chapelle to the Prince of Juliers in 1580.
CASTOR ET POLLUX, lyric tragedy in He wrote madrigals, odes, chansons, motets,
five acts,with a i^rologue in verse, text by published in several collections at Antwerp,
Gentil Bernard, music liy Kameau, repre- Louvain, Paris, Douai, Cologne, and Frank-
sented at the Academie Eoyale de Musique, fort ; several are preserved in the Munich
Paris, Oct. 24, 1737. This work, Eameau's Library. Fetis gives a full list of his works.
masterijiece, was reproduced in 1751. The Fetis ; Grove ; Biog. nat. de Belgique, iii.
beautiful dramatic air, "Tristes apprets, 374.

pales flambeaux," still forms part of the rep- CASTEOVILLAEI, Padre DANIELE,
ertory of the Societe des Concerts du Con- lived in Venice about the middle of the
servatoire. Candeille set Bernard's work to 17th centurj'. He was a monk of the Order
new music, preserving this air and some of of Cordeliers. Among his operas, all pro-
Eameau's choruses, which was performed duced in Venice, were : Gli avvenimenti di
at the Opera, June 14, 1791, and again in Orinda, La Pasifae, 1661 and La
1659 ; ;
1814 and in 1817. Louis XVL and Marie Cleopatra, 1662. Fetis Mendel. ;
Antoinette attended the opera for the last CASTEUCCI, PIETEO, born in Eome in
time at its representation on June 20, 1791. 1689, died in London in 1769. Violinist,
The same rewritten by Morel, and set
text, pupil of Corelli. He went in 1715 with
to music by Winter, was represented at the Lord Burlington to London, where he was
Academie Eoyale de Musique, Paris, Aug. leader of Handel's opera band. Among his
19, 1806, but without success. Castore e published works are two sets of solos for
Polluce, Italian opera, music by Bianchi, violin with thorough bass, and twelve con-
Florence, 1780 by Federici, text by Eo-
; certos for violins, which, though hardly
raanelli, Milan, 1H03. Kastor und Pollux, known, have great merit. His brother
German opera, text and nnisic by Vogler, Prospero (died, London, 1760), violinist
Mannheim, 1791. Lon-
in the orchestra of the Italian opera,
CASTEITIUS (Castritz), IVIATTHIAS, don, and for some years conductor of the
German contrapuntist of the IGth century. concerts at the Castle Tavern, published
He published the following works : Nova six solos for violin and bass. Wasielewski,
harmonia, quinque vocum (Nuremberg, Die Violine und ihre Meister, 56 ; Grove ;
15G9) ; Carmina quatuor vocibus concer- Eiemann, 150 Mendel. ;
tantibus Symbola princif)ium,

(ib., 1571) ;CAST THYBUEDEN UPON THE LOED.
4 et 5 vocum 1571). Fetis Mendel.
(ib., See Wirf dein Anliegen auf den Herrn.
;
CASTRO, JE.A.N, French composer of the CASULANA, MADDALENA, born in

16th century. He was living at Lyons about Brescia about 1540. Vocal composei-.
;
CATALANO
chiefly of madrigals, among wliicli are ments Concertinos for oboe, clarinet, and
: ;
Madrigali a quattro voci (Venice, 1568) II bassoon Quintets and quartets for string in-
; ;
secondo libro de' Madrigali a quattro voci struments Church music, and songs for one ;
(Brescia, 1593). Fetis Mendel. ; and two voices. Fetis Mendel Viotta. ; ;
CATALANO, OTTAVIO, bom Euua, at CATEL, CHARLES SIMON, born at

Sicilj', aljout the end of the IGth centmy, L'Aigle (Orne), June 13, 1773, died in Paris,
living in lOlG. Organist and church com- Nov. 29, 1830. Dramatic composer, \m\n\
poser, one of the first who made use of at the Ecole Royale de Chant, Paris, of Go-
the figured basso continuo in writing for bert on the pianoforte, and of Gossec in
the organ. He was maestro di cajipella of harmony and composition as early as 1787 ;
the cathedral at Messina. Two collections he became assistant professor at the same
of his motets were published (Rome, institution, and in 1790 accompanist at the
1609-1G16). There is a Beatus vir, for Opera and second conductor of the band
eight voices, in the library of the Abbate of the National Guard. At the reorgani-
Santini, Rome, and Bodenschatz has in- zation of in 1795 he
the Conservatoire
serted one of his motets for eight voices in was made professor of harmony, and in
Florilegium Portense. Fetis ; Mendel. 1810 inspector resigned in 1814. Mem- ;
CATALOGUE SONG. See Don Gio- ber of the Institut, 1815. He is more
vanni. important as a theoretician than as a com-
CATARINA CORNARO, Italian opera, poser, and his princi^Jal work is his "Traitc
music bj' Donizetti, represented at the San d'Harmouie " (Paris, 1802 translated by ;
Carlo, Naples, during the carnival of ISii. Lowell Mason, 1832 and by Sjêranza and ;
It was the last work of the comjioser, who Westrop, London, 1875). "Works Operas:
died the same year. Subject, the story of S(''miramis, given in Paris, Opera, 1802 ;
the famous Queen which Halevy L'auberge de Bagneres, Les artistes par oc-
of Cyprus,
had previously treated in La Heine de casion, ib., Ojjc'ra Comique, 1807 Alexandre ;
Chypre. Written originally for Vieinia, chez Apelles (ballet), 1808 Les Buyadcrex, ;
Donizetti's work was coldly received in Opera, 1810 Les aubei-gistes de qualite, ;
Naples, and it had no better success on its Oiêra Comique, 1812 Premier en date, ;
reproduction in 1845. It has not been per- ib., 1814 Le sii'ge de Mezieres (with Isou- ;
formed since. Katharina Cornaro, German ard, Cherubini, and Boieldieu), ib., 1814 ;
opera, music by Franz Lachner, first repre- Wallace, ou le menestrel ecossais, ib.,
sented in Munich, 1841. It had a con- 1817 Zirphile et fleur de myrte, Oj)e-
;
siderable success, and was given also in ra, 1818 L'ofiicier enleve, Opera Comique, ;
Vienna, Berlin, Frankfort, and Brussels. 1819 Marches, ;
CATE, ANDRIES TEN, born at Amster- overtures, sym-

dam, Netherlands, May 22, 1796, died there, phonies, hymns
July 27, 1858. Amateur dramatic com- for national fes-
poser, violinist, and violoncellist pujîl of tivals
; Sonatas, ;
Bertelmann on the pianoforte and in com- quartets, quintets, and other chamber mu-
position, of Teniers on the violin, and of sic. Fetis
Clement, Mus. celebres, 297 ;
Meyer on the violoncello. Works Seid Mendel Schilling Riemann.

: ; ;
en Palmire, Dutch opera, given at Amster- CATELANI, ANGELO, born at Guas-

dam, 1831 Constantiu, do., ib., 1835 Nu- talla, March 30, 1811, died at Modena, Sept.
; ;
ma Pompilius, do. 3 grand cantatas, and 5, 186G. Dramatic composer, pupil at Mo-
;
10 other cantatas for different voices and dena of Giuseppe Asioli on the pianoforte,
orchestra Overture for fall orchestra and and of Michele Pusco in harmonj' and
;
chorus Six patriotic songs, with instru- counteriioint, then at the Naples Conserva-
;
CATEXACCI
torio of Ziugarelli, Donizetti,and Crescen- servatoire, Brussels, 1847. Catarina Ho-
tini. He was maestro di cappella at the ward,acts, text by
Italian opera in four
theatre in Messina, 183J:-37, then city mu- Giacchetti, music
by Salvi, Milan, 1846,
sic director at Keggio, and from 1838 at Vienna, 1847 by Giuseppe Lillo, three acts, ;
Modena, where he afterwards became maes- Naples, 1849 by Antonio Laudamo, Mes- ;
tro di cappella to the court and of the sina, 1857 by Petrella, Rome, 1806 by ; ;
cathedral, and in 1859 was appointed as- Bezzosi, Catania, 1869.

sistant librarian of the Biblioteca Estense. CATONE IN IITICA (Cato at Utica),
He is more noted as a writer on the history Italian opera in three acts, text by Metas-
of music.
"Works Operas II diavolo im- tasio, first set to music by Leonardo Vinci
:
magiuario Beatrice di Tolosa (1840) Carat- and represented at the Teatro delle Damme,
; ;
taco, given at Modena, IS-ll. Church and Rome, during the carnival, 1727. Subject,

chamber music. Fctis Mendel Riemaun. the death of Cato scene in Utica. Char-
; ; ;
CATENACCI, Padre GIAN DOMENICO, acters represented Catone Cesare Mar- : ; ;
born in Milan in the early part of the IStli zia, daughter of Catone, secretly in love with
century, died there about 1800 an able Cesare Arbace, Prince of Numidia, friend
; ;
contrapuntist and celebrated organist. He of Catone and lover of Marzia Emilia, ;
published a book of sonatas in the fugued widow of Pompeo Fulvio, legate of the ;
stj'le for organ (Milan, 1791). He was a Roman Senate and lover of Emilia. The
good teacher and had several celebrated pu- name of Cornelia was changed to Emilia and
pils
Fetis Mendel.
;
that of Juba to Arbace bj' Metastasio, as
CATHALA, JEAN, maestro at the ca- better suited for music. The libretto has
thedral at Auxerre about the middle of the been set also bj' Giacomelli, Vienna, 1727 ;
17th centiuy. His works are as follows Leo, Venice, 1732 Johann Adolph Hasse,
: ;
Missa quinque vocum ad imitationem mo- Turin, 1732 Pietro Torri, Munich, 1736 ; ;
duli, Lsetare Jerusalem Missa quinque Vivaldi, Venice and Verona, 1737
;
Duni, ;
vocum ad irait. mod., In luce stellarum about 1738 Verocaj, Brunswick,

Italy, ;
(IGGG) Missa quatuor vocibus ad imit. mod.,

; Graun, Berlin, 17441743 Jommelli,
; ;
luclina cor meum, Deus (1678, second edi- Vienna, 1749 Ferrandini, Munich, 1758 ; ;
tion, the date of first not known) Missa Ciampi, Venice, 1750 Gassmanu, Vienna,
; ;
quinque vocibus ad imit. mod., Nigra sed about 1760 Majo, Naples, 1763 Johann ; ;
formosa (1078, there is not a white note in Christian Bach, Milan, 1758, Loudon, 1704 ;
this mass, on account of its title) Missa Piccinni, Naples, 1770 Ottani, Naples, 1777
; ; ;
quatuor vocibus ad imit. moduli, Nou recuso Andi-eozzi, Milan, 1782 Paisiello, Najjles, ;
laborem (1680) Messe syllabique en plain 1788 and Winter, Venice, 1791. The old-
; ;
chant, a quatre voix (Paris, 1083). Ft'tis.

est treatment of the subject is Catone il gi-
CATHERINE GREY, English opera in ovane, by Monari, given in Bologna, 1688.
three acts, text by Alfred Bunn, music by Others are Catone Uticensi, by Pollarolo,
Balfe, performed at Drury Lane, London, Venice, 1701 and Cato, German ojsera, by ;
May 27, 1837. The composer himself sang Reiser, text by KiJnig after Noris, Ham-
the part of the Earl of Hertford Miss burg, 1715. II Catone, Italian pasticcio,
;
Romer sang Elizabeth, and Mrs. Wood (Miss music by Handel, was given at the King's
Paton) Catherine Grey. This was the first Theatre, London, 1732.
of Balfe's operas on a purely English theme. CATRUFO, GIUSEPPE, born in Naples
Barrett, Kenney, Memoir, April 19, 1771, died in London, Aug. 19, 1851.
Balfe, 110 ;
123. Dramatic composer, pupil at the Conserva-

CATHERINE HOWARD, French opera, torio della Pieta de' Turchini of Tarentino
music by Litolff, reijresented at the Con- for basso contiuuo, of Sala for counterpoint,
;
CATTANI
Tritto for dramatic composition, ami La eras II conte di Castro La pieta di Sabi-; ;
Barbiera for singing. He went to M;ilta iu na II pellegrino Cajo Marzio Coriolano

; ; ;
1791, anil wrote two opere buffe, II cor- Quinto Lucrezio proscritto Geneviefa, ora- ;
riere, and Cajacciello disertore ( 1792 ). torio Church music. Fetis. ;

During the war in Italy be became a soldier CATTIGNO (not Catugno), FRANCES-
and took an active jjart in all tbe campaigns, CO, born in Naples in 1782, died there,
but returned to his musical avocations March 28, 1847. Dramatic composer, pupil
whenever the opjiort unity oftered. At the for fifteen years from 1793 at the Conser-
carnival of 1799 he produced II furbo vatorio delta Pieta de' Turchini, where his
contro il furbo, opera bufta, at Arezzo, uncle, Sylvestro Palma, was his teacher of
and wi'ote a Mass and a Dixit for four singing and composition. He became ma-
voices, with chorus and orchestra, for the estro di cajjpella to the churches of several
cathedral of that town, and composed convents at Naples, for which he wrote
for the Teatro La Pergola several musical many of his masses, etc. Among his com-
pieces which were introduced in operas of positions are several operas, three of which
other authors. On retiring from military were opere butle, written for the Teatro
service in 1804 he went to Geneva, and Nuovo, of Naples I due compari Le : ;
wrote a Christus factus est pro nobis, for stravaganze d' amore I tinti ammalati. ;
one voice and orchestra, for the Church of He rewrote the second for the Teatro San
I'Auditoire, and brought out at the theatre Carlo, for which he also wrote the cantata
four comic operas Clarisse, 180G La fee Partenope.
: ;Among his most important
Urgele, Paris, Geneva, 1807; L'a- church compositions are 3 masses for four
180.5, :
mant alchimiste, 1808 and Les aveugles voices and orchestra 2 Dixit Venite ex-
; ; ;
(le Franconville, 1809. In 1810 he went ultemus, psalm Laudate pueri, alia Pal- ;
to Paris to teach singing, and in 1811 estriua for four voices, composed for the
published a collection of Vocalises, which court at Lisbon Laudate pueri, for four ;
were adopted at the Conservatorio in voices and orchestra Miserere for three ;
Milan ; finally settled in London, Regina for one, two, and

in 183.5, voices ; Salve
as a teacher of singing.
Works Operas, three voices Credo for four voices with ;
all given in Paris L'aventurier, 181.3

: orchestra Ave Maria for three voices
;
; ;
Fclicie, ou la jeune fiUe romanesque, and Litanies for four voices De Profundis for ;
Une matinee de Froutin, 1815 La ba- three voices

; and orchestra Te Deum for ;
taille de Denain, and La boucle de che- the re-establishment of the health of Ferdi-
veux, 1816 Zadig, 1818
; L'intrigue au nand I.
; Lamentations for Holy Week ; ;
chateau, 1823 Voyage a la conr, 1825 Motets, and the oratorio. Ester ed Assuero.
;
Les rencontres (with Lemiere), 1828 Le Fetis ;

do., Suppli'ment, i. 160 JMendel. ; ;
passage du regiment, 1832. Other works CAULERY, JEAN, lived in Brussels in

:
Solfeges progressifs, 1820 Mi'thode de 1556.; He was maitre de chapelle to

Vocalisation (Paris, 1830) Many popular Catherine de' Medici.
; His songs are to be
songs, such as, L'infidelite dAnnette, La found in an exceedingly rare and valuable
declaration, Le gondolier, L'exile ; Many
Jardin musical, conte-
collection entitled :
cantatas, nocturnes, fantaisies for piano- nant plusieurs belles fleurs de chansons,
forte, etc. Fetis Mendel.; choisies d'entre les cBUvi-es de plusieurs
CATTANI, LORENZO, born in Tuscany, auteurs excellents en I'art de la musique,
flourished in the second half of the 17th ensemble le blason du beau et laid tant
century. Dramatic composer, Augustine projjice a la voix comme aux instruments.
friar and maestro di cajjpella at the Cathe- Le premier livre. En Anvers, par Hubert
dral of San Stefano at Pisa. Works Op- Waelrant et Jean Laet (without date). The
:
CAUKKOY
second book is entitled Jardin musical,
: flute obligee, ceuvre i (1801) Caprice pour
;
conteuant plusieurs belles fleurs de chan- le i)iauo, reuvre ii Sonates faciles pour le
;
sons spirituelles a quatre parties, composees piano (1802) ; Serenade pour piano, violon
par Maistre Jean Cautery, maistre de clia- et violoncelle Plusieurs pots-pourris, ron-
;
pelle de la Royne de France, et de plusieurs deaux, etc., pour piano seul. Fetis.
autres excellents autheurs en de mu-
I'art CAUSTON, THOMAS, born (?), died in
sique, tant propice a la voix comme aux in- London (V), Oct. 28, 1569. Organist, gen-
struments. Livre second. En Auvers, eliez tleman of the Chapel Royal during the
Hubert Waelraut et Jean Laet (without reigns of Edward VI., IMary, and Elizabeth.
date). Fctis gives a list of the composers, Some of his works may be found in Day's
all well known, whose songs are included. collections, published in London, 1560 and
Fetis. 1563. His style, remarkable for flowing

CAURROY, FRANCOIS EUSTACHE melody, resembles that of Orlando Gibbons.
DU, Sieur de Saiut-Fromin, born at Ger-
Grove.
beroy, near Beauvais, 1.549, died in Paris, CAVACCIO, GIOVANNI, born at Berga-
Aug. 7, 1609. He was a canon of the mo about 1556, died in Rome, Aug. 11,
Sainte-Chapelle and prior of Saint-A'ioul de 1626. He was a singer at the court of Mu-
Provins, and was a composer of great merit nich, and, after visiting Rome and Venice,
in his day, sharing with Lasso and Pales- maestro di cappella of the Cathedral of Ber-
trina the title of prince des professeurs de gamo. Called to Rome twenty years after-
musique. In 15G9 he was made director of wards to be maestro di cappella of S. M.
the king's band, and held that otKce during Maggiore, he remained there till his death.
the reigns of Charles IX., Henri HI., and He was one of the composers who contrib-
Henri IV. The post of surinteudant de uted psalms to a collection dedicated to Pa-
la musique du roi was created for him in lestrina (1592). Works Magnificats, all of
:
1599. He was awarded the prize of the which are mentioned separately by Fetis,
Puy de Musique, Evreux, in 1575, for a psalms, madrigals, etc. (Venice and Milan,
chanson, one in 1576 for a motet, and the 1581 to 1611). Some of his pieces are in
silver lute in 1583 for a chanson. Works Parnassus Musicus, Bergameno (Venice,
Missa pro defunctis, performed at the fune- 1615). Fetis Mendel. ;
rals of the kings of France until the 18th CAVALIERE ERRANT

E, IL (The
century, one copy only of which exists in Knight Errant), Italian opera, music by
the Bibliotheque National Preces eccle- Traetta, represented in Najjles, 1777, and in
;
siastic; ;Precum ecclesiasticarum, lib. ii. Paris at the Acadoniie Royale de Musique,
(1509) Fantaisies in 3, 4, 5, and 6 parts
; Aug. 4, 1779.
;
and Melanges de musique (Paris, 1610), CAVALIERI, EMILIO DE', born in Rome
from which Burney prints a Noel in four about 1550, died before the end of the 16th
lârts in his 3d volume. Du Caurroy has centurj'. A gentleman of good family, he
been credited also with the two aii-s appro- lived at Rome until called to the court of
priated by the Bourbons of France, Ghar- Florence, where the Grand Duke Ferdinand

manle Gabrielle and Vive Henri IV. Fetis do' Medici made him insiieetor-general of the
;
do., Supplement, i. 160 ; Mendel. arts and artists. Naturally endowed with
CAUSSI^ JOSEPH, born at Saint-Pons fine musical talents, he had studied coun-
(Herault), in 1774, died (?). Pianist, pupil terpoint, singing, and various instruments
of his father, a teacher of music in the from childhood up. He wrote madrigals,
collegiate school of his town. He went to and is especially notable for being one of
Paris and published there the following the first composers to write musical plays.
compositions :Sonate pour le ijiano avec He was thus the immediate precursor of
38C
;
CAVALIERI
Caccini and Peri, the real fouuJers of the di diversi accomodati per coucerti spirituali
opera. Althougli an iunovator in several con partitura (Louvain, 1616).
I
^Fctis ; Men-
ways, being the probable inventor of several del. '
vocal embellishmeuts, and of the figured CAVALLI (Pier-Francesco Caletti-Bruni),

basso continiio, he took no active part in the called FRANCESCO, born at Crema, near
famous Florentine music reform. He was Venice, 1599 or IGOO, died in Venice, Jan.
no frequenter of the house of Bardi, where 14, 1676. His father was maestro di cap-
the reform in question was principally Church of Sta. Maria in Crema.
pella at the
mooted, and the music of his plays II satiro The evident musical talent of the boy Fran-
and La disperazione di Fileno (brought cesco attracted the notice of Federigo Ca-
out at Florence in 1590) was wholly in the valli, Podesta of the Province of Crema,
traditional ma(lrigalesque(i.e., contrapuntal) and that nobleman became his patrquâk-
style. He did not live to hear a performing him with him on his return to Venice
ance of his last and most important work, a in 1616. Here he was soon known as
sort of dramatic oratorio, " La rappresen- "il Checco di Ca-Cavalli " (Franky of the
tazione del' aiiima e del corpo," which was House of Cavalli), and his real name was
given at Sta. Maria in Vallicella, Rome, in gradually discarded. He s tudie d, under
Februarj-, IGOO. In this work Cavalieri several masters, but especially under Monte-
shows signs of trying to imitate the new verde, whose greatest pupil and follower he
stile rappresentativo of Caccini and Peri became. He was one of the singers in the
indeed, he had heard the latter's opera choir of San Marco until 1640, when he
Dafne in Florence in 1594, and there can was appointed second organist on Jan. 11,;
be little doubt that, had he lived longer, 1665, he was made first organist, and on Nov.
he would have taken an active part in the 20, 16G8, maestro di cappella, which post
music reform which resulted in the estab- he held until his death. At his obsequies
lishment of the dramatic, monodic style, the choir of San Marco sang a requiem for
and, finally, in Monteverde's discover}' of choi-uses which he had written "for him-
the tonal system. Besides the works al- self." Cavalli was chiefly imjjortant as a dra-
matic two comj)oser the ;
stile rappresentativo of Cac-
^%4 ko A ^^fûÂi^^
really dramatic style, was
cini and Peri, which Monte-
verde had developed into a
ready mentioned, Cavalieri wrote a musical treated with still greater rliythmic^freecJam
j
drama, II giuoco delta cieca, which was by Cavalli, whose melodies were better de-
,
given in Florence in 1595.

Ambi-os, iv. fined and more graceful than his master's,
1.54, 182. and who even began to introduce passages
CAVALIERI, GIROLAMO, born about in imitative counterpoint into dramatic
the end of the 16th century.Organist and writing. Indeed, Cavalli left the opera in a
composer of church music and madrigals condition in which it needed only the genius
priest of the Armenian Congregation at of Alessandro Scarlatti to distinguish more
the Monastery of Saint-Damieu, Blontfort, sharply between the declamatory and the
Piedmont. Among his jiublished composi- more purely melodic portions, and thus fi-
tions are the following Nova metamorfose nally establish the definite forms of recita-
:
a quattro, lib. i. (1600) Nova metamorfose tive and aria.

; Cavalli's style was in general
a 5, lib. ii., con partitura (1605) Nova me- very simple, and noted for its truth and in-
;
tamorfose a 6, lib. iii.,basso princi- tensity of dramatic expressiveness.

col His
pale per 1' organo (Milan, IGIO) Madrigali harmony is often awkward, at times incor-
;
287
;
CAVALLINI
rect, but this was inevitable at a time when 38. Pompeo Magno, ib., 1666. Of these,
the true character of the receutly discovered Nos. 1, 3, 5, 9, 10, 15, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24, 26,
tonal system was not fully understood but 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 35, 36, and 37 are iu the ;
for strong emotional power and

Sau Marco, Venice Serse and
veracity of Library of ;
expression, with the simplest of means, he Artemisia are the composer's autograi)h.
has been seldom excelled. He was certainly Ambros, iv. 371.
the greatest dramatic composer of his day, GAVALLINI, ERNESTO, born in Milan,
and one of the greatest of all time. He was Aug. 30, 1807, died there, Jan. 7, 1874.
for a short time in the service of the Elector Clarinet player, jjupil of Cavalli at the
of Bavaria, and twice visited Paris, in 1660 Milan Conservatorio, solo clarinet at the
and 1662. He began to write for the stage Teatro Fenice, and later a member of the
in 1637, and continued to do so ujj to 1669. band of a Piedmontese regiment ; visited
Of Cavalli's church music a collection of manj- of the principal cities of Europe,
psalms, antiphoDS, and a mass was pub- and finally became professor at the Con-
lished at Venice, 1656, and some vespers servatorio of Milan, where he had many
for eight voices in 1675. The MS. of his celebrated
pupils. Works Concerto for :
requiem was in the Sautiui collection at and orchestra (Turin) Concerto for
flute ;
Rome. Works -Oijeras 1. Le nozze di : clarinet and orchestra, op. 4 (Milan) Chant ;
Tetide e di Peleo, Venice, 1639 ; 2. Gl' grec varie, clarinet, accompaniment of two
amori di Apolline e di Dafne, ib., 16-40 violins, viola, violoncello, and double-bass
; ;
3. La Didone, ib., 1641 i. L' Amore ina- ; 6 caprices for clarinet, etc. Fetis ; do.,
morato, ib., 1642 5. La virtii de' strali d'
; Supplement, i. 164.
amore, ib., 1642 6. Narcisso ed Ecco ira-
; CAVALLO, FORTUNATUS, born in the
mortalati, ib., 1642 7. L' Egisto, ib., 1643
; ;
Diocese of Augsburg in 1738, died in Ratis-
8. La Deidaiuia, ib., 1644; 9. L' Ormindo, bon, 1801. Violinist and organist ;
pujjil
ib., 1G44 10. La Doriclea, ib., 1645
; 11. ; of Giulini, Kapellmeister of the Cathedral
II Titone, ib., 1645 12. II Romolo ed il ; of Augsburg, and later of Riepel, a comjioser
Remo, ib., 1645 13. La prosperita infe-
; of Ratisbon. He became Kapellmeister of
lice di Giulio Cesare dittatore, ib., 1646 ;
the Cathedral of Ratisbon. Works Twenty :
14. La Torilda, ib., 1648 15. II Giasone, ib., ; masses, concertos for harpsichord, sym-
1649; 16. L' Euripo, ib., 1649; 17. La phonies, cantatas, etc. ; but, with the ex-
Bradamante, ib., 1650 18. L' Orimonte, ib., ; ception of two masses and several offer-
1650 19. L' Ori.steo, ib., 1651 20. Ale^-
; ; tories, all of his works were destroyed at
sandro vincitor di se stesso, ib., 1651 21. ; the time of the great fire iu Ratisbon in
L' Artemidoro, ib., 1651 22. La Rosinda, ; 1809. Fetis ; Mendel.
ib., 1651 23. La Callisto, ib., 1651
; 24. L' ; CAVALLO, WENZEL, born in Ratisbon
Eritrea, ib., 1652 25. Veremonda 1' Ania-
; in 1781. Fortunatus Ca-
Violinist, son of
zoiie d' Aragona, ib., 1652 26. L' Elena ; vallo, whom he succeeded as Kapellmeister
rapita di Teseo, ib., 1653 27. II Serse, ib., ; of the cathedral of Ratisbon a pujjil on the
;
1654, Paris, Nov. 22, 1660 (published by violin and in composition of Anton Joseph
Ballard, 1660) ; 28. La Statira, principessa Liber, first violinist and composer to the
di Persia, Venice, 1655 ; 29. L' Erismena, Prince of Thurn and Taxis. He wrote three
ib., 1655 ; 30. L' Artemisia, ib., 1656 31. ; masses, and some other church music, all
Autioco, 1658
ib., 32. Elena rapita di ; of which was destroyed in 1809 iu the con-
Paride, ib., 1659 33. Coriolauo, Parma,
; flagration at Ratisbon.
Fetis; Mendel.
1660 34. Ercole amante, Paris, 1662 35.
; ; CAVENDISH, MICHAEL, English com-
Scipione Africano, Venice, 1664 36. Mu- ; poser of the latter part of the 16th century
zio Scevola, ib., 1664 37. II Giro, ib., 1665 ; nothing is known of his life. He was one
28S
'
CA^ÊNE
cappella.
of the ten composers who harmonizecl the appointed imperial maestro di
"
\Vorks La Silfide, ballet, given at Padua,
times for Este's "Whole Booke of Psahus
:
1797. Russian operas Ivan Sussanina :
(1592) lie also published a set of Ayres for

:
;
Babylon The Phcenix The

four Voyces (1599), and contributed a mad- The Ruins of
; ;
Come, gentle swains, to the Triumphes

The Livisible Prince
Strength of Elijah ; ;
rigal,
of^'oriana (1001). Fetis Schilling.
;
The Three Hunchbacks Love's Post The ; ;
CAVERNE, LA, lyric drama iu three acts, Reign of Twelve Hours The Daughter of ;
text by Derey, music by Lesueur, repre- the Danube The Fugitive The Cossack
; ;
sented at the Theatre Feydeau, Paris, Feb. Poet The Unknown A New Embarrass-
;
;
15, 1793. Subject, an episode in "Gil ment. Les trois sultanes, French opera ;
Seraphine, daughter of II convito degli spiriti, Italian

monodrama,
Bias," in which
ballets, among which,
Count Alvar de Guzman, is captured by Munich, 1819 ;
Zephyr Vaudevilles, choruses,

bandits and taken to their cavern, whence Flore et ;
The and many Russian songs. Fetis Mendel.

she is finally rescued by Gil Bias. ;
this, the composer's best

brilliant success of CAZOT, FRANCOIS FELIX, born in
April G, 1790, died in 1858.
dramatic work, procured him his appoint- Orleans, France,
1804 at the Conservatoire iu
ment as professor in the Ecole de la Garde Pianist, pupil iu
La Caverne, text harmony of Catel, on the pianoforte of Prad-
Nationale, Nov. 21, 1793.
given the and in composition of Gossec and Fetis.
by Forgeot, music by Mehul, at her,
1795, treats of the He took the 1st prize in fugue and counter-
Opera Comique, Dec. 4,
same subject. point in 1809, and the 1st prize for piano-
CAVI, GIOVANNI, maestro di cappella forte in 1811. He was admitted to the In-
of the Church of S. Giacomo degl' Espa- stitut de France, and took the 2d prize in
"noli, Rome, in the second half of the 18th musical composition shared with Hurokl
;
century. He was the author of several the honours of the 1st prize iu 1812 for the
dramatic works, whose titles are not given. cantata, Madame de la Valliure. He after-
The Abbate Santiui's collection has the fol- wards went to Brussels and gave lessons
lowing church compositions by Cavi The : until 1821, when he returned to Paris, and
psalm Beatus vir, and a Laudate for four became professor of the pianoforte. He
parts, with orchestra another
;
Beatus vir published variations on the air, Au clair de
for three voices, with chorus and orchestra la lune (Brussels), and Methode elementaire

;
Two masses for four voices, with instru- de ijiano (Paris, no date). Fetis ; do.,
mental accompaniment. Fetis
Mendel. ; Supplement, i. 1G4.
C.A.VOS, CATTERINO, born in Venice CAZZATI, MAURIZIO, born in Mantua

Petersburg, April 28, about 1C20, died there in 1677. Organist
in 1775, died iu St.
1810. Dramatic composer, pupil of Fran- and maestro di cappella of the Collegiate
cesco Bianchi when only twelve he was Church of San Andrea, Mantua, and sub-
;
at Ber-
intrusted with conducting the rehearsals sequently maestro of the Cathedral
and wrote a cantata for the gamo, and of S. Petronio, Bologna, from
at the theatre,
entry of the Emperor Leopold
II. into 1657 to 1674. A severe criticism by Giulio
Venice he was
at fourteen elected organist Cesare Aresti, organist of that church, on
;
at San Marco, but resigned in favor of a a Kyrie written by Cazzati,

led to a violent
poor co-applicant. Another cantata, to quarrel and to Cazzati's resignation, and

cause of his death. His
celebrate the peace of Campo Formio, ob- was ultimately the
motets, cantate spirituali, etc., were
tained also a brilliant reception, and soon masses,
after he went to Germany, and thence to published in Venice, Bologna,
Mantua, and
St. Petersburg in 1798, where, after the suc- some were reprinted
in Antwerp, from 1G41
cess of his first Russian opera, he was to 1668. He!

wrote also Correnti e Balletti
CEBALLOS
a 3 e 5 stromeuti (Venice, 1C57). One
of di cappella and professor of singing at the
Lis motets, Sunt breves muncli rosse, was Academy, Florence. Among his composi-
printed in Profe's Geistliclie Concerten tions are four oratorios Saiil, David, San :
(Leipsic, 1G41).
Fetis Schilling.
; Benedetto, and Debora e Giale, all of which
CEBALLOS, FRANCISCO, born in Cas- were produced in Florence A Requiem, ;
tile (?), died iu Burgos in 1571. He was and a great deal of other church music. Fe-
maestro de capilla of the Cathedral of tis, SuiDplement, i. 165
Mendel, Ergiinz., 59.
;
Burgos, iu 1535. His comj)ositions are pre- CECCHINA, LA. See Buona figliuola.
served in the churches of Spain many of ; CECCHINO, TOMMASO, born in Vero-
his motets are iu the library of the Escorialna, lived about 1G20. Composer of church
and the archives of the Cathedral of Toledo. music, whose works are found in the cata-
The church of Nuestra Dama del Pilar, Sara- logue of the library of the King of Por-
gossa, possesses a fine mass by him, and in tugal, as follows : Missarum 3 et 4 vocum
Lira sacro-hispaua, bj' M. Hilarion Eslava, cum motetta 4 et 5 voc, lib. ii., op. 17 Ma- ;
there is a motet, Inter vestibulum, a work drigali a cinque, lib. i., op. 15 ; Missse 3, 4,
of great merit. Fetis, Supplement, i. 165 ;

5 et 8 voc, lib. iv., op. 22. Among other
Mendel, Ergiinz., 59. known works are Madrigali e canzonette :
CECCARELLI, EDOARDO,born at a 3 voci (Venezia, Giac. Vincenti, 1617).

Bevagna in the Pajxil States, died about Fetis Mendel. ;
the middle of the ITtli century. He was CECH, FRANZ XAVER, born at Horic,
ajipointed tenor in the Pontifical Chapel, Bohemia, Dec. 4, 1759, died at Milevsko,
Jan. 21, 1G28. He wrote many of the Latin ib., Aug. 29, 1808. He became contralto,
texts for motets, etc., and devoted much in 1772, at the Church of the Barnabites,
attention to the rules of prosody, and to Prague, where the director of the choir,
the accentuation and punctuation of the Johann Kutnohorskf Ijecame interested in ,
sacred text in church music. He was called him and superintended his musical and
upon by Pope Urban VIII., together with literary studies, and often confided the di-
Sante Naldiui, Steffauo Landi, and Gregorio rection of the church music to him. In
Allegri, to prepare an edition of the hymns 1780 he entered the Convent of the Premon-
of the Church, with all the old Gregorian strateusians, Strahow, was ordained priest iu
chants, as well as the more modern music 1787, and lived in the monastery until 1801,
by Palestrina and the great work jjrepared when he became jjastor of Bliihlhausen.
;
by these four distinguished men was pub- Works Te Deum for chorus and orchestra:
;
lished at Autwerj"), with the following title Credo, id. Messe solennelle
: Litanies
; ; ;
Hynmi sacri in breviario romano S. N. D. German dances for orchestra, and several
Urbani Vin, etc. (1G44). FOtis Mendel. sonatas for jjianoforte.
; xAll this music is in
CECCHELLI, CARLO, Roman musician, MS.Fetis Mendel. ;
flourished iu the 17th century. He is some- CEJKA (Czeyka), VALENTIN, born in

times erroneously called Domenico Cecchi- Prague iu 17G9, died (?). He was in the choir
elli. He succeeded Boneventi as maestro of St. James's as a child, and there learned
di cajjpeUa of S. M. Maggiore, Rome, 1G4G, to play on several wind instruments excel- ;
and resigned that position in 1619. In 1G51 ling on the bassoon, he was admitted to the
he published a book of masses, for four chapel of Count Pachta as solo player. He
voices, a cappella.
Fetis Mendel. ; went to Vienna in 1802, and became a
CECCHERINI, FRANCESCO, born in member of an orchestra in that citj', and
Florence in 1792, died there, Jan. 12, 1858. afterwards went to Naples and became band
Tenor-singer, pupil of the Abbate Filippo master to an Austrian regiment. He has
Allegri. He was court tenoi", and maestro written seven concertos for bassoon, and
290
;; ;;
CELANI
military marches which are still in MS. La secchia rapita ; L' ajo ncll' imbarazzo
Fctis ; Mendel ; Schilling. L' amore muto. He Sujjerbia e Vanita ;
CELANI, GIUSEPPE CORSO, was professor of singing at the Conserva-

lived in
the second half of the 18th centiu-y, succes- torio of Madi'id in 1834-38 he afterwards ;
sively in Rome, Parma, and Ancona, and lived at Bologna and at Milan, and finally
composed an oratorio, Ismaele ed Agar, went to Loudon as a teacher. Ricordi pub-
which was performed iu Rome. Other lished a collection of five of his ariettas,
works Santa Teodora, oratorio (1G88).
: four duets, and two trios, to words by Pe-
CELESTE AiDA. See Aida. polli, under the title of Serenate Romane
CELESTmO, ELIGIO, born in Rome in (Milan). Fc-tis IMendel. ;
1739, died at Liidwigslust, Mecklenburg, CELLIER, ALFRED, born in Loudon,

Jan. 14, 1812. Violinist, considered one of contemporary. Dra-
the best of his time. After travelling much, matic composer. Some
from 177G, he settled in 1781 at Ludwigs- of his songs and part-
lust as leader of the ducal baud. Six of his songs are very popular.
sonatas for violin and bass are iu Preston's Works : Sultan of Mo-
Catalogue (1797), and three duos for violin cha, operetta, London,
and violoncello (Loudon, 1798). FtJtis 1876; The Spectre
Mendel. Knight, do.; After All,
CELLARIER, HILARION, born at Flo- vaudeville, ib., 1878 In ;
rensac (Hurault), March 12, 1818, still living, the Sulks, oj)eretta, ib.,
1888. Dramatic composer, pupil of Pacini 1880 ; The Masque of

at the Conservatorio of near Pandora, text by Longfellow, Boston The-
Viareggio,
Lucca. When about twenty, he replaced atre, Boston, Mass., Jan. 10, 1881 Gray's ;
his master, who had fallen sick, in comjDos- Elegy, Leeds Festival, 1883 Dorothy, oper- ;
ing a mass, which was performed with suc- etta, London, 1886, Boston, Mass., Jan. 30,
cess iu the Cathedral of Lucca. Recalled 1888 Part-songs, songs, etc. Futis, Sup- ;
by family affairs he returned suddenly to plement, i. 16G.
France about 1842, and settled at Montpel- CELLINI, opera. See Benvenulo Cellini.
lier. Works : Don Japhet, opera ; La sec- CELLINI, FRANCESCO, born at Fermo,
chia rapita, do. (183G) ; I Guelfi, do. (1842) Italy, May 5, 1813, died there, Aug. 19, 1873.
Mass with grand orchestra (184.5), and other Singing teacher, pupil of his uncle, Agos-
church music Symphonies, quartets, j)ia- tino Cellini, and of Rafael Mouelli and Carlo
;
noforte-pieces, etc.
Fetis, Supplement, i. Morra. He then took lessons of Pilotti at
lti.5. Bologna, and on his mastei''s death went to
CELLI, FILIPPO, boru in Rome in 1782, the Conservatorio, Naj)les, where he studied
died iu London, Aug. 21, 1856. Of noble singing under Crescentini and composition
birth, he devoted himself to the study of under Zingarelli and Mercadante. On his
music, and was the composer of many suc- retui'u to Fermo, iu 1842, he was made ma-
cessful operas Amalia e Palmer Dritto e estro di cappella of the cathedral. In 1860
:
;
Rovescio, opera bufta, produced at the Te- he visited London, with his pupil Antonio
atro Ro, Milan, 1815 Amore aguzza F in- Giuglini, and remained there some time.
;
gegno, ossia Don Timonella di Piacenza, Among his scholars were Francesco and
ib., 1815 Emma (Bologna, 1822) II cor- Ludovico Graziani, Henri Fagotto, Mme
; ;
saro, Rome, 1823 II poeta al cimento, Morgiali, Mme Biancolini, Rodriguez, and
;
written for the fair at Rimini Le due du- many of the best operatic singers of his
;
chesse, Florence, 182G Ezio (1830) Me- day. His works consist of patriotic cho-
; ;
dea (Rome, 1838) Kicciarda (Naples, 1839) ruses used on several commemorations
;
; '
CELLOT
and of considerable churcli music, of which was a favourite role of Marietta Alboni,
there is no special list. Fi'tis, Siipph''- who always excited the greatest enthusiasm
ment, i. IGG. by her singing of Non piu mesta. The
CELLOT, HENEI, born in France about same subject is treated in La Cenerentola,
1835, still living, 1888. He has written a
few romances, and has brought out several
oj)erettas, among which are Dix contre un, :
Palais Koyal, 18C5 L'lle des singes, Eldo-

;
rado, 1868 L'amour charlatan, at the Folies

;

Marignj. Fi'tis, Supplement, i. 166.
CENDRILLON, opera-comique in one
act, text by Anseaume, music by Laruette,
rei^resented at the Opera Comique, Paris,
Feb. 21, 1759. Subject, the story of Cinder-
ella, from the tale by Perrault. The same
subject is treated in an opera in three acts,
music by Steibelt, given in St. Petersburg,
1809 and in the opera-comique in three
;
acts, text by Etienne, music by Nicolo Isou-

ard, represented at the Theatre Feydeau,
Paris, Feb. 22, 1810. It was reproduced
at the Opera Comique in 1815, with some
changes by Adam, but with little success ;
and again, Jan. 23, 1877, with a divertisse-

ment called Les Saisons, introduced in the
second act, the themes of which were selected Marietta Alboni.
by Theodore de Lajarte from the works of

LuUi, Destouches, and other old composers. music by Manuel del-Popolo-Vicente Garcia,
CENERENTOLA, LA, Italian opera, text given at the Park Theatre, New York, July
by Ferretti, music by Rossini, first rep- 13, 1827. Hanslick, Moderne Oper, 110 :
resented at the Teatro Valle, Rome, during Stendhal, Rossini, 184.

the carnival, Dec. 26, 1817 at the Iiing's ; CENTENNIAL HYMN, words by John
Theatre, London, Jan. 8, 1820 at the ; Greenleaf Whittier, music by John Knowles
Theatre des Italiens, Paris, June 8, 1822 Paine, oja. 27, composed in 1876. Sung at
and in New York, June 27, 1826. Sub- the opening of the Centennial Exhibition,
ject, an adaptation from Etienne's Cendril- Philadelphia, May 10, 1876.
lon, the story of Cinderella. It is a charm- CENTENNIAL INIARCH. See Grosser
ing work, with a light and graceful over- Feshnarsch. Wagner.
ture. Among its favourite numbers are CENTENNIAL ]MEDITATION OF CO- :
the air, "Miei rampolli," originally writ- LU^MBIA, cantata, words by Sydney Lanier,
ten for La Pietra del Paragone and used music by Dudley Buck, sung at the open-
second in La Gazzetta the duet, " Uu soave ing of the National Centennial Exhibition,
;
non so che " the duet, "Zitto, Zitto," taken Philadelphia, May 10, 1876. The text con-
;
from II Turco in Italia ; the bass duet, " Un sists of sixty-one lines, in eight stanzas of
segi'eto d'importanza " and the contralto unequal length. The autograph of the can-
;
aria "Non piii mesta." The principal part tata is owned by the Connecticut Historical
in Cenerentola, though generally sung by a Society, Hartford. Upton, Standard Can-
soprano, was written for a contralto, and tatas, 106 Atlantic Monthly, xxxviii. 122. ;
CENTO
Versailles, 1773,
CENTO, Padre GIOVANNI ANTONIO, music by Gretry, given at
17th century. He was a and at the Academie Royale de Musique,
ttouiished in the
music by Eu-
Franciscan monk, njaestro di cappella at Paris, May 2,
1775 operetta, ;
Padua, and afterwards, 1(560, at S. Prau- gene Moniot, Paris, 1868. Cephalus und
cesco, Bologna. He left a great deal of Procris, German opera, music by Bronner,
cliurch music in M8. Fctis Mendel. ;

Hamburg, 1701 melodrama, music by Ker-
;
pen, Mainz, 1792. Cephalus and Procris,

CENTOLANI, A:\IBilOGIO, Italian com-
He is author of the English opera, music by Henry Carey, Lon-
poser, contemporarj'.
opera, Isabella Orsini, producedthe don, 1733. Cephale, opera-ballet, music by
at
Versailles, 1710. Russian
Lugo Theatre, Sept. 17, 1867. Futis, Sup- Batistin Struck,
plement, i. 1G6. opera, music by Ai-aja, St. Petersburg, 1755,
CENTORIO, MARC ANTONIO, born at the first Russian opera.

Vercelli,end of the 16th century. Studied CE QUON ENTEND SUR LA MON-
poem, music by Liszt,
music at the Collegio degT Innocenti, and TAGNE, symphonic
composed at Weimai-, 1 856. It was inspired
counterpoint at Milan. After being or-
native by the poem of the same title by Victor
dained a priest he returned to his
town, and became canon and maestro di Hugo, which the

poet read from his manu-
of literary and artistic
cappella of S. M. Maggiore. He wrote many script to a circle
The impression it made upon
masses, vespers, and motets, which are pre- friends.
Liszt lasted for years, until he freed him-
served among the archives of his chapter.
made long from by this composition, which
In 1637 the court of Savoy a self it
stay at Vercelli, and Centorio was made became the

germ of his series of symphonic
director of the royal concerts, and pro- poems. Published by Breitkopf & Hiirtel

duced several of his symphonies. Fetis (Leipsic), F. Liszt, ;
Symphonische Dichtun-
Mendel. gen. No. 1. Ramann, 293.
CENT VIERGES, LES (The Hundred CERACCHINI, FRANCESCO, born at
Virgins), opt'ra-bouti'e in three acts, text Asiua Lunga, Tuscany, in 1748, died (?).
by Chivot, Duru, and Clairville, music by Maestro di cappella of the Cathedral of Si-
Charles Lecocq, first represented at the ena in 1736. He wrote much church nuisic,
Theatre de la Monnaie, Brussels, March and was a celebrated teacher of counter-
16, 1872. The libretto details the story point. Fetis Mendel.
;
of a hundred Englishmen, settled in an CERCIA, DOMENICO, born at Naples,

island called Isle-Verte, who, in want of flourished about the end of the 18th cen-
wives, make a demand on the admiralty tury. Dramatic composer, pupil of Fena-
for a cargo of virgins. The opera was given roli. Works Operas: Scipione in Carta-
at Naples about 1790 II servo
in Paris, at the Varicti's, May 13, 1872, and gine, given ;
trappoliere, ib., about 1795 L' equivoco

met with much success. ;
CEPHALUS AND PROCRIS. The le- curioso, opera buSa, ib., about the end of
gend of Procris or Procne, beloved by Eos, the 18th century; Le false magie per
and the recipient from Diana of the never- amore, do., ib., do.; La marinaressa di
delusi, ib., about
erring spear, with which she is at last ac- spirito, ib., do.; I vecchi
1796; Gli amanti in angustie, ib., do.; Ilo
cidentally slain by her husband Cephalus,
Neapolitan dialect, ib.; Lo
as related by Hyginus, Apollodorus, and Robbe vecchie, in
utruppecuso, do., ib.; La Pas-
Ovid, is the subject of several operas. Ce- matrimonio
phale et Procris, lyric tragedy in five acts, sione del Signore, oratorio
La disfatta de' ;
de Guerre, mori in Valenza, cantata La fuga ed il

text by Ducho, music by Mile la ;
3 cantatas for
represented in Paris, March 15, 1694 lyric trioufo di Davidde, do.
;
;
14 solemn masses
tragedy in three acts, text by Marmontel, Christmas Te Deum ; ; ;
393
;
CEIIECEDA
2 requiem masses ; Pastoral mass ; 4 mo- short time Kapellmeister at Presburg. He
tets, etc. Fetis. then proceeded to Pesth, where, inspired by
CERECEDA, GUILLER:\I0, Spanish the playing of the gypsy Bihari, he devoted
dramatic composer, koowu by bis zarzuelas himself exclusively to Hungarian music, and
or comic oiieras, produced at Madrid, as under the guidance of Lavotta became with-
follows Pascal Bailou
: Tocar el violon in a few years a composer and interpreter of
; ;
Pepe-Hillo ; Trayo Esperan- national melodies who, according to Count

; Mefistofeles ;
za, lyric and dramatic ballad, played at the Stephen Fay, the greatest connoisseur of
,
Zarzuela Theatre, 1872, where he was leader Hungarian music and its history, had no
of the orchestra.
Fc'tis, Sujipk'ment, i. 167. equal. A hopeless love for a high-born
CEREROLS, Padre JUAN, Spanish monk, lady impaired his mind, and, becoming mel-
living at the Abbey of Montserrat in the ancholy and finally insane, he wandered
last years of the 18th century. His works, through the country from place to place,
Ijreserved in the archives of that college, writing his finest comijositious, now in a
are mostly for ten voices. on the Puszta, now in the drawing-
Works : IMisa tavern
de batalla, a mass for three choruses and room of a magnate. The Hungarians call
twelve voices the psalms, Dixit Dominus, him their Beethoven.
;
Mendel Wurzbach. ^
Confitebor, Beatus vir, Laudate iiueri Domi- CERNOHORSKT, BOHUSLAV, born in

num, La;tatus sum. Nisi Dominus, Credidi Nimburg, Bohemia, second half of the 17th
the hymn, Ave Maris Stella, and the can- century, died in Italy in 1740. Organist,
ticle. Magnificat.
Fetis, Supplement, 167 monk of the Order of Minorites. He was
i.
;
Mendel, Ergilnz., 60. director of the choir in St. Ann's, Padua,

CERESINI, GIOVANNI, born at Cesena and had some illustrious pupils, among
about the end of the 16th century. Church them Tartini. On his return to Bohemia
comjjoser, author of the following works he was Kapellmeister at the Teinkirche,
:
Primo libro de' Motetti a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 e 6 Prague, and afterwards of St. James's.

voci (1617) Missa e Salmi a 5 voci, op. 3 Among his pupils in Prague were Joseph
;
(Venice, 1618) a second edition was pub- Seger, Czeslaus, Klaekel, Franz Tuma, and
;
lished at Venice (1623) ; Motetti e Litanie Christoph Willibald Gluck. He left in MS.
de B. V. a 2, 3 e 4 voci (Venice, 1638). much church music, which was nearly all
Fetis Mendel.
; consumed in the great fire in the convent
6eR]M.\K, ANTON, born in Bohemia in of his order in 1754. The organist Kii-
1750, died in Prague, August, 1803. Or- charz j)Ossessed in 1808 the motet, Laude-
ganist, pujjil of Seger in comijosition and on tur Jesus Christus, for four voices and or-
the organ. He was organist of the churches chestra. Fetis Mendel. ;
of St. Heinrich, and Maria-Schnee, and 6ERNY, DOmNIK, born in Nimburg,

subsequently of the Kreuzherren-Kirche. Bohemia, Oct. 30, 1736, died in Prague,
He composed concertos for the organ, which March 2, 1766. He was a singer when
he himself jilayed with rare ability. Fetis; quite young, in St. Egidius's, Prague, and
JNIendel. afterwards studied at the university, and
CERMAK (Csermak), Edler von Luid entered the Order of the Minorites. In
und Rohans, born in Bohemia in 1771, died 1760 he became director of the choir of
at Veszprim, Hungary, Oct. 25, 1822. Vir- the Church of St. James, Prague. His
tuoso on the violin and national composer, compositions are much esteemed in Ger-
appeared first in Vienna in 1798, and took many and are sung in all the Bohemian
his audienceby storm. Refusing a brilliant churches. Fetis, ii. 408 Mendel, iii. 48. ;
offer of the French ambassador to go to CERTON, PIERRE, flourished in the

France, he went to Hungarv, and was for a 16th century. One of the foremost French
;; ;
CERVETTI
contrapuntists of the first Imlf of liis cen- cinque voci, lib. ii., op. 3 (Rome, 1660), iu
tury choirmaster of the Saiute Chapelle du the National Library, Paris Motetti a 1, 2,
;
;
Louvre. Of his works, masses, magnificats, 3 voci con una Messa e Salve a 5 voci,
motets, psalms, and many chansons were lib. i., op. 2 (Rome, 1656) etc. Fetis ; ;
published in Paris, 1533-59. Fetis Men- Mendel. ;
del. CESSARO I SUONI. See Ernani.

CEKVETTI. See Geelmck. CESTI, MARC ANTONIO, born at
CESARE. See GiuUo Cesare. Arezzo (or Florence ?) about 1620, died in
CESAKE IN EGITTO, Italian opera, mu- Venice iu 1669. Dramatic composer, pupil
sic by Pacini, represented in Rome, 1822. of Carissimi. He was maestro di cappella in
The subject had been previously treated by Florence in 164:6, became tenor singer of
Giacomelli, Turin, 1735 and by Ercole Pa- the papal choir of Alexander VII., Jan. 1,
;
ganini about 1790. Cesare e Tolomeo in 1660, and was maestro di cappella to the
Egitto, music by Novi, represented in Italy Emperor Leopold I. in 1661-67. Although
about 1707. Cesare in Alessandria, music an ecclesiastic, he did much for the prog-
by Aldovrandiui, Naples, 1700. I'ess of the music drama iu Italy. He is
CESAKINI, CARLO FRANCESCO best known by which he

his cantatas, of
(called del Violino), born in Rome in 1G64. wrote many, preserved in the Music School
Violinist, musician at the Church of la Pi- at Oxford, the British Museum, and con-
eta, Rome, in 1700, and later maestro di tinental libraries.
Works Operas Orou- :
cappella of the Gesti. His works, all of tea, given at Venice, Teatro de' SS. Apos-
which are in MS., are as follows : II fi- toli, 1649 ;Cesare amante, Venice, 1651 ;
gliuol 2'rodigo, oratorio ; Tobia, oratorio in Dori, ossia Lo schiavo regio, ib., 1663 II ;
two parts II trionfo della divina j^rovi-

; 23rincipe generoso, 1665 Tito, Venice, 1666
; ;
denza ne' successi di Sta. Geneviefa, ora- Nettuno e Flora festeggianti, Vienna, 1666 ;
torio Credidi for eight voices

;
A mass ; Semiramide, Le disgrazie d'auiore, ib., 1667 ;
for eight parts. Fetis Mendel. La schiava fortunata (with Ziani) Vienna,
;
CESENA, GIOVANNI BATTISTA, born 1667, Venice, 1674 Argeue, Venice, 1668 ; ;
in the second half of the 16th century. Genserico, Ai-gia, ib., 1669 11 pomo d' oro ;
Franciscan monk in a monastery in the (iu the Imperial Library, Vienna), produced
Papal States. Works Messe e motetti a at the court of Leopold I. about 1669.
:
quattro voci, lib. i. (Venice, 1G05) Com- Some of his canzonets were ijublished by
;
pieta con litanie e motetti a otto voci (ib., Pianauo in a collection, Seelta di Canzonet-
1606) ; Salmi a quattro voci, etc. (ib., 1600) te de' piti rinomati autori (London, 1665)
Secondo lihro de' concerti, etc. (ib., 1606) and there is a solitary sacred motet, Non ;
Salmi intieri a cinque voci per i Vespri, plus me ligate, in the National Library,
etc. (ib., 1607) Messe, litanie, e motetti a Paris. Arie da Camera and the libretto of
;
cinque voci (ib., 1608) Salmi per Vespri a La Dori are in the Abbate Santini's collec-
;
quattro voci pari, op. 11 (ib., 1609) Mo- tion. Fetis Mendel Riemaun Schilling.
;
; ; ;
tetti a quattro voci (ib., 1610) ; Due Com- CEST LA CLOCHE DE LA TOU-
plete a quattro voci, etc., (ib., 1612) RELLE. Sec Dame blanche.
op. 15
II quinto libro de' concerti e motetti (ib., CEUPPENS, VICTOR, born in Brussels,
162 1). Fetis Mendel. ; July 28, 1835, still living, 1888. Organist,
CESI, PIETRO, born in Rome, flourished pupil of Goossens, Jourdan, Bosselet, Lem-
in the second half of the 17tli century. He mens, and Fetis. He has been organist suc-
was an ecclesiastic and maestro di cap- cessively of the churches of St. Joseph, the
pella in Rome. Works Messe a (juattro, Miuimes, and St. Catherine, and maitre de
:
con altre sacre canzoni a una, due, tre e chapelle of St. Boniface, as well as profes-
;
; :
CEVENIXI
sor at the music school of Saint-Josse-teu- the Academic Eoyale des Inscriptions. Fe-
Noode, io the envirous of Brussels. Among tis ; Burney, iv. G"21 ; Schilling.
bis comjjositions are: Several Masses, one CHABRAN, FRANCESCO, born in Pied-
of which, for four voices, was given, Jan. mont in 1723, died (?). Violinist and com-
14, 18()1 ; Ave Verum, for four voices ; and nephew of the celebrated
Sal- poser, pupil
ve Kegiua, with orchestral accompaniment Musician to the King of
violinist Somis.
Laudate Domiuum, chorus for i voices Sardinia in 1747, he went in 1751 to Paris,
;
Tautum ergo Pie Jesu O Salutaris, and where his talent was enthusiasticallj' recog-
; ;
a prayer and three Elevations for the or- nized. He possessed a wonderfully light
gan. He has also written several romances. and bi'illiant touch, and excelled in preci-
Fetis, Supplement, i. 108. sion and finish. Published works Three :
CEVENINI, CAMILLO, born in Rome works of sonatas, one of concertos for vio-
about the beginning of the 17th century lin, besides other compositions. Fetis.
called r Operoso by the Filomusi Academi- CHACONNE in D minor, in J. S. Bach's
cians. AYorks Coucerti notturui espressi second partita for violin solo one of the
: ;
in musica (Bologna, 1C3G) Epitalamiche most stupendous compositions in existence

;
serenate nelle nozze d'Anuibale IMarescotti, in the form of variations. Both Mendels-
e di Barbara Eangoni, applausi musicali sohn and Schumann wrote pianoforte ac-
(Bologna, 1G38). Fotis Mendel. ; companiments to it, and Rati' arranged it
CH.iBANON DE MAUGRIS, born in the for full orchestra.
Island of Santo Domingo in 173G, died in CHACUN LE SAIT, CHACUN LE DIT.
Paris, Nov. 17, 1780. Dramatic composer, See Fille du Regiment.
brother of Itlichel Paul Chabanon. He CHADWICK, GEORGE WHITFIELD,
served in the navy in his youth and de- born, of American
voted most of his life to literature and art. J^^^'^SjHJ^)) parentage, in Lowell,
Works : Alexis et Daphne', pastoral opera ;
f Wm Mass., Nov. 13, 1854,
Philemon et Baucis, heroic ballet ; Fugi- still living, 1888. His
tive pieces for the harpsichord, and the first musical instruc-
harp, with violin accompaniment. Fetis ;
tion was received from
Mendel. Eugene Thayer, Bos-
CHABANON, mCHEL PAUL GUIDE, ton. In 187G he
born in the Island of Santo Domingo in went to Olivet, Mich-
1730, died in Paris, July 10, 1792. Violin- igan, to teach in the
ist,and didactic writer. Destined for the musical department
church by the Jesuits who educated him, of the college there ; in 1877 he went to
he became an atheist, and gave himself up Europe, and studied two years in Leipsic
to the study of music. He became an ac- under Jadassohn and Reinecke after travel- ;
complished violinist after eight years' study, ling in Germany, he studied composition
and was second violin at the amateur con- and organ playing in Munich under Rhein-
certs given by Saint-Georges. He was berger for about a year. In 1880 he re-
made a member of L' Academic des In.scrip- turned to America and settled in Boston,
tions in 17G0, and of L'Acadumie Franjaise where he resides as a teacher and con-
in 1780. He wrote the words and music ductor, as organist of the South Congrega-
of an opera, Semele, which was received by tional Church, and as instructor in harmony
the Acadt'mie Roj-ale de Musique, but not and composition in the New England Con-
performed. Among the best of his works servatory of Music. He revisited Europe
are tlu'ee Memoires on the problems of in 1883," 188G, and 1888. Works Choral
Aristotle concerning music, published by The Viking's Last Voyage, for baritone solo,
CHAINE
male chorus aud orchestra, Boston, 1881 the action is largely carried on in
sedan- ;
Dedication Ode, for soU, chorus and orches- chairs.
tra, ib., 1884. For orchestra Overture to CHALET, LE, opi'ra-comique in one act,
:
Melesville, music by
Rip Van Winkle, Leipsic, 1879 Symphony text by Scribe and ;
No. 1, in C, Boston, 1882 Thalia, overture Adolphe Adam,

;
first represented in Paris,
1883 Andante Sept. 25, 1834. Subject from Goethe's Jery

to an imaginary comedy, ib , ;
orchestra, 1881 Symphony und Biltely, originally written for Kaiser.

for string ib., ;
No. 2, in B-Hat, ib., Dec. 11, 1885 Mel- The composer's most popular work. It has ;
pomene, overture to an imaginary tragedy, but three characters, which were

rejjre-
ib., 1887The Millers daughter, concert sented at its original pi-oduction by Mme
;
overture, San Francisco, 1888. Chamber Pradher, luchindi, and Couderc. Pougin,
music Trio in :C minor, Leipsic, 1877 Adolphe Adam, 90. ;
String quartet in G minor, ib., 1878 ;

do. in CHALLONER, NEVILLE BUTLER,
C major, ib., 1879 ; do. in D, Boston, Jan., born in London in 1784, died after 1835.
pupil of Dubroeck on
1888; Quintet for pianoforte and strings, Harpist and violinist,
in E-flat, ib., Jan., 1888. Songs aud other the violin. He made his debut iu 1793, be-
vocal music. came violinist at Covent Garden Theatre in
CHAINE, EUGENE, born at Charleville 179G, orchestra conductor at the theatre in
(Ardennes), Dec. 1, 1819, still living, 1888. Richmond, 1799, and soon after at
Birming-
Violinist, pupil at the Paris Conservatoire ham. In 1809 he became harpist at the
and of Clavel and Habeneck. He took a Italian Opera, London, and later a music
second prize for violin in 1839, and the first dealer. He published miscellaneous works
in 1810. For his compositions he was for harp and pianoforte, and methods for
awarded prizes in Holland, 18C4, at Bor- both instruments, and for violin. ilendel.
deaux, 18G6 and 1872, and in Florence. CHALON, FREDERIC, French flutist
Professor at the Conservatoire, Paris, since and oboe player-, contemporary. He was
1875. Works : Grand concerto for violin long a member of the orchestra of the
and orchestra or pianoforte Second con- Opera Comique, and was retired with a
;
certo, idem fik'gie for violin and piano- pension in 1821.

;
Works Airs nouveaux :
L'Insomnie, romance for do. La pour la flfite, ler et 2nie receuils G duos ;
forte ; ;
Eomanesca, caprice for do. Tarentelle for faciles pour deux flutes,
;
op. 2 G do., op. ;
do. Souvenirs de
;
Beethoven, fantaisie for 3 Deux suites d'airs en duos Valses et ; ;
violin with orchestra or pianoforte ISIass anglaises pour deux fliites; Methode pour ;
for 4 voices, chorus, and orchestra, perle flageolet Methode pour le cor anglais ;
formed at Poitiers, 18r)0 First symphony avec des airs et des duos Methode pour le
;
;
(18G4) ; Second do. (ISGG) ; Overture for hautbois a neuf clefs (Paris, 182G). Fctis ;
grand orchestra Stabat ; Mater (1872) Mendel. ;
Third concerto for violin About forty fan- CHALONS, CH.VRLES, lived at Amster-
;
taisie-caprices and morceaux de genre for dam about the middle of the 18th century.
violin with pianoforte. Fetis do.. Sup- Works
6 symphonies a huit part. (17G0) ;
: ;
plement, i. IGS Mendel do., Ergiiuz., 61. 6 sonates pour clavecin (Amsterdam, 1762).
; ;
CHAISES A
PORTEURS, LES (The Fetis.
Sodan-Chairs), opera-comique in one act, IPPOLITO, born iu CHAMATERO,
text by Dumanoir and Clairville, music by Rome in the first half of the IGth century.
Victor Masse, represented at the Opera He was maestro di cappella of the Cathedral
Comi(iue, Paris, April 28, 1858. An anuis- of Udine, in FriuH. Among his works are :
ing imbroglio between a tinancier, his wife, JIadrigali a quattro voci (Venice, 15G1) i
;
a danseuse, aud two gentlemen, in which Salmi coristi a 8 voci in due mute con 1
CHAMBER
Magnificat separate, in Venetia (1573). Fii- by Kistner (Leipsic), the accompani-
arately
tis ; Mendel. ment tilled out in a far more masterly style
CHAMBER DUETS (Italienisclien Kam- by Robert Franz.
merduette), music bj' Handel. There are cha;mbonnires, jacques cham-
in twenty-two of these, numbered in pion DE, flourished in Paris in the 17th
all
Chrysandei-'s edition as follows I. (A). Caro century, died about 1670.

: Organist, sou of
autor di mia doglia (Soprano and Alto). Jacques Champion and grandson of An-
I.(B). Caro autor di mia doglia (2 Alti). toine Champion, both celebrated organists.
I.(C). Caro autor di mia doglia (2 Soprani). He took the name of Chambonnieres from
U. Gill nei Tartarei regni (Soprano and his wife's estate, near Brie. He was first
Basso), ni. Souo liete, fortunate (Sopra- hai-psichord player to Louis XIV., and
no and Alto). TV. Troppo cruda, troppo formed the school of harpsichord players
fiera (Soprano and Alto). V. Che vai pen- which preceded Rameau. Among his pu-
sando, foUe jênsier (Soprano and Basso). pils were Auglebert, La Begue, and the
VI. Amor gioje mi jjorge (2 Soj)rani). VII. earlier Couperins. Published works Two :
Va, speme infida, pur, v;i, non ti credo (2 volumes of harpsichord music (Paris,
Soprani). VIII. A mirarvi io son intento 1G70) the first is in the Conservatoire
;
(Soprano and Alto). IX. Quando in calma Lib., the second in the Biblioth. Nat. Fe-
ride il mare (Soprano and Basso). X. Ta- tis Mendel.
;
cete, ohime, tacete (Soprano and Basso). XL CHAMPEIN, STANISLAS, born in Mar-
Couservate, raddoppiate (Soprano and Alto). seilles, Nov. 19, 1753, died in Paris, Sei^t.
Xn. Tanti strali al sen mi scocchi (Soj^ra- 19, 1830. Dramatic composer, pupil in
no and Alto). XTTT. Langue, geme, sos- Paris of Pecico and Chauvet. He became
pira e si lagna (Soprano and Alto). XTV. music-master at the Collegiate Church of
Se tu non lasci amore (Sojirano and Alto). Pignan, in Provence, when only thirteen
XV. Quel fior che all' alba ride (2 Soprani). years of age, and wrote a mass, a magnifi-
XVI. No, di voi non vo' fidarmi (2 Soprani). cat, and some psalms, which were given in
XVn. N", di voi non vo' fidarmi (Soprano the chapel of the college. In 1770 he
and Alto). XVIII. Beato in ver chi piio went to Paris, and had a motet and full
(Sojjrano and Alto). XIX. Fronda leggiera chorus performed in the Royal Chajiel at
e n:obile (Soprano and Alto). XX. Ahi, Versailles, which was rejjeated at the fete of
nelle sorti iimane (2 Soi)rani). Of these, St. Cecilia in the same year, with the addi-
I. (A) was written about 1707 ;I.(B) about tion of a mass, and from that time he be-
1740 the tliirteen including Nos. IIL-XIV. came one of the foremost musical compos-
;
and No. I. (C) were composed for the Prin- ers in France. His first dramatic work, Le
cess Caroline in Hanover in 1710-12, and soldat fran<;ais, was given by the comedi-
tlie text was furnished by the Abbate Orten- ans of the Bois de Boulogne, about 1780.
sio Mauri. They were published originally The following were given at the Theatre
by Arnold and, edited by Chrysauder, Italien, Paris Mila, 1780 La mi-lomanie,
; : ;
by the Hiindelgesellschaft (Leipsic, 1870). 1781 (this was his best) Le poOte suppose,
;
Nos. XV.-XX. belong to the years 1741-45. 1783 Le baiser, 1784 Les fausses nou-
; ;
The whole twenty-two duets and two trios velles, Les espiegleries de garnison. Bayard
(written in Naples, 1808) are edited by Chry- dans Bresse, 178G; Isabelle et Fernand;
sauder and published bj- the Hiindelgesell- Colombine douairii're, ou Cassaudre Leon- ;
schaft (Leipsic, 1880), the accompaniment to ore, on I'heureuse epreuve, Les dettes, 1787 ;
I. (C). filled out by Josej^h Joachim, that to Les noces cauchoises, 1790 Les epreuves
;
nearly all the others by Johannes Brahms. dn republicain, Les trois hussards, 1804 ;
v., Vn., X., and XIII., are published sep- Menzikofi', 1808 La ferme du Mont-Cenis,
;
398
;
CHAMPION
and Tacchiuardi), 1872 L' Idolo Cinese
1809 Les riviiux d'uu moineut, 1812 Le
;
;
j
lici, ;
portrait, ou la divinite da sauvage, Tlu'atre (with Tacchinardi, (Jiaklini, Felici, Usiglio,
de rOpora, 1791. Le nouveau Don (iui- and Bacchini), 1871 Le orfanelle, Florence,
;
1879 I pregiudizi della zia Teresa, ib.,

chotte, Thuutre de Monsieur, 178'J, was one ;
Ballets genio delle colline, Tea-

of bis best operas, but as at the Tlieiitre de 1880. : II
tro Pagliano, 1854 naufragio della fre-

Monsieur only works of Italian origin were ; II
La Peyrouse, 1859. Besides these,

allowed, he produced it under the name of gata ib.,
Zuccarelli, and even Italians were deceived. he has published church music, consisting
Les hussards en cantonnement, Opora Co- of masses, with orchestral accompaniment,
mique, 1817 Les ruses de Froutin, Thea-

;
etc. Fetis, Supplement, i. 169 Mendel, ;
tre Beaujolais Florette et Colin Les de-

; ;
Erganz., Gl.
guisements amoureux Le nianteau, ou les ;
a series of com- CHANDOS ANTHEMS,
From 1792 to 1804, having positions, music by Handel, written and
nitces rivales.
he did produced in the chapel at Cannons, during
accepted a government position,
new but he his residence there as musical director to
not bring out any operas,
wrote the following works for the Acade- the Duke of Chandos, 1718-20. They are
mic Royale de Musique and the Opera more properly choral cantatas, and
they
Comique Le barbier de Bagdad Diane et difler from

:
oratorios only
;
in wanting the
Eudymion Le trioniphe de Camille Wis- narrative element. Each one ;

is preceded
;
nou LV'ducation de I'amoiir L'iuconnu

;
; ;
by a regular overture and divided into a
Les metamorphoses, ou les parfaits amants series of airs and choruses, intended for
L'amour goutteux Le pei'e adolescent ; ;
performance by a band, choir, and solo-
Beniowsky Bianca Capello La paternite
; ;
singers. The MSS. of most of them are in
recouvi-ee Les Bohemiens, ou le pouvoir
;
Buckingham Palace. In 1789 Arnold pub-
de l'amour Le noyer Le tresor. La
; ;
lished twelve of them, as follows L I will :
chaise a porteurs, composed for the Prince magnify Thee. H. Let God arise (in A). '
de Conde, played at Chantilly by the Prince m." Let God arise (in B-flat). TV. Have
and Mademoiselle de Conde. Fetis do., mercy upon me, O God. V. O come, let
;
Supplement, i. 168 Mendel. us ;

sing unto the Lord. VI. O sing unto
CHAMPION, ANTOINE, French organ- the Lord a new song. VII. My song shall
reign of Henri IV. The royal be alway. VHI. As pants the hai-t. IX.
ist, in the
library, Munich, has a mass for live voices The Lord is my light. X. In the Lord put
and a book of organ-pieces by him in MS. I my trust. XI. O praise the Lord with
He was the grandfather of Chambonnieres one consent. XII. O praise the Lord, ye
and the father of Jacques Champion, organ- Angels. Rockstro, Handel, 10-i.
ist under Louis XIII. Fetis Mendel.
CHANDOS TE DEUM, two composi-
;
CHAAIPS, ETTORE DE, born in Flor- tions, music by Handel, produced in the
ence, Aug. 8, 1835, still living, 1888. Dra- chapel at Cannons, 1718-20. One of these,
matic composer and pianist studied the ; in B-flat, is for five voices, soprano, three
piano with Gioacchino Gordoni, harmony tenors, and bass ; the other, in A, for seven
and counter-point with Colsou, and compo- voices, soprano, two altos, tenor, and three
sition with Mabellini. He taught nnisic basses. The MS. score of the first is lost ;
successfully, pul)lished much for the piano- that of the second Buckingham Palace.
is in
and finally composed for the stage. They were first

forte, published by Arnold. Rock-
Works Opere buffe I tuttori e le pupille, stro, Handel, 106.
:
'
given at Florence, Teatro della Pergola, CHANDOSCHKIN, born in Russia ,
18G9 II Califlb, ib., 1870. Operette Gosto about 1765, died (?). A violinist, by whom
;
:
e Mea, La secchia rapita (with Gialdini, Fe- are the following works Six chansons :
CHANSON
russes, vark'es ponr violin, oji. 1. (1795) ;
violin, duos for two violins, and several so-
Six chansons, id. (St. Petersburg, 1706j. natas. Fetis :Mendel.
Fetis ; Mendel. CHAPERONS BLANCS, LES, opera-co-
CHANSON DE FORTUNIO, LA (For- mique in three acts, text by Scribe, music
tunio's Song), operette in one act, text by by Auber, represented in Paris, April 9,
Cn'mieux and Jules Servieros, music by 1836.
Offenbach, represented at the Bouffes Pari- CHAPPLE, SAMUEL, born at Crediton,
sieus, Paris, Jan. 5, 1861. founded on Devon, England, in 1775, died in 1845.
It is
the Chanson de Fortunio in Alfred de Mus- Organist, blind from infancy. He began to
set's "Chandelier," the music of which was study the violin at an early age, and when
composed bj' Otl'enbach in 1848. about fifteen received lessons on the piano-
CHANT bu
DEPART, LE, a French forte from Eames, of Crediton, a pupil of
national hymn, words by Marie Joseph Thomas, scholar of John Stanley, all three
Blaise de Chcnier, music by Mchul com- of- whom were blind organists.
; He was or-
posed for the fete on the fourth anniversary ganist of Ashburton from 1795 to 1835.
of the taking of the Bastille, July 14, 1794. Among his publications are the following :
It created a jirofound impression, was car- Three sonatas for pianoforte with accom-
ried by the military bands throughout Eu- paniment for violin Five songs and a glee, ;
rope, and exerted almost as great a political the words by A. G. C. Tucker Six anthems ;
influence as the Marseillaise. Of the several in score A second set of anthems in score ; ;
French national airs this is the only one A third set of anthems in score and twelve
written in the Reign of Terror.
Larousse, psalm tunes, and an anthem. Grove Fe- ;
iii. 939 ; Grove, i. 440. tis ; Mendel.

CHANTEUSE VOILÊ, LA (The Veiled CHARBONNIER, Abbe ETIENNE
Singer), opcra-comique in one act, text by PAUL, born at Marseilles, Dec. 19, 1793,
Scribe and de Leuven, music by Victor Masse, died at Aix, Oct. 7, 1872. Organist, pujiil
represented at the Opera Comique, Paris, of the Metropolitan Church of Aix, where
Nov. 26, 1850. Palamita, servant of the he was received as chorister in 1810. In
great painter Velasquez, veils herself and 1821 he was ordained a priest, was organist
sings in the plaza every evening to earn of the cathedral at Aix in 1822-67, and
money for the support of her master, who shortly after became honorary canon. He
has come to Seville very pooi*. Driven by made a study of the old Provencal music,
the persecutions of some cavaliers to seek and this gave a tinge to some of his own com-
refuge in his studio, he discovers her iden- positions, notably to a pastorale proven<;ale.
tity and, touched by her devotion, deter- He has published a volume entitled Noiils, :
mines to marry her. One of Masse's best Magnificats, Marche des Rois, arranged for
works. the organ and the harmonium. Otlier
CHAPELLE, PIERRE DAVID AU- works Fifty cantiques, forty motets, and :
GUSTIN, born in Rouen in 1756, died in other church music, two Passions, one for
Paris in 1821. Violinist and dramatic Palm Sunday, the other for Good Friday,
composer he played first at the Concerts with accompaniments of violoncellos, double-
;
Spirituels concertos of his own, and after- basses, and organ. Fetis, Supplement, i.
wards became violinist at the Comodie 169 Mendel, Ergilnz., 61. ;
Italienne. His operas were performed at CHARDAVOINE, JEAN, born in Beau-

that theatre, and at several others in Paris, fort, Anjou, about the middle of the 16th
but they are not remarkable La vieillesse century, living in 1576. Composer of sev-
;
d'Annette et Lubin (1789) was the only eral collections of songs with the following
successful one. He wrote six concertos for titles Recueil de chansons, en mode de :
800
CHARDINY
Copenhagen 18G1 Cromwell et Charles
de divers auteurs, avec la ;
vaudevilles, tir^-es
;: II., by Auatole Olivier, Pans, 1867.
musique de leur cbaut commuu (1575)
CHARLES YL, opera in five acts, text in
Kecueil des plus belles chansons
moderues
Delavigne,
mis en musique (Paris, 157G). Fctis
Men- verse, by Casimir and Germain
;
the Acade-
music by Halevy, represented at
del. March
LOUIS ARMAND, born m mie Royale de
ISIusique, Paris, 15,^
CHAKDINY,
1793. 1843. patriotic work, the libretto of
A
Rouen in 1755, died in Paris, Oct. 1,
as which deals with the English wars in the
Dramatic composer he made his debut
VI. of France, in which
;
in 1780, but time of Charles

a baritone singer at the Opera guardsman,
pure in Odette, the daughter of an old
though his voice was sweet and that of Joan of Aix.
of acting. plays a role similar
to
qualify, he never acquired the art situations
well written, the
He wrote the following operas for the Beau- The
libretto is
the mu-
Le pouvoir de la nature, La are dramatic and interesting, and
jolais Theatre :
sustained.
Le clavet;in, of beauties and well
1787 sic is full
ruse d'amour, 1786 ;
;
more than a hun-

Clitandre et Cepbise, 1788. For the Como- The opera has been given
die Italienne he wrote L'anneau
perdu et dred times.
retrouve, 1787. He wrote also the music CHARLOT, JOSEPH AUGUSTE, born
et Basile, in Nancy, Jan. 21,
1827, died in Sevres,
for a melodrama called Annette
music August, 1871. Composer, pupil of Zimmer-
and he was one of the first to set to Paris, where he
Galatoe, by man at the Conservatoire,
the two romances, Estelle and prizes. He
off many of the first
Florian. His oratorio, Le retour de Tobie, carried He took
1787. finished bis studies under Carafa.
was given at the Concerts Spirituels, when only
the first prize for solfege in 1838,
Fetis Mendel.
;
eleven years old ; second prize

for piano-
CHARKE, RICHARD, English violinist
in Jamaica about forte in 1839,
and the first in 1841 ; the
of the 18th century, died and accompani-
orchestra of second prize for harmony
1760. He was violinist in the prize for har-
and at the ment in 1841, and the first
the Drury Lane Theatre in 1735, an honour-
Dis- mony in 1842. He obtained also
same time actor and dancing master. Institut de France in
union with able mention at the
sipated habits and an unhappy and the
whom he 1846, the second prize in 1847,
ill-
the actress Charlotte Cibber, He was
treated, brought him into trouble,
which he cvrand prix de Rome in 1850.
at the Opera Comique,
to the West director of singing
tried to escape by emigrating
works, some of which,
He notable as the first composer of many
Indies in 1756. is
consisting of vocal melodies, choruses, etc.,
medley-overtures.
to compose the so-called
are in MS. M. Hartmann has published a
Hawkins Mendel.
;
his music entitled, Dix J\Ielo-

CHARLES n.. King of England, subject collection of Le geant, written to
of the following operas Karl H., music by dies, among them
:
words, a composition replete

Karl Blum, KOnigsberg, 1807 Charles the Victor Hugo's
;
i. 171.
Second, by Henry Rowley Bishop,

London, with inspiration.Fetis, Supplement,
CHARMANTE GABRIELLE, French
1824 Charles II., one act, by Jules Bovury,
attributed, both words and music,
;
King Charles the Second, two romance,

Paris, 1844 ;
Gabrielle is
acts, text by Desmond Ryan,
music by ]Mac- to Henri IV. The Charming
mistress of Henri,
farren, Princess's Theatre,
London, Oct. 27, Gabrielle d'Estrees, the
song to her in a letter dated
Advent- who sent the
1849 Ein Abenteuer Karl's H. (An to
when he was preparing

;
u....- May
uiuseuiiun, mu-
uy Mosenthal, ^.--v 21 [1597],
ure of Charles H.), text by
larles ii. l j' ,
tjinn.
.
,
against
.
the Span
.ic bv von Piittlin-ên, Vienna,
Jan. 13, leave for the campaign
k'ts I Fhu^h (Flight of Charles iards. The words of the four couplets were
!
1850 Bertaut, Bishop of

II rt'ext by Overskou,musicly
Eric Sivori,: probably wx-itten by
SOI
;
CIlARPENTlEPt
Seez, and tlie melody is supposed to be music by Mebul, first represented at tbe
older. Fetis attributes it to Eustaebe du Tbuatre Favart, Paris, May 1, 1797. Tbe
Caurroy, maitre de cbapelle to Cbarles IX., ojiera bas survived only in its magnificent
Heuri III., aud Henri
doubt- overture, wbicb was so entbusiastically re-
IV., but tbis is
ful.
Grove, i. 572 Larousse, iii. 1024. ceived at its first performance that tbe or-
;
CHAEPENTIEE, MAKC ANTOINE, chestra was obliged to repeat it a second

born iu Paris iu lG3i, died tbere, JMarcb, and a tliird time. At tbe Exposition uni-
1702. Dramatic comiôser, j)upil of Caris- verselle, Paris, 1867, it was played with
simi at Eome. He was maitre de cba- grand effect by three thousand musicians
pelle to tbe Daupbiu, under Louis XIV., under the direction of Georges Hainl, con-
and was displaced by Lulli, wbose rival be ductor of the Academic de Musique.
became, and wbom be sougbt to suriâss iu CHASSE, LA, 3 sonatas for pianoforte
dramatic composition. Disgusted witb tbe and violin, in C, F, and A major, by Johann
tbeatre, be finally turned bis attention to Ludwig Dussek, op. 8. Published by Breit-
cburcb composition, aud became professor & Hiirtel (Leijisic).
kojjf
of music in tbe Jesuit College, aud maitre CHASSE, LA, symphony for full orches-
de cbapelle of tbe Sainte Cbaiselle, a posi- tra, by Fran9ois Joseph Gossec. This work
tion wbicb be occupied until bis deatb. suggested to MehvU his Chasse du jeune
Works
Ojêras Circt', given at tbe Tbeatre : Henri.
de la rue Guouegaud, 1675 music to tbe ; CHASSE, LA (The Chase), symphony by
Malade imaginaire Les plaisirs de Ver- ; Josef Haydn,composed in 1781. The last
sailles La fete de Ruel (about 1690) Les
; ; movement, which gave tbe symjihony its
arts fiorissants, given iu Paris about 1673 name, was composed first, and formed the
Le sort d'Andromede (about 1670) Les ; introduction to tbe third act of Haydn's
fous divertissants, Comedie Franyaise, 1680 ;
opera, La fedelta premiata. Tbe first move-
Acteon Le jugement de Pan La cou-
; ; ment contains fine details ; tbe andante bas
ronue de fleurs La serenade Le retour ; ; a genuine folk-song theme, pervading the
du printemps Les amours d'Acis et Gala- ; whole movement. Iu tbe lively menuet
tee, 1678 Medee, 1693. Otber works ; : occurs a bassoon solo. The finale leads us
Several tragedies spirituelles, Jesuits' Col- to the bunting ground ; the horns resound,
lege ; Pastorales ; Motets, masses, etc. supported by the oboes, and the motives
Fetis ; Burney, iv. 607 ; Mendel ; Riemann, wander from instrument to instrument.
156. Before the repetition of tbe beginning, the
CHAETRAIN, N. , native of Liege, united attack of the instruments produces
died in 1793. Towards tbe close, oboes
Violinist at tbe Opera, Paris, a powerful eftect.
in 1772, and played one of more tbe princiisal bis own com- aud horns give out once
positions at the Concerts Spiritnels in tbe motive, then cease completely. The otber

same year. Works Operas Le Lord sup- instruments grow fainter, and gradually :
pose, played at tbe ComOdie Italienne, die away iu the distance. Haydn arranged
Paris, Feb. 22, 1776 Alcyone, about 1780. this symphony also for pianoforte, in which
;
Quartets for 2 violins, viola, and bass, op. form it was published by Artaria (Vienna).
1, 4, 5, 6 ; Concertos for violin, op. 2, 3, Pohl, ii. 191, 268.
7 ; Six sympbonies for eigbt parts, op. 6 ;
CHASSEUR DANOIS, LE, song for a bass
Six duos for violin and viola, op. 9 ; Six voice, witb pianoforte, by Hector Berlioz.
trios for two violins and viola, op. 10. Later addition to the Feuillets d' Album,
Fetis ; Mendel. op. 19 (Paris, Mayaud).
CHASSE DU JEUNE HENRI, LA, over- CHASTAN, JULES, born in Marseilles,
ture to tbe opera-comique, Le jeune Henri, April 30, 1837, still living, 1888. Dramatic
302
;
CIIASTILLON
composer, pupil at tlie Conservatoire of

CHAUMET, WILLIA:M, born in Bor-
Marseilles, and studied iu 185-4 in Italy.
deaux, April 26, 1842, still livmg, 1888.
Destined for a busi-
He brought out at Naples a mass, for which Dramatic composer.
On ness career, he saved enough from his al-
the King of Naples decorated him.
lowance to give himself a musical education.
his return to Marseilles he published sev-
and the voice, When twenty-three years old he wrote the
eral pieces for the pianoforte
operetta by Hippolyte Miniei-,
and brought out an opera, Don Jose de music to an
which was never produced.
Guadiaua, 1874. He wrote orchestral mu- entitled Coche,
drama, After this he published music for the violin
sic, a march, and a ballet for the
Mar- and the pianoforte, a quartet for string in-
Le roi Reue, which was produced at
Ee- struments, some romances, etc. In 1872
seilles. Among his publications are :
produced an opera-corn ique, Le pechc de

ceuil de dix melodies Souvenir de Koche- he ;
Chant cir- M. Geronte, at the Theatre Lyrique de I'A-

Heureuse, violoncelle et piano ;
1873 he wrote the mu-

cassien Chant d'automne Le gondolier thent'e, Paris. In
;
; ;
Adolphe Adam's Muhul chez Gluck,

La feuille envolee La mi-re du Cosaque ;
sic for ;
son which was not brought out owing to the

Les paquerettes L'hymne de I'enfant
;
a
rcveil, romances LY-mir de Bengador Pre-

;
closing of the Ath6nee in the same year he
;
;
mier nocturne Deuxieme nocturne

;
and produced Idea, at Bordeaux, and in 1875
;
several pieces of dance music.

Fetis, Sup- he received the prize of the
Institut des
His
Beaux-Ai-ts for the music of Bathyle.
plement, i. 173.
CHASTILLON DE LA TOUR, GUIL- style is modelled on that of Gounod and
LAUME DE, French musician, living at Bizet, whose sincere admirer he has always
Caen at the close of the ICth century. He been. Fetis,

Supplement, i. 174.
published a collection of airs and chansons CHAUVET, CHARLES ALEXIS, born
with the title Airs de I'invention de G. D.
:
iu Marnes, June 7, 1837, died in Argentan,
sur plusieurs Jan. 28, 1871. Organist, pupil at the Con-
C. Hr. de la Tour, de Caen,
recueillis de di- servatoire of Benoist for the organ, and of
poemes saints et chrutiens
Ambroise Thomas for fugue and composi-
vers auteurs et divises en trois livres L :
1859 he took the second, and in

De la grandeur de Dieu et de se rejouir en tion. In
Amour divin et du Mariage 18C0 the first, prize for organ. He was or-
lui ; II. De 1' ;
Thomas d'A-
TIT. Du Mepris du monde et de I'Esperance ganist of the churches of St.
en Dieu (Caen, 1593). were quin, of St. Bernard, and of St. Mery, and
These airs
in four parts, for tenor, counter-tenor, air,

was chosen organist of the Church of the
and bass. Fetis, Supplement, i. 173 Men- Trinity
when it was erected, in 18G9. He
;
was remarkable for his wonderful powers

del, Ergiinz., G2.
CHASTITY, THOU CHERUB BRIGHT, of improvisation. Works Vingt morceaux :
Han- pour orgue, en 4 suites Quatre morceaux

soprano air iu F major, of Daniel, iu ;
Quatre oflfertoires de
del's Susaima.
de genre pour piano ;
pour orgue sans pedales, ou

CHAULIEU, CHARLES, born in Paris, I'Avent a Noel,
Cinq d'album, idem
June 21, 1788, died in London, April 19, harmonium
feuillets ;
;
Quinze fitudes preparatoires aux reuvres de

1840. Pianist, pupil of Adam and Catel at
Noel a I'E-
the Conservatoire. He settled in London Bach, idem Cinq offertoires de ;
harmonium, idem
in 1840, as a teacher arranged a book of piphauie pour orgue ou
;
" L'Indispensable," a good elemen- Six pieces pour piano, eu deux cahiers,
studies,
tary work. Works : Sonatas, caprices, ; and many other pieces published in
idem
for pianoforte, and arrange- the Maitrise, and other collections of the
rondos, etc.,
'
same kind. Fetis, Supplement, i. 174 Men-

ments from operas.Fetis ; Mendel ; Schil- ;
':
del, Ergiinz., 62
;
Riemann.
ling.
303
; :
CHAUYON
CHAUVON, , French imisiciaii in the collection entitled Partimenti, is a ^York on
King's service, about 1740. He composed harmony. Fetis Mendel. ;
and published the following works Les CHEFDEVILLE (Chedeville),

: ESPRIT
charmes de I'harmonie, et les agrcments PHILIPPE, died in Paris, in 1782. He
ehampetres Le philosophe anioureux, can-
; was one of two brothers celebrated for their
tata Two books of pieces for the voice
; playing on the musette or French bag-pipe,
called Mille et un airs and a book of so-
; though his brother, Franyois, was much his
natas for the flute alone, with the title, Les inferior. He entered the orchestra of the
Tibiades. Fotis. Opera in 1725 and was pensioned in 1749.
CHAVAGNAT, ANNE PIERRE tDOV- Works Symphonies, duos jiour deux mu-
:.
in Paris, Oct. 17, 1845. A blind

ARD, born settes, livre 1 et 2 (Paris). Concerts cham-
musician, pupil at the National Institution petres pour deux musettes et basse, op. 3 ;
for the Blind ; and at the Conservatoire Recueil de vaudevilles, menuets, et coutre-
(186G), where he studied composition un- danses pour deux musettes (Paris). Fetis ;
der Victor Masst'. He obtained a third ac- Mendel Schilling. ;
cessit for fugue in 1867, the second accessit CHEIN, LOUIS, born at Beaune, about
in 1868, and the first later. Among his com- the middle of the 17th century. A chorister
jjositions are pieces for the voice and at the Sainte Chapelle of the palace, he be-
choruses with orchestral accompaniment came later its maitre de chapelle. He was
and a collection of vocal melodies entitled choir master of the Cathedral of Quimper-

Mignonne (Paris). Fetis, Supplement, i. Corentin in the last part of his life. Works
173. Missa quatuor vocum (1689) ; Missa pro
CHAVfiS, J , born at Montpellier, defunetis quatuor voc. (1690) ; Missa quin-
France, in 1770,died in Paris, in 1808. que voc. and Missa quatuor vocum (1691).
Violinist, pianist, and dramatic composer. Fetis Mendel. ;
He comjjosed the opera, Euee et Laviuie, CHELA RD, HIPPOLYTE ANDRii

at the age of fifteen his unusual talents JEAN BAPTISTE, born in Paris, Feb. 1,
;
bi'ought him into notice in Paris, but he 1789, died at Weimar, Feb. 12, 1861. Dra-
was an inveterate gambler and soon ruined matic composer, pupil in Paris of Fetis, and
all his j)rospects in life. He published so- at the Conservatoire of Dourlen and Gossec ;
natas and romances for the pianoforte and won the grand prix de Rome in 1811, and
wrote a book " Rudiment de musique par studied in Rome under Baini and Zinga-
:
demandes et reponses," which was published relli, and in Naples under Paisiello. On his
by Olivier and Godefroy (Paris, no date) return to Paris at the end of 1816, he en-
and at one time he served in that jûblish- tered the orchestra of the Ojêra as violin-
ing house as proof-reader, ha\'ing dissipa- ist. Disappointed at the small success of
ted the entire fortune brought to him by his Macbeth, he went in 1827 to Munich,
his wife. He ended his life by throwing where the same opera, in part rewritten,
himself into the Seine.
Fetis; Mendel. obtained a complete success, and Chelard
CHECCHI, RANIERO, born at Pisa, in was appointed Hof-Kapellmeister. In 1829
1749, died at Leghorn, about 1815. Dra- he went back to Paris and established a
matic composer, received his first musical music store, which was ruined by the out-
impressions from Giovanni Gualberto Bru- break of the revolution in 1830, causing his
netti, and finished his studies under Orazio return to Munich. In 1832-33, he conducted
Mei, maestro of the cathedral at Leghorn, the German opera in London, and in 1836,
where he afterwards lived. He wrote several left Munich, having been appointed Hof-
operas, among them L'eroe ciuese, and pub- Kapellmeister at Weimar. In 1852-54 he
lished a great deal of church music. His lived again in Paris. Works Operas La :
3C4
; ;
CHELLERI
casa vendere, opera biiffa, given at
da 1721 ; Zenobia e Radamisto, Venice, 1722 ;
Naples, 1815 Macbeth, Paris, 1827

; La ; Amor della patria, 1722. A book of canta-
table et le logement, comic opera, ib., 1829 ;

tas and airs (London, 1726). A book of
Mitternacht, Munich, 1831 Der Student, ; sonatas and fugues for the organ and harp-
ib., 1832 Die Hermanusschlacht, ib., 1835
; ;
sichord (Cassel, 1729) Psalms, masses, ;
Der Scheibeutoni, comic opera, Weituar, serenades, oratorios, trios, nocturnes, sym-
1842 Der Seekadett, do., ib., 1844 Le phonies, ouvertures, all published in Ger-
; ;
Aquile romane, Milan, 1864 Solemn mass many. Fetis Mendel Riemann Schilling.
; ; ; ;
Cantatas, choruses, etc. Fetis ; do., Sup- CHENEVILLET, PIERRE, French com-
plement, i. Riemann.
175 ; Mendel poser of the last half of the 17th century.
;
CHELLERI, FORTUNATO, born at Par- He was music teacher, and canon of Saint-
ma, of German parentage (his father's name Victor at Clermont. His works are Missa :
was Keller), in 16G8, died at Cassel, in 1757. quatuor vocum ad imit. mod.; Vota mea
Dramatic composer, pupil of his uncle, Domino (1652) Missa quatuor vocum ad :
Francesco Maria Bassani, maestro di cappella imit. mod.; Deus ultionis Dominus (1653);
of the Cathedral of Piacenza, who gave him Missa quatuor vocum ad imit. mod. Indica ;
lessons in singing, on the harjisichord, and mihi (Paris, 1672). Fetis; Mendel.
in counterpoint. His first efibrt at compo- CHENIE, MARIE PIERRE, born in Pa-
sition was the opera, Griselda, produced at ris, June 8, 1773, died there. May 6, 1832.
Piacenza, in 1707. In 1708, he was called Organist, pupil of the Abbe Haudinot when ;
to Cremona to write the opening opera of sixteen years old a mass by him was per-
the season in Januarj-, 1709, he sailed from formed in the Church of Saint-Jacques-de-
;
Genoa for Spain, visited all the principal la-Boucherie. He played the double-bass
cities, and returned to Italy in 1710. At in the orchestra at the Opera, from 1795 till
the end of twelve years there was hardly 1820, and was afterwards in the orchestra
any city of importance in Italy where his of the Theatre Italien, and in the choir of
operas had not been given. The Bishop of the Chapelle Royale. At one time also he
Wtirzburg made him his Kapellmeister was organist at the and was
Salpctriere,
about 1722, just after the last of his operas, professor of the double-bass at the Conser-
Zenobia e Radamisto, had been successfully vatoire. He wrote masses, motets, three
brought out in Venice. In 1725 he became Te Deum, a Regina Cceli, an O Salutaris, a
Kapellmeister and director of music to the Domine Salvum, etc., and some romances
Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, and in 1726 and fugitive pieces. Fetis Mendel. ;
went to Loudon and published his cantatas. CHERBLANC, JEAN LOUIS, born at
The successor to the Landgrave Charles, Morancu (Rhone), March 23, 1809, still liv-
afterwards King of Sweden, took him to Swe- ing, 1888 (?). Violinist, first instructed at
den, in 1731 but he returned to Cassel in
; Lyons, where he joined the orchestra of the
1734. His best known works are La Gri- : Theatre des Celestins in 1825 went to Paris ;
selda, given at Piacenza, 1707 II gran Ales- ; in 1829 and became a iûiail of Baillot at the
sandro, Cremona, 1708 La Zenobia in Pal- ; Conservatoire, winning the second prize in
mira, Milan, 1711 L' Atalanta, Ferrara,
; 1831 and the first in 1832. After playing
1713 L' Alessandro fra gli Amazzoni, Ven-
;
Opera several years,
in the orchestra of the
ice, 1715 LaCacciain Etolia, 1715 Pene-
; ; he returned to Lyons and became solo vio-
lope, 1716 L' Amalassunte, regina de Goti,
;
'
linist at the Grand Theatre. Works : Two

1718 Alessandro Severe, Brescia, 1718
; ; i
books of duos for violins (Paris, Richault) ;
L'Arsacide, Lapaceper amore, Venice, 1719 ;

'
Fautaisies, with quartet, op. 3 and 4 (ib.)

n Temistocle, Padua, 1720 Tamerlano, ; Fantaisie for violin, pianoforte, and quartet
Treviso, 1720 L' iunocenza difesa, Venice,
; 1
(ib.) etc. Fetis Mendel.
; ;
3U6
CHERET
CHEEET, PIERRE, born in France, iu signor Sebastiauo Cherici, 1' anno 1679.
1793, died iu August, 1864. Composer of Fetis; Mendel.
romances and dramatic melodies, such as CHERON, ANDRE, French composer of
L'lieureux pilote Sur la Falaise La m&re the 18th ceutiiry, died iu Paris, 1766.
; ; He
de L'Ecossais Petite fille Le pauvre ma- was mailre de musique at the Ojn'ra in 1734
; ;
rins La folle de Venise

; Les adieus d'une and conductor several years in 1750 he was
; ;
scEur La Creole Matelot et mousse, etc. singing teacher, and afterwards music-in-
; ;
Fetis, Supplement, i. 175. spector, until pensioned in 1758. Pub-

CHERT, VICTOR (Cizos, called), born lished works Trios ^Jour fliltes, op. 1 Duos : ;
at Auxerre, March 14, 1830, died by suicide et trios pour flutes, op. 2. He wrote also
in Paris, Nov. 11, 1882. Violinist, piupil at several motets, and is supposed to have
the Conservatoire, Paris, studied the violin written the bass for the sonatas of Leclair ;
under Massart, gained an accessit in 18-16, he composed the music sung to the verses
the second prize in 1848, and the first in in the tragedy of Nieephore, in 1752. Fe-
1849. He studied under tis Mendel Schilling.
comijosition ; ;
Adolphe Adam, and won the second grand CHEROUVRIER, EDMOND MARIE,
prix of the Institut de France in 1855, and born at Sable, France, Feb. 7, 1831, still liv-
in 1857 a prize at Bordeaux for the best ing, 1888. Dramatic composer at fourteen ;
opera-comique, producing Une aventure years of age he wrote an Ave Maria which
sous la ligue. He served as chef d'orches- was given at the College de Vaugirard.
tre at the Varietes, the Chatelet, and the He was a pupil of Leborne in fugue and
Gj-mnase theatres wrote the music for composition, although not entered as a pu-
;
several ballets and faii-y spectacles at the pil at the Conservatoire obtained an hon- ;
Chatelet, and published selections from oui'able mention from the Institut de France
them for the pianoforte. He wrote also in 1857, and the second grand prix in 1858.
a concerto for violin, with orchestral ac- In 1865 he brought out an opera, Le roi
companiment, which has not been jjub- des mines, at the Theatre Lyrique. This
lished.
Fetis, Supplement, i. 175 Rie- was succeeded by Quentin Metsys, opi'ra-
;
mann. comique, received but never played Gilles ;
CHERICI, SEBASTIANO, born near Bo- de Bretagne, opera, and two unfinished
logna in 1647, died (?). Maestro of the ones. La fiancee de Corinthe, and Nicolas
cathedral at Pistoja and of the Aecademia Flamel, opera-comique. His church music
dello Spirito Santo at Fen-ara, iu 1684. comprises Une Messe solennelle pour :
He was a member of the Aecademia Filar- quatre voix d'hommes a Tantum ergo a ;
monica of Bologna. Works Inni sacri a quatre voix an Ave Maria and a Tota pul-
: ;
2, 3, 4 e 5 voci con violini e senza, op. 1 chra and a Mass, performed at the Church;
(1672) Armouia di divoti concert! a 2 e 3 of Montrouge in 1876. Besides these, a

;
voci, idem (1681 2d edition, Bologna, collection entitled. Fleurs d'automne, melo-
;
1698) Compieta
; breve concertata a 3 e 4 dies vocales. Fetis, Supplement, i. 176.
voci con violini ripieni, op. 3 (1686) Mo- CHERRY, JOHN WILLIAM, born in
;
tetti a 2 6 3 voci con violini e senza, op. 4 London, Dec. 10, 1824, still living, 1888.
(3d ed., 1700) Componimenti da camera a He is the author of more than one thousand
;
due voci (1688) Motetti sagri a due e tre songs, duets, and pianoforte compositions.
;
voci (1695), dedicated to the Emperor Leo- Some of his works, such as Shells of the
l)old I.; II Cieco nato, oratorio, da Ghiberto Ocean and Will-o-the-Wisp, have been very
Ferri, da cantarsi nella chiesa della confra- popular.
ternita del SS. Saci'amento, eretta in San CHERUBINI, (MARIA) LUIGI (CARLO
Lorenzo di Ferrara, posto in musica dal ZENOBI SALVATORE), born in Florence,
am
,
C11EUU131XI
Sept. 8,1760, died in Paris, May 15, 1842. Returniug to

1
London in 1787 he was ap-
It was dur-
The son of a musician at the Pergola Theatre, pointed composer to the
'
king.
ing this second visit that he wrote some
his talent was evi
new music which he introduced into Cima-
dent from the first.
The elements were rosa'sGiannina e Beruadone and Paisiello's
taught him before GU schiavi per 1' amore. He returned to
he was sis years Paris in 1788, and wrote his first French
old, and at the opera, Demophon, which was brought out
age of nine he at the Opera on Dec. 2d, but without suc-
began to study cess, Vogel's work on the same theme di-
verting pubhc attention from it. Yet Che-

harmony and thor-
rubini's opera, besides being a work replete
ough bass under
Bartolomeo Fe- with beauty, is important as a date both in
lici and his son its composer's life and in the history of
After the death of these French opera. In Dumophon Cherubini

en-
Alessandro.
teachers, he pursued his studies under Pie- tered upon his second manner, that elab-
tro Bizzarri and Giuseppe Petrucci, who orate, learned, and

highly finished style of
which he is now famous, but
also gave him some notions of the art of writing for
and which was that time far beyond the com-
singing. His progress was rapid, in at
intermezzo of his own prehension of the Paris public. He, how-
1773 a mass and an
produced Florence. These works ever, continued writing Italian operas in the
were at
Paisiello un-
were soon followed by others, which were light manner of Cimarosa and
brought out Lodoiska, in 1791.
loudly applauded by the public. The Grand til he his
Duke Leopold H.,recognizing the boy's Here the revolution in his style, begun in
in 1778 to en- Demophon, was completed the work even
genius, gave him a pension ;
go Bologna and complete his caused a thorough revolution in the style

able him to to
studies under Sarti. Cherubini accordingly of the French dramatic school, and Me-hul,
Bertou, Lesueur, and even Gretry
studied hard for four years under this great Steibelt,
master, who trained him not only in all the followed Cherubini in the (to them) new
counterpoint, but path he had opened. This style is notice-
subtleties of old Italian
of
confided to him the composition of the mu- able for all the perfect co-operation
har-
sic ofthe secondary roles in many of his voices and orchestra, the variety of
own operas. Indeed, Sarti's scores abound mony, riclmess of instrumentation, and
pieces written by Cherubini. Before elaborate, almost symphonic, construction
in
quitting his master's Cherubini that we find in Mozart and the great Ger-
school,
wrote an opera, Quinto Fabio, which was man composers. Lodoiska was followed
given at Alessandria in 1782, and was fol- by lisa, and Medee. Unfortunately, these
lowed by seven other works, brought out great and beautiful operas had the insuper-
libretti, and
at Florence, Leghorn, Rome, Venice, and able disadvantage of very poor
Mantua. In 1781 he went to London, but hence never became really popular. But,
the two operas he brought out there did in Les deux journces Cherubini at last
not meet with success. During his stay he found a text worthy of his music, and this
added several numbers to the score of Pai- opera has generally been considered his
siello's Marchese di Tulipano. He soon masterpiece. In the spring of 1805 Che-
went to Paris, with the intention of settling rubini accepted an engagement at Vienna,
there, out was
mere, but almost iiii[iieiii*itci^>
w:ia iiiuiuftu iminediatelv ^;iiiici
called to
i-yj ^ where n^ wrote
\ûcxc he >fi.vy^v> -..
Faniska, which had an
Turin, where he wrote and brought out his , almo.stunprecedented success, Haydn and
opera, Ifigenia in Aulide, with great success. |
Beethoven proclaiming its author to be
807
CHEPtUBINI
"the first dramatic composer of liis time." by no one knows whom. The book is full
This work was long considered the greatest of discrepancies and imperfections. That
opera since Mozart, and it was thought a Cherubini may have intended to write a
ridiculously high compliment to Beethoven work of this description is not unlikely, but
when a Vienna critic predicted that Fidelio he evidently abandoned the idea, for he
would cue day be considered as great a earnestly urged F. J. Fetis to write a text-
work as Cherubiui's Faniska. The occupa- book of counterpoint and fugue to be used
tion of Vienna by the French forced Che- at the Conservatoire, and, on the publica-
rubiui to return to Paris. Here he wrote tion of Futis's book (probably the most
Pimmaglione for the Italian ojêra at the thoroughly excellent work on the subject
Tuileries, the leading jjart being written for that exists), he gave it his unqualified ap-
Crescentini. But Napoleon never favoured proval. Cherubini was the most learned
the composer, and Cherubini felt that he and expert contrapuntist of modern times.
had fallen into disgrace in the eyes of the In grandeur of conception, purity of style,
lûblic. He retired to the country to seek and perfection of form, much of his church
repose of mind at the house of the Prince music equals the best models. His operatic
de Chimay, and began to apply his whole music suffers somewhat (especially in the
energy to the study of botany. But one eyes of French critics) from his disregard of
day a mass being needed for a certain solem- the requirements of the stage, and the, at
nity at the Chimay Church, he was per- times, excessive development of separate
suaded to compose cue for the occasion, pieces. Yet the prime essence of this mu-
and his gi-eat three-voice mass in F was the sic is essentially dramatic and emotional.
result. From this time forward he devoted His musical invention was wonderfully fer-
himself almost exclusively to sacred com- tile, his command of every musical form
position, in which field he has done prob- absolute. He was the only Italian who
ably his greatest work. Upon the restora- could hope to vie with the great German
tion of the House of Bourbon, the sort of composers in the higher departments of
ostracism which had weighed upon Che- instrumental composition. His quartets
rubini was removed, and he returned to and overtures are still classics in every con-
Paris. In 1816 he succeeded Martini as cert-room. AVorks Operas H Qitinio Fa- :
superintendent of the king's music, and bio, op. 4:8, given at Alessandria, Piedmont,
wrote many masses for the Royal Chapel, 1780 Armida, op. 62, Florence, 1782
; ;
but few of which have been published. In Adriano in Siria, op. 65, Leghorn, 1782 II ;
the same j'ear he was appointed professor Meseuzio, oji. 79, Florence, 1782 II Quinto ;
of composition at the Conservatoire, and in Fabio (reset), op. 84, Rome, Teatro Argen-
1822 director. He continued to hold his tina, 1783 ; Lo sposo di tre, marito di nes-
post at the Royal Chapel until 1830. He suna, opera buffa, Venice, Teatro di S.' Sa-
Avas made chevalier of the Legion of Honour muele, 1783 L' Idalide, op. 93, Florence,
;
in 1814, and afterwards ofiicer and was a

; Teatro della Pergola, 1784 Alessaudro ;
member of several societies, musical and nell' Indie, Mantua, 1784 La finta Princi-
;
learned, in and out of France. The " Trea- pessa, ojsera bufta, op. 101, Loudon, King's
tise on CounteriDoint and Fugue," published Theatre, Hay market, 1785 11 Giulio Sa- ;
under his name, was not really written by bino, op. Ill, ib., 1786 Ifigenia in Aulide,
;
Cherubini himself and never had his sanc- op. 131, Turin, Teatro Reale, 1788 Demo- ;
tion. Cherubini had only made a collection phou, op. 135, Paris, Academic Royale de
of examples for the use of his pupils. This Musique, 1788 Lodoiska, op. 182, ib.. The-
;
collection was pounced upon by a speculative atre de Monsieur, 1791 Elim, ou le voy-
;
publisher, and the explanatory text written age au Mont Saint-Bernai-d, o]y. 209, ib.,
308
;;
CHEUrBI^'I
Theiitre Fej-deau, 1794 Mklie, op. 214, ; ib., XVm., 1819), op. 385 in
onation of Louis
1797 ; Uhdlellene portugaise, op. 224, B-dat (1821), op. 403 in A (1825, for the
ib.,
1798 ; La puiiitiou, op. 225, ib., 1799 ; La coronation of Charles X.) Two requiems, ;
prisonuii-re, pasticcio (with Boieldieu), The- op. 349 in C minor (1816), op. 426 in D
atre Montansier, 1799 ; Les deux journues, minor, for male voices (1836) ; 7 motets, 3
op. 229, Theatre Feydeau, 1800 (uuder the psalms, 20 autiphones, 14 detached Kyries,
title The Water-Car lier, Loudou, 1801) ;
3 do. Sanctus, 2 do. Credos, 2 Agnus Dei, 2
Epicure, pasticcio (with Mehul), op. 230, Glorias, 4 litanies, 2 lamentations, 1 grad-
Theatre Favart, 1800 Anaereoii, ou rAmoiir uale, 1 offertory, etc. Other works Vocal
; :
fugitif, op. 241, Opera, 1803 Achille a 02 detached airs, 48 romances, 15 nocturnes,
;
Scyros, ballet, op. 24G, ib., 1804 Faniska, 14 duets, 9 terzetti, 5 detached canons, 3 ;
op. 254, Vienna, Kilrnthuerthor Theatre, ariettas, 2 madrigals, 2 quartets, 1 sextet, 36

1806 Pimmaglioue, op. 279, Paris, Palais hymns, 14 choruses, 4 sets of solfeggi (com-
;
des Tuileries, 1809 Le crescendo, op. 283, jjrisiug over 160), etc. Instrumental
; 1 :
ib., Opera Coniique, 1810 Bayard a Mezi- overture, 1 symphony, 10 sonatas, 11 dances,
;
6res, pasticcio (with Boieldieu, Catel, and

Isouard), ib., 1814 Les Abencvrages, op.
;
299, Opera, 1813; Blanche de Provence

(with Berton, Boieldieu, Kreutzer, and
Paer), 1821 Ali Baba, op. 417, ib.,
ib., ;
1833 Koukourgi, op. 204 (1793, not per- 11 marches, 7 Pas redoubles, 6 quartets, in
;
formed, and afterwards adapted to Ali E-flat, C, D, E, F, and A minor, 1 quintet,

Baba); Marguerite d'Anjou (1799, unfin- in E minor, 1 minuet, 1 chacoune, 1 fantasia
ished) ; Les Arrets, comic for piimoforte, 1 capriccio for do., etc.
Selico (do.) ;
opera (do.) An oratorio, op. 17, performed

; Adam, Derniers Souvenirs, i. 237 Arnold, ;
at Florence, 1777 Intermezzo, for a The- Luigi Cherubini Seine kurze Biographie,
; ;
atre de Societe, Florence, 1773 II Giuoca- etc. (Erfurt, 1809); Bellasis, Cherubini,
;
tore, do., ib., 1775. Cantatas La pubblica (London, 1874) Berlioz, Memoires (Paris,
: ;
felicita, op. 4, Amphion,

Floreiice, 1774 ; 1878), i. 44, 103, 309, 318 ; Biographie des
op. 112, 1786 Circe, op. 136, Paris, Con-
; Hommes vivants (Paris, 1816-17) ; Biogra-
cert de la Loge Olympique, 1789 La lib- ; phie universelle et portative des Coutem-
erty, op. 199, 1793 Clytemuestre, op. 207,
; porains (ib., 1834) Botte de Toulmon,
;
1794 Cantate jaour la Goguette, Paris,

; Notice des Mauuscrits autograjjhes, etc.
1812 do. pour I'etat major de la garde na-
; (ib., 1843) ; Castil-Blaze (notice in Diction-
tionale, ib., 1814 do., avec choeurs, pour
; naire de la Conversation, ib., 1834) ; do. (in
une fete de la ville de Paris, ib., 1814 do., ; Theatres Lyriques de Paris, ib., 1855)
pour un banquet militaire, ib., 1816 Le ; Choron et Fayolle, Diet. hist, des ]\Iu-
mariage de Salomon, ib., 1816 Cantate, ; sieiens (ib., 1810-17) ; Clement, Les Mu-
avec chceurs, pour le bapteme du due de Bor- siciens celebres, 225 ; Denne-Baron, Che-
deaux, 1821 Chant sur la mort d'Haydn,
; rubini, sa vie, etc. (Paris, 1862) ; Elwart,
Paris, Conservatoire, 1810 Ode pour le ; Hist, de la Societe des Concerts 1860)
(ib.,
mariage de 1' Empereur, 1810 Inuo alia ; Gamucci, Intorno alia vitaed alle opere di L.
primavera, Loudon, 1815. Church music ; Ch. (Florence, 1869) ; Girod, De la Musique
11 solemn masses, oji. 1 in D (1773), op. 3 religieuse (Namur, 1855) ; Halevy, fttudes
in C (1774), op. 6 in C (1775), op. 272 in F sur la vie, etc. (Paris, 1845) ; The Har-
(1808-9), op. 295 in D minor (1811), op. 325 monicon (London, 1825), 167
Lomenie, ;
in C (1816), op. 338 in E-flat (1816), op. Cherubini, par un liomme de rien (Paris,
363 in E (1818), op. 372 in G (for the cor- 1841) Miel, Notice sur la vie, etc. (ib., ;
;
CHESHIRE
1835) ; do. (ib., 1842) ; The MusicalWoild ballets, which he wrote for many public oc-
(Loudon, 1862) ; Nisard, Notice (Paris, casions. Fetis gives a list of thirty-four of
1867) ; Piccbianti, Notizie sulk vita, etc. these, with the name and date, some of the
(]\Iilan, 1843, Florence, 1844) ; Place, Essai most important of which are Ballet de :
sur la Composition, etc. (Paris, 1842) ; Ra- Tiretaiue, faict le lundi gras, danse au Lou-
oul-Rocbette, Notice bistorique (ib., 1843). vre, devaut Henri le Grand Le grand bal- ;
CHESHIRE, JOHN, born in Birming- let de Nemours, 1604 Le grand ballet;
ham, England, March 28, 1839, still living, faict au mariage de Monsieur de Vendome,
1888. Harpist, pupil of the Roj'al Academy a Fontainebleau, 1609 Le ballet des gens
;
of Music in 1852-5.5, afterwards of George de la reine Marguerite, 1609 Le ballet de ;
Alexander Macfarren and John Balsir Chat- Monsieur le Dauphin, Louis XIII., 1609 ;
terton. He became harpist at the Roj'al Le recit des dames, from the Ballet des
Italian and at Her Majesty's
Opera in 1855, Amoureux coutrefaits,which is found in
Theatre in 1865 was principal harpist at
; Airs de cour mis en tablature de luth,
the Grand Opera, Rio Janeiro, in 1858-61, par Gabriel Bataille, Paris, 1611. Fetis ;
and made a concert tour through Norway Mendel ; Schilling.

in 1879. Works Sis romances for the : CHEVALIER LUBIN,
LE, opera-co-
harp (1855) Serenade, Don Quixote, for
; mique one
by Michel Carre and
in act, text
do. ; Album of Harp (24 pieces) ; Miscella- Victor Perrot, music by Adrien Boieldieu,
neous music for the harp The Buccaneers, ; represented at the Theatre des Fantaisies
cantata for four voices and orchestra (1866) Parisiennes, Paris, May 23, 1866. The
The King and the Maiden, do., performed Chevalier de Simiane, in love with the Com-
1866 Diana, opera (1860)
; Overtures for ; tesse Rosiue, who has ordered her gates
orchestra in B-flat, D, and F minor Piano- ; closed against him, disguises himself as a
forte music, and songs. peasant and hires himself out to her as a
CHESSI, LUIGI, Italian dramatic com- gardener. The Marquis de Beautreillis, her
po.ser, author of the following works La : kinsman, seeks to amuse himself by ex-
nuova pianella perduta nella neve, oiêretta changing clothes with the false Lubin, who
in dialogue, given at Milan, Augusst, 1865 ;
plays the part of a gentleman so dextrously
la Contessa di Medina, Piacenza, April, as to win the heart of the Comtesse. The
18G7. Fetis, Supplement, i. 177. music is agreeable and ap2)ropriate to the
CHEVAL DE BRONZE, LE (The text.
Bronze Horse), opera-comique in three CHEVALIER NAHEL, LE, French opera
acts, text by Scribe, music by Auber, first in three acts,music by Litolff, represented
represented at the Opera Comique, Paris, at Baden-Baden, Aug. 10, 1863. Scene in
March 23, 1835. A fairy plot, scene laid in the Thirty Years' War. The Chevalier Na-
China. was amusing in its day, but its
It hel is a corrupt genius who plays the part of
scenes have become trite through many and whose death serves as the de-
a traitor,
imitations. It was reproduced in four acts, nouement of the piece. It contains some
with additions, at the Academie de Mu- good numbers, and the music generally is
sique, Sept. 21, 1857. It has been fre- well adapted to the libretto.
quently given in English, as the Bronze CHEVILLARD, PIERRE ALEXANDRE
Horse, since its production at Drury Lane, FRANCOIS, bornat Antwerp, Jan. 15, 1811,
London, Jan. 5, 1836. still living, 1888. Virtuoso on the violon-'
CHEVALIER, French composer, , cello, first instructed in his native city, then
flourished in 1587-1617. Violinist in the pupil of Norblin at the Conservatoire of
private band Henri IV. and Louis XIII. Paris, won the second prize in 1826, and
of
He is best known as a composer of court the first in 1827 studied composition ;
810
:; ;
CHTARA
under became solo violoncellist
Futis, at 1886. Dramatic com-
Brussels, Oct. 15,
du Gymnase, and in 1831,
the Thi'atre at Palermo of Pragusa and
poser, pupil at
the Theatre Italien. Having formed a Raimondi, then at Naples of Donizetti.
quartet to play the last productions of He abandoned law for music, and, gifted
Beethoven's genius, hemade a concert tour with a tine voice, entered the royal chapel
through Germany in 1855 and 1856, win- at Palermo, whence King Ferdinand II. in-
ning much applause. In 1859 he became vited him to Naples about 1844 he brought ;
professor at the Conservatoire. Works out his first opera, and soon after became
Concerto for violoncello and orchestra conductor of the orchestra at the Teatro
Quartet for two violins, viola, and violon- San Carlo, and professor of singing at the
cello 15 melodies for violoncello and or- Conservatorio.
;
Imjjlicated in the revo-
chestra or pianoforte Fantaisie for violon- lutionary distui-bances of 1848, he was im-
;
cello and pianoforte Lamenti, adagio and ; prisoned for twenty-two months, and exiled
finale, for do. Andante and Barcarole, with
;
1850, when he went to Genoa and in
quartet and pianoforte Method for violon- brought out several ojêras. In or about
;
cello. Fetis Mendel. ; 1855 he went to Paris, where he became

CHIARA DI ROSEMBERG, Italian opera chef du chant at the Theatre Italien, and
in two acts, text by Gai'tauo Rossi, music afterwards at the Italian Opera in London.
by Luigi Ricei, first represented at Milan, In 1862 he settled at Brussels to teach vocal
1831, and then at the Theatre Italien, Paris, music, and became professor at the Con-
Nov. 6, 1833. Subject from " Siege de La servatoire in 1871. Works Operas: Feni-
Rochelle," by Mnie de Genlis. It had been cia, given at Naples, Teatro del Fondo, 1844 ;
treated previously by Generali, in 1821. Catarina di Cleve, ib., Teatro San Carlo,
CHIARELLI, ANDREA, born in Mes- 1850 Armando il gondoliere, Genoa, Teatro ;
sina, Sicily, about 1675, died there in 1699. Carlo Felice, 1851 Giovanna di Castiglia, ;
Lutist and instrumental composer stud- ib., 1852 Manfredo, Trieste, 1853
;
Le ; ;
ied music at Rome and Naples, where he be- nozze di Messina, Venice, Teatro Fenice,
came a proficient on the archlute. When 1853 Ines di Mendoza, Milan, Scala, 1855 ; ;
he returned to his own city, he was received Fingal, 1855 Una burla per correzioue, ;
with honour, and devoted the rest of his life Genoa, Teatro Paganini, 1855 Mass, per- ;
to the jjerfecting of his instruments. He formed at Sainte-Gudule, Brussels Hiob, ;
constructed several theorbos and archlutes biblical opera, ib.. Conservatoire, 1884. He
on new which are yet considered also published a Methode de chant in three
principles,
the best ever made. Fetis had one of these parts. Fetis, Supplement, i. 178 Riemann. ;
in his collection, with the date, 1098. CHIAULA, MAURO, born in Palermo,
Works Suouate musicali di violini, or- about the middle of the 16th century, died
:
gano, violone, ed arciliuto (Naj)les, 1699). in 1600. Benedictine monk of the convent
Fetis Mendel. ; of S. Martino, of that city composer of ;
CHIARINI, PIETRO, born in Brescia, church music. Works Sacrse cantiones, :
Italy, in 1717, died (?). Harpsichordist and quae octo, turn vocibus, tum variis iustru men-
dramatic composer, author of the following tis concinni possunt (Venice, 1590). Fetis ;
woi'ks L' Achille in Sciro, given in Brescia, Mendel.

:
1739 Statira, Teatro di S. Giovanni Chry-

; CHIAVACCI, MNCENZO, born in Rome
sostomo, Venice, 171:'2 ; Meride e Seliuunte, in 1760, died in Warsaw in 1815. Dramatic
Brescia, 1744 ; Argenide, ib., 1745. Fetis composer, first known through his operas
Mendel. produced in Milan. In 1801 he was di-
CHIAROMONTE, FRANCESCO, born rector of the Opera Bouife in Warsaw.
at Castrogiovauni, Sicily, in 1814, died at Works Operas
Alessaudro nell' Indie,
:
311
;; ;
CHIEN
given in Milan about 178G II tilosofo im-; Barrett, English Church Composers, 69
postore, about ISOl
ib., Quattro jjarti del
;
Harmonicon (1832), 192.
mondo. Besides these he published twelve CHILDREN IN THE WOOD, THE,
Ariette per il clavicembalo (Vienna, 1799). English opera, music by Samuel Arnold,
Fetis Mendel.
; represented at the Haymarket Theatre,
C'HIEN DU JAEDINIER, LE(The Gar- London, in 1793.
dener's Dog), opera- coinique in one act, text CHILPERIC, oi)era-boufe in three acts,
by Lockroy and Cormon, music by Albert text and music by Herve, represented
Grisar, represented at the Opera Comique, at the Folies Dramatiques, Paris, Oct. 24,
Paris, Jan. 16, 1855. Plot original, illus- 1868.
trating the caprices of a village coquette. CHI m FRENA. See Lucia.
The score is one of the composer's best CHIMfiNE. See Cid.
works. CHINELLI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA, It-
CHILCOT, THOJUS, organist of the alian composer of the 17th century, whose
Abbey Church Bath from 1733 until late history is not known. He was the author
at
in the last centurj'. He was the composer of the following works, quoted by Walther,
of two sets of concertos for the harpsichord in his Musical Lexikon Conzertirende Mes- :
and of Twelve English Songs, the words by sen, von 3, 4, und 5 Stimmen, nebst 2 Vio-
Shakespeare and other celebrated poets. linen a bene placito, 1 Th. Idem, 2 Th.; ;
He was the first master of Thomas Liuley. Idem, 3 Th. Motetti a voce sola (1630) ;
;
Grove Fetis Mendel.

; ; Madrigali a 2, 3, 4, con alcune canzonette
CHILD, WILLLIM, born in Bristol, a due violini, lib. 1, op. 4. Complete, Anti- ;
England, in 1606, foue, Letanie della B. V., concertate a

died in Windsor, quattro voci e due violini, op. 6 (Venice,
March 23, 1697. 1639) II quarto libro de' Motetti a 2 e 4 ;
(Jrganist and voci con violini, 0)5. 9 (ibid., 1652). Fetis;

church composer Mendel.
Mus. Bac, Oxford, CHINZER, JOHANN, German composer
1631 Mus. Doc, of the 18th century. Little is known of
;
1G63. He was him excepting that he lived in 1754 in

chorister of Bris- Paris, where he published the following
tol Cathedral un- works Un livre de sonates pour deux vio-
:
der Elway Beviu, lons Trois livres de sonates en trios pour

;
organist of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, violon ; Un livre de sonates jJour la flute
in 1632,and afterwards of the Chapel Royal. seule ; Deux
de sonates pour deux
livres
Some of his church services and anthems violoncelles. Fetis thinks he may be the
are printed in the collections of Boj-ce and same as the Chinzer who published some
Arnold, in Smith's "Musica Antiqua," and music in London with the title Un ceuvre :
man}' more are extant in manuscript in the de duos pour deux violons, en 2 suites
choir books of various cathedrals. Works : (Preston, London, 1791). Fetis Mendel. ;
Choice Musick to the Psalms of David for CHIOCCHETTI, PIETRO \7NCENZ0,

three voices, with a continuall Base, either born at Lucca in 1680, died Feb. 2, 1753.
for the organ or theorbo (1656) Divine ; Dramatic composer. Among his works are :
anthems and vocal compositions to several L' ingratitudine castigata, ossia 1' Alarico,
pieces of Poeti-y Catches in Hilton's Catch
; opera, produced at Ancona, in 1719 ; and La
that Catch Can (1652) Playford's Musical
; Circoncisione, oratorio, Venice, 1729. Fe-
Companion (1672), and some compositions tis ; do., Supplement, i. 180 ; Mendel ; do.,

on Court Ayres. Grove ; Fetis ; Mendel Erganz., 63.
: ;;
CIIIPP
Tempus est breve de Feria

CHIPP, EDMUND THOMAS, born in do., ; jMissa ;
at Nice, Dec. 17, Mass for six voices do. for eight Bene-
25, 182:5, died
; ;
London, Dec.
1886. Organist and dictus for holy week ; 2 Christus factus est
2 Miserere for four voices Veni, Sponsa
violinist, son of Thomas
;
Christi for four voices ; Sub tuum presi-

Paul Cliipp, harpist
dium, for do. Dextera Domini, for do.
(1793-1870); pupil at ; ;
the Chapel Royal of Salvator muudi for eight voices. Fctis

William Hawes, and Mendel.
studied the violin CHI TI SALVA. See Aida.
under J. B. Nadaud, CHMELENSKt, WENZEL, born at Ba-

vorov, Bohemia, in 1736, died there in
and Tolbecque (1832-
He was organist 1793. Organist in his native place, where
40).
churches, inchiding Holy Trinity, his numerous works are still preserved in
of manj'
archives. His sons, Franz (1775-
Paddiugton, in 1856-G2, St. George's, Bel- the choir
and Johann (1778-1864), were also
fast, 1862-66, and of Ely Cathedral from
1803),
Cam- composers, the former of church music, the
1866 until his deatli. Mus. Bac,
bridge, 1859 Mus.
; Doc, 1860. Mr. Chipp Latter of Bohemian national songs. Men-
was one of the best of English organists, del.
and his works are in constant use in the CHOICE OF HERCULES, musical in-
British churches. He was a member of terlude, music by Handel, given at Coveut
Her Majesty's private band (1843-55), and Garden, London, March 1, 1751. The score
Opera, the Philhar- is dated at the beginning, June 28, 1750,
of the Royal Italian
1750. It embodies
monic, and the Sacred Harmonic Society and at the end, July 5,
member Royal Society of of the nearly all the music of an earlier dramatic
bands, a
Musicians, and an examiner at the Univer- piece with different words, called Alceste,
sity of Cambridge and at Trinity College,
published by Arnold, 1790, under the title
Loudon. Works Job, oratorio, 1858 (No-
:
of Alcides, which was never performed.
vello & Co.) Naomi, sacred idyl, 1868

;
The libretto, founded on an episode related
Church Music: Services by Xenophon, is compiled from Joseph
(Novello & Co.).
in A, D, and E ; Anthems
all Lord of The characters rep-
Spence's " Polymetis."
As resented are Pleasure, Virtue, Hercules,
power. The Lord hath been mindful. I :
& Chorus of attendants on Pleasure, Chorus

live, saith the Lord (Novello Co.) 3 ;
Church Service and of do. on Virtue. Published first by

Glorias Music
;
for the
Home Circle Hymns, etc. Organ INIusic Walsh in full by Hilndelgesellschaft
;
;
Handel, 319
Introduction and variations on Handel's (Leipsic, 1864). Rockstro, ;
"The Harmonious Blacksmith," 1843 do. Schoelcher, Handel,

;
318.
ou Haydn's " preserve the Emperor,"

God CHOLLET, LOUIS FRANCOIS, born
Birmingham Festival, 1847 24 sketches in Paris, July 5, 1815, died there, March
;
for organ; 14 compositions for do.; Many 21, 1851. Organist

and pianist, pupil at the
studies and arrangements. Pianoforte mu- Conservatoire, of Zimmerman on the piano-
forte, and of Benoist on the organ, for
sic ;Songs, etc.
CHITI, GIROLAMO, church com- which he obtained the first prize in 1833.
Italian
several churches of
poser of the Roman school, born aljout the He was organist in
of fantai-
end of the 17th century. He was made Paris. His compositions consist
second maestro di cappella of San Gio- sies, rondos, variations, duos, etc. Fetis.
vanni in Laterano in 1726, as coadjutor to CHOPIN, (FRANgOIS) FREDERIC,
Gasparini, whom he succeeded in 1727. born at Zela Zowa Wola, near Warsaw,
Works ; Mass for four voices, Fuge dilecte ;

March 1, 1809, died in Paris, Oct. 17, 1849.
313
;
cHOPm
His fatlier, Nicolas Chopiu, was a Frencli- he wrote almost entirely for the pianoforte,
man, born at Nancj-, who went to Warsaw and his compositions have never been
as private tutor, became equalled in the way in which they are
professor at the War- adapted to the peculiar character of that in-
saw Lycee, and after- strument. Everything he wrote seemed to
wards set up a jjrivate be inspired by the very nature of the piano-
school of his own. forte itself. His best known works are his
Frederic's mother, Jus- mazurkas and nocturnes, but, to learn his
tine Kryzanowska, was true greatness, one must turn to his con-
a Pole. He was edu- certos, scherzos, and ballades. Liszt al-
cated at his father's
school, and studied mu-
sic under Zywny and
Joseph Eisner. His earliest comjjositions
were dances. At nineteen he was already ways minor sonata his greatest
called his B
a virtuoso of the first rank. In 1828 he work. As a
was noted for im-
pianist he
set out for Paris, giving concerts on the mense brilliancy, consummate grace, and
way at Vienna and Munich. In Paris he the most appealing depth of sentiment
almost immediately became the centre of but also for a capriciousness in tempo and
a circle of admirers, among the most ar- rhythm which led Berlioz to say "Chopin :
dent of whom was Liszt. He led a re- ill endured the curb of musical time, and
tired life, teaching and composing, but in my opinion, jûshed rhythmic independ-
rarely jilaying in public. In 1836 he made ence much too far he could not ...
the acquaintance, through Liszt, of George play regularly." Works 2 Concertos, in :
Sand, an event which had a considerable E minor, op. 11, in F minor, op. 21 Al- ;
influence on his future. Contrary to the legro de Concert, op. 46 4 Ballades, op. ;
generally received idea, he enjoyed per- 23, 38, 47, 52 Barcarolle, op. 60 Berceuse, ; ;
fectly good health, although not of a robust op. 57 Bolero, op. 19 Duo concertant
; ;
jihj-sique, until 1838, when bronchitis de- (with Franchomme) ; 3 Ecossaises, op. 72 ;
clared and he went with George Sand 12 Grandes Etudes, op. 10 12 Etudes, op.
itself, ;
to j)ass the winter in Majorca. His liaison 25 3 do.; 4 Fantaisies, op. 13, 49, 61, 66
; ;
with her lasted until about 1846, when she, 3 Impromptus, op. 29, 36, 51 Krakowiak, ;
after putting him into her novel " Lucrezia grand Kondeau de Concert, op. 14 Marche ;
Floriaui " as Prince Karol (a total distortion funi'bre, op. 72 52 Mazurkas, op. 6, 7, 17,;
of his character), got tired of him. Saving 24, 30, 33, 41, 50, 56, 59, 63, 67, 68 19 ;
his visit to Majorca, a short visit to London Nocturnes, op. 9, 15, 27, 32, 37, 48, 55, 62,
in 1848, where he gave two jjrivate con- 72 ; 12 Polonaises, op. 3, 22, 26, 40, 44, 53,
certs, and an equally short one to England 61, 71 24 Preludes, op. 28 Prelude, op.
; ;
and Scotland in 1849, he never left Paris. 45 5 Rondos, op. 1, 5, 14 (Krakowiak), 16,
;
He was buried at P6re-la-Chaise, between 73 (for 2 pianofortes) 4 Scherzos, op. 20, ;
the graves of Bellini and Cherubini. Schu- 31, 39, 54 4 Sonatas, op. 4, 35, 58, 65
;
mann has called Chopin " the boldest and (with violoncello) Tarentelle, op. 43; Trio ;
proudest spirit of the times." During his for pianoforte, violin, and violoncello, op.
lifetime he was too often looked upon as 8 13 Valses, op. 18, 34, 42, 64, 69, 70
; ;
merely a gifted amateur but he was really

; Variations (La ci darem la mano), op. 2 ;
a musician of very sound training and a (Je vends des scapulaires), op. 12 ; do. on a
subtile harmonist. As a composer, he was German national air (posth.) ; Variation
not only original, but absolutely unique ;
dans I'Hexameron : Morceau de concert.
314
;
CHORAL
etc., sur la Marclie des Puri tains de Bel- 1811) Mothode eh'mentaire de musique et
;
lini ; Sixteen Polish songs, for a voice, de plain-chant (1811) Traite general des ;
with pianoforte, op. 74. Barbedette, Chopin voix et des instruments d'orchestre, par
(Paris, 1869) ; Ehlert, Aus der Tonwelt Francceur, revised (1813) ; Bibliotheque
(Leipsic, 1882) ; Fetisencyclopedique de musique (1814)
; Huefter, in Fort- Me- ;
nightly Review (1877), Larousse thode coucertaute de musique a plusieurs

xviii. 377 ; ;
Liszt, F. Chopin (Paris, 1852) Karasowski, parties, translation

; of Albreclitsberger
Friedrich Chopin, seiu Leben, etc. (Dresden, (1817) Methode de plain-chant from ;
1877) Mendel ;
Sowiuski Theinatisches tlie same, and Manuel complet de musique
; ;
Verzeichniss (Leijisic, Breitkopf & Hiirtel). vocale et instrumentale, ou Encyclopedie

CHORAL FANTASIA. See Fantasie mit musicale, also from Albrechtsberger (this
Chor. work was left unfinished, and published by
CHORAL SYMPHONY. See Sinfonie his assistant, Adrien de la Faye, after his
mit Schlusschor. death, 6 vols., 2 vols, of examples (Paris,
CHORON, ALEXANDRE ETIENNE, 1836-38). Besides these he published :
born in Caen, Oct. 21, 1771, died in Paris, Livre choral de Paris, etc. (1817) Me- ;
June 29, 1834. Composer and critical thode concertante de musique (1817) Me- ;
writer at first self-taught in music, but thode de plain-chant (1818)

; Instruction ;
subsequently a jjupil of Rose in harmony abreg6e (1819) Methode de chant (1821) ;
and of Bonesi and other Italian professors. Chants chorals des Eglises d'Allemagne
He published in 1804 Principes d'accom- (1822) Hymues pour toutes les fetes de ;
pagnement des Ecoles d'ltalie, written with I'annee Messe a 3 voix sans accompagne- ;
Frocchi, and in 1808 Priucipes de compo- ment. Dixit Dominus, Magnificat, Laudate,
sition des Ecoles d'ltalie (3 vols.), through 15 motets, and other church music. Fetis ;
which he introduced into France Sala's Gauthier, Eloges (Caen, 1845) A. de la ;
practical e.Kercises in fugue and counter- Faye, Eloges (Paris, 1843) Grove. ;
point, Marpurg's treatise on fugue, exer- CHOTAS, max, born at Chotesan, Bo-
cises from Padre Martini's Esemplare, and hemia, May 8, 1831, still living, 1888. Or-
a new system of harmony of his own. He ganist, pupil in Prague of Josef Krej6i,
was director of the music of the Fetes pvih- Franz Blazek, and Pitsch on the organ, and
liques from 1812 to the fall of Napoleon, of Horak went as choir-master
in singing ;
director of the Academie Royale de Mu- to Temesvar, Hungary, in 1855, and in the
sique in 1816-17, and founder of a school same capacity has been at Pelhrimov, Bohe-
of music which became famous under gov- mia, since 1862. Among his compositions
ernment support in 1824-30, under the title are several masses, graduals, offertories,
of Institution Royale de Musique Classique hymn for mixed chorus and orchestra, and
et Religieuse, and in which many noted many choruses for male and mixed voices.
musicians were educated. He composed Mendel.
some music, but his best title to fame is CHOTEK, FRANZ XAVER, born at
the influence which he exercised on musical Liebisch, Moravia, Oct. 22, 1800, died in
education in France. Works Collection Vieinia, May, 1852. Composer, pupil in
:
de romances et autres poosies raises en mu- Vienna of Henneberg and of Secbter.

sique 1806) Notes fran9aises et Works Potpourris sur des motifs de I'As-
(Paris, ; :
italiennes sur Leo, Jommelli, Pierluigi da sedio di Calais de Donizetti (Milan, Ri-
Palestrina, Josquin Depres, in Collection cordi) Beautes des operas de Bellini (ib.) ; ;
generale des ouvrages classiques de mu Rimembranze delle laguue (ib.) Antho- ;
sique ; Dictionnaire historique des musir logie musicale, fantaisies sur les motifs fa-
cieus, Choron et Fayolle, 2 vols. (1810- voris d'operas nouveaux (ib.) Rondinetto ; ;
; ;
CllOUDENS
Variations brillantes in E-flat ;
Rondino CHRISTIANELLI, FILIPPO, maestro di
bi-illaut La gaite, rondo for two and four

;
cappella at Aquila, kingdom of Naples, about
hands Marclie
; courageuse, and many others. the beginning of the 17th century. Works:
Mendel Scliilling Wurzbach.
; ;
Salmi a cinque voci (Venice, 1626). Fetis ;
CHOUDENS, ANTONY, boru in Paris in Mendel.

1849, still living, 1888. Dramatic composer, CHRISTINA DI SVEZIA (Christina of
text by Romani,
son of the music publisher. He published Sweden), Italian opera,
a collection entitled Dix melodies, one of music by Sigismuud Thalberg, represented
which, Uu dernier baiser, became well at the Court Theatre, Vienna,

June 3, 185.5.
known (1870), grew into Vingt The hbretto, from Alexandre Dumas's
and later
melodies (1873). Of these, one, A uue "Christine" and Laube's " Monaldeschi,"
etoile, with orchestral accompaniment, was illustrates the eccentric career of Christina,
sung at the Concerts-Danbt'. He lias writ- daughter of Gustavus Adoljihus, and Queen
ten the music of an opera, Graziella, to the of Sweden. The same subject is treated in
libretto of Jules Barbier another. La jeu- Christina
;
di Suezia, music by Nini, Genoa,
1840 and by Naples, 1841. Also in
nesse de Don Juan, to a poem Louis
of Lillo, ;
Gallet and has

; published pieces for piano- Christine von Schweden, German opera in
forte, and several Essais symphouiques. three acts, text by Tempeltey, music by
Fetis, Supplement, i. 181. Rederu, given at the Royal Theatre, Berlin,
CHRi^TIEN, CHARLES ANTOINE, one 1860.
of the musicians of the king's chapel, Pa-
CHRISTMANN, JOHANN FRIEDRICH,
ris, about the middle of the 18th century.
born at Ludwigsburg, Wiirtemberg, Sept.
He published : Pieces de diftV'rents auteurs, 9,1752, died there May 21, 1817. Amateur
mises en trios pour les violons (Paris, 1751) harpsichord and flute. performer on the
Educated at Tubingen University, he be-
and produced an opera, Les Precautions
inutiles, at the Comcdie Italieune (1760). came a Lutheran clergyman, and in 1783
Fetis Mendel. ;
was appointed minister in his native town.
CHRISTENIUS, JOHANNES, German He published, between 1790 and 1800,

composer of the 17th century, born at Butt- much music for the voice and for
pianoforte,
stiidt, In the early part of the violin, and flute, highly esteemed in Ger-
Thuringia.
century he was cantor at the court of the man}'. His Elementarbuch der Tonkust
Elector of Saxony, and he was also a musi- is in two parts with a book of examples
cian at Altenburg. Works Selectissima (Spires, 1782, 1790).

:
He arranged a valu-
collection of hymns with Knecht, en-
et nova cantio quam Valedictionis erga de- able
dicat Patronis, a6vocibus (Jena, 1G09) Mu- titled
Vollstrmdige Sammluug, many of
;
:
sikalisehe Melodias mit i Stimmen gesetzt the hymns being of his own composition,
Giilden Venus-Pfeil, in welcher zu Allgem. d. Biog., iv. 223 ; Fetis ; Mendel
(1616) ;
finden, newe weltliehe Lieder, teutsehe und Schilling.

poluische Tanze (1619) Symbola Saxon- CHRISTMAS ORATORIO, Bach. See
;
ica, Fiirtslicher Personen taegliche Gedeuk-

Weihnai-hU Oratorium.
spriiche mit 3 Stimmen gesetzt (Leipsic, CHRISTO, Frade 10 AO DE, born in Lis-
1620) Coniplemeutum,
; und drifter Theil bon, about the beginning of the 17th cen-
Fest Yud Aposteltagiger evangelischer tury, died at Alcoba5a, July 30, 1654.
Spriiche, so Melchior Vulpius abergangen, Church composer and
organist. Machado
mit 4-8 Stimmen (Erfurt, 1621) Omni- quotes the following works;
(Bibl. Lusit., ii.
geni mancherley Manier newer weltliclier 636),-, as the best known of his composi-
Lieder, Paduans, etc. (Erfurt, 1619). All- tions : Texto de Paixoens que se cantao
gem, d. Biogr., iv. 144 Futis Mentlel. em a ; ;
Semana Santa, composto a 4 vozes ;
;
CHPJSTO
Calendas do Natal, e de S. Bernardo a 4 CHRISTUS, oratorio projected by Men-
vozes.
These are all iu MS. Fctis Men- delssohn as the third of a trilogy with St.
;
del Vasconcellos, 47.

; Paul and Elijah, but left unfinished. The
CHRISTO, Fra LUIZ DE, born in Lis- libretto was written by Chevalier Bunsen
bon, iu 1625, died iu Calcado, iu 1693. in 1844, but was much changed by Mendels-
Church composer, and organist of his con- sohn, who began the comjjosition of the
vent at Calcado. He left the following music after finishing Elijah. The fragment
works in MS. Paixoens dos quatro Evan-
:
consists of eight numbers of recitatives and
gelistas, a 4 voces Li(;oens de defunctos;
choruses, three in the first part, aud five
motetes e vilhaucicos. Fetis ; Mendel in the second They were published

part.
Vasconcellos, 48. soon after his death (op. 97) and were;
CHRISTOFORUS (Christ-bearer), can- first performed at the Birmingham (Eng-
tata (legend), jroem by F. vou Hoffnaass, land) Musical Festival, Sejst. 8, 1852. Giv-
for baritone, soprano, and alto solos, chorus, en by the Handel and Haydn Society, Bos-
and orchestra, by Joseph Itheiuberger, op. ton, May 7, 1874.
120, written in 1879. Subject, the story of CHRISTUS AM OELBERGE (Christ on
the giant who bears the infant Christ on his the Mount of Olives), oratorio, text by
shoulders across the river. Published by Franz Xaver Huber, music by Beethoven,

Kistuer (Leijisic, 1885). UiDton, Standard op. 85, composed iu the summer of 1801,
Cantatas, 304. first performed in Vienna, Ajjril 5, 1803 ;
CHRISTOPHE COLOMB, descriptive published by Breitkopf & Hiirtel (Leipsic,

symphony, by Felicien David, first per- 1811). The work 023ens with Christ's
formed in Paris, 1847. praj'er for comfort and strength a seraph ;
CHRISTUS, oratorio, by Frieddch Kiel, appears, and with the chorus of angels
composed in 1874 first given in Berlin, praises the Redeemer's goodness.
; Christ
April 4, 1874. Given by the Milwaukee and the seraph in conversation. The Sa-
(Wis.) Musikverein, 1879. viour jjrays for deliverance from death, but
CHRISTUS, oratorio for soli, chorus, or- ends by submitting to the will of the
gan, aud full orchestra, by Liszt, finished Father. The soldiers appear to take him ;
in 1866. Given first iu Rome, in the Sala their alia marcia movement is interrupted
Dantesca, July 6, 1867. The first part was by a terzetto between Christ, the seraph,
given in New York by the Oratorio So- and Peter, whose part is treated in the
ciety, in 1876, and the entire work, March 3, style of the bufl'o parlante. The taking of
1887. First Part Weihuachts-Oratorium. Christ ends the action uiôu earth. Above
:
1, Introduction 2, Pastorale
; 3, Stabat ma- the angels sing their song of praise in motet
;
ter preciosa, hymn 4, Song of the Shep- form.

; In his latter years the composer was
herds at the manger 5, The three Holy of the opinion that he had conceived his
;
Kings, march. Second Part After Epiph- subject too theatrically.

: Marx (Berlin,
any. 6, The Beatitudes 7, The Prayer 8. 1875), i. 239; Thayer, "Verzeichniss, 35;
; ;
The Foundation of the Church; 9, The von Lenz, Beethoven, ii. 220.
Miracle ; 10, The Entry into Jerusalem. CHEOMATISCHE FANTASIE, a brill-
Third Part: Passion and Resurrection. 11, iant composition in D minor for clavier by
Tristis est anima mea 12, Stabat mater Johaun Sebastian Bach, followed by a mas-
; ;
13, O Filii et Filise, Easter hymn 14, terly three-voice fugue. ; It is one of the
Resurrexit.
Nohl Upton, Standard Ora- most generallj' j)lajed of Bach's larger
;
torios, 186 Musik. Wochenblatt (1886), clavier works.

;
385, 398, 411 Krehbiel, Review (1886-87),

; CHURCHILL, English composer in ,
135. London, at the end of the 18th century. He

S18
; ;
ClLrSTROVIUS
publislied the following works sonatas his residence in Venice in 1728, and brought
: 'i
all his operas there. The best

for pianoforte with violin accompaniment 6 out nearly ;
sonatas for known are Ouorio, given at Venice, 1729

duets for two violins, op. 2 3 ;
: ;
with violin, op. 3 duets for Adriano in Siria, ib., 1748 II negligente, ;
pianoforte, ;
violin and alto (1793). Futis Mendel. ;

ib., 1749 Catone in TJtica, ib., 1756 Gian- ; ;
CHUSTKOVroS, JOHANNES, 1760 Amore in caricatura, ib.,

director guir, ib., ;
1761 Antigono, ib., 1762. Burney men-

of the Church of St. Nicolas, Liineburg, ;
17th century. tions a ^lass, and a Miserere for eight voices,

about the beginning of the
which
Works: Sacn cantiones quinque, sex et with instrumental accompaniment,
estimation. Fetis Men-
octo vocibus ita compositiB, ut non solum were
held in great ;
commodissime cantari, sed etiam, del Schilling.

viva voce ;
ad omnis generis instrumeuta optime ad- CIAMPI, LEGRENZIO VINCENZO,

hiberi possint (Frankfort, 1603). Fetis born near Piacenza in 1719. Dramatic
;
Mendel. composer, pupil of Roudini, maestro di
CHWATAL, FRANZ XAVEE, born at cappella at Piacenza he went to London ;
Eumburg, Bohemia, June 19, 1808, died at in 1748 with a company of

Italian singers.
Dr. Burney says he had great tire and

Elmen, near Magdeburg, June 21, 1879.
Pianist, first instructed by his father, an ability, but no genius. Works 0])eras :
appeared in public when L'Arcadia in Brenta, given in Italy about

organ builder ;
Bertoklo corte, Piacenza, about

eight years of age, was settled at Merse- 1739 ;
alia
cicisbei ridicoli, Loudon,
burg as a teacher in 1822-35, when he 1748 ; Gli tre
Siria, ib., 1750 II tri-
studied composition by himself, and after- 1748 Adriano in ;
;
He published about onfo di Camillo, ib., 1750 Didone, ib.,

wards at Magdeburg. ;
the pianoforte, and 1754. Published instrumental music, songs,

250 works, mostly for
his Methods for the same, op. 93 and a mass (1758), now in the Royal Library,
two
been introduced in many in- Berlin. Grove Fetis Mendel.
op. 135, have ; ;
stitutions. Mendel Eiemann.

;
CIANCHETTINI, PIO, born in London,
CIAJA, AZZOLINO BERNARDINO Dec. 11, 1799, died at Cheltenham in 1851.
BELLA, born in Siena in 1671, died after Pianist, son and pupil of Veronica Cian-
public as an infant
1733 (?). Organist and composer he pre- chettini; appeared in
;
1804, and was called the English

sented in 1733 an organ to the Church of prodigy in
which Mozart in Holland, Germany, and France,
the Order of St. Stephen, Pisa (of
which one where he travelled with his father in the
Order he was a knight), is still
Published works year following. Afterwards he accom-

of the finest in Italy. :
Salmi concertati (Bologna, 1700) Cantate panied Madame Catalani

;
on her concert
da Camera (Lucca, 1701, Bologna, 1702) tour through England. Works 2 con-
:
:
Sonate per cembalo (Rome, 1727). Fetis certos for pianoforte; Fautaisies for do.;
Mendel. Variations for do.; Cantata for two voices
CIAMPALANTI, one of the musi- with chorus (words from Paradise Lost)
,
cians of Louis XV. He published in 1764 Pope's Ode on Solitude 60 Italian notturni ;
piano-
a entitled
collection Six Ariettes fran- for two, three, and four voices, with
:
dans le gotU Italien avec accom- forte Benedictus for three voices ;
etc.
yoises ;
pagnement d'un violon et d'une basse, Fetis ; Mendel.

suivies d'une cantate dctachee a grande CIANCHETTINI, VERONICA, born at
London
symphonie. Fetis, Supplement, i. 183. Czaslau, Bohemia, in 1779, died in
CIAMPI, FRANCESCO, born at Massa in 1833. Pianist, daughter and pupil of
di Sorrento, kingdom of Naples, in 1704. Johanii Joseph Dussek, who was the organ-
ist and chief musician of Czaslau. In 1797
Dramatic composer and violinist took up ;
319
;
CIANCHI
she -n'ent to Lonrlon to join her brother Pesth, he gave lessons to Stephen Heller
Johann Ladislaw Dussek, aud mai-ried there in 1826. He may
be looked upon as the re-
Francesco Cianchettini. Among her works former of dance music in Bohemia. Pub-
are two concertos and several sonatas for lished works 12 songs from celebrated po-
:
the pianoforte. Grove Fetis MendeL ; ; ets with pianoforte accompaniment (Prague,
CIANCHI, EMILIO, born in Florence, 1781) ; 14 wedding songs in German with
March 21, 1833, still living, 1888. Dra- pianoforte (Leipsic, 1793) ; German dance
matic composer, pnj)il of Iguazio Colson and with twelve variations (Brunswick, 1794)
Ermanno Picchi. He became known, when 3 cantatas : Separation, the Spinner, and
only twenty-one years old, by the perform- the Trials of Lotte, from Werther (Munich,
ance of his oratorio, Giuditta, 1854. Works 1798). Many other compositions are men-
Operas Salvator Eosa, Florence, Teatro tioned by Fetis.
: Fetis Mendel Schil- ; ;
Pagliano, 185-5 II saltimbanco, ib., 1856

; ling. ;
La vendetta, ib., 1857 Leone Isauro, Tu- CICCARELLI, ANGELO, born at Te-
;
rin, Teatro Regio, 1862. His Requiem ramo, in the Abruzzi, Jan. 25, 1806, still liv-
Mass, performed in Santa Croce, Florence, ing, 1888 (?). Church composer, pupil at
on the anniversary of the death of King Lanciano of the organist Filippo Gianni,
Charles Albert, and of the martyrs of Italian then at the Conservatorio, Naples, of Cres-
independence (1873), added to his renown. centiui in singing, and of Zingarelli in com-
He is secretary of the Royal Musical Insti- position. In 1829 he settled in Dresden,
tute and the Musical Academy at Florence. where he was much esteemed as a vocal
Fetis, Supplement, i. 183. teacher, and also as a member of the royal
CIBBINI, KATHERINA, born in Vienna chou\ Works Stabat Mater for 4 female
:
in 1790, died there in 1858. Pianist, voices Requiem Mass for 4 voices Two
; ;
daughter and pupil of the Bohemian com- Misse di Gloria Te Deum Catherine de
; ;
poser and Hof-Kapellmeister in Vienna, Guise, lyric drama many vocal composi-
;
Leopold Kozeluh, aud pupil of Clementi. tions.

Fetis, Supjslement, i. 183 Mendel. ;
Works Introduction et Valuations (Vienna,

: CID, LE, the Spanish national hero, Ruy
Haslinger) ImjDromptu (ib.) Marche et
; ; Diaz da Bivar, called by his compatriots El
Trio (ib.) ; 6 valses, (ib.) ; etc. Mendel; Campeador (The Warrior) aud by the Moors
Schilling. El Seid (whence Cid), is the hero of several
CIBOT (Cybot), , French musician of operas. Italian opera in three acts, music
the 16th century. In the famous collection by Sacchini, first represented in Rome,
of French chansons for four voices pub- 1762, as Chimena, and at the King's The-
lished by Pierre Attaignant, about 1530, atre, London, 1773, as II Gran Cid played ;
are two chansons by Cibot: Ayer ne puis with great success in Paris at the Opera,
celle, and, Amye, tu as sur moi trop. Fetis, Feb. 9, 1784, as Chimene, ou Le Cid, with
Supplement, i. 182
; a French adaptation of the text by Guillard,
CIBULKA, ALOJS, born in Prague, Feb. and with Madame de Saint-Huberti in the
22, 1768, died at Totis, Hungary, in 1845. principal part. H Gran Cid, music by Pic-
Instrumental and vocal composer he ; einni, represented at Naples, 1763 music ;
studied in Prague, became Correpetitor at by Paisiello, Florence, about 1776. H Cid

the National Theatre at Gratz, Styria, in delle Spagne, music by Fariuelli, Italy,
1794, and musical director of the Gei'man about 1797. II Cid, three acts, text by
Theatre at Pesth in 1798, the management Jacopo Ferretti, music by Luigi Savj, Parma,
of which he assumed in 1810. After his 1834. Der Cid, German opera, music by
resignation in 1823 he was made choir-mas- Neeb, Frankfort, 1857 text and music by ;
ter of the parish church. While living at Peter Cornelius, Weimar, 1865. Le Cid,
CIERA
French opera, text by Denuery, Gallet, and which he entered the service of the Ai'ch-
Blau, music by Massenet, represented in duke Charles, brother of Emjaeror Ferdi-
Paris, Dec. 1, 1885 the conijjoser's best nand n. In 1629 he returned to Loreto,
;
work. Chimene, German grand oijera in where he remained until his death. Cifra
three acts, music by Charles Wagner, Darm- was one of the leading composers of the
stadt, 1821. The same subject is treated in " great " Roman school ; like most of the
liodrigo, Itahan ojjera, music by Handel, immediate followers of Palestrina, he showed
Florence, 1708 nuisic by Sapienza, Naples,
; in his later compositions that he felt the in-
1823 Rodrigo und Chimene, German opera,
; fluence of the change that was then taking
by Aiblinger, Munich, 1821 Chimene et ; place in musical feeling, and he entered
Kodrigue, French opera, by Salieri, Paris, into the more modern spii-it of the times
1788 (not performed) Eodrigo di Valenzia, ; more thoroughly than might have been ex-
Italian opera, by F. Orlandi, about 1815 ;
pected of one who had won great renown
by Generali, Milan, 1817 Rodrigue de To- ; as a complete master of the stile osservato.
lede, French opera, by H. Litolif, Paris, He was a voluminous composer, and many
about 1850 (not performed). Don Rodrigo of his works were published. Works 1, :
Diaz da Bivar, der Cid, German grand opera Motetti a due, tre e quattro voci, books five
in four acts, text bj' Karl Schmidt, music (Rome, Soldi, 1600-1609) 2, Salmi per li ;
by Emil Meyer, Linz, 1848 Cid, music by ; vesperi, three books (Rome, 1601-1609) 3, ;
Willy B5hme, Dessau, Feb. 18, 1887. Salmi e motetti a 8 voci (Rome, Zanetti,
CIERA, IPPOLITO, born in Venice about Madrigali a cinque voci, three 1610) ; 4,
1512, died after 1569. Dominican monk, 1610-1615) books (Venice, Vincenti,
5, ;
and com2)oser of madrigals published under Motetti a due, tre e quattro voci (Venice,
the following titles Madrigali del labirinto 1611)
: 6, Salmi spezzati a 4 voci (Rome, ;
a quattro voci, libro primo (1554, reprint) Robletti, 1611); 7, Litanie a 8-12 voci;
II primo libro de' Madrigali a 5 voci (Venice, (Rome, 1613) 8, Scherzi ed arie a 1, 2, 3 e ;
1561). There are five other books of madri- 4 voci, per can tar nel clavicembalo, chitar-
gals for 5 voices. The
book has for rone, o altro simile istromento (Venice,
sixth
title : Madrigali a 5 (Rome, 1614) 9, Several sets of Madrigals (Venice,
voci, libro sesto ;
1623). In a collection of madrigals which 1616-1623); 10, Cinque libri di Messe

bears the title II Bel Giardino di fiori mu- (Rome, Soldi, 1619-1625) 11, Ricercari e
: ;
sicali (Venice, 1587), there are two of Ciera's cauzoni francesi a 4 voci (Rome, Soldi,
compositions.
Fetis Mendel. ; 1619) 12, Motetti a 4, 5, 6, 8 voci (Rome, ;
CIFOLELLI, GIOVANNI, Italian dra- Robletti, 1620) ; 13, Antifone e motetti per
matic composer who settled in France about tutto r anno a 2, 3, 4,5 voci (Rome, Gri-
1764. He wrote for the Conu'die Italienne gnani, 1625) ; 14, Motetti e salmi a 12 voci,
the works
following L'ltalienue, comic a tre cori (Venice, 1629)
: 15, Concerti ec- ;
opera in one words by Framery, 1770 clesiastici (posthumous), ten sets, contain-
act, ;
Pierre et Lucette, 1774. He also published ing over 200 motets (Rome, Antonio Pog-
a Methode de Mandoline (Paris). Fetis gioli, 1638).
The title-page bears a portrait
;
Mendel. of Cifra, tetatis 45. Ambros, iv. 98.

CIFRA, ANTONIO, born in Rome about CIGALE ET LA FOURMI, LA (The
1575, died at Loreto after 1629. A pupil Grasshopper and the Ant), animal comic
of Palestrina and Bernardino Nanini, he was opera, music by Edmond Audran, repre-
first maestro at the German college at sented at the Theatre de la Gaite, Paris,
Rome in 1610-20" he occupied a similar Oct. 30, 1886.

;
position at Loreto, and then for two years CBIA, ANDREA, born in Milan, about
in S. Giovanni in Laterano, Rome ; after the close of the 16th centurj'. Organist,
381
CIMA
brother of Giovanni Paolo Cinia. He was CIMADOR, GIAMBATTISTA, born in
maestro di cappella of the Church della Venice, in 1761, died in London about
Rosa, and subsequently of the Church of 1808. Violinist, violoncellist, and pianist ;
Sta. INIaria, Bergamo, one of the most im- said to have been a pupil of Haydn in com-
portant positions of the kind in Italj'. position. He produced an opera Pimma- :
Works: Concerti a 2, 3 e 4 voci, lib. 1 glione, Venice, 1788, which, not satisfied
(Milan, 1614) Concerti a 2, 3 e 4 voci, lib. with, he destroyed, renouncing dramatic
;
11 (Venice, 1627). Fctis ; Mendel. composition. Cherubini afterwards used the

CBIA, ANNIBALE, Italian words of several of the scenes for his Pimma-
composer of
the 16th century. Cimador settled in Loudon in 1791,
Several of his madrigals glione.
ai'e in the collection entitled De' floridi and became known by his arrangement of
:
virtuosi d' Italia, il terzo libro de' madri- Mozart's symphonies as 12 sextets for the
gali a cinque voci nuovamente composti e King's Theatre orchestra. He wrote some
dati in luce. (Vicenza, Giacomo Vincenti, vocal and instrumental music. Grove Fe- ;
1568.) Fetis ; Mendel. tis ; Mendel.

CIMA, GIOVANNI BATTISTA, born in CIMAROSA, DO:\IENICO, born at
the latter part of the 16th century. Organ- Aversa, near Na-
ist of the Church of S. Nazaro, Milan, but ples, Dec. 17,
towards the close of his life retired to Son- 1749, died in Ve-
drio, a little town of the Valtelliua. Works : nice, April 5,
2 books of concerti for two, three, and four 1801. His pa-
parts (Milan, 1626). In the Catalogue of rents were work-
the Ivings of Portugal are 2 of his books people of the
of motets for 4 voices. Fetis
Mendel. ; humblest class ;
CIMA, GIOVANNI PAOLO, born in his mother's con-

Italy about 1570, died (?). Oi'ganist, maes- fessor, Padre
tro di cappella of theChurch of S. Celso, Porzio, organist
Milan. He is best known by his canons, at a Neajjolitan
several of which Padre Angleria has in- convent, was so struck with the boy's talent
serted in his " Eegole del Contrappunto." that he gave him music lessons, and finally
Padre Martini gives an ingenious one as an agreed to be responsible for his entire edu-
example in his " Essai fondameutal pratique cation. He accordingly had him take sing-
de contrepoint fugue." Published works : ing lessons of Aprile, and in 1761 jjut him
Motetti a quattro (1599) Eicercate per; at the Conservatoi'io Santa Maria di Loreto,
r organo (Milan, 1602) Canzoui, conse-
; where he remained until 1772, studying
quenze, e contrappunti doppj, a 2, 3, e 4 composition under Fenaroli, until he had
(ib., 1609) Concerti ecclesiastici, a 1, 2, 3, acquired that perfect and elegant style which
;
4, e 8 voci con partitura (ib., 1610). Fetis

characterized composers taught at the Na-
;
Mendel. ples Conservatorio in the 18th century. In

CIMA, TULLIO, born at Ronciglione, 1772 he wrote his first opera bulfa, Le
beginning of the 17th century. Church stravaganze del conte, and from this mo-
composer who published the following to his death his career was an un-
ment
works Sacrse cantiones. Magnificat, etc.,
: broken chain of brilliant successes. From
2, 3 et 4 vocum, lib. 1 (1639) Sacrarum 1772 to 1780 he lived alternately at Rome
;
modulationum 2-5 vocum concin. liber quar- and Naples, writing twenty operas, among
tus (Rome, 1648) Salmi, Messa e Letanie them L' Italiana in Londra.
; In 1 780 Cima-
della B. M. V. a 3 voci, op. 7 (ib., 1673). rosa's fame was so well established that he

This last is a reprint. Fetis Mendel. was regarded as the worthy rival of Paisiello,
;
CIMAKOSA
who Lad, up to tbat time, occupied the first IMozart if he lacked somewhat of I\Iozart's
;
place among opera composers in Italy. depth of sentiment, he fully equalled him
Cimarosa's operas were given all over in humor and comic force. His greatest
Europe. In 1787 be accei^ted the invita- work was in opera buffa, yet some of his
tion of Catherine IE., to come to St. Peters- serious operas still deserve an honored place
bui-g, where he held the position of cham- ou the stage. He was the first to introduce
ber composer to the Czarina for several concerted pieces into the dramatic action
years. But the rigor of the Russian climate itself. A bust of Cimarosa was ordered of
at last forced him to return south, and in Cauova by Cardinal Consalvi, who also took
1792 he succeeded Salieri as court Kapell- charge of the composer's obsequies the ;
meister at Vienna, ou the invitation of Leo- bust was for a long time in the church of
pold II. Here he wrote his famous II ma- La Rotouda (Pantheon), at Rome it has ;
trimonio segreto, which has always been since been moved to the Capitol, where it
considered his masterpiece. On the Em- now is. Works, all operas, except where
peror's death iu the same year, Salieri was otherwise specified 1. Giuditta, oratorio, :
again appointed Kapellmeister, and in 1793 Rome, 1770 2. Le stmoaganze del conte, ;
Cimarosa returned to Naples, where he was Naples, 1772 3. Le pazzie di Stellidaura e ;
welcomed back with unbounded enthusiasm. Zoroastre, ib., 1772 4. La fiuta Parigina, ;
He wrote many admirable operas, until his Naples, 1773 5. L' Italiana iu Londra, ;
strong republican feelings, openly expressed Rome, 1774 0. La donna di tutti caratteri,
i
when the French army entered Naples in Naples, 1775 7. La Frascatana nobile, ib., ;
1799, got him into trouble with the govern- 1776 8. Gli sdegni per amore, ib., 1776
1 ; ;
ment he was imprisoned and condemned 9. Matrimonii in ballo, ib., 1770 10. II
; ;
to death, but King Ferdinand was prevailed fanatico per gli antichi Romaui, Naples,
upon to reprieve him ou condition of his 1777; 11. Le stravaganze d' amore, ib.,
leaving Naples. He set out for St. Peters- 1777; 12. La contessina, Naples, 1777;
burg, but got no farther than Venice, where 13. II giorno felice, cantata, 1777 14. Te ;
he died of an abdominal tumor. The Deum, 1777 15. I due baroni, Rome, 1777 ; ;
strangest rumors were current concerning 16. L' amor costaute, Naples, 1778 17. ;
his death, the general opinion being that II matrimonio per 1' industria, ib., 1778 ;
he was poisoned by order of the govern- 18. Finti uobili, Naples, 1778 19. L' Ar- ;
ment. Dr. Giovanni Piccioli, by order of mida immagiuaria, Naples, 1778 20. Gli ;
the court, published a cii'cular in which amanti comici, ib., 1778 21. II duello ;
the character of the mortal disease was set per complimento, Rome, 1779 22. II 3fa- ;
forth, but even this official document was triinonio per raggiro, ib., 1779 23. La ;
not universally believed. Cimarosa is one Circe, cantata, 1779 24. II rilorno di Don ;
of the great composers whose works have Calandrino, Rome, 1779 25. Litanies, ;
most unjustly been banished from the mod- 1779 26. Cajo Mario, Rome, 1780
; 27. ;
ern stage. His genius was of the finest, H mercato di Malmautile, ib., 1780 28. ;
his fertility of melodic invention positively Assalonte, Florence, 1780 29. L' infedelta ;
astounding, and, unlike most composers felice, Naples, 1780 30. II faleguame, Na- ;
who have become especially famous for ples, 1780 ; 31. L' aviso ai maritati, ib.,
their melodic fecundity, he Avas a master of1780 32. L' amante combattuto dalle don-
;
musical form. To great skill in treating ne di punto, ib., 1781 33. II trioufo della ;
the voice, and unsurpassed grace of melody, religione, oratorio, 1781 34. Alessandro ;
he added a rare power of musical develop- neir Lidie, Rome, 1781 35. Artaserse, ;
ment and a masterly use of the orchestra. Turin, 1781 36. II capriccio drammatico, ;
Of all Italian writers he most resembled ib., 1781 37. II martirio di Sau Gennaro,
;
;;;
,
CIMOSO
Naples, 1781 ; 38. L' amor contrastato, ib., 87. Artemisia, Venice, 1801. Cimarosawas
1782; whvzVo di pietra, Venice, 1782; also a collaborator with Asioli and several
39. II
40. La ballerina amante, Naples, 1782 41. ;
Nina e Martufifo, 1782 42. La villaua ri- ;
couosciuta, Naj^les, 1783 43. Oreste, Na- ;
ples, San Carlo, 1783 44. L' eroe cinese, other composers in Le C'inesi, Najjles, no
;
ib., Aug. 13, 1783 45. II jjiHore Parigino, date.

;
Elogio fuuebre estemporaneo, etc.,
Eome, 1783; 46. Chi d' altrui si veste presto ad onore del sempre chiaro e celeberrimo
si spoglia, Najjles, 1783 47. II baroue bur- scrittore in musica, D. Cimaro,sa, etc. (Ve-
;
lato, Venice, 1784 OHmpuuh', Na- ; 48. L' nice, 1801. The portrait of the composer
ples, 1784; 49. Due suppositi couti, Milan, in this publication was sujDpressed by the
1784; 50. Le statue parlauti, ib., 1784 51. ; police) ; Fetis ; Grove.
Two Masses, of which one is a Requiem, CIMOSO, GUIDO, bom at Vicenza, Feb.
1784 52. II marito disperato, Naples,
;
10, 1804, still living, 1888. Organist, pupil
1785 53. II credulo, ib., 1785
; 54. La ; of his father, an organist (born in Vienna,
donna al' sue peggior sempre s' appiglia, 1780, died at Venice, 1850). He was em-
ib., 1785 55. Gli amauti alia i^rova, ib.,
; ployed successively in different cities as or-
1786 56. La nascita del Delphiuo, can-
; ganist and orchestra conductor, and settled
tata, 1786 ; 57. Le trame deluse, Naples, at Trieste, where he occupied a position of
1786 ; 58. L' impremrio in angustie, ib., Among about
great artistic importance.
1786 ; 59. La baronessa Stramba, ib one hundred compositions of sacred and
1786 ; 60. d'Abramo, ib., 1786
II sacrifizio ;
secular music, the following are especially-
61. II 1787 62. H fantaico
Valdomiro, ib., ; noteworthy : Grande Studio di allegoric
burlato, Naples, 1787; 63. Le feste d' Apol- armouico-religiose, for full orchestra (gold
lo, ib., 1787 64. Gianniua e Bernadone,
; medal, Trieste, 1871) ; Grande Studio alle-
Naples, 1788 65. Lo sposo seuza moglie,

; gorico-musicale, for do. Fetis, Sui3j)lc'-
Naj)les, 1789 66. La felicita inaspettata,

; ment, i. 183.
St. Peter.sburg, 1790 67. Cleopatra, ib., ; CINESI, LE (The Chinese), Italian oper-
1790 68. Eequiem for the funeral of the
; etta in one act, text bj' Metastasio, music
Duchess of Serra Capriola, ib., 1790 69. ; by Georg Reutter, first represented in
La vergine del sole, ib., 1791 70. L' Atene ; 1735 in Vienna, and in 1753, with changes,
edificata, ib., 1792; 71. Five hundred sepa- in a country house of Prince Joseph of
rate pieces for the Russian Court, ib., 1792 ;
Saxe-Hildburghausen. Scene in a city of
72. II malrimonio segreto, Vienna, 1792 China. Characters represented Lisinga, :
73. La calamita de' cuori, ib., 1793 74. ; a noble Chinese maiden, sister of Silango ;
Amor rende sagace, ib., 1793; 75. 2 Dixit Sivene and Tangia, Chinese maidens, friends
Dominus, one written for the Emperor of of Lisinga Silango, a young Chinese, re-
;
Austria, the other for Prince Esterhazy, ib., turned from travelling in Europe, in love with
1793 ; 76. I traci amanti, Naples, 1793 Sivene. The libretto has been set to music
77. Le astuzie feminili, Naples, 1794 ; 78. also by Cimarosa, with Asioli and others.
Penelope, Naples, 1794 79. Gli Orazj e ; CINQ MAI, LE (The Fifth of May), can-
Curiazj, Venice, 1794; 80. II impegno su- tata for a bass voice, chorus, and orchestra,
perato, Naples, 1795 81. I nemici generosi, ; text by Beranger, music by Hector Berlioz,
Rome, 1796 82. Achille nel assedio di
; op. 6. Chant on the death of Napoleon I.,
Troja, Rome, 1798 83. L' imprudeute for- who died May 5, 1821.
; Full score and pi-
tunato, ib., 1798 84. L' apprensivo rag- anoforte score, Richault, Paris.
;
girato, Naples, 1798 85. La feliciti com- CINQ-MAES, French opera in four acts
;
pita, ib., 1798 86. Semiramide, ib., 1799 ; and five tableaux, text by Paul Poirson and
;
CINQUE
Louis Gallet, music by Charles Gouuod, de diverses devises, mascarades, chansons
liist lepreseuted at the Opera Comique, de musique et autres geutillesses (4to,
Paris, April 5, 1877. Subject from the Paris, Adrien Le Roy et Robert Ballard,
romance of the same name, by Alfred de 1582). The title of the first French op-
Vigiiy, dealing with the conspiracy of the eratic by Balta-
ballet-spectacle, prepared
Marquis de Cinq-Mars in the time of Car- zarini, and brought out on Sunday, Oct.
dinal Richelieu. The soprano cantilena, 15, 1581, in the salle du Petit-Bourbon in
"Nuit respleudissante," has become very the Louvre. Many of the first nobles of
poiuilar in the concert room. the realm took active part in it. The mu-
CINQUE, ERMENGILDO, lived in the sic was mostly, if not wholly, by Beaulieu
it is given
second half of the 18th century, died in and Maistre Salmon some of ;
1770. Works Dies irte, for four voices, in Burney.

:
One of the orchestral pieces,
" La Clochette,"' is the air now known as
with instrumental accompanimeut Canta- ;
" Amaryllis," wrongly attributed to Louis

tas for several voices, with orchestra, among
sogno XIII. Ludovic Celler, Les origiues de
which are Angelica e Medoro, and II
di Scipione Stabat Mater, for soprano and I'opora (Paris, 18G8)

;
Ambros, iv. 216 ;
contralto with orchestra all of Metastasio's Burney, iii. 279

;
'
Jullien, Histoire du cos-;
oratorios, for several voices, and orchestra tume au theatre (Paris, 1880), 3.
;
Eighteen sonatas for three violoncellos. CIRCE, the sorceress who entertained
FiHis Mendel.
;
Ulysses in her island home after changing
CIPRIANO-CORNIER, born in Venice several of his companions into swine, is the

operas Circe,
about 1750, died at Warsaw in 1789. Vio- subject of the following :
linist, pupil of Nazzari, went at an early French

tragedy in five acts and prologue,
Corneille, music by Char-
age to Poland, and became chamber mu- text by Tliomas
Sapieha. pentier, represented at the Theatre de la
sician and instructor to Prince
and accumulated a con- rue Guenegaud, March 17, 1675 also with
He won reputation ;
His compositions, inter- music, by Robert de Visee, Paris, about

siderable fortune.
preted by his exquisite cantabile playing, 1690 text revised
by Dancourt, and music
;
were in great demand. Mendel. rewritten by Gilliers, 1705. Circe, French

text
tragedy in five acts, with prologue,
CIRCASSIENNE, LA, opt'ra-comique in lyric
three acts, text by music by Auber, by Mme Gillot de Saintonge, music by Des-
Scribe,
marets, given in Paris, Oct. 1, 1691. Circe,
represented at the Opera Comique, Paris, j
Feb. 2, 1861. Plot original, scene in the 1

English opera, text by Davenant, prologue
Caucasus. Russian officers while away the by Dryden, epilogue by Lord Rochester,
tedium of garrison life by playing Dalay- music by John Bannister, given at the Dor-
rac's opera, Adolphe Alexis Zou- set Garden Theatre, London, 1677.
et Clara.
Circe,
who, under the Italian opera, music by Giovanni Domeuico

boil", a beardless lieutenant,
Cimarosa, two
name of Prascovia, has masqueraded in Freschi, Venice, 1679 by ;
and Milan, 1783 by

female costume and inspired a passion in acts, Rome, 1779, ;
Giuseppe Gazzaniga, Venice, 1786; by

General Orsakoff, essays the part of Clara.
Prascovia, Peter von Winter, Munich, 1788 (not per-
Orsakoff recognizes in Clara his
Paer, Venice, 1791.
and Alexis humors his blind infatuation formed) by Ferdinand ;
until he obtains from him the hand of his Circe,

German opera, music by Reiser,
Circe abbandonata, Ital-
ward Olga, when he resumes his uniform. Hamburg, 1731.
ian opera, text by Aurelio Aurelj, music
See FatinUza.
by Pollarolo, Piacenza and Parma, 1692,
CIRCfi, ou le ballet comique de la royne,
due de Joyeuse and Venice, 1697. Gli amori di Circe
faict aux nopces de M. le
Ulisse, Itahan opera, text by Giovanni
et de Mademoiselle de Vaudemont, rempli con
ass
CIRILLO
Battista Aucioni, music by Badiii, Diesileii, 1730 ; l)y Giuseppe Ferraudiui, Munich,
1709. Circe delusa, Italian opera, text by 1733 by Picciuui, 1759 by Capotorti, ; ;
Falieri, music by Giuseppe Boniventi, Ven- Naples, 1805. Ciro in Armenia, Italian
ice, 1711. Circe ed Ulisse, Italian opera, by opera, by Maria Teresa Agnesi, Milan, 1771.
Astaritta, Naples, by Gioaccbino Al- Ciro in Babilonia, Italian opera, text by
1777 ;
bertini, Hamburg, La maga Circe, Metastasio, music bj* Rossini, Ferrara, 1812
1785. ;
Italian opera, by Anfossi, two acts, Eome, music by Raimondi, Rome, about 1820.
1788. See also Uh/fises. Ciro ricouosciuto, music by Albinoni, rep-
CIRILLO, FRANCESCO, dramatic com- resented at Rome, 1710 by Scarlatti, ;
poser, living at Naj^les, about tbe middle of Rome, 1712 by Leo, Naples, 1727. ;
the 17th century. He wrote the following CIRRI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA, born in
operas, given in that city Orontea, regiua Forli, about 1710.
: Violoncellist and com-
d' Egitto (1G54:) II ratto di Elena (1655). poser, son of Iguazio Cirri, organist and
;
Fetis Mendel.
;
composer (1716). He lived some time in
CIRO RICONOSCIUTO (Cyrus Recog- England. His first work, quartets for two
nized), Italian ojjera in three acts, text by violins, viola, and violoncello, was published
Metastasio, lirst set to music by Caldara, in Florence (1763). This was followed by
and rej)resented in Vienna, Aug. 28, 1736, sixteen other works, also quartets, publish-
in honour of the birthday of the Empress ed in Florence, Paris, and London. His
Elizabeth. Scene on the borders of Media. 18th work, six trios for violin, viola, and
Characters represented Astiage, King of violoncello, was published in Venice (1791).
:
Media, and father of Mandane Mandane, Fetis; Mendel. ;

wife of Cambise and mother of Ciro Ciro, CLAEPIUS, "S^TLHELM HERMANN, ;
under the name of Alceo, a shepherd and born at KOthen, Anhalt, Aug. 20, 1801, died
putative son of Mitridate Arpago, confid- there, Aug. 11, 1868. Singer, im])il of
;
ant of Astiage and father of Arixalice Ai-- Mieksch at Dresden, whither he went in;
palice, confidant of Mandane Mitridate, 1823, and where Weber befriended him and
;
shepherd of the royal flocks Cambise, a procured him an engagement as basso at

;
Persian j^rince, husband of Mandane and the Opera. In 1825 he was engaged as
father of Ciro, disguised as a shepherd. singer and actor at Bremen, in 1828 at
The libretto has been set to music also by Brunswick, and in 1829 he went as choir-
Jommelli, Italy, about 1744 by John Chris- director to Magdeburg. In 1834-42, and
;
topher Smith, London, about 1715 by Jo- again in 1847-48, he occupied a similar po-
;
hann Adolph Hasse, Dresden, 1751 by sition at the KOuigsstiidtische Theater in ;
Sarti, Copenhagen, 1756 by Gioacchino Berlin, where he resided for several years
;
Coechi, London, 1759 by Beuda, Gotha, afterwards, before retiring to his native
;
1766 by Borghi, Venice, 1771 by Brizzio, city. He comjjosed the music to a number
; ;
Ferrara, about 1800 by Tarchi, Piacenza, of dramas and ballets, besides overtures,
;
1796. Cyrus und Astiages, German grand entr'actes, sti'ing quartets, and many songs.
opera, text by Collin, three acts, music by Mendel.
von Mosel, Vienna, 1818. Cyrus und Kas- CL.\GGET, CHARLES, born in London
sandra, music by J. D. Heusel, Vienna, in 1755, died there in 1820. Instrumental
about 1800. Other works on the same or a composer, and inventor and improver of
similar subject are Ciro, Italian opera, musical instruments.
: Among his composi-
music by Cavalli and Matiolli, Venice, tions are Six duos for two flutes do. for ; ;
1665 by Francesco Conti, text by Pariati, violins do. for violin and violoncello, op.
; ;
Vienna, 1715 by Attilio Ariosti with Bo- 5. He published also a description of some
;
iionciui, Loudon, 1721 by Duni, Italy, of his instruments, under the title Musi-
; :
;
CLAIR
ciilI'heuomeua (London, 17i);5). IVHis
1845 Gibby la Cornemuse, ib., 1846;
ib., ; ;
Grove Mendel ; ; Schilling. Quichotte et Saucho, ib., 1847 JeanneDon ;
CLAIR. See Le Clair. la Folle, grand opera. Opera, 1848 La ;
CLAJEEMBAULT, LOUIS NICOLAS, statue equestre, Ojx'ra Comique, 1850 Les ;
born in Paris, Dec. 19, 167G, died there, mysteres d'Udolphe, ib., 1852 Dans les ;
Oct. 2G, 171:9. Organist, jjupil of Eaison, vignes. La promise, Theatre Lyrique, 1854 ;
whom be succeeded as organist of the Fanchonette, ib., 1856 Margot, ib., 1857 ; ;
Church of the Jacobins, in the rue Saiut- Le coffret de Saint-Dominique, Salle Herz,
Jaques. He was afterward organist of the 1855 Les amoureux de Perrette, Baden-Ba- ;
Church of St. Louis, of the parish of St. den, 1855 Le Sylphe, ib., 1856 Les trois ; ;
Sulpice, of the Eoyal House at St. Cyr, and Nicolas, Opera Comique, 1858 Madame ;
superintendent of the music of Mme de Gregoire, Theatre Lyrique, 1860. His song,
Maintenon. He published iive books of "Postilion de Mam' Ablou," was celebrated.
cantatas, of which Orphce is considered He wrote quartets for male voices and many
his best. His first published work was choruses. Fetis do., Supplement, i. 184 : ; ;
Deux livres de clavecin (1707). Mendel.

de pic'ces
He wrote Un office comjjlet a I'usage de
: CLARCHIES, (LOUIS) JULIEN, born at
I'Abbaye de St. Cyr, and Un livre d'orgue Curasao, Dec. 22, 1769, died in Paris in
contenant deux suites du premier et du 1814. Violinist, pupil of Capron on the
second ton (Paris, 1710). He produced violin, and of Cambini in composition. He
also at the Opera Le soleil vainqueur was celebrated for the peculiar elegance
:
des nuages, 1721 and wrote an Idyl, per- and style with which he played contre-
;
formed at the Court, called : Le depart du danses, then very popular. He published
roi, 1745. His son, Cesar Franyois Nico- fifteen collections of contredanses for vio-
las Clurambault, was organist of St. Sul- lin ; Un air and Trois ceuvres de
varie,
pice, Paris, until his death, Oct. 9, 1760. duos, for violin ; Un
air varie pour alto ;
He published works for the harpsichord Un oeuvre de duos pour clarinette and ro- ;

and the organ. Fetis do., Supplement, i. ; mances pour violon. Fetis.
187 ; Mendel. CLARENTINI, ]MICH1-:LE, born in Ve-
CLAPISSON, ANTONIN LOUIS, born rona in the second half of the 16th century.
in Naples, Sept. 15, 1808, died in Paris, Composer of motets which were published
March 19, 18()6. Violinist and dramatic in a collection under the title Moteta 2 et :
composer, pupil at the Conservatoire from 3 vocum, cum basso ad organum (Venice,
1830 to 1835, under Habeneck for violin, 1621). Fetis.
and Reicha for composition. His two op- CLAEER, THEODOR, born at Doebern,
eras La promise (1854:), and La fanchon-
: Bavaria, in 1764, died (?). Church singer
ette (1S5G), are the only ones which were and composer, pvipil of Pater Franz Sehnet-
popular, althougli the others contain much zer, canon of Ottobeuern, and of Benedict
fine orchestration. Legion of Honour, 1847 Kraus, who had been a maestro di cappella
Member of the lustitut, 1854 Professor of ; in Venice. He was appointed director of
harmony at the Conservatoire in the same music at Ottobeuern in 1785, and held that
j'ear. His collection of ancient instruments position till the extinction of the order,
of music is now in the museum of the Con- when he was made pastor. He composed
servatoire. Works
Oiêras La figurante, a great deal of church music, which was
:
given at the Opera Coniique, 1838 La sym- held in much estimation by Haydn.- Fetis.
;

phonic, ib., 1839; La perruclie, ib., 1840; CLARI, Italian opera senii-seria in three
Le pendu, Frere et niari, 1841
ib., Le acts, music by Halevy, represented at the
;
code noir, ib., 1842 ; Les bergers trumeaux, Theatre Italien, Paris, Dec. 9, 1828. This
;
CLAEI
opera, in which the principal role ^Yas sus- sic in 1865. While studying for the min-
tained by Mme
Malibran, contains some istry at Oxford, he was organist of Exeter
remarkable music and added much to the College became curate at Lewes, Sussex ; ;
composer's reputation. Clari, the Maid of then studied at the Conservatorium, Leip-
Milan, English opera in three acts, text by sic, under Richter, Reiuecke, etc., and in
John Howard Paiue, music by Bishop, given Stuttgart under Lebert, Pruckner, and Krii-
at Covent Garden, LondoD, 1823. The sub- cer. In 1873 he returned to Loudon, and
ject of both these works is identical with represented English organ playing at the
that of the ballet of the same name, by Ro- Paris Exhibition in 1878. Bac. Mus., Ox-
dolphe Kreutzer, Paris, 1820. Musical ford, 1867. Works : Voluntaries, andantes,
Rev., V. 54:5. melodies, marches, communions, offertories,
CLARI, GIOVANNI CARLO MARIA, impromptus, gavottes, minuets, fantasias,
born in Pisa in 1GG9, died about 1745. improvisations, etc., for organ Marches, ;
Church composer, student at Bologna un- dances, nocturnes, niorceaux de salon,

der Colonna. He wrote an opera, II savio studies for pianoforte Kyrie eleison, and
;
delirante, which was given at Bologna in Sanctus from communion service (2) Mag- ;
1695, with great success, but he is best nificat and Nunc dimittis Songs, and part- ;
known as a composer of madrigals for two songs.

and three voices. A collection of these, CLARK, JEREMIAH, born about 1668
published in 1720, was reprinted by Carli, (1670 ?), died near London, by suicide, Dec.
Paris, in 1823, with a pianoforte accompani- 1, 1707. Dramatic comjjoser, chorister in
ment by Mirecki. In them is apparent an ap- the Chapel Royal under Dr. Blow. In 1693
jjroach towards the modulation of later times he became organist of Winchester College,
which helps to mark an epoch in composi- but succeeded Dr. Blow in 1693 as almoner
tion, and this, together with his novel treat- and master of the children of St. Paul's
ment of the fugue, stamps him as a progres- Cathedral, and in 1695 was appointed or-
sive composer. Works Dextera Domiue : ganist and vicar choral of St. Paul's. In
for four voices Beuedictus for two choirs
; ;
1700 he and his fellow puiîl, William Croft,
Ave Maris Stella, four voices and orchestra ;
were named gentlemen extraordinary of the
Domiue for do.; Mass for five voices, two Chapel Royal, and in 1704 joint organists.
violins, viola, and organ (Pistoja, 1712) ;
He was the original composer of Drydeu's
Credo for four voices Psalms for do. De ; ; famous ode, "Alexander's Feast," performed
profundis for do. and organ Requiem mass ; at Stationers' Hall on the feast of St. Ce-
for nine voices, two violins, viola, and organ ;
cilia, in 1697, the music of which is now
Mass for four voices a cappella (Pisa, 1736) probably lost. Works Music to the fol- :
do. with two violins and organ. In the lowing plays Antony and Cleopatra, 1677
: ;
royal library at Copenhagen is a Stabat Ma- The Fond' Husband, 1676 Titus Andron- ;
ter in C minor for four voices with orches- icus, 1687 The World in the Moon (with
;
tra. Grove ; Fetis ; Mendel. Purcell), 1697 The Island Princess (with
;
CLARK, FREDERICK SCOTSON, born Purcell and Leveridge), 1699 Ode in ;
in London, Nov. 16, 1840, died there, July praise of the island of Barbadoes Alexan- ;
5, 1883. Organist, pupil in Paris of Ser- der's Feast, ode The Assumption, cantata
; ;
gent on the pianoforte and in harmony, of Anthems Ten songs, op. 4 Lessons for the
; ;
Edward John Hopkins on the organ, and at harpsichord. Grove; Fetis Barrett, Eng- ;
the Royal Academy of Music of Bennett, lish Church Composers, 104 Harmonicon, ;
Goss, Engel, Pinsuti, and Pettit. He was 1832, 264 ; Athenrenra (1887), L 457.
organist successively of several churches in CLARKE, HUGH ARCHIBALD, born
London, where he founded a college of mu- of Scottish parents in Toronto, Canada, Aug.
338
; ;
CLAEKE
Organist, pupil do. to Eugene Aram, op. 199, 1879 do. to
15, 1839, still living, 1888.
;
of Lis father, James Tnton Clarke (Mus. Zillah, op. 201, 1879 ; do. to the Iron Chest,
Doc, Oxford, profes- op. 202, 1879 ; do. to Merchant of Venice,
Upper op. 203, 1879 do. to Corsican Brothers,

sor of music in ;
Canada University). 208, 1880 ; do. to The Cup, op. 214, 1881 ;
Since 1875 he has held Music to a ballet, op. 136, Alexandra Pal-
the position of profes- ace, 1875 First Symphony, in F, op. 101,
;
sor of music in the Uni- 1873 Second do., in G minor, op. 122,
;
versity of Pennsylva- 1879 Saltarello, for orchestra, op. 98 First

; ;
nia, from which in Coucerto for pianoforte and orchestra, op.

188G he received the 78 ; First quartet for violins, viola and vio-
degree of Mus. Doc. loncello, op. 93 Polonaise for pianoforte and
;
He was several for orchestra, op. 209 ; The Lord is my light,
years leader of The Abt, male singing so- anthem in eight parts, op. 44 ; Organ mu-
ciety, Philadelphia, which was disbanded in sic, songs, part-songs, etc.
1876. In connection with Charles H. Jar- CLARKE, JOHN, called afterwards
in Gloucester, Eng-
vis,of Philadelphia, Clarke gave a series of Clarke-Whitfeld, born
died at Holmer, near
historical concerts in that city ; since 1875 land, Dec. 13, 1770,
Hereford, Feb. 22, 1836. Organist, pupil
he has been organist of the Presljyterian
Church. "Works Overture and Choruses :
at Oxford of Dr. Philip Hayes. He was ap-
to Aristophanes's Acharnians, 1886 Songs ;

pointed organist of the parish church of
Pianoforte music. He is the author of a Ludlow in 1789, and organist of Armagh
Cathedral, Ireland, in 1795, but resigned
treatise on Harmony, and of instruction
books for the pianoforte and organ. the same year to become organist and mas-
CLARKE, JAMES HAjSHLTON, born in ter of the choristers of St. Patrick's Cathe-
dral and Christ Church, Dublin. In 1798
Birmingham, England, Jan. 25, 1840, still
living, 1888. Dramatic comiôser, chiefly he returned to England and became organ-
self taught. He was organist successively ist and master of the choristers of Trinity
Colleges, Cambridge. From
at Birmingham (1852), Parsonstown, Ire- and St. John's
land (1862), Dublin (1863), Belfast (1865), 1820 to 1833 he was organist and master of
South Kensington, Lou- choristers at Hereford Cathedral. He took
Oxford (1866-7),
Oxford, in
don (1871-2) travelled as conductor of the the degree of Mus. Bac, at
;
Carlotta Patti concert troupe in 1873, and 1793 Mus. Doc, Trinity College, Dublin, ;
Cambridge, 1799 Mus.

with a company performing the Sorcerer in 1795 Mus. Doc,
;
;
1810 and he was elected

1878 was leader of the Opera Comique in Doc,
;
Oxford, ;
professor of Music at Cambridge in 1821.

London, 1874-5, and musical director of
the Lyceum Theatre, 1878, He assumed the name of Whitfeld on the
etc. Works :
death of a maternal uncle. Works Cathe-

Castle Botherem, or An Irish Stew, operetta,
:
Martial Law, a musical dral Services and

Anthems (4 vols., 1805),
op. 206, 1880 ;
by Novello Twelve Glees (1805)

comedietta, op. 183 Praise, sacred cantata, reprinted
;
;
The Crucifixion and the Resurrection, ora-

op. 68, 1867 Overtures Thanistene, op.
; :
Twelve Songs (2
Ballet overture, op. 100 Overture torio (Hereford, 1822)
;
7, 1859 ; ;
of single and double

composed for Birket Foster, op. 102, 1874 vols., n. d.) Selection ;
;
Overture to chants (2 vols., n. d.) and many other ;

Concert overture, op. 123 ;
songs, etc. He edited also the Vo-

Hamlet, op. 134, 1875 Rob Roy, op. 137 glees, ; ;
Handel (17 vols., London,

Nanon, op. 187 Lady of Lyons, op. 197, cal Works of
;
and 1809). Grove Fctis Riemann, 170 ;

1879 ;
1880 Overture
Cecile, op. 21o! ;
; ;
incidental music to Hamlet, op. 192, 1878 ;

Mendel.
;
CLARKE
CLARKE, WILLL\M HORATIO, born oratorios. Works : Belsazar, oratorio for 4
of Americau parentage, in Newtou, Massa- voices, chorus and orchestra ; Die Tochter
chusetts, 1840, still living, 1888. Micheli und
Organist, Jejjhta's, do. for 3 voices, etc. ;
when opera (sequel to Clierubiui's

a lad played the violin in the choir of sein Sohn,
one of the Newton churches, and studied Watercarrier), given in Hamburg, 1806 ;
the organ under several teachers. Li 1856, Welcher ist der Eechte, comic ojsera, ib.,
he became organist of the Congregational 1811 Pater Noster, for 4 voices Das Lob ; ;
Church of Norwood, Mass. ; 1857, Unita- des HOchsten, hymn for contralto or bass,
rian Church, Dedhaiu, Mass. ; 1859, Berke- and organ ; Trio for jîanoforte, violin and
lej' Street Congregational Church, Boston ;
violoncello, op. 4 ; Fantasia for jjianoforte
1861, Church, Wo-
First Congregational and violoncello, op. 8 ; Sonata for piano-
burn, Mass. 1865, Berkeley Street Congre-
; forte and violin, op. 10 ; Rondo for piano-
gational Church, Boston 1866, First Con- ; forte, op. 9 ; Two fantasias for do., op. 13
gregational Church, Woburn, Mass. 1869, ; and 14. Fetis ; Mendel ; Schilling.
Unitarian Church, ib. 1873, First Metho- ; CLAUDINE VON VILLA BELLA, dra-
dist Church, Erie, Peuu. 1875, First Bap- ; ma by Goethe, music by Johann Andre,
tist Church, Indianapolis 1878, Treiuont ; Berlin, about 1780 music by Gottfried We- ;
Temple, Boston 1880, Jarvis Street Bap-

; ber, Stuttgart, 1783 by Ignaz von Beecke, ;
tist Church, Toronto, Canada 1884, Plym- ; Vienna, 1784 by Reichardt, Charlotten-
;
outh Congregational Church, Indianapolis ;

biirg, 1790 by Friedrich Schneider, Leiji-
;
1886, First Baptist Church, Rochester, New sic, 1807 by Blum, Berlin, 1810 by Eber-
; ;
York. At present (1888) he is settled in weiu, Rudolstadt, 1815 by Franz Schu- ;
Bostou as a teacher of music, and is organ- bert, 1815 (not performed two acts burned ;
ist of the First Congregational Church of by accident in 1848 tirst act preserved in ;
Woburn. In 1871 he was engaged as su- library of the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde,
perintendent of musical instruction in the Vienna. See Helborn (Coleridge), i. 09) by ;
public schools of Dayton, Ohio. He has Kienlen, Augsburg, 1817 by Franz Gliiser, ;
had wide experience as an organist, and Pesth, 1826 by Drechsler, about 1830 by
; ;
possesses an unusual knowledge of his in- Franz Schneider, about 1830 by Heinrich ;
strument. Works Home Recreations for : Wilhelm Stolze, about 1840 by Peter Mul- ;
Organ (1866) Short Voluntaries for the

; ler, about 1850 by Graf von Hochberg,;
Organ (1869) Reed Organ Melodies (1877)

; Schwerin, 1864 and by Franz Knajjpe, ;
Anthems and Responses (1879) Short Gems ; Diisseldorf, 1882.

for the Organ (1886). He has written also CLAUFEN, JOHANN GOTLOB, organ-
several books on organ instruction, such as ist at Auerbach, about the middle of the
New Method for Reed Organs (1869), of 16th century. He composed trios for the
which more than 100,000 cojsies have been organ, preludes for chorals on two man-
sold Outline of the Structure of the Pipe uals and pedal, which were never published,
;
Organ (1877) Harmonic School for the but of wliich many copies exist in Germany.
;
Organ (1878). Fctis.

CLASING, JOHANN HEINRICH, born CLAUSS, VICTOR, born at Bernburg,
in Hamburg, Germany, 1779, died there Auhalt, Nov. 24, 1805, still living, 1888.
Feb. 8, 1829. Dramatic composer, and Organist, pupil of Friedrich Schneider at
pianist, pupil of Sclnvencke, early won rep- Dessau. He became organist in his native
utation as an excellent teacher, and did much city in 1828, founded a chlaral society for
towards the promotion of musical life in sacred music, in the interest of which he
Hamburg. He also edited Handel's works, visited the principal cities of Germany in
and arranged the pianoforte scores of his 1830-31. In 1834 he was made ducal di-
CLAUSSEX
rector of music at Bernburg, and in 1837 at Gallery of Illustration, and other London
Biillenstildt. He has published composi- theatres
Court and Cottage, 1862 Con-
:
;
tious for orgau and pianoforte, and songs. stance, 1865 Ages Ago, 1869 The Gentle-
; ;
Mendel. man in Black, 1870 Happy Arcadia, 1872 ;

;
CLAUSSEN, WILHELM, born at The Jllack Crook, 1873 Cattarina, 1874 ;

;
Seliwerin, in 1843, died there, Dec. 22, Princess Toto, Don Quixote, 1875 The ;
1869. Composer, pupil at Stern's Conser- Golden Eing, 1883 Music to " Twelfth ;
vatorium in Berlin he took the prize Night," and other dramas The Knights of
; ;
which Meyerbeer founded at Berlin iu 1868, the Cross, cantata, 1866 Lalla Kookh, do., ;
for an overture, and with the means thus 1877 Songs, part-songs, etc. Grove.
;
gained visited France and Italy. Several CLAYTON, THOMAS, one of the royal
of his pianoforte pieces and songs were band in the reign of William and Mary.

published after his death. Fetis, Supple- Having studied in Italy, he undertook to
ment, i. 185 Mendel.
; reform EuglLsh musical taste by performing
CLAVli, JOSE ANSEL5I0, born in Bar- his own compositions. Having associated
celona, April 21, 182-1:, died there in Feb- himself with Nicolo Francesco Haym, and
ruary, 1874. He became famous in Spain Charles Dieupart, both good musicians,
'
for his popular songs and choruses he in- he produced Arsinoe, in 1705, with some
;
troduced choral singing and established success but when he subsequent]}' at-
;
the first musical society in 1851, and or- tempted to compose the music for Addi-
ganized the first popiular musical festival in son's opera, Rosamund, and Dryden's Alex-
Spain, Sept. 17, 1860, which led to great ander's Feast, altered by Hughes, he failed
results. He composed many zarzuelas, or lamentablv. Grove Fetis; Mendel. ;

comic operas. Fetis, Supplement, i. 185 CLEANSE THEE, O ^^^: SOUL, FROM
;
Mendel, Ergiinz., GL SIN. See llache dich, meiu Herze, rein.

CL.WEL, JOSEPH, born in Nantes, CLEMENS NON PAPA (Jacques Cle-
Dec. 20, 1800, died at Sillc-le-Guillaume, ment), called, born in Flanders ? died before
Aug. 31, 1852. Violinist, admitted as pupil 1558. All that is known of his life is that
at the Paris Conservatoire in 1813, studied he succeeded Gombert as maitre de cha-
the violin under Kreutzer, took the first pelle to Charles V. It is probable that he
prize iu 1818, and became in 1819 adjunct spent several year.s in Italy. Ambros calls
professor. He acted as leader of second him the greatest Flemish composer between
violins at the concerts of the Conservatoire, Gombert and Orlando Lasso, and says that
and was first violinist at the Theatre It- his Vox in Rama, his Maria, vernans
alien for ten years, entering the orchestra of rosa, and his Angelus ad pastores (Christ-
the Opera at the exjairatiou of that time. mas motet), show that he was but a stejj
I
Works Deux ceuvi-es de duos pour deux behind Palestrina. His fame and popular-
:
violons, alto et basse Trois senates Airs ity are indicated by his nickname, chosen
; ;
varies ;
Romances for violin. Fetis do., to distinguish him from Pope Clement VH.,
;
Supplement, i. 185 IMendel. ; and by the numerous editions of many of

\
CLAY, FEEDEllICK, born of English his works published in various jjarts of Eu-
parents in Paris, Aug. 3, 18-10, still living, rope. He was a man decidedly in advance
1888. Dramatic composer, pupil of Mo- of his time, and some of his works might be
lique, and at Leipsic of Hauptinann. He mistaken, even by connoisseurs, for compo-
produced first in private circles The Pi- sitions by Palestrina. His popularity, how-
:
rate's Isle, 1859 Out of Sight, 1860 ; and ever, like that of many of his contempora-
;
since then has brought out the following ries, did not long outlive him ; the rising
operas and operettas at Covent Garden, the genius of Orlando Lasso threw too many of
331
;: ;
CLEMENT
that great man's Flemish predecessors into opposed by his parents, he took lessons in
the shade. Works : Ten masses, one for 6 harmony and composition without their
voices, five for 5 voices, four for -1 voices, pub- knowledge from Moucouteau, the blind
lished separately (Louvain, Petrus Phalesi- organist of Saint-Sulpice. When thirteen
us, 1556-1559) Cautionum sacrarum qua-
; years old he composed a mass which was per-
tuor vocum, lib. I.-Vn. (ib., 1567) Chan- formed by the Soeiete Orj)heonique. He
;
sons franyaises a quatre parties (ib., 1569) was organist of Notre Dame de la Pitie for
Missa defuuctorum (ib., 1580) Seven books five years, and then preceptor in a family
;
of Flemish psalms (Souter Liedekeus) in Normandy. He returned to Paris in

;
Tylman Snsato, 1556, etc. (Four books also 1840, and was, from 1843 to 1860, ^jrofessor
in connection.) Various comjôsitions of of music at the College Stanislas. He was
Clement are in the following collections appointed by the government, in 1849, to
66 motets (seven for G voices, thirty-eight take charge of the music of the Sainte
for 5 voices, tvsrenty-one for 4 voices) in Chajselle on all public occasions and he ;
"Novum et insigne opus etc." was also honorary maitre de chapelle of

. . .
(Nuremberg, 1558) 92 motets in the first the Sorbonne and of the College Stanis-
;
six books " Sacrarum cantionum quas vul- las, and incumbent of the Lycee Louis-
go motetas vooant " (Louvain, 1559) 12 le-Grand. Works Le dormem- eveille, or
; :
2)salms in parts I., III., and LV. of the col- Abou Hassan, comic ojjera. Theatre Ly-
lection by Moutauus und Neuber (Nurem- rique (1847) Choruses for Racine's Athalie
;
berg) 11 motets in "Lib. secuudus select, (1858)

; Deux savants, comic opera (1858)
;
cant." (Ulhard, 1548) 42 motets in Com- also motets, romances, a collection of mel-
;
mer's "Collectio op. mus. Batavorum saec. odies, and other music. But he is best
XVI. " Motets in " Motetti del labirinto known by his critical and bibliograiihical
;
(Venice, 1554); Motets in "Liber primus works, such as " Histoire generale de la
:
musarum cum quatuor vocibus, seu sacrse musique religieuse " (Paris, 1861) " Les ;
cantiones, quas vulgo motetas appellant" musieiens celebres depuis le seizieme siecle
(Milan, 1558) Three motets in Proske's
; jusqu'a uos jours " (Paris, 1866) ; and " Dic-
" Musica Divina " Chansons in "Premier
; tioimaire des operas " (Paris, 1869
4 sup- ;
livre des chansons a quatre parties " (Lou- plements to 1880). Grove Fetis do.. Sup- ; ;
vain, 1558) and in Recueil des Fleurs, etc."

; plement, i. 186 Mendel Riemann. ; ;
(ib., 1569). Ambros, iii. 307. CLEMENT, FRANZ JOSEPH, born in

CLEMENT, CHARLES FRANCOIS, Vienna, Nov. 19, 1784 (1780?), died there,
born in Provence about 1720. Professor Nov. 3, 1842. Violinist and conductor, pu-
of the harpsichord and dramatic composer. pil of his father and of Kurzweil he began ;
He produced in 1756 La pipoe, a parody of to play the violin at the age of four, and
the ojjera, II paratagi, by Jommelli, at the at seven made his first aj^pearance in a con-
Theatre Italien, and La Bohemienne, at the cert in the Imperial Opera House. Travel-
Opera Comique. He wrote also two canta- ling with his father, he went in 1790 to
tilles entitled Le dc'part des guerriers, London, where he gave concerts conducted
:
and Le retour des guerriers Un livre de by Haydn and Salomon. On his return to
;
pieces de clavecin avec accompagnement de Vienna in 1802, he was appointed solo vio-
violon and collections of pieces for the linist to the emperor, and conductor of the
;
harpsichord (Paris, 1762, 1763, 1764, 1765). Theater an der Wien. He travelled in
He was the author also of several theoretical Russia and Germany in 1812-18, and in

works. Fc'tis Mendel.
; 1822 conducted for Catalani in Prague.
CLEMENT, FlilLrX, born in Paris, Jan. He was remarkable for technical skill, and
13, 1822, died there, Jan. 31, 1885. Strongly for intonation. He published for his in-
CLEMENT
stiument twenty-five concertiuos, sis con- artist's playing on the clavecin, that he asked
certos, twelve studies, and many other his father to allow Muzio to follow him to
pieces ; also several compositions for jDiano- England, promis- __
i'orte and orchestra, three overtures for or- ing to provide for
chestra, and an opera. AUgem. d. Biog., the boy's further
iv. 319 ; Mendel
Fd'tis ; ; Schilling ; Wasie- education. The
lewski, Die Violiue und ihre Meister, 354 proposal was ac-
CLEMENT, JOHANN GEORG, born in cepted, and Clem-
Breslau, about 1710, died (?). He was Ka- enti followed
pellmeister more than fifty years of the Beckwith to his
Church of St. Johann, Breslau. Works home in Dorset-:
Masses, offertories, Te Deum, etc., and a shire; here he

Requiem performed at the funeral of the diligently pui'-
Emperor Charles VI., 17J:2. None of these sued his studies
wei'e published. Eutis ; Mendel. paying especial attention to the
until 1770,
CLEMENT Y CAVEDO, MANUEL, born works of Bach, Handel, Domeuico Scarlatti,
at Gandia, Valencia, Jan. 1, 1810, still liv- and Paradies. At the expiration of this
ing, 1888. He was first organist in his na- time he had not only surpassed all his con-
tive town, then in Algemesi, and later in temporaries as a pianist, but had written his
Valencia. In 1810-50 he taught in Guc'ret, opus 2, which may be regarded as the true
France, then settled in Madrid, where he type of the j)ianoforte sonata in its j)erfected
j)ublished an elementary work, Grammatica form. He now went to London, where his
Musicale, and an opera, Las rosas majicas, success was phenomenal. From 1777 to
1853. In 1855, at the request of General 1780 he was cembalist (conductor) at the It-
Espartero, he furnisheil a plan for the ref- alian Opera. In 1781 he began his profes-
ormation of musical studies at the Conser- sional travels, giving concerts in Paris, Stras-
vatorio. He is the author of a zarzuela, burg, Munich, and Vienna, and always with
Tres para uno (185G), and of various ballads the greatest success. In Vienna he met

and romances. Fetis, Supplement, i. 187 Haydn and Mozart, and, at the request of
;
Riemann. Emperor Joseph H., engaged in a sort of

CLEMENTI, MUZIO, born in Rome, musical contest with the latter (^Mozart's let-
1752, died at Evesham, England, March 9, ters, Jan. 12, 1782-June 7, 1783). Return-
1832. His father, a silversmith, spared no ing to Loudon, he made two more visits to
expense in cultivating his son's talent, which Paris, in 1783 and 1785. From this time
was evident at an early age. The young to 1802, Clementi stayed in Loudon, oc-
Muzio's first master was Buroni, a relation cupying himself with conducting, concert-
of the Clementi family, and maestro di cap- playing, and teaching. He became quite
lêUa at one of the churches in Rome, who rich, and on the failure of the house of
taught him the rudiments of music. In Longman & Broderijs, " manufacturers of
1759 he began to study the organ under musical instruments, and music sellers to
Condicelli, and in two years he had ad- their majesties," in which he had an inter-
vanced far enough to comj)ete successfully est, he determined to carry on the piano-
for a position as organist. He studied sing- forte-making and music-publishing business
ing also under Sartarelli, and counterpoint himself his success in this venture jJroved
;
under Carpani, and pursued these studies him to have a rare business talent. The
unintermitteutly up to the age of fourteen. house is still carried on under the firm
At this period an Englishman by the name name of Collard & Collard. In March,
of Beckwith was so delighted with the young 1807, property belonging to the firm, to
j
CLEMENZA
the amount of 40,000, was destroyed by sonatas for pianoforte and flute or violin,
fire. In 1802 Clemeuti, with his pupil op. 2 Four sonatas and a duet for piano-
;
Field, made a successful tour to Paris, Vi- forte, op. 12 ; Capriccio, op. 17 ; Sonatas
enna, and Petersburg, returning through for pianoforte and violin, op. 29-30
St. Two ;
North Germany. He made a second visit sonatas and two capriccios for pianoforte,
to the Kussian capital together with Alex- op. 34 Sonatinas, etc., op. 36, 37 Waltzes, ; ;
ander Klengel and Ludwig Berger. In op. 38, 39 ; Introduction to the art of plaj'-
1810 he returned to London for good, ing, op. 42 do., second part, op. 43 Gra-
; ;
gave up public playing, and devoted his dus ad Parnassum, op. 44 Two capriccios, ;
time to business and composition. He op. 47 Fantasia, op. 48

; Twelve Monfer- ;
wrote symphonies for the Philharmonic rinas, op. 49 Detached pieces, op. 51.
;
Society (which were, however, far less suc- Fetis Clument, Mus. celebres, 198.
;
cessful than Haydn's), and many pianoforte CLEMENZA DI AUGUSTO, LA (The

works, completing his famous Gradus ad Clemency of Augustus), opera drama, mu-
Parnassum. In 1820 and 1821 he passed sic by Johanu Joseph Fux, represented at
the winter at Leipsic, but spent the last the fete patronale of the Emperor Leopold
twelve years of his life either in London I., Vieima, 1702.
or at his country-place in the vicinity. He
SCIPIONE, LA, Italian CLEMENZA DI
was man'ied three times, had children when opera, music by Johann Christian Bach,
quite an old man, and retained full posses- represented at Breslau, about 1770.
sion of his faculties to the last. Clemeuti CLEMENZA DI TITO, LA (The Clem- ,
may be looked upon as the real father of ency of Titus), Italian opera in three acts, text
by Metastasio, first set to music by Caldera
pianoforte-playing, in so far as the treatment j
of that instrument differs from that of its land represented at Vienna, Nov. 4, 1734.
precursors, the harpsichord and clavecin. Subject, an incident in the life of Titus, re-
As a comjjosei-, his style was in general lated by Suetonius and others, in which he
j
pure, concise, and masterly, and it is to pardons the chief actors in a conspiracy
I
him, more than to anyone else, that we owe against himself. Scene in Eome. Charac-
the application of the perfected (modern) ters represented Tito Vespasiano, Emper- :
sonata-form to the pianoforte. His most or of Eome Vitellia, daughter of the Em- ;
important work is the Gradus, but some of peror Vitellio Servilia, sister of Sesto, in ;
his sonatas, such as the one in B minor, op. love with Annio Sesto, friend of Tito, in ;
40, the three dedicated to Cherubini, op. 50, love with ViteUia ; Annio, friend of Sesto,
the one in F minor, etc., are destined to live in love with Servilia ; Publio, prsetorian
prefect. The been set to mu-
libretto has
sic also by Leo, Naples, 1735 by Johann ;
Adolph Hasse, Dresden, 1737 by Wagen- ;
seil, Vienna, 1746 by Pampani, Italy, 1748 ; ;
as long as the pianoforte itself. Among his by Perez, Naples, 1749 by Gluck, Naples, ;
pupilsmay be mentioned John Field, J. B. 1751 by Adolfati, Vienna, 1753 by Jom-

; ;
Cramer, Zeuner, Alexander Klengel, Lud- melli, Stuttgart, about 1758 by Cocchi, ;
wig Berger, Meyerbeer, Kalkbrenner, and London, 1760 by Naumann, Dre.sden, ;
others. Works : Six sonatas for piano- 1768 by Bernasconi, Mannheim, 1768 by
; ;
forte, op. 1 ; do. (2 sets), op. 3, 4 ; do., op. Anfossi, Rome, 1769 by Sarti, Padua, ;
13 Three sonatas, op. 14 do., op. 21 do.,

; ; ; 1771 by Holzbauer, Munich, about 1780
; ;
op. 40 do., op. 50

; do. with violin, op. 22
; ;
by Guglielmi, Turin, 1785 by Apell, about ;
do., op. 27 Sonatas, op. 5-10, op. 15, 16 (La

; 1785 by Ottani, Turin, 1789 by Mozart,
; ;
Chasse), 18, 19, 20, 32, 33, 35, 41. 46 Six ; Prague, Sept. 6, 1791 and NiccoHni, Leg- ;
r.Â
CLEOFIDA
born, 1797. Mozart's work, the text of Lyri(]ue, Paris, Dec. 24, 1854. A poet and
which was adapted from Mestastasio by a musician meet in the debtors' j)rison at
Mazzola, was written at the invitation of Clichy and form there a friendship which a
the Estates of Bohemia for the coronation return to fortune renders durable.
at Prague of Leopold II. The autograph, CLIFTON, JOHN CHARLES, born in
which is wholly in Mozart's handwriting, London in 1781, died there, Nov. 18, 1841.
contains no recitatives. They were sup Composer of songs and glees, pupil of R.
plied by Siissmaj'er, who accompanied him Bellamy and of Charles Wesley intimately ;
to Prague. associated with Cimador and Spagnoletti,

CLEOFIDA. See Poro. who helped to form his taste. He resided
CLEOPATEA, Italian opera, music by in Dublin fourteen years?, and finally settled
Daniele Castrovillari, represented in Venice, in Loudon, in 1818. His glee, "Tell me,
1662 bj' Pasquale Anfossi, text by Verazi, thou soul of her I love," gained a piize in
;
Milan, 1778 by Cimarosa, St. Petersburg, 1837. Remarkable among his many com-
;
1790 by Weigl, text by Romanelli, La Seala, positions are the glee, " 'Twas in the dark and
;
Milan, 1807 by Ferdinand Paor, Paris, dismal hour" and the songs," Such tears are
; ;
1809 by Nasolini, three acts, Paris, Dec. 1, bliss," and, "If music be the food of love."
;
1813 by Combi, Genoa, 1842 by Lauro

; ; CLINIO, TEODORO, born in Venice
Eossi, Turin, March 5, 1876 ; by Sacchi, text in the 16th century, died in 1G02. He was
by Rabitti, Milan, Nov. 23, 1877 by Boua- canon of the Church of S. Salvatore, and
;
mici, Venice, Feb. 8, 1879. Cli'opatre, four maestro di cajJisella of the Cathedral of Tre-
acts, by Baroness de Maistre, text by Bo- j
viso, in 1590. Works : Missse sex vocum,
gros, Paris, about 1860 (not performed). lib. i., mentioned in the catalogue of the
Kleopatra, German oj)era, music by Matthe- librarj- of the King of Portugal ; Suite of
ison, text by Feustking, Hamburg, 1704 mel- ; motets for three voices, for the Sunday of
odrama, music by Danzi, Mannheim, 1779 ;
Passion Week, with tlie title. Vox Domini
parody, by Ad. Miiller, Vienna, about 1830 ;
(Venice, 1595). In MS. Falsi bordoni a :
by Hieronymus Truhn, Berlin, 18.53 by ; otto voci. Fetis Mendel. ;
Freudeuberg, text by Pasque, four acts, CLOCHES DE CORNEVILLE, LES

Magdeburg, Jan. 12, 1882. Cleopatra e Ce- (The Bells of Corneville), opera-comique in
sare, by Karl Heinrich Graun, text by Bot- three acts, text by Clairville and Charles
tarelli, Berlin, Dee. 7, 1742. La morte di Gabet, music by Robert Planquette, given
Cleopatra, by Gaglielmi, two acts, Naples, at the Folies Draniatiques, Paris, April 19,
1798 by Gaetano Marinelli, text by Rossi
; 1877. The libretto is little better than a
and Sografi, Venice, 1800. Autonius und plagiarism of Martha and of La Dame
Kleopatra, duodrama, two acts, by Johann blanche ; the music is melodious and popu-
Christian Kaffka, Berlin, 1779 by Graf ; lar. The work had great success in Paris
von Sayn-Wittgenstein, text by Moseuthal, and London, where it was adaj)ted to the
Gratz, Dee. 1, 1883. Les amours d'An- English stage by Farnie and Reece, and pro-
toine et Cleopatre, by Rodolphe Kreutzer, duced at the Folly Theatre, Feb. 23, 1878.
three acts, Paris,March 8, 1808. Une Nuit CLOCK SYMPHONY, by Joseph Haycbi,
de Cleopatre, text by Jules Barbier, after first jDerformed at Salomon's concerts, Lon-
the story with the same title, by Theophile don, 1794. Date on autograph score, 1794.
Gautier, music by Victor Masst', Opi'ra The symphony is No. 11 in the catalogue of
Comique, Paris, April 2.5, 1885. the London Philharmonic Society, and No.
CLICHY, A, oj)era-comique in one act, 4 in Breitkopf k Hiirtel's edition (Leipsic).
text by Dennery and Grange, nusic by CLYTEMNESTRE, cantata for solo, with
Adolphe Adam, represented at the Theatre accompaniment, full score, by Cherubini,
COBBOLD
composed in 1794 This, the composer's serva bacchettona, Naples, 1749 Siroe, rb ;
fourth cantata, was written for " Mme B., di Persia, La Gismonda, ib., 1750 La ;
of Havre." It is No. 207 in Bellasis's cata- Maseherata, 1751 Le donne vendicate and ;
logue. La serva astuta, 1752 ; II pazzo glorioso,

COBBOLD, \\TLLIAM, com- Semiramide riconoseiuta, Rosaura fedele,
English
poser of the 16th and the 17th century. Venice, 1753 Demofoonte, ib., 1754 I ; ;
Nothing is known of his life. He was one matti iêr amore, Zoe, Emira, ib., 1756 ;
of the ten musicians who harmonized the Gli amanti gelosi, London, 1757 Zenobia, ;
"
tunes for " The "Whole Booke of Psalmes Issiiîle, ib., 1758 II tempio della gloria, ;
published by Thomas Este (1592). His 1759 La clemenza di Tito, Erginda, ib., ;
madrigal, With wreaths of rose and laurel, 1760 Tito Manlio, Grande serenata, Ales- ;
is in the Triumphes of Oriana. Two other saudro nell' Indie, ib., 1761 Le nozze di ;
compositions New Fashions, and an an- Dorina, La tamiglia in scompiglio, ib.,

:
them, In Bethlehem Towne, are in the 1762 La mestra, opera bufl'a, written in
;
library of the Sacred Harmonic Society, collaboration with several others. Fetis, ii.
Loudon. Grove ; Fetis ; Mendel. 326 ; do., Sujjploment, i. 188 ; Grove ; Men-
COBERG, JOHANN ANTON, born at del ; Schilling.
Rothenburg, Hesse, 1650, died in Hanover, COCCIA, CARLO, born in Naples, April
1708. Composer, pupil on the harpsichord 14, 1782, died at Novara, April 13, 1873.
and in harmony and counterpoint, at Han- Dramatic composer and conductor, son of a
over, of Clamor Abel and Nicolas Adam violinist ;
pupil in singing, when nine years
Strunck. He was first organist to the new old, of Pietro Casella. He began compos-
town of Hanover, and then to the Electo- ing at an early age, and when sixteen had
ral court, where Elector Ernst August and written a serenade, several solfeggi, and a
Duke Johanu Friedrich became his pat- cantata with jîanoforte. In the Conser-
rons. When theyoung King of Prussia vatorio he studied composition and sing-
married one of the princesses, he followed ing under Fenaroli, Paisiello, and Saverio
them to Berlin, where he tilled important Valente. Through Paisiello's influence he
positions. He left a quantity of church was appointed accompanist to King Joseph
music, pieces for harpsichord, and rules for Bonaparte. In 1829 he went to Lisbon,
accompaniment, all in MS., most of which where he was engaged for two years as
ai'e owned by the Hanoverian court.
Fe- composer to the theatre, and in 1823-24 he
tis; Gerber Mendel Schilling.
; ; conducted the Italian Opera in London.
i
COCCHI, GIOACCHINO, born in Padua He was also for a short time professor of
in 1720, died in Venice in 1804. Dramatic composition at the Academy of Music, Lon-
composer and teacher. He was in Rome don. In 1828 he returned to Italy, and
in 174316, in Naples in 1750, was appoint- after a second visit to Loudon in 1833
ed maestro di cappella of the Conservatoi'io settled in Italy, succeeding Mercadante in
degl' lucurabili, Venice, in 1753, and re- 1836 as maestro di cappella at Novara. He
sided in London as composer to the Opera was also appointed inspector of singing at
from 1757 to 1773. In the latter year he the Aceademia Filarmonica, Turin. He
returned to Venice, and took his old posi- wrote with great rajîdity, and his comijo-
tion in the Conservatorio. His composi- sitions were highly thought of in his day.
tions were generally in the bufifo style. Works Operas II matrimonio per cam- :
Works L' Elisa, given at Naples, 1741 biale, given in Rome, Teatro Valle, 1808
:
; ;
Adelaide, Rome, 1743; Bajasette, ib., 1746; II poeta fortunate, Florence, 1809 L' equi- ;
Giuseppe riconosciuto, Naples, 1748 Ar- voco, o le vicende di Martinaccio, opera

;
minio, farsetta in musica, Rome, 1749 La buifa, Bologna, Teatro Marsigli, 1809 La
; ;
OOCCIOLA
Voglia di <U cappella in 1873. Works
Uggero il
bugia, Venice, 1810
:
veritfi iicUa ;
opera Zaira, do. SaUl, oratorio

dote 6 non di moglie, Ferr.ara, 1810 La Danese, ;
; ; ;
Thirty masses; Eight Requiems, and of

Matilde, ib., 1811 I solit:iri, II soguo veri- ;
music about four hundred

licato, Venice, 1812 Arriglietto, La selvag- other" church
;
188 Rie-
Evelina, ôrks. Fetis, Supplement,
i. ;
1814
gia, ib., ; Euristeo, ib., 1815 ;
Milan, 1815 ; I begli nsi di cittii, ib., 1816 ;

mann.
Medea e Giasoue, Turin, Teatro Kegio, 1815 CCEDES, AUGUSTE, born in 1835, died ;
in Paris, July 14, 1884. Dramatic com-

Clotilde, Venice, 1816 Einaldo d' Asti, Car- ;
poser at first a prompter at the Op6ra, he

lotta e Werther, Rome, 1816 Claudine, Tu-
;
;
the Theatre Ly-

La vera gloria, cantata, Padua, became chorus-master
at
rin, 1817 ;
rique, Paris. He began by writing chan-

1817 Etelinda, Venice, 1817 Simile, Fer-
;
;
sons, romances, and dance music. His first

rara, 1817 Donna Caritea, Turin, 1818 ;
;
successful effort was the ballet music for

Le
Fayel, Florence, 1819 La fedeltii, cantata, ;
after which he wrote that

Trieste, 1819 Cantata for the birth of the bouquet de Lise,
;
1811 Cantata for of La Cocotte aus oeufs d'or, a fairy spec-

King of Rome, Treviso, ;
1873.
tacle, with Herve and Raspail
in
tbe entrance of the allies into Paris, Padua,
La Bourbonuaise, opera-comique,
1814 Atar, Lisbon, 1820 H Lusitano, can-
His belle
;
;
Folies Dramatiques, April 11,
tata, ib. Mandane, regina di Persia, Elena played at the
;
1821 La testa della rosa, 1874, was a work of still greater merit.
e Costaiitino, ib., ;
lune, 1875 Trouba-

opera buffii, ib., 1822 Maria Stuarda, Lon- Other works Clair de
;
: ;
de Pendule; La grande demoiselle.

don, 1827 L' orfano della selva, Venice, dour
;
published a collection of fifteen vocal

1829 Rosamunda, Naples, 1831 Odoardo He
;
;
melodies with the title Soirees d'Automne.

Stuart, Milan, 1832; Eurico di Moutfort,
Catarina di Guisa, ib., 1833 Ero e Lean-
Fitis, Supplement, i. 189.
;

dro, farce, London, 1833; Ser Marc' Anto- COENEN, FRANS, bom in Rotterdam,
Dec. 26, 1826, still living, 1888. Violinist,
nio' Bologna, 1834; Maifa, Naples, 1834;
son of an organist pupil of Molique and
La figlia dell' arciere, Naples, 1834 La soli-
;
;
Giovanna H., of Vieuxtemps. He travelled

for six years
taria^delle Asturie, ib., 1835 ;
giving con-
in America and the West Indies,
regina di Napoli, ib., 1836; II lago delle
Henri Herz, and afterwards
fate, Turin, 1841.
Besides operas, be wrote certs, first with
twenty-ftve with the pianist, Ernst Liibeck. He held
a great deal of chamber music,
the position of solo violin to the King of the
masses, fifteen motets, twenty-one vespers,
Netherlands, and is professor of violin and
etc.Fetia do.. Supplement, i. 188; Men-
;
Schilling.
harmony at the Music School of the Amster-
del
Society for the Encouragement of Mu-
;
COCCIOLA, GIOVANNI BATTISTA, dam

born in Vercelli, Piedmont, about the end
sic. He is best known as a chamber mu-
Kapellmeister to Leo sician, and has founded the best quartet
of the 16th century.
Some of society in Amsterdam. Among his
compo-
Sapieha, chancellor of Lithuania. for
psalm,
his motets are in the "Paruasso
musico sitions are: The thirty-second
orchestra and chorus several cantatas ;
a
bergameuo," which led Frezza to believe
;
quartets and other nnisic for

that he was born at Bergamo. He left a symphony ;
190 Rie-
continuo strings. Fetis, Supplement,
i. ;
mass for eight voices with basso

(Venice, 1612). Fetis Mendel. mann ; Viotta.
COENEN, JOHANNES MEINARDUS,
;
COCCON, NICOLO, born in Venice,

born at the Hague, Jan. 28, 1825,
still liv-
Aug. 10, 1826, still living, 1888. Dramatic pupil
1888. Virtuoso on the bassoon,
composer, pupil of E. Fabio. He published ing, Hague. He was
Conservatoire of the
the age oi
some motets at tne
soitip mieeii, became
of fifteen, uci_.viuc i>- ^"
at'the ^, i mi --i
orchestra at the Grand Theatre,
orgiiSof S. Marco in 1856, and maestro leader of 1
337
;
COGAN
Amsterdam, in 186i. Works Ada vou : given by the new Philharmonic Society
Holland op Tessel, cantata for solo, chorus, of London, under Berlioz. He published :
and orchestra Symphony for full orches-

; Traite d'harmonie pratique, and a collec-
tra ;
Ouverture de Floris V Ouverture du ; tion of eighteen Solfeges in-ogressifs a trois
roi de Bohcme Music for the following dra-
; et quatre voix (Paris, S. Richault). Ft'tis ;
mas De Berggeest Het Spook De Amster-

: ; ; do.. Supplement, i. 190 ; Mendel Riemann;
darasche Yungen De jwarte Duivel and

; ; Viotta.
the cantata, Chant de fote, for voices, or- COHEN, JULES, born in Marseilles,
chestra, and organ, given at the Palais de Nov. 2, 1830, still living, 1888. Pianist and
rindustrie, Amsterdam, Oct. 27, 1875, for composer, was placed by Halevy's advice as
the six hundredth anniversary of the foun- a pujiil at the Conservatoire, whei'e he won
dation of Amsterdam. He has written also the prize for solfege in 1847 ;
pupil of Zim-
for the bassoon, violoncello, and jjianoforte ;
merman on the pianoforte, and subsequently
a national overture, concert overture, con- of Marmontel. He obtained the first prize
certos, etc. Fetis, Supplement, i. 190 ;
for pianoforte in 1850, the first organ prize,
Mendel, Ergiinz., 66 ; Riemann ; Viotta. as a pupil of Benoist, in 1852, the second
COGAN, PHILIP, born in Doncaster, prize in counterpoint and fugue, as pupil of
England, in 1757 (Cork, 1750 ?), died about Hald-vy, in 1853, and the first in 1854. In
18-28 (1834?). Organist, choirman of the 1855 his name was inscribed, at the Institut
Cathedral of St. Finbar, Cork, and in 1772 de France, among the candidates for the jirix
stipendiary of Christ Church, Dublin. Pub- de Rome, for comjjosition, which gives the
lished works Six sonatas for pianoforte
: winner four years' study at the expense
with violin accompaniment, op. 2 (London, of the government. Jules Cohen being
1788) Concerto favori for pianoforte with
; wealthy, he generously retired from the
two violins, viola, bass, two flutes, and two competition when Halevy suggested that it
horns, op. 6 (ib., 1792) ; New lessons for was more than possible that he woukl win
harpsichord, op. 8 (ib.). Fetis Mendel.
; it, and in acknowledgment of this sacrifice
COHEN, HENRY, born in Amsterdam, in he was appointed professor in the Conserva-

1808, died at Brie-sur-Marne, May 17, 1880. toire. Of his numerous works, his church
Dramatic composer. His parents settled in compositions, O Salutaris, Ave Regina, Ave
1811 in Paris, where he studied liarmony Verum, Agnus Dei, Pie Jesu, Messe des
under Reicha, singing under Lays, and Morts jôi'i' "ôix d'hommes, have been
later under Pellegrini, from 1826 to 1830. sung in many of the Paris churches. Among
His first compositions were fugues, roman- his orchestral works are two symphonies,
ces, and nocturnes for the pianoforte, but an overture in F, one in D, another in G,
in 1832 he went to Naples and produced, at and many cantatas and choruses, most of
the Teatro Feuice, an opera L'imjiegna- which have been given at the concerts of
trice. Being unfortunate with others, he the Salle Herz and at the Conservatoire
returned in 1834 to Paris, and publislied exercises. For the theatre he has written :
several romances. He went to Naples again Maitre Claude, given at tlie Opt'ra Comique,
in 1838, but his Avviso ai maritati, written 1861 Josu Maria, ib., 1866 Les bkii<'li<,
; ;
for the Teatro Nuovo, was prohibited by Theatre Lyrique, 1867 Dea, Opera Co-;
the police, and he again returned to Paris mique, 1870 other works Vive I'Empereur,
; :
in 1839, and taught singing. In 1847 he cantata, ib,, 1860 L'annexion, do.. Opera,
;
brought out a lyrical poem, Faust et 1860 Music for the choruses in Athalie,
;
Marguerite, which was received at the Con- Esther, and Psyche, performed at the Thea-
servatoire, and in 1851 he produced Le tre Franyais. A great deal of pianoforte
Moine, another lyrical poem, which was music, thirty romances sans pai'oles, chan-
COICK
and twelve grandes nente, 1700. These were all given at the
sous, niazoai'kas, elegies,
etudes he has also composed for the har- Academic de Musique. The Library of the
;
luoniuni. Among vocal pieces are twenty Arsenal, Paris, has the original MS. of .\ina-
Romances, etc. Fetis
Mendel Riemanu. ryllis, a pastoral, 1689. L'Amour et I'Hy-
; ;
COICK (Le Goq), GIAN LE, born in men, written for the Prince de Conti's
1520, flourished in the middle of the 16tb marriage, and the music for a ballet of the
century. Several of his motets and chan- Jesuites, are in the Philidor collection, in
sons are in the collections of that time, par- the Library of the Conservatoire, Paris.
ticularlyamong those published by Tylmau Fetis Mendel Riemann. ; ;
Susato, at Antwerp, in IS-tS. One of these COLBORNE, LANGDON, born in Lou-

is remarkable, a chanson two don, Sept. 15, 1837, still living, 1888. Or-
for five voices,
of which form a canon by retrograde move- ganist, successively at Tenbury (1860), of
ment, while the other three furnish an ac- Beverley Minster (1874), Wigan parish

compauinicnt in fugued counterpoint. Fe- church (1875), Dorking do. (1877), and
tis Mendel.
;
Hereford Cathedral (1877). "Works Com- :
COIGNET, HORACE, born in Lyons, in plete Service in C Magnificats and Nunc ;
173G, died there, Aug. 29, 1821. He was dimittis in D, A, and B-flat Te Deum and ;
a merchant music late in life. Benedictus in E-fiat

who took uj) Anthems Part- ; ;
He wrote the music for Jean Jacques songs Songs, etc. ;
Rousseau's Pygmalion, represented at the COLINETTE LA COUR, ou La double A

Theatre Franyais in 1775, and composed epreuve, opera in three acts, in verse, text
Le medecin de I'amour. Fetis
Mendel. by Lourdette
;
de Santerre, music by Gretry,
COLA DI RIENZI, opera seria, text by rejjresented at the Academie Royale de Mu-
Bottura, music by Luigi Ricci, the younger, sique, Paris, Jan. 1, 1782. Subject from
represented at the Teatro Fen ice, Venice, Favart's comedy, "Le caprice amoureux, ou
Feb. 21, 1880. Ninette a la cour," played at the Italiens in
COLASSE, PASCAL, born in Paris (or 1755, the idea of which was borrowed from
at Rheims) in 1639 (1G36 died at Ver- an Italian opera entitled Bertoldo in Corte.
?),
sailles in December, 1709. Dramatic com- The music is agreeable, but this is not one
poser, pupil of Lulli, who employed him to of Gretry's best works.
fill in the choral and orchestral parts of his COLERUS (Kohler), MARTIN, born in
own operas, for which Lulli \vrote only the Dautzic, about 1620, died in Hamburg, in
air and the bass. After his master's death 1704. Composer of church music. In IGGl
Colasse was accused of using manuscripts he was at Hamburg, and became Kapell-
which Lulli had thrown aside as incom- meister to a church in Brunswick in 1665 ;
plete. He was one of the chamber musi- two years later, 16()7, he was in the employ
cians of Louis XIV. from 1G83, and always of the Margrave of Bayreuth, and in 1670
enjoyed the king's jjatronage, but his op- was in Holstein. It is not known precisely
eras were never very popular. An opera how long he remained there, but he is
house at LiUe was destroyed by fire, and said to have wandered about till he came
this in connection with the failure of his to Hamburg in his old age.
Among his
unsettled compositions are Melodien zu Ristens Pas-
opera Pol3-xene et Pyrrhus, 170G, :
his mind. His opera Les noces de Thetys sionsandaehten (Hamburg, 1648). Hein-
et Pelee, 1G89, was his best. Works Op- rich Pape wrote the greater
number of the
eras: Enee et Lavinie, 1690; Aslree, 1691; melodies in this collection. Die Hochzeit-
Le ballet deVilleneuve Saint-Georges, 1G92 liche Ehrenfackel dem
;
Hrn. von Harden-
Les saisons, 1695 ;Jason, ou la toisou berg zu Zell angeziindet und ucborschickt
d'or, 169G ; Naissance de Venus, 1G9G Ca- von Martino Colero aus Danzig, etc. (Ham-
;
:
COLEPaiS
burg, 1661) Sulamitische Seelen-Harmo- leaving the king's household he was master
;
uie, das einstiuimiger Freudenball et- of the choristers at Autun.

ist A collection of
licher geistlicber Psalmeu (Hamburg, 1062). his masses was published at Lyons with the
Fetis Meudel ; Gerber, i. 7.56 Schil- title
;
Liber octo luissarum, etc. (1541).
; :
ling, 174iv. ; Wiuterfeld, Der evan. Six of these masses are for four voices, the
Kirchengesaug, ii. 429. i
seventh is for five and the last for six (2d
COLERUS (Koeler), VALENTIUS, born
'
ed., Lyons, 1552). It contains a Requiem

at Erfurt, about 1550. Church Composer Mass by Richafort, besides motets and a
aud cautor, at Sondersliausen. Works Magnificat by Colin. The 3d book of his
Three masses aud three magnificats (Erfurt, masses (Venice, 1544) is a reprint ; a new
1599) Cantionum sacrarum, quse vulgo
; edition was printed by Claudio Merulo
motettsB appellautur, 4-8 et pluribus voci- (Venice, 1547). Other masses were pub-
bus concinnatarum, libri 1 et 2 (Urseren, lished by Duchemin (1556), and some of
1604) There was a Capuchin monastery
. his motets are in the fourth book of motets
with a beautiful church at Urseren, in a published by Jacques Moderne (Lyons,
narrow valley of the St. Gothard, near the 1539), aud in another book dated 1543.
Devil's Bridge, and Colerus must have re- D'Attaignant's twelfth book of Chansons
tired to it and have written there his two NouveUes has one of Colin's chansons.
books of motets, which the monks had Fetis Meudel.
;
printed at their expense, according to their COLIZZI, GIOVANNI ANDREA, born

title-page. Newe lustige liebliche und in Italy about 1740, died (?). He travelled
artige luti-aden, Tiinze und Gagliardeu auff through Hanover, Holland, and England,
allerley Saiteuspiel (Jena, 1609). Fetis; and at last settled in London. Works : A
Meudel. collection of chansons, with harpsichord
COLETTI, AGOSTINO BONA VEN- (Brunswick, 1766) Concerto for pianoforte,
;
TURA, born in Lucca, about the beginning with orchestral accompaniment 6 sonatas ;
of the 18th century, died in Venice, in 1752. for the harpsichord, op. 2 ; 6 sonatas for
Dramatic comjioser. He was made third the harp.sichord, op. 4 ; 3 sonatas for piano-
organist of the Ducal Chajjel, S. Marco, forte (London) Loto musical, ou Direc-
;
Venice, in 1714, and full organist, in Lotti's tion facile pour apprendre en s'amusant ii
place, in 1736, and held this position until connaitre les diiferents airs de musique
his death. He brought out two operas in (The Hague and Amsterdam, 1787). Co-
Venice Iligenia, 1706, and Paride in Ida
: lizzi arranged also several overtures for the
(with Manzi), 1706. He published Ai-- : pianoforte, among them L'amant statue
monici Tributi, o XH cantate a voce sola (Paris, 1794). Fetis Mendel. ;
e cembalo (Lucca, 1709). Fetis. COLLA, GIUSEPPE, born in Piacenza,

COLIN, JEAN, born at Beaune (Cote- about 1780, died (?). He was maestro of
d'Or), France, about 1637, died in 1722. the Collegiate Church at Voghera. He
Church composer, ma.itre de chapelle of composed much church music, all of which
the Cathedral of Soissous. Works Missa : is in MS. He is best known by his treatise
sex vocibus sub modulo Ego flos campi : on counterpoint entitled Saggio teorico- :
(Paris) Missa pro defunctis, sex vocibus

; pratico-musicale, ossia Metodo di contrap-
(Paris, 1688).Fetis Mendel. ; punto (Turin, 1819, 2d ed., jNIilau, 1830).
COLIN, PIERRE GILBERT, surnamed Fetis Meudel Schilling Gerber.
; ; ;
Chamault, lived in the first half of the 16th COLLIN, CHARLES, born in France
century. He was maitre de chapelle to about 1840, still living, 1888. Organist of
the royal children of France in the reign the Cathedral of Saint-Brieue, and author
of Francois L, from 1532 to 1536. After of a grand cantata La Bienvenue, for so-
:
MO
; ;
COLLINET
by Declamations and Mu-
prano orchestra and chorus, written Rutland House
solo,
sic," 1657, intended as an imitation of Ital-
for the KOuniou du Couy:ros
scieutitique
ian opera. Some of his songs are in " Se-
de France, in 1872. He is author also of a
lect Musical Ayres and Dialogues" (1652,
cantata composed for the Catholic Con-
1659) and instrumental composi-
of another written for the Con- 1653,
;
gress, and
"Courtly Masquing Ayres " (1662).
grus Celtique International, with French
tions in
and Breton words. Published works Sis

Edward Colman, his son (about 1633-69),
:
was a teacher of the lute and viol, and a

jours pour grand orgue L'orgue a I'eglise
; ;
composer of songs. He was a gentleman oi

Six Bluettes for harmonium Communion ; ;
Fetis Mendel.
Elevation Hymne a la Banniere, choeur the Chapel Royal. Grove
;
; ;
Le chant COLOINIBA, lyrical drama in four acts,

a 4 Yoix d'hommes avee solo ;
text by Francis Hueffer, music by Alex-

du franc-tireur, chceur avec solo Souvenu-s ;
ander Campbell Mackenzie, first represent-

du pensionnat, col. de 16 morceaux a une,
ed at Drury Lane, London, April 9, 1883.
deux et trois voix egales et chosur, avec ac-
from Prosper Merimee's novel of
compagnement collection for divine ser- Subject
;
Kautikou brezonek, ou Cau- the same name. Colomba, Danish opera,

vice entitled :
pour by Axel Grandjeau, Copenhagen, 1882.

tiques bretons et logendes pieuses
Italian opera, music by Pradeglia,
orgue-harmonium (Paris) and much other Colomba, ;
Teatro del Verme, Milan, May, 1887.

church and pianoforte music, for which see ORAZIO,
Fotis. Fetis, Supplement, i. 192.
COLOMBANI (Columbani),
the 16th century. He
COLLINET, There were two born in Verona, in
.
cap-
was a Cordelier monk, and maestro di
French flageolet players of this name, father Milan.
pella to the convent of S. Francesco,
and son, whose christian names are un-
There is a Te Deum of his in Lindner's
known, both of whom were distinguished sacrarum, and two
members of French orchestras. The father, CoroUarium cantionum
Varietes, Magnificats and
some madrigals, in the
who was flutist at the Theatre des
King of Portugal's library at Lisbon. One
composed a great deal of flageolet music :
parts.
tie Magnificats is for fourteen
Two concertos for flageolet and orchestra of collections of Psalms for five,
violon- Five of his
Quartet for flageolet, violin, viola and two madrigals,
nine voices, and of
cello Deux livres de duos pour
deux flageo- six and
in Italy (1576-1587).-retis
;
lets Several Eecueils d'airs varies pour were published

;
deux flageolets Several Recueils de con- Mendel.

COLOMBE, LA (The Dove), opera-co-
;
et
tredanses et valses pour flageolet, violon,
The mique in two acts, textby Jules Barbier and
basse, ou flageolet et piano (Paris).
his Michel Carre, music
by Charles Gounod,
son (born in Paris about 1797) surpassed Comique, Paris,
was a represented at the Opera
father in playing the flageolet, and for and
June 7, 1866. Originally written
more finished musician. He was a member Theatre, but
produced at the Baden-Baden
of the Musard orchestra, and a dealer in in Lon-
Fetis rearranged for Paris. It was given

music and musical instruments. The subject
;
is an
don as The Pet Dove.
Mendel. " Le
of La Fontaine's fable
born adaptation
COLMAN (Coleman), CHARLES,
1664. Faucon," with a
change in the bu'd. This
about 1600, died in London in
taught work, the first by
Gounod played at the
Chamber musician to Charles I., who
Opera Comique, was well received. The
the viol lyra-way after the breaking
out of
with Henry score is published by Choudens.
the civil war. In connection
born atModena COLOMBI, GIUSEPPE,
Lawes, Captain Cooke, and George Hudson, in September, 1694.
in 1635, died there
he composed the music for Sir AVilliam cappclla of the ducal
at He was maestro
di
Davenant's " First Day's Entertainment
341
;
;;
COLOMBO
chapel in 1674, and of the catliedral in Gerusalemme sotto 1' imperio di Sedecia,
1678. Works : Sinfouie da camera, op. 1 ultimo re d' Israele (Modena, 1688) ; Mo-
(Bologna, 1668) ; La lira armouiea, op. 2 voce sola (1691), etc. Paolucci
tetti sacri, a
(ib., 1673) ; Balletti, Correuti, etc., op. 3 has inserted a Pange lingua in his Arte
(ib., 1674:)Souate a due violiui con un
; pratica di coutrappuuto (i. 199). In Breit-
bassetto, op. i (ib., 1676) Sonate da came- ; kopf's MSS. mass for
(Leipsic) there is a
ra a tre stromenti (ib., 1689). In the ducal five voices, another for three choirs and
library at ]Modeua there are twelve other orchestra, and an oratorio, St. Basilius, ex-
works, and four books of sonatas for differ- ecuted at Bologna in 1680. A collection of
ent instruments.Fetis. the known works of this celebrated com-
COLOMBO (de Columbis), GIOVANNI poser was made by order of the Emperor
FRANCESCO ANTONIO, born in Ra- LeoiDold I., and is preserved in the Imperial
venna, beginning of the 17th century. Library, Vienna. It contains forty-four
Cordelier monk and composer of church numbers, some of which consist of thi'ee
music maestro di cappella and organist
; or four Masses, seven Magnificats, four Lau-
of the Collegiate Church of Santa Tecla, date, etc. A Magnificat and Nunc dimittis,
Eavenua. Works Motetti (1643) Missa
: ; for two choirs, are printed in the collection
et psalmi 2 et 3 voeibus concert. (1647) ;
of the Motet Society, London. Four other
Completorium, antiphonae et litan. 5 voc. pieces are in the Fitzwilliam Music. Fetis ;
(1640) Syntaxis harmonica, 2, 3 e 4 voc.

; do., Supplement, i. 193 ; Mendel Riemann ;
Fetis Mendel. ; Schilling.

COLONNA, GIOVANNI AMBEOGIO, COLUMBUS, for solo, male
cantata,
called Stampadorino, lived in Milan, first chorus, and orchestra, by Caspar Joseph
half of the 17th century. He published Brambach, first performed at the Milwaukee
two collections of pieces with the following (Wisconsin) Silugerfest, July 23, 1886. It
titles Intavolatui-a di liuto (1616)

: In- was awarded the prize. ;
tavolatura di chitarra sjJagnuola (Milan, COLUMBUS, overture for orchestra, by

1627). Fetis ; Mendel. George Frederick Bristow, op. 33, given by
COLONNA, GIOVANNI PAOLO, born the Philharmonic Society, New York, in
in Brescia, or Bologna, about 1640, died in 1866-67.
Bologna, Nov. 28 (Dec. 14) 1695. Church COLUMBUS, CHRISTOPHER, the dis-
comjjoser, piiiîl of Filipuzzi on the organ, coverer of America, is the hero of the fol-
and in composition of Carissimi, Benevoli, lowing operas H Colombo, Italian ojjera, :
and Abbatiui, in Rome. He was maestro di music by Vincenzo Fabrizi, represented in

cappella of S. Petronio, Bologna, and one Rome, 1789 by Luigi Ricci, Parma, 1829 ; ;
of the first members of the Accademia Fil- by SangiorgioRabiti, Parma, 1840 by Giam- ;
armouica, of which he was elected Principe bini, Genoa, 1846 (only a part produced)
in 1672, 1674, 1685, and 1691. Among his by Alessandro Fava, Bologna, 1875 (given
works one opera, Amilcare, 1693
is but ; privately). Christoforo Colombo, music by
his principal compositions were for the Bottesini, given in Havana, 1847 by Carlo ;
church. His Psalms, in eight jjarts (Bolo-

Emanuele di Barbieri, Berlin, Dec. 26, 1848,
gna, 1694), have been admired for their Hamburg, 1850 by Vincenzo Mela, Ve- ;
masterly style. Among his published works rona, 1857 by Donna Casella, Nice, 1865 ;
are : Messe pieue a otto (1684) Salmiby Marcora, Bahia, 1869 and by Pignami
; ;
brevi, lib. 1 and 2 (Bologna, 1681, 1(!86) with Peneo, Genoa, December, 1883. El ;
Sacre lamentazioni, etc. (1689) La pro- Colon, Spanish opera, by Don Ramon Car-
;
fezia d' Eliseo nell' assedio di Samaria, nicer, Barcelona, 1825, Madrid, 1831. Co-
oratorio (Modeua, 1088) ; La caduta di lombo in America, Italian opera, text by
342
;;
COLYNS
Romani, music by MorlaccLi, given at Madrigali a cinque voci (Venice, 1615) ;
Genoa, 1828. Colombo alia scoperfca delle Vesperi a quattro voci con partitura per
Indie, by Vincenzo Fioravanti, about 1830. 1' organo (ib., 1618). Fetis Mendel. ;
Columbus, pantomime, by Wenzel MiiUer, COMBATTIMENTO D' APOLLINE

Vienna, 1826 overture, by Eicbard Wag-
; COL SERPENTE, IL (Apollo's Contest
ner, Magdeburg, 1835, Paris, Feb. 4, 1841 with Python), Italian opera, text by Bardi,
cantata, by Henry Gadsby, London, 1881. music by Giulio Caccini, represented in
Cristojilie Colomb, ode-syniphonie, by Ft'li- Florence, in Bardi's house, in 1590. This
cien David, 1817. work, which was never given jniblicly, be-
COLYNS, JEAN BAPTLSTE, born in longs to the earliest history of the opera.
Brussels, Nov. 25, 1831. Violinist, studied COMBATTIMENTO DI TANCREDI E
under Wi'ry CLORINDA, IL, dramatic interlude, music
at the Conservatoire of Brussels ;
won the 2d prize in 1849, and the 1st in by Mouteverde, given during festivities at
1850. He taught composition, became vio- the palace of Girolamo Mocenigo, Venice,
lin solo at the popular concerts in Brussels, 1624. He introduced in it, among other
and was appointed professor at the Conser- novel eflfects, a tremolo for violins, used as at
vatoire. He played in Paris, and visited the present day, which so astonished the per-
England, Holland, and Germany. His op- formers that they at first refused to play it.
era. Sir William, was given at the Theatre COMBATTONS, CHANTONS. See Pos-
de la Monnaie, Brussels, in 1877. Fetis, tiUon de Lonjumeau.
Supplement, i. 194. COME, AND TRIP IT AS YOU GO, so-
COMA, AJSfNIBALE, lived in the second prano, or tenor, air and chorus in C minor,
half of the 16th century, born at Carjii, in Handel's L' Allegro, il Penseroso, ed il
duchy of Modena, or at Rovigo. Works : Moderato, Part L

Madrigali a cinque voci con un dialogo a COM' E BELLO. See Lucrezia Borgia.
otto (Venice, 1568) ; II primo libro de' COME, BLESSED CROSS. See Komm,
Madrigali a quattro voci (ib., 1585) ; II se- susses Kreuz.
condo libro idem (ib., 1588). Two other COME, EVER SMILING LIBERTY,
books of madrigals were piiblished later, duet for two sopranos in Handel's Judas
but Futis says thej' have no date. Fotis. Maccabteus, Part I.
COMALA, cantata, for soli, male and fe- COM' E GENTIL. See Don Pasqmle.
male choruses, and orchestra, by Niels W. COiME PER ME
SERENO. See Son-
Gade, first performed at Leijosic, iMarch 3, namhula.
1843. Subject, the tragic story of Comala, COME RATHER, GODDESS SAGE
daughter of Sarno, King of Innistore, as AND HOLY, soprano air in D minor, in
told by Ossian. Conceiving a violent pas- Handel's L' Allegro, il Penseroso, ed il Mo-
sion for Fingal, King of Morven, she ac- derato, Part I.
companies him on his expedition against COME, THOU GODDESS, FAIR AND
Caracul, King of Loehlin. Placed on an FREE, soprano air in B-flat, in Handel's
eminence where she can overlook the battle, L' Allegro, il Penseroso, ed il Moderato,
she is overtaken by a fearful storm, and, Part I.
thinking that the battle has been lost, is COMETTANT,

(,JEAN PIERRE) OSCAR,
overcome with grief and dies. Upton,
Bordeaux, April 18, 1819, still liv-
born in
Standard Cantatas, 144. ing, 1888. Pianist, pupil at the Conserva-
COJIANEDO, FLAiMINIO, boin in Mil- toire, Paris, under Elwart and Carafa in
an about 1570, died ('?). Works Can- harmony and composition, from 1839 to
:
zonette a 3 voci, lib. i. (Venice, 1601) 1843. in 1848 he won the gold medal
Canzonette a 3 voci, lib. ii. (Milan, 1602) ;
given l:y the government for the best
3
COME
national song and chorus for the Choral So- founded, with Kiister and Kullak, the Berlin
ciety of France, for his Marche des travail- Tonkiiustlerverein ; in 1845 he was made
leurs. He afterwards gained a reputation member, and afterwards senator, of the
as musical and writer on the Siecle
ci'itic Academy ; in 1850 professor of singing at the
and other periodicals, and is the author royal theatre vocal school, at the Friedrich
of several books. He visited the United Wilhelms-Gymnasium, and the French Gj'm-
States from 1852 to 1855. Works Heures : nasium. Wôrks Der Zauberring, oratorio
:
d'harmonie, for pianoforte Religious com- ; for male voices, with orchestra, performed
positions for soj)rano voice with organ or in Berlin, 1843, Strelitz, 1845, Cologne,
lîauoforte ; O
Ave Maria, Ad te
Salutaris, 1850 Der Kiff hiiuser, do.
; Five solemn ;
levavi, Ecce panis, Veni Sancte, Ave Maris masses for 4 voices and orchestra Eleven ;
Stella, etc. Les voix de Jeanne d'Arc,

; masses for 4 voices and organ Overture, ;
for two choruses, in tive parts Le joyeux ; entr'actes, choruses, and ballets to the
Malbrough, etc Fetis
do.. Supplement, ; tragedy "Clotilde Montalvi" ; Music to The
i. 191: Mendel Rieniann.
; ; Frogs hy Aristophanes, and to Electra hy
COME WITH THE GIPSY BRIDE. See Sophocles, for male voices and orchestra ;
Bohemian Girl. Passion Cantata for male voices and organ ;
COME, YE DAUGHTERS, AYEEP FOR Twelve motets for 4 voices and orchestra;
ANGUISH. See Kommt, ihr Tochter. do. for 4 voices and organ Te Deum Do- ; ;
COMFORT YE MY
PEOPLE, accom- mine salvum fac Graduale, offertory, and ;
panied recitative for tenor, ojieuing Han- responses for Holy week Manj' pieces for ;
del's Messiah. festive occasions, for 4 voices and orchestra ;
COMI, GAUDENZIO, born at Civita Several collections of songs, and part-songs,

Vecchia, in 1749, (died ?). He went in psalms, motets, and masses. Fetis ; Men-
1781 to Paris, where he became musician del ; Riemann ; Ledebur, Tonkiiustler-Lexi-
to the Prince de Gonti. Published works : kon Berlins (Berlin, 18C1).
Six symphonies a huit parties, op. 1 (Paris, COMMIT THY WAYS, OH PILGRIM.
1786), which obtained succe.ss, and were See Befiehl du deine Wege.
followed by six other works, consisting of COMODIEN MUSIK (Comedy Music),
trios, symphonies for full orchestra, and six musical drama, by Heinrich Albert, rep-
sonatas for two horns and bass. Fetis ; resented at the centenary of KOuigsberg
Mendel. University, Aug. 28, 1644. It was after-
COMME UNE PALE FLEUR. See wards repeated in the palace of the Kur-
Hamlet. fiirst, but was never published and is now
COMMER, FRANZ, born at Cologne, lost.
Jan. 23, 1813, died in Berlin, Aug. 17, C0MP{:RE, LOYSET, bom in Flanders
1887. Church composer-, pupil of Leibl about the middle of the 15th century, died
and Josef Klein became organist at the
; at Saint-Queutin, Aug. 16, 1518. Famous
Carmelites and singer in the cathedral contrapuntist, probably a pupil of Okeghem,
in 1828, and went to Berlin in 1832, to simultaneouslj' with Josquin Despres and
study the organ under August Wîlhelm Guillaume Ci-espel. He became a canon
Bach, and composition under Rungenhagen and afterwards chancellor of the Cathedral
and A. B. Marx. Soon after he was com- of Saint-Quentin. Only a few of his com-
missioned to arrange the library of the positions have been preserved in collections,
Royal Institute for Church Music, and edited printed by Petrucci in Venice (1501-3)
several collections of old compositions. In and at Fossombrone (1519), and by Petreius
1844 he became royal Musik-Director, and at Nuremberg (1541). Biog. nat. de Bel-
Regens chori of St. Hedwig's church, and gique, iv. 343 ; Fetis.
844
:
COMPONIMENTO
C05IP0NIMENT0 SACEO, oratorio, l)y ;
Augustine Ariie, played at Drury Lane The-
JoLiauu Erust Eberliu, perforiued with atre, London, 1738. The jiarts of Comus
great success at Salzburg, 1747. and the second Attendant Spirit were sung
COMTE, ANTOINE LE, France by John Beard, Euphrosyne by IMi's. Clive,
lived iu
in the latter half of the He and the lady and pastoral nymph by Mrs.
17th century.
was maitre de niusique at the Churches Arue. This work had a great run and fully
of Sainte-Marie and Saint-Martin, Marie. established Dr. Arue's reputation. It was
Works Missa quinque vocibus ad imita- revived iu 1738 and 1750, and in 1772 with
:
tiouem moduli O vivum iueffabilem (Paris alterations by Colman. Hogarth, ii. 80.
:
lG8.5).-Fotis Mendel.;
CONCEiglO (not Conceicam), NUNO
COMTE CARiUGNOLA, LE, opera in DA, born in Lisbon, died in Coimbre in
two acts, text by Scribe, music by Ambroise 1737. A Portuguese monk, who became
Thomas, represented at the Academic Koyale mestre de capella in his convent at Coim-
de Musique, Paris, April 19, 1841. Scene bre. His compositions, consisting of hymns,
in Brescia. Under the name of the Mar- motets, ijsalms, etc., are preserved by his
quis de Ripada, the Comte Carmagnola order. Fetis ; Mendel ; do., Ergiinz., 67.
introduces himself into the palace of the CONCEI9AO (not Concei<;am), PEDRO
governor to make an attempt on his hon- DA, born in Lisbon iu 1691, died there,
our as a husband. He succeeds, and the Jan. 4, 1712. Composer of vocal music, of
curtain falls on vice triumphant. The mu- which Machado gives the following list
sic is better than the libretto. Musica a 4 coros, for a comedy Loa com ;
COMTE D'ALBERT, LE, drama in two musica a 4 vozes Vilhancicos a 3, 4 e 8

;
acts, afterwards iu one act, text by Sedaine, vozes A cetera, e solfa de hum vilhancico
; ;
music by Gretry, represented at Fontaine- In exitu Israel de Egj'pto a 4 vozes, fnnda-

bleau, Nov. 13, 1786, and iu Paris, at the das sobre o Canto-Chao do mesmo psalmo
Italiens, Feb. 8, 1787.
Fetis Mendel Bibl. Lusit., iii., 569. ; ;
COMTE OEY, LE, opera in two acts, CONCERT DANS LE STYLE ITA-
text by Scribe and Delestre-Poirson, music LIEN, a composition in F major in three
by Rossini, first represented at the Acade- movements for clavier by Johann Sebastian
mie Royale de Musique, Paris, Aug. 20, Bach, generally knowu as the Italian con-
1828. The libretto is a rearrangement of certo. It has long held a prominent place
a play by the same authors written for the in the i-epertory of almost all great pian-
Vaudeville Theatre in 1816, and the music ists.
was iu great part composed for II Viaggio a CONCERTO PATHETIQUE, for piano-
Reims, an opera iu honour of the corona- forte with orchestra, by Moscheles, op. 93.
tion of Charles X., produced at the Opera Published by Haslinger (Vienna). Although
|
Italien in 1825. Le comte Ory is one of less famous than his concerto iu G minor,
i
the best of Rossini's scores. It was per- it deserves to be ranked among the corn-
'
formed in London at the St. James's The- poser's best works.

atre, June 20, 1849. CONCERTSTUCK, for four horns and
COMUS, fairy masque, text by John Mil- grand orchestra, by Robert Schumann, op.
ton, music by Henry Lawes, jjroduced at 86 composed in 1849, first performed in
;
Ludlow Castle, England, on Michaelmas Leipsic, Feb. 25, 1850. First published by
night, 1634. Lawes himself performed the Schuberth & Co. (Leipsic, 1851).
part of the Attendant Spirit. The score is CONCERTSTUCK, for pianoforte and
preserved in the British Museum. Comus, orchestra, in G major, by Robert Schumann,
English opera, same text, altered and adapt- op. 92 composed in 1849, first performed
;
ed by Dr. John Daltou, music by Thomas by Clara Schumann, Leipsic, Feb. 14, 1850.
j
345
;
CONCERTSTUCUv
First published by Breitkopf & Hiirtel tury. Works The Enchanted Island, ballet,
:
(Leipsic, 1852). 1804 ; Who Wins ? or the Widow's Choice,

CONCERTSTUCK F farce, 1808 Transformation, do., 1810
(Concert Piece), in ;
minor, for and orcbestra, by The Farmer's Wife, 1814 Glees, songs, etc.
pianoforte ;
Weber, op. 79, composed in BerHn, 1821, CONFORTI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA,

dedicated to tlie Princess Maria Augusta of Italian composer of whom little is known.
Saxony, first played by the comjioser at his He was the pupil of Claudio Merulo, and
concert, Berlin, June 25, 1821 first original published his first work of Madrigals for
;
edition, full score, Peters (Leipsic). The five voices, at Venice, in 1857. Fetis ; Men-
last and most striking of Weber's compo- del.
sitions for the pianoforte. He conceived the CONFORTO, NICOLd, Italian dramatic
idea as early as 1815 while at Prague, but composer, born in the Kingdom of Naples (?)
did not complete it until the morning of in the early part of the 18th century. Dra-
the performance of Der Freischiitz,
first matic composer, author of the following
June The exact idea of the com-
18, 1821. operas La finta vedova, Naples, Teatro
:
poser is expressed in his own words in the de' Fiorentiui, 1746 ; La Nitteti, text by
biography by his son it was to give a ; Metastasio, Madrid, 1756 ; Antigono, Lon-
musical picture of a young knight's part- don, 1757. Fetis ; do.. Supplement, i. 195;
ing from his betrothed to go to the cru- Mendel.
sades, his triumphal return, and joyful CONINCK, JACQUES FELIX DE, born
meeting with the lady. The ])iece has in Antwerp, May 18, 1791, died in Schaer-
long been a favourite with almost all dis- beck-les-Bruxelles, April 25, 1866. Pianist,
tinguished pianists. Arranged for piano- pupil in Antwerp of the organists De Tra-
forte alone by Hans von Biilow. Benedict, zegnies and Hoefnagels, and at the Paris-
65 Jahns, 337
; Weber, ii. 311 Weitz-
; of Perne in harmony, in
; Conservatoire
mann, Gesch. des Clavierspiels, etc., 123. which he won the first prize in 1813. In
CONCEZZIONE DELLA BEATA VER- 1818 he returned to Antwerp, and then
GINE, LA (Conception of the Holy Virgin), went to America as accompanist to Mali-
oratorio, by Alessandro Scarlatti. bran. On his return to Antwerp he found-
CONCONE, GIUSEPPE, born in Turin ed the Harmonie Society. He published
about 1810, died there, June, 1861. Or- in France pianoforte compositions, concer-
ganist resided in Paris from 1832 to 1848, tos, sonatas, airs varies, etc.
; Fetis, Supple-
when he was appointed organist of the ment, i. 195 Riemann. ;
Royal Chapel, Turin. His Lec/ons de CONINCK, JOSEPH BERNARD DE,

Chant et Vocalises is much used by pro- born in Ostend, Belgium, March 10, 1827,
fessors of singing, and has been translated still living, 1888. Dramatic composer, son
and issued in many editions. Works Un of Jacques Felix de Coninck. His Essai
:
episodio di San Michele, opei'a, Turin, sur I'histoire des arts et des sciences en
1836 Comtesse et Bachelette, duettiuo Belgique, written when he left college, and
;
pour deux sopranos et piano Judith, scena crowned by the Societe Royale pour I'Eu-
;
ed aria, mezzo-soprano, pianoforte Les couragement des Beaux-Arts, in 1845, de-

;
soeurs de lait, duettiuo, 2 sopranos, piano- cided him to give up civil engineering
forte, etc. Fetis
Mendel. ; for music, and he studied the pianoforte
CONDELL, HENRY, born in England and the organ, counterpoint and harmony,
in the latter part of the 18th century, died under a distinguished teacher, De Leun,
in Loudon, June, 1824. Violinist at the maitre de chapelle of St. Andre. In 1851 he
Opera, and at Drury Lane and Covent Gar- went to Paris, where Auber encouraged
den Theatres in the early part of this cen- him by using several choruses written by
346
CONNAIS-TU
Many vaudevilles and farces Five sympho-
for Casimir Delavigne's Paria in the
;
bim
Overtures, string quartets; Church
singing classes at the Conservatoire con- nies ;
tuition of music Dance music for pianoforte and or-
certs, and put him under the
;
Songs.Fetis Mendel.
Leborne for composition and fugue. He chestra
;
;
CONEADI, GEORG, Kapell- JOHANN

has published many romances, melodies,
has meister at Oettingen, Bavaria, towards the
and choruses without accompaniment,
of the 17th century. He was one of
brought out an opi'ra-comique, Maitre Pa- close
the earliest German dramatic composers ;
thelin, text by Lajarte, and an operetta,

his operas were produced at the Ham-
Le rat de ville et le rat des champs, both all
Theatre. Works Ariadne, Diogenes,
performed at the Tivoli Theatre, Paris. burg
:
and Numa Pompilius, 1691 Jerusalem,

Another, La tille de Figaro, was accepted
;
1692 Carolus Magnus, 1692 Sigismund,

by the Athence. He has been musical ;
;
papers. 1693 Pygmalion, 1693 Gensericus, 1693.

critic of several prominent Paris
;
;
Fi'tis, Supplement, i. 195 Eiemann.

;

Fetis; Mendel.
CONNAIS-TU LE PAYS ? See Mignon. CONRADIN. See Konradin.

CONEAEDY, JULES, born at Liege, Bel-
CONRAD, JOHANN
in the 18th century.
CHRISTOPH, lived
Organist at Eisfeld, gium, Jan. 27, 1834,

in the Hildburghausen. He published two still living, 1888. Or-
suites of preludes for the organ (Leipsic, ganist, pupil of De-
cbarneux. At the
1772). Futis.
age of fifteen he be-
CONEADI, AUGUST
1821, died
came organist at the
June 27,
May 2G, 1873.
Church of Ste. Mar-
there.
guerite, then at St.
Dramatic composer,
Servais, and later at
jMipil of Eungenha-
St. Antoine, a posi-
geu in harmony and
tion he still holds.
composition; won
In 1853 he studied harmony, counterpoint,
several prizes of the
Academy in 1840-42, and fugue at the Liege Conservatoire, under
Daussoigne-Mehul, and in 1857 won the
and became organist
Church of the 2d grand prix de Eome, in the grand con-
at the
cours at Brussels, for his cantata, Le meur-
Invaliden in 1843. Af-
from
ter a visit in 184(5 to Vienna, where he tre d'Abel. On his return to Liege
composition of both
brought out a symphony with brilliant suc- Eome
he began the
dramatic music, and in 1864
inti- church and
cess, he lived for a time at Weimar
appointed professor of solfege at the
mate with Liszt, was Kapellmeister at the was
theatre in Stettin in 1849-51, then at the
Conservatoire. Works Operas-comiques
at Diis- in one act Le pere Lajoie, given at the
Konigstiidtisches Theater in Berlin, :
Theatre Eoyal, Liege, 1858; Annibal

et
seldorf, at Cologne, and since 185G again in
Jeanne et Jeannot, ib.,
Berlin, successively at KroU's, at the new
Seipion, ib.,"l860;
1861 Le roi de I'arbalete, ib., 1862
Le
KiJnigstadtisches, at Wallner's, and Victoria
;
;
Societe
Theatres. Works Operas Eiibezahl, given
:
loup-garou (prize in 1872 from
March 26, 1874. Church
in Berlin, 1847 Musa, der letzte Mauren- d'fcnulation), ib.,
;
des Flussgottes music Messe solennelle with grand orches-

fiirst, ib., 1855 Die
;
Braut ;
:
2 Te Deum Masses for three and

Die Sixtinische Madonna, ib., 1864 Knecht tra
;
;
Anthems, etc. He
;
voices Litanies
Euprecht, ib., 18G5 So sind die Frauen, four
; ;
;
des Herrn, ib., 1867 published also an album of romances,

Das has
Im Weinberge ;
Bchonste Msidchen des Dorfes, ib., 1868. and dance music for pianoforte.
847
CON
CON KAUCO MORMOEIO. See Rode- mique, 1872
RoUa, overture, 1872 Ouver- ; ;
liiida. The last two were played

ture villageoise.
CONSECRATION OF SOUND. See at the Casino. Fetis, Supplement, i. 197.
Welhe der Tune. CONSUME THEM ALL, LORD SAB.\-
CONSILIUM, JACQUES, French com- OTH See Virttlge sie, Herr Zebaoth. !
poser, early part of the 16tb century. His CONTADINA ASTUTA, LA, Italian in-
name was probably Latinized by the collec- termezzo, music by Pergolesi, represented
tors of motets, according to a custom of at the Teatro de' Fioreutini, Naj)les, 1734.
the time. In Pierre Attaignant's collection The intermezzo was the original form of the
(Paris, 1529-1537) are tlie following motets ojaera buffa.
for five voices by Consilium, in the seventh, CONTE, ANTONIO ERNESTO, born in
eighth, and eleventh books In ilia die Salerno, Italy, Oct. 23, 1826, still living,
:
;
Cum iudueerent Adjuva me, Domiue. They 1888. Pianist, pujsil in harmony of his
;
may also be found in the following collec- father and of Giuseppe Barberi, on the pi-
tions: Psalmorum selectorum (Nuremberg, anoforte of Giuseppe Litto and Fenaroli,
1538) Tertius liber cum quatuor vocibus and in composition of Carlo Asseuzio. He
;
(Leyden, 1539) Selectissimse nee non fami- is the author of nearly one hundred pieces
;
liarissimje cantiones, ultra cent., etc. (Augs- for the pianoforte, besides a great deal of
burg, Melehior Kriessten, 1540) Can- vocal music he has also published church
; ;
tiones sejjtem, sex et quinque vocum (ibid., anisic with instrumental accompaniment.
1545) Livre de danceries ii six parties,
; Fetis, Supplement, i. 198.
(Attaignant, Paris, 1543).Fetis Mendel. CONTE, JEAN, born in Toulouse, May
;
CONSTANTIN, oratorio, by George Vier- 12, 1830, died in Paris, April 1, 1888. Vio-
ling, first performed at Augsburg, Bavaria, linist, pupil of Carafa at the Paris Conserva-
in 1887. Given by tlie Milwaukee (Wiscon- toire. He was chef d'orchestre at a small
sin) Musical Society, May 1, 1888. theatre in 1855, when he won the grand
CONSTANTIN, TITUS CHARLES, born prix de Rome for his cantata, Acis et Gala-
in Marseilles, Jan. 7, 1835, still living, 1888. tee, text by Camille du Locle. During his
Violinist, plaj'ed in Paris in the orchestras residence in Rome, he wrote Une Messe :
of the Italiens and the Theatre Lyrique, solennelle (1856) fragments of an opera, ;
and studied at the Conservatoire under Isabella di Lara (1857), and a Dies irse
Ambroise Thomas from 1858. He received (1858). He became professor of music at
honourable mention in 1861, and the second Passy on his return, and member of the
prize, in 18G3, for his cantata, David Rizzio, orchestras of the Opera and Conservatoire.
set to words by Chouquet. He was first Works Methode de violon several books : ;
chef d'orchestre of the Fantaisies Parisi- of duos for violins pieces for violin and ;
ennes, where he did much to raise the stan- pianoforte La charito, hymne Oh done ; ;
dard of French opera by producing the vont les hirondelles, reverie Le grand ;
works of the best masters, which had given veneur, legeude La marchande de plaisirs, ;
])lace to the lighter operas then filling the chansonettes Music for Bejspo, operette, ;
repertories of the Parisian theatres. In text by Camille du Locle. Fetis, Supple-

1871 he directed the concerts at the Casino, ment, i. 198.
in 1872 conducted at the Athenee, and, CONTESA DE' NUMI, LA (The Quarrel
when that closed, at the Renaissance Thea- of the Gods), Italian operetta in two parts,
tre, and in 1875 at the Opera Comique. text by Metastasio, first set to music by
Works Bek, a ballet brought out

: at the Leonardo and represented in the
Vinci,
Grand Theatre de Lyon, 1867 Le ; salut, palace of Cardinal de Polignac, Rome, 1729,
cantata, 1867 ; Dans la foret, opera-co- in honour of the birth of the Dauphin of
34S
;
CONTES
France. Scene on lit. Charac- tiano, 1825
Olj-mpus. La pace desiderata, Misau- ;
ters represented : Giove,Apollo, tropia e pentimento, Teatro Nuovo, about

Marte,
Astrea, La Pace, La Fortuna. The libretto 182.5 II trionfo della giustizia, ib., 1826
; ;
was set to music also bj' Paisiello, given Gli Aragouesi in Napoli, ib., 182^^ L' in- ;
in Naples, 1773. Of the same title is an nocenza in periglio, Rome, Teatro Valle,
Italian opera, text by Giuseppe Prescimonio, 1827; Alexi, Naples, Teatro San Carlo,
nuisic bj' Caldara, produced at Prague, Oct. 1828 Olimpiade, ib., 1829 ;Giov.anna ;
1, 17-23. Shore, La Milan, Scala, 1830 ; L' audacia for-

CONTES D'HOFFxMANN, LES (Hoff- tunata, ib., 1831 ; Cantata for the inaugura-
mann's Tales), opera-comique in four acts, tion of the bust of the poet Monti, Milan,
text by Barbier, music by Offenbach, rep- Teatro Filodrammatico, 1829 ; 6 solemn
resented at the Opera Comique, Paris, Feb. masses ; 2 Requiem masses ; 2 Credo ; Te
10, 1881. The libretto is founded on Hoff- Deum ; Magnificat ; several Dixit ; Canzone,
mann's storj', "Der Sandmann," which with pianoforte. Fetis ; do.. Supplement,
furnished the motive also for Delibes's Cop- i. 199.
pelia. The orchestration, left unfinished by CONTI, CLAUDIO, born at Capracotta,
the composer, was completed by Ernest Kingdom of Najjles, in 1836, still living,
Guiraud. This opera, Offenbach's last and 1888. Dramatic composer, pupil at the
best work, has been almost entirely laid aside Naples Conservatorio under Parisi and
on account of the frightful catastrophe of Mercadante. His first efforts were in
the burning of the Ring Theater, Vienna, church composition, but his first success
Dec. 8, 1881, during its second representa- was an opera entitled La figlia del Marinajo,
tion there. given at the Teatro Bellini, Najjles, iii 18G-4.
CONTI, ANGELO, He
devoted himself to teaching, and in
liorn in Aversa, near
Naples, in 1603, died (?). Works Libre de' 1872 became director of the Albergo de'
:
niadrigali a cinque voci (Venice, 1G34) Tre Poveri musical institute. Works 2 Hymns,
;
:
libri de' madrigali a quattro voci (ib., sung at the San Carlo in 1859 and 1869 ;
1G35-1637) Libro de' motett.i da una sino 4 Albums of songs

;
Collection of piano- ;
a dieci voci (ib., 1639). Fetis

Mendel. ; forte pieces ;melodies for violoncello
3
CONTI, CARLO, born nearat Arpino, and pianoforte Eloge funebre
;
March ;
Naples, Oct. 14, 1797, died in Naples, July for full orchestra, written on the death
10, 1868. Dramatic composer, said to have of Meyerbeer, etc. Fetis, Supplement, i.
been the best Italian contrapuntist of his 200.

time. He taught counterpoint to Bellini, CONTI, FRANCESCO BARTOLOMEO,
Lillo, Audreatini, Buonamici, and others. born in Florence, Jan. 20. 1681, died in
Pupil at the College of Music at Naples Vienna, Dramatic com-
July 20, 1732.
from his thirteenth year, he studied first poser court theorbist at Vienna in 1701,
;
under Tritto and for three years had Ziu- and court composer from 1713. His first
garelli for his instructor in counterpoint; opera, Clotilde, Vienna, 1706, was also
he afterwards took lessons in composition given in London, 1709, and the songs in
from Simon Mayr while he resided at Na- it were published separately by Walsh
ples. He was j)rofessor of counterpoint but his best work was the tragi-comic op-
and composition at the Conservatorio, Na- era, Don Chisciotto in Sierra Morena, per-
ples, in 1846-.58 ; secretary for life of the formed at the Carnival in Vienna in 1719,
Academy, corresponding mem-
ib., and and afterwards in German at Hamburg, in
ber of the lustitut de France. Works 1722. KiJchel gives a list of his works per-
Operas Le triippe in Franconia, opera
: formed in Vienna between 1706 and 1732.
buffa, given at Naples, Teatro S. Sebas- They number sixteen grand operas, thir-
34?
CONTI
teen serenades or festi and nine matic composer, author of the following
teatrali,
oratorios, the scores of which, ahuost en- works given at the Teatro de' Fiorentini,
tire, are in the Imperial Library and in Naples: L'Ippolita, 1733; L' Orlindo (with
the archives of the Gesellschaft der Musik- Matteo Capranica), 1753. Fetis, Sujiple-
freiinde, Vienna. Works Operas Clo- ment, i. 198. :
tilde, London, 1709 Alba Cornelia, I Satiri CONTINI, GIOVANNI, flourished in

;
in Arcadia, Vienna, 171 J: Teseo in Greta, Brescia, middle of the 16th century. He
;
ib., 1715 II Fiuto Policare, Giro, ib., 1716

;
was maestro di cappella of the Cathedral of ;
Don Chisciotto in Sierra Morena, ib., 1719, Brescia in 1550. Published works Madri- :
and Hamburg, 172'2 Alessandro in Sidone, gali a cinque voci, lib. i.; Modulationum
;
Vienna, 1721 Archelao, re di Cappadocia, quinque voc. liber primus Modulationum

; ;
Mosfe preservato, ib, 1722 Penelope, ib., sex vocum liber primus Introitus et alle-
; ;
1724 Griselda, ib., 1725

; Issipile, ib., luja quinque vocum Hymnos quatuor vo-
; ;
1726 Galatea vendicata, ib., 1727 II tri- cum Threnos Hieremife quatuor vocum
; ; ; ;
onfo deir amor e dell' amicizia, ib., 1728 ;

Missae 4 vocibus concert. (1560); Cantiones
n martirio di San Lorenzo, oratorio, Vi- sex vocum (Venice, 1565). He must not
enna, 1710 ; Cantatas, motets. Futis; Men- be confounded with Giovanni Contini, com-
del ; Schilling. poser of the Roman school, who lived in the
CONTI, GIACOMO, born 18th beginning of the 18th century, and pro- in the
century, died in Vienna in 1804. Italian duced the oratorio, II pescatore castigato
violinist first violin in 1790 in the chapel (Prague, 1735). Fetis
;
Mendel. ;
of the Empress Catherine of Russia, and of CONTIUS, , born at Rossla, in Thu-

Prince Potemkin. In 1793 he went to Vi- ringia, about 1714, died in Quedlinburg in
enna and became conductor at the Italian 1770. Harpist and harpsichordist in the
opera. His works consist of five concertos service of the Count von Brdhl, Dresden, he
for violin two sets of sonatas for violin retired in 1759 to Sondershauseu, where he
; ;
three sets of duos for the same, op. 6, 9, wrote several church pieces for that noble-
and 10 and a set of solos for violin, op. 8. man's chapel. In 1762 he entered the ser-
;
Futis. vice of the Prince of Berneburg, but left it
CONTI, IGNAZIO, born in Florence in in 1770, and went to Quedlinburg, where he

1699, died in Vienna, March 28, 1759. had a government ajspointmeut. He wrote
Church composer, son of Francesco Conti, several sj'mphouies and some concertos for
whom he succeeded in the service of the the harpsichord and the harp which have
court of Vienna. "Woi'ks : La distruzione never been published. Fetis; Mendel;
di Hai (1728) II giusto afflitto ; nella per- Schilling.
sona di Giobbe (Vienna, 1736) ; and the CONTRASTES, LES, grand duo for two
following in MS. in the Royal Libi-ary at pianofortes, for eight hands, by Moscheles,
Berlin : Offertory, Meditabar, for five voices op. 115. In this composition the musical
and organ, in score ; Cantata in C minor, styles of diiterent countries and times are
for and continue, Dojjo tante e
sojirano cleverly imitated. It has been arranged for
tante pane Missa prima, Sperabo in te, 4
; a single pianoforte for four hands. Pub-
voci a cappella Missa secunda, Adjuva me, ; lished by Kistner (Leii^sic).
4 e 5 voci a cappella Missa terza, Exaudi ; CONVERSE, CHARLES CROZAT, born,
me, 4 e 5 voci a capella Missa quarta, ; of American parentage, in Warren, Massa-
Judica me, 6 voci a cappella. Fotis Men- ; chusetts, Oct. 7, 1832, still Hving, 1888.
del; do., Ergilnz., 67. About 1855 he went to Europe and stud-
CONTI, NICOLO, born in the Kingdom ied at the Leipsic Couservatorium orches-
of Naples, lived in the 18th century. Dra- tration under Richter, and the pianoforte
S60
;
CON VE RSI
this position
under Plaidy. In 1857 he returned, and cient Music in 1752, holding
Westminster
Penii., where he now until 1789 became
organist at
finally settled in Erie, ;
Abbey in 1742, choirmaster in 1757, and lay

resides. Mr. Converse
vicar "in 1758 organist of St. Martin's-in-
is a member of the Erie ;
the-Field, 1782. Doctor of Music, Cam-

bar, and has an intei--
Burdett Or- bridge, 1775, Oxford, 1782. He is especially

est in the
gan Company he has ;
esteemed in England as a composer of glees,
published a number of canons, and catches, for which he repeatedly
pieces under the pseu- won prizes from the Catch Club. Grove.
donym of Karl Kedan. COOKE, HENRY, born about IGIO, died
Works : National Over- London, July 13, 1672. He was edu-
in
ture ;
Fest-Ouverture, cated in the Chapel Royal of Charles I. In
performed by the 1642 he obtained a captain's commission
is gener-
Brooklyn Philharmonic Society, 1870 ; 6 in the royal army, from which he
German Songs, Aufmunterung zur Freude, ally called Captain Cooke.
He taught mu-
der Ge- sic under the Commonwealth, and on the
Wehnuith, Tiiuschung, Iluhe in
Der gefaugene re-establishment of the Chapel Royal, in
liebteu, Die Nachtigalleu,
Sanger (Leipsic, 1856) After, and other 1660, was
;
made master of the children,
vocal quartets What a friend we have in and in
1664 was appointed composer of the
;
private music for voices. He is the

Jesus, hymn, translated into many lan- king's
author several anthems, the words of
guages and set to the same tune God for of ;
hymn, 1887. He has which are in Clifford's collection, and a

Us, American national
processional hymn for the festival of the
in MS. 2 symphonies, 2 oratorios, several
of the Garter, Windsor, 1661. He
overtures, string quartets and quintets, and Knights
also contributed some of the music to
many chorals.
CONVERSI, GIEOLAMO, born at Cor- Daveuant's Siege of Rhodes,
1657. Grove ;
His pretty Mendel; Barrett, English Church Com-

reggio about 1550, died (?).
madrigal. When all alone my pretty love posers, 82.
was playing, is well known. He was the COOKE, ROBERT, born in 1768, died
author of the following works London, Aug. 13, 1814. Organist, son
: Canzone a in
and pupil of Dr. Benjamin Cooke. He
5 voei (Venice, 1575, reprinted in 1580)
1584). Fctis succeeded his father as organist of St. Mar-
Madrigali a 6 voci (Venice, ;
tin's-in-the-Fields, in 1793, and at the death

Mendel.
CONVITATO DI PIETRA, IL. See Don of Dr. Arnold, 1802, he was appointed
or-
ganist and master of the choristers of West-

Giovanni.
and
CON VETO, IL (The Banquet), Italian minster Abbey. He became deranged
represented in drowned himself in the Thames. He is the
opera, music by Cimarosa,
Venice, 1782. author of about thirty glees, three of which
CONZERT IN UNGARISCHERWEISE, took prizes at the Catch Club. A collection
was published by him in
Hungarian concerto for violin and orches- of eight of them
The com- 1805. He composed also an Evening Ser-
tra, by Joseph Joachim, op. 11.
most an anthem, and an Ode to Friendship.
poser's most important and successful vice,
work, a masterpiece among violin concertos. Grove ; :Mendel.
CONZERTSTUCK. See ConcertdiicL COOKE, THOMAS SIIMPSON, born in

Dublin, Ireland, in 1782, died in London,
COOKE, BENJAINIIN, born in London
Church Feb. 26, 1848. Dramatic composer, pupil
in 1734, died there, Sept. 14, 1793.
proficient
composer, pupil of Pepusch, he suc- of his father and of Giordani a
whom ;
instruments, he was at first

ceeded as conductor of the Academy of An- on several
COOMBS
conductor at the theatre iu Dublin, then with Lanicre, songs for the court masque
opera-singer iu Loudon, where he con- written by Di\ Campion on the marriage,
ducted the orchestras at Driuy Lane, Cov- iu 1614, of the Earl of Somerset. His mu-
ent Garden, and in 184648 the concerts sic to the Masque of the Inner Temple aud
of ancient music. Professor at the Koyal Graye's lun, was given at Whitehall, Feb.
Academy of Music ; member of the Phil- 20, 1612. He composed a set of Fancies
liarmonic Society. He had a deserved re})- for the organ for Charles I., the manuscript
utation as a singingand wrote of which is still extant, and contributed two
master,
a treatise on singing, which was much vocal pieces to the ' Teares or Lamentacions

esteemed. Works Operas Frederick the of a Sorrowfull Soule," published in 1614 bj'
:
Great, 1814 The King's Proxy, 181.5 The Sir William Leighton. He was the master
; ;
Count of Anjou, 1816 A Tale of other of Henry and William Lawes. Grove Men-
; ;
Times (with Bochsa), 1822 The Wager, or del. ;
The Midnight Hour, 1825 Oberon, or the ;COPPELIA, ou La fiUe aux yeux d'email,
Charmed Horn, Malvina, 1826 The Boy ballet in three acts, text by Charles Nuitter
;
of Santillane, 1827 The Brigand, Peter aud A. Saint-Leon, music by Leo Delibes,
;
the Great, 1829 The Dragon's Gift, 1830

; first represented in Paris, 1870. The plot
;
The Ice Witch, Hyder Ali, 1831 St. is founded on E. T. A. Hoffmann's storj',
;
Patrick's Eve, 1832 King Aiihur, and the "Der Sandmaun," the motive of which
;
Knights of the Bound Table, 1835 The also served Adolphe Adam in his " Poupee ;
five Lovers Numerous farces glees and de Nuremberg (1852)," and Offenbach in his
; ;
duets. Fotis Grove Mendel.

; ; "Coutes d'Hoffmann (1881)." The story
COOMBS, JABIES MORRIS, born iu is funny aud the music bright and spark-
Salisbury, Eugland, iu 1769, died in ling. It was given at the Metropolitan Op-
Chippenham in 1820. He was a chorister era House, New York, March 11, 1887.
of Salisbury Cathedral under Ste2:>heus COPPINUS (Coppino), AQUILINUS,
and Parry, and organist at Cliippeuhani born in Milan, about 1565, died after 1621.
from 1789 until his death. Published Educated at the college of S. Simone, he
works :Jubilate, songs, glees, a set of devoted many years to the study of music,
canzonets, and a selection of psalm tunes. and published a collection of motets, ar-
A Te Deum, composed by him when very ranged from madrigals by well-known au-
young, is still in use. Grove Meudel. thors, with this title
; Partita della musica :
COOP, ERNESTO ANTONIO LUIGI, tolta de' madrigali di Claudio Monteverde,

born in Messina, June 1, 1812, died in e d' altri autori, fatta sjiirituale da Aquilino
Naples, November, 1879. Pianist, jiupil of Cojjpino (Milan, 1607). Frtis.
a tenor named Lucchini, and of Mario Aspa COPPOLA, GIUSEPPE, born in Naples,
and Mazza. He became in 1836 professor about the middle of the 18th century-. Au-
at the Naples Conservatorio. He pub- thor of an oratorio, L' apparizione di S.
lished more tlian one hundred compositions Michele Arcangelo sul monte Gargano
for the pianoforte.
Fetis, Supjjk'ment, i. (1788) and a cantata, Gli amauti pastori, ;
200. with orchestral accompaniment. Fetis ;
COPERARIO, JOHN, flourished at be- Meudel.

ginning of the 17th century. He was an COPPOLA, PIER ANTONIO, born at
Englishman named Cooper, who Italianized Castrogiovanni, Sicily, Dec. 11, 1793, died
his name during a sojourn in Italy per- at Catania. Nov. 14, 1877. Dramatic com-
;
former on the viol da gamba and the lute. poser, pupil of liis father and at the Royal
He was musical instructor to the children College of Music, Naples, but formed him-
of James I., and comjjosed, in conjunction self chiefly by studying the scores of the
!&i
CORA
great masters. Gifted, but hampered by CORBELLINI, BERNARDINO, bom in
contemporary, Dubino, in the Valtellina, in 1748, died in

the fact that Rossini was his
begun in 1816, met Naples in 1797. Dramatic composer, pupil
his efforts for the stage,
at the Conservatorio della Pieta, Naples,
with varying success until 1835, when his
Nina pazza made its way into all the prom- under
Sala. He wrote several opere buffc,
even among which are Astuzie per astuzie, and
inent opera-houses of Europe, and
:
About 1839 he became mestre II marito imbrogliato. He composed also

to Mexico.
royal opera in Lisbon, some canzoui set to poems by Metastasio.
de eapella of the
whither he returned in 18(J0, having tempo-
Fetis Mendel. ;
rarily spent a few years in Italy to bring

CORBER, GEORG, German musician,
out "new operas. ^Yorlis Operas II figlio lived about the close of the 16th century.
:
Fondo, He seems to have been a schoolmaster at

bandito, given at Naples, Teatro del
about 1825
Sciro, ib., Nuremberg. Published works Tyrocinium:
181G ; Achille in ;
Alagona, ib., about 1830; La (1589) ; Disticha moralia ad 2 voces Sacno ;

Artallo di
Genoa, Florence, cautiones, 4 voc, fugis concinnatse (Nurem-
festa delle rose, Milan,
berg). Fetis Mendel.
about 1831 Nina, o la pazza per amore,
;
;
Rome, 1835 Enrichetta di Baieufeld,

;
CORBESIER, ANTONIO, born in Naples,
half of the 18th century. Works-

Vienna, 183G Gli lUiuesi, Turin, 1837 La
; ;
first
Operas II mercante innamorato, inven-

bella Celeste degli Spadari, Milan, 1838
:
;
zione per musiea, Teatro de' Fiorentini,

Giovanna I., regiua di Napoh, Lisbon, 1811
Inez de Castro, ib., 1842 II folletto, Rome,
;
;
1750, and II finto innamorato, 1751. Fetis,

1843 Fiugal, Palermo, 1844 L' orfana ;
Supplement, i. 201.
;
gnelfa, ib., 1845 II goudoliere di Venezia,

;
CORBETT, SAMUEL, born at Welling-
Florence, about 1850 II postiglione di
;
ton, Shropshire, England, Jan. 29, 1852,
still living, 1888. Organist, pupil of Mac-
Lonjumeau, etc. Masses, litanies, and
;
fan-en and James Coward. Works Beth-

other church music Fctis Mendel Rie-
:
; ;
lehem, cantata Sonata for pianoforte Mag- ; ;
mann.
Anthems, songs,
CORA (Alonzo et Cora), opera in four nificat, and Nunc dimittis ;
acts, text by Valadier, music by Mchul,

and part-songs.
represented at the Opi'ra, Paris,Feb. CORBETT, WILLIAM, born in England
15,
in 1669 died in 1748. Violinist, first
1701. Subject from Marmontel's " Incas," (?),
a romance of Peru, in which Cora is the heard of as a member of Queen Anne's

priestess of the Sun. A Swedish opera of band and leader of the band at the Opera
the same title, three acts, text by Adlerbeth, House, London, in 1705. In 1711 he went
to Italy and resided many years in
Rome,
music by Naumann, was produced at the
making visits to the principal towns of
opening of the new theatre, Stockholm,
Italy, amassing rare music and a
valuable
Sept. 30, 1782. Cora, ou La prctresse du
collection of violins. He returned to Eng-
soleil, music by Cambini, given at the The-
Cora, opera in land in 1740. By his will he bequeathed
atre de Beaujolais, 1787.
his collection to Gresham College, but
there
three acts, music by Heini Berton, produced
being no room for them they were dis-
at theAcademic Royale de :Musique, Paris,
July, but the representation was
1789, persed. Works: Music to Henry IV.,
1700 As you find it, 1703 do. to
do. to ;
stopped by the revolutionary troubles. ;
Cora und Alonzo, music by Lasser, Munich, Love Betrayed, or The Agreeable Dis-
appointment, 1703 Sonata for two violins
about 1795. Alonzo und Cora, ballet, music
;
by Weigh Vienna, about 1795 music by and bass, 1705 do. for two flutes and bass,
;
;
Six sonatas for two oboes

Wenzel Miiller, Vienna, 1795. Alfonso e 170G do., 1707 ;
;
or trumpets, two vioUus, and bass Twelve

Cora, music by Simon Mayr, Venice, 1803. ;
353
;
CORDANS
concertos for various instruineuts ; Con- Saint-Germain I'Auxerrois, Paris, and wrote
certos or Universal Bizzarries, composed on motets which were sung at the Concerts
all the new Gustos during many years resi- Spirituels. Fctis, who gives a list of his
dence iu Italj', op. 5 (London, 1741). The works, says he had very little talent, and
last, which consists of thirty-five concertos that his church works were severely criti-
in seven parts, professes to exhibit the dif- cised. Fotis.

ferent styles of various countries. Petis ;
CORDELLA, GERONIMO, born in the
Grove ; Mendel Iliemaun.
; kingdom of Naples, and lived in the 18th
CORDANS, B.\ETOLOMEO, born in century. He was organist, in 1783, to the
Venice in 1700, died in Udine, May 14, Arch-Confraternity of Sant' Anna di Pa-
1757. A Franciscan monk, he obtained a lazzo. His opera, Faustina, was given at
dispensation from the Po^se absolving him the Teatro de' Fiorentini, Naples, in 1747.
from his strict vows, and became in 1735 Fetis, Supplement, i. 201.
maestro of the Cathedral of Udine, in CORDELLA, GIACOMO, born in Naples,
Friuli. Before entering wpon these duties July 25, 178G, died there, Aug. 8, 1846.
he had written the following operas, which Dramatic composer sou of Gerouimo Cor-
;
were performed at Venice La generosita: delia and pupil of Fenaroli and Paisiello.
di Tiberio (conjointly with Santo Lapis), He wrote his first cantata. La vittoria dell'
1729 ; Silvia, words by the Count Enrico Area contro Gerico, at the age of nineteen.
Bissaro, played at the Teatro S. Mose, He became professor of solfeggio at tlie
1730 La Komilda, words by Carlo Paga-

; Naples Conservatorio, and maestro di cap-
nicessa, played at the same theatre, ib., pella of several of the convents of that city,
1731. He had written also the music of and was for many years director of music
the oratorio Sau liomualdo, to the words of at the Teatro Sau Carlo. His first dra-
the Abbate D. Romano Marrighi, of Imola, matic attempt was made in the Carnival of
which was sung in 1727 by a choir of the 1805, iu a farce entitled II ciarlatauo, which
monks in the convent of S. Michele di had great success in Venice, Milan, Turin,
Murano. Cordans was a man of ungovern- and Padua. Works Ojaeras L' isola in- :
able temper and eccentric habits. He cantata, given at Naples, Teatro Sau Carlo,
quarrelled with the canons of his order, 1807 ; Annibale in Capua, ib., 1808 Una ;
and at his death bequeathed much of his follia, opera buffa, ib., Teatro de' Fioren-
MS. music to a goldsmith, with orders to tini, 1809 L' avaro, do., ib., 1810 I due
; ;
burn it. Only three volumes, containing furbi, Teatro Nuovo, 1811; L' azzardo for-
twelve masses for three voices, were saved. tunato, ib., 1812 II contracambio, Rome, ;
In the archives of the cathedral of Udine Teatro Valle, 1813 U marito disperato, ;
is a collection of sixty masses which had Naples, Teatro del Fondo, 1814; Matilde
passed out of his possession before his di Lanchefort, ib., 1815 Lo scaltro millan- ;
death these are mostly concerted pieces tatore, ib., Teatro Nuovo, 1820 Lo sposo
; ;
with instrumental accompaniment, and di provincia, Rome, Teatro Argentina, 1821

some are for double chorus. There are I finti Savojardi (a revision of II ciarla-
also more than a hundred psalms, besides tauo), Venice, Teatro San Moso, 1822 II ;
motets, etc., in this collection. In Com- Castello degli Invalidi, Najsles, Teatro del
mer's Musica Sacra are five masses and five Fondo, 1823 II frenetico per amore, ib.,
;

motets for three voices, by Cordans. Fi'tis Teatro Nuovo, 1824 Alcibiade, Venice, Te-
; ;
Mendel. atro Fenice, 1825 Gli avventurieri, Milan,

;
CORDELET, CLAUDE, born in Dijon, Teatro della Canobbiana, 1825 La bella ;
date unknown, died iu Paris, Oct. 19, 17C0. prigioniera, Naples, 182G. He left in MS.
He was maitre de musique at the Church of much church music, consisting of masses.
354
CORDEll
Dixit, sacred cantatas, etc. Two cantatas, similar thing had occurred to him once be-
Maufredi, and Partenope, were given at the fore iu Rome, when he tried to read a
gala fote at La Scala in 18-11. Fetis ; do., passage of Handel's
Supplement, i. 201 ; Mendel. which that master
CORDEK, FREDERICK, born in put before him.
London, Jan. 2G, 1852, still living, 1888. On his return, he
Dramatic composer, pupil of the Roj-al found that an oboe
Academy of Music, where he gained the player (name un-
Mendelssolm scholarship in 1875, and at known), and Valen-
Cologne of Ferdinand Hiller. He retui'ned tiui, the violinist,
to England iu 1879, and was appointed albeit far inferior

conductor of the orchestra at the Brighton artists to himself,
Aquarium iu 1880. He has translated, had supplanted him
together with his brother Henry, the tests iu the admiration of the public, and he fell
of Wagner's later music-dramas into Eng- into a melancholy which did not leave him
lish. Works : Morte d'Arthur, opera, o\x 3 until his death. He was buried in the Pan-
(1877-79); Philomel, do., op. 4 (1879); theon near Raphael, and a marble monument
The Cyclops, cantata, op. 5 (1880) La the ; was erected over his tomb by Cardinal Otto-
Black Forest, suite for orchestra, op. 1 boni, who had been his chief patron during
(187(j) ; Evening on the seashore, idyl for life. Corelli is certainly one of the greatest
do., op. 2 (187G) ; Ossian, overture for do.. figures in the history of violin music. His
Philharmonic Society, Loudon, 1882 ; Songs specific executive power was probably not
and part-songs. extraordinarily brilliant, even for his day ;
CORELLI, ARCANGELO, born at his violin parts never run higher than the
Fusignauo, near Luola, iu the Bologuese third p)osition, and present no very great
territory, February, 1653, died in Rome, difficulties of any sort. But his style as a
Jan. 18, 1713. He studied counterpoint player was perfection itself no one ever ;
under Matteo Simonelli, and the violin understood the true nature of the violin
under G. B. Bassani. It has been sup- better than he. In composition he was a
posed that he went to Paris, and was driv- master his works are models of elegance
;
en thence by the jealousy and inti-igues and correctness of style, and are especially
of Lulli, but this is more than doubtful ;
noteworthy for the way in which they
that he travelled through parts of Germany bring out the finest qualities of the violin.
is more certain, for we know that he was Indeed, Corelli occupies very much the po-
in the service of the Elector of Bavaria iu sition in the history of the violin that P.
1680. In 1683 he settled in Rome, pub- Emanuel Bach does iu that of the jjiano-
lishing first opus (sonatas for forte.
there his Published works 1. 12 sonate a :
two and bass, with organ accomjaa- tre, due violini e violoncello, col basso per
violins
niment). His reputation was already great r organo, op. 1 (Rome, 1683) 2. 12 suo- ;
at this time. The King of Naples invited nate da camera a tre, due violini, violoncello
him repeatedly to come to that city, but it e violone o cembalo, op. 2 (Rome, 1685) 3. ;
was only during the later years of his life 12 suonate a tre, due violini e arciliuto col
that he really went there. His success on basso per 1' organo, op. 3 (Bologna, 1G90,
this visit was brilliant, but one or two tri- Antwerp, 1G81) 4. 12 suonate da camera a ;
fling mishaps (slips made in trying to read tre, due violini e violone o cembalo, op. 4
at sight music in an unaccustomed style) so (Bologna, 1694 an Amsterdam edition has ;
annoyed him that he returned to Rome, the title Balletti da camera) 5. 12 suo- ;
feeling that he had disgraced himself. A nate a violino e violone o cembalo, op. 5
35S
;
CORETTE
(Rome, 1700 the same arranged by Ge-
; CORFE, CHARLES WILLIAM, born in
miniani as Concert! srrossi) G. Coiicerti Salisbury, England, July 13, 1814, died in
;
Oxford, Dec. IG, 1883. Organist, son and

pupil of Arthur Thomas Corfe. He was ap-
pointed organist of Christ Church Cathe-
dral, Oxford, in 1816. Mas. Bac, Oxford,
gi'ossicon due violine e violoncello di con- 1817 Mus. Doc, ib., 1852 Choragus of ; ;
certino obligati, e due altri violini e basso the University of Oxford, 1860 retired in ;
di concerto grosso ad arbitrio che si po- 1882 from ill-health. He published some
tranno radoppiare, op. G (Rome, 1712). songs, glees, and anthems. His brother,
Several other editions of most of these John Davis Corfe (1801-187G), was for many
works have been published but all since, years conductor of the Bristol Madrigal
other compositions purporting to be by Society, one of the best choirs in England.
CorelU are spurious. Wasielewski, Die Vio- CORFE, JOSEPH, born in Salisbury,
line uud ihre Meister, 38 Grove Fetis. ; ; England, in 1740, died in 1820. Chorister
CORETTE, lived in Paris, second
, in Salisbury Cathedral, gentleman of the
half of the 18th century. He wrote for the Chapel Royal in 1782, and organist and
Opera Comique, then the rival of the Come- choirmaster of Salisbury Cathedral from
die Italienne. "Works Les ages, ballet : 1792 to 1804. He j'ublished a volume of
pantomime Le jugement de Midas Nina,
; ; cathedral music, consisting of a service,
pantomime italienne Arlequin Persoe, Ar- ; eight anthems, etc. ; Three sets of glees of
mide, pantomimes a machines Ai'lequin ; twelve each Beauties of Handel, 154 songs,
;
boulanger, pantomime en vaudeville Di- ; duets, and trios with jiianoforte accompani-
ane et Eudymion, ballet pantomime, Paris ment Three collections of
(3 vols., n. d.) ;
and London Concertos eomiques. Opera

; Nine vocal trios Treatise
Scottish songs ; ;
Comique Les Tricotes Ma mie Margot

; ; on Singing (London, 1791) Thorough ;
La bequille du pere Barnabas Les pan- ; Bass Simplified (London, n. d.). Grove ;
tins, ballet general ; La touriere, panto- Brown.

mime. He wrote also the music to La CORIGLIANO, Cavaliere DOilENICO,
fete infernale, and of several born at the Castle of Rignano, Naj^les, Jan.
by Valois,
ballets in the ojieras-comiques by Pannard, 17, 1770, died in Naples, Feb. 22, 1838.
Carolet, Favart, Lagrange, and other.s. Fe- Yocal composer, studied music at Naples,
tis, Supplement, i. '201. became a knight of the Order of St. John
CORFE, ARTHUR THOMAS, born in in 1795, and embarked for Malta two years
Salisbury, England, April !), 1773, died after. Finding the island in the power of
there, Jan. 28, 1863. Organist, son of the French under Bonaparte, and the
Joseph Corfe. In 1783 he became a chor- knights disjjersed, he returned to Naples
ister at Westminster Abbey, and he stud- and, after the return of King Ferdinand,
ied the jiianoforte under Muzio Clemcnti. was for five years commissioner of the royal
In 1801 he succeeded his father as organist theatres. Works Collection of romances :
and master of the children of Salisbury Ca- and canzonets (Naj^les, 1814) 12 duets for ;
thedral. He wrote and published A ser- tenor and soprano (Paris, 1818) 12 ariette : ;
vice Anthem, Lord, thou art become gi-a- for soprano (ib.) Four ariette (JNIilan) Lira
: ; ;
cious Ordination Hymn, from Handel's sentimeutale, 36 melodies (Naples, 1822)

;
;
works Pianoforte pieces, songs, glees, etc. others published in Florence and Rome.
;
He was the author also of a didactic woi'k, He left also in manuscript a large number
" Principles of Harmony and Thorough of duets, trios, and quartets. Fetis Men- ;
Bass."
Grove Fetis Mendel. ; del. ;
S6S
COEIOLAN
CORIOLAN, minor, to Col- but adopted music as a profession and in
overture in C
lin's tragedy, of the same by Beethoven, 1852 joined the young artists at ^Yeimar
title,
op. 62, composed in April, 1807. Dedicated

who, under Liszt's
leadership, were
to the poet Heinrich Joseph vou Collin.
carry
First performed iu the Liebhaberzconcert, striving to
and published in out the ideas of
Vienna, December, 1807,
1808. Edition of Breitkopf & Hiirtel (Leip- Richard Wagner.
sic), Beethovens ^Yerke, Ouverturen fiir Or-
He undertook to
chester, No. 1. Given by the Philharmonic elucidate the new
Societj-, New York, first time, 1857-58. principles iu the
Collin's tragedy, five acts, was represented Neue Zeitschrift
in Berlin, ISO-l. Thayer, Yerzeichniss, 72 ;
fiir Musik, the or-
Lenz, Beethoven, ii. 62 Schiudler, i. 142. ;
gan of the party,
CORIOLANDS, the hero of one of the and composed a
Roman legends (i3.c. 490 ?), is the sub-
early
comic opera, Der Barbier von Bagdad, of
ject of thefollowing operas Coriolano, :
which only a single performance took place,
opera, music by Cavalli, given iu in 1858, but which was revived and much
Italian
Parma, 1669 ; by Caldara, Vienna, 1717 ;
applauded in several cities of Germany in
London, 1723 by Treu, Bres- 1886-87. He then went to Vienna and join-
by Ariosti, ;
lau, about 1726 by Graun, Berlin, 1750

; ;
ed Wagner, whom he followed in 1865 to
by Lavigna, Parma, 1806 by NiccoHni, ;
Munich, where he became reader to King
ililan, 1809. Marzio Coriolano, Italian op- Ludwig II. and professsor of harmony and
era, text by Silvani, music by Perti, Venice,
rhetoric at the Kunigliche Musikschule.
1683 text by Matteo Noris, music by Pol-

;
His ojiera, Der Cid, was performed at Wei-
larolo, Venice, 1698. Cajo Marzio Corio- mar iu 1865, and he was at work on Guu-
lod, taken from the legends of the Edda,
lano, text by Moniglia, music by Lorenzo
Cattani, Pisa, about 1700 music by Jom- ;
when he died. Among his published works,
are Duets for
Rome, 1744 by Pietro Pulli, Naples,
:
melli, ;
soprauo and bar-

1745 by Alessaudro Radicati, about 1810.
;
-i^^^^^^'-^t^*:^ i t o n e op. 6
CORKINE, ^YILLIAM, lived in England , ;
Lieder-Cy c 1 u s,
iu 16th and 17th centuries. Lute j)layer and
composer. Nothing is known of his life. op. 3 Weiluachtslieder, op. 8 and Trauer-
;
;
Published works Ayres to Sing and Play

:
chore, for men's voices, op. 9. Mus. Woch-
with Pavins, enblatt. Autobiography, v. 551 N. Zeitschr.
to the Lute and Basse Violl
;
;
Galliards, Almaines and Corantos for the f. Mus. (1887), 517, 531, 542, 551, 574 ;
Lyra Violl (1610) The Second Book of (1888), 1 Sammlung mus. Vortrilge (Breit-
;
;
Ayres, some to sing and play to the Base kopf & Hiirtel), ii. 225 Sandberger, Leben ;
P. C.
Violl alone others to be sung to the Lute und Werke des Dichter-Musikers
;
and Base with new Corautoes, etc., as (Leipsic, 1887).

Y'ioll
also divers new Descants upon old Grounds, CORNET, SI^VERIN, born at Valenci-
set to the Lyra Violl (1612). Grove F6- ennes about 1540, died ('?). He studied mu-
;
sic in Italy, and was master of the choris-

tis ; Mendel.
CORNELIUS, PETER, born in Mainz, ters at the Church of Notre Dame,

Antwerp,
position he held until his death. His
Dec. 24, 1824, died there, Oct. 24, 1874. !a
principal last pupil was Corneille Werdonck. Works :
Dramatic composer, one of the

He Chansons fran;aises a cinq, six et huit
members of the new German school.
the parties Madrigali a 5, 6, 7 e 8 voci Can-
was a nephew of Peter von Cornelius
;
;
for the stage. tiones musicte, 5, 6, 7 et 8 vocum (1581) ;

painter, and was intended
367
; :;
CORNETTE
Motetti a 5, 6, 7 e 8 voci (1582). Fetis ;
the Holy Spirit at Ferrara. Works ; Mo-
Mendel. tetti concertati a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 voci, etc.
CORNETTE, LOUIS HIPPOLYTE, born (Venice, 1638). The first part of this col-
at Amiens in 17G0, died there in 1832. lection was reprinted with the title Sacnie
Ciiurcli composer, first instructed at the cautioues, etc., op. 1, lib. i. (Antwerp, 1G45).
cathedral of his native city, where he was Fetis ; Mendel.
a choir-boy, then in Paris pujjil of the CORNU, RENP:, born in Paris, April 2,
Abbe Duguet. After his return to Amiens 1792, died there, June, 1832. Pianist, son
he became organist, and later maitre de of a sub-teacher of singing at Notre Dame
chapelle at the cathedral. He left in mande Paris received his first musical edu- ;
uscript many masses, motets, psalms, hymns, cation in the free school of that cathedral
and other church music. Mendel. pupil of Ladurner on the pianoforte, and of
Ft'tis ;
CORNETTE, VICTOR, Amiens, Desvignes and Eler in composition. Pub-

born at
France, in 1795, died (?). Instrumental lished works Vive Henri IV., varie pom- :
composer and virtuoso, son and pupil of piano, op. 3 Chaur d'lphigenie en Aulide, ;
the preceding then at the Conservatoire, varie pour piano, op. 4

; Charmante Ga- ;
Paris, pujjil of Lesueur. As musician of a brielle Varie, op. 6 Quand le bien-aime ; ;
i-egiment he took part in the campaigns of reviendra, op. 8 God save the King etc. ; ;
1813-14 in Holland and Belgium, was con- He wrote also a Messe solennelle, given at
ductor of a regimental baud in the service Notre Dame. Fetis.
of the King of Holland in 1815-17, then CORONA, LA (The Crown), Italian op-
professor at the Jesuits' College of Saint- eretta in one act, text by Metastasio, mu-
Acheiil until 1824 Having been a mem- sic by Gluck, represented at the Imperial
ber of the orchestras at different theatres Court, Vienna, 17C5. Subject, the hunt-
in Paris in 182542, and chef d'orchestre ing of the Caledonian boar. Scene in the
at the theatre in Strasburg in 1842-41, Caledonian forest. Characters represented
he returned to Paris, was chef des chceui's Atalauta, princess of Argos, attendant of
at the Opera in 1847-48, then entered upon Diana and friend of Asteria Meleagro, ;
his former position in the orchestra of the prince of .3Etolia, leader of the Caledonian
Opera Comique. He was also adjunct or- chase ; Climene, attendant of Minerva, sis-
ganist at Saiut-Sulpice, and at the Cha- ter of Atalanta ; Asteria, sister of Meleagro,
pelle des luvalides. Able to j^lay uiôn attendant of Diana and friend of Atalanta ;
most instruments, and having a thorough Chorus of huntsmen, etc.

knowledge of all, he was asked by Paris CORONARO, GAETANO, contemporary
jjublishers to write methods for many in- Italian composer, pupil at the Conservatorio,
struments. He arranged for the pianoforte Milan, which he left in 1873. At the an-
thirty-nine scores of operas, and church mu- nual exercises he brought out, with great
sic. Of his own compositions are known : success, a lyrical scene entitled, Un tra^
37 airs varies, for cornet 24 duos for do. ;
; monto, written to words by Arrigo Boito.
18 duos for bassoons 14 grand studies for
; He was afterwards chosen to compose the
cornet ; 6 do. for trombone ; 5 quadrilles for music for an opera. La Creole and a fund ;
military band ; 2 suites of waltzes for do. having been given by the music publisher
150 miscellaneous pieces for different in- Lucca for the best graduate of the Con-
struments.
Fetis Mendel. ; servatorio, it was awarded to Coronaro, who
CORNETTI, PAOLO, born in Rome in then visited the great art centres of Europe,
the early part of the 17th century. He was Paris, Vienna, Berlin, Cologne, Leipsic, and
a monk of one of the strict orders, and Dresden. On his return he published a
maestro di cappella of the confraternity of Vocal Album, containing sis pieces ([Milan,
368
: ;
coro:n'ation
Ricordi) ; also, Nimierella, for violin, with CORREA, Trade MANOEL, born in Lis-
pianoforte (ib.). He was assistant maestro bon latter half of the 16th century. Car-
concertante at ILe Teatro della Scala, 187G. melite monk, mestre de capella in 1625 of
Fetis, Sui^pk'uient, i. the Church of Santa Cathariua.
202. He was
CORONATION ANTHEM, music by Han- the author of a motet, Adjuva nos, Deus,
del, composed for and performed at the for five voices, which is preserved in the MS.
coronation ceremony of George li., West- department of the Librai-y of the King of
minster Abbey, Oct. 11, 1727. It is ar- Portugal. Another Manoel Correa, born at
ranged in the original score in four divi- Lisbon about the same time, was chaplain of
sions, as follows I. Zadok the Priest the cathedral at Seville in 1625. He wrote
:
(1 Kings, i. 38-40). Let thy H

deeds be some motets, which are also preserved in
glorious (Ps., Ixsxix. 14, 15). HI. The the Library of the King of Portugal. Fc-
King shall rejoice (Ps., xxi. 1). IV. My tis Mendel. ;
heart is inditing (Ps., xlv. 1). The MS., in CORREA, HENRIQUES CARLOS, born
Buckingham Palace, is undated, but the in Lisbon, Feb. 10, 1680, died (?). Mestre
music was rehearsed at Westminster Abbey, de cajiella of the cathedral at Coimbre. He
Sept. G, 1727. It was first published by wrote many masses, motets, and other church
Walsh reprinted by Arnold Handel Soci- music, preserved in the MS. department of
; ;
ety (London, 1843-44) Hiindelgesellschaft the Library of the King of Portugal. A list
;
(Leipsic, 18G3).
Rockstro, Handel, 153 is given by Machado. Bibliotheca Lusita-
;

Schceleher, 78. nia, ii. 44G Fetis MendeL ; ;
CORONINI, PAOLO, born at Vincenza CORRETTE, mCHEL, bom at St. Ger-

in 1796, died Jan. 14, 1875. Violinist; main, France, organist in 1755 of the Col-
travelled a great deal while young, settled lege des Josuites of the rue St. Antoine,
at Trieste in 1828, and became conductor Paris. An enthusiastic admirer of French
of the orchestra at the Opera, and first music he gave firivate concerts at which ;
violin at the Chajêl of St. Just. Works the music of Lulli and Campra was played,
Collection of scales and mechanical exer- together with cantatas of his own, which he
cises Exercises with second violin in accompanied on the harpsichord. He ojiened
;
counterjjoiut Melodic scales with adagios a music school, and wrote many elementary
;
;
42 fitudes. Caprice brillant 2 Variations works. He was organist to the Due d'An-
;
on original themes, with orchestra, or goulome in 1780. Works Les soirees de :
pianoforte ; Fantaisie a la Paganini ; Grand la ville, cantates a voix seule avec basse
Rondo, with quartet ; Polonaise brillante, continue pour le clavecin (1771) Methode ;
with orchestra ; etc. Futis, Supplement, pour apprendre a jouer de la liarpe (1774)
i. 202. Mc'thode pour apprendre a jouer de la flilte
CORRADINI, NHCOLi'), born in Berga- traversiere (1788) Le parfait maitre a chan-
;
mo, maestro di cappella of the jJi'in-

Italy, ter Methode pour apprendre facilemeut a
;
cipal chui-ches of Cremona about the close jouer de la quinte ou de I'alto (1782) L'art ;
of the IGtli centurj'. He was also maestro de se perfectionner sur le violon Methode ;
at the Accademia degl' Animosi, Cremona. pour le violonceUe contenant les veritables
Published a collection, Canzoni francesi a positions (1782) ; Methode pour apprendre
quattro voci. His most important work is, a jouer de la vielle (1783). These works
Motetti a una, due, tre e quattro voci, fra contain some curious information relating
quali ve ne sono alcuni concertati con in- to French music in the middle of the 18th
stromenti, e con il basso continue per century. Fetis Mendel. ;
r organo, lib. primo (Venice, 1G24). Fi'tis

CORRETTE, INHCHEL, fils, son of the
;
Mendel. preceding, and organist of the Church of the
359
;
COEPJ
Temple, Paris. He published Pieces pour music by Weigl, Vienna, about 1790 and ;
I'orgue clans un genre nouveaii, :i Fusage in three acts, by Rietz, Leipsic, 1850. The
ties dames religieuses et de ceux qui tou- Corsair, English ojjera, music by Samuel Ar-
cbent I'orgue, avec le melange des jeux et nold, London, 1801 by Jonathan Blewitt,
;
la maniere d'imiter le tonnerre (1786).Fe- London, 1812 and by Christopher Dessel,

;
tis ; Mendel. text after Byron's "Corsair," London, 1873.

CORRI, DOMENICO, born in Naples in II Corsaro, Italian ojjera, music by Celli,
nH (Rome, 1746 '?), died in London, May Rome, 1823 by Pacini, Rome, 1831 by
; ;
22, 1825. Dramatic composer, pupil in Na- Luigi Arditi, Havana, 1846 by Pappa- ;
ples of Porpora, in 1763-67. In 1774: be lardo, Naples, 1846 by Misi, Turin, 1847
; ;
went to London, where be was a teacher and by Verdi, Trieste, 1848. La Corsara, Italian
music publisher. He lived for a while also opera, music by Piccinni, Naples, 1772. I
in Edinburgh, where be conducted the Mu- Corsari, Italian opera, text by Romani, mu-
sical Society.
Works Operas Alessaodro : sic by Mazzucato, Milau, Feb. 15, 1840. A
neir Lidie, given in Loudon, 1774 The ; Danish ojjera called The Corsairs, by Hart-
Travellers, ib., about 1815. He wrote also mann, was given at Copenhagen in 1836.
two volumes of sonatas for the pianoforte, Le Corsaire noir, opera-boufl'e in three acts,
rondos, and manj' songs to English, French, text and music by Offenbach, Theater an
and Italian words and published a Musical
; der Wien, Vienna, Sept. 21, 1872.
Dictionary (1708), Ai-t of Fingering (1798), CORSAIRE, LE, overture for full orches-
Musical Grammar, etc. His sons, Monta- tra, by Hector Berlioz, op. 21. Dedicated
gue Corri (1784-1849) and Haydn Corri to " son ami Davison." Published by Ri-
(1785-1800), were music teachers and com- chault (Paris).
posers. His daughter, Sophie Corri (born, CORSI, BERNARDO, born in Cremona,
1775), who married Johann Ludwig Dus- Italy, lived at the beginning of the 17th
sek,
was a singer and harpist. Fetis century. He published, in 1617, psalms for
Grove Mendel Schilling.
; ; five voices entitled Sacra ouni. Solemn, :
CORRI, PIETRO, born at Naples in the vespertiua jisalmodia, 5 vocum, op. 6 Le- ;
early -pnvt of this century, died (?). Dra- tanie, autifouie e motetti a 8 voci ; Psalmi
matic composer, pupil of Donizetti. Works : vespertini octo vocum, op. 7 Concerti o
;
Galeotto Manfredi, given in Rome, Teatro motetti a 1, 2, 3, 4 voci, con lui Magnificat,
Valle, 1839 ; Argia in Atene, ib., Teatro Ar- op. 5 (1613) ; Compieta, motetti e Letauie
gentina, 1846. Fetis. della B. V. a otto voci, op. 9 (Venice, 1619).
CORS.A[R, THE, cantata, text by R. E. Fetis ; Jlendel.
Francillon, adapted from Byron's poem, CORSI, GIUSEPPE, maestro di cappella
music by Frederic Hymen Cowen, com- of S. M. Maggiore, Rome, in 1G07, accord-
posed for the Birmingham (England) Festi- ing to a collection of motets pubUshed in
val, Aug. 29, 1876. Sung by Mile Tietjens that year, though his name is not found iu
(Gulnare), Mme Lemmens (Medora), 3Ir. the Abbate Baini's list of the maestri of that
Lloyd (Conrad), and Signer Foli (Seyd). church. He wrote Motetti a 2, 3, 4 voci :
CORSAIRE, LE (The Corsair), opL'ra-co- (Rome, 1667) Miserere a cinque Motetti ; ;
miquc in three acts, text by La Chabeaus- a 9.Fetis Mendel. ;
siere, music by Dalayrac, represented at CORTECCIA, FRANCESCO DI BER-

the Theatre Italien, Paris, March 17, 1783. NARDO, born in Arezzo early in the 16th
The success of this, one of Dalayrac's ear- century, died in Florence, June 7, 1571.
liest works, decided him to devote himself His family settled iu Florence when he was
to a dramatic career. Of a similar title are very young, whence he has generally been
the following: Der Corsar, German oiêraj called a Floreutiue. He was organist in
360
COETELLIXI
1531 of tlie Cburcn of S. Lorenzo, of wbicli CORTONNA, ANTONIO, born in Venice,
he was also a canon, aud maestro di cappella beginning of the 18th century. Nothing is
ill 154:1-71 to Cosmo the Great. The old- known of his history. He is the author of
est of his compositions, nine pieces for four, two operas Amor iudovino, given at Ven- :
six, and eight voices, are in a rare work in ice in 172G and Marianne, ib., 1728.Fe- ;
the Imiierial Library, Vienna, entitled Mu- tis Mendel. :

;
siche fatte uelle nozze dello illustrissimo COSA SENTO ? TOSTO ANDATE. See
duca di Fironze, il Signor Cosimo de' Me- Nozze di Figaro.
dici, etc. (Venice, Gardane, 1539). Other COSl FAN TUTTE (They all do it),
works Madrigali a quattro voci, lib. i and ossia La scuola degli amanti (The School
:
ii (ib., 1515, 1547) Primo libro de' Madri- for Lovers), ojsera bufl'a in two acts, text by
;
gali a 5 e G voci (ib., 1517) Responsoria et Da Ponte, music by !Mozart, first rejne-
;
lectiones hebdomadre sanctse (ib., 1570 sented in Vienna, Jan. 2G, 1790. It was
;
but see Goriwcid) Kesiduum cantiei Zac- written bj' command of the Emperor Jo-
;
charise (ib., 1570) Cauticorum liber pri- seph n., but he died before the first per-
;
mus (ib., 1571). A volume containing formance, and Mozart did not reap from
thirty-two hymns in 4-part counterpoint is the work the benefits for which he had
in the Laureutiau Library, Florence, and a hoped
the nomination as second Kajjell-
copy of the madrigals is in Christ Church meister to the court. The libretto is so
Library, Oxford.
Grove Ft'tis Mendel. bad that on its production in Paris, in 1807,
; ;
CORTELLINI, CAMILLO, lived at the the music was fitted to a new text entitled
begiimiug of the 17th centuiy. Violinist Le laboui'eur chiuois. In 18G2 it was pro-
in the service of the municipality of Bo- duced at the Italiens with the original
logna. From his proficiency on the violin words, and on March 31, 18G3, with a new
he was called II Violiuo. Several volumes libretto by Michel Carre and Jules Barbier,
of his 25saltns, litanies, masses, and other sa- arranged from Shakespeare's " Love's La-
cred pieces were published by Vicenti, of bour's Lost," entitled Peines d'amour per-
Venice.
Ft'tis. dues but in the change of the plot, the
;
CORTESI, FRANCESCO, Italian dra- scene, and the epoch, the noble inusic of
matic composer, author of the following Mozart was spoiled. It was produced at the
operas Michaela, Parma, 1855
: L' etra, King's Theatre, London, May 9, 1811 and
; ;
Siena, 1857 ; Almina, Rome, 1859 Le in 1828, in an English version, as Tit for Tat.
;
dame a servire, 1859 La colj)a del cuore, In Germany it was given under various
;
Florence, Teatro della Pergola, 1870 Ma- titles Scliule der Liebe, Vienna, 1794 Die
; : ;
riulizza, ib., 1871.

Fetis, SuppKment, i. Wette, Oder Madchenlist, Munich, 1795;
203. Mildchentreue, Berlin and Leipsic, 1805 ;
CORTEZ. See Fernnnd Cortez. Die Zauberprobe, Vienna, 1814 Mildchen ;
CORTICCIO, FRANCESCO, born in Ve sind Miidchen, Stuttgart, 181G Sind sie ;
rona, lived in the second half of the 16th treu ? Stuttgart, 1856 Weibertreue, Dres- ;
century. He is the author of a collection den, 1856 So machen's Alle, Carlsruhe, ;
of madrigals for five voices entitled Fiam- 18G0 Alle wie Fine, Dresden, 1871.
: ; Hans-
mette dell' amore (Venice, 15G9). It is lick, jNIoderne Oper, 43.
very probable, says Fetis, that a work pub- COSim, NICOLO, born in Rome, sec-
lished under the name of Cortitius, with ond half of the 17th century. Violinist,
the title, Responsoria et lectiones hebdo- pupil of Corelli (V). He went to London
mads sanctai, 4 vocum, is by Corticcio aud in 1702, and published twelve solos for vio-
not by Corteccia, although attributed to the lin, dedicated to the Duke of Bedford (Lon-
latter. Fetis Mendel.
; don, 1706). Fetis; Mendel.
361
;
COSSET
COSSET, FRANgOIS, loorn in Saint- of the first rank. Works : Conzertstiick,
Qiientin, France, about 1620. He was Pieces de salon, Fantasias on ojjeratic
educated at the free school of Saint-Queu- themes. Fetis ; Grove ; Mendel.
tiii, became minor canon of the church of COSSONI, CARLO DONATO, born in
Laon, and subsequently maitre de cha- about 1640, died at Gravedona, on Italy
Lake Como, Feb. 8, 1700. Organist of
pelle of the Cathedral of llheims, where he
remained four years. Works Missa quatuor 5. Petronio, Bologna, and member of the
:
vocum ad imit. mod. Cantate Domino Accademia Filarmonica, ib., until 1671 ;
; ;
IVIissa sex vocum ad imit. mod. Domine then maestro di cappella in 1675 of the
;
salvum fac regem Missa sex vocum ad Metropolitan Church of Milan, a position
;
imit. mod. Surge propera (1659)

; Missa he resigned about 1686, to accej)t an eccle-
;
quiuque vocum ad imit. mod. Salvum me siastical benefice at Gravedona. His works
;
fac Deus (1661)Missa quatuor vocum ad

; consist of masses, psalms, motets, etc., of
imit. mod. ; meum Missa
Eructavit cor ; which fifty-two, composed in 1665-99, re-
sex vocum ad imit. mod. Super flumina ; main in manuscrii^t. The following were
Babj'lonis (1673) Missa quinque vocibus,
; jjublished in Bologna Lamentazioni, op.
:
ad imit. mod. Gaudeamus omnes (1676)

; 5 Salmi a otto voci (1667) Salmi con-
; ;
Missa quatuor vocum ad imit. mod. Exul- ; certati a cinque voci e 2 violini, etc., op. 6
tate Deo (1G82). Futis Mendel. ; (1668) ; Motetti a 2 e 3 voci, op. 9 (1670) ;
COSSMANN, BERNHAED, born at Des- Canzouette amorose a voce sola (1669).
sau, May 17, 1822, Fetis ; Mendel ; Monatshefte fiir Musik-
still living, 1888. geschichte, iii. 49.
Virtuoso on the COSTA, AFFONSO VAZ DA, born in
violoncello, jjupil Portugal, close of the 16th century. He
of Espenhahn and went to Rome in his youth, and studied
Karl Drechsler, at singing and comj)Osition under the best
Brunswick (1837- masters of the time. On his return to
40) of Theodor Portugal, he was mestre decapellaatBadajos,
Miiller, and in and afterwards at Avila. His compositions,
Dresden of which are quite numerous, are j)reserved in
Kumm er. He the MS. department of the Library of the
then went to King of Portugal. Fctis Mendel Vascon- ; ;
Paris, was a member of the orchestra of cellos, 60.

the Theatre Italieu until 1846, and made COSTA, Frade ANDRlfi DA, born in Lis-
concert tours to Baden-Buden, BerUn, Leij)- bon, first half of the 17th century, died July
sic, Brunswick, etc. In 1847-48 he was solo 6, 1685. In 1650 he entered the confrater-
violoncellist of the Gewandhaus concerts nity of the Trinity. He was harpist of the
at Leipsic, and studied composition under chapel of the kings Dom Affouso VI., and
Hauptmann in 1849 he played in London Dom Pedro II., of Portugal, who held him
;
and at Windsor Castle, and for the Phil- in great esteem. His works are in MS. in
harmonic Society in Dublin. Having spent the Library of the King of Portugal. Bi-
the following winter in Paris, he was brought bliog. Lusit. Ft'tis Mendel Vasconcel- ; ; ;
to Weimar through Liszt in 1850, and ap- los, 61.

Ijointed chamber virtuoso and solo violon- COSTA, FRANCISCO DA, born in (?),
cellist to the grand duke in 1866 he went died in Lisbon in 1667.
; His works, all of
to Moscow as professor at the Conserva- which are in MS., prove him to have been
tory, but returned to Germany in 1870, and a thorough musician and clever theorist.
settled at Badeu-Baden. He is a virtuoso For a list of them see Machado Bibliog.
COSTA
Lusit., iv. 131 ; Vasconcellos, 02 ; Ft'tis ;
pil of Pasquale Costa, then at the Conserva-
Mendel. torio di San Sebastiauo pupil of Crescentini
COSTA, FRANCISCO EDUARDO DA, in singing, of Gio-
born Lamego, Portugal, May 15, 1815, vanni Furno in har-
at
died in Oporto in 185i. His parents re- mony, of Giacomo
moved in 1822 to Ojjorto, where he attracted Tritto (his grand-
the notice of the Duke of Braganza, who father) in counter-
commissioned Costa to write the Te Deum
and of Zin- point,
to celebrate the return of the king to Oporto
composi- garelli in
(1835). He became leader at the S. JoiTo tion. In 1829 he

Theatre, organized the first Philharmonic went to England to
Society of Oporto, and was mestre de ca- assist at the Bir-
pella and organist of the Cathedral. He mingham Festival,
left a quantity of church music, consisting then visited London, and in 1830 was
of masses with organ and orchestra Cre- engaged by Laporte as maestro al piano
;
dos Libera me
;
Responses, etc. Fetis, at the King's Theatre, and in 1833 as di-
;
Supplement, i. 201 Vasconcellos, 62 Men- rector and conductor. He was naturalized

; ;
del, Ergiinz., G8. in 1839, became conductor of the Phil-

COSTA, GIOVANNI PAOLO, born in harmonic Society in 1846, of the new Italian
Genoa, close of the IGth century. He was Opera at Covent Garden in 1847, and of the
maestro di cappella at Treviso. He i)ub- Sacred Harmonic Society in 1848, in which
lished Madrigali a due, tre e quattro voci, latter capacity he conducted the Handel
:
lib. 1 Madrigali a cinque voci, lib. 1 e 2. Festivals from 1857. Engaged for the
;
Fetis. Birmingham festival in 1849, he continued

COSTA, JOAO EVANGELISTA PE- to conduct it until 1882 in 1871 he was ;
REIRA DA, born in Lisbon in 1805, died appointed director of music, composer, and
in Paris in 1830. Dramatic composer edu- conductor at Her Majesty's Theatre.
; His
cated at the ^matriarchal seminary of Lisbon, fame rests chiefly upon his superior powers
which he entered in 1815. He was con- as a conductor. He was knighted at Wind-
ductor of the orchestra of the San Carlos sor in 1868, and decorated with orders
Theatre, Lisbon, in conjunction with Mer- from the sovereigns of Wiirtemberg, Hol-
cadaute, where he brought out his opera, land, Turkey, and Italy. "Works Operas :
Egilda de Proven<;a, and a cantata, Tribute II sospetto funesto, given at the Teatro
a virtude, in 1827. A quarrel arose between del Conservatorio, Naples, 1826 II delitto ;
Mercadante and Costa, on account of criti- punito, ib., 1827 II carcere d' Ildegonda, ;
cisms upon this opera he left Lisbon and Teatro Nuovo, 1828 Malvina, Teatro San
; ;
went to Paris, where he became intimately Carlo, 1829 Malek Adhel, Paris, Theatre ;
associated with Rossini, whose influence is Italien, 1838 Don Carlos, London, 1844. ;
visible in the opera, Egilda de Proveni;a, Ballets Kenilworth, ib., 1831 Uue heure : ;
1828, a superior work which gave great

promise. His Te Deum for eight voices,
written in the same year, was jjroduced in
Lisbon, July 24, 1873. Fetis, Suppli'ment,
i. 204 ; Vasconcellos, G7 ; Mendel, Ergilnz.,
68. a Naples, ib., 1832 Sir Huon, ib., 1833 ; ;
COSTA, Sir mCHAEL,

born at Naples, Alma, ib., 1842. Oratorios La Passione, :
Feb. 4, 1807 (1806 ?), died in London, April Naples, 1827 EIi, Birmingham Festival, ;
28, 1884. Dramatic composer, son and pu- 1855 Naamaii. ib., 1864. Cantatas L' Im- ;
:
3G3
:
COSTA
magine, Najiles, 1825 ;
Magnificat (Rome,
The Dream, Lon-
etc., Psalmi, Motetti,
dou, 1858 ; Hymn, Canzoui and Madrigals (Orvieto,
ib., Coveut Garden, 1618) ;
1867 do., Berlin, 1869

; Mass for i voices 1621). He published two collections con-
;
and orchestra Dixit Dominus,

; for do. taining motets, airs, and madrigals by Pa- ;
Three symi^houies for full orchestra Songs lestriua and others, besides his own (1614,
;
and miscellaneous music.

Athenajum 1621).-Grove Fetis Mendel ; ;
(1884), i. 576 FOtis, Sui^plement, i. 205

;
COSTANZI, GIOVANNI, called Gioan- ;
Grove. uino di Roma, born in Rome, died there,

COSTA, SEBASTIAODA, boru at March 5, 1778. A violinist in the service of
Azeitao, Portugal, beginning of the 17th Cardinal Ottoboui, nephew of Pope Alex-
century, died in Lisbon in 1696. He was ander VIH., he became assistant maestro di
mestre de capella to the Kings Dom Aftbuso cappella of S. Pietro in Vaticauo in 1754,
VI. and Dom Pedro II. musician of the and full maestro in 1755, a position which
;
Koyal Chapel of Dom Joao IV., and che- he retained until his death. Works Carlo :
valier of the Order of Christ. He left Por- Magno, oiêra, given in Rome, 1729 a ;
tugal at the death of this king, intending Miserere, which was very celebrated mo- ;
never to return, but was recalled from Spain tets for 16 voices preserved in the original
by the widowed queen. Many of his com- MS. in the Pontifical Chaiêl ; Offertories
positions are preserved in the Royal Library for four voices ; Ave IMaria for three voices ;
of Portugal. Fetis, SujJislemeut, i. 203 ;

Salve Regina for four voices ; Dixit for
Vasconcellos, 71 ; Mendel, Ergiinz., 68. eight voices ; Te Deum and Magnificat for
COSTA E SYLVA, FRANCISCO DA, eight voices ; Pastoral Mass for four voices ;
born in Portugal ('?), died in Lisbon, May Laudate for four voices ; Regina CVeli for
11, 1727. He was canon and
mestre di four voices Salve Regina for soprano and ;
capella Cathedral of Lisbon. He chorus. Fetis Mendel.

of the ;
left the following works in MS. Missa a 4 COSTE, JULES, born in Lorraine about
:
vozes com todo o genero de iustrumentos 1828, died Nov. 13, 1883. Amateur dra- ;
Miserere all vozes, com instrumentos Mo- matic comjioser. His operettas, which ;
tetes para se cantarem as missas das do- Pougiu says are of little consequence, have
mingas da quaresma Lameutayao primeira ; been played in jjrivate and in some of the
de quarta feira de Trevas a 8 O Testo de ; Parisian theatres, in the following order
Paixilo de S. Marcos e S. Lucas a 4 Vil- ; Jacqueline, opc'ra-comique (with the comte
hancicos a S. Vincenti, e a Santa Cecilia d"Osmond),TheatreItalien, 1855 TJne pleine ;
com instrumentos Responsorios de officia- eau, operetta, Boufifes Parisieus, 1855 La

; ;
dos defuntos a 8 vozes, com todo o genero quenouille de la reine Bertlie, Perijignan,
de instrumentos. Fetis. 1858 Les horreurs de la guerre, operetta, ;
COSTAMAGNA, ANTONIO, boru in Atheuee, 1868 La paix armee, ojêretta, ;
Milan in 1816, died there, Feb. 17, 1839. 1868 Au harem, ballet, 1873 Cent mille 1
; ;
Dramatic composer, first studied in his francs et ma fiUe, operetta. Menus Plaisirs,
native city, then went to Naples, where he 1874 Le dada, 1875 Les charbonuiers,
; ;
was a iûpil of Zingarelli. "Works E pazza, : 1877. Fetis, Supplement, 206. i.
given at Piacenza, 1837 Don Garzia, Genoa, ; COSTELEY, A\TLLIAM, born in Scot-
Teatro Carlo Felice, 1838. Fttis Mendel. ; laud in 1531, died at Evreux, Normamly,
COSTANTINI, FABIO, born in Rome Feb. 1, 1606. Organist to Henri IL and
about 1570. Maestro di cappella to the Charles IX. He was one of the founders
confraternity of the Rosary, Aucona, and of the society called Puy de musique en hon-
afterwards of the Cathedral of Orvieto. neur de Sainte-Cecile, Evreux, and its
at
Works: Motets for 2, 3 and 4 voices (1596) ;
first prince (1571). Some of his compo-
304
;
COSYN
sitions are iu the library at Orli'ans.
His 1845 he published, under the title of Passa-
cLausous a i et 5 parties were published
by tempi musicali, six collections of canzoni,
among the best known of which are Fe-
Le Roy et Ballard (1507), wlio also pub-
:
(Paris, nesta che lucivi Raziella La vedova ro-

lished his treatise entitled Musique
; ;
e patrona crudele.
1579).
Grove Fctis Mendel.
; ;
mana; Fenesta vascia
many other canzoni are in a col-
COSYN, BENJA:\UN, lived iu England A great
Com- lection bearing the title Eco del Vesuvio, :
iu the first half of the 17th century.

di celebri canzoni napolitaue (Naples).
poser for the harpsichord. Many of his scelta
the Some are to be found in the second volume
pieces are extant. He was probably
son of John Cosyu, who published in
Lon- of Echos d'ltalie, published in Paris. Fetis,
six SuppU'ment, i. 206 Mendel, Ergiinz., 68.
don, 1585, sixty psalms for four and
;
voices, in simple counterjwint. Mendel. COTTRAU, JULES, born in Naples in

Guillaume
1888. Son of
COTTELL, GEORGE LANSDOWNE, 1836, still living,
Cottrau, pupil of Luigi Gordigiani in har-

born at Bath, England, Sept. 22, 1835, still
living, 1888. Pianist, pupil at the Royal mony and composition, and of Samuel
in Paris. He has published about
Academy of Music founder and director of David,
;
His thirty pieces, melodies, canzoni, duets, etc.,

the London Conservatory of Music.
Naples and Paris, on Italian words.
compositions for pianoforte and his songs at
One La serenata spagnuola, was
are brilliant and tasteful. Ho has also of these,
very popular. He has written also some
written an opera The Archers.
:
sentinelle perdue, opi'ra-co-

COTTER'S SATURDAY NIGHT, can- operas: Une
Mackenzie, mique Griselda, Italian opera, words by
tata, by Alexander Campbell
;
Le roi Lear; La princesse

composed for the Birmingham (England) Goliseiani; none of
but not performed. Georges La mouche blanche ;
;
Festival, 1888,
dramatic which have been played.Futis, Supple-
COTTI-CACCIA, Italian ,
ment, i. 207.
composer, who wrote the words and music
vino di Barbara, given COTTRAU, THEODORE, born in Naples,
of an opera buffa II :
Son
at Pignerol in May, 18GG.
He produced Nov. 7, 1827, died there, March, 1879.
Guillaume Cottrau studied the piano-
also an operetta, Don Finocchio, at
Genoa of ;
forte under his mother and

under Filippo
in 1873. Fetis, Supplement, i. 206.
under Pappalardo.
COTTIN, French ,
dramatic com- Festa, and composition
his father, he was distinguished for
poser who wrote two operettas Uu duo de Like :
which are
his Neapolitan canzoni, among
:
serpents, given at the Bouffes Parisiens,

i
Folies lo ti vidi
'
a Piedigrotta La Sorrentina ;
185G, and La revanche de Vulcain, bella Na-

Rissa in piazza serra Addio mia
The latter piece was the
;
Nouvelles, 1856. collection

Some are published in a
first in a new style of French
opera, which poli.
entitled, Eco del Vesuvio. Some of the
Offenbach afterwards copied and excelled
were published by the au-
in, a musical parody on
mythological sub- least remarkable
the name, Eutalindo Martelli.
thor under
jects. F ('tis. Supplement, i. 206.
He was at the head of a nuisical publish-
COTTRAU, GUILLAUME, in Paris
born
house, and to him is due the Italian
in 1797,died at Naples, Oct. 31, 18-17. ing
at translation of Herold's chef-d'oeuvre,
Le pre
Vocal composer, pupil of Crescentiui out Italy
when aux clercs, which was brought in
Naples, whither he had been taken (Naples,
pre aux clercs
foiu- years of age. He made his reputation as, Un duello al
Mendel,
1872). Fctis, Supplement, i. 206 ;
liy the publication of Neapolitan cauzoui,

He wrote ErgUnz., 69.
wiiich became very popular.
COTUîlACCI, CARLO, born at Naples
both the music and the words, which were Organist,
in the Neapolitan dialect. From 1829 to in 1698, died there in 1775.
I
S65
:;
COUCY
pupil of Alessandro Scarlatti ; succeeded his COUNTRY WEDDING. See Landliche
fellow pupil Durante as maestro di cappella Hochzeit.
of the Conservatorio di San Ouofrio. His COUPE, H born at Bottelaere, near
,
most important works are Eesponsori for Ghent, June 7, 1827, still living, 1888. The
:
Holy Week Requiem mass for five and son of a professional musician, he became a
;
eight voices Te Deum for two choruses pupil at the Conservatoire at Ghent, and
;
Hymn for Pentecost. He wrote also won in 1855 the first prizes for singing and
Eegole deir accomjiagnamento, and Trat- harmony. He became assistant maitre de
tato di contraj)punto, which remain in chapelle of the Church of St. Bavon, Ghent,
manuscript.Fetis Mendel.
; and subsequently maitre de chapelle of the
COUCY, REGN.\ULT (or Raoul) DE, a Church of St. Michel. He published j)iano-
troubadour living towards the close of the forte music first under the signature of C.
12tli ceutm-y. From a chronicle of 1380 it Henri. Works Mass for three voices, a
:
appears that he went to the crusades in 1190, set of Seven Cantiques de Noiil, and a num-

with Richard Cceur de Lion, and was killed ber of motets for several voices. Fetis,
in 1192. There has been a deal of contro- Supplement, i. 208.
versy among the French authors, Fauchet, COUPE DU ROI DE THUL^, LA (The
Mezeray, Laborde, Fraucisque Michel, and King of Thule's Cup), opera in three acta
Crapeletpover the life and the true name of and four tableaux, text by Louis Gallet and
this minstrel. Fetis thinks that Francisque Edouard Blau, music by Eugene Diaz, rep-
Michel has jiroved that he is no other than resented at the Opera, Paris, Jan. 10, 1873.
the Regnault de Coucy whose romantic This work was crowned at the competition
history has furnished the subject of several opened by the ministre des beaux-arts in
dramas, and which is told in a poem of 1867. The title is from the song sung by
about 1228, entitled, " Le Eoumans dou Margarete in Goethe's "Faust." The cuj},
Chastelain de Coucy et de la dame de which is enchanted and gives power to
Fayel." He is one of the oldest trouba- whomsoever possesses it, is left, on his
dours whose works have been handed death, by the King of Thule to Paddock,
down. The Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, his buffoon, with the injunction to give it
has twenty-four of his chansons with their to the worthiest. Paddock casts it into
melodies in the manuscript department. the sea. Myrrha, in love with Angus, the
Laborde has published four of his melo- prime mmister, and hoping to reign with
dies in his " Essai sur la Musique " (Paris, him when the cup is obtained, jjersuades
1780), and several others in anew edition of Yorick, a young fisherman who loves her,
a work entitled, "Memoires historiques sur to go after it. He preciiiitates himself into
Raoul de Coucy, avec un rccueil de sea the sea, where, with the aid of Claribel,
chansons eu vieus langage, et la traduc- queen of the waves, who conceives a tender
tion de I'ancienne musique " (Paris, 1781). sentiment for him, he obtains the cuj) and
Francisque Michel has published, Chansons is permitted to return to earth, promising
du Chatelain de Coucy, revues sur tous les however to rejoin Claribel if he finds Myr-
manusci-its (Paris, 1830-33). Besides these rha untrue. Myrrha gives the cup to An-
there are " Memoires historiques sur la gus, and the two are about to be made the
maison de Coucy et sur la Dame de Fayel, sovereigns, when Yorick, invoking the aid
par de Bellay " (Paris, 1770) and " His- of Claribel, triumphs.
;
toire du Chutelain de Coucy et la dame de COUPERIN, ARMAND LOL^S, born in

Fayel, publiee d'apres le manuscrit de la Paris, Jan. 11, 1721, died in 1789. Son of
BibliothOque du roi," par M. Crapelet (Pa- Nicolas Couperin, nephew to Couperin le
ris, 1828). Fctis; Mendel; Riemann. Grand. Organist successively to the King,
;
COUPERI^'
to the cburcbes of St. Gervais, St. Bartlii'- says of Coujierin that ho combined more
lemj', Ste.Marguerite, and one of the four fine qualities than any other French organ-
organists of Notre Dame. He wrote churcli ist. Yet his reputation now rests mainly
music and motets, and published two col- uj)on his works for the clavecin indeed he ;
lections of sonatas and one of the principal figures in the history

of trios for the haiij- is
.sichord.
Fotis; Mendel, iii. 7, Ergiinz., of pianoforte and clavecin writing. His in-
(ji) ;Riemann. fluence upon Sebastian Bach is unmistak-
COUPERIN, CHAREES, born atCbaume able. Published works 1, Premier livre :
(Brie), France, April 9, 1G38, died in Paris de pieces de clavecin (Paris, 1713) 2, ;
in ICGIl One of a family of three broth- Deuxiume livre id. (ib., 1716) 3, Troisieme ;
ers, all organists and musicians, and father livre id., a la suite duquel il y a quatre con-
of Coujjerin le Grand. He went to Paris certs a I'usage de toutes sortes d'instru-

while young, and took his eldest brother ments (ib., 1719) 4, Quatrieme livre id. (ib.,;
Louis' place, at the Church of Saint-Ger- no date) 5, Les gouts ri'unis, ou nouveaux
;
vais, as organist was talented and died concerts, augmentes de I'apotlu'ose de

;

young. Fetis Mendel Schilling.
; ; Corelli en trio (ib., 1717) 6, L'Apoth('ose ;
COUPERm, FRANgOIS, sieur de Crouil- de I'incomparable L (Lulli), (ib., no

ly, born at Chaume, in 1631, died in Paris in date) 7, Trios for two violins and bass,
;
1703. Brother of Louis and Charles Coupe- with figured continue (ib., no date) 8, Le- ;
rin Organist, pupil of his godfather, mons des tenubres a une et deux voix (ib.,
;
Chambonnieres. He was organist of the no date) 9, Methode, ou I'art de toucher

;
Church of Saiut-Gervais from 1679 to 1698. le clavecin, y compris huit preludes (ib.) ;
Published works Pieces d'orgue consis- 10, Pieces de viole (ib.).

: A revised edi-
tantes en deux messes, I'une a I'usage or- tion of the clavecin suites is edited by
dinaire des paroisses j)our les festes solen- Brahms.
Spitta, J. S. Bach, i. 695 Fetis ;
nelles I'autre propre pour les couvents de Mendel.

;
religieux et de religieuses par le priviK^ge

;
COUPERIN, GERVAIS FRANCOIS,
du roi (1690). Fetis Mendel. ; born about (?), died after 1815. Organist,
COUPERIN, FRANCOIS (suruamed Le son and pupil of Armand Louis Couperin.
Grand), born in Paris, Though not the equal of the rest of his il-
Nov. 10, 1668, died lustrious family, his name procured him the
there, 1733. His fa- position of organist to the Sainte Chapelle,
ther, Charles Coupe- to the churches of Saint-Gervais, of Saint-
rin, having died in Jean, of Sainte-Marguerite, Les Carmes-
1669, he studied un- Billettes, and Saint-Mery. Works So- :
der Louis Jacques natas, airs varies, caprices, potjiourris, and

Thomelin, organist of romances (Paris) several motets in MS.;
the chapel of Louis

Fetis Riemann, 182 Mendel.
; ;
XIV. On Dec. 26, COLTERIN LE GRAND. See Couix-

1693, he succeeded to his late teacher's post, rin, Francois (2d).
his official titles being "chevalier de I'ordre COUPERIN, LOUIS, born at Chaume in
de Latran, organiste de la chapelle du Roy, 1630, died in Paris in 1665. Organist, one
et professeur de Monseigneur le due de of three celebrated brothers of a family of
Bourgogne." He married Marie Aune Au- musicians uncle to Couperin le Grand.
;
sault, and had two daughters, Marie Anne He went to Paris while young, and was or-
and Marguerite Antoinette. Both were good ganist to the church of Saint-Gervais and
organists and clavecinists, the second being of the King's Chapel. Louis XIII. created
the female claveciuist to the King. FOtis a place for him as player on the viol among
367
: '
COUPERIK
liis chamber musicians. Three Parma. "U'orks
"Works : Nino, given at Reggio, :
Suites de pieces de clavecin in JLS. Futis

1720, and Venice, 1732 ; La Venere placata, ;
Larousse Mendel.
; Venice, Teatro di San Samuele, 1731.
COUPERIN, NICOLAS, born in Paris, COUR DU ROI PETAUD, LA, opera-
about IGSO, died there, in 1748. Organist, bouffe in three acts, text bj' Adolphe Jaime
son of Frangois Couperin. He was organ- and Philippe Gille, music by Delibes, rep-
ist of Saint-Gervais for many years, and resented at the Theatre des Varietes, Paris,
musician to the Comte de Toulouse. Fetis April 24, 18G9. ;
Larousse Mendel.
; COURTEMLLE, the RAPHAEL,
COUPERIN, PIERRE LOUIS, bom (?), younger, born in the second half of the
died in 1789. Organist, son of Louis Ai-- 17th century, died about 1735. Composer,
mand Couperin, and grandson of Nicolas son of Raphael, the elder, who was a gentle-
Couperin. Ue received all his instruction man of the Chapel Royal in the reign of
from his mother and father was assistant Charles I, and died Dec. 28, 1675. The
;
organist to his father at Notre Dame, St. son was appointed organist of St. James's
Gervais, St. Jean, the Royal Chapel, and Church, Piccadilly, in 1C91. Works 6 so- :
Les Carmes-Billettes. "Works Motets used natas for two violins Sonatas for two flutes
: ;
iu many of the French churches La Ro- (about 1685) Many songs, published in
; ;
mance de Nina, with variations for piano- various collections in the latter part of
forte. Fetis Larousse Mendel.
; ; the 17th century. He wrote also part of
COUPPEY, FELIX LE, born in Paris, the opera Don Quixote (with Purcell, and
April 14, 1814, died there, July, 1887. Pian- others, 1696). John CourteviUe, probably
ist and composer for his instrument, pupil at his brother, was a song writer. Grove.
the Conservatoire, where he took the first COURTOIS, JEAN, French composer of
prize for pianoforte in 1827, and for har- the first half of the 16th century. Ho Mas
mony in 1828 when only seventeen, he maitre de chapelle at the cathedral in
;
was entrusted by Cherubini with a jDrejiara- Cambrai in 1540, and a 4-voice motet of
tory class in harmony, iu 1837 was aja- his, Venite populi terr;e, was performed by
pointed titulary f)rofessor of solft'ge, and in 34 singers at the cathedral on Jan. 20th of
1843, professor of harmony. He retired that year (not 1539, as Fetis has it), in the
from the Conservatoire in 1886. "U'orks presence of Charles V., as he passed through
12 etudes expressives (Leipsic, Breitkopf & Cambrai on his way to Ghent. Courtois,
Hilrtel) ; 3 other collections of etudes. He if not one of the greatest, was still markedly
also jjublished two instructive works Ecole above the composers of the second rank in
:
du meeanisme du piano, and De I'enseigne- France iu his day. He was a clever contra-
ment du piano (Paris, Hachette, 1865). puntist, not without very genuine inspira-
F(_'tis ; do., Supplement, i. 210. tion, but an extreme classicist, and often
COURBOIS, French musician who rather servile imitator of Josquin Depres's
,
became known in 1728 by a motet Omnes school. Eight of his masses are in the
:
gentes plaudite manibus, with trumpets and Royal Library at IMunieh, and one in the
drums, played at the Concerts Siîrituels. library at Cambrai. Motets and other
He published also a book of cantatas and compositions of his are included iu the
cantatilles ; the Cantata of Don Quichotte, following collections : Fior de' Motetti (Ve-
and a book of Airs a chanter. Fetis ; Men- nice, 1539) ; Selectissimre .... Can-
del. tiones (Augsburg, 1540) ; Novum et insigne
COURCELLE, FRANCESCO, Italian dra- opus musicum (Nuremberg, 1537) Liber ;
matic composer of the first half of the 18th Quartus, XXIX., musicales quatuor, etc.
century, maestro di cappella at the court of (Paris, 1534) ; Psalmorum selectorum, etc.
368
COUSINEAU
(Nuremberg, Cautiones sacnc (Ant- from Ai-iadne (ib., 1700) Ode on the death
153!)) ; ;
werp, 15-16) voliuiies of motets of Ai'abella Hunt (Loudon) Serenade for the
; Three ;
(Lyons, 153'2-15;^8) Chansons a 4, 5, 6 et King's birthday (Dublin, 1724).

; Grove ;
8 j)arties de clivers auteurs (Antwerp, 1543- Fetis Mendel. ;
1550) Trente chansons

; a 4 ....
COUTINHO, FRANCISCO JOSfi, born
parties (Paris) Trent cinq livres de Chan- in Lisbon, Oct. 21, 1671, died in Paris, in
;
sous uouvelles (Paris, 1532-1549) Chan- 1724. Amateur musician, left the following
;
Te Deum, for eight choruses

sons a cinq et six jiarties (Louvain, 1545). works in MS. :
Ambros, iii. 291. Mass for four choruses, with an (1722) ;
COUSINEAU, PIERRE JOSEPH, bom accompaniment of violins, horns, and drums

in Paris, about 1753, died in 1824. Lu- entitled, Scala Ai-etina. Fetis Mendel ; ;
tist and harpist. He was the first to con- Vasconcellos, 73.

struct a double row of pedals for the harp, COWARD, JAMES, born in London,
an improvement perfected later by Dizi in Jan. 25, 1824, died there, Jan. 22, 1880.
London, and Erard in Paris but it was not ; Chorister in Westminster Abbey. Organist
ajusreeiated at the time, as harp music did of the Crystal Palace in 1857-80. He was
not then require any great amount of exe- a jjerformer of great ability. Works : An-
cution. He was appointed lutist to the thems ; Part-songs ; Ten glees for four and
Queen in 1788 and he was harpist of the
; five voices (London, 1857) ; Ten glees, etc.,
Academie Royale de Musique, until 1812. (ib., 1871) ; Songs, and misceUaueous mu-
Published works Sept ceuvres de Sonates : sic.
pour la harpe, op. 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 13 et 16 ; COWEN, FREDERIC HY^MEN, born at
Cinq recueils d'airs varies ; Deux concertos, Kingston, Jamaica,
op. 6 et 12 ; Deux potpourris ; and a Me- Jan. 29, 1852, still
thode pour la harjie. Fetis ; Mendel living, 1888. Dra-
;
Schilling. matic composer,

COUSSER (Kusser), JOHANN
SIGIS- pupil of Benedict
JIUND, born at Pressburg, Hungary, in and (1860-65) of
1657, died in Dublin, L-eland, in 1727. Goss, then at the
Dramatic comjjoser, son and pupil of a Conservatories of
musicitm of Pressburg, and pupil of Lulli Leif)sic and Berlin
in Paris, for six years. On his return to of Hauptmann,
Germany he was Kaijellmeister at Wolfen- Moscheles, and
biittel and at Stuttgart, lived in 1693-97 at Reinecke returned ;
Hamburg, where he was director of the Op- to England in 1868. Gave a series of orches-
era, and made two journeys to Italy between tral concerts, introducing modern English
1700 and 1705. Hemusic in 1880 travelled in Europie, 1881-
is said to have been ;
the first to Conductor of the London Philhar-

introduce the Italian method of 82.
singing into Germany. He settled finally monic Society, but resigned to accept the
in London as a teacher of singing, but went direction of the music at the Centennial
in 1710 to Ireland and became organist in Exhibition, Melbourne, Australia (Aug. 1,
Dublin Cathedral. His published works 1888, to Feb. 1, 1889), for which he receives
comprise the operas Erindo, given at Ham- a salary of 5,000. Works Garibaldi, op- :
burg, 1693 Porus, Pyramusand Thisbe, ib., eretta

; One too manj-, 1874 Pauline, op- ; ;
1694 Scipio Africanus, ib., 1695 Jason, era, London, 1876

; Music to Schiller's
; ;
ib., 1697 Apollon enjoue, sis operatic over- Maid of Orleans, 1871. Cantatas: The
;
tures, and several airs (Nuremberg, 1700) Rose Maiden, 1870 The CoTsair, Birming- ; ;
Heliconische Musenlust, a collection of airs ham Festival, 1876 Saint Ursula, Norwich :
;
:
cox
Festival, 1881 ; The Sleeping Beauty, Bii- CRAEI.rV'ANGER, K. A., born at Utrecht
miugbam, 1885 ; Rath, oratorio, Worcester in 1817, died there, July 30, 1868. Virtu-
Festival, 1887 ; The Deluge, oratorio, Brigh- oso on the violin and guitar. He appeared
ton Festival, 1878 ; 4 sj-mphonies, in C with great success as a singer in the cities
minor (1869), iu F (1872), iu C was director of three musical

minor, of Holland,
Scandinavian (1880), and Weigh (1884) societies, and conducted the music festival
Overture in D minor (186G) Festival Over- at Cleves, 1852, and Utrecht, 1853. Among
;
ture, Norvv'ich, Concerto for piano- his compositions are Quartet for string in-
1872 ; :
forte and orchestra iu A minor (1869) struments Fantaisies for guitar Motets ; ; ;
Suite de Ballet for orchestra Sinfonietta Choruses for male voices

; Songs. Fetis, ;
in A for do., Philharmonic Society, 1881 Supplement, i. 213 Viotta. ; ;
Trio in A minor for pianoforte and strings CRAMENT, JOHN M.\UDE, born at
(1868) Quartet iu C minor for do. (1869) Boltou Percy, Yorkshire, in 1845, stQl liv-
;
Pianoforte pieces and songs. ing, 1888. Church composer and organist,
COX AND BOX, English operetta, text jjupil of Macfarren, and in Berlin of Haupt
by F. C. Buruand after Madison Morton's and Kiel. Organist of Broni^^tou parish
farce, music by Arthur Sullivan, rejjresented church, London Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1879. ;
iu London, Adelishi Theatre, May 11,1867. Works Festival Psalm for solo voices, cho- :
COZZI, CAELO, born at Parabiago, near rus, and orchestra Anthems. ;
Milan, Italj% first half of the 17tli century, CRAMMER, FRANZ, born in Munich in
died in 1658 or 1659. Originally a barber, 1786, died (?). Instrumental and vocal
he devoted himself to the study of music composer, nephew of Wilhelm Cramer, jm-
and became organist of S. Simpliciano, pil of Eberle on the pianoforte, of Gerhard
Milan. On the visit to that city of Queen Dimler on the flute, and of Josef Griitz iu
Maria Anna of Spain, he presented her with composition in 1795 he became first flutist ;
a collection of his church music, and she in the court orchestra. He wrote several
created him organist of her court. Pub- concertos for different instruments, varia-
lished works Messa et salmi correnti per tions, rondos, several collections of songs,
:
tutto r anno a 8 voci jjiene (1651) Con an opera, Hidallan, and a ballet, which was
;
motetti e litanie della B. V. e con due performed in Munich. Fetis Mendel. ;
motetti di Michel-Angelo Grancini Com- CRAZIER, JOHANN BAPTIST, born at

;
pieta a quattro voci (Milan, 1649). Fctis

Mannheim, Feb. 24, 1771, died in London, ;
Mendel. Ai^ril 16, 1858. His father, Wilhelm Cra-

COZZOLANI, CfflAEA MARGARITA, mer, who settled iu London wheu Johann
lived in the 17th century. She was a nun was a year old, gave him bis fi.rst instruc-
of the convent of Sta. Radegouda, of the tion on the violin, pianoforte, and iu theory.
order of S. Benedetto, at Milan, who took Johann studied also uuder Benser, SehrJiter,
the veil in 1620. This is all that is known and from 1779 to 1781 under Clementi. In
of her, but her compositions prove that she 1785 he took a course of thorough bass
was a clever musician. Published works under C. F. Abel, but his knowledge of
Primavera di fiori musicali a 1, 2, 3 e 4 voci theory and composition resulted almost
(Milan, 1640) Motetti a 1, 2, 3 e 4 voci wholly from self-dii-ected studies in the
;
(1642) Scherzi di sacra melodia (Venice, works of Kirnberger and Marpurg. From
;
1648) Salmi a otto voci coucertate, Laudate 1788 to 1828 he made frequent concert
;
pueri a 4, e Laudate Dominum a voce sola, tours through Europe, returning at inter-
op. 3 Salmi a otto voci concertate, con mo- vals to London.
; In 1828 he founded the
tetti, e dialoghi a 2, 3, 4 e 5 voci (Venice, music publishing house of J. B. Cramer &
1650). Fetis Mendel. ; Co. Some time afterwards he spent several

370
:
;
CRAMER
years in Paris, returning to London
1799 (1800?). Violinist, .sou of Jacob Cr.a- finally i
in 1845. The remainder was mer (1705-1770), a flutist of the celebrated

of Lis life
passed in retirement. Cramer's rei)utation band at Mannheim, and pupil of Johann

as pianist and teacher was deservedlj' of Stamitz, Sen., and of Caunabicb. He was
tlie Yery highest. admitted to the band at Mannheim when
His compositions sixteen years old, and was connected with
are marked Ly it until his father's death, when he removed
great stoutness to London. He held many important posi-

of construction tions. He was head of the king's band, con-
and interesting ductor at the Oj)era and the Pantheon, the
harmony, albeit Ancient Concerts, and the Professional Con-
by a certain dry- certs, and he also conducted the Handel Fes-
ness. His one '" tivals at Westminster Abbey, in 1784 and
undying work is 1787, and the Gloucester Festival in 1799.
his Si studies, He published eight concertos, and several
which form the fifth part of his Gi-osse solos and trios. Fetis Mendel Schil- ; ;
piaktische Pianoforte-Schule. An admira- ling Wasielewski, Die Violine luid ihre ;
ble, instructive edition of fifty of these Meister, 185.

studies has been edited by von Biilow. CRAPPIUS, ANDREAS, born at Liine-
Together with parts of dementi's Gradus burg, about the middle of the 16th century.
and Moscheles's studies, they will proba- Cantor and composer at Hanover. Works
bly never be sujjerscded. In the historj- Melodise cpithalamii in honorem nuptiarum
of the develojiment of pianoforte-playing Johannis Schneideweiu (Wittenberg, 1568)
Cramer's i^lace is intermediate between Sacrse cantiones 4 et 6 vocum (Magde-
Clenieuti and Hummel. Works 7 con- burg, 1581, 1584) Sacrss aliquot can-
: ;
certos for pianoforte and orchestra, op. 10, tiones quinque et se.x vocum aptissimse, tarn
16, 26, 37, 48, 51, 56 Sonatas, op. 1-9, vivse voci quam diversis musicorum in-
;
11-15, 18-23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 36, 38, strumentorum generibus, harmonia accom-
39, 41-44, 46, 47, 49, 53, 57-59, 62, 63 modate', quibus adjuncta est missa ad ;
Marches and waltzes, op. 17 Duet, op. 24; imit. cantionis germanica; Schafi't in mir,
; ;
do., op. 34 do., op. 50

; Quartet for piano- Gott, eiu reines Herz (Magdeburg, 1581)
; ;
forte and strings, op. 28 Suite of Studies, Erster Theil newer geistlicher Lieder und
;
op. 30 Nocturne, op. 32

; do., op. 54 Psalmen mit dreyen Stimmeii, etc. (Helm-
; ;
Studies, op. 40 Duet for pianoforte and stiidt, 1594) Musieaj artis elementa (Halle,
; ;
harp, op. 45 do., 52; Dulce et utile, op. 1608). Fctis; Mendel.
;
55 Bravaira, op. 60 Quintet for pianoforte

; ; CRAS, P I born Sept. 13, 1795, ,
and strings, op. 61 Method for the piano- died in Mechlin, Nov. 4, 1871. Organist,
;
forte in 5 parts.
Grove Fctis Mendel. pupil of the Abbe Andre, canon of the Me-
; ;
CRAMER, KASPAR, co-rector of the tropolitan church of Mechlin. He was or-

school of Salzburg, in the first half of the ganist of the church of Saint-Jean at Mech-
17th century. He published sixty-nine lin in 1817-1840, and afterwards at Sainte-
chorals for four voices with the singular Catherine. His works, which are all for
title Animse sauciatre; medela, etc. (Erfurt, the church, consist of twelve masses 3
: ;
1641). Part of these chorals are his own, Tantum ergo 3 Ave Maria 12 pieces for ; ;
the others are by various other German organ etc. Fctis, Supplement, i. 214 ; ;

composers. Fetis Mendel. ; Mendel, Ergiinz., 70.
CRAMER, WILHELIM, born in INIaun- CRASSOT, RICHARD, born in Lyons,
lieim in 1745, died in Loudon, Oct. 5, France, about 1530? died (?). He pub-
;
CKAYWINCKEL
lished Les psaulmes mis en rime fran9oise Cathedral. He applied himself early in
:
par Marot et Th. de Beze, et iiouvelle- life to the studj' of church music, and is
CI.
ment mis en musique a quatre parties par reckoned among tlie masters of his time.
Kichard Crassot, excellent musicien, le tout His anthem, 1 will arise and go to my father,
en uu volume (Lyou, 1564). This was pub- is weU known. Several of his services and
lished also in a second edition with the title anthems are extant in the library of Wells
:
Les CL psaumes de David a quatre parties, Cathedral. Tudway's MS., in the British
avec la lettre au long (Geneva, 1.569).
Fe- Mus., contains another and an anthem.
tis Mendel.
;
Praise the Lord. Grove Fetis. ;
CRAYWINCKEL, FERDINAND MAN- CREJIONESI, AMBROGIO, lived in Italy,

UEL MARTIN LOUIS BARTHELEMY middle of the 17th century. He was maes-
DE, born in Madrid, Aug. 24, 1820, still tro di caj)pella at Ortona-a-Mare ; and au-
living, 1888. Composer of sacred music, thor of Madrigali concertati (Venice, 1636).
pupil of Bellon, who was a pupil of Reicha. Fctis ; Mendek
He is maitre de chapelle of St. Bruno, Bor- CRfiMONT, PIERRE, born at Aurillac,
deaux, where he has lived since 1825. France, in 1784, died in Tours, March, 1846.
Among his works, which are in the stjle Violinist and clarinetist, pupil at the Paris
of Weber, are Deuxieme messe, en sol
: Conservatoire until 1803, when he travelled
mineur 2 collections of canticles 4 messes
; ; in Germany and Russia, where he lived
solenuelles for three voices, solos and or- several years as director of the Theatre
chestra, the third one of which was given Franj'ais in St. Petersburg. In 1817 he re-
at Notre Dame, Bordeaux, and by the So- turned to Paris, became assistant conductor
ciety of Saint Cecilia 20 motets and Sa-; of the orchestra at the Opt'ra Comique in
ints ; 2 collections of canticles ; a Stabat where he
1821, went to the Odeon in 1824,
5 masses for the principal feasts of the organized the orchestra for the performance
year Antiennes de la sainte Vierge etc. of Italian and German operas. He returned
; ;
Fc-tis, Suppk'ment, i. 214 Mendel, Er- to the Opt'ra Comique as director in chief
;
giinz., 71. in 1828, and remained there until 1831,

CREATION THE. See Schopfung, Die. when he went to Lyons to direct the or-
CREDIA, PIETRO, born at Vercelli, chestra of the Grand Theatre. Works :
Italy, about the beginning of the 17th cen- Concerto pour violon, op. 1 Trois marches :
tury, died in Rome in 1648. Studied at funebres pour harmonie militaire Har- ;
the Collegio degli Innocenti, and became monie pour musique militaire, liv. 1 et 2 ;
Minor canon of the church of S. Eusebio, Concerto pour la clarinette, op. 4 Quatuor ;
and subsequently maestro di cappella at the pour deux violons, alto et basse Fantaisies ;
same church. Called to Rome, he became pour violon jJrincipal sur I'air, Au clair de
a musician of the Sixtine Chapel, but after- la lune, avec violon, alto et basse, op. 8 ;
wards retired to the Jesuit College. He left Duos pour deux violons, ceuvres 10 et 11 ;
several books of masses and vespers in MS. Fantaisie pour violon principal sur ini air
Fetis. des montagnes de I'Auvergne, avec quatuor,
CREIGHTON (Creyghton), Rev. ROB- op. 11 Trois trios concertants pour deux ;
ERT, D.D., born in Cambridge, England, violons et alto, op. 13. Fi'tis Mendel. ;
about 1639, died at Wells, in 1736. Son of CREOLE, L.^, opera-comique in three
the Rev. Dr. Creyghton, Bishop of Bath acts, text by Albert Milland, music by Offen-
and Wells, who attended Cliarles H. in bach, represented at the Bouffes Parisiens,
exile. He became, like his father, Greek Paris, Nov. 3, 1875. The cast was Dora, :
professor at Cambridge, and was appointed Mme Judic Reno, Mme Van-Ghell An- ; ;
canon residentiary and precentor of Wells toinette, Mme Luce Commandant, Dau- ;
sti

citfiyriLLox
brav Frontigiiae, Cooijor

; ; Sixiiit-Clianias, arranged as a canon for four voices Fills :
Fugure. qui prend facecieulx mary. Biog. nat. de

CREQUILLON (CrecquiUoii), THOMAS, Belgi(|ue, iv. 499 Fetis Mendel do.,
; ; ;
born near Ghent at the begiuuiug of the Ergilnz., 71.

16th century, died at Bethune iu 1557. CRESSONNOIS, JULES ALFRED, born
Eminent contrapuntist, maestro de capilhi at Mortagne (Orne), France, April 17, 1823,
to Charles V., at Madrid, about 1544i7, still living, 1888. Pupil of Fessy in har-
afterwards canon successively Namur mony,
of Georges Kastner in counterpoint
at
(until 1552), Termoude and and composition
(until entered the Gymnase
1555), ;
Bt'thune. He ranks with Clemens non Militaire in 1845, became chef de musique
Papa, and Nicolas Gonibert, among the great in 1847, and from that year until 1869 was
musicians of that epoch. His works con- successively director of music to the Cuiras-
sist of many masses, motets, cantiones, and siers of the Imperial Guard, the Guides,
French chansons for four, five, and six and the Gendarmerie. From 1808 he was
voices.
Biog. nat. de Belgique, iv. 4'.)4 conductor of the orchestra of the Champs-
;
Fetis Mendel.
; Elysees. Works Chapelle et Bachaumont, :
CRESO (Crffisus), king of Lydia, whose operetta, Opera Comique, 1858 Collection ;
famous interview with Solon is related by of six vocal melodies entitled Harmonies
Herodotus, is the subject of the following (1862) ; 3 do. (1863, 1864, 1865) ; Romances
operas : Creso, Italian opera in three acts, and melodies, such as le Cavalier et I'Echo,
text by Minato, music by Antonio Draghi, Esperance, Nuit d'etoiles, etc. He wrote
represented at Vienna, 1G78 music by ; the music for the comedy Deidamia, by
Ciiovanni Legreuzi, Venice, 1081 music ; Theodore de Banville, performed at the
by JommeUi, Rome, 1743 three acts, mu- ; Odeon, 1876. Fetis, Supplement, i. 216;
sic by Abos, London, 1758 music by Sac- Mendel, Ergilnz., 72.
;
chini, Naples, 1765, London, 1775 music CRESSONNOIS, PAUL, French drama-
;
by Cafaro, Turin, 17G8 music by Felice tic composer, son of the preceding, pupil
;
Alessandri, Pavia, 1774 ; mu.sic by Anfossi, at the Conservatoire of Paris, where he ob-
Rome, 1787 music by Terziani, Venice, tained a second accessit for harmony and
;
1788. Krcisus, German opera, three acts, accompaniment. He is the author of two
text by Bostel, music by Fortsch, Hamburg, operettas Une nuit a Seville, 1875, and :
1684 music by Reinhold Keiser, same text, Mac-Hulott, 1877 Hymnis, opera-comique,
; ;
Hamburg, 1711, 1730. Creso in Media, Nouveau Theatre Lyrique, Nov. 14, 1879.
music by Josejah Schustei', Najsles, 1779. Fetis, Supplement, i. 210.
Creso tolto alle fiamme, music by Polaui, CRESTE, JULES, French dramatic com-
Venice, 1705. poser, contemporary. He is the author of
CRESPEL (Crispel, Chrispel), JEAN, Trois Sultanes, words by Favart, given at
Belgian musician, lived in the IGtli century, the Varietes, Paris, 1853 and Les four-
;
pupil of Johannes Okeghem. Nothing is beries de Marinette, Opera Comique, 1858.

known of bis life, but many of his composi- He has written also some popular songs.
tions are in collections published in the sec- Fetis, Supplement, i. 216.
ond half of the 16th century. Some of his CRISPI, Abbate PIETRO, born in Rome
motets are in Thesaurus Musieus (Nurem- about 1737, died there in 1797. Harpsi-
berg, 1564) and some of his chansons in chord i^layer, at first an amateur and then
;
Recueil des fleurs produites de la divine a professor of music. He published some

musique (Louvain, 1569). The first book sonatas and concertos in the style of Al-
of a collection of French chansons published berti Dr. Crotch included some of his ;
at Louvain in 1558, has a chanson of his, music in his collection. Fetis.

S73
:
CRISPINO
CRISPING E LA COMARE, Italian about 1615. He published Salmi a cinque
opera buft'a iu three acts, text by Piave, voci (Venice, 162G). Fctis.
music by Luigi and Federico Ricci, CRIVELLI, AliCANGELO, born iu Ber-
first
represented iu Venice, at the Teatro San gamo about the middle of the IGth century,
Benedetto, Feb. 28, 1850. Scene in Venice, died in 1610. He was tenor in 1583 of the
plot original. Crispino, a j)oor cobbler, Pontifical Chapel, where his compositions
whose wife Anuetta tries to help him by were in use for mauy years. Some of his
singing ballads in the street, becomes at motets are iu Coustautini's Selectaj can-
last so disconsolate at his iU-luck that he tiones excellentissimorum auctorum (Rome,
determines to drown himself in a well. As 1614). He left also masses, psalms, and mo-
he is about to do this the fairy. La Comare, tets iu MS. Three masses for four voices,
rises and promises him fortune on condi- two for five voices, and a Mass entitled:
tion that he sets up as a doctor. He f)er- Transeuute Domino, are iu the Santiui col-
forms wonderful cures, becomes rich and lection. Fetis Mendel. ;
haughty, ignores his old friends, and quar- CRIVELLI, DOMENICO FRANCESCO
rels with his wife. La Comare takes him IMARIA, born in Brescia, Italy, in 1791:,
into a subterraneous cavern, informs him died iu London, Dec. 31, 1856. Son of
that she is Death, and so frightens him that Gaetauo Crivelli, one of the best Italian
he promises amendment, and is finally re- tenors (1771-1836). Pupil iu singing of
stored to his famil}-. The underplot, which Millico, in Naples, and at the Conservatorio
is commonly omitted, exhibits the love of the di San Onofrio, in accompaniment, of Fena-
Contiuo del Fiore and Lisetta, the ward of roli. In 1812 he went to Rome, where he
an old miser who, in love with her himself, studied under Zingarelli. On his return to
dies iu time to permit their union. Among Naples, in 1813, he composed several pieces
the best numbers are :
" Istorie belle a leg- of sacred music, and in 1816 wrote an op-
gere," a canzonetta in wâltz time sung bj- era for the San Carlo, the production of
Annetta " Troppo do, basta per oro," duet which was prevented by the burning of the
;
between her and Crispino " Ma signori, theatre.

; He joined his father in Loudon,
perchc tanta questione ? " buffo trio be- iu 1817, and became noted as a teacher and
tween Crispino and Doctors Fabrizio and didactic writer. Works Cantata for three :
Mirobolante and "Piero mio, go qua una voices with orchestral accompaniment La
; ;
an arietta sung l)y Ainietta. Cris- fiera di Salerno, ossia la fiuta capriceiosa,
fritola,"
pino was first sung in Paris, at the Theatre opera bufia Songs. Fetis Mendel. ; ;
Italien, Ajjril i, 1865, with the following CRIVELLI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA,

cast born at Scaudiano, last of the 16th century,
Annetta Signora Vitali.

died iu Slodeua, March, 1652. He was or-
La Comai-e Signora Vestri.

ganist of the cathedral at Reggio, then ma-
estro di cappella of the Santo Spirito,
Crispino Siguor Zucchini.
Ferrara, and finally, in 1651, entered the
II Contino Signor Brignoli.
Dr. Fabrizio
service of Francis I., Duke of Modena, as
Signor Agnesi.
Dr. Mirobolante Signor Mercuriali.
maestro. Among his works are Primo ;
Libro de' motetti concertati a due, tre,

A French version in four acts, Le docteur
quattro e cinque voci (1626; 2d ed., 1628;
Crispin, text by Nuitter and Beaumont,
3d, 1635) ; II Primo Libro de' madrigali
was given at the Athenee, Sept. 18, 1869.
concertati a due, tre, e quattro voci (Venice,
CRISTLANELLI, FILIPPO, born in 1633). Fetis Mendel. ;
Bari in 1587, died (?). He was

maestro CROATTI, FRANCESCO, born in Ven-
di caijîella at Aquila, kingdom of Naples, ice about the middle of the 16th centurj'.
371
:
CROCE
He published liis first book of masses and by Rossi, music by Meyerbeer, first rejire-
motets for five and six voices in that city. sented at La Fenice, Venice, 1824. The
Bodenscliatz lias given one of his motets last opera of Meyerbeer's second or Italian
for eight voices iu his Florilegium Portense. period, and the which he revealed
first iu
Fc'tis Mendel.
; his nuisical genius. was enthusiastically
It
CROCE, GIOVANNI DALLA, caUed received, and the com^joser was called for
Chiozzotto, born at Chioggia, Italy, about and crowned upon the stage. One of the
1550, died in Venice, August, 1600. Pupil best of its numbei-s is the soprano aria,
of Zarlino, who placed him in the choir of "Ah! come rajjida." Hanslick, Moderne
S. Marco, of which he eventually became Oper, 140.
maestro, succeeding Baldassare Donato iu CROES, HENRI DE, born at Brussels
1603. He was also a priest of S. M. For- in 1758, still living at Ratisbon in 1811.
mosa. Works Sonate a cinque (Venice, Son and pupil of Henri Jaccpies de Croes,
:
1580) ; II primo Librode' Madrigali a like whom he became musical director to

cinque (ib., 1585) II Secondo, do., con uno the Prince of Thurn und Taxis.
; Works
a quattro e 1' eco (ib., 1588) Motetti a otto Masses, cantatas, symphonies, concertos,
;
voci, lib. i. (ib., 1589) II secondo Libro de' morceaux d'harmonie, etc., several of which
;
Motetti a otto voci (ib., 1590 these two have been published in Germany.
; Fi'tis ;
books were reprinted with this title : Mo- Mendel.

tetti a otto voci del Giovanni Croce R CROES, HENRI JACQUES DE, born at
P.
Chiozzotto, etc., Salmi a tre Antwerp, bapt. Sept. 19, 1705, died at Brus-
ib., 1607);
voci, Te Deum, Benedietus, Miserere a otto sels, Aug. 16, 1786. At first violinist and
voci (ib., 1596) Triaca musicale, contain- assistant maitre de chapelle at St. Jacques',
;
ing seven humourous pieces for four, five, Antwerp, he became director of music to
six, and seven voices (ib., 1597) Canzo- the Prince of Thurn und Taxis at Ratisbon
;
nette a quattro voci, lib. i. (ib., 1595) Ves- in 1729, and went in 1715 (or 1749) to
;
pertine omnium, etc. (ib., 1589) Messe Brussels, where he conducted the choir of
;
a cinque voci, lib. i. (ib., 1596) Septem the Royal Chapel until 1755, when he suc-
;
psalmi poenitentiales sex vocum (ib., 1598) ceeded N. de (!roes (probably his father) as
;
Sacrre cantiones quinque vocum, Lamenta- maitre de chapelle to Prince Charles of Lor-
zioni ed Improperie, etc. (ib., 1603) Mag- raine. His works consist of masses, motets,
;
nificat, motetti a quattro voci (ib., 1605) anthems, etc.; symphonies and sonatas for
;
Nove Lamentazioni (ib., 1610) Madrigali different instruments. Fetis, Supplement,

;
a sei voci (Antwerp, 1610) Cantiones sa- i. 219 Mendel, Erganz., 72 Riemann.
; ; ;
erse octo vocum (Antwerp, 1622) do., lib. CRCESUS. See Creso.
;
ii. (ib., 1623). An English collection of his CROFF, GIOVANNI BATTISTA, born
church music is entitled Musica Sacra for in the beginning of the 19th century, died
:
six voyces (London, 1608). His madrigal, in ]\Iilan in February, 1868. Professor of
Cynthia, thy song and chanting, is an Eng- harmony at the Conservatorio of Milan
lish favourite. Six of his motets have been from 1850 until his death. He wrote an
published in Mr. Hullah's Part Music, and opera bufi'a, (ûauti casi in un sol gior-
nine in the collection of the Motet Society. no, given at La Scala in 1834 and the ;
Fetis Grove; Mendel; Riemann.

; music for a ballet, Giovanni di Leida, ossia
CROCIATI IN PTOLEMAIDE, I (The il falso profeta. He published also music
Crusaders in Ptolemais), Italian opera, mu- for the pianoforte and the harmonium. Fe-
sic by Pacini, given in Trieste about 1827. tis, Suppli'mcnt, i. 219.
CROCIATO IN EGITTO, IL (Thfr Cru- CROFT, WILLIAM, born at Nether Eat-
sader iu Egypt), grand heroic opera, text ington, Warwickshire, England, in 1677,
375
;
CROISEZ
died in Loudon, Aug. 14, 1727. He was which he went to the Cistercian Monastery
one of the children of the Chapel Royal of Osseg. He was professor at the College
under Dr. Blow, of Leitmeritz in 1782, at the Gymnasium in
and succeeded hiui 1788, and Prague at
at the University of
at his death, in Kommotau in 1805, where later he became
1708, as organist of dean of the theological faculty. He was
Westminster Abbey considered a great organist, always imj^ro-
and as master of vised, and none of his compositions for the
the children and organ were ever written out or published.
composer to the Only a few works for clarinet and jjiauoforte
vV, Chapel Royal. It are known. Fetis Mendel. ;
was in the discharge CROSS, MICHAEL HURLEY, born of

of the duties of the latter office that he pro- American parentage in Philadelphia, Penn-
duced, for the frequent thanksgivings for sylvania, April 13, 1833, still living, 1888.
victories,so manj' of his noble anthems. Organist studied in Philadelphia harmony ;
He became Mus. Doc, and composition under Dr. Meignen, piano-

O.xford, July 9, 1713.
His llusica Sacra, two folio volumes, con- forte and organ under B. Cross, violin un-
taining thirty anthems and a burial service, der C. Honimann, and violoncello under
was published in 1721. The two fine tunes L. Engelke. He has been organist of the
of St. Ann's, and St. Matthew's, and a single following churches in Philadelphia: St.
chant in B minor, will long live in the An- Patrick's, St. John's, First Bai:)tist, Beth
glican Church. In the earlier jjart of his Eden Baptist, The Cathedral, and Holy
career he composed for the theatre, and Trinity. He is, or has been, also leader in
produced overtures and airs for Courtship) that city of the Abt Society, the Orpheus
a la mode, 1700 The Funeral, 1702
; The Club, the Arion Society, the Beethoven So-
;
Twin Rivals, 1703 The Lying Lover, 1704. ciety, The Cecilian, and The Eurydice.
;
Numerous songs of his are in collections of "Works Masses and other church music :
;
the iêriod. He published also sonatas for Pianoforte compositions Quartets and other ;
both violin and flute.^Grove Fetis Men- concerted music Songs.

; ; ;
del Barrett, English Church Composers,

; CROTCH, WILLIAM, born in Norwich,
108 Harmonicon, 1828, 71.
; England, July
CROISEZ, PIERRE, born in Paris, May 15, 1775, died
9, 1814, still living, 1888. Harpist, pupil in Taunton, Dec.
.at the Conservatoire of Nadermanu on the 29, 1847. Or-
harp, for which he took the second prize in ganist of remark-
1829, and the first in 1831, and pupil of able precocity,
Halevy in composition. After leaving the peiforming i n
Conservatoire in 1832, he devoted himself London in 1780,
to the study of the pianoforte, for which he when only five
has Avritten many fantaisies, caprices, themes years old. Dr.
varies, and morceaux de genre, of medium Burn ey pub-
difficulty, intended for pupils. Fc'tis ; Men- lished an inter-
del. esting account of him, which was commu-
CRON, JOACHIM ANTON, born at Po- nicated to the Royal Academy and printed
dersam, near Saatz, Bohemia, Sept. 29, in the Philosophical Transactions in 1779.
1751, died at Osseg, Jan. 20, 1826. Or- He went in 1786 to Cambridge as assist-
ganist, and virtuoso on the harmonica ant to Dr. Randall, organist of Trinity and
pupil of the University of Prague, from King's College, and at fourteen composed an
S7C
CUOUCII
oratorio, The Captivity of Jadali, perforiued playing, and Crivelli iu Italian singing.
at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, iu 1789. In He made his first public appearance at the
1788 be weut to Oxford, aud in 1790 was Royal Coburg Theatre, Loudon, when nine
appointed organist of Christ Church, aud years old in 1820 he played in the orches- ;
in 1794 Mus. Bac. He succeeded Dr. tra at the coronation

Philip Haves in 1797, as organist of St. of George TV. was a ;
John's College aud music in member of Queen Ade-

2'i'ofessor of
the University, and became Mus. Doc. in laide's i^rivate band
1799. From 1800 to 1804 he delivered until it was abolished
lectures iu the Music School. He pro- iu 1832, on the pas-
duced his oratorio, Palestine, and published sage of the Reform
a treatise on the Elements of Musical Com- Bill, and sang at one
position in 1812. About 1820 lie was ap- time as chorister in
pointed music lecturer at the Eoyal Insti- Westminster Abbey
tute, London, aud on the establishment of aud St. Paul's Cathedral. After living as
the Eoyal Academy of Music, in 1822, he a concert singer and vocal teacher in
was made its jii'i'icipal. In 1834 he pro- Plymouth, he became in 1838 supervisor
duced a second oratorio. The Captivity of in D'Almaine & Co.'s music-publishing
Judah, entirely difierent from his earlier house, London, serving also as violoncellist
composition, and conducted the Royal Mu- at Drury Lane, Covent Garden, and the
sical Festival at Westminster in the same Haymarket Theatres. In 1849 he went
year. Among his other works are Ten to New York and served as violoncellist
:
anthems, some chants, several glees, fugues, at the Astor Place Opera House, thence
and concertos for organ. His ode, Mona went to Boston, and iu 1850 to Portland,
on Snowdeu calls, his glee. Nymph with Me., where he produced Rossini's Stabat
thee, and his motet, Methinks I hear the Mater with his owu translation. In 1856
full celestial choir, for bass solo and cho- he removed to Philadelphia, where he con-
rus, were very popular. He published ducted Mi-s. Rush's Saturday Concerts, and
works on thorough bass and harmony, and brought out Mehul's Joseph and his Breth-

resumus of his lectures at Oxford. Grove ren he afterwards went to Washington,
; ;
Ft'tis ;Larousse Mendel Schilling Kie- D. C, as choir-conducter of St. Matthew's

; ; ;
mann Barrett, English Church Composers, Church, in which Palmer (later known as
;
157 Harmonicon, 1831, 3.

; Heller, the magician) was the organist.
CROUCH, FREDERICK WILLIAM
Crouch and Palmer established in Wash-
NICHOLLS, born, of English parentage, iu ington an Academy of Music, which failed,
London, July 31, 1808, still living, 1888. and Crouch went to Richmond, Va., where
His grandfather, William Crouch, was or- he sang first bass iu the choir of St. Paul's
ganist of Old Street Road Church, St. Church. He served during the civil war in
Luke's parish, and of ClaiDliam Rise Church, the Confederate army, and after its close
Surrey his father was Frederick William settled in Baltimore, Md., where he was for
;
[
Crouch, violoncellist and composer. He many years well known as a teacher of mu-
studied music under his grandfather aud sic, and where he still resides. Within a
father, and the violoncello under Bochsa, few years he has had conferred upon him
and aljout 1822 entered the Royal Academy the certificate of fellowship, aud a medal
of Music in London, where he had as for musical comjjosition, by the Society of
teachers Dr. Crotch and Thomas Attwood Letters, Arts, and Sciences of London.
iu harmony. William Hawes in Eiiglish Having become reduced in circumstances
singing, Richard Lindley iu violoncello through sickness and other misfortunes, a
|
377
CEOW
him in Balti- ist, who began teaching early in life. He
testimonial concei't was given
more, May 30, 1883, and about the same is a proUtic writer of pianoforte music, and
time he became the legally adopted father has published at least a hundred and fifty
of a friend who wished to alleviate his compositions, such as caprices, etudes, reve-
condition. Though remembered priuci- ries. Serenades, etc. Fetis, Supplement, i.
lâlly for his Mavourneeu, all 220.
Kathleen
Crouch's music is refined and shows him to CROZE, J B French dramatic ,
be possessed of a fund of melody, and of composer, contemporary. His opera en-

considerable artistic merit. Works Sir titled Louise de Charolais, was given in : :
Eoger de Coverley, opei-a (MS.) The Fifth Marseilles in 1854. Others which have
;
of November, 1C70, opera (MS.). Collec- not been produced are Harold, opera :
tions Echoes of the Lakes Twenty-four fantastique, and La Moabite, opera biblique,
: ;
Irish Songs, poetry bj' Mrs. Crawford (1840, though the latter was given by a society
containing Kathleen Mavourneen) Songs of amateurs at INIarseilles. He has pub-
;
of Erin, jJoetry by D. Ryan Echoes of the lished also music for the pianoforte and vi-
;
Past Bardic Remiuisceuces Songs of the olin, songs, and dance music Fetis, Sup-
; ;
Past Songs of the Olden Time Songs of plement, i. 220.

; ;
a Rambler Songs of the Parish Wake

: CEUDEL, PERCHE FINORA. See ;
Songs of the Seasons Songs of the Abbeys Nozze di Figaro.

;
and Cathedrals Songs of Shakespeare ; CRiJGER, JOHANNES, born at Gross- ;
Songs of a Voyager Songs of the Bards, ; Breesen near Guben,

and other collections Songs, etc. He is ; Prussia, April 9,
the author also of a Complete Treatise on 1598, died in Berlin,
the Violoncello (London, 1827). Feb. 23, 1662. He
CROW, ED'WIN JOHN, born at Sitting- was educated at the
bourne, England, Sept. 17, 1841, still living, Jesuit College of
1888. Organist, fiupil of John Larkin Hop- Olmiitz, at the school
kins at Rochester Cathedral, of John Hop- of poetry at Ratis-
kins, Dr. Steggall, and of Banister. Or- bon, and the Uni-
ganist, successively, of churches at three versity of Witten-
Leicester, 1861-73, and since 1873 of Kipon berg, and was cantor of the church of St.
Cathedral. Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1872. Nicolaus, Berlin, from 1622 until his death.
Mas. Doc, 1882. Works: Church Oratorio Works Meditationum musicarum Para- :
for harvest time ; The 14Gth Psalm, for voices disus primus, oder Erstes musikalisches
and orchestra Communion Service in F
; ;
Lustgiirtlein, for and four voices
three
Morning Service in C Evening Services in ; (Frankfort, 1622), and Med. mus. Parad. se-
G, A, and D Music for masonic ceremo-
; cundus (Berlin, 1626) a collection of Mag-
;
nies Hj-mns, chants, etc.

; Orchestral and ; nificats in German, in two and eiglit part
organ works Pianoforte music.
; harmony written in all the eight modes;
CROWN DIAMONDS. See Diamants de Praxis pietatis melica, for four voices and
la couroune. two instruments, a collection of Luther-
CROWN WITH FESTAL P0:MP, cho- an hymns (Leipsic, 1649 30th ed., Berlin, ;
rus in D major, in Handel's Hercules', 1703). The best known numbers in this
Part i. collection are : Nun danket alle Gott ; Jesu
CRO'WNED WITH THE TEMPEST. meine Zuver-sicht ; Jeau meine Freude and ;
See Ernani. Schmfid-e dich, O Hebe Seole. His Recrea-

CROZE, FERDINAND DE, born in Mar- tiones ist neue poetische Arao-
rausicie, das
seilles, about 1828, stiU living, 1888. Pian- riisen, contained thirty-two pieces (Leipsic,
378
;
CRUSADERS
1G51). Amoug liis tbeoretical works are, CRUZ, FELIPPE DA, born in Lisbon, be-
Synopsis miisica (Berlin, 1G24) a method ginning of the 17th century. A clerk in
;
for tliorougb bass Precepta musieje prac- the monastery of Palmella, Portugal, he at
;
tice figuralis (ib., 1625) Quajstiones mu- first taught music in Lisbon, and then went
;
sicse practice (ib., 1650).

Fetis Mendel to Madrid, where he became almoner to
;
Eiemann ; Winterfeld, Der evaug. Kircben- Philip IV. He was recalled to Portugal by
gesang, ii. 159. Joiio IV., who made him his mestre de ca-
CRUSADERS, THE, or The Old Mau of pella. The following works are in the MS.
the Mountain, English opera in three acts, department of the Royal Library at Lisbon :
text by Saint-Georges, music by Julius Bene- A mass on the Portuguese

for ten voices
dict, represented at Drury Lane, London, song. Quel razon ijodeis vos tener jxara no
1846, and in Munich, 1853. The old man me querer another mass on the song. Solo
;
is the chief of the sect of Assassins. Die regnas tu en mi Psalmos de vesperas, e

;
Kreuzfahrer (The Crusaders), text by Ko- eompletos a 4 coros Motete de defuntos

;
;
tzebue, music by von Seyfried, given in Dimitte me, a 12 Motete, Vivo ego, a 5
;
;
Vienna, 1809 music by Eeichardt, same Vilhancicos, a diversas vozes.

; Fetis ; Men-
text, Germany, 1810 Romantic opera in del Vascoucellos, 75.
; ;
three acts, text by Ziegler, music by Georg CRYSTAL STREAMS IN MURMURS

Kremjielsetzer, given iu Munich, Feb. 17, FLOWING, soprano air in G major, of Su-
1865. Der Kreuzfahrei', romantic ojjera in sanna, iu Handel's Susanna, Part II.
three acts, text by the composer and his CUDMORE, RICHARD, born in Chi-
wife Marianne, music by Louis Sjjohr, given chester, England, in 1787, died in Man-
iu Cassel, Jan. 1, 1845. La Croisee, opera chester, January, 1841. Violinist, pupil of
in two acts, music by Cambiui, Beaujolais, James Forgett, organist in Chichester, and
1785. The Crusade, English historical op- later of Reinagle and Salomon. After play-
era, music by William Shield, Covent Gar- ing in the orchestra of the Italian Opera,
den, London, 1790. London, he resided in Chichester in 1779-
CRUSADER.S, THE, cantata by Gade. 1808, and then returned to London to study
See Kreuzfahrer, Die. the pianoforte under Woelfl, and became a
CEUSELL, HENRIK BERNHARD, born member of the Philharmonic Society's band.
at Nystad, Finland, Oct. 1.5, 1775, died at He afterwards lived in Manchester as leader
Stockholm in July, 1838. Clarinet player, of the Gentlemen's Concerts. Works Mar- :
self-taught until 1791, when he received his tyr of Antioch, oratorio Concertos for vio- ;
first instruction r.t Stockholm, then iu Ber- lin Concertos for pianoforte Songs, etc.
; ;
lin (1798) 25upil of Tausch, the elder, and Grove Fetis. ;
in Paris (1803) of Berton and Gossec in CUELLAR Y ALTARRIBA, RAMON

composition. In 1811-12 he made several FELIX, born in Santiago, Spain, close of
concert tours, and afterwards became mu- the 18th century, died Jan. 7, 1833. Or-
sical director of the two royal guard regi- ganist, chorister in the Cliurch of La Sen
ments at Stockholm. Works Concerto for at Saragossa, jjupil of Gai-cia, called I'Es-
:
clai-inet, o-p. 1 Idem, op. 5

; Concerted pagnolet. He became maestro de caisilla of
;
symphony for clarinet, horn, and bassoon, the Cathedral of Oviedo in 1817, chamber-
op. 3 ;
Quartets for clarinet, violin, viola, musician to the king, and finally organist of
and bass, op. 2, 4, 7, and 8 Duos for two the Meti'opolitan Church of Santiago until
;
clarinets, op. 6 Divertissement for oboe his death. Works

; Sixteen masses Nine :
;
with quartet, op. 9 Twelve German songs, Psalms Five Magnificats

; Lamentations
; ;
;
with iîanoforte accompaniment, op. 10 some Te Deum, and a great many canticles
(Leipsic). Fotis Mendel.; and motets, which are scattered throughout
379
:
cm
the clmrclies of Spain, partieiilarlv those of (London, 1877) ; Pureell, in Great Musi-
Saragossa. Fc'tis, Supplement, i. 220 ; Men- cians' series (ib., 1882) ; and contributions
del, Ei'ganz., 72. to English musical history.
GUI (Kiii), CESAR, born at Wilua, Jan. 6, CUNIEWICZ, , Polish composer,
1835, still living, contemporary. He is the author of a cele-
1888. Dramatic brated lyric and symphonic work entitled :
composer, pupil La Captivite Babylonienne, produced at

of Moniuszko and Lemberg, Feb. 3, 1867. This important
of Balakirev. lu work was divided into six parts, as follows :
1864-68 musical Aux fleuves de Babyloue La jjriere Les ; ;
critic of the St. orphelins de la Judee Choeur des pru- ;
Petersburg G a - tres Le depart L'arrivee au pays de la

; ;
zette, he warmly Judee. Fotis, Supplement, i. 220.

embraced the CUPIS, JEAN BAPTISTE, born in Paris
cause of Schu- in 1741, died (?). Violoncellist, pupil of
mann, Berlioz, his father and of Berteau. When twenty
and Liszt, and in 1878-79 published in the years old he was one of the ablest violon-
Paris Revue et Gazette Musicale a series cellists in France. He left the orchestra at
of articles, La Musique en As a the Opera in 1771, and after travelling in
Eussie.
composer he belongs to the young Russian Germany, went to Italy, where he married
school. By profession a military engineer, the celebrated singer Giulia Gaspariui, and
he was educated at the Imperial Academy went with her in 179-1 to Milan. Works :
of Engineering in St. Petersburg, where he Premier concerto pour violoncelle, avec

afterwards became successively instructor, accomj)agnement d'orchestre Deuxieme ;
adjunct-professor, and professor of fortifica- concerto. Air de I'Aveugle de Palmyre et

tion, on which he has also written a treatise menuet de Fischer, varies pour le violon-
and a historj'. Works Operas "William celle avec deux violons, alto, basse, deux
:
Ratcliff, given at St. Petersburg, 1869 The hautbois, et deux cors Petits airs varies
; ;
Prisoner in the Caucasus, ib., 1873 Angelo, pour 2 violoncelles, Nos. 1 a 3 (posthumous,
;
ib., 1876 The Mandarin's Son, ib., 1878 Paris) Methode nouvelle et raisonnee pour
; ;
;
Two Scherzos and a Tareu telle for orchestra apprendre a jouer du violoncelle, oil Ton
;
Suite for pianoforte and violin more than traite de son accord, de la maniere de tenir
;
fifty songs.
Fetis, Supplement, i. 220 Rie- cet instrument, etc. (Paris).
; Fetis Men- ;
maiin. del.
CUMmNGS, WILLIAM HAY]\IAN, born CUPRE, JEAN DE, French composer of
at Sidbury, Devon, England, in 1835, still madrigals, living at Heidelberg at the be-
living, 1888. A member when very young ginning of the 17th century. He published
of the choir of St. Paul's, and Livre premier, contenant treute madrigals
later of the
Temple Church, London, he became or- a cinq voix, nouvellement mises en lumiere
ganist of Waltham Abbey, and later tenor par Jean Cupre, nuisicien et maistre d'es-
singer in the Temple, Westminster Abbey, chole au Palatinat, a Heidelberg (Frankfort-
and the Chapel Royal. He is professor of on-the-Main, 1610). Fetis Mendel. ;
singing in the Royal College for the Blind, C!URCI, GIUSEPPE, born in Barletta,
Norwood, London. Works The Fairy Italy, June 5, 1808, still living, 1888. Pu-
:
Ring, cantata Te Deum, Jubilate, Sanc- pil at the Conservatorio of Naples from
;
tus, etc., in D O Lord, give ear, anthem 1823 studied harmony under G. Furno,
; ; ;
Glees Songs Part songs, etc. He is the counterpoint and fugue under Raimondi
; ;
author also of The Rudiments of Music and Zingarelli, and singing under Cres-
300
CUiiCIO
ceutini. While at the Conservatorio he France, and Italy. He was the favorite song
wrote two masses for four voices aud or- writer before Schumann, and his Lieder
chestra two operettas, Un' ora di prigione
; are full of melody, and rather superior
and II matriuiouio eonchiuso per le bugia, to other compositions of his time. Some
played at the Conservatorio Theatre an ; of them are still great favorites, which speaks
opera bufla, H medico e la morte, performed well for their intrinsic merit. His collect-
in 1833 at the Teatro Nuovo another, I ; ed Lieder comprise eighty-three solos and
dodici Tabarri, in 1833, at the Teatro del nine songs in two and three jjarts (Berlin,
Fondo and composed a cantata, Kuggiero,
; 1871). His song. In every opening flower,
for a grand gala representation at the San and his trios, Ti prego, and Atldio, have
Carlo, Jan. 1835. On leaving the Con-
1, always been popular. He composed also
servatorio, he went to Milan, then to Turin, two canons for three voices, op. 7 (Berlin) ;
where he brought out II jn-oscritto, 1837; to Romeo, scena and aria, op. 6 and an opei-a, ;
Venice, where lie gave Don Desiderio, aud Abdul und Erinuieh, given at Cassel about
L' Uragano, a scena played by the Societii 1825.
Fetis Ledebur, Toidiiinstler Lexi- ;
Filarmonica. He lived several years at Vi- kon Berlins Mendel Schilling. ; ;
enna, where he became famous as a profes- CURTI, VINCENZO, born in Naples,

sor of singing, ti-avelled in Germany and Sept. 18, 1836, still living, 1888. Pianist,
Belgium, and resided in Paris from 1848 to pupil at the Naples Conservatorio of Fran-
1856, when he returned to Barletta. Other cesco Lanza, Alessandro Busti, and Viuceuzo
works Six masses for three or four voices Fiodo. He has written two masses, two al-
:
with organ, quartet, and orchestra over bums of vocal melodies, three albums of
;
sixty religious compositions with organ or dance music, and a number of transcriji-
orchestra Funeral mass for three voices and tions and arrangements for the pianoforte.
;
orchestra Piccolo solfeggio, II Bel Canto,

; Fetis, Supplement, i. 221.
two collections of solfeggi, etc. Fotis, Sup-
CUSINS, WILLIAM GEORGE, born in
pk>ment, i. 221 Mendel, Ergiinz., 72.
; L o n d o n Oct. 14, ,
CURCIO, VINCENZO, born iu Naples, 1833, still living,

lived iu the second half of the 18th century. 1888. He entered
He was the author of an opera, I sciocchi the Chapel Royal in
presuntuosi, given at Naples in 1776. Fc- his tenth year, and
tis. Supplement, i. 221. studied the piano-
CUmOSO INDISCRETO, IL, Italian forte, violin, and har-
opera, music by Anfossi, first given at mony at the Brussels
Milan in 1778. On its performance in Conservatoire, in
Vienna in 1783, Mozart added three new 1844, under Fetis.
songs to it (KOchel, 418, 419, 420), two for In 1847 he gained the
Madame Lange and one for Adamberger. King's Scholarship at
The last one was not sung. An Italian the Royal Academy of Music, London,
opera of the same title, music by Gherar- which was prolonged in 1849 for two years.
desca, was given at Lucca in 1764. He made his first appearance as a pianist
CUESCHMANN, KARL FRIEDRICH, and his debut as a composer, in an over-
born in Berlin, June 21, 1805, died at ture, in 1849, and became organist of the
Langfuhr, near Dantzic, Aug. 24, 1841. Queen's private chapel and a violinist iu
Tenor singei-, pupil at Cassel of Spohr and the orchestra of the Royal Italian Oiêra.
Hauptmann in harmony and comjiosition In 1851 he became assistant professor of
for four years ; settled in Berlin and the pianoforte at the Royal Academy of
made occasional concert tours in Germany, Music, and later full professor, and in 1867
381
CUSTAED
conductoi" of the Philbarmonic Society in Two of these are in the MS. department of
place of Sterndale Beuuett. He was ajj- the National Library, Paris, the other four
pointed master of music to the Queen in are among the manuscripts of the Vatican
1870 in 1875 succeeded Bennett as ex- Library, Rome.
; Fetis.
amining professor at Queen's College and ; CYBULOWSKY, LUCAS, dii-ector of the
in 1876 became joint examiner of scholar- choir at the diaconal church at Prague, in
ships for the National Training School of 1617. He is known in Bohemia as the
Music, with Mr. HuUah and Otto Gold- composer of a great deal of church music,
schmidt. In 1885 he became professor in such as graduals, offertories, etc., preserved
Trinity College and in the Guildhall School inmany Bohemian churches in the original
of Music, London. Works Eoyal Wed- : MSS.Fetis MendeL ;
ding Serenata (1863) Gideon, oratorio, ; CYMON,English dramatic romance, text

given at Gloucester in 1871 2 concert ; by David Garrick, music by Michael Arne,
overtures for full orchestra Travailleurs de ; represented at Drury Lane Theatre, Lon-
la Mer (1869) Love's Labour's Lost (1875)
; ;
don, in 1767. It was long popular, and
Pianoforte concerto in A minor Te Deum ; gave the composer a considerable reputa-
for soli, chorus, and orchestra, 1880 Trio ; tion. Hogarth, ii. 102.
for pianoforte, violin, and violoncello ;
CYRUS. See Ciro.
Songs; Pianoforte music, etc. Grove; CYTEEIK, ALOIS, born in Prague,
Eiemann. Nov. 19, 1826, still living, 1888. Pianist,
CUSTARD, WALTER GOSS, born in pupil of Dreyschock, and of Toniaschek in
England, June 9, 1811, still living, 1888. composition ; appeared iirst in concerts in
Organist, articled to Sir George Elvey, his native then in Hung!iry,
city, 1851,
Chapel Royal, Windsor, 1857 oi-ganist of ; Transylvania, and Wallachia with great suc-
Spring Grove Cluirch, Isleworth, 1861, and cess, 1852 after his return he made a con-
;
of Christ Church, St. Leonards-on-Sea, cert tour through Bohemia and Saxony,
1865. Works: Office of the Holy Com- and has since lived at Prague, teaching the
munion in E-flat Choral Service in D pianoforte. Works Concerto for piano-
; ;
:
Te Deum in F Benedictus in F 12 stud- forte and orchestra

; Introduction and
; ;
ies for pianoforte, 1879 Agiuis Dei and Rondo for do. ; Andante and Rondo for ;
Benedictus, 1880 ; Communion Office in F, pianoforte and violoncello ; Trio for piano-
1881 ; Songs ; Pianoforte music, etc. forte, and violoncello 2 sonatas,
violin, ;
CUTLER, WELLLVM HENRY, bom in and many pieces in modern style, for piano-
London in 1792, died (?). Pianist, pupil of forte ; Songs. Mendel.
Little and in singing of Dr. Ar-
and Griffin, CZAR UND ZIMMERMANN (Czar and
nold. In 1803 he became a chorister at St. Carpenter), German comic ojjera in three
Paul's Cathedral, and studied afterwards acts, text and nuisic by Lortziug, first rep-
with William Russell. He received the de- resented in Berlin in 1854. Scene in Hol-
gree of Mus. Bac. at Oxford in 1812 be- land. Peter the Great, under the pseudo- ;
came organist of St. Helen's, Bishopsgate, nym of Peter Michaelhoff, and Peter Ivan-
in 1813, and of Quebec Chapel, Portman hoff, a Russian deserter, are working as
Square, London, in 1823. His works com- cai'penters in a shijjyard at Saardam. The
anthems and songs, plot turns on the efforts of the English and
prise a service, several
and numerous pianoforte pieces. Grove French ambassadoi's to penetrate the Czar's ;
Fetis Mendel.
; disguise, and is complicated by the con-
CUVELIERS, JEAN LE, born at Arras, founding of the two Peters. At the close
about 1230, died (?). Poet and composer the Czar sails away, leaving Ivanholf, who
of chansons, of which six only are extant. has beau enjoying a regal reception from
CZAr.TII
tlie people of Saardatn, in a good position, in 1805, and Rondo brillant,

for four
witli the royal consent to his marriage hands, in 1818. From that time he had
with Marie, the niece of the Burgomaster. difficulty in keeping pace with
the demands
The libretto is uninteresting and the music of the jjublishers.
light, but the opera has been very success- His printed com-
ful in Germany and in Russia. An English j)ositions amount
version, entitled Peter the Shipwright,was to nearly one
played at the Gayety Theatre, London, thousand, of which
April 15, 1871. many consist of
CZARTH (Schardt, Zarth), GEORG, fifty or more num-
born at Deutschbrod, Bohemia, in 1708, bers. His piano-
died in Mannheim, in 1771. pu- forte compositions
Violinist, '
pil of Timnier and Rosetti on the violin, may be divided

and of Biarelli on the flute. He entered into three classes,
the service of the Starost Suchaczewski at scholastic, solid,
Warsaw, was admitted to the Chapel Royal and brilliant the best of which are \m-
;
of the King of Poland in 1733, and in 1731 doubtedly the scholastic, op. 299, 300,
335,
entered the orchestra of the Prince Royal 399, 400, and 600, published under the
of Prussia, with whom he went in 1740 to title of Complete Theoretical and Practi-
:
Berlin, ou his accession to the throne. In cal Pianoforte School, 3 vols. Besides his
1760, he went to Mannheim, as violinist in printed works, which embrace every species
the chapel of the Elector Palatine. Besides of composition for pianoforte, he left an enor-
many concertos, trios, solos, and sympho- mous mass of MS., now in the archives of
nies, left in MS., he published six
solos for the flute, and as many
for the violin. Fotis Mendel.
;
CZEK. See Gech.

CZERMAK See dermak.
CZERNY, D0:\1INIC, JOS-
EPH, and SANCTUS. See yOi/(^-^^"
()ern>%
CZERNY, (Cerny'), CARL, born in Vi- the Gesellschaft der Musik-Freunde, Vienna.
enna, Feb. 21, 1791, died there, July 15, Tliese comprise
24 masses, 4 requiems, :
1857. Pianist, pupil of his father Wencezclas 300 graduals and

offertories, symphonies,
Czerny, pianist, of Beethoven, and of de- overtures, concertos,
string trios and quar-
menti. Beethoven, who offered to teach him tets, choruses, songs for
one or more-voices,
and became his ardent friend, introduced and even pieces for the stage.
His book :
liim to his patron, Prince Lichuowsky, whose XJmriss der

ganzen Musikgeschichte, was
friendship was of great service to Czerny. publi-shed by Schott,
of Mainz (1851) and ;
In 1804 he made preparations for a profes- by Ricordi, of Milan. Fetis

IMendel Rie- ; ;
sional tour, butabandoned it on account of mann Schilling Wurzbach.

; ;
the unsettled state of the continent, and CZERWmSKY, WILHEL3I, born in

devoted himself from that time to teaching Vienna, 1838, still living, 1888, at Lemberg,
and composition. Among his pupils were Galicia. Pianist, pupil of Fischhof, Hell-
Liszt, Thalberg, DOhler, Mme Oury, and mesberger,
the elder, von Mikuli, and Notte-
many other well-known musicians. His bohm. Works Slowirek (singing bird),
:
first published work "Variations concer- operetta, given at Lemberg, 1875

:
Sym- ;
tantes, for pianoforte and violin, appeared phony String quartets Pianoforte pieces,
; ;
CZEYKA
choruses, aud songs. Mendel, Ergiiuz., he retired to his native citj'. Works 4 :
73. concertos for clarinet, with orchestra Con- ;
CZEYKA. See 6ejka. certino ; Fautaisies aud themes varies ; Ro-

CZIBULKA, ALPHONS, born at Szepes- Mendel Schilling.
mances. Fetis ; ;
Varallya, Hungary, May, 14, 1842, still liv- DAFNE, pastoral drama by Ottavio Rinuc-
ing, 1888. Pianist, studied at Pressburg cini, music by Jacopo Peri, privately per-
aud in Vienna, then went as pianist to Rus- formed in the Palazzo Corsi, Florence, 1597.
sia. In 1865 he became Kapellmeister at This was the first true opera ever put ujjou
the Carl Theater in Vienna, and in 1866, the stage. Peri himself took the j)art of
upon his own application, in the 17th regi- Apollo. The music, now lost, was in the
ment of infantry, with which he made the style then believed to be identical with that
camjjaign iu Italy afterwards in the same cultivated by the Greek tragedians.
; It was
capacity in the 25th regiment at Prague never performed in public.

;
Dafne, Italian
he is now Armee-Kapellmeister in Vienna, opera, music by Marco da Gagliano, was
His dance-music enjoys great favor. He represented iu 1607, at the marriage of the
is author of an operetta Pfingsten in Flor- Duke of Mantua with the daughter of the
:
enz, 1884. Mendel, Ergauz., 73 Kiemann. Duke of Savoy Italian ojêra, music by
; ;
Ariosti, Venice, 1686 music by Aldovrau- ;
dini, Bologna, 1696 music by Baron As- ;
DAASE, RUDOLF, born in Berlin, Feb. torga, Vienna, 1705 music by Pollarolo, ;
21, 1822, still living, 1888. Pupil Venice, 1705. Daphue, text translated from
of Streit and Braune on the violin, Rinuccini by Martin Opitz, music by Hein-
of Kilitschgy on the pianoforte, and of rich Schiitz, produced under the ausiîces
Eduard Wilsing, A. W. Bach, and Marx in of the Elector Joliaun Georg I., at the pal-
theorj' and composition. He teaches music ace of Torgau, April 13, 1627, was the first
in Berlin, where he is a conductor, aud has ojiiera written by a German and the first
composed many dances, mai'ches, and similar ever performed in Germany. Florindo uud
works for special occasions, also pianoforte Daphne, German opera, text by Hiusch (in
pieces, aud four-part songs for male voices. two parts, the first entitled F'lorindo), music
In 1885 he received the great gold medal, by Haudel, given at Hamburg, 1706. Dapli-
of Austria, for art and science. Mendel. ne, music by J. D. Hensel, Goldberg, 1799.
DACHSTEIN, WOLFGANG, lived in Apollo and Daphne, English opera, music
the 16th century. He was a priest of Stras- by Pepusch, London, 1716 music by Gal- ;
burg, but adopted the reformed religion iu liard, Loudon, 1726. Apollon et Daphue,
1524, married, and became organist aud French opera, text byPitra, music by Anton
vicar of the church of St. Thomas, Stras- Mayer, Paris, 1782. Gli amori d' Apolline
burg. He composed the chorals An Wus- e di Dafne, music by Cavalli, Venice, 1640.
:
serjlilsaeii Babylon Ach Gott, wie lang

; DAHL, E:\BIA, born (Freyse), ai. Plon,
;
Aus tiefer Noth Ich glaub Darum red' ich, Holsteiu, April 6, 1819, still living, 1888.
; ;
etc. Fetis Mendel

; SchillinLr, Sup., 88.
; Dramatic singer and vocal composer,
DACOSTA (da Costa), ISAAC FRANCO, adopted daughter and pupil of Baroness vou
born at Bordeaux, France, Jan. 17, 1778, Natorp (Marianne Sessi) made her debut ;
died there, July 12, 1866. Clarinetist, first as Agathe iu Der Fi-eischiitz at the Royal
instructed by his father, then (1797) pupil Opera in Berlin, and sang with gi-eat success
of Xavier Lefcvre at the Paris Conservatoire, on the stages of Breslau, Leipsic, Schwerin,
where he took the first prize in 1798. He etc. Ilaviug declined an engagement as
held positions in the orchestras of different prima donna at Copenhagen, and afterwards
theatres aud of the Opera until 1842, when at Stockholm, she married in 1841 the book-
381
DAI
seller Dab], at Christiania, and, save oue composer was not long in following, and in
year in Paris, where she studied under 1781 his first comic opera, " Le petit sou-
Garcia, has since lived in Norway. She per," was given with great success at the
has composed many songs, distinguished French Court. He was soon recognized as
for pleasing melody and natural sentiment, one of the most fertile composers of the
which are popular in the Scandinavian king- day, and continued writing operas at the

doms. Mendel. rate of one or two a year for the remainder
DAI CAJVIPI, DAI PRATI. See Mefido- of his life, even the horrors of the Reign of
fele. Terror being insufficient to interrupt his
DALAYEAC, NICOLAS (properly productiveness. In 1790 the failure of the
dAlayrac), born at banking house of Savalette de Lange swept
Muret (Languedoc), away the savings of ten years, but Dalayrac
June 13, 17.53, died nevertheless annulled his father's will which
in Paris, Nov. 27, made him sole heir, to the exclusion of a
1809. His father, younger brother. In
1798 he was made
who held a high member of the Academy
of Stockholm,
civil ajipointment and, on the establishment of the order of
had
iu his jjrovince, the Legion of Honour, some years later, he
a horror of music, was made chevalier. He was buried in his
and the young garden at Fontenay-sous-Bois. His bust,
Dalayrac's early by Cartellier, stands in the lobby of the
youth was, like that of many artists, a series Opera Comique. Dalayrac's name is one
of struggles against authority. of the more imjjortant ones in the historj'
parental
He was destined for the bar, but was at of French opera. He was one of tlie fore-
one time allowed to take violin lessons, a runners of Auber and Boieldieu. He was
lêrmission soon withdrawn, as his music particularly at home in the smaller forms
was found to take too much time from his of comic opera ; his melody is graceful,
legal studies. But the boy persisted in natural, and often piquant, although at
practising in secret, climbing up on to the times trivial. In command of the orchestra
roof by night for that purpose. The noise he was quite up to the average of his time ;
of his violin disturbed the nocturnal devo- his sense of dramatic fitness was very keen.
tions of the nuns in a convent liard by ; Some of his songs and ensemble pieces,
they reported his secret playing to his although they have quite passed out of
father, who, touched by the lad's persever- public notice, are still to be regarded as
ance, allowed him to jjursue his musical models. Works 1, L'eclipse totale, 1 act,
:
exercises unhindered in future, and even Paris, Comedie Italienne, Mar. 7, 1782 2, ;
permitted him to give up all thoughts of Le corsaire, 3 acts, ib., March 17, 1783 .3, ;
a legal cai-eer. In 1774 he got a commis- Les deux tuteurs, 2 acts, ib.. May 8, 1784
sion in the Guards of the Comte dArtoi-s, (originally given at court as Les deux sou-
and went to Paris. Here his military pers ; afterwards cut down to 1 act) ; 4,
duties were neglected, as his legal studies Tiamaiit statue, 1 act, Aug. 4, 1785 5,
ib., ;
had been before as soon as he got to the

; La dot, 3 acts, ib., Nov. 21, 1785 6, Nina, ;
capital he began to study harmony under ou la foUe par amour, 1 act, ib., May 15,
Langle. Langle was his only regular 1786 7, Azemia, ou les sauvages, 3 acts,
;
teacher, but he benefited much by the ib.. May 3 or 4, 1787 (first given in Decem-
advice of Grc'ti-y, whose study he used to ber, 1786, at court, at Fontainebleau, as
frequent far more than that great man's Le nouveau Robinson, and much remod-
own pupils did. His dt-but as dramatic elled for the Paris jjerformauce) ; 8, Benaud
; ;
DALAYKAC
cl'Ast, 2 acts, ib., July 19, 1787 9, Les Theatre Feydeau, Sept. 28, 1800 ;
41, Mai- ;
deux serenades, 2 acts, ib., Jan. 23, 1788 aon a vendre, 1 act. Theatre Favart, Oct. ;
10, Sargiues, ou Televe de I'amour, i acts, 22, 1800 42, Lehemau, ou la tour de Neu- ;
ib.. May 14, 1788 11, Fauchette,

; 2 acts, ib., stadt, 3 acts. Opera Comique, Dec. 11, 1801
Oct, 13, 1788 12, Les deux petits Savoy- 43, L' antichambre, ou les valets maitres, 1
;
ards, 1 act, ib., Jan. 14, 1789 13, Raoiil, act, ib., Feb. 26, 1802
;
44, La boucle de ;
sire de Crequi, 3 acts, ib., Oct. 31, 1789 cheveux, 1 act, ib., Oct, 27, 1802 (fiasco,
;
14, La soiree orageuse, 1 act, ib.. May 29, but remodelled and brought out with suc-
1790 15, Le cbene jjatriotique, 2 acts, ib., cess, Nov. 23) 4.5, Picaros et Diego, ou la
; ;
July 10, 1790 16, Vert-vert, 1 act, ib., folle soiree, 1 act, ib.. May 2, 1803 (remod-
;
Oct. 11, 1790 17, Camille, ou le souter- elled version of No. 43, L'antichambre, etc.,
;
rain, 3 acts, ib.. Mar. 19, 1791 18, Agues which was suppressed after first perform-
;
et Olivier, 3 acts, ib., Oct. 10, 1791 19, ance for political reasons) ; 46, La jeune ;
Philippe et Georgette, 1 act, ib., Dec. 28, prude, ou les femmes entre elles, 1 act, ib.,
1791 20, Tout pour I'amour, ou Juliette Jan. 14, 1804
;
47, Une heure de mariage, ;
et Eomeo, ib., July G, 1792 21, Ambroise, 1 act, ib., Mar. 19, 1804
; 48, Le pavilion ;
ou voila ma journee, 1 act, ib., Jan. 12, du Calife, 2 acts. Opera, April 11, 1804 ;
1793 ; 22, Asgill, ou le prisounier de 49, Gulii<tan, ou Hulla de Samarcande, 3

guen-e, 1 act, ib., May 1, 1793 23, TJr- acts, Opera Comique, Sept. 29, 1805
;
50, ;
gande et Merlin, 3 acts, ib., Oct. 4, 1793 Deux mots, ou une nuit dans la foret, 1 act, ;
24, La prise de Toulon, 1 act, Theatre ib., June 9, 1806 51, Koulouf, ou les Chi- ;
Feydeau, Feb. 1, 1794 2.5, Le congres des nois, 3 acts, ib., Dec. 18, 1806 52, Lina, ou
;
;
rois (with ten other composers), 3 acts. le mystere, 3 acts, ib., Oct. 8, 1807 53, ;
Theatre Favart (Comedie Italienne), Feb. lise-Hortense, ou les souvenirs de I'en-

20, 1794 2G, L'enfauce de J. J. Rousseau, fanee, 1 act, ib., Oct. 25, 1809 54, Le poete
;
;
1 act, ib., May 23, 1794 27, Le detenu, ou et le musicien, ou je cherche uu sujet, 3
;
Cange, commissionnaire de Lazare, 1 act, acts, ib., May 30, 1811 (posthumous) 55, ;
Nov. 18, 1794 28, La pauvre femme, 1 Le pavilion des fleurs, ou les pecheurs de
;
act. Theatre Favart, April 8, 1795 29, Grenade, 1 act,

; ^
AdUe et Dorsan, 8 acts, ib., April 27, 1795 -l^êiy^hÛ-^^ ^ ib., May 13, 1822 ;
' (posthumous, re-

30, Marianue, 1 act, ib., July 7, 1796 31, ;
La maison isolee, ou le vieillard des Vosges, modelled version of No. 48, Le pavilion
2 acts, ib.. May 11, 1797 32, La leron, ou du Calife).
; Dalayrac wrote also some
la tasse de glace, 1 act. Theatre Feydeau, songs for Colin d'Harleville's comedy, Rose
May 24, 1797 33, Gulnare, ou I'esclave et Picard, Comedie Frangaise, 1794 or '95.
;
persane, 1 act, Theatre Favart, Jan. 9, According to Pixerecourt, he left two un-
1798 ;
ou I'erreur d'uu bon pere,
34, Alexis, published comic operas : Le heros en
1 act.Theatre Feydeau, Jan. 24, 1798 ;
voyage, and Zozo, ou le mal avise. R. C.
35, Leon, ou le Chateau de Mouteuero, 3 G. P. (Rene-Charles-Guilbert Pixerecourt),
acts, Theatre Favart, Oct. 15, 1798; 36, Vie de Nicolas Dalayrac (Paris, 1810)
Adolphe et Clara, ou les deux prisonniers, Adolphe Adam, Derniers Souvenirs d'un
1 act, ib., Feb. 10, 1799 37, Laure, ou ; musicien (Paris, 1859) Series of articles
;
I'actrice chez elle, 1 act, ib., Sept. 26, 1799 ;

by Amedee de Bast, entitled Nicolas
38, Arnill, ou le prisonnier americain, 1 act, D'Alayi-ac, in La Guienne, newspaper (Bor-
(remodelled version of No. 22, Asgill, etc.), deaux, May 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1865) ;
ib., Nov. 22, 1799 39, Le rocher de Leu- Alexandre Fourgeaud, Les Violons de Da-
;
cade, 1 act, ib., Feb. 13, 1800 40, Une layrac (Paris, 1856) Clement, Mus. cele-
;
;
matinee de Catinat, ou le tableau, 1 act, bres, 192 ; Pamphlet entitled : Eeponse de

;
:
DALBEKG
Daleyrac u MM. Milan, 1865 Enrico di Guisa, Fermo,
les directeurs de specta- lini), ;
cles, ix'clamant contre deux docrets de 1865 Amina, Ferrara, 1867 Zelia, Turin,
I'as- ; ;
semblee natiouale de 1789, lue au coinito 1868 La Camargo, Milan, 1868 Nissa e ; ;
d'instruetiou publique, le 26 decembre 1791 Saib (with Baur), Turin, 1868 Brahma ; ;
(Paris, 1791). La battaglia di Legnano La Semiramide ;
DALBERG, Barou JOHANN FRIED- del Norte Episodio della vita d' una ;
RICH HUGO VON, boru at Ascbatteuburg, ballerina Attea Anelda Nerone, Milan, ; ; ;
May 17, 1752, died there, July 26, 1812. 1877. Operas I due Orsi, opera bufi'a, :
Instrumental aud vocal composer, pianist, Milan, 1867 II diavolo zoppo, ib., 1867 ;
;
and writer on music, pujjil of Holzbauer at II barbiere di Siviglia (same libretto as that
Mannheim. He was a brother of Karl The- of Rossini, to whom he dedicated it, receiv-
odor von Dalberg, Prince-primate of the ing a flattering letter of accej)tance), Bo-
Confederation of the Rhine, and was coun- logna, 1868, unsuccessful Pietro Micca ;
;
sellor to the Elector of Treves at Coblentz, Garello Ifigenia. Fetis, Supplement, i. ;

aud canon of Worms. He is best known 225.
by his writings on music, containing many DALLA SUA PACE. See Don Giovanni.
interesting historical facts concerning mu- D.ALLOGLIO (d' Alloglio ?), DOMENICO,
sic among the Persians, Indians, Arabs, born in Venice (or Padua) in the beginning
Chinese, aud other nations. Works Eva's of the 18th century, died near Narva, Russia,
:
Klage, cantata (Speyer, 1785) Der ster- in 1764. Violinist, went to St. Petersburg
;
beude Christ an seine Seele, do. (Leipsic, in 1735, and remained in the imperial ser-
1787) Das Saiteuspiel, do., sung at Gotha, vice twenty-nine j'ears when about to re-
; ;
1796 Beatrice, English cantata (London)

; turn to Italy, struck by apoplexy at Narva.
;
Quartets for pianoforte, oboe, horn, and He composed several symphonies, concertos
bassoon Trios for pianoforte, violin, and for violin, solos for do., and for viola. His
;
violoncello Several books of sonatas for younger brother, Giuseppe (died in Venice,
;
piauoforte German, French, and English 1771), a celebrated violoncellist, accom-

;
songs, canons, and other music. Fetis

panied him to St. Petersburg, and after Do-
Gerber Mendel Schilling.
; ; meuico's death proceeded to Warsaw, where
DALLA BELLA, DO:\IENICO,
he apiêared at court, and was entrusted
Italian
contrapuntist, lived in the by the King of Poland with a diplomatic
first half of the
18th century maestro di cajipella of the mission to the republic of Venice in 1765.
;
cathedral at Treviso. Of his manuscripts Ft:-tis Mendel. :
the Imperial Librarj' at Vienna preserves DAL TUO STELLATO SOGLIO. See
Masses for three, four, and eight voices, a 3Ios(i in Egitto.
Salve Regina, a Kyrie, and Gloria, a Te D'ALVIMARE, MARTIN PIERRE, born
Deum, a Veni Creator, etc. at Dreux (Eure-et-Loir), Sept. 18, 1772,
DALL'ARGINE, COSTANTINO, born died in Paris, June 13, 1839. Harp player ;
in 1843, died in Milan, March 1, 1877. he wrote an opera, Egle, when onl}' sixteen
Dramatic composer, especially of ballet (1788), played before the court at Ver-
music. He was
maestro concertatore in sailles, and entered the Garde du Corps of
several theatres in Italy, and in 1864 served Louis XVI. A refugee at the time of the
in that capacity at Alexandria, Egypt, in Revolution, he afterwards became harp
1875 at Valencia, Spain, and in 1877 at teacher to the Empress Josephine (1807),
Mantua. Works Ballets La visioue d' and on
: his retirement to his jjatrimony at
un poeta, Anna di Masovia, Un concorso Dreux,
devoted the rest of his life in 1812,
coregrafico, Turin, 186-t to music ;and composition.
Velleda, Among his
Milan,
1864 II diavolo a quattro (with Pio Bel- published works are Sonatas for harji, or
;
:
387
DAM
harp and pianoforte Fantaisies on Eussian Die Geburt Jesu, do., 1839 Tobias, do.,
; ;
airs forharp Collections of romances, and

; 1839 Cantatas Overtures Thirty-second ; ; ;
pieces for harp and horn arranged with psalm and other psalms Pianoforte music ; ;
Frederic Duvernoj. He wrote also an Songs and part-songs. Fetis Mendel; ;
opera -comique, Le mariage par impru- Riemann.

dence, given at the Ojî'ra Comique, Paris, DAME LA (The White BLANCHE,
April 4, 1809.
Futis do., Supplement, i. Lady), opera-comique iu three acts, test by
;
227 Mendel.
; Scribe, music by Boieldieu, first represented
DAM, HERRMANN GEOEG, born in Ber- at the Opera Comique, Paris, Dec. 10, 1825.
lin, Dec. 5, 1815, died there, Nov. 27, 1858. The libretto is an adaptation of Walter
Violinist, son and pupil of Mads Gregers Scott's novel, "The Monastery," in which
Dam, Danish violinist and composer (1791- the White Lad}' figures as the protectress
1859), who was Kaijellmeister to the King of the Avenel family. This work, one of the
of Prussia. He was Kammermusiker to
the king from ISiO until his death. Works
Operas: Das Fischermiidchen, Berlin,
1831 Cola Eienzi, ib., 1835 Der Geister-
; ;
ring, lb., 1842 Die englischen "Waareu, ib.,

;
1844. Oratorios Das Hallelujah der Schup- :
fung, 1847 ; Die Siiudfluth, 1848. Over-

tures, cantatas, and Lieder. Fetis, Supple-
ment, i. 228 ; Mendel.
DAMCKE, BERTHOLD, born iu Hano-
ver, Feb. 6, 1812, died in Paris, Feb. 15,
1875. He was educated at the Hanover
Gymnasium, became a player on the viola
in the royal chapel iu 1833, and gave a
concert on the organ of his own composi-
tions the year following. After studying iu Mane Role.
Frankfort-on-the-Main under Sehelble, Eies,
most pleasing and most successful operas-
and Aloys Schmitt, he became director of
comiques ever written, still holds the stage.
the Musical Society of Ki-euznach, and of
In 1864 it reached its one thousandth rej)-
its Liedertafel, and established there a
resentation at the Oiêra Comique, and
singing society for which he comjjosed his
since then it has been given several hun-
oratorio, Deborah, choruses for Goethe's
di-ed times. Among those who have filled
Faust, and some psalms. In 1837 he went
the princiiial role most successfully is Mme
to Potsdam as director of the Philharmonic
Marie Euze (Mrs. Henry Mapleson), who
Society, and was soon after made director
appeared in it frequently at the Opera
of the Association for the production of
Comique iu 1865-69. It was first per-
dramatic music. He occupied a similar
formed in English at Covent Garden, Lon-
position at Ivonigsberg from 1841 to 1845,
2, 1827, under the title of The
don, Jan.
when he went to St. Petersburg to teach
White Maid. It was first given in New York,
the pianoforte. In 1855 he went to Brus-
at the Park Theatre, Aug. 5, 1833. The fol-
sels, and was professor of harmony and the
lowing is the original cast, as played in Paris,
pianoforte there until 1859, when he went
1825:
to Paris to reside. Works Kiitchen von :
Heilbronn, romantic opera iu three acts, Anna Mme Rigaut.

Konigsberg, 1845 ; Deborah, oratorio, 1836 ;
Gaveston M. Henri.
"
DA]\[E
Georges M. Ponchard. ber, freely adapted from Calderou's comedy,

Dickson M. Fei-c'ol. "La dama duende," music by Joachim Ealf,
Jeimy Mrue Boulauger. first represented at Weimar, April 9, 1870,
Marguerite Mine Desbrosses. ou the occasion of the fete of the Grand
Gabriel M. Belnie. Duchess.
Maclrtou M. Firmin. DAME KOBOLD, overture to Calderon's
comedy, " La dania duende," for orchestra,
Among the most popular numbers are : by Carl Reinecke, op. 51.
The inti-otluctory chorus, " Sounez, cors et DAME VOILEE, LA (The Veiled Lady),
musettes the opening song of Georges, opera- comique in one act, text by Segur,
;
"
" Ah quel plaisir dVitre sohlat " the ballad music by Mengozzi, represented at the
! ;
of the White Lady, " D'ici voyez ce beau Opora Comique, Paris, Nov. 28, 1799.
domaiue ;
" the romanza
iu the opening of DAMES CAPITAINES, LES (The Lady
act, "
dame opera-comique in three acts, text
;"'
the second Pauvre llarguerite Captains),
the trio, " C'est la cloche de la tourelle ;" by Mclesville, music by Reber, rejiresented
the tenor cavatina, " Viens, gentille dame at the Opera Comique, June 3, 1857.
; The
and iu the third act the chorus, " Chantez, action passes in the time of the Fronde,
joj'eus menestrels," leading up to the lay and the Duchesse de Chatillon is the he-
of the Clan of Avenel, the old ballad roine.
" Eobiu Adair." The same subject has been DAMM, FRIEDRICH, born in Dresden,
treated in La donna bianca dAvenello, Ital- March 7, 1831, still living, 1888. Pianist,
ian ojiera iu three acts, music by Pavesi, pupil of Kragen, Julius Otto, and Reichel ;
Milan, Nov. 13, 1830 and music by Cesare after living more than ten years iu diS'er-
;
Gallieri, Milan, Feb. 1, 1855. These at- ent cities of North Germany, and iu Amer-
tempts to improve upon Boieldieu were not ica, settled iu Dresden. He became known
successful.
Liszt, Gesammelte Schrifteu, chiefly through his brilliant compositions
m. 99. for pianoforte, while his more important
DAME DE LA
(The Queen of works, like sonatas, and contrapuntal works,
PIQUE,
Spades), ojJera-comique in three acts, text remain in manuscript. Mendel.
by Scribe, music by Halevy, first represented DAMMAS, HELLMUTH IvARL, born at
at the Opera Comique, Paris, Dec. 28, 1850. Bergen, island of Riigen, Oct. 22, 1816, still
Subject from a novel by the Russian poet living, 1888. Amateur composer, studied
Pushkin, translated by Prosper Mcrimee. nuisic at the Royal Institute for Church
The Princess Poloska possesses a secret by Music, and at the Academy of Arts in Ber-
means of which she is sure to win at plaj'. lin,where he began to teach the pianoforte,
Her lover. Lieutenant Constantin Nclidoff, but soon after entered the government ser-
wins through it a very large sum from his vice. He is also a poet, and well known as
rival, Colonel Ziziauoff, and with it the a writer of tales and novels under the pseu-
hand of the Princess. donym of Feodor Steifen. Works : Gomez
DAME DU LAC. See Donna del Lago. Arias, heroic opera (text by himself) Trauer-
;
DAME INVISIBLE, LA (The Invisible Cantate ; Crucifixus for 6 voices Vocal

;
Lady), ou L'amant a, I'epreuve (The Lover quartets, and duets ; songs with pianoforte.
opera in three acts, text bj' Moline Mendel.
tested),
and Loraux, music by Henri Berton, repre- DAMNATION DE FAUST, LA, dramatic
sented at the Comedie Italienne, Paris, Dec. legend in four parts, for full orchestra, solo
5, 1787. voices, and chorus, text by Hector Berlioz,
DAME KOBOLD (The Fairy Lady), Gerard, and Gandonniere, music by Hector
comic opera iu three acts, test by Paul Re- Berlioz, op. 24 first given at the Opera
;
DAMON
Comique, Paris, Dec. C, 1846. Although DAMON, DER (The Demon), fantastic
Berlioz bad had this work in his mind for opera in three acts, text by Viskovatoff,
several years, he did not begin to write it after Lermontoff's poem same title
of the
until 1846, when be was making a concert (Berlin, 1857), music by Anton Rubinstein,
tour through Austria and Huugarj\ Parts first represented in Russian at the Marie
of itwere composed in his post-chaise, on Theatre, St. Petersburg, Jan. 25, 1875. It
railways, on steamboats, in inns, wherever was given in German at Hamburg, 1880,
the inspiration seized him and after the and in Italian at Covent Garden, London,
;
outline was sketched he worked the whole June 21, 1881.

over again in Paris. The text makes many DAMON, WILLIAM, born in England
deviations from Goethe's jjoem, which about 1540, died early in the 17th cen-
brought down upon him the anger of the tury. An organist of Queen Elizabeth's
German critics. The parts are as follows chapel, he harmonized forty of the jjsalm :
I. Scene 1. Plaines de Hongrie 2. Faust tunes then in use, which were published
;
seul 3. Marche hongroise.

; II. Scene 1. with the following title " The Psalmes of :
Faust dans son cabinet de travail 2. David in English Meter with Notes of foure
;
Hymne de la fete de Paques 3. Cave de partes set vmto them by Guilielmo Damon,
;
Leipzig 4. Bosquets et prairies du bord for John Bull, to the use of the Godly
;
de I'Elbe. III. Scene 1. Faust dans la Christians for recreatyng themselves in stede
chambre de Marguerite 2. Le Eoi de of fond and unseemly Ballades. At London,
;
Thule 3. Marguerite seule 4. Devaut la printed by John Daye. Cum privilegio."

; ;
maison de Marguerite 5. Serenade de This collection not meeting with ijublic

;
Mephistopheles 6. Finale. IV. Scene 1. favour, Damon reharmonized the tunes and
;
Marguerite seule 2. Forets et eavernes 3. republished it in 1591

; "The former Booke ; :
La course a I'abime 4. Pandemonium .5. of the Musicke of M. William Damon, late

; ;
Ajjotheose de Marguerite. The most re- one of her Majesties Musitions, containing
markable numbers are the Marche hon- all the tunes of David's Psalms, as they are
groise or Rakoczy IMarch, in which is intro- ordinarily soung in the Church most ex- :
duced the famous Hungarian air of Franz cellently by him composed into four partes.
Eiikoczy the duet, " Ange adore dont la In which sett the Tenor singeth the Church
;
celeste image " the serenade of Mephis- tune."

; Fotis Grove Mendel. ; ;
topbeles Marguerite's song at the spin-

; DAISIROSCH, LEOPOLD, born in Ro-
ning-wheel the famous ride to the abyss sen, Prussia, Oct. 22, 1832, died in New
; ;
and in the finale, the chorus of celestial York, Feb. 15, 1885. Violinist and con-
spirits. The work was sung in Paris by ductor was graduated as M.D. from the ;
Roger, Hermann Leon, Henri, Mme Duflot- University of Berlin, but devoted all his lei-
Maillard, and two hundred musicians di- sure time to music, studying the violin un-
rected by the composer himself. It was der Conzertmeister Ries, and theory and
given in Vienna Ln 1866, with extraordinary compiositiou under Dehn and Buhmer.
success. Its first production in America After appearing as a solo violinist in sev-
was in Steinway Hall, New York, Feb. 12, eral German cities, and making a national
1880, under the direction of Dr. Leopold reputation, he went in 1855 to Weimar,
Damrosch, aided by the Symphony, Ora- where Liszt gave him the position of solo
torio, and Arion Societies.
Berlioz, Mem- violinist in the Grand Duke's orchestra, and
oires, 397 Ernst, L'<euvre dramatique de dedicated to him the second of his sym-
;
Hector Berlioz, 145 Jahu, Ges. Aufsatze phonic poems.; Wagner's friendship was
iiber Musik, 87 JuUien, Hector Berlioz, no less sincere, and a short time before the
;
149 ; Clement. composer's death he sent to Dr. Damrosch
390
;;
DAMSE
the MS. finale to the first act ot Parsifal. many labors, which greatly taxed his strength,
In 1859 Dr. Damrosoh began his career as he took a severe cold and died after a very
a conductor at the Philharmonic concerts brief illness. As one whose rare cultivation
in Breslau, but resigned after about a year and ability were always used for the purpose
and made a concert of raising the standard of musical taste, and
tour with von Billow who gave to the public so many of the best
and Tausig. In 1862 products of the art, his name occupies a
he returned to Breslau, most honorable position in the history of
and organized a Sj-m- music in America. His own compositions
phony society there indicate a thorough knowledge of instru-
witli an orchestra of mentation, and his musical ideas are both
eighty members; twelve refined and noble. Works Orchestral :
concerts were given Orchesterstiick, op. 9. in MS., 1859 Music ;
each season, and many to Schiller's Jeanne d'Arc, in MS., 1858 ;
of the celebrated artists Festival overture, op. 15, 18G8 ; Synipliony

of the day appeared at them, among others, in A, in MS., 1878 ; arrangement of Schu-
Eubinstein, von Billow, and Joachim both ;
bert'sMarche Militaire, in MS., 1875 ar- ;
Liszt and Wagner personally conducted on rangement of a Quintet by Schubert, in MS.,

various occasions. In 1871 he went to New 1877 ; Arion March, Independent 1882 ;
York to become the conductor of the Arion Schiltzeu-Marsch, 1882. and For solo violin
Society, and made Lis first public appear- orchestra Fantasie, in MS., 1856 Taran-
: ;
ance in that city, Maj' Gth, in the triple tella, in MS., 1856 Mazurka, in MS., 1859 ; ;
character of conductor, composer, and vi- Serenade, 1860 Eomanze, A major, 1865 ; ;
olinist.In 1873 he organized the Oratorio Fir.st concerto, D minor, 1874 Nachtge- ;
Society ofNew York, and in 1878 the Sym- sang, 1875 Capriccetto, 1876 Second con-
; ;
phony Society, the success of both of which certo, in MS., F-sharp, minor, 1877 Con- ;
was entirely due to his untiring efforts. In certo, G major, op. 8. For solo, chorus,
1880 the degree of Mus. Doc. was con- and orchestra Die lustigen Musikanten,
:
ferred on him by Columbia College. In in MS., 1872 Ruth and Naomi, 1874 ;
1881 he organized and conducted a Mu- Brautgesang, 1874 Thou who art God ;
sical Festival in New York, May 3-7, in alone, in MS., 1874 Battle hymn of Lex- ;
which the orchestra numbered 2.50 per- ington, in MS., 1875 Centennial cantata, ;
formers, the chorus 1,200 voices, and the in MS., 1876 Sulamith, The Song of Songs,
;
audiences 8,000 to 10,000. Among other 1881. For solo and orchestra Siegfried's :
notable compositions, Eubinstein's Tower Sword, 1868 King Harald Haarfager, in

;
of Babel, and Berlioz' Grande Messe des MS., 1868. Choral works And that they :
Morts, were given for the first time in know thy name Christmas Carol Laudate ; ;
America. In 1883 Dr. Damroseh made a Domiuum Te Deum laudamus Ring out,
: ;
successful tour with his orchestra through wild bells and others. Songs for male
;
the principal western cities. In 1884, at chorus Ausfahrt

: Eeichthum und Ehre ; ;
his suggestion, the directors of the Metro- Die Maulbi-onner Fuge Frilhlingsahnung ;
politan Opera House, New York, gave Ger- Maieunacht, and others. Duets Keiner :
man opera there during that season, during soil die Thiir' verriegeln Sie blasen zum Ab- ;
which Wagner's Tannhi'iuser, Lohengrin, marsch Diesen schmucken Ritter, Mutter

; ;
and Die Walkiire, were produced. At the So oft sie kam and others. Many Songs.
;
same time Dr. Damroseh continued his DAMSE, JOSEPH, born at Warsaw in
work as conductor of the Oratorio and S3m- 1788, died at Rudno, near War.saw, Dec.
phony Societies, and in the midst of these 15, 1852. He was for many years a j^rolific
DANA
composer of dram.atic and instramental DANAIDES, LES, tragic opera in five
music iu Poland and Kussia. He wrote 2G acts, text by the Bailli du Rollet and Tschu-
comic operas, 17 vaudevilles, more than 30 di, music by Salieri, first given at the
melodramas, 7 ballets, and much church Opera, Paris, April 26, 1784. Salieri worked
and military music. Principal works : at this opera under the supei'vision of Gluck,
Klarynecik magnetyczuy, ojêra, 1820 Noc- ; who had been asked by the Acadoraie de
leg V zamku, do., 1821 Kluska, do., 1822
; ;
Musique in Paris to suggest a composer
Dawne czasky, do., 1826 Przykaz, do., ; who could write a French opera in which
1837 Kontrabandzista, do., 1844. His jôl-
; his own jsrinciples should be carried out.
onaise. La soiree de Saiut-Sylvestre, was In its first twelve representations it was
very popular.
Fetis, Supplement, i. 229 ;
ascribed jointly to Gluck and Salieri, but
Mendel Sowinski, Mus. Polonais, 140.
; before the thirteenth Gluck announced pub-
DANA, (CHARLES) HENSHAW, born, licly that Salieri was the sole author. The
of American parentage, West Newton, in subject is the tragic story of the fifty daugh-
Massachusetts, Feb. 7, 1846, died iu Wor- ters of Danaus, who were compelled by
cester, Feb. 5, 1883. As a boy he studied their father to promise to kill their hus-
under George Kingsley, in Northampton, bands on the first night. On the same sub-
and afterward under Albert S. and Benja- ject are :Le Dauaidi, Italian opera, music
min D. Allen, in Worcester Avhen fifteen ; by Tarchi, given at Milan, Dec. 26, 1794 ;
he was organist in a local church, and he music by Morlacchi, Rome, 1810 and by ;
was then for a time a pupil of Otto Dresel, Simon Mayr, Rome, 1819. Danao, re d'
in Boston. In 1869 he went to Eurojje, Argo, Italian opera seria, two acts, music
and studied the pianoforte and harmony iu by Persiani, given at La Pergola, Florence,
Leipsic under Papperitz, and in Stuttgart 1827, and at Milan, Oct. 26, 1833. Le
four years with Lebert, Speidel, and Krii- Danaidi romane, music by Pavesi, Venice,
ger, with the last of whom he made his first 1816.
public appearance as a pianist iu Stuttgart. DANBY, JOHN, born in 1757, died in
He afterwards studied a winter under La- London, May 16, 1798. Between 1781 and
borde in Paris. In 1875 he returned to 1794 he obtained ten prizes from the Catch
America and appeared as pianist, with suc- Club for seven glees, two canons, and an
cess, at the annual session of the Worcester ode. He was organist of the chapel of the
County Musical Association. The seven re- Spanish Embassy, London, for which he
maining years of his life were jjassed in composed some motets and masses. He
teaching, composing, and conducting dur- ; published an elementary work La Guida :
ing this time he was organist and choir- alia Musica vocale (1787) and three books
;
master of St. Paul's (R. C.) Church in of his compositions another was issued
;
Worcester, and Jilso of the Jesuit Church after his death. His glee, Awake, .3iiolian
of the Immaculate Concepition in Boston. lyre, for four voices, is considered his best.
Among his compositions, which consist Grove ; Mendel.
mostly of songs and church choir music, are DANCLA, ARNALTD, born at Bagneres-
the following, Marguerite, 1867 Like a ; de-Bigorre (Hautes-Pyn'-nees), Jan. 1, 1820,
strain of wondrous music, 1870 Te Deum ; died there, Feb., 1862. Violoncellist and
in D, 1873 Among the Lilies, 1875 O Sal-
; ; composer, brother of the following ;
pupil of
utaris (E flat), 1876 Salve Regina, No. 1,
; Norblin, at the Conservatoire, Paris, where
1876, No. 2, 1879 The Sunmier Wind
; he obtained the second prize in 1839, and
(quartet), 1877 Ave Maria, 1877 O Salu-
; ; the first in 1840. AVorks Fantaisie for :
1878 The Lilies clustered fair and tall, violoncello on La Sircne by Auber Etudes
taris, ; ;
1881 Veni Creator, 1882 Edeuland, 1883. for do., op. 2

; : 2 books of duos for do. ; ;
;
DANCLA
Mi'lodies for do. ; Method for do. Another 1873), and " Miscellam'es musicales (ib.,
brothel', Leopold (boru June 1, 1823), is a 1877). Fetis do.. Supplement, i. 229 ; ;
distinguished violinist, pupil of Baillot at Mendel Riemanii. ;
the Conservatoire, where he took the sec- DANDRIEU (d'Andrieu), JEAN FRAN-
ond prize in 1840, and the first in 1842. Ij^'OIS, boru in Paris, in 1684, died there,
He has composed Airs varies and fantaisies Jan. 16, 1740. Organist at the churches
for violin, etudes for do., and three quartets of Saint-Merry and Saint-Barthelemy. His
for string instruments. Fetis. works, much esteemed among his contem-
DANCLA, JEAN BAPTISTE CHARLES, poraries, consist of three books of pieces
boru at Bagneres-de-Bigorre Dec. lit, 1818, for pianoforte, one book for organ, a suite
still living,in Paris, 1888. Violinist when of Noels, and sonatas for string instru-
;
ten years old he played Eode's seventh ments. FeHs Mendel Schilling. ; ;
concerto before that composer, who placed DANHAUSER, ADOLPHE LEOPOLD,

him in 1828 at the Paris Conservatoire, born in Paris, Feb. 26, 1835, still living,
where he was the pupil of Guerin and of 1888. Vocal comjôser, pupil at the Con-
Baillot. He won the first prize at the age servatoire of Bazin in harmony, of Halevy
of fifteen (1833), and was a member of the and Reber in fugue and composition won ;
orchestra of the Opera Comiqae in 1834, the first prizes for harmony and fugue, and
meanwhile studying harmonj', counterpoint, in 1862 the second prix de Rome. He de-
and fugue under Hak'vy, and composition voted himself early to teaching, and is now
under Berton. He took the prize for fugue jjrofessor of solfege at the Conservatoire.
in 1837, the 2d gi\and prix de Rome in In 1875 he was .appointed inspector of vocal
1838, and became professor of the violin at instruction in the schools of Paris. Works :
the Conservatoire in 1857, and member of Maures et Castillans, opera Le proscrit, I

;
the Legion of Honour. Li 1847 and in 1848 musical drama with chorus, given at Au- '
he was awarded by the ministry of Public teuil, 1866 Soirees orpheoniques, collec- ;
Instruction the 1st gold medal for musical tion of twelve choruses for three voices ;
compositions for the use of primarj- schools Songs. Fetis, Supplement, i. 230. ;
in 1857, the first prize by the Sainte-Ct'cile DANIC.4.N. See PhiUdor.
Society of Bordeaux, for a quartet for string DANIEL, JOHN, born at Aberdeen, Scot-
instruments in 1858 the first prize of the land, in 1803, died in New York, June 21,
;
Imperial Society of Agriculture, at Valen- 1881. In 1840 he removed to America and

ciennes, for the Hymn to Agriculture, male settled as a teacher of vocal and instru-
chorus without accompaniment and in 18G1 mental music in New York, where he
;
the prize given by the Academic and the gained reputation as a teacher and had as
Institut for quartet and chamber music pupils members of many of the best known
(1861). Works : Four symphonies, op. 6, families of the time. Works : National Psal-
10, 29, 98 ; 6 concertos for violin and or- mody of Church of Scotland, with selec-
the
chestra, op. 77, 93, 94, 95 ; 8 quartets for tion of pieces from the most eminent Com-
string instruments, op. 5, posers, for Organ, Pianoforte, etc. (1837)
7, 18, 41, 48, 56,
80, 87 ; 30 duos for 2d Edition (1843) also, jjart-songs, songs,
4 trios for pianoforte ; ;
pianoforte and violin 14 works of duos for and pianoforte music.

;
two violins Methode elementaire et pro-

; DANILOWA, opera-comique in three
gressive du violon L'Ecole de I'expression, acts, text by Vial and Duport, music by
;
op. 82 ; L'Ecole de la melodie, op. 129 ;

Adolphe Adam, represented at the Opera
L'Art de raoduler sur violon (with Panse- Comique, Paris, April 23, 1830.
le
ron). He was the author also of " Les :(Dankerts), DANKERS GHISILIN,
Compositeurs chefs d'orchestre " (Paris, born at Tholen, Zeeland, lived in the 16th
;
DANK
century. A singer in the Papal choir under singer and choral leader. His best work
Popes Paul in., Marcellus Jl., Paul IV., and has been in the line of sacred music many ;
Pius rV. he was one of the conservative

; of his comj)ositions for the choir being ex-
musicians of that time who adhered strictly tensively used in America.
His first com-
to the teachings of the old Netherland position was the hymn-tune,
Lake Street,
school he gained celebrity by being chosen
; piublished afterward, in 1858, in William B.
with Bartolomc Escobedo as umpire, in Bradbur}''s book Jubilee in 1856 he jsub- ;
1551, in the dispute between two ecclesi- lislied two songs. The Old Lane, and Anna
astical musicians, Vicentino and Lusitano, Lee. Since then he has produced each
upon the nature of the scales on which the j'ear from one to eighty-eight pieces, his
music of their time was constructed. He published works numbering at present
defended his verdict against Vicentino in more than twelve hundred. Many of his
a learned and exhaustive treatise, the MS. pieces have been brought out over the
of which is preserved in the Vatican Library. j)seudonyms of Arthur Dana, H. Leighton,
Works Eight-part motet, Lretamini in Do- George Randall, Charles Dupont, and others.
:
mino, included in Uhlaud's Coucentus octo The following are some of his better known
. . .vocum (Augsburg, 151:5) Six-part compositions Don't be angry with me,
; :
motet, Tua est potentia, in the Selectissima; darling, song (1870) Pauline, operetta ;
cantiones ultra centum (Augsburg, 1540) (1872) Silver threads among the gold, song
;
2 books of madrigals for four, five, and six (1872, had a sale of more than 400,000
voices (Venice, 1559).
Ft'tis Mendel Eie- copies in America alone)
; ; Not ashamed of ;
mann ; Viotta. Christ, solo (1873). Also a number of An-

DANK SEI DIR, GOTT,
chorus of them and church-service books, the more
final
the first part of Mendelssohn's Elias. important being. The Diamond Collection,
DANKS, HART PEASE, born, of Amer- Festival Anthems, 1885 Ideal Anthems, ;
ican parentage, in New Haven, Connecticut, 1886 Danks's Canticles, 1887. ;
April 6, 18.34, still living, 1888. He stud- DANNREUTHER, EDUARD, born in

ied music under Dr. L. E. "Whiting, of Sar- Strasburg, Nov. 4, 1844, still living, 1888.
atoga, N. Y., and in 1854 was settled in He was taken, in 1849, by his parents to
Chicago as choir-leader, and conductor of Cincinnati, United States, where he was a
choral societies. He was afterwards di- pupil of P. L. Ritter, then studied in the
rector of music at St. Mary's (E. C.) Church Leipsic Conservatorium under Moscheles,
in that city in 1864 he removed to New Haujitmann, and Richter, from 1859 to
;
York, where he has since resided. He has 1863, when he settled in London as a
filled the positions of bass singer and mu- teacher of the pianoforte. In 1872 he
sical director in the following churches in founded the Wagner Society, and conduct-
New York Zion Church, Church of the In- ed its tw'O series of concerts in 1873 and
:
carnation, St. Stej)hen's Church in Brook- 1874 he also promoted the Wagner Fes-
; ;
lyn, Holy Trinity, First Baptist Church, tival in 1877. Although the champion of
Lafayette Avenue Church, Wagner, he is not entirely devoted to the
Presbyterian
Second Unitarian Church, and Ross Street new school, but is also an able interpreter
Presbyterian Church in Jersey City, St. of the works of Bach and Beethoven. He
;
Matthew's Church he has also appeared has composed pianoforte music and songs,
;
as a concert singer. As a composer he is and is the author of " Richard Wagner, his
self-taught, and what success he has had as Tendencies and Theories " (London, 1873),
a writer of popular music is largely due to of papers on Wagner, Beethoven, etc., and
the production of effects that have been of articles in Grove's Dictionary of Music.
suggested in his jjractical experience as a He has made several visits to the United
j
DAX:sKTU()M
States, where he is kuown as a pianoforte fifteen. The band was transferred, in 1798,
player of much abihtj'. Grove ; Meudel, to Munich, where he produced his first
Erganz., 75 ; Riemaini, 192. opera, Azakia, in
DANNSTROM, JOHAN, Swedish com- 1780. In 1790 he
poser, contemporary. He Hves in Stockholm married Margarethe
as a vocal teacher has composed operas Marchand, a singer,
;
and operettas, but especiallj' numerous lyric and with her made a
songs, full of true sentiment, which next to professional tour of
those of Liudblad are the most popular in six years. He re-
Sweden. turned to JMunich in
DANN WERDEN DIE GERECHTEN 1797, and was succes-
LEUCHTEN, tenor air in A-flat in Mendels- sively Vice-Kapell-
sohn's Elia.% Part 11. meister at the Elec-
DANRf:MONT REQUIEM. toral Chaisel, Kapellmeister to the King of
Sec 3Ie.-<se
des Morts. Wiirtemberg, at Stuttgart (1807), and Kapell-

DANS LES BOIS (In the Woods) seven meister at the court of Baden, at Carlsruhe,
;
reveries for the pianoforte, by Stephen Hel- where he remained until his death. Works
ler, op. 8C.
Operas Cleopatra, given at Mannheim in :
DANS LA NUIT OU SEUL JE VEILLE. 1779 Azakia, ojaeretta, Munich, 1780 Der ; ;
See Huguenots. Triumph der Treue, ib., 1781 Die Sylphe, ;
DANS SON REGARD PLUS S0:MBRE. ib., 1782 Der Kuss, ib., 1799 Die Mitter- ; ;
See Hamhi. nacht Stunde, ib., 1801 Der Quasimann, ;
DANSE macabre, la (Dance Macaber, operetta, ib. Elbondokaui, do. Iphigenia ; ;
or Dance of Death), sjmphonic poem, for in Aulis, grand opera, Munich, 1807 !Mal- ;
full orchestra, by Camille Saint-Saens, op. vina, Turandot, Carlsruhe, about 1815 ;
40. Played frequently iu New York by Abraham auf Moria, oratorio, Stuttgart,
Thomas's Orchestra iu 1884-88. 1808 Das Freudenfest, cantata for four
;
DANTE ET BEATRICE, lyrical drama voices and orchestra ; Preis Gottes, cantata,
in four acts, text by Eduard Blau, music by Leipsic, 1804. He composed
also masses
Benjamin Godard, first represented at the for four voicesand organ the 128th psalm ;
Opc'ra Comique, Pari.s, in 1888. Deals for four voices and orchestra, op. 65 or- ;
with the war between Guelphs and Ghibel- chestral and chamber music, consisting of
lines, and makes Dante a young and active symphonies, quintets, concertos, sonatas,
participant. etc.;and many songs and choruses. He ex-
DANTE SYMPHONY. See Si/mphonie celled as a teacher of singing, and his sing-
zu Dautes Diviua Commedia. iujx exercises were used long after his
DANZA, LA (The Dance), cantata for two death. All em. d. Biog iv. 755; Allg. ,
voices, textby Metastasio, music by Bonno, mus. Zeit g., xxviii. 581 Ft'tis ; Mendel ;
given in Vienna, in 1744. Characters rep- Riemann Schilling. ;
resented : Nice, Tirsi. DAPHNE. See Dafne.

DANZI, FRANZ, born in Mannheim, DAPHNIS ET CHLOi:, pastorale, text
May 15, 1763, died in Carlsruhe, April 13, by Laujon, music by Boismortier, repre-
1826. Dramatic composer and violoncellist, sented at the Academie Royale de Mu-
pupil of his father, who was first violoncel- sique, Paris, Sept. 28, 1747. The libretto
list to the Elector Palatine, and in composi- is founded on the pastoral romance of
tion of the Abbc' Vogler. He wrote music Longus, the Greek sophist (about a.d. 400),
for his instrument when twelve years old, entitled "The Pastorals of Daphnis and
and was admitted to the Elector's band at Chloe." Daphnis ct Chloe, operetta in one
89B
: .
DAKCIEIi
act, textby Clairville, music by Offenbach, whose daughter he married. Dardanus,

is a parody on the same romance. lyric tragedy, by La Bruyere, with
text
DAECIER, JOSEPH, born in Paris in changes by Guillard, music by Sacchini,
1820, died there, December, 1883. Singer represented at the Opera, Paris, Nov. 30,
and dramatic composer he played small
;
1784. The scenes in this are more devel-
parts in the theatres in the environs of oped than in the work by Rameau, and the
Paris while studying music (18i2-181;6), movements are more pathetic. Dardane,
and chansons Larmes d'a- Italian opera seria in three acts, music by
wi-ote his first :
mour, Le premier du roi, Apres la bataille, Paisiello, given in Naples. 1772. Dardanus
Les gabiers, Aux armes, etc while giving Sieg, German opera, music by Stamitz, St.
,
singing lessons. About 1848 he made a Petersburg, about 1770.

reputation by siuging political songs at DARG0]HY2SKY, ALEXANDER SER-
popular concerts and cafes chantants, siug- GEEVITCH, born in the government of
ing Dupont's Les boeufs, Les louis d'or, and Toula, Russia, Feb. 2, 1813, died in St.
Du pain, in which he stirred up so much Petersburg, Jan. 29, 1869. A noble who
feeling that the police forbade it. He also manifested a talent for music so early that
sang many of his own compositions, of he composed little sonatas for the pianoforte
which Le bataillon de la Moselle, and La at the age of seven. He was taken to St.
31ieme demi-brigade, were very popular. Petersburg in 1817 by his parents to study
Among his best compositions are Les music, and he afterwards studied the violin,
:
doublons de ma ceiuture, Madeleine, Le harmony, and composition under Schober-

chemiu du moulin, Toutes les femmes c'est lechner. In 1830 he appeared as a pianist
des trompeuses. La mere Providence, L'ami in St. Petersburg, and in 1831 he received
soleil, and Le chevalier priutemps. When a state appointment in the Emperor's house-
Offenbach opened the Bouffes Parisiens, in hold, but gave it up in 1835, and devoted
'
185.5, Darcier appeared in Une uuit blanche, himself to hard study for eight years. In
and in 1857 in Le violoneux. He sang also 1845 he visited Germany, Brussels, and
at the Beauraarchais in Les compaguons Paris, and in 1847 produced in Moscow his
du tour de France, and brought out some opera, Esmeralda (written in 1839), which
|
operas of his own at the Folies Nouvelles met with a brilliant success both there and
Les doublons de ma ceiuture, fi-om his song in St. Petersburg, where it was rejiroduced.
of that name Le roi de la Gaudriole, Por- Between 1850 and 1855 he published more
;
nic le hibou, 1858. These were not as suc- than a hundred romances, airs, duos,
cessful as his songs, and he has since com- waltzes, fantaisies, etc. In 1856 he pro-
posed but one operetta, Ah le divorce, duced in St. Petersburg his most success-
!
1874, and the music of a vaudeville, Ces ful ojjera, Busnalha, which still keeps the
petites dames du Temple, 1875.
Fetis, Sup- stage, and in 1867, at Moscow, The Feast
plrment, i. 234 Larousse.
; of Bacchus, ballet with song (written in
DARDANUS, tragic opera in five acts, 1845) his posthumous opera Kamenoi Gost
;
text by La Bruyore, music by Rameau, first (The Marble Guest, or Don Juan), scored
represented at the Acadt'mie
Royale de Musique, Paris,
NoV. 19, 1739. The libretto
is founded on a passage of
the " Jiineid " in which Dar-

danus is said to have estab-
lished himself in Phrygia, and to have built by Rimsky-Korsakov, and with a postlude
the city of Troy with the aid of Teucer, by Cui, was given in St. Petersbui-g in
896
;
DARONDEAUX
1872. A Finnish fantasy, Baba laza, Koz- is expressed in music. Catarina was sung
aczek (Cossak Dance), and other orchestra by Miss Rainsforth, Adolph by Mr. Har-
music, and Le Paladin, a romance. In rison, Moncenigo by Mr. Weiss, Andrea by
18G7 the Eussian Musical Society made him Mr. Borraui, and the King by Mr. Burdini.
its president, and his house became the Barrett, Balfe, 166.
gathering ^jlace of the young Russian DAUPRAT, LOUIS FRAN(;OIS, born in
school of musicians who followed Schu- Paris, May 24, 1781, died there, ivXy 16,

mann, Berlioz, Wagner, and Liszt. Fetis 1868. Cornet player, pupil of Kenn at the
;
do., SuppKmeut, i. 234 Mendel Rie- Institut National de Musique, afterwards

; ;
mann. the Conservatoire. In 1799 he became a

DARONDEAUX, HENRI, born in Strass- member of the band of the Consular guards,
burg, Feb. 28, 1779, died in Paris, July 30, and in 1800 went through the campaign in
18G5. Pianist, dramatic composer, son of Italy. In 1801 he played in the orches-
Beuoni Darondeaus (singing teacher, and tra of the Theatre Montansier, Paris, and
composer of the music of the opera, Le sol- studied harmony under Catel at the Con-
dat par amour. Opera Coniique, 1789), pupil servatoire, and composition under Gossec.
at the Conservatoire, Paris, of Ladurner on He played in the theatre of Bordeaux iu
the pianoforte, and of Berton iu harmony. 1806-08, when he was recalled to Paris by
He was for a long time connected with the the administration of the Opera as solo
Theatre des Varietcs, for which he arranged cornet, a position which he held until 1831,
. music.
Works Ballets Acis et Galatee, when he retired. He became honorary
:
given at the Opera, 1806 and Les deux Cre- member of Napoleon's Chapel in 1811, suc-
;
oles Jenny, ou Le mariage secret

;
Rosine ceeded Domnich in the royal chapel under
;
et Lorenzo ; Les sauvages de la Floride ; La Louis XVni. in 1816, and was made pro-
chatte merveilleuse ; Pizarro, all brought fessor of the cornet at the Conservatoire in
out at the Theatre de la Porte-Saint-JIartin. the same year. Among his pupils were
He wrote many airs for vaudevilles, which Gallay, who succeeded him at the Conser-
became very popular, such as : En amour vatoire, Rousselot, Norbert, Meric, Banneux,
comme en amitie Retour de la sentinelle, Bernard, Jacqmin, and Meifred. Works
;
:
etc. and published pianoforte music, sona- Concerto for horn and orchestra, op. 1 So-
;
;
tas, fantaisies, etc. Fetis

do.. Supple- nata for pianoforte and horn, op. 2 Many
; ;
ment, i. 237; Mendel. other concertos and sonatas, symphonies,

DAS FEUER FIEL HERAB, chorus overtures, quintets, sextets, duos, etc., a
with figured choral iu Mendelssohn's Elias, given by Fetis. He was the
list of which is
Part I. author of several theoretical works, and of a

DAS SCHONE FEST. See MeUlersing- Methode pour cor alto et cor basse, in
er von Niirnberg. three parts, one of the best manuals pub-
DAUC4HTER OF GODS, BRIGHT lished.' Fetis ; Mendel ; Riemann.
LIBERTY, soprano air in B-flat, of lide, iu DAUSSOIGNE MEHUL, JOSEPH, born
Handel's Hercules, Part I. at Givet (Ardennes), June 24, 1790, died
DAUGHTER OF ST. MARK, THE, Eng- at Liege, March 10, 1875. Dramatic com-
lish opera, text by Alfred Bnnn, music by poser, pupil at the Paris Conservatoire
Balfe, represented at Drury Lane, London, studied the pianoforte under Adam in
Nov. 27, 1844. The heroine is Catarina Cor- 1799, composition under his uncle ^Nlehul,
naro. Queen of Cyprus. The libretto is an harmony under Catel. He won the 2d
adaptation of La Udne de Cliypre, by Saint- grand prix de Rome iu 1807, and the 1st
Georges, music by Hah'vy. It was the first grand prix in 1809. After his return from
of Balfe 's operas in which the entire action Rome he wrote several operas, but as they
3!J7
; ;
DAUTKESME
were unsuccessful, he gave up dramatic called comedie a ai-iette. Les troqueurs
coiujjosition and resigned his position at was more like the Italian intermezzo with
the Conservatoire, in 1827, to accejit the spoken dialogue instead of recitative, and
direction of the Conservatoire at Liege. ojjened a new field for French composers,
He was a member of the Eoj-al Academy and had great success. He bought the ap-
of Belgium, chevalier of the Legion of Hon- pointment of composer to the king in 1755,
our, and correspondent of the Institut de and also the succession to the post of cham-
France.
Works Operas Kobert Guis- ber-musician, and had to resign his place
:
card Le faux inqviisiteur (1817) Le testa- at the OiJura.

; ; Mondonville gave up the
ment (1818) Les amants corsaires (1819) Concerts Sjjirituels in 1762, and Dauvergne
;
Aspasie, given at the Oisera, 1820 Les took his place and he was conductor of
; ;
deux Salem, ib., 1824 Cantata for grand the Opera from 1751 to 1755, director in
;
orchestra, Liege, 1828 Une journee de la 1776, 1777, 1780 to 1782, and from 1785 to
;
revolution, symphony with choruses, Brus- 1790. He was also superintendent of the
sels, 18151:. Fetis; do., Sui^plemeut, i. 238; king's music, and chevalier of the order of
Mendel Eiemann.
; Saint-Michel in 1786. At the outbreak of
DAUTEESilE, AUGUSTE LUCIEN, the Eevolution he left Paris and retired to
born at Elbeuf (Seine-Inferieure), May 21, Lj'ons. Works Operas
Les amours de :
1826, still living, 1888. Dramatic composer, Tempe, ballet, given at the OiJcra, 1752 ;
pupil of Autoine Neukomm on the piano- Les troqueurs. Opera Comique, 1753 La ;
forte, of Amcdee Mereaus in harmony, coquette trompoe, at court, 1753 Enee et ;
counterjôint and fugue, and profited much Lavinie, Opera, 1758 Les fetes d'Euterjje, ;
by the advice of Mej'erbeer. He was presi- Canente, 1760 Hercule mourant, 1761
;
dent of the musical committee which cele- Pyrrhus et Polyxene, 1764 La Venitienne, ;
brated the centenary of Boieldieu in 1875. 1708 Persee (with Eebel, Francceur and
;
Medal of honor from Eouen Academy, 1802. de Burj-, at court, 1770 Le prix de la va- ;

Works Operas: Sous les charniilles, comic leur, 1770 Callirhoe, 1773 Linus (with
; ;
opera, given at the Theati'e Lyrique, 1862 Trial and Berton)

;
La tour enchantee ;
Le bon temps, musical drama, Paris and Orphee. The last three were never played.
Eouen, 1803 Cardillac, Theatre Lyrique, He wrote also the music of fifteen motets
;
1867. Fetis, Supplement, i. 230 Mendel, played at the Concerts Spirituels Book of
; ;
Ergilnz., 76. trios for two violins and basso, published

D-AmÊEGNE, ANTOINE, born at in 1740 Book of sonatas for the violin 2
; ;
Clermont-Ferrand, Oct. 4, 1713, died in books of symphonies, in four parts (1750).

Lyons, Feb. 12, 1797. Violinist and dra- Grove Mendel Fetis. ; ;
matic composer. Son and pupil of a clever DAVAUX, JEAN BAPTISTE, born at the
violinist who was leader of the band at Cote Saint-Andre (Isere) in 1737, died in
Clermont. In 1739 he went to Paris, where Paris, Feb. 22, 1822. Violinist, acquired
he plaj'ed in the Concerts Spirituels in 1740, early j)roficiency in music, and at the age
and became violinist of the king's band in of twenty-three went to Paris, where he
1741, and of the Opera in 1742. He was soon obtained success as a composer. After
forty years old when he first began com- the revolution he held a position in the
posing for the stage. His first work was ministry of war, and was pensioned in 1815.
a ballet Les amours de Tempe, 1752. His Works
: 6 quartets, op. 1
: do., op. do., ; ;
opera-comique, Les troqueurs, attracted op. 9 do., op. 10

; Four concertos, op. 2 ;
;
notice in 1753, for uj) to that time what is Symphonies concertantes for two violins,
now opera-comique had been merely a op. 3 and 4 2 do. for violin, op. 7 3 sym- ; ;
vaudeville with music introduced, and was phonies for grand orchestra, op. 8 2 sym- ;
398
DAVID
plioiiies, op. 11 ; 2 do. coneertantes for two also he held for only one year, during which
violins and tlute, op. 12 ; 2 do. for two vio- he wrote some church music, among other
lins, op.13 3 quartets, o-p. 14 do., op. 17
; ; ;
things a " Beatus vir," which Cherubini
3 trios for two violins and viola, op. 15 ;
afterwards praised highly. In 1830 he went
Synijjlionie concertaute for two violins, op. to Paris to complete his musical education,
16 ; Concerto for violin, op. 18. Fctis. his uncle giving him a moderate allow-
DAVID, oratorio, by Sigismund Neu- ance. He entered the Conservatoire, study-
komm, written for the Birmingliam (Eng- ing harmony under Millot and Eeber, and
land) Festival, 1834 counterpoint and fugue under Fi'tis. In
DAVID, biblical ofjera in three acts, text 1831 David joined the Saint-Simouiens,
by Alexandre Soumet and F. Malletille, mu- and lived for some time at the convent
sic by Auguste Mermet, represented at the presided over by Pere Eufantin, writing
Acadt'niie Royale de Musique, Paris, June 3, music for the hymns of the brotherhood.
1840. The libretto is an adaptation of the When the latter was dissolved in 1833,
tragedy of Saiil by Soumet, previously pro- David went to Marseilles and thence to
duced at the Odcon. Davide, Italian opera, the East, where he stayed several years,
text by Apostolo Zeno, music by Francesco visiting Constantinople, Smyrna, Egypt,
Conti, given in Vienna, 1724 and music and Palestine. He always had a pianoforte
;
by Liverati, same text, Vienna, 1802. with him, the gift of an admiring maker
DAVID, FELICIEN, born at Cadenet, at Lyons. Soon after his return to Paris,
France, April 13, in 1835, he j)ublished a set of Melodies
1810, died at Saint- orientales for a work which
pianoforte,
Germain -en - Lay e, met with undeserved neglect. Disaiîiointed
Aug. 29, 18 70. at this failure, David retired to the neigh-
The son of an ac- borhood of Igny. A good deal of orches-
complished ama- tral and chamber music and several songs
teur, he began to belong to this period. In 1841 he again

show musical tal- moved to Paris, and in 1844 brought out
ent at a very early his Le Desert, which has ever since been
age. About 18 K! his most successful work. This was fol-
or 1817 his family lowed in 1846 by Moise au Sinai, an ora-
moved where he entered the Mai- torio written during a concert trip to Ger-
to Aix,
trise (school) du Saint-Sauveur, and became many, and next year by the descrijjtive
a chorister at the cathedral. Even at this symphony, Christophe Colomb Eden, a ;
early j)eriod he wrote hymns and motets Mystery, was given at the Opera in 1848,
;
a string quartet, written at the age of thir- but none of these three works was suc-
teen, is preserved at the maitrise. In 1825 cessful. David's first genuine success after
he entered the Jesuit college at Aix, con- the Desert was the opcra-comique. La perle
tinuing his musical studies, and acquiring du Br6sil (1851). This was followed by
some proficiency on the violin. At this other more or less successful operas until
period he also develojjed an astonishing 1865, when David withdrew from the stage.
musical memory. When he left college, in In 1860, he received a pension of 2,400
1828, want of means forced him to enter his francs from the Emperor, in 1862 he was
brother-in-law's law olSce, but soon after- promoted to the grade of oflicer of the
wards he was appointed second conductor Legion of Honour, and in 1807 the Academic
at the Aix Theatre, which post he held for des Beaux-Arts awarded him the prize of
a year, when, in 182!), he was made maitre 20,000 francs oft'ered by the Emperor " for
de chapelle at the Saint-Sauveur. This post the work or discovery most calculated to
;;
11 AVID
honour the country, and produced during- Les mina-
tion of melodies for pianoforte ;
the last ten years." David had two prom- Les perles d'Ori-
rets, 3 melodies for do. ;
inent competitors, Charles Blanc, with his ent, 6 melodies for voice and pianoforte
" Grammaire des arts du dessin," and the Many detached melodies and romances.
architect Labrouste, who had restored the
Sylvain Saint-Etienue, Biog. de Felicien
Imperial Library. The work which ob- David (Marseilles, 1845) Azevedo, Felic. ;
tained the prize for David, by a vote of GO David, sa vie et son oeuvre (Paris, 1863)
out of 104, was the opera Herculanum. In Clement, Mus. celebres, 533 Fetis do., ; ;
18G9 David succeeded Berlioz at the Aca- Supplement, i. 240 Mendel Eiemann. ; ;
demie des Beaux-Arts, and as librarian at DAVID, FERDINAND, born at Ham-

the Conservatoire. Since his death several burg, Germany, Jan.
of his works, notably Le desert, Lalla 19, 1810, died at
Roukli, and some string quartets, have been Klosters, Switzer-
revived in Paris with much success. David land, July 18, 1873.
was certainly one of the most genial of Violinist, ytwpW at
modern French composers his genius was ; Cassel of Spohr in
rather of the dreamy, contemplative, and 1823-26, and while
imaginative stamp, refined and elegant, but still a boy, made sev-
almost wholly lacking in dramatic power. eral concert tours
His mastery of the orchestra was complete, with his pianist sis-
and his power of musical characterization ter, Louise, after-

(tone-painting, as it is now called) especially wards famous as Mme Dulcken. He then
astounding. His sojourn in the East had a played in the orchestra of the KOnigstiidter
strong determining influence upon the char- Theater, Berlin, for three yeai-s, led a string
acter of his musical thought his local colour ; quartet in Dorpat, Russia, for an amateur,
is surprisingly true whenever he deals with Liphardt, whose daughter became later his
oriental subjects. Like Berlioz, he was a wife. During his stay in Russia he gave
little in advance of the musical taste in concerts in Moscow, Riga, and St. Peters-
France in his time, and he can divide with burg. In 1835 he returned to German}',
that composer the honor of founding the and the next year was appointed Conzert-
modern French descriptive orchestral school. meister of the city, opera, and Gewandhaus

Works Operas La perle du Bresil, given
: orchestra of Leipsic, an office he honorably
at the Theatre Lyrique, 1857 Herculanum, ; filled until his death. When the Leipsic
Opera, 1859 Lalla Koukh, Opera Comique,
; Conservatorium was founded, he became
1862 Le Saphir, ib., 1865 La captive, not
; ; its professor of the violin, and among his pu-
performed. Le desert, ode-symphony, 1844 ;

pils were Joachim and Wilhelmj. He was
Christophe Colomb, do., 1847 Mfdise au ; an intimate friend of Mendelssohn, and for
Sinai, oratorio, 1846 JJEden, mystery in
; years his influence was great in the musical
two parts, Opera, 1848 Symphony in F ; ;
circles of Leipsic. Though eminent as a vir-
2 nonets for wind instruments Les quatre ; tuoso, he was especially noted as a quartet-
saisons, 24 quintets for 2 violins, viola, player, and as a leading first violin he had
a rare gift of inspiring his orchestra. His
compositions are valuable, and he has fur-
ther done good service by editing manj' for-
gotten classics from the violin literature of
former centuries. Works 5 violin concer- :
violoncello, and double bass 12 melodies tos Variations, capriccios, rondos, and other
; ;
for violoncello Les brises d'Orient, coUec- violin music 2 symphonies Bunle Reihe,
; ; ;
400
'^mv^Kc
DAVID
pieces for ijianoforte ami violin, fraiiscribetl
Opt'ra Comique, 1868 La foe dcs Bru- ;
for jnanoforte by Liszt Violinscliule, cue yeres La gageure, Une Dragonnade, L'tdu-
;
;
of the best instruction books Hans Wacbt, cjtion d'un prince Absalon Les chan-
;
; ;
an opera a sextet, quartet, and other cham- geur.s, Tu I'as voulu, operetta, BoutFes Pari-
;
ber music Die hohe Schule des Violin- siens, 1869 Le bien d'aiitrui, do., 1869
;
;
;
spiels, the works of 17th and IStli cen- Un caprice de Ninon, do., 1871 I Macca- ;
tury masters. La !Mara (Marie Lipsius) bei, grand Italian opera. He wrote four
gives a list of fifty works with ojius uum- symphonies, choruses, and some vocal mel-
odies, of which Le gui'. Si j'l'tais seigneur,
A Conchita, Sonnet, Le soutien, Chantez
encore, Le souvenir, are the most popular.
Fetis, Supi^lement, i. 241 ; Mendel, Er-
giinz., 77 Riemanu.
;
DAVIDDE PENITENTE, ItaUan cantata

for three solo voices, chorus,
and orchestra,
ber, besides the editions of other composers. by Mozart, compiled from his mass in C
Grove Allgem. d. Biogr., iv. 784 Eck- minor, composed 1783, and two concert
; ;
ardt, r. David u. die Familie Mendelssohn arias, composed 1785 first performed in ;
(Leipsic, 1888) Fetis, ii. 440

; Sup., i. 239 the Burg Theater, Vienna, at the concert for
; ;
Mendel do., Ergiiuz., 77 Wasielewski, the pension fund of musicians' wido\vs,

; ;
Die Violine, 339 Hart, The Violin, 433 March 13 and 17, 1785. The solo singers
; ;
La Mara, jMus. Studienkopfe, iii. 53 Mus. were Friiulein Cavalieri, Fraulein Distler,
;
Wocheublatt, iv. 513. and Herr Adamberger. The cantata, which

DAVID, S.\j\roEL, born in Paris, Nov. comprises ten numbers, is one of the best
12, 183(5, still living, 1888. Dramatic com- examples of Mozart's church style. Pub-
poser, pupil at the Conservatoire, where he lished by Breitkopf & Hiirtel (Leipsic), Mo-
took the first prize in solfcge in 1850 pu- zarts Werke, Cantaten und Oratorien, No.
;
pil of Bazin in harmony and accompani- 5. Jahn, iii. 395 KOchel, 374 Upton, ; ;
ment, winning the second j)rize in 1853 and Standard Cantatas, 274.
the first in 1854 and pupil of Halcvj' in
; DAVIDOFF, KARL, born at Goldiugen,
fugue, taking the first iM'ize in 1855. He Courland, March 15,
was director of singing at the Theatre Ly- 1838, still living,
rique in 1856, won the grand prix de Rome 1888. Violoncellist,
at the lustitut in 1858, for his cantata pupil of H. Schmitt
Jephti', and in the same year the gold at Moscow, where he
medal for the cantata Le genie de course in
la terre, took the
written for the International Orj)heonic Fes- mathematics at the
tival of 1859,and sung by six thou.sand University in 1854-
voices. On from Rome in 1861, 58. Having studied
his return
he became i^rofessor at the college of Sainte- the violoncello under
Barbe, and wrote a theoretical and practical Schuberth, of St. Petersburg, and harmony
work: " LArt de jouer en mesure," pub- under Hauptmann, at Leipsic, he made his
lished in 1862. In 1872 he was made di- first appearance there in a Gewaudbaus
rector general of music to the Jewish concert, Dec. 15, 1859, and was immedi-
synagogues of Paris. Works La peau ately appointed first violoncellist of the Ge-
:
de Fours, operetta, given at the Folies wandhaus orchestra and professor at the
Nouvelles, 1857 Les chevaliers du poig- Leipsic Couservatorium. In 1862 he was
:
nard, Mademoiselle Sylvia, given at the made solo violoncellist to the Emijeror of
401
DAYIDSEtrXDLER
Russia aud iu the orchestra of the new Rus- sonata, op. G ; Tarantella, op. 7 ; 3 sketches,
sian music society, and was also engaged as op. 8 ; Romance, oj). 11 ; Songs.
professor in the St. Petersburg Conserva- DAVY, JOHN, born at Upton Helion,
tory, of which he became director iu 187G. near Exeter, Eugland, in 17G5, died in Lon-
He has jshij-ed in the chief cities of Russia, don, Feb. 22, 1824. Dramatic composer,
Germany, Hohand, aud Belgium, as well as articled in 1777 to Jackson, of Exeter, aud
iu London and Paris, aud rauks very high after teaching in that city several years,
as a virtuoso. Order of Vladimir, 1879. went to London, where he played the violin
Works Concertos, a ballad, aud a song within the orchestra of Covent Garden Theatre,
:
out words for the violoncello Songs Piano- and taught music. He composed the music
; ;
forte music.
Grove Fetis, Sufjplement, i. for the following dramatic jiieces What a
; :
2-42 Mendel, iii. 83 do., Ergiinz., 78.

; ; blunder, 1800 Perouse (with J. Moorhead), ;
DAVIDSBUNDLER, MARCHE DES. 1801 The Brazen Mask (with Mountain), ;
See CarnavaL 1802 The Cabinet (with Braham and

;
DA\1DSBUNDLERTANZE DIE (The others), 1802 The Caffres (with others), ;
Davidsbiindler Dances), 18 character jjieces 1802 Red Roy, 1803 The Miller's Maid,
; ;
for the jjianoforte, by Robert Schumauu, Harlequin Quicksilver, 1804 Thirty Thou- ;
op. 6, dedicated to Walther von Goethe, sand (with Braham and Reeve), 1805 Span- ;
composed 1837, imblished in February, ish Dollars, Harlequin's Magnet, 1805 The ;
1838. The Davidsbiindler (Davidites) was Blind Boy, 1808 The Farmer's Wife (with ;
an imaginary secret society of Schumauu others), 1814 Rob Roy Macgregor, 1818 ; ;
and his friends, banded together, like Da- Woman's Will a Riddle, 1820. He wrote
vid aud his companions against the Philis- also au overture to Shakespeare's Tempest,
tines, in ojjposition to the fashionable salon six quartets for voices, and six madrigals
music of the day. They appeared chiefly in for four voices. Some of his songs, such as
the columns of Schumann's periodical, the Just like love. May we ne'er want a friend,
Neue Zeitschrift fiir Musik, though their The Death of the Smuggler, and especially
names are found in some of his composi- The Bay of Biscay, Avere popular in their
tions also. Iu this work no one of the day. Fetis Grove Mendel. ; ;
numbers is in dance measure, the title be- DAYAS, WILLIA:M HUMPHRIES, born,
ing in allusion to the idea which inspired of English and American parentage, in New
the work, meaning dances which the David- York, Sept. 12, 18G4, still living, 1888. Pi-
ites had with the Philistines. Each num- anist studied in New York the joianoforte
;
ber bears the mai-k either of Florestan (F), and thorough bass under Samuel Jackson,
or of Eusebius (E), or of both, two con- and later counterpoint aud the organ un-
trasted individualities, in which Schumann der Warren, and the pianoforte under S.
strove to personify the two most prominent B. Mills and Joseffy. After serving as or-
traits of his character, dreamy tenderness ganist of the FifthAvenue Presbyterian
and mysticism as Eusebius, and passionate Church, New York, and of St. Andrews,

energy as Florestan. Reissmann, G2. Harlem, he went, about 1881, to Europe,
DAVISON, JAMES WILLIAM, born in and studied first, in Lcipsic, the jiianoforte
London, Oct. 5, 1815, died at Margate, under Kullak and counterpoint with C. A.
March 24, 1885. Composer, pupil of Will- Haupt and then in Berlin the pianoforte
;
iam Henry Holmes, and of Macfarren. He under Heinrich Ehrlieh, and composition
was musical critic of the Times and the and orchestration iiiider Heinrich Urban ;
IMusical World. Works

Pianoforte music : he was also under Liszt's instruction at
Dramatic overture to the fairy tale of Fortu- Weimar for several summers. In 1888 he
iiatus ; 4 bagatelles a la valse, op. 4 ; First made a concert tour iu Germany with Miss
402
:
dea
Anna Seiikrali (Harkness), the violinist ; at death of the Duke of Cumberland. The
present be is settled iu Weimar. Works song is commonly erroneously attributed
Polonaise for pianoforte, op. 1 ; 2 pianoforte to Dibdin. Notes aud Queries, 4th Series,
sonatas, op. 4 ; Sonata for tlie organ, op. si. 28 ; .5th do., i. 314.
5 ; 6 psalms for mixed chorus, op. 6 ; So- DEBILLEMONT, JE.iN JACQUES,
nata for the organ. No. Suite born at Dijon, Dec. 12, 1824, died in Paris,
2, op. 7 ;
for string orchestra, performed at Weimar, Feb. 14, 1879. Dramatic composer, pupil
1886; Quartet for strings; Sonata for pi- of Alard in Paris, and member of the or-
auoforte and violin 20 songs. chestra of the Opera Comique.
;
He studied
DEA, opura-comique iu two acts, text by composition under Leborne and Carafa, re-
Cormon and Michel Carre, music by Jules turned to Dijon, and brought out several
Cohen, represented at the Oj)era Comique, operas and other works. In 1839 he set-
Paris, April 30, 1870. tled iu Paris, where he conducted several
DEANE, THOMAS, flourished the prominent orchestras, directed the concerts
in
17th and 18th centuries. He was organist of the Soeicte des Beaux-Arts about 18G5,
at Warwick and and received was chef d'orchestre to the theatre of the
at Coventry,
the degree of Mus. Doc. at Oxford in 1731. Porte Saint-Martin, and a well-known teacher
He composed a service and other church and musical critic. Works Operas C utait :
music and the instrumental music for Old- moi, Bouffes Parisiens, 1860 As-tu dejeflne,
;
;
mixon's tragedy. The Governor of Cyprus Jacquot?, Theatre Dejazet, 1860; Asta-
(1703). Many compositions for the violin roth. Theatre Lyrique, 1861 Uu premier ;
by him are iu the collection called The Di- avril, Bouffes Parisiens, 1862 Les inva- ;
vision Violin. Grove Mendel.

; lides du travail, cantata La viperine, Folies ;
DEARLE, EDWARD, boruiu Cambridge, Mariguy, 1866 Napoleon devant les peu-
;
England, in 180G, still living, 1888. Or- ples, cantata, 1867 Le grand-due de Ma- ;
ganist of St. Paul's, Deptford, 1827, of oth- tajja, Le mousseline club. Menus Plaisirs,
er parish churches, and of the church at 1868 ; Roger Bontemps, Fantaisies Pari-
Newark Received the degree sienues, 1869
iu 183.5-G4. La revanche de Candaule, ;
of Mu.s. Bac, Cambridge, iu 1836, and Mus. 1869 Le pantalon de Casiniir, 1873 Le ; ;
Doc, 1842. He was one of the founders of treizieme couj) de minuit. Theatre du Cha-
Trinity College, London, of which he Le miroir magique, bal- is a teau d'Eau, 1874 ;
member of the couueil. Works

Porte Saint-Martiu, 1876 Les trois
: Israel iu let, ;
the Wilderness, oratorio, 1879 Morning sultanes. Others not yet produced Les;
:
aud Evening Service in F (1832); Turn noces de Paiuu-ge, La Florinde, Les peches
Thee again, Thou God of Hosts, anthem de Monsieur Jean, Les esclaves d'Athys,
(Gresham gold medal, 1837) Volume of Vercingetorix, grand opera, Bocchori.s, La
;
Church Music (1838) ; Magnificats and cour de Tulipauo. Fetis ; do.. Supplement,
Nunc dimittis. Authems
The desert shall : i. 244.
rejoice ; Rend your hearts With angels aud ; DEBORA, oratorio, by Jean Francois
archangels ; By the waters of Babylon ; God Lesueur, composed in 1828.
is a spirit ; Part-songs, and songs, etc. DEBORAH, oratorio iu three acts, test
Brown. by Samuel Humphreys, music by Handel,
DEATH OF NELSON, THE, a popular first performetl at the King's Theatre, Lon-
English song, written by S. J. Arnold, and don, March 17, 173.3. The score of this,
first sung
Loudon, in the opera called Handel's second oratorio, dated Feb. 21,
iu
The Americans, by John Brahani, as Wil- 1733, is in the Buckingham Palace collec-
mot, iu 1811. The first verse is an adaptation. It contains some of his finest music,
tion of au old song, or ode, written on the and the overture is one of the best he ever

DECKER
wrote. Characters represented : Deborah, op. 8 and 10 ; Fantaisie ck'gante, op. 21 ;
Barak, Abiuoain, Sisera, Jael, 1st Israelite Galop brillant, op. 25 ; Le couvre-feu,
woman, 2d do., 3d do., Chief Pi'iest of Villanelle, melodies,
op. 38 L'automue, ;
Israelites, Chant du matin, oyx 46

Chief Priest of Baal, Choiiis of mulodie, op. 31 ;
;
priests and Israelites, Chorus of pi-iests Dix melodies de Mozart transcrites pour le
of Baal. Published first by Walsh; full piano, op. 51 Serie de seize ouvertures ;
score by Hiiudelgesellschaft (Leijjsic, 1869). Cblebres, transcrites pour deux pianos a

Rockstro, Handel, 183 ; Schoelcher, Han- huit mains. Fetis, Supjjlement, i. 245.
del, 127 ; Chrysander, ii. 281. DEDEKIND, CONSTANTIN CHRIS-
DECKER, CONSTANTIN, born at Filrs- TIAN, born at Reinsdorf, Anbalt-Kothen,
tenau, Brandenburg, Dec. 29, 1810, died iu April 2, 1G28, died after 1697. Church
18G8. Pianist and dramatic composer, first and chamber composer, pupil of Chris-
instructed by his father, afterwards in Ber- toph Beruhardi, KajJellmeister at Dres-
lin pupil of Dehn in bai'mony and counter- den.
was musician to the Elector of He
point. Lived at Halle, Leipsic, Breslau, Saxony, poet laureate, and musical precep-
Konigsberg, for several years in St. Peters- tor. Works Aelbianische BIusen-Lust, :
burg, and lastlj' at Potsdam. Works Op- etc., 4 vols. (Dresden, 1G57 this consists of ;
eras: Die Gueusen in Breda (1837) Giaffir, 175 poems in the form of chansons, from
;
der Weiberfeiud (1838) Isolde, Grtifin von the most celebrated poets)
; Davidisclie ;
Toulouse, given at Konigsberg, 1852. Pub- geheime Music-Kammer (Dresden, 1G63) ;
lished works Quartet for two violins, viola Siisser Mandel-Kiirnen, erstes und zweites
:
and bass, op. 14 (Leipsic, 1837) Grand Pfund, von ausgekilrnten Salomonisclien ;
sonata foriaiauoforte, op. 10 (Berlin) Sonate Liebes-Worten, etc., 2 books (Dresden,

;
facile, op. 11 (Leipsic) Fantasias, op. 8 1G64) Belebte oder ruchbare Myrrhen-
; ;
and 22 (Berlin and Leipsic) Songs and Bliltter, das sind zweystimmige beseelte
;
;
romances Duets, op. G, 12, 13, 19. Fetis beilige Leideus-Liedern (Dresden, 1666) ; ;
Mendel. Die sonderbare Seelen-Freude (Dresden,

DECKER, JOACHIM, organist, living in 1672) Musikalischer Jahrgang und Vesjjer- ;
Hamburg in the beginning of the 17th cen- Gesang, 3 parts (Dresden, 1674) David- ;
tury. His most important work is the book ischer Harfenschall iu Liedern und Melo-
of canticles, and choral music for four deyeu (Frankfort) Siugende Sonn- und ;
voices, written in conjunction with Prae- Festtage-Andachten (Dresden, 1683) Mu- ;
torius and Seheidemann (Hamburg, 1604), sikalischer Jahrgang und Vesper-Gesang in

with the following title Melodej'eu Gesang- 2 Singstimmen und der Orgel (Dresden,
:
buch darinn D. Luthers und ander Christen 1G94).Allgem. d. Biog., v. 11; Fetis;
gebreuchlichsteu Gesenge. Fetis Mendel. Mendel Riemann. ; ;
DECOURCELLE, MAURICE HENRI, DEEPER, AND DEEPER STILL, tenor

born in Paris, Oct. 11, 1815, still living, 1888. recitative of Jephtha, iu Handel's Jephlha,
Pianist, pupil of Herz on the pianoforte, Part II. usually sung at concerts in con- ;
and ofBarbereau in harmony and compo- nection with the air iu Part HI., ' Waft her,
sition. For years he was the accompanist angels, through the skies."
par excellence in Paris, and every artist of DEERING. See Dering.
importance had recourse to Lis services. DE FERRARI. See Ferrari.
In 1848 he began to teach. Works 12 DEFESCH, WILLEJI, born iu Amster- :
litudes melodiques, op. 6 exercices pro- dam, close of the 17th century, died in
;
gressifs, op. 11 Repertoire d'exercices, London (?) about 1758-60. Violinist and
;
op. 30 20 Etudes caracteristiques, ojd. 33 organist of the Church of Notre Dame at

; ;
Exercices et preludes, op. 41 3 Nocturnes, Antwerp, and maitre de chapeUe iu 1725,

;
404
:
deff:s
succeeding Alfonso cl'Eve dismissed in Les croqueuses de porames, five acts. Me-
;
1731 for cruelty to the choir-hoys. He nus Plaisirs, 1868 Petit bonhoinme vit ;
went to London and ,.;. encore, two acts, Boufles Parisieus, 1868 ;
produced there, in Valse et menuet. Ems, 1865, Paris, Theatre

1733, an oratorio, Ju- de I'Athenee, 1870 Le trompette de Cham-
;
dith, and in 1745, Jo- borau, Dieppe, 1877 Les noces de Fer- ;
seph. His published iiande.Opera Comi(iue, Paris, 1878. Un-

works comjirise sev- published works La nuit de noces, Ei-
:
eral sets of sonatas quet a la Houppe, comic operas Le mar- ;
and concertos for chand de Veuise, grand opera, four acts.

string and other in- An operetta. La lanterue magique, was
struments, solos for published in the Journal des Demoiselles ;
violoncello, a collection and Two masses Motets Overtures Choeurs

of canzonets ; ; ;
airs, and some single songs. He composed d'Orphoon Patriotic hymns Pieces for mil- ; ;
also, in 1730, a Mass for four voices and or- itary baud Romances etc. Fetis, ii. 149 ; ; ;
chesti-a which is preserved in the cathedral do., Sujjpk'ment, i. 247.

at Antwerp.
Fc-tis Grove Biog. nat. de; DEGOLA, ANDREA LUIGI, born in Ge-
;
Belg., V. 83 ; Mendel. noa in 1778, died ('?). Organist, pupil of Lui-

DEFFfiS (PIEKRE), LOUIS, born in gi Cerro. His first comioosition was a mass,
Toulouse, France, but he afterwards wrote an opera bufta, II
July 25, 1819, still medico per forza, performed at Leghorn
living, 1888. Dra- in 1799, and several minor pieces. Hav-
matic composer, ini- ing become maestro di cajipella of the
pil at the Conserva- priuciijal church of Chiavari, he again de-
toires of Toulouse voted himself to church composition and
and of Paris, at the wrote many masses, vespers, hymns, and
latter under Halevy other sacred pieces. He was at one time
and Barbereau in organist of a church at Versailles, and gave
composition, for lessons in singing and harmony in Paris.
which he won the Published works L'utile et I'agreable, col-
:
grand jirix in 1817. Having pursued his lection of pieces for pianoforte Methode ;
studies in Rome, he visited parts of Italy de chant; Methode daccompagnement 2Jour

and Germanj-, and returned to Paris in le piano, la harjje et la guitare Theme ;
1852. Works L'ange de Tobie, cantata varie pour f)iano avec accomjjagnement
:
(1817) Symphony for grand orchestra, de c[uatuor

; Several romances. Fetis; ;
Acadc'mie des Beaux-Arts, 1851 Messe Mendel. ;
solennelle, Notre Dame, 1857. Operas DEGOLA, GIOCONDO, born in Genoa

L'anueau d'argent, one act, given at the about 1803, died there, Dec. 5, 1845. Dra-
Opera Comique, 1855 La clef des champs, matic composer son and pupil of Andrea
; ;
one act, ib 1857 Broskovauo, two acts. Luigi Degola, and pupil of Franyois Mi-
, ;
Theatre Lyrique, 1858 Les petits violons recki, a Polish pianist. He became a pro-
;
du roi, three acts, ib., 1859 Le cafe du fessor of singing, and composer of nocturnes
;
roi, one act, Theatre Lyrique, 1861, Opera and romances which were published in No-
Comique, 1868 Les Bourguignonnes, one vara and Milan. His first ojjera, Adelina,
;
act, Ems, 1862, Paris, 1863 PassC' minuit, was given at Genoa in 1837, and his La
;
Bouffes Parisieus, 1864 La boite a sur- donna capricciosa, an opera buffa, in 1889.
;
prise, one act. Ems, 1861, Paris, 1865 La His best work, Don Papirio Sindaco, was ;
comedie eu voyage, one act. Ems, 1867 given in Milan, 1841. He brought out a ; j
405
DEIIAAN
gi-and cantata, II trionfo di Davide, at Genoa DEH, VIENI, NON TAEDAR. See
in 1842, and wrote a mass for two choirs Nozze di Figaro.
with two organs, which was executed iu the DEIDAMIA, Italian opera in three acts,
same year iu the cathedral at Milan. His libretto by Paolo RoUi, music by Haudel,
opera, Uu duello alia pistola, jMilau, 1843, represented at the Liucolu's luu Fields The-
was not successful. Fetis do., SujJijle- atre, London, Jan. 10, 1741.
;
Deidamia is
ment, i. 247 Mendel. ;
the daughter of Lycomedes of Scyros, who
DEHAAN. See Haan. became the mother of Pyrrhus by Achilles.
DEH CON TE LI PEENDI See
!
Norma. This, Handel's last Italian opera, with which
DEHN, SIEGFEIED WILHELM, born he took his farewell of the stage, is by no
in Altona, Feb. 25, 1796, died in Berlin, means the weakest of his dramatic produc-
April 12, 1858. He studied at the Gymna- tions. The score, the MS. of which is in the
sium of Plun and became a clever violon- collection at Buckingham Palace, is dated at
cellist finished his education at Leipsic, the beginning Oct. 27, 1740, and at the end
;
studied harmony and composition under Nov. 20, 1740. Rockstro, Handel, 213.
Bernharil Klein in Berlin, iu 1823, and be- DEISS, MICHEL, musician to the Em-
came a finished coutrapuutist. After trav- peror Ferdiuaud I. of Germany, middle of
elling in Germany and Italy, he became the 10th century-. Iu 15C4 he wrote for
librarian of the music department at the the Emperor's obsequies a motet for four
Royal Library of Berlin, which he cata- voices, Quis dabit oculis nostris, preserved
logued and to which he added raauy valu- by Pietro Joaunelli in the fifth book of his
able works, such as Poelchau's collection of Thesaurus musicus. This collection con-
the original MSS. of the Bach family. He tains also eight other pieces by Deiss, for
scored 500 motets by Orlando Lasso, and five and six voices. Abraham Schad has
published Bach's six concertos for various given some of his motets iu his Prompt-
instruments (1850), and a collection of vo- uarium musicuiu. Fetis.
cal compositions iu 4, 5, 6, 8, and 10 parts DEJAZET, EUGENE, born in Lyons in
called Sammluug iilterer Musik aus dem 1825, still living, 1888. Dramatic com-
XVI. und XVn. "jahrh. (Berlin). He suc- poser, son of Pauline Virginie Dc-jazet, the
ceeded Gottfried Weber as editor of the actress. He began by writing songs which
musical periodical Cacilia re-edited Mar- his mother introduced in her roles. In
;
purg's treatise on fugue (Leipsic, 1858) 1852 he brought out an opera-comique, Un ;
and translated Delmotte's work on Orlando mariage en I'air. Having bought in Paris a
Lasso, " Biographische Notiz liber Kolautl small theatre which he called the Theatre
de Lattre," Vienna, 1837. He had distin- Dejazet, be produced many dramatic works,
guished pupils, among them Glinka, Kul- among them Fanchette, 1860 Double- : ;
lak, Antou Rubinstein, Friedrich Kiel. He deux, 18G1 La rosiere de quarante aus, ;
collected much material for FOtis' " Bio- 1862 L'argent et I'amour, 1863 La nuit ; ;
graphie des Musicieus." Theoretical works de la mi-carcme, 1864 Monsieur de Belle- : ;
" Theoretisch-praktische Harmonie lehre " Isle, La tentation d'Antoine, 1865 Les sept ;
(Berlin, 1840, 2d ed., Leipsic, 1858) " An- baisers de Buckingham, 1866 and the mu-
; ;
alyse dreier Fugen, J. S. Bach's und Bonou- sic for several vaudevilles, Le ro3'aume de la
cini's " (Leipsijc, 1858) " Lehre vom Cou- betise, Les vacances de Tamour, etc., and
;
trapunkt dem Kanon uud der Fuge " (1859). several cantatas written for special occa-
Allgem. d. Biogr., v. 27 ; Futis ; Mendel, His .sister, Mile Hermine Dt'jazet,
sions.
V. 341 ; Riemann. wrote the music of an operetta, Le diable

DEH ! VIENI ALLA FINESTKA. See rose, which was given at his theatre in
Don Giovanni. 1859. Fetis, Supplement, i. 247.
40C
:
Dfi.TAZET
DtjAZET, JULES, bora in Paris, IMarcli Libre des Beaux-Arts, of which he was
17, 180G, died at Ivry, Aug. 29, 18iG. Pi- elected president seven years. He was the
auist, pupil at the Conservatoire of Zinnner- author of a number of pamphlets on musi-
mau on the pianoforte, for which he took cal topics published in the annals of that
the second prize in 18'23, and the first in society. Works : Stabat Mater, 4 voices
1824, and of Fctis in composition. Works
and orchestra (1826-1827) La Grece, scene ;
Grand trio for pianoforte, violin and violon- lyrique, chorus and orchestra besides, a ;
(;ello (Paris, Lemoine) Duos for pianoforte grand symphony (1830) a mass 3 quar-
; ; ;
and violin, op. IS), 24, 31 do. for jjiauo- tets, quintets, and other music for violin,
;
forte and violoncello, op. 2, 13, 39 Fan- and romances, published in Paris. Fetis
; ;
tasias for pianoforte, op. 3, 20, 22, 30, 35 do., Supplement, i. 248
;
Mendel, iii. 103 ;
;
Rondos for do., op. 5, 8, 9, 11, 12 Thames Ergiiuz., 80.

;
varies, valses, romances, etc. Fetis. DE LANGE, SAMUEL, born in Rotter-

DEL.4BAREE, LOUIS ALBERT, born dam, Feb. 22, 1840, still living, 1888. Pi-
in Soissons, July 12, 1809, still living, 1888 (?). anist and organist, son of Samuel de Lange,
Oboe player, pupil in 1832 at the Paris organist of Rotterdam (1811-1884). After
Conservatoire. He studied the oboe also a professional tour with his brother, Daniel
under Vogt, and obtained the 2d prize in de Lange, violoncellist, and a three years'
1836, and the 1st in 1837. In 1838 he be- residence in Lemberg, where they were pro-
came i^rofessor at the Ghent Conservatoire, fessors at the Conservatorium, he returned
and member of the orchestras of the theatre to Rotterdam, and became in 1864 organist
and the Casino, and a few years after first of the Walloon Churcli and professor in the
oboist of the Royal Theatre, Brussels. Pub- musical school. In 1875 he went to Paris,
lished works La I'omanesca, concert piece and finally settled in Cologne as professor
:
with quartet or pianoforte Morceau de of the organ and pianoforte at the Con-
;
concert, on two of Hah'vy's melodies, with servatorium. Works : Quartets for string
orchestra or pianoforte Souvenir d'Irlande,
;
instruments, op. 15, 18 Trio for piano-
;
concert jjiece with quartet or pianoforte ;

forte, violin and violoncello, op. 21 ; Sere-
Souvenirs d'Ecosse, idem Noel, morceau;
nade for pianoforte and string instruments ;
de salon, oboe and pianoforte and others ; Symphony for orchestra Sonatas for or-
;
(Paris). Fetis. gan, 015. 5, 14 ; Marehenbilder for piano-

DELACOURT, HENRI, French musi- forte, op. 7 etc. Fetis, Supplement, 249 ; ;
cian of the IGth centur^y. In 1547 he was a Mendel, Ergiinz., 80.

singer in the Cathedral of Soissons, and DE LA RUE (De Larue), PIERRE, born
afterwards musician to the Emperors Fer- in Picardy, lived at the end of the 15th and
dinand I. and Maximilian H. of Germany. beginning of the 16th centuries. He is
Pietro Joannelli gives six of his motets for called also in the old collections de la Ru-
four, five, and six voices in " Novus Thesau- ellien and Petrus Platensis. A pupil of

rus musicus." Fotis. Johannes Okeghem, he became a priest,
DELALRE, JACQUES AUGUSTE, born belonged to the chapel of the dukes of
at Moulins (AUier), France, March 10, 1795, Burgimdy from 1545, and was the favourite
died in Paris in September, 18G4. Ama- comiôser of Marguerite of Austria. In 1501
teur musician and composei-, studied music he was prebendary of Coutrai, and later,
while practising law pupil of Choron, and until 1510, at the church of Saint-Aubin,
;
in harmony of Reicha. He was secretary Namur

he is said by Bruschius to have ;
composed the Lamentations of Jeremiah in

of the Athi'nee Musical, Paris, in 1830, con-
tributor to the Revue Musicale, and for 1540, but that would seem to be an impos-
thirty-one years member of the Societe sibility, as it would make him a composer
407

DELATRE
at a very advanced age. The first publica- fugues (Lauingen, Bavaria, 1587) contains
tiou containing bis works is Ottavio Petrucci some of his oi-gan music. Among the ar-
de Fossombrone's " Harmonica Musices Od- chives of Mechlin is a volume in MS. of
becaton," 3 vols. (Venice, 1501), in which four masses composed for the chajjel of
are several of bis four-part songs, Tons les Marguerite of Austria and the libraries of ;
regri'S, Pourquoy non, Ce n'est pas, Fors Munich and of the Pontifical chapel also
seulement, and Myn beer. The same editor contain bis MS. Biog. nat. de Belg., v. 325 ;
published Canti cento cinquauta (1503), in Ambros, iii. 235.

which are other four-joart songs. Jlisse de DELATRE, CLAUDE PETIT-JAN,
la Kue, Beati Yirginis, etc., aj^peared in Flemish comjDoser from about 1540 to
1503 Salve Regina, 4 voc, was inserted in
; 1580. He is best known under the name
Motetti della Corona (1505) and one of his
; of Petit-Jan. He was maitre de chapelle to
masses in Missarum diversorum, etc., lib. i. the Bishop of Liege in 1555, and subse-
(Petrucci, 1508). Fifty of bis masses were quently master of the choristers of the
published in 1513, and one in 1515, in the Cathedral of Vendome. Iu 157G he took
volume of Antoiue de Fevin. lu a collec- the prize of the Silver Lyre at the Puy,
tion by Andrea Antico da Moutona (Rome, or mvisical competition of Evreiis, in Nor-
151G), are two other masses for four voices. mandy, for a chanson for six voices, begin-
Liber selectarum Cantionum, etc. (Augs- ning Ce riz plus doux. In Hortus !Musa-
:
burg, 1520), contains several of his motets. rum (Louvain, 1552), and in Liber sextus
His works were published also in several cantionum (Louvain, 1558), Phalesius gives
richly decorated volumes, about 1530, by some information about him and some of
the order of Marguerite of Austria, who his compositions. There are five of his
was a patroness of the arts. One of the chansons in the first three books of the last
volumes, now in the Royal Library of Brus- collection, and twenty-nine in the sixth
sels, contains six masses for five voices and book, which is entitled : Sixiesme livre des
one for four. In a collection published at chansons a quatre, nouvellement composez
Nuremberg (1538) is a mass for four voices, et mises en musicque f)fir Maistre Jehau
and in another (1539) are three reprinted de Liitre (Louvain, 1555). His compositions
from Petrucci's collection. Several of bis also appear in the following collections :
chansons are in Selectissimse uecnon fami- Cantiones sacrse (Susato, Autwerjj, 1.54G-
liarissimfe cantiones ultra centum (Augs- 1547) Recueil de fleurs produictes de la
;
burg, 1510), and in Tricinia tum veterum, divine musique a trois jDarties de par Cle-
etc., in arte musica sympbouistarum latina, mens non Papa, Thomas Cricquillon, et
germauica,brabantica et gallica (Wittenberg, aultres excellens musiciens, premiire, deu-
1542) Several madrigals for four voices zieme et tiers livres (Louvain, 1560) La
; ;
were published bj' Gardane (Venice, 1544), Fleur des chansons a trois parties, contenant
and are reprinted by Buruej'. Chansons a uu recueil produit de la divine musique de
deux vols are found iu the collection Jean Castro, Severin Cornet, Noe Faignient
Bicinia gallica, latina et germanica (Witten- et aultres excellens auteurs, etc. (Louvain,
berg, 1545) ; other compositions in Lamen- Antwerp, 1574). This collection contains
tationes Hieremifc prophetse (Nuremberg, one of his best songs: Aupres de vous.
1549), and in Psalmorum selectorum, etc. Fetis Mendel, Ergiinz., 80.;
(Nuremberg, 1553) a motet, Lauda, anima

; DELATRE, OLIVIER, Belgian musician
mea, Dominum, is in a collection of motets of the first half of the IGtb centurj-. He is
(Nuremberg, 15G4). In Harmoniie suavissi- sometimes called Olivier in the collections
niit', etc. (Nuremberg, 15G7) are several of of that time, especially in Attaignant's,
his vocal compositions, and a collection of. in which are five of bis four-part chansons
40S
DELATTTJE
(Paris, 1539-1540). Another of his foiir- let, op. 21 Quintet for 2 violins, viola, vi- ;
2)artchansons is in the Parangou des clian- oloncello, and double-bass, op. 22 6 ro- ;
sous, liv. i., X. (Jacques Moderne, Lyons, mances sans paroles, op. 24 Hymnes a ;
1540-1543). A motet for five voices on the trois voix Hymnes a quatre voix and a ; ;
text, Sancti niei, Sacrarum Caiitio- cantata (1853). He has published

is in also :
nuni, etc. (Waeh'ant and Laet, Antwerp, Curiositcs musicales, notes, analy.ses, inter-
1554-1555). In Jardin Musical, a collec- pretations de certaines particularity's con-
tion by the same (Antwerp, no
date), is a tenues dans les oeuvres des grands maitres
clianson for four voices, beginning, Tant (Paris, 1873) La Notation de la nuisique ;
faut-il que soit. Fotis; Biog. nat. de Bclg., classique,comparee a la notation de la mu-
V. 230. sique moderne, et de I'execution des petites
DELATTKE, PvOLAND. See Lrti^.w. notes en general; Trilogie, containing: 1,
DELDEVEZ, EDOUAED MARIE ER- Principe des intervalles et accords 2. Re- ;
NEST, born in Paris, May 31, 1817, still alisation des partimenti de Fenaroli ; 3,
living, 1888. Violinist, pupil from 1825 at CEuvres des violonnistes celebres depuis
the Conservatoire, where he took the 2d Corelli jusqu'ii Viotti, choisies et classee.s ;
and the 1st in 1831

prize for solfege in 1820, ; Transcriptions et realisations d'reuvres an-
then pupil of Habeneck on the violin, win- ciennes. Fetis do., Sujipli'meut, i. 250
;
;
ning the 2d prize in 1831 and the 1st in 1833. Mendel ; do., Ergilnz., 81 ; Riemanu.
He studied counterpoint and fugue under DELEHELLE, JEAN CHARLES AL-
Halcvy, and took the 2d prize in 1837 and FRED, born in Paris, Jan. 12, 182fi, still
the 1st in 1838 and composition under Ber-
; living, 1888. Dramatic composer, piupil at
ton, winning the 2d grand prix de Rome the Conservatoire imder Colet and Adam,
in 1838 for his cantata, Loyse de Moutfort. winning the first grand prix de Rome, in
In 1839 he published in Paris a collection 1851, for his cantata Le prisonnier. From
of songs with jjianoforte accompaniment, 1851 to 185(1 he lived in Rome and Naples,
and in 1840 he appeared at a Conservatoire visiting meanwhile the principal cities of
concert, playing his own ouverture to Rob- Germany. "Works L'lle d'amour, operetta,
:
ert Bruce, and his prize cantata. In 1859 given at the Bouftes Parisiens, 1859 Mon- ;
he became second chef d'orchestre at the sieur Polichinelle, comic opera, Athenee,
Opera, and was chef from 1872 to 1877, 1873. His paper on the genius of Auber
when he retired. Until 1883 he also con- was published in the Correspondance litte-
ducted the Societe des Concerts du Con- raire in 1861. Fi'tis do.. Supplement, i. ;
servatoire. He is a chevalier of the Legion 251.

of Honour. Works Lady Henrietta, bal- DELGADO, C0S:M0, born in Cartaxo in
:
let (3d act) ; Eucharis, ballet, 1844

Paqui- ; the 17th century. Portuguese singer and
ta, 1846 Vert- Vert, ballet, 1851
ballet, ;
;
composer of a great deal of music preserved
Requiem Mass, 1853 First and second sym- ; in the Convent of Santo Jeronimo, Lisbon.
phonies, op. 2 and 8 Trios for pianoforte, ; He is the author of a theoretical work, Ma-
violin, and violoncello, op. Mazarina, bal- ; nual de musiea, etc., still in MS. Fetis.
let, op. 11 ; O salutaris, soprano and tenor, DELIBES, LI'Ô, born at Saint-Germain-
with organ or pianoforte, op. 14Symphonic du-Val (Sarthe), in 1836, still living, 1888.
;
hero'i-comique, op. 13 La
vendetta, soprano Dramatic composer, pupil at the Paris Con-
;
and tenor, scene lyrique Velk'da, scone ly- servatoire, where he won the second prize
;
rique, soprano, chorus, and orchestra, op. for solfege in 1849, and the first in 1850
;
17 Choeur religieux for soprano, contralto, of Le Couppey on the pianoforte, of Bazin

;
tenor, and bass, op. 18 Le violon enchantc, in harmony and accompaniment, taking the
;
grand opera, op. 20 Yauko, le bandit, bal- second accessit for harmony in 1854 of
; ;
: ;
DELIOUX
Adam iu composition, and of Benoist on Comique, 1880 Lakme, do., ib., 1883 Le ; ;
became accompa- Koi des Montagues Le Don Juan Suisse

[
the orji'an. In 1853 he ;
nist at the Theatre (MS.); La priucesse Eavigotte (do.) Alger, ;
Lvrique and organ- cantata. Opera, 1865. As a member of the

i
of the Church commission for teaching singing in the

ist
of Saint- Jean et government schools at Saint-Denis and at

Saint-Fraufois. In Sceaux, he has written a mass and several
1855 he brought choruses for children's voices. He has also
out his first oper- written for the Societe Orpheonique choruses
etta, and he soon for men's voices, such as Les lansquenets,
became a popular Les pilierari, C'est Dieu Avril, Marche des !,
dramatic com- soldats. Pastorale, Trianon, etc., some of

poser, one of the which obtained prizes and many choruses ;
best writers of light sparkling music of

the modern French school. In 18G5 he
gave up his position at the Lvrique to ac-
/^ ^^^1^
cept that of second chef de chant at the
Opera, where he gained new popularity as for female voices with orchestra.
the composer of the higher class of ballets. A collection of Quinze Melodies
In 1880 he became professor of composi- with j)ianoforte accompaniment,
tion at the Conservatoire, and in 188-1 be- written in the style of the Ger-
came a member of the Institut, as succes- man Lieder, the most remarkable of which
sor to Victor Masse. Works Operas and are Myrto, Avril, and Bonjour, Suzon, has
ballets Deux sous de charbon, operetta, been published in Paris, and his 3Iorl d'Or-
:
given at the Folies Nouvelles, 1855 Deux phee was given there at a concert in 1877.
;
vieilles gardes, do., Six demoiselles a ma- DELIOUX SAVIGNAC, CHARLES, DE

rier, do., ib., 1856 Maitre Gritiard,
;
comic born at Lorient (Morbihan), in April, 1830,
opera. Theatre Lyrique, 1857 ; L'omelette still living, 1888. Pianist, self-taught, and
a la Follembouche, Bouifes Parisiens, 1859 in Paris pupil of Barbereau in harmony,

;
Monsieur de Bonne-Etoile, 18G0 Les and at the Conservatoire of Halevy in com-

ib., ;
Musiciens de I'orchestre (with Erlanger and position. Works Yvonne et Loic, comic op- :
Higuard), ib., 1861 Mon ami Pierrot, ope- era, given at the Theatre du Gymnase, 1851:
;
rette, Ems, 1862 Les eaux d'Eras, do., ib.; Marche hongroise, op. 11 Fete a Seville,
;
;
Le jardiuier et sou seigneur. Theatre Lv- op. 23 Le ruisseau, op. 25 IMandoline, ; ;
rique, 1863 La tradition, Le serpent a op. 28 Le Son du Cor, op. 34 Le Carna-

; ; ;
plumes, Boutfes Parisiens, 1861 Le boeuf val espagnol, op. 38 Les Bohemiens, op.
; ;
Apis, 1865
ib., La source, ballet (with 39 Les matelots, op. 40 Fantaisie sur
; ; ;
Miukous), Theatre Lyrique, 1866; Mal- Faust, op. 54 Le lac, op. 88 Pensees ; ;
brough s'en va-t-en guerre, operette (with musicales, op. 89 Allegro agitato, op. 94 ; ;
Bizet, Jonas, and Legouix), Athenee, 1867 Recueil pour le piano, op. 71-80 ;
Vocal ;
L'Ecossais de Chatou, fantaisie, Bouffes Pa- Melodies. Fetis, Supplement, i. 253.

risiens, 18()i) La cour du roi Petaud, ope-
; DfiLIRE, LE, ou les suites d'une erreur
ra-bouife, Variutes, 1869 CopjKlia, ou la (Frenzy,
; or The Consequences of an Error),
fille aux j-eux d'email, ballet, Opera, 1870, opera-comique in one act, text by Saint-Cyr,
New York, 1887 Le 7-vi I'a dit, comic op- music by Barton, represented in Paris, Dec.
;
era, Oiêra Comique. 1873,Vienna, 1874 Si/I- 6, 1799. This, rather a drama, than an ope-
;
vie, ou la nymphe de Diane, ballet, Opera, ra-comique, is one of Berton's best works.
1876 Jean de Nivelle, opera-comique. Opera

; DE LISLE, See Bougel de Lisle.
410
;;
BELLA
BELLA BELLA, DOMENICO, laaestio ! two were posthumous. Futis
Clement, ;
di cappella of the Cathedral of Treviso at the Mus. ce-lcbres, 262 Meudel Kiemaiiu.
; ;
beginning of the 18th century. Composer DELL' ELISIR IMLRABILE. See Eimre
of church and instrumental music. Works d' Aniore. :
12 Sonatas for two violins, violoncello ohli- DELLER, FLORL\N, born in Wiirtem-
gato, and harpsichord (Venice, 1704). The berg about 1730, died in Munich in 1774.
following are in the Imperial Library, Vi- He was court composer in Stuttgart in
enna 2 masses a cappella, for four voices 1760, and from 1770 lived in Ludwigsburg,
: ;
Mass for do. Third mass for eight voice.?, Vienna, and Munich. He is jjrobably iden-
;
with violins and organ Mass for two tenors tical with the comjjosers Deler and Teller.
;
and bass Gloria for four voices, with vi- Wôrks

;
La contessa per aniore, opera :
olins and organ Requiem Mass a cappella Orpheus und Eurydice, Pygmalion, Der
;
for two tenors, baritone, and bass do. for Sieg des Neptuu, Die beiden Werther, bal-
;
four voices Psalm for four

and organ ;
lets ; Church and concert music. Mendel
voices and orchestra 3 Psalms for eight
;
Fctis.
voices, with violins and organ Te Deum DELPANE, DOMENICO, born in Rome
;
for six Veni Creator for four about 1629. He was cantor of the Pon-
voices ;
voices and instruments Vem sponsa tifical Chajjel, \Yhere he was received as so-
;
Christi, for do. Salve Regina

; for soprano, prano in 1654. He published at Rome a
with violins, violoncello, and basso coutinuo. collection of motets for two, three, four-,
Fctis. and five voices. Much of his MS. music
BELLA MARIA, BOMINIQUE, born in is in the archives of the Sixtine Chapel.
Marseilles in 17G8 (1778 ?), died in Paris, Fctis.
March 9, 1800. Bramatic composer, son DELPHIS ET MOPSA, opera in two acts,
of Bominique Delia Maria, mandolin player. text by Guy, music by Gretry, first rep-
He excelled first on the mandolin, and then resented at the Opera, Paris, Feb. 16, 1803.
became a fine violoncellist. When eighteen One of the last efforts of Gretry's muse.
years old he produced at Marseilles an op- D^^LUGE, LE, biblical poem in three
era which, though faulty, showed talent for parts, text by Louis Gallet, for solos,
composition. He studied afterwards the chorus, and orchestra, by Saint-Saens, op.

theory of music in Italy for sis years, his 45, first performed in Paris, Concert du
last teacher being Paisiello, and, soon after Chatelet, March 5, 1876 and in Boston, ;
leaving him, wrote six opere bufi'e for sev- ilass., in the Music Hall, May 7, 1880.
eral Italian theatres, three of which were DELUGE, THE, oratorio, by Frederick
successful. In 1706 he went to Paris, where Hymen Cowen, given at the Brighton (Eng-
Alexandre Buval recognized his talent and land) Festival, February, 1878.
intrusted him with the music for his piece DEJIANTIUS, CHRISTOPH, born in
Le prisonnier, which was wonderfully suc- Reichenberg, 15G7, died in Freiberg, Sax-
cessful at the Ojjcra Comique in 1798. He ony, April 20, 1643. He was cantor at
wrote quite rapidly after this, composing Zittau about 1596, and in 1707 at Freiberg.
six operas in the four following years, but He composed sacred and secular songs,
none of these were ever as popular as the dances, threnodies and funeral laments, be-
first. He died young, leaving much unpub- sides two elementary works " Isagoge artis :
lished music and fragments of operas. Pub- musicte," etc. (Nuremberg, 1605 12th ed., ;
lished works L'opera-comique,

: L'oncle Freiburg, 1671); ''Forma musices, Griind-
"
valet, Le vieux chateau, Jacquot, ou I'ecole licher und kurtzer Bericht der Singekunst
des mores (1799) La maison des marais (Budissiu, 1592), a very rare work, a copy
;,
(1800) La fausse duOgne (1802).

; The last of which is in the Royal Library, Berlin.
411
;
DEMAE
Some of his music is fouud iu collections of DEMELIUS, CHRISTIAN, born at
the time ; four eight-jmrt motets in Floii- Schlettau, near Aunaburg, Saxony, April 1,
legium Portense, and a short Domine ad 1643, died at Nordhausen, Nov. 1, 1711.
adjuvandum for four voices, iu Proske's Church composer, pupil of the organist
Musica Diviua, Lib. Vesperarum. Works Chiistoph Knorr, then of Adam Drese, at
mentioned by Fotis Magnificat (Frank- Nordhausen, where he became cantor in
:
fort) ;Weltliche Lieder mit 5 Stimmen 1669. Works Vortrab von VI. Motetten :
(Nuremberg, 1595) LXXVn auserlesene und Arien mit 4 Stimmen (Sondershausen,

;
liebliche Polnischer und Teutscher Ai't 1700) Tirocinium musicum, etc. (Nord- ;
Tiintze mit und ohue Texte, etc. (Nurem- hausen). Allgem. d. Biogr., v. 46 Futis ; ;
berg, IGOl) Triades i^recum vespertiuarum Gerber.

;
ad 8 tonos modos concinnatfe (Nurem-

et DEMERSSEMAN, JULES AUGUSTE
berg, 1G02) Conviviorum Delicije (Nurem- EDOUARD, born at Houdschoote, Belgium,
;
berg, 1608), Couvivalium conceutuum far- Jan. 9, 1833, died in Paris, Dec. 1, \866.
rago, etc. (Nuremberg, 1609) Corona har- Flute virtuoso, pupil at the Paris Conser-
;
monica, etc. (Leipsic, 1610) Threnodiae, vatoire from 1844, studied solfege under
;
etc. (Leipsic, IGll) Erster Theil newer Tariot, the flute under Tulou, harmony
;
teutscher Lieder, etc., Zweiter Theil der- under Colet, and counterpoint and fugue
selben (Leipsic, 1615) Timpauum mili- under Leborue. He won the accessit for
;
tare, etc. (Nuremberg, 1615) Te Deum solfege and first prize for flute in 1845,
;
laudamus, 5 voc. (Freiburg, 1618) and when only twelve years old first prize for ; ;
other church music Threnodite, etc. (Frei- solfi'ge in 1846, and first accessit for fugue
;
berg, 1620). Allgem. d. Biogr., v. 45 Fe- in 1852. Works La Priucesse Ka'ika, oper- ; :
tis; Riemann Mendel. ; etta, 1859 fantasias for the flute, and sev- ;
DEM.\E, JOHANN SEBASTIAN, born eral orchestral pieces, among which was a
at Gauaschach, near Wiirzburg, June 29, concerto for flute with orchestra, played
17G3, died at Orleans in 1832. Pupil of at the Casino concerts. He published also
Richter, who was maitre de musique at the some charming songs, and wrote a series of
Cathedral of Strasburg having been organ- pieces for Sax instruments. Fetis, Suj)i)le-
;
ist and instructor at Weissenburg for three ment, i. 257.
years, he went to Vienna to profit by the DEMETRIO (Demetrius), Italian opera

advice of Haydn, and thence to Italy, where in three acts, text by Metastasio, first set
he finished his studies under his uncle to music by Caldara and represented iu
Pfeifter (Michel Traugott?). In 1788 he Vienna, Nov. 4, 1731. Subject, the j'oung
went to Paris, and settled at Orleans, where Demetrius, son of Demetrius Soter, regains
he became organist of Saint-Paterne in his kingdom, lost by his father through the
1802.
"Works: Three operas; Masses; Te conspiracy of Alexander Balus. Scene in
Ueuni with full orchestra 6 symphonies 2 Seleucia. Characters repi-esented Cleonice,
; ; :
collections of military music for grand or- queen of Syria, in love with Alceste Al- ;
chestra 4 concertos for pianoforte 2 do. ceste, afterwards Demetrio, king of Syria
; ;
for violin 3 do. for harp

; concerto for Fenicio, a noble, tutor of Alceste and father
;
horn 4 quartets for violin

; 10 works of of Olinto Oliiito, a noble, rival of Alceste
; ; ;
duos for violin 3 duos for horn 4 do. for Barsene, confidant of Cleonice and secretly
; ;
pianoforte and harp 4 works of sonatas for in love with Alceste

; Mitraue, captain of ;
pianoforte 4 do. for harp methods for vio- the royal guard and friend of Fenicio.
; ; The
lin, pianoforte, and" clarinet. His brother, libretto has been set to music also by
Joseph Detnar (born 1774), was an able the following composers Johann Adolph :
violinist and composer. Fetis Gerber.

Hasse, Venice, 1732 Pescetti, London,
; ;
DEMETRIO
1738 Dimi, Italy, about 1740 Gluck, Ven-
; ; music also by Schiassi, Bologna, 1735 ;
ice, 1742 Galuppi, Vienna, 1748

; Nasell, ; Fiorillo, Naples, 1735 Duni, Italy, about ;
Naples, 1749 Perez, Turin, 1752

; Joni- ; 1735 Ferandini, Munich, 1737 Latilla,
; ;
melli, Parnia, 1753 Picoinni, Naples, 17G2

; ;
Naples, 1738 Lampugiiani, Piacenza, 1738
;
;
Paisiello, Modeua, 17G5 Pauipani, Italy, ; Leo, Naples, 1741 Gluck, Milan, 1742 ;
;
1768 Perillo, Venice, 1769

; Beruascoui, ; Verocaj, Brunswick, 1743 Graun, Berlin, ;
Mannheim, 1772 Gugliehni, Turin, 1773

; ;
1746 Hasse, Dresden, 1748 Perez, Lis-
; ;
Giesnick, London, 1785 Tarcbi, Milan, ; bon, 1752 Sarti, Florence, 1753
; Cocchi, ;
1788 and Caruso, Venice, 1791. An opera

; Venice, 1754 Bei-nasconi, Munich, 1758
;
on the same subject, music by Pallavicino, and 1766 Jommelli, Stuttgart, 1759
; ;
had been previously produced in Venice in Vento, Najjles, 1761 Piccinni, Naples, ;
1666. Of a later date are Demetrio, music 1762 Majo, Eome, 1764 Pamiâni, Italy,
; ;
by Simon Mayr, Turin, 1824 and music by ; 1764 Wauhal, Eome, about 1764 Koze-
; ;
Coppola, Turin, 1877. Demetrio e Polibio, lucli, Prague, about 1770 Aufossi, Eome, ;
music by Eossiui, Eome, 1812, has for its 1773 Mysliweczek, Naples, 1775
; Paisi- ;
subject the intimacy between Demetrius,

son of Pliilip in. of Macedon, when a host-
age in Eome, with the historian Polybius.
DEMETEIO A EODI (Demetrius at
Ehodes), Italian music by Pugnani,
ojjera,
represented at Turin, 1789, on the occasion
of the marriage of the Duke of Aosta, has
for its hero Demetrius Poliorcetes, King
of Macedonia, who conducted a memorable
but unsuccessful siege of Ehodes. The
subject is treated also in Demetrio a Eodi,
music by E. Paganini, Italy, about 1810.
DEMETEIUS, overture to Schiller's trag-
edy of, by Ferdinand Hiller.
DEilETEIUS, overture to Schiller's trag-
Regina Mingotti.
edy of, by Joseph Eheinberger, op. 110.
DE' MIEI BOLLENTI. See Traviata. ello, Venice, 1775 ; Schuster, Forli, 177G ;
DEMOFOONTE (Demophoon), Italian Felice Alessandri, Padua, 1783 ; Bianchi,

opera in three acts, text by Metastasio, lirst Venice, 1783 ; Bertoni, Loudon, 1784 ;
set to music by Caldara and represented Tarchi, Crema, 1786; Gatti, Mantua, 1787;
at the Court Theatre, Vienna, Nov. 4, 1733, Prati, Venice, 1787 Pugnani, Turin, 1788 ;
;
in honour of the Emjieror Charles VI. Brunetti, Italy, 1790 Federici, London, ;
Scene in the palace of Demojjhoon, in 1791 ; Portogallo, Milan, 1794 Giusejipe ;
the Thracian Chersonese. Charactei's rep- Maria Sborgi, Florence, 1836. Among the
resented Demofoonte, king of Thrace most successful of these settings was that
:
;
Dircea, secretly wife of Timaute Creusa, by Johann Adolph Hasse, represented in ;
jirincess of Phrygia, destined wife of Ti- Dresden in 1748, in whicli Eegiua Mingotti
mante Tiniante, putative hereditary prince (1728-1807) sang the principal part. Hasse,
;
and son of Demofoonte Cherinto, son of who was jealous of her, because she was the
;
Demofoonte, lover of Creusa Matusio, pupil of his rival Porpora and had eclipsed
;
23utative father of Dircea ; the celebrated Faustina, insidi-

Adrasto, captain his wife,
of the royal guard ; youth, son ously wrote for her an Adagio, with a piz-
Olinto, a
of Timaute. The libretto has been set to zicato string accompaniment, with the hope.
413
;
DEMOISELLE
probably, tliat she would sing out of tuue Hainaut, for an overture for militarj' band ;
for want of iustrumeutal support. She saog won the second prize at the Concours de
the part, however, iu so faultless a mauner Bruges for a Hymn of Victory in 1846, and
as to win universal ajjplause, and the song, the medal of the Societc Eoyale des Beaux-
" Se tutti i mali miei," became one of her Arts et Lettres of Ghent, in 1851, for his War
most successful show pieces. Overture with chorus and took the second ;
DEMOISELLE EN LOTERIE, LA, ope- medal at Dunkerque for a symphony with

rette in one act, text by Jaime fils, music chorus iu 1853. He is a member of the
by Offenbach, given at the Bouflfes Parisiens, Societe des Beaux-Arts et Lettres of Ghent,
July 7, 1857. correspondent of the Cercle Artistique of
DE MOL. See 3Iol. Antwerp, and a member of the most impor-
DEMON. See Damon. tant musical societies in Belgium and the
DEMOPHON, lyric tragedy iu three acts, North of France. Works Kettlj', ou le :
text by Marmontel, music by Cherubiui, retour en Suisse, opera-comique, given at

represented at the 02:)era, Paris, Dec. 1, Mons in 1838 L'Echeviu Brassart, opura-
;
1788. In this, French opera,

his first comique, ib., 1845 Marie de Brabant,
;
Cherubini broke loose from the light and scene lyrique, ib., 1850 several cantatas,
;
trivial school characteristic of his previ- one sung by six hundred voices at the
ous works, and laid the foundation of his unveiling of the statue of Orlando Lasso at
grand style. The libretto is an adaptation jNIons, in 1858 a requiem, and orchestral
;
of Metastasio's Demofoonte. Another ad- music. Fetis Grove Mendel.

; ;
aptation of the same is Dumoishou, lyric DENNE-BAEON, RENE DIEUDONNE,

tragedy in three acts, text by Desriaux, born in Paris, Nov. 1, 1804, died there, Nov.
music by Johann Christoph Vogel, given 11, 1865. Composer, pupil of Porta and
in Paris, Sept. 22, 1789. This excellent Cherubini, but never more than a clever
work was reproduced in 1793, and had a amateur. He contributed to many music
considerable success. The overture was periodicals, and wrote the biographies of
long considered a masterpiece. musicians in the " Nouvelle biograjihie
DEMOPHOON. See Demofoonte. geuerale." Works New airs for Vert-Vert,
:
DENEEVE (Denepve), JULES, born at Le brigand, L'alcove, etc. Grand Mass ;
Chimaj', Belgium, in ISli. Violoncellist for 4 voices and orchestra, hymns, and can-
and dramatic composer, pupil at the Brus- ticles, choruses, ballads, romances, noc-
sels Conservatoire from 1833, and on the turnes, for the voice, and organ, pianoforte,
violoncello of Platel and Demunck he won and orchestra pieces.
; Fctis, Suiîslument,
the accessit in 1833, and studied harnionj' i. 258 Larousse, vi. 441. ;
and composition under Fetis. He became DENN ER HAT SEINEN ENGELN,

professor of the violoncello in the Ecole de double quartet in Mendelssohn's Elias,
Musique, and first violoncellist at the the- Part I
atre and Societu des Concerts, at Mons, in DENTICE, FABRICIO, born in Naples,
Hainaut, where he stiU resides, and has suc- lived in Rome in the second half of the
cessivelybecome director of the Ecole, con- 16th century. Galilei speaks of his clever
ductor of the Sociote des Concerts, direc- lute-playing and his talent for composition
tor of the Harmonic Society, and in 1841 (Dialogo della Musica, 138). Works Mise- :
founder and director of the Koland de Lat- rere for six voices, now in the Sixtine
tre Choral Society. He received a gold Chapel, arranged for four voices by Michele
medal for a cantata sung before Leopold I., Pacini, cantor of the chapel of the Due
at Mons, in 1841 took the prize given by d'Altaemps Motets iu the Eler Collection
; ;
the Socicto des Ai'ts, Sciences et Lettres of (MS.), owned by the Paris Conseiwatoire
414
; ; ;
DEXTICE
Motets for five voices pnlilislied under tlie in 1873, he brought out a grand Te Deum
title, Madrigali sjîrituali (Venice, 1581) with orchestra at the Church of Saiute-
Antbems for four voices (Venice, 158G) Gudule, Brussels. Fetis, Supplement,
; i
Lainentatioui (sic) a 5 voci, aggiiuitovi li Ee- 259.

sponsori, Autifone, Benedictus et Miserere DEPROSSE, ANTON, born in Munich,
(Milan, 1593). Fetis; Mendel. May 18, 1838, died in Berlin, June 23,
DENTICE, SCIPIONE, born in 1590, 1878. Di-amatic composer, pupil of the
died in Naples, Of the same royal school of music, then of E. Doctor
in 1G33.
famil}- he became a on the pianoforte, of Sturz in composition,
as Fabricio Deutice,
member of the Congregation of the Ora- and of Herzog on the organ and in score
tory, and a distinguished musician. His reading was instructor of the pianoforte ;
first book of Madrigals for five voices was at the above school in
1861-G4, and at a
dedicated to the Duke of Ferrara (Naples, music institute in Gotha until 18G8 re- ;
1591) second, do. (Venice, 1596)

; third turned to Munich in 1871, and settled in
;
and fourth, do. (Naples, 1G02) fifth, dedi- Berlin in 1875.

; Works Several operas :
cated to Cardinal Aquaviva (Naples, 1007). (MS.) Die Salbung Davids, ; oratorio ;
He wrote also responses, Tenebrro for Holy Pianoforte music and songs . Mendel
Week, many liymns, masses, Blagnificats, Riemann.
and a large number of motets. Fotis ;
DERCKUM, FRANZ, boin in Cologne
Mendel. in 1812, died May 11, 1872. Dramatic
DENZA, LUIGI, born at Castellamare, composer, puiîl of F. Schneider, of Dessau,
near Naples, in 1S4G, still living, 1888. then became in his native city instructor
Noted as a writer of popular songs. Works in the Rheinische Musikschule and director
published by Ricordi. of a Gesangverein ; also viola player in
DENZI, ANTONIO, Italian singer in a His compositions have
string quartet.
Prague, in 1724. Having lost his fortune not been permanently successful. Works :
as manager of the opera at Prague, he

com- Alda, opera, performed at Cologne in 184G ;
posed a national opera, Praga nascente da Other operas String quartets Four-jiart
; ;
Libussa e Primislao, ^vhich he brought out

songs Overtures. Mendel, iii. 113 Er-
;
;
in 1734. He
dedicated this work to the g'anz., 84 Fetis. ;
nobles of Bohemia, and played the r(*)le of DEREGIS, GAIIDENZIO, born at Agno-
Ctirad himself, and its success was so great ua, near Vereelli, in 1747, died at Ivrea,
that Denzi repaired his fortune. Fetis
in ISIG. He studied music at the seminary
;
Mendel ; Allgem. histor. Kunst-Lexik. fiir of Casadadda, Varallo,

under Coruola went ;
Boehmen., i. 321. thence to Borgo-Sesia, and became a jiupil

Dt^:PART, CHANT DU. See ChaiU du of his uncle, Giusejipe Deregis, in composi-
depart. tion. He was maestro di cappella of the Col-
DEPEfiS, JOSQUIN. See Despres. legio of Ivrea from 1775. Works Masses :
DEPRET, EDMOND, born at Virelles, and vesjiers with full orchestra, written in
Belgium, in 1827. Singer, puinl at the a learned style, preserved among the Col-
Brussels Conservatoire, where he took the legio MSS.~ Fetis Mendel. ;
first prize for singing in 1845. He went 1ST DES DEE ERDKREIS NUN
to London in 1859, and, after two years in HERRN, with fugue, in
five-part chorus,
Italy, returned thither, and studied com- B-flat major, in Mendelssohn's I'atdus, Part
position under Molique. Works : Septet II.
Nocturne for the pianoforte two trios for ; DER GLAUBE SCHAFFT DER SEELE
voices and several pieces of minor impor- FLUGEL, bass aria in B minor, with ac-
;
tance. At the fete given to liiug Leojjold, companiment of oboe d' amore, strings com-
415
;
:
DER
plete, and continuo, Jobann Sebastian in two acts, text by Tottola, music by Gio-
in
Bach's cantata: "ICer da glaubet und ge- vanni Pacini, given in Naples, Nov. 19,
tauft wird." 1825, and Paris, Oct. 2, 1830. Alidia, oder
DEE HERE GING YOEUBEE, clioius die letzten Tage von Pompeji, grand opera
in Mendelssohn's EUas, often known as the in three acts, text by Prechtler, music
whirlwind chorus. by Franz Lachner, Munich, April 12, 1839.
DEE HOLLE EACHE KOCHT. See Die letzten Tage von Pompeji, grand opera
Zanherflote. in four acts, text by Julius Pabst, music
DEEDsG (Dealing), EICHAED, born in by August Pabst, Dresden, Aug. 17, 1851
Kent, England, in the latter part of the grand opera, text by Pasque, music by
16th century, died about 1657. Organist, Peter MiiUer, Darmstadt, 1855. lone, ossia
educated in Italj-. On his return to Eng- I'ultimo giorno di Pompeji, Italian opera in
land he practised his profession in London, three acts, text by Peruzzini, music by Pe-
and took the degree of Mus. Bac, Oxford, trella, Milan, Jan. 21, 1858.
in 1610. Svibsequently he became organ- DEENIER ROI DE JUDA, LE (The
ist to the convent of English nuns, Brus- Last King of Judah), biblical ojjera in two
sels, and later organist to Queen Henrietta acts,poem by Maurice Bourges, music by
Maria from the time of her marriage to Georges Kastuer, executed in the Salle du
Charles I., 1625, until she left England. Conservatoii'e, Paris, Dee. 1, 1844:. This
Dering became a Roman Catholic, and died work, which is properly an oratoi'io, has for
in that faith. Published works Cantiones
: itssubject King Zedekiah, whose overthrow
sacrse quinque vocum, cum basso continuo by Nebuchadnezzar was succeeded by the
ad organum (Antwerp, 1597) Cantica
; Babylonish captivity.
Sacra, ad duas et tres voces, composita DERNlfcRE PENSfeE MUSICALE,
cum Basso continuo ad organum (London, (Last Musical Thought), a short jiiano-
1662). In Piavford's second set of Cantica forte piece in B-flat, by Beethoven, written
Sacra by various composers, are eight mo- in 1818, and first published as a supjale-
tets attributed, but doubtfully, to Dering. ment to the Berlin Allgemeine Musika-
The library of the English Harmonic So- lische Zeitung (Schlesinger) for Dec. 8,
ciety has some imperfect MS. sets of parts 1824. Another little pianoforte jiiece, en-
of the anthem. Unto Thee, O Lord the ; titled Derniure pensee de 'Weber, and
madrigal. The Country Cry and some mo- widely known as 'Uêber's last Waltz, was
;
tets
and several fancies for viols. Grove for some time generally supposed to be a
;
Riemann. composition of ^Yeber's it was, however, ;
DERNIER JOUR DE ISHSSOLONGHI, written by Reissiger, who was for some

LE (The Last Day of Missolonghi), drama time '\\'eber's colleague at the Dresden
in three acts, in verse, text by Ozaneaux, Q-peva.
music by Herold, represented at the Odeon, DEROSIERS, NICOLAS, lived in Hol-
Paris, April 10, 1828. land about the close of the 17th century.
DERNIER JOUR DE POMPEI, LE He had been chamber musician to the
(The Last Day of PomiDeii), opera in four Electress Palatine at Mannheim. Works
acts and five tableaux, text by Nuitter and Trois livres de trios pour divers instru-
Beaumont, music by Victorin Joucii-res, ments Ouvertures :\ trois parties et con-
;
represented at the Theatre Lyrique, Paris, certs a quatre, etc. (Amsterdam) Douze ;
Sept. 21, 1869. Subject from* Bulwer-Lyt- ouvertures pour la guitare, op. 5 (The
ton's " Last Days of Pompeii " (1831). The Hague, 1688) Mt'thode pour jouer de la
;
same subject had been pi-eviously treated in guitare, reprinted in Paris as, Nouveaux
L' ultimo giorno di Pompeja, Italian opera principes de la guitare (1689) La fuite ;
416

DER
du two violins, or tAvo
roi d'Aiigleterre, for par une abeille et gui'ri par un baiscr de
flutesand bass (Amsterdam, 1G89) Book ; Venus, ballet, 1753 ; Venus et Adonis, do.,
of guitar pieces with two second parts for 1759 ; Les sceurs rivales, opera-comique,
iustruments and basso continiio. Fetis ;
1762 ; Le bon seigneur, Les deux cousines,
Mendel. 1763 ; Les trois deesses rivales, 1788.
DER V0C4ELFANGER. See ZauberflOle. Futis ; do., Supplement, i. 259 ; Mendel,
DER, WELCHER WANDELT DIESE iii. 116 ; Larousse.
STRASSE. See Zaitherfiote. DESBUISSONS, :\riCHEL CHARLES,
DERX, J Wborn at Nymwegen, called Flandrus insulanus, born at LDle
,
Holland, in 1801, 1888. 'Organist, about 1520, died before 1573.

still living, Singer and
pupil of F. Hauff. He became organist of church composer, attached to the chapel
the Walloon church in his native place, in of the Emperor Ferdinand I. Works Can- :
1819, and organist of the Mennonite church, tiones aliquot musicfo, etc. (Munich, 1573) ;
Haarlem, in 1830. Works Organ preludes 13 motets for 5, 6, and 7 voices 5 do. for 5,
: ;
and pieces, psalms, chorals, and pianoforte 6, and 8 voices 3 do. for 5 and 6 voices one ; ;

music. Fetis, Supplement, i. 259 Mendel, motet for 12, one do. for 5, and one for 6
;
Ergiinz., 84. voices 25 motets for from 5 to 12 voices (in

;
DESAUGIERS, MARC ANTOINE, born Joaunelli's Novus thesaurus musicus, Venice,

at Friijus in 1752, died in Paris, Sept. 10, 1568). Fetis.
1793. Dramatic comjioser, studied with- DESERT, LE, symphonic ode in three
out a teacher, and went in 1774 to Paris, parts, jjoem by A. Colin, music by Felicien
where he first became known by a transla- David, given in the Salle du Conservatoire,
tion of "Reflexions sur I'Art de Chanter," by Paris, Dec. 8, 1844, and afterwards at the
J. B. Mancini (Paris, 1776). A great en- Opera Comique. This work, the descnp-
thusiast for the revolution, he composed a tive part of which is very remarkable, ex-
festival cantata, Hicrodrame, to celebrate cited general enthusiasm and opened the
the storming of the Bastille, which was per- way for the composer to public favour. In
formed at Notre Dame. He was intimate 1846 it was jjlayed in costume at Aix-la-
with Gluck and with Sacchini, for whose Chapelle.
obsequies he wrote a Requiem. Works D1-:SERTEUR, LE, drama in three acts,
Operas Le petit CEdipe, given at the text by Sedaine, music by Monsigny, repre-
:
Theatre Italien, 1779 Erixene, ou I'amour sented at the Theatre des Italiens, Paris,
;
enfant, Opora, 1780 Florine, Theatre Ita- March 6, 1769.

; This, Monsigny's best
lien, 1780 Les deux Sylphides, ib., 1781 work, was reproduced at the Ojiera Co-
; ;
Les jumeaux de Bergame, ib., 1782 L'a- mique, Oct. 30, 1843. The air sung by
;
mant travesti, Theatre de Monsieur, about Alexis, "Adieu, chere Louise," was long
1783 Jeannette et Lucas, La jeune veuve, popular. Der Deserteur, ojiera in two acts,
;
1788 Le nu'decin malgre lui, Theatre music by Ebell, Berlin, 1799 and opera in
; ;
Feydeau, 1791 Les rendez-vous, Theatre three acts, text by Ernest Pesque, music by
;
de Beaujolais, 1792 Belisaire (MS.). Fe- Ferdinand Hiller, Cologne, Feb. 17, 1865,
;
tis ;Mendel Riemann.; differ in subject from Monsigny's work.

DESBROSSES, ROBERT, born at Bonn, DESERTO SULLA TERRA. See Tro-
Rhenish Prussia, in 1719, died in Paris, vatore.
February, 1799. Dramatic composer, mem- DESHA YES, PROSPER DIDIER,
ber of the company of the Comedie Italienne French dramatic composer of the 18th
from 1743 to 1764. Works, given in Paris century, history unknown. His oratorios,
:
Les amusements champOtres, ballet, 1749 Les Machabees, and Le sacrifice de Jephte,
;
Mai, divertissement, 1751 ; Lamour pique were played at the Concerts Sjsirituels in
417
;
;;
DESLANDEES
1780 and 1786, and bis operas aud ballets 26), was an organist and composer. He
were given from 1782 at the Comudie Fran- had published church compositions. Fetis,
9aise, but be was never heard of after the Supplement, i. 261 Mendel, Ergiinz., 84. ;
close of the Revolution. He wrote, in con- DESLOUGES, PHILIPPE, French mu-

junction with Gretry, Mohul, Dalajrac, Devi- sician of the 16th century. He composed
en ne, Solie, Trial fils, Blasius, Kreutzer, motets preserved in a collection entitled :
Bertou, Cherubiui, and Jadiu, the music for Xn. motetz a quatre et cinq voix, composes
Le eongres des rois, played in 1793 at the par les autheurs cy-dessoubz escrijjts, na-
Theatre Favart. Works Comic operas: gueres inprimes a Paris par Pierre Attai-
Le faux serment, L'auteur a la mode, 1786 gnant, etc. (1529) ; and chansons in Pierre
Le paysan a pretention, Berthe et Pepin, Attaignant's collection of four-part songs
1787:"Adele et Didier, 1790; Nantdde et (1530). FOtis ; do.. Supplement, i. 261.
Dagobert, Zelia, ou le mari a deux femmes, DES3IARETS, HENRI, born in Paris in
1791 Suite de Zelia, Melite, ou le pouvoir

; 1662, died at Luneville, Sept. 7, 1741,
de la nature, 1792 Le petit Orphee, La ;
Dramatic composer. At first a page, he
fin du jour, 1793 Bella, ou la femme a ;
competed for the place of maitre de chapelle
deux maris, 1795 Don Carlos, 1799 ; to the king in 1683, when Louis XTV. pen-
Henri de Baviere, 1803. He left sympho- sioned him, thinking him too young for the
nies for full orchestra in MS., and a book of position. He composed and
several motets
pieces for wind instruments published by jiublished some of them under the name of
the Conservatoire. Fetis ; do., SujJiJle- Goujjillier, maitre de chapelle to the king,
ment, i. 260 ; Mendel. at Versailles and being dismissed therefor,
;
DESLANDRES, ADOLPHE EDOUARD he went to Senlis in 1700, and there mar-

MARIE, born in Paris, Jan. 22, 1840, still ried secretly the daughter of a government
living, 1888. Organist, pupil at the jCan- official, who rej)orted the case as one of
servatoire of Leborue in counterisoiut and abduction. Desmarets was sentenced to

fugue, and of Benoist on the organ first ; death, but escaped to Spain, and became
accessit for the organ in 185G, and second maestro de capilla to Philip V. foiu'teen ;
l^rize in 1857 ; first accessit for fugue in years later he went to Luneville, where he
1857, first prizes for fugue and organ
and was made superintendent of music to the
in 1858 honourable mention at the Institut
; Duke of Lorraine. He returned to Paris
in 1859, and second grand prix de Rome in in the time of the Regency, in 1722, and was
18G0. He became organist of the church pensioned by the Due d'Orleans. Works
of Sainte-Marie des Batignolles, where his Operas Didon, 1693
: Circe, 1694 The- ; ;
father was maitre de chapelle, and mean- agene et Chariclee, Les amours de Momus,
while studied composition. Works Di- : 1695 Venus et Adonis, 1697 Les fetes
; ;
manche et Luudi, comic "opera, given at the galantes, 1698 Iphigeuie en Tauride (with
;
Theatre de I'Athenee, 1872 Le chevalier ; a prologue by Campra), 1704 Renaud, ;
Bijou, operetta. Alcazar d'Hiver, 1875 Fri- ; 1722 and music for the birth of the Duke
;
dolin, do., ib., 1876 Les sept paroles du ; of Burgundy (1682). Fetis; Larousse ;
Christ, oratorio Sauvons nos freres, can-
; Mendel Riemann. ;
tata ; Mass ; Ode a I'harmonie ; Feuillets DE SON CCEUR JAI CALMfi LA FI-
d'album, collection of six vocal melodies f;VRE. See 3Iir;non.
La barque brisee, patriotic ode ; Medita- DESORMERY, JEAN BAPTISTE, born
tions, morceaux concertants for several in- at Nancy, in 1772, died (?). Pianist, pupil
struments, motets, pianoforte pieces, and of his father, Leopold Bastien Desormery,
songs. His brother, Georges Philippe Des- and of Hulmandel. Works : Sonatas for
landres (died in Paris, Oct. 12, 1875, aged pianoforte, op. 1, 2, 7, 14, 16 ; Sonatas for
418
;
; ,
DESORMERY
pianoforte witli accompaniment, op. 5, G, 9, d'honneur, which was not successful. Fe-
and 15 Sonata for four hands, oii. 11 tis do.. Supplement, i. 264 Mendel.
; ; ;
Airs varies and fantaisies. His op. 19, pub- DESPRES, JOSQUIN (Josse), born at
lished in 1831, consisted of twenty-four Conde, near Saint-
studies for the pianoforte in the twenty- four Quentiu, Hai-
keys. Futis, 5 ; Mendel. uaut, about 1150
DESORMERY, LEOPOLD BASTIEN, -55, died there,
born Bayon, Lorraine, died at Beauvais Aug. 27, 1521.
at
in 1810. Singer and dramatic composer, His real name, re-
2)upil of the Primatial school of Nancy. corded in his epi-
He went to Paris in 1765, and was in Stras- taph at Conde, was
burg in 1770, when he carried off the double Josse Despres
prize of two gold medals for a motet in Josquin or Josse-
'
Latin, given at the Concert Spirituel in kin being a di-
1770. Later, he was engaged to sing at minutive. He was called in Latin Jodocus
the Comudie Italienne, where he remained Pratensis, and in Italian Jusquino or Gius-
until 1778.
Works Operas La fote du quino del Prato Ijut his name is found in
: ;
1775; Hylas et Eglu (with Legros)

village, many forms, as Dejires, de Pre's, Dej^ret,
Euthyme et Lyris, given at the Acadomie Deproz, Dupro, etc. At first a choir-boj' in
Royale, 1776 (22 times in succession) the Cathedral of Saint-Quentin, he studied
;
Myrtil and Lycoris, at Court, 1777, after- couuter2)oiut under Okeghem, probably at
wards Opera Les Montaguards, and Tours, and in 1471-84 was a member of
at the ;
others,
which were not played. Fetis do.. the jsapal choir at Rome under Sixtus IV.
;
Supplement, i. 263 Mendeh ;

He next j)assed some time (probably from
DESORMES, L C French com- 1484 to 1490) in Florence, much esteemed
,
poser, contem^jorary. He has written the by Lorenzo the Magnificent and then ;
music of several operettas and musical probably lived at the court of Ercole, Duke
sketches, represented in Paris : Deux beau- of Ferrara certainly he was at one time,
;
tcs Maitre Luc

d'autrefois ;
Pruuelle ; and necessarily after 1498, in the service of
et Piffard Le menu de Georgette, 1871

;
Louis XII. in Paris, where he lived on terms
Les diamants de Florinette, 1875 Una of close intimacy with the king.
; The story
lune de miel normande, Le rove d'Yvou- that he was appointed maitre de chapelle at
nette, 1876. He has published also sev- Cambrai is probably false. At last he was
eral chansons and chansonnettes, and some undoubtedly ajipointed, by Emperor Maxi-

dance music. Ftitis, Supplement, i. 263. milian I., to the post of provost of the cathe-
DESPRfiAUX, GUILLAUME ROSS, dral chapter at Conde (not, as has been re-,
born at Clermont, France, in 1803, died (?). jjorted, to a post in Vienna). The date of
Dramatic composer, pupil at the Paris Con- this last appointment was not earlier than
servatoire, under Fetis and Bertou for com- 1515. Josquin, the most distinguished of
position. He was an actor at the Gymnase Okeghem's pupils, has, with reason, been
Dramatique from 1821 to 1828. He gained called the first really great composer. He
the 2d grand prix of the Institut in 1827, was the first man to make the intricacies of
and the 1st prix de Rome
in 1828, for his Netherlandish counterpoint the vehicle for
cantata Orphee, played, at the Institut. ideal musical beauty and expressiveness.
From Rome he sent in 1830 a Requiem His fame during his own lifetime was such
and a Dies irse, and on his return to Paris as few composers have ever enjoyed it was ;
in 1833, brought out an opera, Le souper from England

virtually universal, reaching
du mari and in 1838 another, La dame
; to Italy. He was everywhere i-ecognized
419
";
DESQUESKES
unhesitatingly as the greatest musician of Netherlands, as cantor, and that through
the age no one dared to call himself his her influence he obtained the two preben-
;
rival. Compared with the huge mass of his daries of Tournay and Aix from her son,
compositions, but few were published dui-- Alexander of Parma. It is also probable
ing his lifetime he was punctiliously care- that it is his name which
;
is registered as a
ful in and worked long over a composer in the exchequer of the Archduke
writing,
composition before he would allow it to be Ernest, governor of the Netherlands, in
performed. He was evidently a man of 1630. Biog. nat. de Belgique, v. 787 Fe- ;
hi'ih efeueral culture, even for his time. tis do., Supplement, i. 264 Mendel do., ; ; ;
He was buried in the choir at Coude. Our Ergiinz., 84.

portrait is from the one of him in Van der DESSAUER, JOSEPH, born in Prague,
Straeten's "La Musique aux Pays-Bas May 28, 1798, died at Modling, near Vien-
(Brussels, 1867). The original in the na, July 8, 1876. He studied the pianoforte
church of Saiute-Gudule, in Brussels, has at Prague under Tomascheck, and composi-
disappeared. The following is a list of his tion under Dionys Weber visited Najjles ;
most important published works 19 Masses. in 1821, and travelled in Italy, France, and
:
In Petrucci's Lib. i. (Venice, 1502) L'omme England in 1831-32. His songs were well
:
arme super voces musicales La sol fa re mi received in Paris, and his reputation in
; ;
Gaudeamus Fortuna desperata L'omme Germany is chiefly due to them. "Works

; ;
arme, sexti toni. In Petrucci's Lib. ii. Operas Lidwinna, performed at Prague in :
(Venice, 1503) Ave Maris stella Hercu- 1836 Der Besuch in Saiut-Cyr, Dresden,
: ; ;
les dux Ferrarse Malheur me bat Lami ; 1838 "Paquita, Vi-

; ;
Baudichon Una musque de Byscaia

; enna, 1851 Do- ;
Dung aultre amer. In Petrucci's Lib. iii. Z^^^^^>&U.Oiy^ minga, oder die
(Fossombrone, 1516) Mater jsatris Fay- : Schmuggler in deu
;
saut regres Ad fugam Di dadi super Pyrenaen, 1860 Oberon and many songs
; ; ; ;
n'arai je De beata Virgine Sine nomine, and pianoforte pieces. Allgem. d. Biogr., v.
; ;
lu Otto's "MissiB xiii." (Nuremberg, 1539): 74 Fotis do., Sui^ploment, i. 264 Men- ; ; ;
Da pacem Pauge lingua. Especially fine del Wurzbach.

; ;
are his masses La sol fa re mi. Ad fugam,

: DESSOFF, OTTO (FELIX), born in
De beata Virgine, Pauge lingua, and Da Leipsic, Jan. 14, 1835, still living, 1888.
pacem his motets on the genealogies in Studied at the Leipsic Conservatorium in
;
the first chapters of Matthew and Luke 1851-54 under Moscheles, Plaidy, Haupt- ;
his Miserere, 5 voc; Planxit autem David, mann, and Rietz. He was a conductor suc-

and Absalon fili mi, 4 voc. Ambros, iii. cessively in Chemnitz, Altenburg, Diissel-
200 Monatschrift fiir Musikgeschichte, iii. dorf, Aix-la-Chapelle, Magdeburg, and Cas-
;
212 ;Naumann (Ouseley), i. 310 Grove sel and in 1860 became Kapellmeister at ; ;
;
Eockstro, 54. the Vienna Hof-ojjer. The same year he

DESQUESNES (d'Esquenes), JEAN, was chosen to conduct the Pliilhai-mouic
lived at the beginning of the 17th century. Concerts in Vienna, and in 1861 he was
He is supposed to have been a native of made professor of composition at the
Mons, or Saint-Ghilain, in Hainaut. He is Vienna Conservatorium. Since 1875 he
the author of a collection of compositions has been Hof-Kapellmeister at Carlsruhe.
entitled : Madrigali di Giov. Desquesues, il He is considered one of the best German
primo libro a cinque voci (Antwerp!, 1591). conductors. Works Sonata for pianoforte
: ;
Pougin says that documents lately discov- songs ; and some orchestral and chamber
ered prove thst he was in the service of music never published. Mendel ; Fetis,
Marguerite of Parma, Queen Kegeut of the Supplement, i. 264.
42U
; ;
DESSY
DESSY, BATTISTA, born at Cagliaii, etta, Weimar ; Die bliihende Aloe, do., ib. ;
Italy ; coutemporary. He
has beeu con- Der Teufel und der Schneider, comic opera,
ductor at several theatres, and is maestro Munich, 1843 Music to Schiller's William ;
concertatore and conductor at the theatre Tell, Maid of Orleans, Wallenstein's Camp,
of Cagliari, where he produced, about 1875, Bride of Messina, to Werner's Wanda, and
two operas Don Martino d' Ai-agona, and to Kotzebue's Hussiten von Naumburg
: ;
Un cuore di marinajo. A third, Suor Ter- Masses and other church music Concerto ;
esa,
has not been played. Fetis, Supple- for pianoforte and orchestra Sonatas, ;
ment, i. 264. fantasias, variations, etc., for pianoforte

DESTOUCHES, ANDRE CAEDINAL, Sonatas for do., violin, and violoncello.
born in Paris in 1672, died there in 1749. AUgem. d. Biog., v. 77 ; Fetis ; Mendel
He went to Siam with the Jesuit father Riemann.
Tachard, intending to join the order of about 1828, DESTRIBAUD, PAUL, bom
Jesus himself, but on his return became a Pupil at the Paris Con- still living, 1888.
professor of music, and brought out an servatoire under Hippolyte Colet. He is

opera, Isse, at the court, in 1697, which the author of several romances, and Venus
was successful from its originalitj', He au moulin d'Ampijshros, operetta, Bouflfes
had never studied composition at this time, Parisiens, 1856 and Sylvio-Sylvia, comic ;
and was obliged to have the assistance of opera, Opera Comique, 1861. He became
a thorough musician wheu he wished to a financier and gave up musical composi-
reduce his ideas to music. He afterwards tion. Fetis, Supplement, i. 264.
studied music thoroughly, especially coun- DESVIGNES, \1CT0R FRAN(,'OIS,
terpoint but his subsequent jjroductions born at Treves, June 5, 1805, died at Metz,
;
were not as successful as the first, which Dec. 30, 1853. Dramatic composer, stud-
was represented again at the Opera in 1768. ied at first the violin, and was for years
He was superintendent of the King's music conductor in the theatres of provincial
and inspector general at the Opera, from cities, and after a stay in Paris, during
1713 until his death. ^Yorks Amadis de which he completed his studies in harmony,
:
Grece, given in 1699 Marthcsia, reine des resumed this life until he settled at Metz,
;
Amazones, Fontainebleau, 1699 Omphale, where he became director of the theatre.

;
Paris, 1701 ; 1704 In 1835 he founded a conservatory, which

Le caruaval et la folic, ;
CaUirhoe, 1712 Telemaque, 1718 Semi- flourished to such a degree that it was
; ;
ramis, 1725 les Elements, opera-ballet taken in charge by the government in 1841,
;
(with Lalande), 1726 Les stratagemes de as a branch of the Paris Conservatoire.

;
I'amour, 1726. Louis XIV. pensioned him Member of Metz Academy. Works: Two
late in life. Fetis
Larousse Mendel trios for pianoforte, violin, and violoncello
; ; ;
Riemaun. Trio for harp, violin, violoncello Adagio ;
DESTOUCHES, FRANZ SERAPH VON, for do. Duo for harp (or pianoforte), and ;
born in Munich, Jan. 21, 1772, died there, violin 6 duos coucertants for pianoforte
;
Dec. 10, 1844. Dramatic composer, pupil and violin 3 suites of canons without
;
of Josef Haydn in Vienna (1787-91) be- ; words; 4 do., with words; Many sacred
came musical director at Erlangen in 1797, and secular choruses Romances and melo- ;
Conzertmeister at Weimar, 1799, professor unpublished Stabat Mater, per- dies ;

:
of harmony at the university of Laudshut,formed at Metz, 1833 Lequel des trois, ;
in 1810, Hof-Kapellmeister at Homburg in comic opera La belle au bois dormant, ;
1826, and retired to Munich in 1842. fairy opera Symphony in D 9 overtures ; ;
Works Die Thomasnacht, opera, given in for grand orchestra Several works of
:
;
Munich, 1792 ; Das Missverstiindniss, ojier- chamber music ; Romances, chansouuettes.
431
DE SWERT
choruses, serenades, etc., for one, two, and Deum and an Anthem for the occasion.
three voices.
Supplement, i. 264
Fctis, ;
The original score of the Te Deum, in
Gaudar, V. F. Desvignes (Metz, 1854). Buckingham Palace, is dated at the begin-
DE SWEKT, JULES, born at Louvaiu, ning, July 17, 1743, but is not dated at the
Belgium, Aug. 15, end ; the Anthem, in the British Museum,
1843, still living, 1888. is dated July 30, 1743, at the beginning, and
Dramatic composer August 3, 1743, at the end. The two were
and violoncellist ; son publicly rehearsed at the Chapel Royal,
of Hermann De Swert, Whitehall, Nov. 18th and 25th, and per-
Belgian musician formed at the thanksgiving in the Chapel
(born in 1803), and Eoyal, Saint James's, Nov. 27, 1743. This
brother of Isidore De is one of the greatest of Handel's later
Swert (1830), violon- works. It is claimed that he was indebted
cellist, and Jean De for many of the themes to a similar work
Swert (1832), violinist by Francesco Antonio Urio. The Te Deum
and pianist. He played in public before was published first by Wright, the Anthem
he was nine years of age, went to Brussels by Arnold jjublished b}' Handel Society ;
in 185G and became a pupil of Servais at (London, 1846), and by Hilndelgesellschaft

the Conservatoire, where he won the first (Leipsic, 1866). Rockstro, Handel, 271 ;
violoncello prize in 1858. He has travelled Grove, iv. 209 E. Prout, Monthly Musical ;
l^rofessionally in Belgium, Holland, Ger- Record, Nov. 1, 1871.

many, and England, became Conzertmeister DEUCALION ET PYRRHA, opera in
at Diisseldorf in 18G5, first violoncellist in by Sainte-Foix and Morand,
five acts, text
the court orchestra at Weimar in 1868, music by Pierre Montan Berton in collabo-
roj'al Conzertmeister, solo violoncellist and ration with Giraud, represented at the Aca-
professor in Berlin in 1869. He resigned domie Royale de Musique, Paris, Sept. 30,
in 1873, to undertake new1755 opera-comique in one act, text by
concert tours, ;
and made his home Wiesbaden, and Michel Carre and Jules Barbier, music by
first at
since 1881 at Leipsic. Works Die Albi- Mont-fort, given at the Opera Comique, Oct.
:
genser, 02)era, given at Wiesbaden, 1878 8, 1855. ;
Graf Hanimerstein, do., Mainz, 1884 Nord- DEUTSCHE MESSE (German Mass), in
;
seefahrt, symphony Three concertos for F, text by Johana Philipp Neumann, for
;
violoncello with orchestra or jîanoforte four voices, with wind instruments or organ,
(Mainz) Itomances for do., with piano- bj- Franz Schubert, composed in 1826 for
;
forte, op. 4 Fantasia, with orchestra or the students of the Polj'technic Institute,
;
pianoforte, op. 25 (Mainz) Fantaisie de Vienna.

; Second arrangement, for male
salon, op. 26 3 duos de salon, pour violou- voices, 1827.
; Published by Gotthard (Vi-
celle et piano ; Barcarolle, Capriccio, Ma- enna).
zurka, op. 29 (Cassel) ; 3 morceaux pour DEUTSCHE MICHEL, DER, German
violoncelle et piano. Fetis, Supplement, i. opera, text and music by Adolph ]\Iohr,
265 ; Eiemann. represented at Breslau, May 8 Nuremberg,
;
DETTINGEN TE DEUM, music by Oct. 28 ; Magdeburg, Dec. 11 and Leip-;
Handel, written in commemoration of the sic, Dec. 14, 1887.

victory of Dettingen, June 27, 1743. On DEUTSCHES REQUIEM, EIN (A Ger-
the return of Iving George H. from Dettin- man Requiem), biblical poem, for solo
gen, where he commanded in person, a voices, chorus, and orchestra, bj' Brahms,
public thanksgiving was ap23ointed, and op. 45, first performed in Vienna, at the
Handel commissioned to prepare a Te Gesellschafts Conzert, 1868. Published by
DKUTSOIILANDS
Rietei'-Biedermami. Given In- tlic [Milwau- jsrez, music by Gri'try, represented at the
kee (Wiscousiu) Musikverein, 1875. Woch- Comudie Italienne, Paris, Jan. 12, 1792.
enblatt (1870), 5, 20, 35, 52, 67. DEUX FAMILLES, LES (The Two Fam-
DEUTSCHLANDS AUFERSTEHUNG ilies), drama in three acts, text by Planard,
(Germany's Kesurrectiou), festival cantata music l)y Labarre, represented at the Oiî'ra
for male voices and by Joachim Coinique, Paris, Jan. 11, 1831.
orchestra, Subject
Eaff, first ijerformed in 1863. Written for from the history of the Cid. The bass air,
the fiftieth anniversary of the memorable "Non, de ma juste colere," is classic and
battle of Leipsic, Oct. 16-19, 1813, which one of the most beautiful in the French
preci2)itated the downfall of Najjoleon. rei:)ertory.
DEUX AMOUES, ojjera in DEUX JOUENEES, LES (The Two

one act, text
by Eugene Cormon and Amedee Achard, Days), lyric comedy in three acts, text by
music by Gevaort, rei)reseuted at Baden- Bouilly, music by Cherubiui, rejjresent-
Baden, July 31, 1861. ed at the Theatre Feydeau, Paris, Jan. 16,
DEUX AELEQUINS, LES, opera-co- 1800. The scene is laid in the time of
mique in one act, text by Mestepes, music Cardinal Mazarin, and the hero is Antonio,
by Emile Jonas, represented at the Fantai- a little Savoyard, who saves the proscribed
sies Parisieunes, Dec. 29, 1865. Count Armand by carrying him out of Paris
DEUX AVARES, LES (The Two Misers), concealed in a water-cask. This ojjera,
comedy intwo acts, text by Fenouillot de which is generally considered Cherubini's

Falbaire, music by Gretry, represented at greatest work, is called in Germany Der
the Comedie Italienue, Paris, Dec. 6, 1770. Wassertriiger (The Water-carrier). The
It had been previously played, Oct. 17, be- same subject is treated in Le porteur
fore the court at Foutainebleau. The dia- d'eau, opera-comique in one act, music by
logue is feeble, but the music is among Lemiere de Corvey, Paris, 1801 Le due ;
Gretry 's best compositions. I due avari, giornate, Italian comic opera, text by Fop-
an Italian translation of the text, with mu- pa, music by Simon Mayr, Milan, 1801 ;
sic by Nicolo Isouard, was given in Malta, The Escajses, or the Water-carrier, English
about 1797. The original text, with new ojêra, by Thomas Attwood (with part of
music by Agnelli, excei^tiug the famous Cherubini's music), London, 1801 and II ;
chorus by Gretrj', "La garde passe, il est portatore d' acqua, Italian opera, text by
minuit," was produced at the Marseilles d' Arienzo, music by Paolo Fabrizi, Naples,
Theatre in ilarch, 1860. 1841.Hansliek, Moderne Oper, 86.
DEUX AVEUGLES, LES (The Two DEUX LETTEES, LES (The Two Let-
Blind Men), operette in one act, text opera-comique in one act, text by De-
by ters),
Jules Moiueaux, nuisic by Offenbach, rep- jaure, music by Boieldieu, represented at the
resented at the Bouffes Parisiens, July 5, Theatre Feydeau, Paris, Aug. 4, 1796. Op-
1855. It was given in English, with the era in two acts, music by L. E. Jadin, given
title Beggar my
Neighbour, at the Gallery at the Favart, Paris, 1797.
of Illustration, London, in 1869. DEUX MOTS (Two Words), ou une nuit
DEUX BILLETS, LES, salon opera, text dans la foret (A Night in the Forest), com-
by Florian, music by Charles Poisot, rep- edy in one act, text by Marsollier, nmsic by
resented at the Salle Beethoven, Paris, Dalayrac, first given in Paris in 1798 rep- ;
April, 1858 music by Adolphe Blanc, Pa- resented at the Opera Comique, June 9,
;
ris, 1868 ;music by Ferdinand Poise, Athe- 1806. A French officer and his servant,
nee, Paris, Feb. 19, 1870. who have taken refuge for the night in a
DEUX COUVENTS, LES (The Two forest inn, are saved from the attack of a
Convents), opera in three acts, text by Des- robber by the timely warning of the land-
423
DEUX
lady's pretty maidservant. The same sub- married (119G) Agnes de Meranie, and the
ject is treated in the German opera Zwei subsequent
struggle between him and Pope
^Yorte, oder eine Nacbt im "Walde, by Con- Innocent III. The characters of the two
radiu Kreutzer, Vienna, 1810. queens, Ingelburge and Agnes, were repre-
DEUX NUITS, LES (The Two Nights), sented by Mmes Dica-Petit and Tholer the ;
opora-comique iu three acts, text by Scribe other roles of Philipiê Auguste, the Comte
and Bouillj', music bj' Boieldieu, repre- de Landresse, the Cardinal, and the Comte
sented in Paris, May 20, 1829. This work, de Nevers, by Bresil, Berton pere, Dupont-
which contains many charming numbers, Vernon, and Debray.
worthy of the author of La dame blanche, DEVASINI, , Italian comjjoser, con-
was a failure on account of the uninterest- temiôrary. He studied at the Milan Con-
ing libretto, the j)lot of which turns on the servatorio until 1842, composing while there
ruses of a valet. It was the composer's last his Francesca da Rimini, a musical drama,
dramatic work, and it is probable that his played by bis fellow-students at the Con-
disappointment at its reception hastened servatorio, 1841, and Un giorno di nozze,
the disease, the germs of which he had opera buffa, ib., 1842. He has written also
brought from Russia. An oj)era-comique a sextet for fiute, oboe, two clarinets,
of the same title, in two acts, text by Cofiu- horn and bassoon, and other music. Fe tis ;
Eosny and Eeraud, music bj' Leblauc, was Mendel.

given at the Theatre de la Gaite, Paris, May DEVIENNE, FRANgOIS, born at Join-
31, 1802. (Haute-Marne), Jan. 31, 1759, died at
ville
DEUX P^CHEUES, LES (The Two
Charenton, Sept. 5, 1803. Dramatic com-
Fishermen), oprrette in one act, text by poser, tlute and bassoon player, pupil of his
Bourget and Dujjeuty, music by Offenbach, brother, who was musician to the Duke of
represented at the Bouiifes Parisiens, Nov. Zweibriicken. He became musician to the
13, 1857. Cardinal de Roliau, flute jilayer in the band
DEUX PETITS SAVOYARDS, LES and in 1788 bassoon
of the Gardes-Suisses,
(The Two Little Savoyards), opera-comique player in the orchestra of the Theatre de
in one act, text by Marsollier, music by Monsieur. He was also professor at the
Dalayi'ac, represented at the Comedie Ita- Conservatoire amtil 1802. His intense ap-
lienue, Paris, Jan. 11, 1789. Two little Sa- plication to his musical duties and to com-
voyards, who attract the attention of a Sei- position, to which he devoted eight hours a
gneur at a fair held in his park, and who day, resulted in brain trouble, and he died
refuse his offer of adoption because they in the insane hospital of Charenton. He
are unwilling to leave their mother, turn left a valuable "Methode de flute theorique
out to bo his nephews. The libretto, de- et pratique " (Paris, 1795), which has passed
spite its silly sentimentality, is pleasing, through several editions. Works Operas :
and the music is full of grace. The song, Encore des Savoyai-ds, given in Paris, The-
in dialect, of the two Savoyards, " Escouto atre de Monsieur, 1789 Le mariage clan- ;
d'Jeannetto," was long popular in France. destin, Theatre Montansier, 1791, and in
DEUX EEINES DE FRANCE, LES Hamburg, 1798 Les precieuses ridicules, ;
(The Two Queens of France), drama in four 1791 Les visitandines, Les quiproquos
;
acts, text by Ernest Legouve, music by espagnols, Theatre Feydeau, 1792 Rose et ;
Charles Gounod, represented at the Theatre Aurele, ib., 1793 Agnes et Felix, ou les
;
Italien, Paris, Nov. 27, 1872. Subject, the deux espiegles, 1794 Valecour, ou un ;
excommunication of Philippe Auguste, King tour de page, 1797 Les comediens ambu- ;
of France, who had divorced Lis queen lants, 1798 Le valet de deux maitres, 1799.
;
Ingelburge, and, in defiance of a papal bull, His vocal music comprised Romances :
434
; ;
DETir;s
d'Estello,with pianoforte and flute Eo- the 2)arts of Lo Devin, of Colin, and of Co-
;
mauccs do Gousalve de Cordoue, piano- lette. Notwithstanding that the music

of
forte, and flute or violin, op. 53 (1795) Le devin du village has been generally at-
Eomances patriotiques Chansons republi- tributed to Rousseau, who also claimed it
;
caines, aTusage des fetes nationales Pre- ; as his own, there seems to be some doubt
miere livraison de six romances, paroles de concerning its authorship, and Castil-Blaze
Lablee, with jjianoforte and havp. His or- it was composed by Granet, an
asserts that
chestral music consisted of sj'mphonies, obscure musician of Lyons, and only the
such as Hymphonio concertante pour haut- libretto belongs to Rousseau but the ;
bois,ou clarinette et basson (1793) ; Sym- character of the music itself would seem
phonie concertante pour flute, hautbois, enough to show that it was not the work
cor et basson, avec orchestre (1794) ; La of a professional musician. The work had
Bataille de Jemmajses, for twenty instru- many imitations and parodies, such as
ments (179G) Ouvertures pour instru- Annette et Lubin, by Blaise, Paris, 1762
;
ments h vent a I'usage des fetes, nationales, Rose et Colas, Monsigny, Paris, 1761 The ;
and many others Concertos, quartets, trios, Cunning Man, Dr. Burney, London, 1766
;
;
sonatas, and many other pieces of which L'astien und Bastienne, Mozart, Vienna,
Fetis gives a list, for flute, for pianoforte, 1768 Rose and Colin, Charles Dibdiu,;
etc., in which one of the numbers contains London, 1778; Colin et Colette,
Vanden-
158 duets for various instruments, pub- broeek, Paris, 1789 Annette et Lubin, ;
lished in Paris, London, OiTenbach, and Jadiu, Paris, 1791. Fetis, vii. 496 Castil- ;
Berhn (1788-1801). He published also: Blaze, Moliere Musicien, ii. 408 Edwards, ;
Douze suites d'harmonies huit ct douze Hist, of the Opera, i. 261.

ii
parties (Paris, 1798-1801). Fetis do., DE VOLDER, PIERRE JEAN, born in

;
Supplement, 266 Larousse Mendel Eie- Antwerp, July 27, 1767, died in Brussels,
; ; ;
mann. June 27, 1841. Violinist, pupil of Redin, vio-

DEVIL'S OPEEA, THE, English opera linist at the cathedral. He became first vio-
in two acts, test by George Macfarren, mu- the Church of Saint-Jacques at the
linist of
sic by George Alexander Macfarren, repre- age of sixteen, then at the theatre, and sub-
sented at the English Opera House, Lon- sequently was leader of the Concert Orches-
don, Aug. 13, 1838. This, the composer's tra. In 1794 ho began the manufacture of
first dramatic work, at once drew public organs at Ghent, and became celebrated for
attention to him. his instruments, of which he constructed
DEVIN DU VILLAGE, LE (The Village about seventj'-eight. In 1831 he removed
Sorcerer), pastoral opera in one act, text and his manufactory to Brussels, where he re-
music by Jean Jacques Eousseau, first rep- sided until his death. Works 5 masses :
resented at Fontainebleau, Oct. 18, 1752 for four voices and orchestra
; 2 concertos ;
and at the Academie Royale de Musique, for violin ; 2 symphonies concertantes ; 9

Paris, March 1, 1753. The literai-y reputa- quartets for two violins, viola and bass ; La
tion and social
position of the author in- bataille d'lena, symphony for full orchestra ;
sured this mediocre work a success which La bataille de Waterloo La jeunesse d'Henri ;
it would not otherwise have had. It was v., ojaera in three acts; Hymns, motets, and
last played in 1829, after more than four litanies Fantaisies for two orchestras ;
hundred representations. At last a wig Nocturnes and divertissements for several

thrown upon the stage during one of the instruments. Biog. nat. de Belgique, v.
scenes, created such a laugh that it was 847 Fetis. ;
withdrawn. In the original east Cuvilier, DEZftDE (Dezaides), N., born about
Jelyotte, and Mile de Fel sang respectively 1740, died in Paris in 1792. Dramatic
DIABELLI
composer ; his nationality is iinlvnown, Michael Haydn. On the secularization of
some biographers him a German, the Bavarian monasteries in 1803, he gave
calling
others maintaining that he was born in Ly- up the idea of becoming a priest, and went
ons. He himself never knew the year of to Vienna, where he was well received by
his birth, nor did. any member of his family. Joseph Haydn, and taught the pianoforte
He received the education of a gentleman, and the guitar until 1818, when he went
first at college, then under the care of into the music publishing business with
an abbe who taught him music and the Peter Cajijii, and in 1824 became the head
harj). He went to Paris to finish his mu- of the firm of Diabelli & Co., from which
sical education, in consequence of his he retired in 1852.
and His compositions are
efforts there to findout the source of the numerous, and sometimes interesting, if not
income which he received regularly through solid. Works Adam in der KJemme, oj)- :
a legal firm, he was thrown upon his own era, performed but once, at Vienna, in 1809 ;
resources and obliged to make music his Church music, including the Landmesseu,
profession. In 1785 he became composer or masses for the country Choruses, Die ;
to Duke Maximilianof Zweibriicken, after- Betende von Mathisson, Weihuachtshed,

wards Elector and King of Bavaria, and Der Engel der Geduld Waltz, upon which ;
received the title and pay of captain on Beethoven wrote 33 variations Sonatas, ron- ;
condition of going to Zweibriicken once a dos, variations, songs, and many easy pieces
year for two months but his best work was and arrangements for young pianists. All-
;
done in Paris for the Comedie Franjaise. gem, d. Biogr. Fetis Mendel Wurzbach. ; ; ;
"Woi'ks
Operas, given at the Theatre Ita- DIABLE A L'ECOLE, LE (The Devil at
lien : Julie, 1772 ; L'erreur d'un moment, by School), oj)cra-comique in one act, text
Le sti-atageme decouvert, 1773 music by Ernest Boulanger, repre-
; Les trois Scribe,
fermiers, 1777 Zulima, Le portenr de sented at the Opera Comique, Paris, Jan.
;
chaises, 1778 A
tromjêur, trompeur et 17, 1842.
; Scene in Italj'. Stenio, who has
demi, 1780 Cecile, 1781 Blaise et Babet, staked his fortune against Babylas, sent
; ;
1783 Alexis et Justine, 1785 Auguste et upon earth by Satan to win a soul, and lost,
; ;
Theodore, ou les deux pages, 1789 Fer- has it returned on condition of delivering;
dinand, 1790 Pauline et Clairette, ou les himself up at midnight. Fiamma, his fos-
;
deux espicgles, 1792 La fete de la cin- ter-sister, proposes to the demon to take
;
quautaine, 1796. At the Opera Fatme, ou his place, and putting herself under the
:
le langage des fleiirs, 1777; Peroune sauvage, protection of her patroness, defies Babylas,
1783 Alcindor, 1787. A musical comedy who returns to his master empty-handed.
;
in one act, by Mile Dezede, his daughter, An opera of the same title, music by Bou-
then fifteen years old, was represented in bee, was given at the Societa Filarmonica
1781 at the Italiens, Paris. Fetis
do., de' Nobili, Naples, Feb. 17, 1880.;
Sui^plement, i. 267 Clement, Mus. celebres, ; DIABLE AU jMOULIN, LE (The Devil

147 Larousse Mendel.
; ; at the Mill), opera-comique in one act, text
DIABELLI, ANTON, born at Mattsee, by Cormou and Michel Carre, music by Ge-
Salzburg, Sept. 6, 1781, died in Vienna, vaert, represented at the Opera Comique,
April 8, 1858. He received his earliest Paris, May 13, 1859. A choleric miller,
music lessons from his father, became a Antoine, who abandons himself to fits of
choir-boy, and while attending the Munich anger on the least provocation, is cured of
Latin school continued his musical studies. his folly by Marthe, who, feigning to admire
He entered a convent to study theology, him, imitates all his acts with usury.
but found time for many compositions, DIADESTfi, LE, opera-eomique in two
which he submitted to his father's friend, acts, text by Priot and Saint-Hilaire, music
DIAMANTI
by Jules Go Jefroid, represented at tlic Opi'ra most successful operas of its class, both in
Comique, Paris, Sept. 7, 1836. The plot its French and its English form. It was
tams on an Arabic game in which two first performed in London, as Crown Dia-
players, male and female, do not receive
anything from each other's hand within a
given time without saying " diadeste," on
penalty of a forfeit. Diadeste, Italian opera
buffa, textby Fitzball, music by Balfe, was
produced at Drury Lane, London, May 17,
1838. Kenney, Memoirs, 132.
DIAMANTI, PAOLO, born in the Eo-
magna, about 1805. Buffo singer and com-
poser member of the Teatro Commuuale,
;
Bologna, in 1838, where he brought out

two operas La distruzione
: de' Masuadieri,
and La Turca fedele. Ft'tis ; Mendel.
DIAMANTS DE LA COURONNE, LES
(The Crown Diamonds), text by Scribe and
Saint-Georges, music by Auber, represented
at the Opera Comique, Paris, IMarch G,
1841. Scene in Portugal, time 1777. The
young queen of Portugal, having pledged
the crown diamonds for the national debt,
seeks to deceive her people by having false monds, at the Princess's Theatre, May 2,
stones made to take their place. She visits 1844, with Mme Thillon in the principal
in disguise the cavern where bandits, led part and it had a still greater success in
;
by EeboUedo, carry on the manufacture of 1854, when it was produced at Drury Lane
false money and false jewels, and while by the Pyne-Harrison troupe, and had a
masquerading there as Catarina meets Dom run of a hundred nights. It was first given
Henrique de Sandoval, who has been capt- in New York at Niblo's Garden, 1850, also
ured by the gang while on his way to sign with Mme Anna Thillon in the chief role.
a marriage contract with his cousin Diana, DIANA, German opera, text by Konig,
daughter of the Conde de Campo INIayor, music by Keiser, represented at Hamburg,
Minister of Police at Coimbra. Dom Henri- 1712 (given as Cupido, Hamburg, 1724) ;
que is fascinated by Catarina and makes Diane, opera ballet, music by Struck, rep-
love to her notwithstanding his relations to resented at Versailles, about 1714 ; Diane,
Diana, who in turn ^jrefers Dom Sebastien divertissement, music by Jacques Aubert
to her aflSanced. Catarina, after mystifying and de Bourgeois, Paris, 1721 operette ;
Dom Henrique in her assumed characters, bouffe, music by Millocker, Vienna, Jan. 2,
at last appears in her role of queen and 18G7. Diana amante, Italian opera, text by
announces that she has chosen him for her Orlandi, music by Giuseppe Antonio Ber-
husband, and Diana is made happy with nabei, Munich, 1GS8 music by Leo, Na- ;
Dom Sebastien. The principal part in the ples, 1717 Diana ed Endimione, Italian
;
original representation was tilled by jNIme opera, music by Scarlatti, Italy, about 1675 ;
Anna Thillou, for whom Auber expressly music by Ignazio Fiorillo, Cassel, 1763 dra- ;
wrote the opera. Notwithstanding its im- matic cantata, Pescetti, London, 1739. Di-
probable libretto, Auber's sparkling and ane et Endymion, music by Anne Danican-
Kraceful music has made it one of the Philidor, Paris, 1G98 opera in three acts,
;
427
DIANA
text by Liroux, music by Picciuni, Acadomie the jjainter jjupil from 1852 at the Con-
;
Royale de Musique, Paris, Sept. 7, 1784 servatoire, where he studied harmony un-
;
opera in two acts, music by Jean Baptiste der Eeber, and ob-
Eey, Paris, 1791. Las amours de Diane et tained the first ac-
d'Endymion, text by Guicliard, music by cessit in 1856 and the
Sablieres, Versailles, 1671. Diane et I'A- second prize in 1858 ;
mour, opera-comique, represented at the and pupil of Halevy

French Court, 1730. Diana ed Ainore, iu composition. In
Italian opera, music by Georg Maun, Vi- 1865 he produced at
enna, about 1745. Diana placata, music by the Theatre Lyrique
Ferrandini, Munich, 1753 opera, text by
;
an opera-comique en-
Pariati, music by Fux, Vienna, 1717. Di- titled Le roi Can-
ana veudicata, Italian opera, text by Pas- daule, and in 1867 he won the government
quini, by Georg Karl Reutter, Vienna, 1736. prize for the music to La coupe du roi de
See also Endimione. Thule, which was given at the Opera iu
DIAlÂ DI CHAVEPiNI, Italian opera, 1S73. He has since published songs, and
music by Sangiorgi, represented at the has given selections from La coupe du roi
Argentina Theatre, Rome, December, 1875. de Thule at the Concerts Danbe (1875).
DIANA VON SOLANGE, opera, music
Fetis, Supplement, i. 269 Larousse. ;
by Duke Ernest U., of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, DIBDIN, CHARLES, born at Dibdiu,

represented first in Coburg, 1858 ; and at near Southampton, March 15, 1745, died in
the Stadttheater, Nuremberg, Dec. 25, 1877. London, July 25, 1814. Dramatic composer,
DIANORA, opera-comique in one act, and poet, pujnl of Kent and of Fussel but ,
text by Chantepie, music by Samuel Rous- chiefly self-taught, studying the works of
seau, represented at the Opera Comique, Corelli and the didactic writings of Ra-
Paris, Dec. 22, 1879. Fantino, the herds- meau. At the age of fifteen lie went to
man, imable to induce Dianora to return London, where he soon obtained an en-
his love, feigns to poison himself. The gagement at Covent Garden Theatre as a
belle, duped by his stratagem, yields to this singing actor, began to write for the stage,
evidence of amourous despair. This opera and after an engagement at Birmingham
was a public failure, notwithstanding that (1763-65), returned to London, and in
it was crowned at the Concours Crescent. 1768 transferred his services from Covent
DI.VS, GABRIEL, Portuguese musician Garden to Drury Lane. Owing to difter-
of the 17th century. Very little is known euces between him and Garrick, he left his
of him beyond that he was first singer in position, visited France in 1776, and on his
the chapel of Philip IV. at Madrid, and return was engaged as composer for Covent
then maestro de capilla of the convent of Garden, but held the appointment for a
the Fi'anciseanas descalzas of that city. few seasons only, and having projected and
The catalogue of the musical Library of failed in various theatrical enterpirises,
Juan IV. records a great deal of relig- started on a musical tour in 1787 to raise
ious music by Dias, 497 vilhancicos being funds for a meditated visit to India, for
attributed to him, besides masses, motets, which he sailed in 1788 the vessel being ;

etc. Fuertes, Historia de la musica espa- driven to shelter at Torbay, he abandoned
gnola Fetis, Supplement, i. 268
; Mendel, his trip and returned to London, where he
;
Ergiinz., 85. produced those successful table entertain-

DIAZ DE LA PENA, EUGENE EiMILE, ments, which he originated, and in which
born in Paris, Feb. 27, 1837, still living, he appeared as author, composer, narrator,
1888. Son of Narcisse Virgile de la Pen a, singer, and accompanist, from 1789 to
428
DIBDIN
1805, when be retired from public bfe. lu benevolent Tar, Tbe Regions of Accom-
1802 tbe government granted bini a pen- plishment, Tbe Lancashire Witches, 1783
;
sion, but tbis be- The Cestus, Pandora, The long Odds, Har-
ing witlidrawn on lequin tbe Phantom of the Day, 1784 Lib- ;
a cliange of uiiuis- erty Hall, 1785 Harvest Home, 1787 A ; ;
trj', be ojjened a loyal ESusion, 1797 Hannah Hewett, ;
music sbop in tbe 1798. Monodramas: The Whim of tbe

Strand as a means Moment, the Oddities, 1789 Tbe Wags, ;
of subsistence ; 1790 Private Theatricals, 1791 ; The ;
tbe specidatiou Quizzes, 1792

1793 ; Castles in the Air, ;
failed, and a sub- Great News, 1794; Will of the Wisp,

scription for bis Christmas Gambols, 1795 The general ;
relief was raised Election, 1790 The Sphinx, Valentine's ;
in 1810, wbicb secured an annuity to bim- Day, 1797 King and Queen, 1798 A Tour ; ;
self, bis wife and daugbter successively. to tbe Land's End, Tom AVilkins, 1799;
His pension was also restored to bini. The Cake House, 1800 A Frisk, 1801 ;
;
"Works Tbe Sbepberd's Artifice, 1703 Most Votes, 1802 New Year's Gifts, Bro-
:
; ;
Love in tbe City, 1707 Damon and Pbil- ken Gold, Britons, strike home, Heads and
;
lida, and Clarissa, Tbe Padlock,

Lionel Tails, The Frolic, Datchet Mead, The pro-
1708 ;Tbe Maid tbe Mistress, Tbe Re- fessional Volunteers, Rent Da}-, Commo-
cruiting Sergeant, Tbe Ejabesian Matron, dore Pennant, 1802-05. His sons, Charles,
Tbe Jubilee, Queen Mab, The Captive, Jr. (1770-1831), and Thomas (1771-1841)
1769; Pigmy Revels, 1770; Tbe Wed- were dramatists and song writers. His
ding Ring, Tbe Listitution of tbe Garter, granddaughter, Mrs. Tonna, was a harpist.
1771 Tbe Ladle, Tbe Mischance, Tbe
; Grove Reminiscences of Thomas Dib-
;
Brickdust Man, Tbe Widow of Abingdon, din (2 vols., London, 1827) Fetis. ;
The Palace of Mirth, 1772 A Christmas ; DIBDIN, HENRY EDWARD, born in

Tale, Tbe Trip to Portsmouth, Tbe De- London, Sept. 8, 1813, died in Edinburgh,
serter, The Grenadier, 1773 The Wâter- ; May G, 18GG. The youngest son of Charles
man, The Cobbler, 1774 The Quaker, The
; Dibdin tbe younger, he became a jjroticieut
two Misers, 1775 Tbe Seraglio, The
; on tbe harp, which he studied under bis
Blackamoor, Tbe Metamorphoses, The sister, Mrs. Tonna, and Bochsa, and on tbe
Razor Grinder, Yo, Yea, or the friendly organ and the violin. In 1833 be removed
Tars, The old Woman of Eighty, Tbe mail to Edinburgh, where he established him-
Doctor, She is mad for a Husband, England self as a teacher, and became honorary
against Italy, The Fortune Hunter, All is organist of Trinity Chapel. He was the
not Gold that glitters, 1770 Poor Vulcan, ; author of a collection of chants and jDsalm
Rose and CoUin, Tbe Wives revenged, An- and hymn tunes (1843), and of some music
nette and Lubiu, The Milkmaid, 1778; for tbe organ and tbe pianoforte, but he is
Plymouth in an Uproar, Tbe Chelsea Pen- best known as the compiler of " Tbe Stand-
sioner, The Mirror, Tlie Touchstone, 1779 ;
ard Psalm Tune Book" (London, 1851), the
The Shepherdess of tbe Alps, Harlequin largest and most authentic collection of
Freemason, Tbe Islanders, 1780 Jupiter ; psalm tunes ever published. Grove.
and Alcmena, 1781 None so blind as
; DICHTERLIEBE, sixteen songs from
those who won't see, 1782 The Barrier of ; Heine's Biich der Lieder, by Robert Schu-
Parnassus, The Graces, Tbe Saloon, Man- mann, op. 48, dedicated to Madame Schrii-
darina, Tbe Land of Simplicity, Tbe Pas- der-Devrient, composed in 1840, published
sions, Tbe Statue, Clump and Cudden, Tbe in 1844. Tbe songs in tbis collection, from
" ;
DICHTER
their melodic constructiou, are the first cinni, who had written some airs expressly
23erfectexamples of the style of the roman- for her voice, said that without her his ojêra
tic school. Every cue of them requires a would be without Didon. Three j-ears after-
careful declamation, and thej' are worked wards, when Madame de Saiut-Huberty was
out, not in the recitative form usual vpith singing it at Strasburg, she received from
Schubert, but into a thoroughly concise, Napoleon Bouajjarte, then a young oflScer of
strophic verse-structure. The composer artillery, these ingenious verses .
enters so completely into the mind of the

" Komains, qui vous vautez d'uue illustre origiue,
poet, so absolute is the assimilation, and so
Voyez d'oii depeudait votre empire naissaut
well is it sustained, that it is sometimes Didon n'eut pas de cliaine assez puissant
imj)ossible to rid ourselves of the impres- Pour arreter la fuite oh. son aniant s'obstine ;
sion that the songs are the work of one Mais si I'autre Didon, ornement de ces lieux,
man. Schumann's songs are in many EOt ete reine de Carthage,
II eftt, pour la servir, abandoune ses dieux,
moods, but there is not one of these that
Et votre beau pays serait encore sauvage.
is unrepresented in the Dichterliebe.
Maitland, 65 ; Reissmann, 82. She afterward became the Comtesse d'En-
DICHTER UND BAUER (Poet and Peas- traigues, and was murdered, together with
ant), overture by Franz Suppe. This, the her husband, by a servant, at Barnes, near
composer's most popular orchestral work, London, July 22, 1812. Clement and La-
has been arranged for fifty-nine different rousse, 211 Edwards, Prima Donna, ii. 183.
;
combinations of instruments, all published DIDONE ABBANDONATA (Dido For-

by Aibl, Munich. saken), Italian ojsera in three acts, text by
D'ICI VOYEZ CE BEAU DOMAINE. Metastasio, music by Domenico
first set to
See La Dame blanche. Sarri and represented in Naples, during the

DICK, CHARLES GEORGE COTS- Carnival, 1724. Scene in Carthage. Char-
FORD, born in London, Sept. 1, 1846, still acters represented Didone, Queen of Car- :
living, 1888. Studied at Worcester College, thage, in love with Euea Jarba, King of ;
Oxford, 1865-69 obliged from ill-health the Moors, under the name of Arbace Se-
; ;
to give up law, and devoted himself to mu- lene, sister of Didone and secretly in love
sic. Works Our Doll's House, ojseretta, with Eoea Ai-aspe, confidant of Jarba and
: ;
1876 Our new Doll's House, do., 1877

; lover of Selene Osmida, confidant of Didone.
; ;
Back from India, do., 1879 Doctor D., In this tragedy, which excited universal en-
;
comic opera, 1885 Songs and pianoforte thusiasm in its time, and held the Italian
;
music. stage for a century, the poet has closely

DIDON, French opera in three acts, text followed the narrative of Virgil in the
by Marmoutel, music by Piccinni, rep- "iEueid." The text has been set to music
resented at the Academie Royale de Mu- also by Scarlatti, Rome, 1724 Albinoni, ;
sique, Paris, Dec. 1, 1783. Subject from Rome, 1725 Vinci, Rome, 1730 Schiassi, ; ;
the fourth book of the "J3neid," and the Bologna, 1735 Duni, Italy, about 1740 ; ;
tragedy of " Didou " by Lefranc de Pom- Poipora, Italy, about 1740 Beniaseoni, ;
pignan. The music made so profound an Rome, 1741, Munich, 1756 Hasse, Dres- ;
impression on the Court that Louis XVI. den, 1743 Jommelli, Rome, 1746, Stutt-
;
attended three successive representations. gart, 1763 Scalabrini, Dresden, 1747 ; ;
The melodies are full of grace and tender- Manna, Venice, 1751 Perez, Genoa, 1751 ;
;
ness and the accompaniments are rich in Bonne, Vienna, 1752 Ciampi, London, ;
harmony. The role of Didon, which is ad- 1754 Bernasconi, Mannheim, 1756 Tra-
; ;
mirably treated, was filled by Madame de etta, Parma, 1764 Schwanberg, Brunswick, ;
Saint-Huberty with such success that Pic- 1765 Zanetti, Leghorn, 1766
; Galuppi, ;
; ; ;;
DIE
St. Petersburg, 17GG ; Srirti, Venice, 17G7 ;
eucli empor ;
published separately, with ad-
Piccinui, Naples, about 17G7 Majo, Naples, ditional accompaniments by Robert Franz,
;
1769 Mortellari,
;
Naples, 1771 lusanguine, by F. Whistling, Leipsic.
;
Naples, 1772; Calla, Turin, 1773; Moiu- "dIEMER, LOLTS, born in Paris, Feb.
belli, Crescentino, 1775 ; Scbirer, Najjles, 14, 1843, still living, 1888. Pianist, and
1776 ; Scbuster, Naples, 1776, and 177",) ;
instrumental and vocal composer, jiupil at
Ottani, Forli, about 1780 Bruns- the Conservatoire of Emile Durand in sol-
; Piticcliio,
wick, 1780 ;
1784 fuge, of Marmontel on the pianoforte (first
Antlreozzi, St. Petersburg, ;
.infossi, Naples, 178o Guglielmi, Venice, prize, 1856), of Bazin in harmony (first prize,
;
1785 Gazzaniga, Venice, 1787 Federici, 1859), of Ambroise Thomas in counterpoint

; ;
London, 1794 Paisiello, Naples,; 1795 and fugue (first prize), and of Benoist ou
Kozelucb, Vienna, about 1795; Paer, Par- the organ (second prize). He won great
is,1810 Eossiui (dramatic cantata), 1811 success as a virtuoso at many of the great
;
Mercadante, Turin, 1823 Keissiger, Dres- public concerts.

;
Works: Sonata for pi-
den, 1823. The subject had been treated anoforte and violin Trio for do. and vio- ;
before Metastasio in an Italian opera, loncello ; 6 pensees musicales ; 3 valses de

music by Cavalli, Venice, 1641 ; and by salon ; 2 caprices ; Polonaise de concert ;
Mattioli, Bologna, 1656. The Queen of Ek'gie , Berceiase ; Mazurka de salon

Carthage is the subject also of the follow- Impromptu-valse Imj)romptu-caprice 18 ; ;
ing Didon, French lyric tragedy in live transcriptions for pianoforte of sj'mphonic
:
acts, with prologue, text by Mme Gillot de fragments from Haydn, Mozart, and Beet-
Sainctonge, music by Desmarest, repre- hoven etc. Melodies for the voice. Fl'- ; ;
sented at the Opera, Paris, June 5, 1693 tis, Supplement, i. 269.

;
Dido, German opera, text by Hinsch, music DIE NACHT 1ST VERGANGEN, chorus
by Graupner, Hamburg, 1797 grand op- in Mendelssohn's Lohrjemng. ;
era, text by Rellstab, music by Bernlmrd DIES BILDNISS IST BEZAUBERND

Klein, Berlin, about 1820 by Joseph SCHON. See Zauhcr/lOfe.
;
Haydn, Marionetteu Theater, Esterhazy, DIETRICH, ALBERT

1778 by Lampert, Gotha, 1845. Dido,
;
born at Golk, near
English drama, music by James Hook, Lou- Meissen, Germany,
don, 1771 English opera iu three acts,
; Aug. 28, 1829, still
music by Stephen Storace, Drury Lane, living, 1888. Instru-
London, 1792. Dido and Jilneas, English mental and vocal com-
opera in three acts, text by Nahum Tate, poser, pupil in Dres-
music by Henry Purcell, Loudon, 1675 den of Julius Otto,
masque, music by Thomas Augustine Arne, then iu Leipsic (1847-
London, 1734 Swedish opera, music by;
51) of Rietz and Mos-
Kraus, Stockholm, 1792. The Death of cheles, and until 1854
Dido, English opera, music by Pepusch, at Diisseldorf of Robert Schumann ; after
London, 1716 La mort de Didon, French

;
his return to Leipsic his first symphony
ballet, music by Saint- Amans, Paris, 1776. was played there at a Gewaudh;ius concert.
DIE FRIST 1ST UM. See Der Flie- He was conductor of the subscription con-
fjende Hollander. certs at Bonn, from 1855 until 1861, when he
DIE LIEBE ZIEHT ^HT SANFTEN became Hof-Kapellmeister at Oldenburg ;
SCHEITTEN, tenor aria in B minor, with has directed concerts iu Cologne, Leipsic,
accompaniment of oboe d' amore, and cou- and other German cities. Works Robin :
tinuo, in Johann Sebastian Bach's cantata Hood, opera, given at Frankfort, 1879
for Dominica 1 Adv. Chi-., Schwingt freudig Symphony in D, op. 20 Normannenfahrt, ;
431
DIETRICH
overture ; MorgenLymne,
for chorus and given at the Opera, 1842, which did not suc-
orchestra; Kheiumorgeu, do.; Altcbrist- ceed, and several didactic works. Fetis;
licher Bittgesang, do. Concerto for violin do., Supplement, i. 270.
; ;
do. for violoncello ; Trios for j)ianoforte DIETTER (Dieter), CHRISTIAN LUD-
and strings ; Sonata for violoncello Ro- WIG, born at Ludwigsburg, Wiirtemberg,
;
mance for horn with orchestra Songs, June 13, 1757, died at Stuttgart in 1822.
;
duets, choruses, and Dramatic composer and violinist, pupil at

pianoforte pieces.
Fetis, Supplement, i.210 Mendel
Mus. the Karlschule in Stuttgart, of Seubert and
; ;
Wochenblatt, vi. 20 ; Celestini, and in composition of Baroni,

Riemanu.
DIETRICH (Dieterich), SIXTUS (Xistus but formed himself chiefly by studying the
Theodoricus), born at Augsburg between works of Jommelli and other great Italian
1490 and 1495, died at St. Gall, Switzer- masters. He took prizes in 1776, 1777, and
land, Oct. 21, 1548. Contrapuntist, spent 1778, and became first violinist in the
bis }-outh at Freiberg in the Breisgau, went ducal orchestra in 1781. Works Comic
in 1517 to Strasburg, and in 1518 became operas, given at Stuttgart: Elisinde, 1794;
schoolmaster at Constance thence he vis- Der Schulze im Dorfe Der L'rwisch Das
; ; ;
ited Wittenberg in 1540 to attend lectures, Freischiessen Der Rekrutenaushub Gliick- ; ;
and sutfering from gout, was taken to St. lich zusammen gelogeu Die Dorfdejûtir- ;
Gall in 1548, just before the siege of ten Der Luftballon Belmont und Con- ; ;
Constance bj- Charles V. Works Magnifi- stanze Des Teufels Lustschloss Laura
: ; ;
cat octo tonorum, liber primus (Strasburg, Rosetti, grand opera. Concertos for violin,
1535) Novum ac insigue opus musieum 3G horn, flute, oboe, and bassoon
; sonatas, ;
Antiphonarum (Wittenberg, 1541) Novum duos, etc., for various instruments. Fetis
; ;
opus mus. etc. (ib., 1545) Psalms, motets, Mendel Riemann.

; ;
and other pieces in various German collec- DIEU ET LA BAYADfiRE, LE (The God
tions (Nuremberg, Augsburg, and Witten- and the Bayadere), opera-ballet in two acts,
berg, 1538-45). Allgem. d. Biogr., v. 159 text by Scribe, music by Auber, represented
;
Fetis Mendel Riemann.

; ; at the Academic Rojâle de Musique, Paris,
DIETSCH, PIERRE LOUIS PHILIPPE, Oct. 13, 1830. This pleasing and graceful
born at Dijon, March 17, 1808, died in work still holds the stage in France. The
Paris, Feb. 20, 1865. Church composer, libretto is derived from Goethe's ballad,
pupil in Paris of Choron, and at the Con- " Der Gott vmd die Bajadere." It was sung
servatoire of Reicha in counterpoint and of originally by Nourrit, ]Mme Damoreau, and
Chenie on the double-bass. In 1830 he be- Levasseur, with Miles Taglioni and Noblet
came maitre de chaiêlle of Saint-Eustache, as dauseuses. Hanslick, Moderne Oper,
and in 1842 of the Madeleine 1831 he 131. ;
also entered the orchestra of the Theatre DIEUPART, CHARLES, born in France,
Italien as double-bass player, afterwards latter part of the 17th century, died in Lon-
that of the Opera, where he subsequently don about 1740. Violinist and harpsichord
became chef du chant, and in 1860 chef player went to England and was associated ;
d'orchestre, but retired in 1863. He was with Clayton and Haym in the introduction
professor of harmony and counterpoint at of translations of Italian ojoeras in London.
Niedermeyer's Ecole de musique religieuse, After their discontinuance he devoted him-
from its foundation. L. of Honour, 1856. self to teaching the harpsichord. Published
Works Twenty-five masses Motets and Works Six suites de clavecin, divisees en
: ; :
hymns ]\Iagnificat and Te Deum, and Ouvertures, Allemandes, Courantes, Sara-

;
many other religious compositions. He baudes, Gavottes, Minuets, Rondeaux et

wrote also an opera, Le vaisseau fantome. Gigues, composees et mises en Concert
432
:
DIEU
pour un Violon ei Flflte, avec une Basse Tod eines Kindes (Coburg, 1626) Disce ;
de viol et im Archilute (London) G ouver- ; mori, 1628) Gesprilch Dr. Lutheri

etc. (ib., ;
tures pour clavecin et violon avec basse und eines krankeu Studiosi (ib., 1628) Mu- ;
continue, quoted by Walther (Amsterdam). sica votiva, etc. (ib., 1629) ; Musica Chris-
Ft'tis Grove Mendel.
; ;
tiana cordialis domestica (ib., 1630) ; Two
DIEU, QUE MA VOIX. See La Juive. Supplements to the same (ib., 1631) ; Mu-
DIEUX KIVAUX, LE8 (The Rival Gods), sica Concertativa, etc. (ib., 1632) Musica
;
ou les fetes de Cythere (The Fetes of Oratoria, etc. (ib., 1633) ; Jeremias poeni-
Venus), ojiera-ballet in one act, text by tentiarius, etc. (ib., 1640) ; Musica Chris-
Briti'aut and Dieulafoy, music by Berton, Men-
tiana valedictoria (ib., 1642). Fetis ;
Ki-eutzer, and Spontini, repre- del Riemann.

Persuis, ;
sented at tlie Academic Eoyale de Musique, DILUVIO UNIVERSALE, IL (The Uni-

Paris, ou the occasion of the marriage of versal Deluge), Italian op)era, music by
the Due de Berry, June 21, 1816. Donizetti, represented at Naj)les, 1830.
DIJKHUIJZEN, D H born at DIMITRI, French opera in five acts and
,
Tweelo, in Gelderland, April 28, 1821, still seven tableaux, text by Henri de Bornier
living, 1888. Organist, pupil at Dessau of and Armand Silvestre, music by Victorin
F. Schneider; returned and became or- Joncieres, rejiresented at the Opera Na-
ganist at Elburg, and in 1845 organist of tional Lyrique, Paris, May 5, 1876. The
the great organ in the church at Nymwe- libretto is an adaptation of Schiller's unfin-
gen. Published works : Sonata for organ ;
ished tragedy " Demetrius," the hero of
Sonata for jsianoforte and violin and sev- which is Dimitri Samotzvanetz, or the
eral Lider Twenty-third Psalm for chorus
;
Pseudo-Demetrius, who, assuming the name
and orchestra Concert overture, given at
;
of the youngest son of Ivan the Terrible,
Utrecht in 1853 Symphony in C, 1856.
; overthrew the Czar Boris and was crowned
Fetis, Supijlement, i. 271; Mendel, Er- Czar in Moscow in 1605. He is the hero
gilnz., 86. also of the Czech opera Dimitrije, music
DIKRAN - TSCHIHADJIAN, Armenian by Dvorak, given in Prague, 1882 and of ;
composer, author of the music to Sherif- the Latin opera, Demetrius Moscovia? solio
Agha, Turkish opera in three acts, text by restitutus, music by Joliaun Eberlin, pro-
Alexander Abbosetto, represented in Con- duced at Salzburg in 1755.
stantinople, Dec. 8, 1872. Fetis, Supple- DimTKI DONSKOI, Russian opera in
ment, i. 271 ;
three acts, music by Anton Rubinstein, rep-
DILETTANTE D'AVIGNON, LE, opOra- resented in St. Petersburg in 1852. The
comique in one act, text by Hoffmann and hero is Dimitri IV. Ivanovieh, called Don-
Leon Hak'vy, music by Francois Halevy, skoi (of the Don) from his defeat of the
first repi-esented in Paris, Nov. 7, 1829. Mongols on that river in 1380.
DILLIGER (Dillinger), JOHANN, born DBDILER, ANTON, born at Mann-
atEisfeld, Bavaria, in 1590, died at Coburg, heim, Oct. 14, 1753, died in Munich after
Aug. 28, 1647. Church compose!-, was at 1815. Dramatic composer, pupil of Josef
first cantor at Wittenberg, then (1625) at Zivvina, and of the Abbe Vogler at the age ;
Coburg, became parson at Gellershausen in of eleven he entered the court orchestra as

1633, and afterwards returned to Coburg hoi-nist, and in 1778 went to Munich, where
as deacon at the ]\Ioritzkirche. Works he studied the double-bass, and became a
Prodromi triciniorum sacrorum (Nurem- famous performer on that instrument.
berg, 1612) Medulla ex psalnio, etc. Works
;
Operas Der Guekkasten, Mu- :
(Magdeburg, 1614) ; Exercitatio musica I. 1794 Die Schatzgriiber, at Schloss

nich, ;
etc. (Wittenberg, 1624) ; Trauerlied auf den Sufeld, near Munich Die Zobeljager. ;
DINOEAII
Ballets : Der erste Tod ; Der erste Scbilfer ; j
education ; his musical teachers there were
Mede;i Die Grazieu Ritter Aiuadis etc.
; ; ; Traui on the and Bono in composi-
violin,
He comjjosed the music of oue hundred tion. The Prince

having dismissed his
and eighty-five ballets. Symphonies, quar- band in 1759, he procured for Ditters a
tets, concertos Compositions for the guitar.
; position at the court-theatre in Vienna,
Fc-tis Mendel.; whence the latter went with Gluck to Italj',
DINORAH. See Pardon de Ploermel. in 1761, and afterwards to Frankfort to
DI PESCATORE IGNOBILE. See Lu- attend the services at the coronation of
crezia Borgia. Joseph II. At Bologna he had won fame
DI PROVENZA IL MAR. See Tmuiala. as a violinist, and after his return to Vienna
DI QUELL A PIRA. See Tromtore. sustained it against that of the celebrated
DI SPERANZE E GLORIE PIENA. Lolli. About 1764 he became Kapellmeister
See Ballo in Maschera. to the Bishop of Gross- Wardein, Hungary,
DISSIPONS CE SOMBRE NUAGE. and North Italy, upon
after a short stay in
See Ariodant. the dismissal of the bishop's orchestra in
DISSOLUTO PUNITO, IL. See Don 1769, he entered the service of Count Schaf-
Giovanni. gotsch. Prince-bishop of Breslau, at Jolian-
DISTRATTO, IL, symphony in C, by Jo- nisberg, Silesia, where he established a
seph Haydn, originally the overture to Der little theatre, and won for his orchestra
Zerstreute, a Lustspiel by Regnard, repre- the reiûtation of the best in the province.
sented in Vienna, Jan. 6, 1776. Haydn In 1770 he received the papal order of the
wrote also the music of the second act of Golden Spur, and in 1773 was ennobled by
tlie opera. the Emperor. To bring out some ojseras
DI TANTI PALPITI. See Tancredi. and oratorios he visited Vienna (1770, 1776,
DI TANTI REGI. See Semiramide. 1786), and Berlin (1789), with great artistic
DITE ALL A GIOVINE. See Trcwiata. and material success. After the death of
DITHYRAMBE, for male voices, chorus his j):^ti'on in 179.5, jênsioned by his suc-
and orchestra, by Julius Rietz, to Schiller's cessor with a 23altry sum, he lived in indi-
poem of the same title first given at the gence and poor health for two years, when
;
Schiller-Festival at the theatre in Leipsic, Baron Stillt'ried offered him and his family
Nov. 11, 1816. The work has long been a shelter at Castle Rothlhotta. He was a
favourite with male singing societies in Ger- prolific composer, and stands foremost in
many. the field of popular jovial humor in opera,
DITTERSDORF, KARLDITTERS VON, a true national tone-poet, rarely gifted, and
born in Vienna, Nov. of sound education. His Doctor vuid Apo-
2, 1739, died at Castle theker continues to hold the stage. Works
Rothlhotta, near Neu- Operas : Amore in musica, given atGross-
haus, Bohemia, Oct.
Wardein, 1767 Lo sposo burlato, Johau- ;
Dramatic nisberg, 1775

31, 1799. II viaggiatore amerieano, ;
composer, and virtu- ib. La contadina fedele, ib., 1785 Betrug

; ;
oso on the violin, first dureh Aberglauben, Doctor und Apotheker,

instructed by Konig Die Liebe im Narrenhaus, II Democrito
and Ziigler. When corretto, Vienna, 1786 Orpheus der zweite, ;
scarcely ten years Hieronymns Knicker, ib., 1787 Das rothe ;
old, he attracted by Killjpchen, ib., 1788 Der Schiffspatron, oder ;
Lis playing the attention of Prince Joseph der neue Gutsherr, ib. 1789 Hocus Pocus, , ;
of Hildburghausen, who took him into his ib., 1790 Das Gespenst mit der Trommel, ;
piivate orchestra and gave him a thorough Oels, Silesia, 1794 Gott Mars, oder der ;
DITTMAR
eiserne JMaim, Don Quixote, Die Guelfeu, danses populaires de Baviere, for pianoforte,
Der Scbab von op. 2
Schiras, Fantaisie serieuse, for do.
ib. Fantaisie
1795 ; Ugolino, ; ;
grand opera (the only one he wrote), Die en forme de variations sur le theme favori
histigeu Weiber von Windsor, Der schiJue de Himmel, An Alexis, for do., op. G ;
Herbsttag, ib., 1790 ; Der Teruengewinust, valses de Kossiui, op. 7 ; Adagio ed allegro
Der Madchenmarkt, ib., 1797 ; Terno secco, agitato concertante, for ijianoforte, violin,
Bre.shiu, 1797 ; L'ojDera buffa, Don Coribaldi and tiute, op. 8 ; Festival march, and torch-
(1798) ; II tribunate di Giove. Oratorios : light dance, op. 10. Fetis ; Mendel ; Schil-
Isacco, tigura delEedeutore, Gross- Wardein, ling.
1767 ; La hberatrice DIVA, LA, opcra-boufte in three acts,

del pojnilo giudaico
nella Persia, ossia L'Esther, Vienna, 1785 by Henri Meillac and Ludovic Halevy, ;
text
Giobbe, ib., 1786. Great Latin Cantata, music by Offenbach, represented at the
Gross- Wardein, 1765 Concerto grosso, for Bouffes Parisieus, Paris, March 22, 1869.
;
eleven instruments, with orchestra 16 or- DIVINITES DU STYX. See Alcesle, ;
chestral symphonies ou Ovid's Metamor- Gluck.

phoses (Vienna, 1785) 35 symphonies DIVITIS, ANTONIUS (Antoine Le Eiche),
; ;
new 12 concertos for violin 6 quartets born in the second half of the 15th century.
do. ; ;
for stringed instruments 12 divertissements Church composer, and one of the most
;
for two violins, and violoncello Duos for eminent French contrapuntists of his time;
;
violin, Nocturnes for two horns singer in the chapel of Louis XH., about
and bass ; 2
and violoncello obligato Concertino for 1515. Of his works only single motets and
;
two oboes, two horns, two violins, viola and chansons are jsreserved in various collec-
bass ; 12 sonatas for four hands, for piano- tions (1514-1551), besides a mass for four
forte ; 72 preludes for do., etc. He wrote voices (Gaude Barbara) in MS. in the library
also the treatises :
" Brief fiber die Grenzeu at Cambrai, and a Credo for six voices, and
des Komischen und Heroischen in der Mu- a Salve Kegina for five voices in the royal
sik "
;
" Brief fiber die Behandluug italien- library at Munich. Fetis.
ischer Texte bei der Kompositiou " ;
and DIXON, GEORGE, born in Norwich, Eng-
land, in 1820, still living, 1888. Organist, pu-
pil of Dr. Zechariah Buck ; assistant organ-
ist of Grantham Cluirch, 183.5-45; organist
Cct/^ y J-^tijejvd^f^\ of Retford Church, Notts, 1845-59, of Louth
Church, 1859-65, and of Grantham Church,
1865. Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1852 Mus. Doc, ;
his autobiography (Leipsic, 1801). Allgem. ib., 1858. Works The 121st Psalm, can- :
d. Biog., V. 262 Allgem. Mus. Zeitg., tata Pope's Messiah, do. Anthems Open
; ; ; :
Bernsdorf Fetis Mendel

; Schilliug we the Gates Unto Thee, O my Strength
; ; ;
; ;
Wurzbach. We will rejoice O give Thanks Te Deum ; ;
DITTMAR, MANTEY, Baron VON, in G Hymns, Chants, Kyries, etc. Songs.

; ;
born in Bavaria, contemporary. Dramatic DIZI, FRANgOIS JOSEPH, born at Na-

composer, puiîl of Peter Winter, whose mur, France, Jan. 14, 1780, died in Paris,
style he imitated he was Hotkapellmeister November, 1847. Harpist, sou and pupil
;
to the Grandduke of Meckleuburg-Strelitz. of a professor of the violin. He went to

is distinguished for London, where Sebastian Erard, then
His religious music the
great purity of style, but remains in man- most celebrated manufacturer of hai-ps and
uscript. Works Die beiden Galeeren- pianofortes in England, became his patron
:
sklaven, opera, given in Strelitz, 1830 Over- and found him pupils. He lived there ;
ture to the drama Ludwig der Baier ; 6 thirty years as virtuoso and composer, and
435
;
DJAMILEH
made several improvements in harp mechan- DOBRZYNSKI, IGNACY FELIX, boru
ism. In 1830 he went to Paris, and became at Romanof, Volhynia, Feb. 25, 1807, died
a member of the firm of Pleyel, manufact- in Warsaw, Oct. 18, 1867. Pianist, son and
urers of harps, but iu this venture he was pujiil of Ignacy Dobrzynski, for the violin
unsuccessful. Works Grande : sonate (Lon- and pianoforte, and pupil of Eisner in har-
don) ; Air Saxon, de Cramer, varic (Paris) ;
mony and counterpoint. He became the
Douze exercices pom* la harjje
ou fautaisies intimate friend of Chopin, also Eisner's pu-
a deux rangs de pt'dales, premiere et deux- pil, and his music partook of the same style,
ieme suites (Paris) French romances, Eng- ; his Piesni Sielskie, or Melodies villageoises,
lish and Italian airs with variations for harp being peculiarly characteristic. In 1815-16
(Paris).
Fotis Biog. nat. de Belg., vi. 84
; ;
he gave concerts in Berlin, Leipsic, and
Mendel, Riemaun. other cities in Germany, playing his own
DJAMILEH, opera-comique in one act, music he was at one time conductor of the
;
text bj Louis Gallet, music by Georges opera in Warsaw. Works Symphony in C :
Bizet, represented at the Ojjera Comique, minor (2d prize, Vienna Concours, 1838)
Paris, May 22, 1872. The subject of the Three quartets for two violins, viola and
libretto is derived from Alfred de Mussel's bass two quintets for two violins, viola,
;
poem, "Namouua." Djamileh, concubine two violoncellos, op. 38, 40 One sextet for ;
or slave of Haroun, who changes his mis- two violins, viola, two violoncellos and
tress every month, conceives for her master double-bass, op. 39 ; Trio for pianoforte,
a violent passion, which he does not return. violin and violoncello, oj). 17 ; Sonata for
She persuades the slave merchant to pre- pianoforte and violiu ; Les larmes. Noc-
sent her anew iu disguise, and at last Ha- turne for pianoforte and violin. He wrote
roun, touched by her ardour and obstinacy, also an opera, Monbar, the overture to
decides to love her. which, together with several of the prin-
DOBLHOF-DIER, KARL VON, born iu cipal parts, was j)laj'ed at Leipsic aud
Vienna, July 13, 1762, died there iu 1836. Dresden in 1845 and 1846 and many ;
He studied under Albrechtsberger and Sa- mazurkas, nocturnes, and songs Avith jiiauo-
lieri, and1810 retired from business to
in forteaccompaniment. Fctis do., Supple- ;
devote himself to music. After his death his ment, i. 273 Sowinski, 151 Meudel ; Rie-
; ;
manuscript compositions came into the mann.

possession of Kiesewetter, who bequeathed DOCH DER HERR VERGISST DIE
them to the Imperial Library of Vienna. SEINEN NICHT, arioso for contralto iu
Works Masses Choruses Hymns, and
: ; ; JNIeudelssohn's Paulus, Part I.
other church music. Fetis Meudel. ; DOCHE, JOSEPH DENIS, born iu Par-
DOBRZYNSKI, IGNAC Y, born in the pro- is, Aug. 22, 1766, died at Soissons, July
vince of Volhynia, Russia, in 1777 or 1778 ; 20, 1825. Dramatic composer chorister ;
died in Warsaw in 1811. He was first violin, at the cathedral of Meaux at the age of
for eighteen years, at Romauof, in the or- eight, he learned music under the direction
whom he
chestra of the Senator Hiriski, for of Guignet maitre de chapelle of the Cathe-
;
wrote the music of several operas and bal- dral of Constance at the age of nineteen, re-
lets professor at Winniya, subsequently at
; maining there until the Revolution, when
Krzemieniej settled in Warsaw, where his
; he entered the orchestra of the Vaudeville
sou held a musical position. He was re- Theatre (1794) as violinist, and subsequently
nowned for his characteristic Polonaises, to as violoncellist and double-bass player. He
which he gave a rhythm and a finish which became assistant-conductor of that orchestra
made them strictly national. Fi' tis ;Sup- in 1810, and chef d'orchestre from 1815 to
plement, i. 273 ; Sowinski, 150. 1823. He composed a number of new airs
436
;
DOCH
for the vaudevilles played at that theatre ;
1860. The subject is from " Crispin mede-
the best kiiuwu of these were : Fanchou la cin," a comedy by Hauteroche, given at the
Vielleuse, The Romance of Santeuil, that of Hotel de Bourgogne, 1673.
Geiitil Bernard, etc. He
wrote the oijeras- DOCTEUR OX, LE, opera-bouffe in three
Gille and Mortier,
comiques, Les trois Derville (1818), refused acts, text by Philippe
Les deux music by Offenbach, represented at the Ya-
at the Theatre Feydeau seuti-
;
uelles (1803), and several operettas played riL-tes, Paris, Jan. 26, 1877. The subject is
minor theatres, among which was Point from Jules Verne's story of the same title.
at
de bruit, Theatre de la Porte-Saiut-Martin, DOCTEUR PYRAMIDE, LE, opera-eo-
1804. He published collections containing mique in one act, text by Brand and Jala-
his popular romances, entitled Recueil bert, music by Haring, represented at Tou-
:
contenant quaraute airs et romances, avec louse, January, 1877.

accompaguemeut de guitare, op. 4 ; Trois DOCTEUR ROSE, LE, opera-bouffe iu
de romances Rondeau Italien three acts and four tableaux, text by Emile
recueils ;
Collection de romances et chansons de L. de Najac, music by Federico Ricci, repre-

P.Segur I'aino avec des airs nouveaux et sented at the Boufl'es Parisiens, Feb. 10,
accompagnement de piano. Fetis do,, 1872. ;
Scene in Venice. Plot original.
Supplement, i. 274 ; Meudel. DOCTEUR SANGRADO, LE, opera-co-

DOCH, WEICHET, IHR TOLLEN, bass mique in one act, text by Anseaume, music
major, with accompaniment of by Duui and Laruette,
represented at the
aria in A
Opera Comique, Paris, Feb. 13, 1758. Sub-
flute, strings complete, and continue, in
cantata for Do- ject from " Gil Bias."
Johann Sebastian Bach's
min. 16 post Trinit., " Liebster Gott, wann DOHLER, THEODOR, born in Na-
werd' ich sterben " published separately, ples, April 20, 1814,
;
with additional accompaniments by Robert died in Rome, Feb.

18.")6. Pianist,
Franz, by F. Whistling, Leipsic, 1800. 21,
DOCTEUR CRISPIN, LE. See Criqmw pupil of Benedict,
e la Comare. afterwards in Vienna

DOCTEUR MAGNUS, Czerny on the
LE, opera in one of
a n d of
act, test by Cormon and Michel Carre, mu-
pianoforte,
the Sechter in composi-
sic by Ernest Boulauger, represented at
Opera, Paris, March 9, 1864. Dr. Magnus tion at the age of ;
is a zealous preacher, whose nejihew Daniel, seventeen he ob-

position as
a young German student, gets him into no tained a
end of trouble by his pranks. virtuoso to the Duke
DOCTEUR ]NURACLE, LE, operette in of Lucca, whom he accompanied on several
1836 he made a concert
one act, text by Leon Battu and Ludovic journeys, and in
Lecocq and Bizet, repre- tour through Germany, visited Florence and
Hali'vy, music l3y
Paris in 1838, London and
sented at the Bouffes Parisiens, April, 1857. Bologna in 1837,
obtaining everywhere a
Each of the composers wrote a score to the Holland iu 1839,
success. Having returned to Italy,
same text on the occasion of a competition brilliant
awarded he started for Holland again on invitation,
opened by Oft'enbach, and the jury
The two scores gave concerts at Amsterdam, Rotterdam,
the prize to them equally.
were played successively. and Utrecht, then at Brussels, and after
LE, opera-co- another sojourn at Lucca of about
two
DOCTEUR IVIIROBOLAN,
revisited Germany, whence he went
mique in one act, text by Cormon and Tri- years,
in 1843, and finally to Rus-
anon, music by Eugene Gautier, represent- to Copenhagen
Comique, Aug. where he stayed two years iu 1846
ed at the Opera Paris, 28, sia, ;
i
47
;
DOLES
married the Princess Tscberemetefif, aud set- theme of Sargines, for jsianoforte Varia- ;
tled iu Italy, abandoning music as a pro- tions on a theme from the ballet Der Fass-
fession. Works Concerto, op. 7 12 fan- binder Several collections of allemandes,
: ; ;
taisies on difl'erent operatic themes 10 noc- ecossaises, and waltzes for pianoforte; 2 ;
turnes ; Themes varies, etudes, caprices, Russian marches, for do. Fetis.
rondos, etc. Fetis ; Mendel ; Eiemann. DOLORI DI jMARIA SEJIPRE VER-
DOLES, JOHAJ^N FRIEDRICH, born GINE, I, ossia la Vergiue addolorata, ora-
at Steinbacli, Meiningen, April 21, 1715, torio, by Alessandro Scarlatti.

died at Leipsic, Feb. 8, 1797. Church DOLOROSA, Liedercyclus, by Adolph
composer, pupil of Bach, and in 1744-56 Jensen, op. 30.
cantor at Freiberg then for tliirty-three
; DOMBROWSKI, HENRI, born at Zwini-
years at the Thomasschule, aud musical acz, Russia, in 1838, still living, 1888. Pi-
director at the two principal churches in anist, jjupil of Liszt. After finishing his
Leijjsic. His style was jjopular and utterly musical education he visited Russia, Italy,
diflerent from that of his master. Works Spain, and France professionally, and finally :
Neue Lieder von Fuchs (Leipsic, 1750) settled in Paris. Works Le 26 Novembre ; :
;
Tlie 46th Psalm (ib., 1758) Melodien zu Chant magyare Saltarella Les contrastes
; ; ; ;
Gellert's geistlichen Oden (ib., 1762) Vier- fitude de genre Romances sans paroles
; ; ;
stimmiges Choralbuch (ib., 1785) Cantata Grande Polonaise Polonaise historique

; ; ;
on Gellert's Ich komme vor dein Auge- JIarche des Tartares Impressions de voy- ;
sicht, for 4 voices, and orchestra (ib., 1790) age Conte de salon Soirees de Versailles, ; ;
Singbare und leichte Choralvorspiele 1st etc. He has sometimes published under
3d book (ib., 1795) do. 4th book (1796) the name Ary de Bogota. Fetis, Supple-
; ;

do. 5th book (1797). Li manuscript: The ment, i. 275.
Passion, oratorio Passion-Music according
; DOillNICETI, CESARE, born at De-
to St. Mark do., according to St. Luke
; senzano, Italy, July 12, 1821, died at Sesto ;
Psalms 12, 16, 24, 33, 81, 84, 85, 100, di Monza, June 20, 1888. Dramatic com-
111; Two masses Magnificat Kyrie aud poser. Works Operas I vegli usi di cittii,
; ; :
Gloria Salvete vos Motets.

; His son aud Desenzano, 1841 Due mogli in una, Milan,
; ;
pupil, Joliann Friedrich (born at Freiberg, 1853 ; La maschera, text by Guidi, Milan,
May 26, died at Leipsic, April 16, March 2, 1854 Morovico, Milan, Decem-
1746, ;
1796), was a distinguished amateur pianist, ber, 1873 II lago delle fate, text by Za- ;
and bass singer. He composed a concerto, nardini, Naples, May 18, 1878 L' eredita- ;
several sonatas and solos for pianoforte, be- ria, text by Zanardini, Milan, Feb. 19, 1881.
sides Langbeiu's " Poststationen des Le- Riemann.
bens." Allgem. d. AZUL, EL (The Blue Domino),
Biog., v. 312 ; Fetis ;
DOmNO
Mendel ; Schilling. Spanish opera in three acts, music by Ar-
DOLEZALEK, JOHANN EM.INUEL, rieta, represented in Madrid, 1852.
born at Chotebor, Bohemia, died iu Vi- DOMINO NERO, IL (The Black Domino),
enna, July 6, 1858. Pianist attracted at- Italian opera, music by Rossi, represented
;
tention iu Prague about 1814 by his play- at Milan, 1849. The libretto is an adapta-
ing, and the originality of his Bohemian tion of the French Le Domino Noir.
songs, published iu 1812. He then settled DOmNO NOIR, LE (The Black Domino),
in Vienna, where he rapidly took his place ojjcra-comique iu three acts, text by Scribe,
as one of the favorite teachers of singing music by Auber, first represented in Paris,
and the pianoforte. Works 12 eeossaises Dec. 2," 1837. The libretto, the scene of
:
fortwo violins, 2 clarinets, 2 horns, flute, which is laid at a masked ball in Madrid,
two bassoons, and bass 9 variations on a is one of Scribe's best, and the composer's
;
436
DOMXICU
musical setting' is full of grace and melody. burg. In his twelfth year he appeared at
Among the best of its uuuibers are the two court, and played concertos of his own com-
romances " Le trouble et la frayeur," and jiosition he then entered the service of
:
;
" Amour, vieus fiuir mon supplice " the the Count von Eltz, at Mainz, and thence
;
couplets, " Une fee, un bon auge," and "S'il went to Paris, where be studied under
est sur terre " the airs " D'oti venez-vous, Puuto, and becoming a celebrity among
;
ma chore," and " Ah quelle unit " and virtuosi, obtained the first professorshijJ of
! !
the song and chorus, " Heureux qui ne his instrument at the newly erected Con-
respire." In the original rej)resentation servatoire,and was decorated by Napoleon
I. Having started out from Wiirzburg with-
out any meaus, he left a fortune of over a mill-
ion of francs. Works : 3 concertos for horn,
with orchestra ;Syraphonie concertante
for 2 horns ; 2 collections of romances, with
pianoforte, aud 5 Variations, duets,
oj). 4, ;
quartets, etc. His brothers, Jacob (born at

Wiirzburg, 1758, died in America (?) after
18()C>), and Arnold (boru Sept. 29, 1771,
died at Meiningeu, July 14, 1834), were also
eminent and reputed horn players. The
former led a wandering life from his thir-
teenth year, and was last heard of fi-om
Philadelphia in 1806 the latter was cham-
;
ber musician to the Duke of Meiningeu,

from 1786, for forty-eight years. Allgem.
d. Biog., V. 327 Mendel Schilling.
; ;
DOM SEBASTIEN, KOI DE PORTU-

GAL, grand opera iu five acts, text by
Scribe, music by Donizetti, represented at
the Academie Roj-ale de
Musique, Paris,
Nov. 13, 1843. This mournful work, which
has been described as a "funeral in five
acts," was written in the same year with
the gay and sprightly Don Pasquale. The
libretto, which is lugubrious and absurd,
deals with the fatal expedition into Morocco
Laufe Damoreau as Angfele. by the Portuguese King, Dom Sebastiao in
1578, iu which be lost his life. Zaida was
the part of Angele was sung by Mme Laure sung by Mme Stoltz, who made it one of
Damoreau, who made it one of Ler most her best impersonations. The ojaera had
successful parts, and that of Horace by the only thirty-two representations.
celebrated tenor, Roger. Larousse, vi., DONATI, IGNAZIO, boru at Casal-Mag-
lpC9 Hanslick, Mod. Oper, i:U.
; giore, Lombardy, towards the end of the
DOMNICH, HEINEICH, born at Wiirz- 16th century, died (probably at Milan)
burg, March 13, 1767, died iu Paris, June after 1633. Church composer, maesti'o di
19, 1844. Virtuoso on the born, pupil of cappella of the Accademia di Santo Spirito
his father, who was also an eminent liorn at Ferrara in 1619 was called in tlie same
;
player iu the service of the bishop of Wiirz- caj)acity to his native town iu 1624, and to
;; :
DOXATO
the cathedral of Milau in 1633. "Works : intrigue between Eosa, his prima donna,
Sacri concensus a vocum (Ven- who passes as a widow, the gouty Marco
1, 2, 3, 4, e 5
ice, 1612) Le Faufakiche, madrigali a 3, Bomba, and a young count and he is
; ;
4, e 5 voci (ib., 1615) Concerti ecclesiastici, plunged into despair when her real hus-
;
op. 2 (ib., 1617) do., op. 4 (ib., 1619)

; band appears and, carrying her off, breaks
Messe a 4, 5, e 6 voci jjiene e concertate up all his plans. This amusing work was
(ib., 1626) ; Motetti a 5 voci concertati, etc. very successful in Italj*.
(ib., 1626) ; do., op. G (ib., 1627) ; Motetti a DON CARLOS, opera in five acts, test
voce sola col basso per 1' organo (ib., 1628) by Mery and Camille du Locle, music by
Salmi Boscherecci a sei, op. 9 (ib., 1629). Verdi, represented at the Opera, Paris,
Fc'tis. 1867 and at Her Majesty's March 11, ;
DONATO (Donati), BALDASSAEE, born Theatre, London, June 4, 1867. The sub-
about 1530 (1510?), died in Venice, June, ject is the morbid, imjiulsive son of PhiUp
1603. Madrigal comijoser, maestro di cap- H. of Spain, engaged to Elizabeth of
pella of San Marco, Venice. He was first a France, who subsequently became his step-
singer in the choir, whence he was pro- mother, and whose conduct so exasjjerated
moted on account of merit as a composer his father that he had him placed under
to be maestro di cappella of the lesser arrest and finallj- transferred to the prison
choir but this was suj)f)ressed in 1565 and at Madrid, where he died in 1568, at the
;
Donato became once more a choir singer. age of twenty-three. The libretto is found-
In 1590 he succeeded Zarlino as maestro of ed on Schiller's drama of the same title.
the main choir. Works II primo libro di The original cast in Paris was as follows
:
cauzonette villanesche alia Napoletana a

Philip II M. Obin.
quattro (Venice, 1551 2d ed., 1555) Mo- ;
Don Carlos ;
M. Morere.
tetti, 1 libro, a 5, 6, 8 voc. (Venice, 1599)
Marquis de Posa M. Faure. ;
Madrigali a cinque, sei, sette e otto voci,

Grand Inquisitor M. Belval.
lib. 2 (Venice, 1559) Madrigali a cinque e ;
Monk M. David.
sei voci, etc., lib. 1, (1560) Madrigali a
Elizabeth de Valois
;
Mme Sass.
cinque voci, lib. 4 (1567 ; dates of the other
Princess Epoli Mme Gueymard.
three not known) Madrigali a 4 voci, lib.
;
Page Mile Levieilli.
1, 2 (Venice, 1568). Some of his madrigals
for 4 voices are found in the collection en- The same subject had been previously
titled : La eletta di tutta la Musiea intitu- treated in Don Carlo, Italian opera, text by
lata Corona music by Pietro Bona, Milau,
di diversi, etc., Zorzi, lib. 1 (Ven- Giacchetti,
ice, 15G9). His madrigal Chi la gagliarda, 1847 Don Carlo, text by Beninzoue, after
: ;
has been an-anged by Oliphant, as All ye Alfieri's "Filippo," music by Ferrari Don
: ;

who music love. Fetis Mendel Schil- Carlos, opera seria in three acts, test by
; ;
ling Eiemann.
; Tarantini, music by Costa, Her Majesty's
DON BUCEFALO, Italian opera bufta, in Theatre, London, June 20, 1844 Don ;
three acts, music bj' Antonio Cagnoui, rep- Carlos, Italian opera, music by Vincenzo
resented at the Teatro del Ke, Milan, !Moscuzza, Teatro San Carlo, Naples, May
'
1847 at the Teatro Carcano, ib., 1849

; 25, 1862. Hanslick, Modeme Oper, 243. ;
and at the Theatre Italien, Paris, Nov. 9, DON CAELOS, ou la belle invisible (The
1865. Don Bucefalo is a musician who Invisible Beauty), opera, music by Duplessis,
imagines himself a great composei*. He represented at the Theatre des Aleves de
converts a troup of villagers into opera I'Opera, Paris, 1780. Don Carlo, opura-
singers and tries to teach them
one act, text by Lcger and their re- comique in
spective parts, wholly unconscious of an Tremblay, music by Deshayes, produced at
440
DON CESAR DE BAZAN.
the Opera Comique, Paris, Jan. 11, 1800. poet Gabriel Tellez, whose pseudonym was
These two differ in subject from the above. Tirso de Molina. Moliere's play was pre-
DON CESAE DE BAZAN, opera-comique ceded by an Italian version by Onofrio
in three actsand four tableaux, text by Den- Giliberti, "II convitato di pietra," given at
nery, Dumanoii', and Ghantejjie, music by Naples in 1652, and bj' several French ver-
sions which popularized the subject in
France. The original of this prince of lib-
ertines was Don Juan Teuorio, of Seville,
Spain, who attempted the seduction of the
governor's daughter. The father, forcing
Don Juan to a duel, is slain, and a statue is
erected to him in the family vault. One

day Don Juau forced his way into the vault
and invited the statue to a banquet. To
the amazement of the guests, shortly after
assembled at the libertine's house, the
statue enters the banquet hall, seizes Don
Juan, and delivers him to devils, who carry
him off to his doom. Mozart's work, called
by Naumaun the " grandest romantic opera
Galli-Marie.
that the history of music can show," was
Massenet, represented at the Opera Co- written in Prague iu about six weeks after
mique, Paris, Nov. 30, 1872. The libretto the composer's an-ival there. The overture
is an adajstation of a romantic drama of the was written the night before its first per-
same title, in iive acts, by the same authorsi formance. The opera was received with
represented at the Theatre de la Porte-Saint-
Martin, in 1844. Don Cesar is a character
from Victor Hugo's drama, "RuyBlas." The
ojjera was sung by Bouhy, Lherie, Neveu,
Mme Galli-Marie, and Mile Priola. For
Wallace's Don Cesar de Bazan, see Maritana.
DON CHISCIOTTO. See Don Quixotte.
DON DESIDERIO, Italian opera buffix
iu two acts, text by the Comte Giraud, after
the play entitled " L'obligeant maladroit,"
music by Prince Joseph Poniatowski, rep-
resented at Pisa, 18.39, at Rome, 1842, and Lorenzo da Ponte.
at the Theatre Italien, Paris, March IG, 1858.

DON GIOVANNI, ossia il dissoluto pu- rapturous approval at Prague, where the
original cast was as follows :
uito (The Libertine Punished), Italian opera
buffa in two acts, text by Lorenzo da Ponte Donna Anna Signora Teresa Saporiti.
(born in Venice, 1749, died in New York, Donna Elvira. . . .Signora Catarina Micelli.
1838), music by Mozart, first represented at Zerlina Signora Catarina Bondini.
Prague, Oct. 29, 1787. The libretto is iu Don Ottavio Signor Antonio Baglioni.
part au adaptation of Moliere's " Le festin Don Giovanni Signor Luigi Bassi.
de pierre "
(1665), which in turn derives Leporello Signor Felice Ponziani.
itssubject from " El burlador de Sevilla y Masetto and Don Pedro Signor Giuseppe
. .
couvidado de piedra " (1622) by the Spanish Lolli.
441
DON^
Among the most noted of its numbers are by an air by Leporello, after which comes
the humourous by Leporello, Don Gio-
aria the celebrated tenor aria, "II mio tesoro
vanni's rascally valet, " Notte e giorno fati- intanto." The finale is filled up with the
car;" the charming aria of Donna Elvira, statue and banquet scenes, excej)tiug a
" Ah chi mi dice mai " the buffo aria of
! ; short scene between Donna Anna and Don
Leporello, " Madamina, il catalogo," com- Ottavio, in which the former sings the aria,
" Non mi dir, bell' idol mio," commonly
,4SS:.^ called the Letter Aria. When Don Gio-
vanni was given in Vienna, May 7, 1788,
IMozart wrote for it four new numbers : the
air of Leporello, in the second act, " Ah !
pieta, signori iniei !

" the duet between Le-
poi-ello and Zerlina, "Per quests tue ma-
nine ;" the aria of Donna Elvira, "Mi tradl
quell' alma ingrata !
" and the aria of Don
;
Ottavio, " Dalla sua pace." Don Giovanni

was refiresented, Oct. 12, 1791, in Berlin,
but neither there nor in Vienna was it ap-
preciated at first. A French version of Don
Juan, text by Thuring and Baillot, music
arranged by Kalkbrenner, with changes
and intercalations, was given in Paris, at
the Academie Imjicriale de Musique, Sept. 17,
1805 but the original was not performed
;
there until Oct. 12, 1811, when it was sung

at the Theatre Italien. Another and better
French version in four acts, text by Castil-
Blaze, was given at the Odeon, Dec. 24,
Lablache as Leporello.
1827 and a third, iu five acts, by Castil-
;
Blaze, A. H. Castil-Blaze, and E. Deschamps,

nionly called the Catalogue Song, because at the Academie Eoyale de Musique, March
iu it he catalogues his master's amours the 10, 1834. ; In 18GG it was produced con-
duet of Don Giovanni and Zerlina, " La ci cui'rently at the Opera and at the Theatre
darem la mano " the song of Don Gio- Lyrique, with great success. Don Giovanni
! ;
vanni, "Finch' ban dal vino;" the aria of was first performed in London at the King's
Zerlina, " Batti, batti, o bel Masetto," sung Theatre, April 12, 1817 and in New York, ;
to her jealous lover and the trio of Donna at the Park Theatre, May 23, 1826. The
;
Anna, Donna Elvira, and Don Ottavio, fa- centennial anniversary of its first perform-
mous as the Mask Trio, all iu the first act. ance was celebrated at Salzburg, Oct. 29,
The second act opens with a duet between 1887. The subject of Don Juan was first
Don Giovanni and Leporello, "Eh via buf- treated musically by Le Tellier, iu a vaude-
!
fone," followed by the trio, as Donna Elvira ville entitled Le festin de pierre, Paris,
appears at the window, "Ah taei ingiusto 1713. This was followed by Don Juan,
!
core." After Don Giovanni's serenade to ballet, by Gluck, Vienna, 17(51 II convitato ;
Zerlina, " Deh ! vieni alia finestra," Zerlina di pietra, ojDera, music by Eigliini, Vienna,
consoles the beaten Masetto with the beau- 1777 do., opera, music by Tritto, Naples,
;
tiful aria, "Vedrai carino." The second 1783 Don Giovanni, opera semi-seria,
;
scene ojsens with a strong sextet followed nuisic by Albertini, Venice, 1784 Don ;
449
DOX
Giovanni Tenorio, ossia il convitato di pie- honour of being carried in triumph and
tra, opera, music by Gazzaniga, Bergamo, crowned at the Capitol. Donizetti's earlier
1788 ;Don Giovanni, ossia, etc., opera, operas were all
music by Fabrizi, Fauo, 1788 II dissolute ; imitations of Ros-
jjunito, ojêra, music by Raimoudi, Rome, sini's style, and,
about 1818 Don Juau Tenorio, ojjera, by
; for the most 23art,
Ramon Caruicer, Barcelona, 1818 II con- ; very hurriedly

vitato di pietra, by Giovanni Pacini, Via- and carelessly
reggio, 1832 Don Juan de fantaisie, ope-
; written. At
rette, by Barbier, Paris, 18G{J Eiu kleiner ; length, in 1830
Don Juan, operetta by Ziebrer, Pesth, 1879 ;
he produced Anna
II uuovo Don Giovanni, operetta by Palmi- Bolena at Milan,
eri, Trieste, 1884 Dwiglit's Journal, iii. a more elaborate
41, 49 Hanslick, Moderne Oper, 30
4(5, ; ;
piece of workman-
Edwards, Lyrical Drama, i. 42-148 Cas- ; ship than he had hitherto attempted, and
til-Blaze, Moliere Musicien, i. 189 Engel, ; the first win more than local
of his operas to
Karl, The Legend of Don Juan on the Stage fame. In L' amore, Milan, 1832,
elisire d'
(1887); Freisauff, R. von, Mozart's Don and especially in Lucia di Lammermoor,

Juan, 1787-1887 (1887) N. Zeitsclir. f. Naples, 1835, his style showed
; itself to be
Mus. (1887), 481, 485, 494, 505, 518 ; fully formed.
In 1835 Donizetti visited Pa-
Rietz,
preface to edition of full score, Breitkoff & is, where he brought out Marino Faliero, at
Hiirtel (Leipsic, 1871). the Theatre des Italieus, and, five years
DON GREGORIO, ou le precepteur dans later, Luerezia Borgia, which he had written
I'embarras (The Embarrassed Tutor), opera- in 1834 for Milan. In this work the com-
comique in three acts, text by Sauvage poser seems at times to have anticipated
and de Leuveu, music by the Comte Ga- the more intensely dramatic style of Verdi.
brielli, re^Jresented at the Opera Comique, During the same year (1840), Les martyrs,
Paris, Dec. 17, 1859. The plot is derived which in its original Italian form of Poliuto
from the Comte Giraud's comedy, " Le jiru- had been forbidden by the censorship of
cepteur dans I'embarras." The same sub- Naples, was brought out at the Opera,
ject has been treated by Mosca, in his opera, La fiUe du regiment, at the Opera Co-
Don Gregorio in imbarrazzo, Italy, about mique, and La favorite, at the Opera. Lucia,
1813 by Airoldi, in his ojjera buffix, Don Luerezia Borgia, and La favorite, may be
;
Gregorio nelF imbarrazzo, Venice, 1850 and regarded as Donizetti's best and most suc-
;
by Donizetti, in L' A Jo nell' imbarrazzo. cessful serious works. Of these three, the
DONIZETTI, GAETANO, born at Ber- second is better known and more highly
gamo, Italy, Nov. 29, 1797, died there, esteemed in England and America than in
April 8, 1848. He began his musical stud- France or Germany La favorite owes its ;
ies at the Liceo in his native town, and then high reputation to its fourth act, probably
entered the Naples Conservatorio, where the finest and most dramatic act that the
he finished under Simon Mayr. He is composer ever wrote. But Lucia is almost
said also to have studied under Pilotti universally recognized as his masterpiece,
and Mattel at Bologna. His first opera, in sjoite of some very weak moments in
Enrico di Borgogna, was brought out at it. Leaving Paris, Donizetti visited Rome,
Vienna in 1818. The success of Zoraide Milan, and Vienna, at which last city he
di Granata, brought out at Rome in 1822, brought out Linda di Chamonix, in 1842,
was such that it saved the composer from and wrote a Miserere and an Ave Maria,
military conscription, and won him the for the Hofkapelle, the strict style of which
443
;
DONIZETTI
was much applauded by German critics. Sancia di Castilla, Naples, 1832 87. II ;
Eevisitiug Paris iu 1843, Donizetti produced nuovo Pourceaugnac, ib., 1832 (there is
Dou Pasquale, at tbe Tlieatre des Italiens, some doubt as to this opera being really
aud Dom Sebastien, at tbe Opera, the by Donizetti) 38. II furioso nell' isola di ;
former a great success, the latter a decided San Domingo, Rome, 1833, Paris, Theatre
failure, albeit probably the composer's most Italien, Feb. 2, 1862 39. Paridna, Flor- ;
elaborate aud carefully written score. Maria ence, 1833 40. Torqualo Tasso, Rome, ;
di Eohau, also an elaborate work, written 1833 41. L' assedio di Calais, 1833 42. ; ;
for Vienna the year before, met with more Liwrezia Borgia, Milan, Teatro della Scala,
success. Catarina Cornaro, his last opera, 1834; 43. Rosamunda d' Inghilterra, Flor-
made a decided failure at Naples in 1844. ence, Teatro della Pergola, 1834 (later at
Le due d'Albe, discovered a few j'ears ago iu Najjles as Eleonora di Guienna) ; 44. Maria
a sealed box, and i^roduced with some eclat Stuarda, Naples, 1834 (later at Rome as
iu Italy, was an early work. During the Buondelmonte) 45. Gemma di Vergi, Mil- ;
last years of his life Donizetti was subject an, 1835, Paris, Theatre Italien, Dec. 6,
to fits of melancholy. He
died of a stroke 1845 46. Marino Faliero, Paris, Theatre ;
of paralysis. Works Operas

1. Enrico Italien, 1835 47. Lucia di Lanunermoor,
:
;
di Borgogua, Venice, Teatro San Luca, 1818 NajDles, 1835 48. Belisario, Venice, T. ; ;
2. II falegnanie di Livonia, ib., 1819 3. della Fen ice, Feb. 7, 1836 49. II Cam- ; ;
Le uozze in villa, Mantua, 1820 4. Zora'ide panello di Notte, Naples, 1836, St. Peters-
;
di Granata, Home, 1822 5. La zingara, burg, January, 1864 50. Belly, ib., 1836
; ; ;
Naples, 1822 6. La lettera anonima, ib., 51. Roberto Devereux, ib.,

; 1836 52. Pio ;
1822 7. Chiara e Serafiua, Milan, 1822 de' Tolomei, Venice, 1837

; 53. Maria di ; ;
8. II fortuuato inganno, Venice, 1823 9. Rudenz, ib., 1838 54. Poliuto, not per- ; ;
Alfredo il Grande, ib., 1823 10. Unafolha, formed, Pai'is, Ojêra, as Les martyrs, Ajsril
;
ib., 1823 11. L' ajo nell' imbarrazzo, Rome, 10, 1840, aud Theatre Itahen, April 14,
;
1824 12. Emilia di Liverpool,

; Naple.s, 1859 55. Gianni di Parigi, Milan, 1839 ;
;
1824 13. Alahor in Granata,

; Palermo, 56. Gabriella di Vergi, ib., 1839 (not per-
1826 14. II castello degli iuvalidi, Na- formed, but given in Naples, 1844) 57.
; ;
ples, 182G 15. Elvida, ib., 1826

; 16. II La JiUe du regiment, Pai'is, Opera Co-
;
giovedi grasso, ib., 1827 17. Olivo e Pas- mique, Feb. 11, 1840 58. La favorite, ib..
; ;
quale, Eome, 1827 18. II Borgomastro Opera, Dec. 2, 1840

; 59. Adelasia, ossia la ;
di Saardam, Naples, 1827 19. Le cou- figlia dell' arciero, Rome, 1841
; 60. Mlaria ;
venienzi teatrali, ib., 1827 20. Otto mesi Padilla, Milan, 1841 ; 61. Linda di Cliamo- ;
in due Ore, Palermo, 1828 21. Bisahctla nix, Vienna, Kiirnthnerthor Theater, 1842
;
;
a Kenilworth, Najjles, 1828 22. La regina 62. Maria di Rohan, Vienna, 1843
; 63. ;
di Golcouda, Genoa, 1828 23. Gianni di Don Pasquale, Paris, Theatre Italien, Jan.
;
Calais, Naples, 1828, Paris, Theatre Italien, 4, 1843 64. Dom Sebastieu, Paris, OjJera, ;
Dec. 17, 1833 24. L' esule di Roma, Na- Nov. 13, 1843 65. Galarina Cornaro, Na-
; ;
ples, 1829 2.5. L' elisire d' amore, ib., ples, Teatro San Carlo, 1844 ; 66. Rita, ou
;
1820 26. II paria, ib., 1829 27. II castello le marl battu (posthumous), Paris, Ojêra
; ;
di Kenilworth, ib., 1829 28. II rfi7DJ0 uni- Comique, May 7, 1860

; 67. Le Due d'Albe, ;
versale, ib., 1830; 29. I pazzi per progetto, (do.), Barcelona, 1882. Dramatic and other
ib., 1830 30. Francesca di Foix, ib., 1830
; Cantatas L' Ai-istea, 1823 I voti de' sudditi, : ;
31. Isnelda di Lambertazzi, ib 1830 32. 1825 Elvira, 1826 H fausto ritorno, 1830
, ; ; ;
;
La romanziera, ib., 1830 33. Anna Bolena, Admete, 1832 ; La morte d' Ugoliuo, 1835.
;
Milan, 1831 34. Fausta, Najjles, 1831

; 35. Miscellaneous Nuits d'ete a Pausilippe (ly-
; :
Ugo, coute di Parigi, Milan, 1832 36. ric album) Sou'ees d'automue a I'lnfraa-
; ;
DON
cata (G songs ami duets) ; KCveries iiapoli- Noriua Siguora Grisi.
taiues (G ballads) Ispirazioui Vieuuesi (5 Ernesto
;
Signor Mario.
ariettas and 2 ducts) Les soirees de Paris Dr. Malatesta
; Signor Tamburini.
(12 cauzouets aud duets) ; 7 masses, of Dou Pasquale Signor Lublache.
whicli one is a requiem ; Several vespers,
Don Pasquale was played for uiany years
after its first representation as a piece of
the present, but for the sake of picturesque-
uess the characters were tiually dressed iu
the costume of the last century. It was
psalms, and motets 12 string quartets, aud produced iu London at Her Majesty's The-
;

some pianoforte music. Filipjio Ciccoiietti, atre, June 30, 1843. In 18G4 a French
Vita di G. Donizetti (Rome, 1864) Federico version, by Ali^honse Royer and Gustave
;
Alborglietti and Michelangelo Galli, Doni- Vaez, was given in Pai-is at the Theatre Ly-
zetti-Ma3'r (Bergamo, 1875) Clement, Mas. rique. An English version was given iu
;
coU'bres, 453 Fetis. ; New York, March 9, 184G it was first sung ;
DON JUAN. See Don Giomnni. there in Italian, Dec. 18, 1849.- Edwards,
DON PASQUALE, opera butia in three Lyrical Drama, ii. 3G.
acts, text and music by Donizetti, repre- DON QUIXOTE. The great romance of
sented at the Theatre Italieu, Paris, Jan. 4, Cervantes,
" El ingeuioso hidalgo Don Qiii-
1843. The derived from an older jote de la Maucha " (1G05-15), has furnished
plot is
Italian opera in two acts, Ser Marc' Antonio, the material for many operas. The earliest
music by Pavesi, which was represented iu appears to have been Der irreude Ritter :
Milan in 1811, and in Paris in 1813. Don Dou Quixote de Mancha, text by Hiusch,
la
Pasquale, old and rich, takes it into his music by Fiirtsch, Hamburg, 1690 and ;
head to marry. His friend, Dr. Malatesta, next, Don Quixote, text by D'Urfey, music
unable to dissuade him, jjroposes to him to by Henry Purcell, London, 1694. These
marry his sister Sophronia, a timid, modest were followed by Dou Chisciotto iu Sierra
:
girl, he tells him, brought up iu a convent. Morena, by Conti, Vienna, 1719 Dou Chis- ;
Under this guise he introduces to him a ciotto alia corte della duchessa, by Caldara,
young widow, Noriua, the beloved of Don Vienna, 1727 Don Chisciotto, hy Padre
;
Pasquale's nepliew, Ernesto. The old man Martiui, Italy, about 1730 by Treu, Bres- ;
is captivated aud a sham man-iage contract lau, 1727 ;by Holzbauer, Mannheim, 1755 ;
is signed. Thisno sooner done than

is by Picciuni, Naples, 1770 Dou Chisciotto ;
Noriua drops her assumed modesty and alle nozze di Gamazzo, by Salieri, Vienna,
leads the Don such a dance that he is finally 1771 Don Chisciotto della Maucia, by Pai-
;
glad to take the Doctor's advice and let Er- siello, Naples, 1769 Dou Quixote, German ;
nesto marry her iustead. He is too glad of opera, by Schack, Vienna, 1792 by Hubat- ;
his escape to quarrel with Malatesta wheu schek, Hermannstadt, about 1792 by Dit- ;
he discovers the plot, aud the young couple tersdorif, Oels, 1795 Don Chisciotto, Italian ;
are united with his blessing. This charm- opera, by Tarchi, Paris, 1791 by Generali, ;
ing opera, almost unequalled for sparkling text by Rossi, Milan, 1805 by Miari, Venice, ;
gayety aud comic situations, was writteu by about 1810 by Manuel Garcia, New York, ;
Donizetti iu three weeks. The exquisite 1827 by Mercadante, Cadiz, 1829 by Maz-
; ;
serenade in the third act, " Com' e gentil," zucato, Milan, 1836 by Lucantoni (ballet), ;
is still a favourite with concert singers. Milan, 1845 by Luigi Ricci, Jr., Venice, ;
The original cast of the opera was as fol- 1881 Don Quichotte chez la ducliesse (bal-
;
lows : let), text by Favart, music by Boismortier,
445
;
DON
Paris, 1743 Dou Quixote, by Macfarren,
; tin Moreto's comedy, "Desden con el des-
Loudon, 18i6 Ritter Don Quixote, by
; den (Disdain met with Disdain), which was
Spindler, about 1790 Die Abeuteuer des; adajited for the French stage by ^Moliere as
liitters Dou Quixote de la Maucha, by Sei- " La princesse d'Elide,'' for the Italian by
del, Berlin, 1811 Le nouveau Dou Qui-
; Carlo Gozzi as "La priucipessa filosofa, o
cliotte, by Champeiu, text by Boissel, Paris, il contravveleno," aud for the German by
1789 a Polish opera, similar title, by Mo-
; Joseph Schreyvogel as "Donna Diana."
niuszko, Wilna, 184:7 ; Dou Quicliotte at Leipsic Siguale (1886), 1078.
Sancho, by Clapisson, Paris, 1847 Dou DONNA DI SPIRITO, LA (The Woman
;
Quicliotte et Sancho Pausa, by Herve, Paris, of Genius), Italian opera buffa, music by
1848 Dou Quicbotte, b\' Ernest Boulauger, Piccinni, represented at Naples, about 1770.
;
text by Barbier aud Carre, Paris, 1869 DONNE DISPETTOSE, LE (The Spite-
Don Quixote, by Frederic Clay, London, ful Women), Italian comic opera, music
1875 ; Dou Quixotte, operetta, by Both and by Piccinni, represented at the Teatro
Weiuzierl, Vienna, 1879. Fioreutino, Naples, 1754. Piccinni made
DON QUIXOTE, characteristic compo- his debut as a composer with this work,
sition for orchestra, by Antou liubinsteiu, after twelve years' study in the Couserva-
op. 87. Published by Senfi' (Leip.sic). torio.
DON RODKIGO. See Cid. DONNEZ POUR UNE PAUVRE AME.
DONNA BIANCA DAVENELLO, LA. See Pruphlie.
See La Dame blanche. DONT, JAKOB, born in Vienna, March
DONNA DEL LAGO, LA (The Lady of 2, 1815, still living, 1888. Violinist, son
the Lake), Italian opera in two acts, text by of the violoncellist Josef Valentin Dont
Tottola,music by Rossini, first represented (1776-1833), pupil of BOhm aud Hellmes-
at the Teatro Sau Carlo, Najjles, Oct. 4, berger, the elder, at the Couservatorium in
1819 in Loudon, King's Theatre, Feb. 18,
; Vienna, where he entered the orchestra of
1823 in Paris, Sept. 7, 1824
; in New ; the Burgtheater in 1831, aud the imperial
York, Nov. 28, 1833. Subject from Walter Court orchestra in 1834. He distinguished
Scott's "Lady of the Lake." The leading himself as a solo and quartet
player, and
jjart, Elena, was written for Mile Colbran, was much esteemed as a teacher. He has
who saug it with striking success. In this beeu since 1873 professor at the Couser-
work Rossini introduced for the first time vatorium. His compositions, numbering
a military baud on the stage. Much of the about 50 works, and comprising concertos,
music of the Donna del Lago was afterwards solos, variations, quartets, etc., were most
transferred to Robert Bruce. A French favourably commented upon by Spohr.
version. La dame du lac, in four acts, text Fetis Mendel Riemann.
; ;
by d'Epaguy, Auguste Rousseau, aud Horace DOPPEL-SINFONIE. See Jrdisches und

Raisson, with the music arranged by Le- Gottliches im Meuschenlebeu.
mii're de Corvey, was given at the Odeon, DOPPLER, (ALBERT) FRANZ, born at
Paris, Oct. 31, 1825. The Knight of Snow- Lemberg, Galicia, Oct. 1, 1821, died at
dou, English opera, music by Henry Row- Baden, near Vienna, July 27, 1883. Hav-
ley Bishop, London, 1811, deals with the ing finished his musical education in Vi-

same subject. Edwards, Prima Donna, i. enna, aud made a concert tour with his
1G4 Clemeut and Larousse, 233.
; brother Karl, he became first flute at the
DONNA DIANA, comic opera, text by theatre of Pesth, where he began to com-
Wittkowski, music by Heinrich Hofmaun, pose. In 1858 he was engaged for the Vi-
first represented at the Royal Opera House, enna Hofoper. Works Beujowski, Polish:
Berlin, Nov. 15, 1886. Subject from Agus- opera given in 1847 Ilka, Hungarian
;
44G
;
DOPFLEIl
opera, 1849 Afaiiasia

; Wanda, Polish tlior of motets fonml in Attaignanfs collec-
;
'
opera, 1851 Erzebetli

; (with bis brother tions, especially in XU. motets ii quatre et :
Karl and with Erkel) Die beideu Husaren, cinq voix, etc. (1529). Fetis, iii. 47.
;
Hungarian comic ojjera, 1853 Judith, Ger- DORN, HEINRICH
;
EG- (LUDWIG
man opera, Vienna, 1870 overtures, bal- MONT), born in;
lets, and other music.

Wurzhach, Biogr. Kc'migsberg, Nov.
Lex., iii. 372 Mendel,;
iii. 214 Fetis, iii. ; 14, 1804, still living,
4G ; Suppk'raent, i. 277 Sowinski, 160.;

1888, in Berlin. He
DOPPLER, KAEL, born at Lemberg in studied law at the
1826, still living, 1888. Studied under his KOnigsberg Univer-
father and his brother, Franz Doppler. sity, and after visit-
After a concert tour he became conductor ing Leipsie, Dres-

at a theatre in Pesth. Works Das Lager : den, Prague, and
der Grenadiere ; Der Sohu der Wiiste, Vienna, settled at
'
Hungarian operas given in 1852 and 1854 ;

Berlin, where he '
ballets and pieces for the flute. Mendel

pursued his musical studies under Zelter,
Fetis Wurzbach, Biogr. Lex., iii. 372
;
Berger, and Klein. He produced an opera
;
Sowinski, 160. at Berlin with success was appointed con- ;
DORATI, (Doratus) NICOLO, Venetian ductor of the theatre in Ki'migsberg, and

composer of madrigals, lived in the second filled a like position in 1829-32, in Leipsie,
halt of the IGth century. Works Madrigali a where he instructed Schumann in counter-
:
cnique, sei e sette voci, lib. 1-2 (1559) Mad- point. After a short engagement at a
;
rigali a cinque voci, lib. 1, 2, 3, 4 (Venice, Hamburg theatre, he succeeded Wagner

15G7).Fetis Mendel, iii, 215 Erganz.,91. as conductor in Riga, and in 1843 was
; ;
DORFBARBIER, DER (The Village Bar- called to Cologne, where he founded in

ber), German Singspiel, music by Johanu 1845 the Rheinisehe Musikschule. In 1849
Adam Hiller, represented at Leipsie, about he became conductor of the Berlin Royal
1770 opera,
; music byNeefe, Leijasic, 1772 Opera, from which he was;
retired on a
music by Johann Schenck, Vienna, 1796 pension with his colleague, Wilhelm Tau- ;
music by Ludwig Seidel, Berlin, 1817. See bert, at the beginning of 1869, to make
Barbier de village. way for Karl Eckert. He received the title
DORFJAHRiNIARKT, DER (The Annual of Kfjniglicher Professor, and has since
Village Fair), German operetta, music by been engaged in teaching and writing.
Georg Beuda, 1776. In 1876 he celebrated the fiftieth anni-
DORING, KARL HEINRICH, born in versary of the beginning of his career as
Dresden, in 1834, still living there, 1888. a composer. He has published an autobi-
Instrumental and vocal comjjoser, pupil at ography. Works Operas Die Rolands- :
the Conservatorium of Leipsie, 1852-55, knappen, performed at Berlin in 1826 ;
then of Hauptmann and Lobe in counter- Der Zauberer, melodrama, ib., 1827 Die ;
point and composition taught music at Bettlerin, Konigsberg, 1828

;
Abu Kara, ;
Leipsie until 1858, when he returned to Leipsie, 1831 Das Schwiirmermiidchen, ;
Dresden, and became a professor at the ib., 1832 Der SchOffe von Paris, Riga^ ;
Conservatorium there. He has composed 1838 Das Banner von England, Riga, ;
masses and other church music, pianoforte 1841 Die Nibelungen, Weimar, 1854, his ;
jiieces, and songs, and is also an able writer most successful production
Ein Tag in ;

on music. Mendel. Russland, comic opera, 1856 Der Boten- ;
DORLE, French musician of the early liiufer von Pirna, 1865 (xcwitter bei Son- ;
part of the 16th century. He was the au- nenschein, operetta, 1869 Amor's Macht, ;
7
;
DORNROSCIIEN
ballet, Leipsic, 1830 Missa jsro defunc- vart, Paris, Sept. 6, 1798. This little work
;
tis, performed at Berlin in 1851 Church was a success, having had more than fifty
;
music Cantatas, symphonies, songs, and representations. The part of Suzette was
;
other pieces for orchestra and for p)iano- charmingly sung by Madame Saint-Aubin.
forte.
Dorn, Aus meinem Leben (Berlin, Pougin, Boieldieu. 55.
1870, 2 vols.) ; Mendel ; Fetis ; do., Supple- DOTZALER, JUSTUS JOH.^JNN FRIED-
ment, i. 278 ; Eiemann. RICH, born at
DOKNEOSCHEN, German opera, music Hiisselrieth, near
by Ferdinand Lauger, represented at the H i 1 d burghausen,
Stadttheater, Hamburg, March 18, 188G. Jan. 20, 1783, died
It was conducted by the composer and had in Dresden, March
a signal success. 6, 1860. Violon-
DOROTHY, comic ojiera, music by Al- cellist, studied the
fred Cellier, represented at the Gaiety The- jiianoforte under
atre, London, Sej^t. 25, 1886. Heuschkel, violin
DORS, CHER ENFANT. See Blariche under G 1 e i c h -
de Provence. mann, and compo-
DORUS, VINCENT JOSEPH LOUIS sition under Riittinger, all in Hiklburghau-
VAN STEENKISTE, called, born at Valen- sen, where also Hessner gave him his first
ciennes, March 1, 1812, still living, 1888. violoncello lessons. His love for this in-
Virtuoso on the flute, pupil at the Paris strument caused him to be sent to Meinin-
Conservatoire, from 1812, of Guillou ; won gen, where he made such progress under
the second prize in 1826, and the first in Kriegek, that he was engaged for the court
1828. He was a member of the Varietes orchestra in 1801-5. Thence he went to
orchestra iu 1828-30, and of that of the Leipsic, and in 1806 to Berlin, where Bern-
Opt'ra in 1831-61 ; member of the Societe hard Romberg influenced him much. In
des Concerts du Conservatoire, and musi- 1811 he joined the royal orchestra in Dres-
cian to the Emjseror succeeded Tulou as ; den, and excei^ting concert tours in Ger-
professor of the flute at the Conservatoire, many and the Netherlands, lived there until
in 1858 and was first flute at the Acade-
; his death, composing, playing, and teach-
mic de Musique. Works iSchos des la- : ing. Among his jjupils were his son, Louis
gunes, solo pour flftte sixteen airs varies ; ; Ludwig Dotzauer, Karl Schuberth, Drechs-
Fautaisies et melanges sur des melodies ler, and Kummer. Works Graziossi, opera :
de Donizetti (Mainz) Variations sur une ; performed at Dresden in 1811 Mass Sym- ; ;
Tyrolieune de Weber ; Cretly, valse Suisse ; phony ;Overtures Duets and quartets
;
Marches des chasseurs de Lutsow, with Concertos for violoncello and orchestra Ex- ;
Herz and other music. Fetis Larousse

; ; ; ercises, variations, sonatas, and other pieces
Mendel. for violoncello Waltzes for pianoforte and
; ;
DOT, LA (The Dowry), comedy an excellent violoncello method. Allgem.

in three
acts, text by Desfontaines, music by Dalay- d. Biogi-., V. 865 Mendel Fetis; Grove. ; ;
rac, represented at the Italiens, Paris, Nov. DOUAY (Douai), EMILE, born in Paris
21, 1785. The libretto is clever, and the about 1802, died (?). Dramatic composer,
music sj)rightly and pleasing. The over- pupil of Reicha in harmony and counter-
ture is one of the best by the composer. point. When the Theatre du Gymnase was
DOT DE SUZETTE, LA (Suzette's Dow- opened, in 1822, he became first violinist,
r}-),opura-comique in one act, text by De- and in 1823 assistant chef d'orchestre. He
jaure, from a romance by Fievee, music by brought out Une bonne mere, opera, iu :
Boieldieu, represented at the Theatre Fa- 1822, and Une aventure de Faublas, opera,
as
DOUAY
in 1823. Ill he became solo violinist
ltS27 ;
uoune, 1872 ;La tunique fatale, 1873 Le ;
in 1831 retired from that theatre aiul from piege, 1874 ; Le hanneton de la chatelaine,
public life, and was not heard of until 1843, Les valets modeles, Les mules de Suzette,
when he brought out au overture, Gene- Oh c' Paladin, 1875 ; Uu trio d'aftames, Le
vieve des Bois, and a sj'mphonic iôeni. La pays des bijoux, 1876. Fetis, Supplement,
creation, la vie et la destruction, at a con- i. 279.
cert hall in Paris, with his own orchestra. DOUBLE ICPEEUVE, LA. See Colinelte
These works were much criticised and, a la Cour.

though they showed him to be a clever DOUCE JOUVENCELLE. See Zampa.
composer, failed to interest the general DOUELEN, VICTOR (CHARLES
public. then went to Germany, and on PAUL), born at Dunkirk, Nov. 3, 1780,
He
his return to Paris spent three years in died in Paris, January, 1864. Dramatic
composing two more orchestral pieces with composer, pupil at the Paris Conservatoire
chorus and solos Christophe Colomb and from 1797
:
studied the pianoforte under ;
La mer, ou une harmony under Catel, and counter-

vols dans I'orage, which Moziu,
wêre performed at the Salle Ventadour. point under Gossec, winning the second
He afterwards brought out Jeanne (d'Arc), grand prix in 1804, and the grand prix de
musical trilogy for full orchestra, chorus, Rome in 1805. Before leaving Paris he
and solos, and La chasse royale, k'gende de brought out an opera, Philocles and he sent ;
la Forut de Fontainebleau, with orchestra, to the Institut, from Rome, in 1808, a Dies
chorus, and solo. None of these compo- irse. He was assistant professor of harmony
sitions were successful, although they at- and accompaniment in 1812-16, and profes-
tracted much notice. He was violinist at .soriu 1816-42. Works Philocles, opera- :
the Theatre Italien, and later wrote an comique, Opera Comique, Paris, 1806 Lin- ;
overture, and a symjihony for the concerts nee, ou la mine de Suede, do., Theatre Fey-
of the Jeunes Artistes du Conservatoire deau, 1808 ; La dupe de son art, do., ib.,
under Pasdeloup, and a musical Hcro'ide for 1809 ; Cagliostro (with Reicha), do., ib.,
one voice and orchestra entitled Homcre. 1810 ; Plus heureux que sage, do., ib., 1816 ;
Fetis, iii. 50 Supplement, i. 278 Mendel.

; ;
Le frere Philippe, do., ib., 1818 ; Marini,
DOUAY, GEORGES, born in Paris, Jan. do., ib., 1819 ; Vente apri's deces, 1821 ;
7, 1840, still living, 1888. Amateur dra- Le petit souper, 1822 ; Sonatas for piano-
matic composer, ijupil of Duprato. His forte op. 1 Fautaisie sur la romance de ;
operas and musical sketches have been Belisaire First concerto for pianoforte, op. ;
jjlayed at all the minor theatres and cafcs- 3 Trio for pianoforte, violin, and bass, op. ;
chantants of Paris. Works La fleur du 4 Three sonatas with flute, op. 9

:
sonata ; ;
Val-Suzon, opera-comique, played at the for four hands, op. 10. He published also
Theatre Lyrique, 1862 ; La barbe de Betas- several didactic works. Fetis, iii. 50 ; do..
son,Jerome Pointu, and Les amoureux de Supplement, i. 279 Mendel. ;
Fauchon, 18G1: Les crepes de la marquise,

; DOUTE DE LA LUMlfcRE. See Ham-
1865 Les gammes d'Oscar, and Vauuavet let.
;
I'empailleur, 1866 Uu
bureau de nourrices,
;
D'OU VENEZ-VOUS, MA CHEEE ? See
and Un Merlan Le Domino Noir.
LY'caillere africaine, 1867 ;
frit, Le double Pii'ge, 1868 Ce bon roi DOVE SONO. See Le None di Figaro.
;
Dagobert, 1869 La premiere Escarmouche,

;
DOWLAND, JOHN, born iu Westmin-
1870 Le phoque a ventre blanc, and Creme ster, London, iu 1562, died in 1626. Lu-
;
fouettee, 1871 Le petit Vert-Vert, Le gar- tist, one of the musicians who harmonized
;
nisaire, Le jwmmier des amours, Le tresor the psalm tunes published by Este in 1592.
de la tante Bechu, Le tonueau de Mig- In 1584 he visited France, Germany, and
449
DOWLAXD
Italy on bis return to England he took, Robert Hales, Anthony Holborne, and
;
in 1588, the degree of Mus. Bac. at Ox- Richard Martin. He also edited Varietie :
ford, and in 1592 at Cambridge. In 1597 of Lessons viz., Fautasie.s, Pavins, Gal- :
he published the First Book of Songes liards, Almaines, Corantoes and Volts, etc.
or Ayres of four parts, with Tableture for Whereuuto is annexed certaine Observa-
the Lute, of which four other editions tions belonging to Lute-playing, by John
were published, in 1600, 1G03, 1608, and Baptisto Besardo of Viconti Also a short ;
1613 and in 1844 it was printed in score Treatise thereunto appertayning, by John
;
by the Musical Antiquarian Society. Soon Dowland, Batchelor of Musicke (1610).

after its publication, he became lutist to Grove Riemaun, 220. ;
Christian IV., King of Denmark, and while DOWN

IN A FLOWERY VALE. See
in that country he published Second Quando ritrovo la mia pastorella.
:
Booke of Songs or Ayres of 2, 4 and 5 jjarts DOYAGUE, MANUEL JOSE, born in

. . . . Also an Excelent lesson for the Salamanca, Spain, Feb. 17, 1755, died
Lute and Base Viol, called Dowland's adew there, Dec. IS, 1842. The son of a poor
;
for Master Oliuer Cromwell (London, 1600). artisan, he became a chorister in the cath-
He was still in Denmark in 1602, and pub- edral, was soon admitted to the free school
lished The Third and last Booke of Songs of music, and in 1781, when only twentj'-
:
or Ayres, etc. He returned to England in six years old, succeeded Don Juan ^Martin,
1605, made another visit to Denmark, and on his retirement, as maestro de capilla. He
finally settled in England in 1609. In was also appointed maestro of music at the
1612 he was lutist to Lord AValden, and university. He was a priest and canon of
in 1625 one of the six lutists in the ser- the cathedral, and spent the rest of his life
vice of the king. Works : Lachrynife or in strict seclusion, attending to his duties,
Seven Teares, figured in seaven passionate and devoting himself to the composition of
Pavans, etc., set forth for the Lute, Viols music for his own choir. So little was he
or Violins, in five parts (1605). The first known, that it was not until he was asked
pavan of these seven is the one known as to go to Madrid, to superintend the bring-
Lachrymse, spoken of by the dramatists of ing out of his own great Te Deum in 1813,
that period. He piublished a translation of that he became famous. His mass for
Andreas OruithoparcusV. treatise, Micro- eight voices and orchestra, given at Madrid
logus, in 1609. A Pilgrime's Solace, wherein in 1830, excited universal enthusiasm and ;
is contained Musicall Harmonie of 3, 4 and he was made, in 1831, honorary maestro of
5 parts, to be sung and plaid with Lute and the Madrid Conservatorio. His master-
Viols, was published in 1612. Shakespeare piece was a Magnificat for eight voices with
celebi'ates his skill upon the lute in one of orchestra and organ. When Doyague died,
"
the sonnets of his " Passionate Pilgrim he was buried with great pomp in Sala-
(1599). Grove Mendel Eiemann, 220.
; ; manca, and the original of his celebrated
DOWL.\ND, ROBERT, son of John jMaguificat, enclosed in a leaden casket, was
Dowland, succeeded his father as lutist to laid by him in his marble tomb. Other
the king in 1626 he was living in 1641, works Magnificat for four voices and or-
; :
and was then one of the musicians for the chestra a third for eight voices and instru-
;
Waytes. He edited A Musicall Bauqvet. ments in D Lamentations for Holy Week

: ; ;
Furnished with varietie of Delicious Ayres, Three Miserere in E-flat others for four ;
Collected out of the best Authors in English, voices, in P Solemn Mass for eight voices, ;
French, Spanish, and Italian, by Robert orchestra and organ, in G Mass for four ;
Dowland (1610). The authors alluded to voices, in F Two others in A. Psalms for ;
are Daniel Batchelar, John Dowland, Vespei's for all festival Office for the dead.
: ;
450
:;
;
DliAESEKE
and orchestra Fimer- to the Emjiress Leonore, and iu 1782 he
for four voices, cliorus ;
I
al motet for four two violins, took up his abode there for life.
voices, with The
viola and bass, in F Several Genitori a scores of most of his works are iu the Im-
; ;
great number of psalms, motets, villiancicos, perial library, and some in the archives of
airs, duets, and quartets for church use, in the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde. His
all kinds of vocal and instrumental com- librettos, some of them illustrated, werf
binations.
Fctis Larousse Mendel.
; printed in the Imperial press by Cosmerov
;
DRAESEKE, FELIX, born at Coburg, and have nearly all been preserved. Oc-
Gerinanj% Oct. 7, casionally he wrote librettos wliicli were set
18 3 5, still living, by other composers, Ziani, Bertali, and even
1888. Dramatic the Emperor Leopold, who composed the
and instrumental complete opera, Apollo deluso. Works
composer, puj)il of Aronisba, 1663 Alcindo, Doriclea, 1665
; ;
Kietz at the Con- Muzio Scevola, 1666 Ercole acquisitator ;
servatorium, Leip- deir immortalita, 1667 Atalanta, 1669 ; ;
sic. An enthusias- Leonida in Tegea, Itide, Penelope, La

tic disciple of Liszt prosjierita d' Elio, Segano, 1670 ; Cidippe,
at "Weimar,he went L'avidita di Mida, Gara de Genni, 1671 ;
afterwards to Dres- Guudelberga, La Sulpizia, Gli atomi d" Eiji-

den, and in 18G4- curo, 1672 Provare per non recitare. La
;
74 was instructor at the Conservatoire at Tessalonica, 1673 La lanterna di Diogene, ;
Lausanne, with the inteiTuption of one II ratto delle Sabine, II fuoco eterno custo-
year (18GS-09), when he was called to dito dalle Vestali, 1674 ; Pirro, I pazzi Ab-
Munich by von Biilow to teach at the royal deriti, 1675 ; Lucrezia, Seleueo, 1676 ; II
Conservatorium. Having then for a time silenzio d' Ai-pocrate,Adriano sul monte
lived at Geneva, he settled at Dresden. Casio, Chelonida, Rodogeue, 1677 La con- ;
Both as a composer and as a writer on quista del vello d' oro, Creso, Enea iu Italia,
music, he belongs to the extreme Leucippe, La monarchia latiua trionfante,

left. He
has published a number of pianoforte II tempio di Diana in Taurica, II vincitor
pieces remarkable for rhythmic and har- magnanimo in Tito Quinto, 1678 Flaminio, ;
monic subtleties. Works Fantasiestiicke Baldracca, 1679 Ija pazienza di Soerate

: ;
in Walzerform, op. 3 ; Deux valses de Con- con due mogli, 1680 ; II Temistoele, Achille
cert, op. 4 ; a tine sonata in E major, op. 6 ;
in Tessalia, La forza dell' amicizia, 1681
several pieces for pianoforte and violon- Gli stratagemmi di Bionte, La chimera,
cello, symphony, and some vocal com-
a 1682 La lira d' Orfeo, II palladio in Roma,
;
positions, and an opera, Gudrun, given in 1683 ; La piii generosa Spartana, Le nere
Hanover in 1884. He is an expounder of azioni di Temise, risorgimento della
II
the ideas of Wagner in musical reform, ruota della fortuna, 1685 Le scioccag- ;
and has written several critical works. giui degli Psilli, Lo studio d' amore, 1686 ;
Grove ; Fetis, SujJijlcment, i. 280 ; Men- La vendetta dell' onesta, La vittoria della
del ; Rieniaun fortezza, 1687 ; II marito ama piti, la moglie

DRAGHI, ANTONIO, born at Ferrara, ama meglio, Tanasio, 1688 ; I Pianeti be-
Italy, in 1635, died in Vienna, Jan. 18, nigui, Pimmalione in Cipro, Rosaura, 1GS9 ;
1700. Dramatic composer. He at first La regina de' Volsci, II ringiovenito, II
wrote masses and motets, and produced his tributo de' Sari, La varieta di fortuna in
first opera in 1003. In 1774 he was in- Lucio Giunio Bruto, II merito uniforma i
vited to Vienna as Hoftheater Intendant to geni, 1691 Fedelta e generosita, 1692
;
the Emperor Leopold I., and Kapellmeister Amore in sogno, Le piante della virtii e
461
DRAGHI
Le piu ricclie gemme, 1693 Harmony," for the celebration of St. Ceci-
della fortuua, ;
Pelopida Tebano iu Tessaglia, L' ossequio lia's Day in 1687 jjart of the music to ;
della poesia e della storia, Le sere dell' D'Urfey's comic opera, Wonders in the Sun,
Aventino, 1094 ; La ebioma di Berenice, or, the Kingdom of the Birds, 1706. Many
La Antioco grande, Industrie songs by him are found in the collections
finta cecita d'
aiuorose de' ragazze di Trazia, 1695 Mag- of the daj'. Grove Fetis Mendel.
; ; ;
uianimita di Fabrizio, La tirannide abbatuta DRAGON OF WANTLEY, THE, Eng-

dalla virtti, Adalberto, ovvero la forza dell'burlesque opera, text by Henry Carey,
lish
astuzie femiiiili, Amor per virtii, Le pira- music by John Frederick Lampe, rep-
midi d' Egitto, 1697 ; Arbace, foudatore resented at Covent Garden, London, in
deir impero de' Parti, Delizioso ritiro di 1737. Subject from the old ballad of the
LucuUo, Idea del felice governo, 1698 ; Le same name (Percy's Eelique.s, IX. 13), in
fiuezze deir amicizia e deU' onore, L' AI- which the hero is More of More-Hall, made
by Carey into
Moore of Moore-
aff^9^^ hall. It is
mirable burlesque
an ad-
of Italian opera,
ceste, 1699. He wrote in all eighty-seven especially of Handel's Giustino, which had
ojoeras, as many feste teatrali and serenades, just appeared, with its
dragons vomiting
and thirty-two oratorios. Fotis Grove
; ;
fire, and
and it had a suc-
fantastic animals,
Mendel. cess not inferior to that of the Beggar's
DKAGHI, GIOVANNI BAPTISTA, an Opera. In 1738 Carey brought out at Cov-
Italian musician, supposed to have been a ent Garden a sequel to it, entitled Margery.
brother of Antonio Draghi, who settled in Hogarth, ii. 73.
London about the middle of the 17th cen- DRAGONETTI, DOMENICO, born iu
tury. He excelled on the harpsichord, and Venice, April,
so completely adopted the English style of 1755, died in
composition that he is regarded as an Eng- Loudon, April 16,
lish composer. The earliest notice of him 1840. Double-
is in Pepys's Diary, under the date, Feb. bass plaj-er, sou
12, 1667. Pepys heard him sing at Lord of a poor musi-
Bourncker's house, an act of an Italian opera cian. He taught
which he had written at the instance of himself the
Thomas Killigrew, but it is doubtful whether guitar and the
this opera was ever produced iu public, violin, and was
though Draghi lived to see the introduc- able to take a
tion of Italian ojjera into England at the place in an orchestra when eleven j'ears old.
beginning of the following century. He He studied next under Berini, double-bass

was music-master to Queen Anne, and pro- Marco and the best master in
player in S.
bably also to her elder sister. Queen Mary. him eleven lessons,
Venice, who, after giving
Works Act tunes and other instrumental
: said there was nothing more to teach uim.
music for Shadwell's opera of Psyche, 1675, When thirteen years old he was admitted
the rest of the music being composed by to the orchestra of the Opera Buffa, and a
Matthew Lock, whom Draghi succeeded, in year later to the Opera Seria. In his eigh-
1077, as organist to Catherine of Braganza, teenth year he was appointed to the post
wife of Charles H. music for Dryden's ode in the choir of S. Marco, hitherto filled by
;
beginning, " From Harmony, from heavenly Berini, who persuaded him to accept it.
452
; ;
DRAGON I
At this time he composed concertos, so- his death. Works : Madrigali a cinque voci
uat.as, solos, etc., iu which lie played pai'ts (Veuice, 1575) do. (ib., 1579)
; do. (ib., ;
which no one else could master. While 1594) ; Madrigali a sei voci (ib., 1583) ;
playing iu Vicenza he discovered a mar- Vilanelle a cinque voci (ib.,1588) Motetti ;
vellous double-bass, from which he never per tutti i santi dell' anno, a cinque voci
again parted, and which he bequeathed at (ib.,1578) Motetti a tre voci (ib., 1580)
; ;
his death to the vestry of S. Marco, an in- Madrigali a sei voci, Motetti a cinque voci
strument made by Gasparo di Salo, master (Rome, 1600). In the Santini Collection,
of the Aniati, find which had belonged to Rome Three Benedictus for 8 voices. Dixit
:
the convent of S. Pietro. Iu 1794 he ap- for 7 voices, and a mass for 4 voices iu
peared iu London at the Opera and at the
canon. Fetis Mendel. ;
King's Theatre, and excited universal aston- DRAMATISCHE SYMPHONIE (Dra-

ishment at the force aud expression of his matic Symphony), in D minor, for grand
playing, and his power of reading at sight. orchestra, by Anton Rubinstein, op. 95.
There he became intimate with Robert Dedicated to Otto Dessoti'. Edited and
Lindley, the violoncellist, whose insepar- published by Bartholf Senff (Leipsic).
able compauion he was for fifty-two years, DRECHSLER, JOSEF, born at Vlachovo
l)laying at the same desk with him at the Bfezi (Wallisch-Birkcu), Bohemia, May 2G,
Opera, the Antient Concerts, the Philhar- 1782, died iu Vienna, Feb. 27, 1852. Dra-
monic, the Provincial Festivals, etc. Soon matic composer, first instructed by his
London, Dragonetti met
after bis arrival in father, then pupil in thorough-bags aud
Haydn, with whom he became intimate on ; counterpoint of the famous organist Gro-
his way to Italy, in 1798, he visited that tius at the Benedictine monastery of Floreu-
great master iu Vienna. In 1808 and 1809, bach. In 1807 he went to Vienna, found
he was in Vienna, but from caprice, would employment at the imperial Ojiera in 1810,
play before no one but the family of Prince and was made Kapellmeister adjunct iu
Starhemberg, in whose palace he lived, and 1812 having afterwards filled positions as
;
where he made the acquaintance of Bee- conductor at the theatres of Baden and
thoven, and of Sechter, afterwards court Pressburg, he became organist at the Serv-
organist. In 181.5, when ninety years old, ites iu Vienna, where in 1815 he opened a
he headed the double-basses, thirteen in music school, and gratuitously taught the
number, at the Beethoven Festival at Bonn. organ and thorough-bass. Iu 1816 he be-
He left but few works. Three canzonets came Regens chori at St. Ann's, iu 1823
with Italian words, written during his staj- Kapellmeister at the University church, and
Can- at the jmrish church am Hof, and in 1844
in Vienna, are iu a collection of xxxiv.
zonette e Romanzie by various composers, succeeded Giinsbacher at St. Stephen's ca-
dedicated to the Archduke Rodolph, Bee- thedral, in the same capacity. From 1822
thoven's friend and pupil. He left 182 to 1830 he was also Kapellmeister at the
volumes of scores of classical oiêras to the Leopoldstildter Theater. Works Operas :
British Museum. F. CatB, Vita di D. Drago- Claudine von Villabella, given in Vienna
netti (Venice), 184G ; Fctis ; Grove Mendel
; about 1830 Der Zauberkorb Pauline
; ; ;
Riemanu. Die Schauernacht Die Feldmiihle Con- ; ;
DRAGONI, GIOVANNI ANDREA, born Operettas and vaudevilles-: Ydor

tine.
at Meldola, Pontifical States, Der Diamaut des GeisterkiJnigs Gisf)erl
about 1.540, ;
died in Rome, December, 1598. One of the und Fisperl Das Madchen aus der Feen- ;
best contrapuntists of the Roman school, welt Der Berggeist Capricciosa

; Die ; ;
pupil of Palestriua, and maestro di cappella Girafi'e Das griine Manncheu Oscar und
; :
of S. Giovanni iu Laterano, from 1570 to Tina Lisko und Saldino Die Schlangen-
; ;
; ;
DllEI
konigin ; Sylpliide ; Der Tauseutlsassa ;

Biogr., V. 397 ; Fetis ; Mendel ; Winter-
Das Yergissiueiiniiclit ; Die "Wiener iu Bag- 603 fekl, Der evang. Kirchengesang, ii.
dad Die "WOltiu um

; Mitteruacbt Die
Spitta, J. S. Bach, i. 1G2 (English ed., 164).
;
Wunderbrille Der Zauberscblaf Friibliug,

; DEESEL, OTTO, born at Andernaeh, on
;
Sommer, Herbst uud Wiuter Der "Wun- the Ehine, in 1826, still living, 1888.
;
derdoctor Cabale imd Liebe, etc.

; Sev- After studying under Hiller at Cologne, and
eral 23automimes 3 grand cantatas 10 Mendelssohn at Leipsic, he went to New
; ;
masses Keqniem ; Offertories and gradu- York in 1848, as a concert pianist and
;
als;
Quartets for strings; Sonatas for pi- teacher, but returned to Germany after a
anoforte Variations, rondos, marches, and year or two.
; In 1852 he went to Boston,
dances for do. Fugues for the organ IMass., where he has resided ever since, with
;
Songs Method for the organ Treatise on the excei^tion of a few visits to Germanj'.
; ;
harmony.
F e t i s Mendel Schilling He was for some time the leading iîanist
; ; ;
Wurzbach. in Boston, but he withdrew from the con-

DREI PINTOS, DIE, opera in three acts, cert-room about 1868, and gave up teaching
by Carl Maria vou Weber, written about a few years later. For a man of his excep-
1821, left unfinished completed from the tionallj- fine musical instincts and culture
;
comjDoser's sketches by G. Mahler, and rep- he has composed comparatively little, but
resented at the Stadttheater, Leijssic, Jan. his influence upon music in Boston, always
20, 1888. The first and the third acts were exerted in furthering the cause of the great
enthusiastically received, but the second classic masters, and especially Mendelssohn,
was not so successful. The management Schumann, Chopin, and Robert Franz, has
of the theatre is said to have paid 20,000 been ver\- strong. He has long been a co-
marks for the MS. N. Zeitschr, f. Mus. worker with Franz iu writing additional
(1887), 1:71 (1888) 5, 20, 32, 44, 53, G.5
;
accompaniments to the scores of Bach and ;
Siguale (1888), 113. Handel. His 2:)ianoforte score of Handel's

DRESE, ADA:M, born probably in "Wei- Messiah, arranged from Franz's completed
mar, iu 1620, died in Arnstadt, Feb. 15, score (Leijjsic, Kistner), is in every resjsect
1701. In his youth he was sent by "Wilhelm a model. His published works are few :
IV., Duke of "Weimar, to "Warsaw to study G songs with pianoforte, op. 3 (Leipsic,
composition under JIarco Saechi, and on Breitkopf & Hiirtel) Songs and fugitive ;
his return became Kapellmeister at Wei- lîanoforte pieces, among which are tran-
mar. When his patron died, in 1662, lie ac- scriptions of songs by Franz. The follow-
cepted a similar position in Jena, and was ing works, still in MS., have been performed
also secretary of the chamber to Duke Bern- iu Boston Trio for jîanoforte, violin, and
:
hard. In 16G7 he left Jena, but ajipeared violoncello Quartet for pianoforte and
;
there again in later years, and iu 1683 be- strings ; Army Hj'mn for solo, chorus
and
came Kapellmeister iu Arnstadt. Worldly- orchestra, to words by Oliver Wendell
minded in youth, he was drawn toward Holmes, given iu the Music Hall at the
pietism later by Spener's works. Es2ie- jubilee concert iu celebration of President
cially notable was his musical treatment of Lincoln's emancipation proclamation, Jan.
the recitative. Wôrks Operas whose titles 1, 1863 In Memoriam, ballad for sojjrano
: ;
even are now unknown Hymns and cho- and orchestra, to Longfellow's ver.ses on the
;
rals, fourteen of which are in Georg Neu- fiftieth birthday of Louis Agassiz, ib., Jan.
mark's Fortgeisflanzter musikalisch-poeti- 29, 1874.

scher Wald (Jena, 1657) Pianoforte suites, DRESLER (Dreslerus), G.iLLUS, born
;
sonatas, and church music, besides a work at Nebra, Thuringia, about 1535. He suc-

ou composition all now lost. Allgem. d. ceeded Martin Agricola as cantor iu ]\Iagde-
;
454
;;
DRESSLEIl
bm-n- about 1558, was deacon for the Opera, but instead had to write the
and from 15G(5 '
of the Nicolaikirclie Works music for dramas and pantonnines, among

in Zerbst. :
Cantiones sacriB (Wittenberg, 15GS Magde- others. La nouvelle Jeanne d'Arc, Sophie et
;
burg, 1569, 1570, 1577 Nuremberg, 1574, Linska, etc. Fetis, Supplement,
;
280. i.
1577) Auserlesene teutselie Lieder (Magde-

;
DREYER, JOHANN aiELCHIOR, boru
burg, 1570; Nuremberg, 1575, 15S0) Ele- at Ellwaugen, Wiirtemberg, about 17G5,
;
menta musicse practicce (Magdeburg, 1571, died there, beginning of this century. He
1584).Allgem. d. Biogr. Mendel Fctis was organist of the cathedral in his native
; ;
Wluterfeld, Der evang. Kircbengesang, i. place. His compositions were known to

341. the Catholic choirs of Southern German}-
DRESSLER, R.\PH.VEL, born in Gratz, long after his death. Works Numerous :
about 1784, died in Mainz, Feb. 12, 1835. masses 28 vespers 24 hymns Sympho- ; ; ;
While a youth be played the flate extremely nies, offertories, organ sonatas, and other
well, and in 1809 became first flute of the church music. Fetis Mendel. ;
Viemia Kiirnthnerthor Theater. He had the DREYSCHOCK, ALEXANDER, born at

same position in the Hanover royal orches- Zack, Bohemia,
tra in 1817, and lived inEngland as vir- Oct. 15, 1818, died
tuoso and teacher in 1820-34. Works in Vienna, April 1,
about a hundred compositions for the flute, 1869. Pianist, pu-
with and without accompaniment, consisting pil at Prague of
of duets, trios, quartets, concertos, capriccios, Tomaschek. He
variations, and about seventy of became a distin-
studies,
which were published. He was the author guished performer
also of a treatise on the flute, which has of great mechanical
been translated into English, and other ability, and trav-
works.
Mendel ; Fetis. elled professionally
DREUILH, J born in Bor- for twenty years throughout Europe, play-
J ,
deaux in 1773, died at Niort in 1858. Vio- ing principally his own music. In 1862 he
linist, pupil of the free school of the Cathe- became a professor at the Conservatory of
dral of Bordeaux in 1781, studied harmony St. Petersburg, director of the imperial
under Giraud, a pupil of Rameau, and school for theatrical music, and pianist to
counterpoint and fugue under Fran(;ois the emperor, and was at the same time
Beck, who also taught him the violin. In Kapellmeister to the Grand Duke of Hesse-
1790 he succeeded Giraud as maitre de Darmstadt. His health failing, he was sent
cliapelle, and brought out a Te Deum for in 1868 to Italy, where he died. His works,
the Fete de la Federation, the IMS. of which chiefly salon music, consist of 140 piano-
is now owned by the Cathedral. After forte pieces, rondeaux militaires, sonatas,
serving in the army from 1792 to 1794, he nocturnes, songs without words, etc.; a
succeeded Fran(;ois Beck as conductor of string quartet, and a grand ouverture
orchestra at the Grand Theatre, Bordeaux. (Prague). His brother, Raymuud Drey-
Later he became leader of the orchestra in schock (1824-69), was a violinist. Allgem.
the Theatre de la Cite, Paris, and brought d. Biogr., V. 408 Grove Fetis, iii. 59 do., ; ; ;
out there an opera-comique, Le point d'hon- Supplement, i. 281 Mendel Wurzbach, ; ;
eur, in 1802. la 1804 he became chef iii. 382.

d'orchestre of the Grand Theatre at Marseil- DRIEBERG, FRIEDRICH (JOHANN)
and brought out Valaski et Oplu'lie, ou VON, born at Chai-lottenburg, near Berlin,
les,
lepassage de I'hermitage, opera-comicjue. Dec. 20, 1780, died there, May 21, 1856.
He returned to Paris, desirous of composing He left the army in 1804 to study music for
455
;
DEOBI8CII
five yeai-s iu Paris uucler Siôntini, and jsrob- Leijisic, and became organist at St. Peter's
ablj' also uuder Cherubiui. He was amoug iu 1810. He was much sought after as a
the first to take ujj the study of ancient teacher, and composed meritorious works
Greek music, and though Chladni and for the organ and the pianoforte, compris-
Perne disputed his views, Fetis called him ing sonatas, fugues, preludes, etc. Fetis.
a writer of romance instead of history, and DROLLIXG, JEAN iHCHEL, born at
many of his oijiuions have since been Turekheim (Haut-Rhin), in 179G, died in
proved false, he deserves credit for awak- Paris in 1839. Pianist, pupil at the Paris
ening interest in an almost forgotten sub- Conservatoire under Adam for pianoforte,
ject. His last and unpublished opera was and Muhul for comjjosition. Works :
an application of his studies on Greek mu- Themes varies, op. 1, 2 Di tanti palpiti, ;
sic. Works : Don Cocagno, opera, jjer- varie pour piano et violou, op. 3 ; Caprices
formed iu Berlin in 1812 ; Der Sanger und for pianoforte oj). 4 and 14 ; Fantaisies,
der Schneider, opera, Berlin, 1814-26 ; Rondeau pastoral, op.
Al- idem, op. 15 and 20 ;
fons von Castilien, iu !XIS. ; a farce and two 19 Duos for pianoforte for foiu- hands, op. 5
;
comic operas unjKiblished, besides songs and 17 Duos for pianoforte and violin, op.
;
and instrumental 25ieces. Among his and 22 (Paris) etc. He left a Traito
crit- 11, 12, ;
ical writings are, " Auf schliisse fiber die elementaire d'harmouie et de composition,
Musik der Griechen " (Leii^sic, 1819) iu MS. Fetis Mendel. ; ;
" Wiirterbuch der griechischeu Musik" DROUET, LOOS (FRANCOIS PHI-

(Berlin, 1835) and other writings on Greek
; LIPPE), born in Amsterdam in 1792, died
music.
Allgem. d. Biogr., v. 410 'Sleu- ; at Berne, Sept. 30, 1873. Flute player, pu-
del Fotis Riemaun.
; ; pil at the Paris Conservatou'e ;
jslayed there
DROBISCH, KAHh LITDMIG, born in and Opera when only seven years old.
at the
Leipsic, Dec. 24, 1803, died in Augsburg, From 1807 to 1810 he was teacher to King
Aug. 20, 1854. He studied music bj- him- Louis of Holland, and is sujjposed to have
self while at school iu Grimma, and com- helped Queeu Hortense write the French
jjosed a cantata, operetta, and other little national air " Partant j)our la Syrie." Iu
pieces, and studied composition at Leipsic 1811 he was appointed solo flute to Napo-
iu 1821, under J. A. Drobs and Weiulig. leon, and he held the same position to Louis
His first oratorio was performed at a Ge- XVIII. In 1815 he went to London, and
wandhaus concert in 1820, with little suc- appeareti at the Philharmonic in 181G, and
cess. He remained several years in ^Munich, this was the beginning of a long profes-
where he studied in the libraries and was a sional tour through Europe. In 1836-54
friend of Ett. In 1837 he became musical was Kapellmeister at the court of Saxe-
director of the Church of St. Anna in Augs- Coburg, after which he visited America,
burg, but soou gave up the place to de- Works 3 waltzes for two flutes, op. 24 3
:
;
vote himself to composition and teaching. trios for three flutes, op. 38 ; fantasia for
Works Bonifacius, oratorio Eighteen mas-
: ; j)ianoforte and flute, op. 36 ; do., op. 37 ;
ses Six graduals Six offertories

; Three ; ; 10 concertos, variations, duets, etc., com-
litanies Three Requiems Motets, and other
; ; prising more than a hundred and fifty
church music, altogether more than a hun- works. Allgem. d. Biogr., 434 Fetis
v. ;
dred compositions. Allgem. d. Biogi\, v. do., Supjolemeut, 281

i. ; Mendel, iii. 257,
412 FfHis, Gl
; !Mendel Riemann. ; ; Ergi'mz., 92 ; Riemann.
DROBS, JOH.VNN ANDREAS, born near DRUIDS' CHORUS, THE, cantata for
Erfurt in 1784, died at Leipsic, May 4, 1825. male voices, text by Kiunersley Lewis, mu-
Organist, first instructed by his father, then sic by Joseph Parry, first given in Wales,
mainly self-taught ; in 1808 he went to 1888. Subject, the attack by Suetonius
456
; ;
DRUZECUY
Paulinus on the Druids of Mona, who are Several suites for orchestra Concerto for :
surprised at their devotions in the temple pianoforte Douze petites pieces for do. ;
of Keridwen. Chceur et danse des lutins, op. 7 Marche ;
DKUZECHY (Druschetzky), GEOEG, orientale, op. 8 Scherzo, op. 10 Bluette ; ;
born about the middle of the 18th century. pastorale, op. 11 Reverie-prelude, op. 12 ; ;
He was in the service of Count Grassalko- Allegro de bravoure, op. 12 Scherzo et ;
vicz in Presburg- in 1787, and was consid- chorale, op. 18 Divertissement, op. 19 In- ; ;
ered the greatest player on the kettle-drum termezzo, op. 20 ; other pieces for piano-
in his time. "Works Andromeda iiiid Per- forte, and songs.
: Fetis, Supplement, i.
seus, opera-ballet, vmd 283 Riemann.

about 1787 ; lukle ;
Yariko, do. Battle symphony for two or-

;
DUC D'ALBE, LE, French opera, text
chestras Pieces
;
for wind instruments. by Scribe, music by Donizetti, represented
Fotis ; JMendel. at Barcelona, 1882 later produced with ;
DUB.YRROIS, French composer, some eclat in Italy. The libretto, founded

,
lived at the close of the 18th century. He on the life of the famous Duke of Alva, was
wrote the music of two operas-comiques written for Rossini, but was returned to its
:
Lolotte et Fanfan, produced in Paris, Feb. author when that composer determined,
28, 1803, and Les faux parents, ib., Aug. after William Tell, to write no more for the
27, 1803. F6tis, Suppli'nient, i. 282. dramatic stage. The work, written before
DUBOIS, (CLEMENT FRANgOIS) 1840, was never produced during the life
THEODORE, born at Rosuay (Marne), of Donizetti, who transferred some of its
Aug. 2-4, 1837, still living, 1888. Dramatic most effective numbers to later operas,
and instrumental composer, pupil at the among them the celebrated tenor romanza,
Paris Conservatoire of Marmontel on the " Ange si pur," or " Spirto gentil " in its
jjianoforte, of Bazin in harmony and accom- Italian form, now in the fourth act of La
paniment, of Benoist on the organ, and of favorite.
Ambroise Thomas in fugue and composition. DUC D'OLONNE, LE, opera-comique in
He won prizes in 185.5, 185G, 1857, 1858, three acts, text by Scribe and Saintine, mu-
and 1859, and the grand i^rix de Rome in sic by Auber, represented at the Of)era Co-
1861. He sent from Rome a mass and a mique, Paris, Feb. 4, 1842. The libretto is
first overture a second concert overture full of absurdities, but the music is among
;
which was played at a Conservatoire con- the best of Auber's compositions. The
cert in ISGf). Dubois returned to France phrase, " France, O ma patrie !
'
in the
in 18GG, began ieaching, and became maitre second act, is one of his finest inspirations.
de chapelle, first at the church of Sainte- DUC, PHILIPPE DE, Netherlands com-
Clotilde, then at the Madeleine, and in 1871 poser, lived in the second half of the IGth
professor of harmony at the Conservatoire century. He seems to have settled in Italy.
and organist at the Madeleine. "Works "\'\'orks : Madrigali a quattro voci, con una
Operas La fiancee d'Abydos (18G1:) Flor-
: ;
serenata e uu dialogo a otto (Venice, 1570) ;
entin (1867) La guzla de I'l'mir, comic op-

;
Madrigali a cinque et sei voci (ib., 1586) ; II
era, given at the Th(';itre Lyrique, 1873 Le ;

primo libro de' Madrigali, a 4, 5, e 6 voci
jjain bis, do., Opera Comique, 1879 Aben- ;
(ib.,1595); Le "Vergini, a sei voci, con uu
hamet. Opera, 1884 Les sept paroles du
; dialogo a otto nel fine, novamente composti,
Christ, oratorio, Sainte-Clotilde, 1867 Le ; libro primo (Venice. 1574). Fetis Mendel. ;
Paradis perdu, do.. Theatre Lyrique, 1878 ;

DUCASSI Y OJEDA, IGNACIO, born
Deus Abraham, religious chorus with soli in Barcelona, Jan. 18, 1775, died in Madrid
Tu es Petrus, motet Concert overture ; ;
in 1824. Priest and maestro de capilla of the
Symphonic overture Frithjof overture
; ;
Chui-ch of the Incarnation, at Madrid. His
467
DITGHAMBGE
numerous cburcli compositions in the mod- of Erasmus, and an S-joart Agnus Dei, both
ern style consist of masses, psalms, motets, from the Selectissimfe nee non familiaris-
and otlier important works, most of which siniffi cantiones ultra centum (Augsburg,
are for several voices with instrumental ac- 1540) ; Songs in the collection of German
companiment, though several are for voices songs made by Forster and printed by
alone.
Fctis, Supplement, i. 280. Petreius (Nuremberg, 1539-40) motet, ;
DUCHAMBGE (Du Chambge), PAU- Peccantem me c[uotidie, from Cantiones

LINE, born at Martinique, West Indies, in octo vocum, ijrinted by Uhlard (Augsburg,
1778, died in Paris, April 23, 18.58. Pianist, 1545) ; motet, Dum fabricator raundi sup-
pupil of Desormery in a convent in Paris, plicium, from Ehau's Selectee Harmonise
whither she was taken when quite young. . .de Passione Domini (Wittenberg,
.
For many years she entertained friendly rela- 1558) Two 5-part motets, Benedic Domine,
;
tions with several of the most distinguished and Corde et animo, from Kriesstein's Can-
musicians of her time, and as a teacher tiones sex et quinque vocum, etc. (Augsburg,
formed a number of well-known pianists and 1545). Other works by him are in the col-
singers. As a composer she was especially lections cantiouum sacrarum, etc., lib. viii.
popular through her songs, more than (Louvain, 1554-57) Selectissimarum sacra- ;
three hundred of which were iûblished. rum eantionum, etc., lib. iii. (Louvain,
Fetis. 1569) Livre septieme des chansons a
;
DUCIS, BENEDICTUS, probably born in quatre parties accommodees tant aux in-
Bruges about 1480, flourished in the first strumens comme a la voix (Antwerp, 1597).
forty years of the 16th century. Generally Allgem. d. Biog., v. 445 ; Biog. nat. de
styled Benedictus, but must not be con- Belg., vi. 231 ; Fetis; Grove ; Mendel Eie-
;
founded with Benoit cVAppenzell, Swiss maim.

composer of that time, also called Benedic- DLIDENEY, THOMAS JAMES, born in
tus. AValther and Gerber call him Dux, Maytield, Sussex, England, Nov. 29, 1854,
the Archives of Antwerp, Hertoghs. In tlie still living, 1888. Organist, pupil of Sir
registry of the Confraternity of St. Luke George Alexander Macfarren. He is or-
he is spoken of as Prince de la Gilde, or ganist and choir-master of St. James's
chief of the Confraternity, the highest Church, Taunton, and music-master at the
honour to which artists could aspire in the Independent College. As conductor, he has
Netherlands. In the registry of Notre introduced many classical works thi-ough
Dame, Antwerp, he is mentioned as organ- several musical associations with which he
ist of the Chapel of the Virgin. In 1515 he is connected. Works Andante con varia- :
visited England, but little else is known of zioni e fuga Near the town of Taunton ;
his history. lu 1531 he composed a mon- Dean, part-song, and other songs.
ody on the death of Josquin Despres, who DUE FOSCARI, I (The Two Foscari), It-
had taught him composition, and in 1536 an- alian opera in three acts, text by Piave,
other on the death of Erasmus, which proves music by Verdi, first represented at Flor-
him to have been living at those dates. ence, February, 1845 in New York, June ;
Among his compositions are Four-pai-t 9, 184G and in Paris, at the Tlu'atre
: ;
monody on the death of Josquin, in the Italien, Dec. 17, 1846, with Mario and Grisi
7th set of French chansons in 5 and 6 in the principal rules. Scene in Venice, in
lârts (Susato, 1545), a cojjy of which is in the 16th century. Doge Francesco Fos-
the British Museum (for the composition cari, constrained by the Council of Ten, is
itself see Burney's History, ii. 513) songs obliged to subscribe to the capital punish-
;
in former vols, of the same works Elegy ment of his own son, Jacopo Foscari. Die
;
in 5 parts, Plangite Pierides, on the death Foscari, German grand opera in three acts,
458
;
DUE
music by Max Zeuger, represented iu BIu- ton, 1858 L'hotel de la poste, ib,, 18C0
ib., ; ;
uicli, 18C3, treats the same subject. Les valets deGascogue, Theatre Lyrique,
DUE ILLU8TRI lilVALI, I (The Two I860. Fetis, Supplement, i. 285.
Illustrious Eivals), Italian opera bufl'a, text DUGAZON, GUSTAVE, born in Paris in
by Rossi, music by Mercadaute, represented 1782, died there in 182G. Dramatic com-
iu Venice, 1S39. poser, pupil at the Conservatoire, of Berton
DUFAY (Du Fay), GUILLAUME,
born for harmony, and of Gossec for conqMsitiou.
at Cbimay, Belgium, about 1350, died iu He won the 2d grand prix de Rome in
Home iu 1432. He was attached as tenor 1806, taught the pianoforte after leaving
to the Pontifical Chapel from 1380 until the Conservatoire, and published for that
his death. With some of his contempora- instrument. He began composing dra-
ries, he did much to advance the art of matic works in 1800, bringing out a little
counterpoint and to improve the system of opera, Le voisinage, in collaboration with

nnisical notation. His masses are the old- Bertrand and others. He next jjroduced
est written in the contrapuntal style, and he at the Theatre Feydeau, Marguerite de
understood and practised many of the con- Waldemar, 1812, La noce ecossaise, 1814,
trapuntal devices, the discovery of which has and Le chevalier d'iudustrie (with Pra-
commonly been attributed to a later period. dher), 1818, none of which were successful.
Works Ecce ancilla Domini
: L'Omme For the Opera he wrote Les tiauces de
; :
arme Se la face ay pale Taut me deduis, Caserte, ballet (1817); Alfred le grand,
; ;
all masses preserved in the archives of the ballet (1822) Aline, ballet (with Berton),;
Pontifical Chapel, jôrtions having been pub- 1823. His instrumental compositions con-
lished by Kiesewetter De Saint-Antoine, sist of
; 5 melanges d'airs varies en
:
another mass quoted by Tinctor 6 mas- trios, pour piano, violon et violoneeUe
; 5 ;
ses in the Royal Belgian Library Gloria melanges d'airs et nocturnes jjour jiiauo
;
iu the library of Cambrai, witli other jjieces etcor. Fantaisies, melanges d'air.s, preludes
;
attributed to him by Coussemaker manu- and toccatas for jjianoforte Airs varies for
; ;
script motets and French songs from the pianoforte Quadrilles and contredanses for ;
library of Guilbert de Pixorucourt. Fetis

pianoforte Duos for harp and pianoforte
; ; ;
Mendel Biog. nat. de Belgique, vi. 247 and several collections of romances and
;
;
Ambros, ii. 453 Fetis, Hist, de la Musique, nocturnes for two voices. Fetis, iii. 74
;
V. 321 Kiesewetter, Modern Music, 105
; Suijplement, i. 286 Mendel.
; ;
Brendel, Gesch. der Musik, 21 Reissmann, ; DUGUET, DIEUDONNE, born at Liege,

Gesch. der Musik, i. 142. Sept. 22, 1794, died there, April 18, 1849.
DUFORT, CHARLES DE, born at Sens He founded with Henrard and Jaspar, in
(Yonue), Nov. 21, 1803, still living, 1888. 1821, a school of music which did much
Church composer, pujjil of Henri Brod at good work until absorbed in the Conserva-
the Conservatoire, Paris. He has composed toire, established at Liege bj' the government
many masses, graduales, hymns, etc., most in 1827, in which he was then made pro-
of which have been published. Fetis. fessor of solfege. In 1828 he became organ-
DUFRESNE, ALFRED, born about 1822, ist of the Church of Saint-Denis, in 1835
died in Paris, March, 1803. Dramatic com- maitre de chapelle, and in 1837 organist of
poser, pupil at the Paris Conservatoire, un- the cathedral. He was stricken with blind-
der Halevy. He became known first by his ness in 1835, and had to resign his class at
songs, twelve of which were published as the Conservatoire. He did much to culti-

Soirees d'automne (Paris). Works Operas: vate the study of religious music in Liege.
En revenant de Pontoise, given at the His greatest work is a motet, Sanctum et
Bouftes Parisiens, Paris, 185G Maitre Ba- terribile, preserved in MS. in the cathedral.
;
459
;
DUHAUPAS
Published works A Te Deum, a Salve re-: DULCKEN, FERDINAND QUENTIN,
giua and a Homo qiiidam, with full orches- born, of German and French parentage, in
tra 2 Ecce panis
; G Tautum ergo, two London, England, June 1, 1837, still living,
;
Genitori aud three cantatas for solos, chor- 1888, in New York. Pianist, son of Ma-
us, and orchestra 3 Requiems with organ dame Louise (David) Dulcken (1811-1850),
;
accompauiraeut, violoncello, and double- who was a sister of Ferdinand David, the
bass, etc. Solfeges en canons, with Jaspar violinist.
; He studied the j)ianoforte and
and Heurard (1823) Livre d'orgue pour the theory of music at the Leipsic Con-
;
raccompagnenient du plain-chant (1842, 2d servatorium under Mendelssohn, Moscheles,

ed., 1851) de preludes et versets Gade, Riehter, Plaidy, Joachim, aud Haupt-
; Ilecueil
pour I'orgue (1851) Livre de motets et mann, and the organ under Becker after-
; ;
psaumespour les processions Recueil de 34 wards he was a pupil at Cologne of Ferdi-

;
morceaux de musique sacree a 1, 2, 8 et 4 nand Hiller. He was for a time a professor

vols, etc. (1853-1855) Kecueil de 32 mor- in the "Warsaw National Conservatory, Po-
;
ceaux (Qiuvres posthumes, 1859) Re- land, in which country he resided five years.
;
cueil de litanies ii 1, 2 et 3 voix, 2 vols.; He lived in Paris also for four years, and
aud pieces for pianoforte, duos, romances, played in concerts throughout Europe with
melodies, scenes. Biog.
de Belgique, Wieniawski, Vieuxtemj^s, de Kontski, and
nat.
vi. 258 ; Fetis, 286 Mendel, others. In 1876 he went to xlmerica and
Supplement, i. ;
Erganz., 92. travelled there with Essipoti", Remenyi,

DUHAUPAS, ALBERT, born at Arras, Marie Eoze, aud Jose&y. "Works Piano- :
France, April 22, 1832, still living, 1S8S. forte pieces Songs Messe Soleunelle ; ; :
Organist, first instructed by his father, then Wieslaw, opera, played in Poland aud en- ;
by a German artist, Neuland, and at the semble pieces in all about 200 works. ;
Conservatoire, Paris, pupil of INIarmontel DULON, FRIEDRICH LUDWIG, born

having returned to his native city, he be- at Oranieuburg, Prussia, Aug. 14, 1769,
came maitre de chapelle of the cathedral, died in Wiirzburg, July 7, 1826. In the
aud director of the Society des Orpheouistes, first week of his life an unskilful physician
which he succeded in making one of the made him blind. His father taught him
best in France. Works ^Mass for four the flute Angersteiu of Steudal instructed
: ;
male voices 10 motets for two soprani, him in theory, so that he began composing
;
tenor, and bass Other motets and various at the age of nine and he was enough of a
; ;
sacred compositions Pianoforte pieces, pianist early to play Bach's fugues. He

;
choruses, and songs. Fetis, Sujaplement, i. began making concert tours in 1783, ac-
286. companied at first by his father, later by
DUHEM, HIPPOLYTE JEAN, born in his sister, and was heard almost all over
Paris, Dec. 1, 1828, still living, 1888. Trum- Europe. In St. Petersburg he was made
jjet player, pupil at the Brussels Conserva- imperial chamber musician in 1796. His
toire,under Zeiss. In 1846 he took the 1st memory was such that he could remember
prize became solo trumpet at the Theatre
; a new flute concerto after a few hours' hear-
Royal, and served three years in the band ing and in his mature years he had 250
;
of the Guides. After a professional tour concert pieces at his command. He partly
through Europe and America, he returned dictated, partly wrote, with the aid of a
in 1860 to Brussels, where he became pro- movable relief alphabet invented for him, his
fessor at the Conservatoire. He has pub- autobiography, which was published by Wie-
lished in London music for the trumpet and land Dulon's des blinden Flotenspielers
:
cornet-a-pistons. Fetis Mendel. ; Leben und Meinungen von ihm selbst bear-
DU HIER, IRENE See Mienzi. ! beitet (ZiU-ich, 1807-8, 2 vols.). "Works:
m\
;
DU]\IANOIll
Duos aiul variatious for flute and Berg in harmony, and of Baumayr
violin ;
cello, of
Flute caiJi-icidos ;
on
Flute concerto. Allgem.the pianoforte. Admitted to the Con-
d. Biogr. ;Mendel Fotis Scliilling.
; ;
servatoire, he took up the study of the pi-
DUJNLiNOIR. There were several mu- anoforte and composition, and finally took
sicians of this name belonging to the same lessons of
Wijlfl. In 1S05 he brought out
family, who flourished in Paris from IGlo an opera, L'ofiicier cosaque, at the Porte-
to 1G95. Matthieu Du Muuoir was violon- Saint-Martiu, which was not successful. He
iste de la chambre du roi, under Louis XIII.
returned to Strasburg shortly after this,
his son, or nephew, Claude, and the most and became
professor of the pianoforte, but
remarkable, succeeded Louis Coustantiu as in 1809 went to live in Lyons. His com-
roi des violons de Paris and maitre des piositions, though elegant and pure in style,
mcnestriers. royal ordinance granting are now nearly forgotten.

The Works 33 so- :
this is dated Nov. 20, 1657, and is regis- natas for pianoforte, op. 1, 3, 5, 19, 21, 26,
tered in the Parlement, Jan. 21, 1G.58. He 28, 30, 32 24 sonatas for pianoforte with ;
This pecu- violin or flute, op. 4, 13, 15, 20, 23, 24 2

was also first violin to the king.
;
trios for pianoforto, violin and bass, op. 29,

liar sovereignty had been established in
1331, and the right confirmed by Charles 34 2 concertos for pianoforte, op. 12, 33
; ;
VI., in an ordinance dated April 21, 1107. besides airs varies, pots-pourris, etc., a sym-
for oboe and bas-
Guillaume Du Manoir, born Nov. 1(5, 1613, phonic concertante
flute,
also son of Matthieu, was the author of Le soon, aud a concerto for horn. Fctis ;
mariage de la musique avee la danse. Mendel.

Guillaume Michel Dumanoir II., sou of DUMONT, HENRI, born at Villers-FE-
Guillaume, became roi des violons (1G90), vcque, near Liege, in 1610, died in Paris,
aud organist studied
and also first violin to the king he abdi- May 8, 1684. Priest
;
;
music as a chorister in the College of Sidnt-

cated, signing his resignation before a no-
tary public, Dec. 1, 1695. Fetis, iii. 76 Servais, Maestricht, ;
and afterwards at the
Supplement, 287 Mendel. music school of Liege. About 1G30 he

do., i. ;
DU MOLIN (Dumoliu), went to Paris to begin his musical career,

JEAN EEMI,
Netherlands musician, born iu the last years but no record is found of
him until 1639,
of the 15th century. He was organist of the when he is mentioned as organist of the
church of Saint-Jean, Mechlin, a position church of Saint- Paul. He was the first to
held 1528. His name introduce into France the basso coutinuo.
which he still in is
sometimes spelled Du Moulin in the collec- Louis XIV. made him one of his maistres
tions of the 16th century. His works are de musique, the others being Robert, Spirli,
found in Motetti del Fiore a quattro, hb. and Gobert, and at the death of the last
1, 2, 3, 4 (Jacques Moderne, Lyons,
1532- two he and Robert became full maitres de
1539). His motet, In Domino confido, for chapelle to the king. He held a like posi-
four voices, is iu the third book of that col- tion in the queen's household, and was
His motets for five voices are in made Abbe de Silly at her request. His
lection.
Motettorum, 5 vols. (Jacobo Moderno, Lug- works are now very rare. Those still in
duni, 1532-1512). Attaignant's Missarum use are Five grand masses in plain-chant,:
dominicalium, quatuor voc, second book called Messes royales, still sung on great
contains two of his Masses. Biog. occasions in France. Other works IMes- :
(1534)
274 Fetis Mendel. langes a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 parties, avec la basse
nat. de Belg., vi. ; ;
DUMONCHAU, CHARLES FRANCOIS, continue, contenaut plusieurs chansons,

born in Strasburg, April 11, 1775, died in motets. Magnificat, preludes et allemandes
Lyons, Dec. 21, 1820. Pianist, pupil of his pour I'orgue et pour les violes, liv. 1. (Paris,
father Joseph Dumouchau, on the violon- 1549) Meslanges, etc., lib. 2 (1657) Can-
;
;
D' UN
tica Sacra, 2, 3, 4 voc, etc., lib. 1 (1GG2) of James C. D. Parker and Franz Petersi-
;
Motets a deux voix avec la basse continue lea and in composition of J. K. Paine and;
(16G8) Motets a 2, 3, et 4 parties pour Stephen A. Emery.

; He was graduated iu
voix et instruments, avec basse continue 1873 at the New England Conservatory of
(1681) Motets pour la chapelle du roi, etc. Music, Boston, and in 1875 from the Boston
;
(1G86). The following are in a collection University College of Music was organist ;
iu 4 vols., by Ballard 1, Motets a deux and choir-master of the Porter Congrega-

:
chcEurs, seize parties 2, Motet de TEter- tional Church, Brockton, Mass., 1870-78
; ;
uite a voix seule avec basse continue 3, and conductor of the Gounod Club in that
;
Motet d'elevation a deux parties avec basse city. In 1878 he was appointed instructor
continue 4, Les airs et basse continue de of organ and pianoforte at the New England
;
Du Mout. Psaumes, cantiques, et motets Conservatory, and professor of organ at

a 4 voix avec basse continue, are in the the Boston University College of Music ;
MS. collection by Pbilidor (1G97), preserved both of which positions he still holds. In
iu the Conservatoire, Paris. Cinq messes 1879-80-81 he gave a series of thirteen
Eoyales, 5th ed. (1711) a sixth mass, called concerts, on the great organ in Boston
;
Messe Papale (1G90), found by Maurice Ar- Music Hall. Since 1880 he has been organ-
daut, of Limoges, in an old MS.
Biog. ist of the Ruggles Street Baptist Church,
nat. de Belg., vi. 302 Fetis Mendel.
; Boston.
; Works 3 books of Hymn Music, :
D' UN ALMA TKOPPO PERVIDA. See 1877 Cappriccio brillaute for the piano- ;
PoliiUo. forte, 1877 anthem, O Tell me Thou Life, ;
DUN, FINLAY, born in Aberdeen, Scot- 1877 2 Andantes for the organ, in A-flat ;
land, Feb. 24, 1795, diediu Edinburgh, Nov. and E-tiat, 1879 Exercises in Pedal Play- ;
28, 1853. Violinist and singing teacher, pu- ing, 1885 and other organ music. ;
pil of Baillot and Mirecki. Works Two DUNI, EGIDIO E0:M0ALD0, born at
:
symi^houies for full orchestra (MS.) The Matera, near Otranto, Naples, Feb. 9, 1709,
;
Parted Spirit, glee (prize at Manchester, died in Paris, June 11, 1775. Dramatic
1831) She is coming, trio anthems, psalms, composer, pupil at the Conservatorio dei
; ;
hymns, etc. He edited,

with John Thomson, poveri di Gesii Christo, Naples, then under
" The Vocal Melodies of Scotland " with J. the direction of Durante. He went to Rome
;
F. Graham " Wood's Songs of Scotland " in 1735, commissioned to write the opera
;
and other collections. of Nerone, in comf)etition with Pergolesi,

DUN COMBE, WILLLIM DUNCAN who was then composing his Olimpiade ;
VAN DER HORST, born at Siou An- he won the prize, but had the modesty to
Hill,
tigua, July G, 1832, still living, 1888. Bass acknowledge the superiority of Pergolesi's
singer, bassoonist, and vocal composer. As- work. Sent on a secret mission from Rome
sistant vicar in Hereford Cathedral, minor to Vienna, he brought out there some of
canon and custos of the College of Vicars his compositions, and on his return to
choral, Hereford. Composer of the madri- Naples was made maestro di cajjpella at
gal "In the Merry Spring," of a few carols San Nicola di Bari. After short visits to
and two songs, and of the dirge iu " Much Venice and Paris, he went in 1744 to Lon-
Ado about Nothing," Pardon, Goddess of don, where he comjôsed several works, but
the Night, which is in MS. suffering from a chronic disease, was ad-
DUNHAM, HENRY MORTON, born of vised to consult the famous Boerhaave, iu
American parentage in Brockton, Massa- Holland. On his return he visited Milan
chusetts, July 27, 1853, still living, 1888. and Genoa, and was made music instructor
Organist, pupil on the organ of George E. to the daughter of the Infante of Parma in
Whiting and J. K. Paine, on the pianoforte 1746 French manners and customs prevail- ;
DUMECKI
ing at that court, he was iiKluced to com- and Wciulis', ami became chamber musician \
pose some Freuch operas, the great success to the Elector of Saxony in 1788. "W orks 3 :
of which led to his cantatas, Der Friihling, Das Lob Gottes,
removal to Paris and Das Lob der Tonkuust Die Eugel ;
/ music
in 1757, where he am Kreuze Jesu, oratoi-io for the ;
wrote the music drama Kein Faustrec-ht mehr, performed

for eighteen other in Weimar in 1798 ; Symphonie.s, trios,
operas - comiques, quartets, quintets, concertos, and songs.

which were
V Mendel Ft'tis.
all of ;
successful, and DUNNE, JOHN, born in York, England,

some of which be- 'Cm in 183-1, died at Aston, near Dubhn, Ire-
came famous. He .:/^' land,June 7, 1883. He was chorister in
may be considered Worcester Cathedral in 1850, in Cashel Ca-
as the real founder of the opura-comique thedral, Ireland, in 1854, and was a mem-
in France. Works
Italian Operas Nerone, ber of Christ Church, St. Patrick's Cathe- :
given in Rome, 1735 ; Artaserse, Naples, dral, and Trinity College choirs, Dublin.
about 1737 ;
Ipermnestra Mus. Bac, Dublin, 18G6 Mus. Doc, ib.,
Bajazette ; Giro ; ;
;
Demofoonte Alessandro Adriano Catone 1870.

;
Works Myra, cantata for full ; ;
:
in Utica Didone Demetrio OHmpiade chorus and orchestra The Hanging of the
; ; ; ;
;
Tordinona. Freuch operas-comiques Ni- Crane, cantata (Longfellow) Church ser- :

;
nette a la cour, Parma, 1755 Le peintre vices and anthems Glees, songs, etc.
;
;
amoureuxde son modMe, Paris, Tht'atre dela DU SEUL AMI FIDIJLE. PAmÊ
Foire Saint-Laurent, 1757 Nina et Liudor, See Muctle de Portici. ;
ou les caprices ducoeur, ib., 1758 Le doc- DUPONCHEL, Le Pore JACQUES, ;
teur Sangrado (with Laruette), Ojx'ra Co- born at Douai in the first half of the 17th
mique, 1758 La title nial gardce, Coincdie century. Cordelier monk, organist to Car-
;
Italienne, 1758 L'ile des fous, ib., 17G0

;
dinal Bichi, Rome. Works Psalmi Vesper- ;
:
Mazet, ib., 17G1 La veuve indecise, Foire tuii cum litaniis B. M. V., 3 voc. (Rome,
;
Saint-Laurent, 1759 La bonne fille Le 1G65) Sacrse cantiones 2, 3, 4 voc. cum

; ; ;
retour au village, 17G2 La jjlaideuse et le litaniis B. M. v., op 2 (Bologna, 1G71)

; ;
;
proces, Comcdie Italienne, 17G2 Le mili- Messe a 3, 4, 5 voci concertate con violini ;
cien, Versailles, 17G2 Comedie Italienne, e ripieni a bene plaeito, op. 3 (Rome, 1G76).
;
1763 Les chasseurs et la laitiere, Le

; Fetis.
rendez-vous, Locole de la jeu-
ib., DUPONT, AUGUSTE, born
17G3 ;
at Eusival,
nesse, La fee Urgele, ib., 1765; La clo- near Liege, Feb. 9,

chette, ib., 1766 Les nioissonneurs, Les 1828, still livhig,
;
sabots, ib., 1768 Themire, ib., 1770. Cle- 1888. Pianist, pupil
;
ment, ]Mus. CL'U'bres, 79 Fetis Mendel at the Liege Conser- ; ; ;
Schilling. vatoire from 1840 to

DUNIECia, Le Chevalier STANISLAS, 1844 studied also ;
Polish dramatic composer contemporary. under Jalheau, for- ;
Works Pakusa, opera, text by his brother, mer pupil of Jacques

:
given at Cracow, April, 1866 Der Teufel Herz and Knlkbreu- ;
ist los, Berlin, 18GG ; Lucifer, Theater an ner. After successful

der Wein, Vienna, 1868. Fetis, Supple- professional tours
ment, i. 288. through Europe, he became in 1852 pro-
DUNKEL, FR.iNZ, born in Dresden in fessor of the pianoforte at the Brussels Con-
1769, died (?). He studied under his father 1
servatoire. Works : Variations sur un air
463
:
DUPONT
populaire Liegeois (1846) fitude de trilles ; violinist, pupil at the Conservatorium, Leip-
(1848) Concerto en l':i miueur jjour j)iMio
; sic, Mendelssohn in comisositiou, and of
of
et oi'chestre (1850)Six contes du foyer, en
; Ferdinand David on the violin. On his re-
morceaux separus pour piano (1852) Trois ; turn to Holland he brought out successfully
cabiers de reminiscences pastorales pom- several choral and orchestral works, then
piano (1853) Etude fantasticpie a 5 temps
; settled in Hamburg (1854), was Kapell-
(1854) Sonate pour piano et violou (Leip-
; meister of the theatre at Liuz in 1856, and
sic);Lamento, jjoesie elegiaque pour piano ; at Nuremberg in 1858-74. There and at
Le tremolo staccato (Bonn) ; Grand galop Warsaw and Moscow he acquired reputation
fantastique, dedie :i Meyerbeer ; Fautaisie as au excellent conductor. Most of his
pour j)iano et orchestre, op.21 (Paris) Le ; works remain in manuscript, owing prob-
mouvement perpetual, op. 24 Grand trio ; ably to their great length. His grand opera
pour piano, -yiolon et violoncelle, op. 29 ;
in three acts, Bianca Siffredi, text by L.
Marclie et scene druidique, op. 30 Grand ; Hoffmann, was given with success at Linz,
concerto symijlionie pour piano et orchestre, Nov. 23, 1855. Mendel
played at a concert in 1857, and at the Con- DUPONT, JOSEPH, born in Liege, Aug.
servatoire in 1858 La danse des Alniues, 21, 1821, died there, Feb. 13, 1861.
; Vio-
op. 25 Tocatelle, op. 26 Trois dauses dans linist, jjupil of his father, a distinguished
; ;
le style ancien, Gavotte, Sarabaude, Bourree, amateur, and at the Liege Conservatoire,
op. 37 Fantaisie et fugue pour la main where he studied under Antoine Wânson
;
droite seule, op. 41 Roman en dis images, and Frau(,'ois Prume.

; He became professor
op. 48, etc.
Fetis, iii. 81 do., Supplement, of the violin at the Conservatoire when
;
i. 290 Mendel Eiemann.

; ; seventeen years old. His opera-comique,
DUPONT, HENEI DENIS, born in Eibeiro Pinto, was played at the Cercle
Liege in 1660, died there, Sept. 1, 1727. Artistique, Liege, in 1858, by members of
Organist, chorister in the cathedral of Saint- the Choral Society La Legia. Works
Lambert, where he was pupil of canon Credo, Kyi'ie, Agnus Dei, quartet, and
Pietkin and of his colleague Pierre Lanialle. quintet for string instruments ; Symphonic
He received organ lessons also from Guil- andante Two fantaisies for violin Three
; ;
laume Deleshay, and became organist of the Etudes and a Romance sans paroles for
Cathedral in 1685, and maitre de chajselle in violin 8 Etudes for violin with accompani-
;
1703. He was also canon of the Cathedral, ment of a second violin Ave Maria Stella ;
and made a famous collection of musical for two voices Ave JMaris for a single
;
works. Works Repons en contrepoint

: voice ; Tantum ergo for a single voice ; 8
pour les isrincijiales fetes de I'anuee Gran- ; Litanies for a bass voice. Fetis, Supple-
des Antiennes O pour I'Avent Several ; ment, i. 289 ; Riemann.
messes solenneUes, with orchestra Several ; DUPONT, JOSEPH, the younger, born
motets, with orchestra Messes des Morts, ; at Eusival, near Liege, Jan. 3, 1838, died
with orchestra Te Deum pro Turcorum
; at Haarlem, June 26, 1867. Violinist, pu-
destructione, with orchestra, performed at pil at the Brussels Conservatoii-e, where he
the Liege Cathedral to celebi'ate the victory gained the 1st prize for violin in 1862, and
of Prince Eugene over the Turks (1717). the 1st prize for composition in 1863. He
Of all these works only several of the was professor of harmony in the Conserva-
Ri'pons and Antiennes are extant. Biog. toire. Wôrks Symphonies, overtures, can-
:
nat. de Belg., i. 315. tatas, pianoforte music, songs, etc.

DUPONT, JEAN FEANrOIS, born in DUPONT, PIERRE, born at Rochetaillce,
Rotterdam in 1822, died at Nuremberg, near Lyons, April 23, 1821, died at Saints
March 21, 1875. Dramatic composer and fitienne, July 25, 1870. Poet and musician.
464
;
DUPORT
whose reputation was made liy his rustic 1782. After the breaking out of the French
and political songs, which were sung Revolution, he went to Prussia to join his
throughout France. The son of a poor la- brother and became court musician for sev-
borer, he received very little education. enteen years. He returned to Paris after
His poetical taste was fostered by the ac- the Prussian war to find himself unknown,
quaintance of Pierre Lebrun, author of became musician to Charles IV., ex-King of
Marie Stuart, who read Dupont's first ef- Spain, at Marseilles, and when that Prince
fort, Les deux anges, which was afterwards went to Rome in 1812, returned to Paris
awarded a prize by the Acadcmie Frau<;aise and was thenceforward the leading French
(1842). Dupont went to Paris in 1839, and violoncellist. He was chamber musician
held a position under the Academie, and to the Empress Marie Louise, violoncellist
in IS-tG began writing songs such as Les in the Imperial Chapel, professor at the
bceufs, La vigne, La mfere Jeanne, etc. His Conservatoire until its suppression in 181.5,
iii'st poems were published in the collection and musician to Louis XVIH. Works Six :
entitled " Les Paysans, chants rustiques,"

: concertos Four works of sonatas with ac-
;
brought out under the care of Tlu'ophile companying bass Three duos for two vio-
;
Gautier. His songs, Les sapins, Le mois loncellos; Eight airs varies with orchestra
de mai. La chanson des foins, which may or quartet Two airs varies for violin and
;
be called pastoral symphonies, succeeded violoncello (with Jarnowick) ; Romance with

these and were followed by his political pianoforte accompaniment Nine nocturnes ;
songs, which sometimes awoke such enthu- for harp) and violoncello (with Bochsa)
siasm when sung at mass meetings, that Fantaisies for violin and jjianoforte. His
they were suppressed by the police. Among Essai sur le doigter du violoncello et la con-
these are Le pain, one of his most fa-
:
duite de I'archet, avec une suite d'exercices
mous Le chant des ouvriers Chanson de
; ;
(Paris), is a fundamental work for the study
la sole, Chant du transporte, Les adieus ! of the violoncello. Fetis

Mendel Rie- ; ;
de Kossuth, La nouvelle alliance. At the maun Biog. gen., iv. 354 Larousse Grove.
; ; ;
time of the Coup d'Etat, 1851, he was con- .

DUPORT, (JEAN) PIERRE, called Du-
demned to exile, but pardoned in the first port aine, born in Paris, Nov. 27, 1741, died
days of the Empire. He never wrote after- in Berlin, Dec. 31, 1818. Violoncellist, pu-
wards, however, with the same freedom, and pil of Berthaut, who considered him his
his later songs were unsuccessful. In com- heard at the

best scholar. He was first
posing he was aided by Keyer, who noted Concerts Spirituels in 1761, was musician to
down the airs which the poet sang to his the Prince de Conti until 1769 and after ;
own poems, and which he was not musician visiting England and Spain, went in 1773
enough to write. His works have been col- to Berlin as first violoncellist of the Royal
lected in an edition published in four vol- Chapel of Frederick H. of Prussia. He was

;
umes with notes by Baudelaire and Eeyer superintendent of the court concerts from
(Paris, 1854). Ft'tis, Supplement, i. 289 1787 to 1806. ;
Works 3 duos for two :
Larousse, vi. 1413 Mendel, iii. 277 Eie- violoncellos, op. 1 (Paris)
; ;
6 sonatas for ;
mann, 229. violoncello and bass (Amsterdam, Berlin,

DUPORT, (JEAN) LOUIS, born in Paris, 1788). Fctis Larousse Grove Mendel. ; ; ;
Oct. 4, 1749, died there, Sept. 7, 1819. Vio- DUPRATO, JULES LAURENT (ANA-
loncellist, brother and pupil of Jean Pierre CHARSIS), born at Nimes, Aug. 20, 1827,
Duport, whom he surpassed. He was first still living, 1888. Dramatic composer, pu-
heard at the Concerts Spirituels and the pil at the Conservatoire, Paris, of Leborue,
Societe Olympique, but his style w-as much won the grand prix in 1848 with his cantata
improved after the coming of Viotti, in Damocles, and having silent two years in
<5
;; ;
DUPEEZ
Rome, and trav- Theatre de Versailles Jelyotte
visited other cities of Italy, Samson, ; ;
elled in Germany. In 1866 he became grand opera Amelina Zephora, grand ; ;
I^rofessor of harmony at the Conservatoire. opera Sariotti, grand opera La pazza; ;

Works Operas-coniiques: Les trovatelles, 1 della regina Le jugemeut dernier, ora- ;
act, given at the Opera Comique, 1854 torio, Cirque des Champs-Elysees, 1868
Paquerette, do., ib., 18.56 M'sieu Landry, two masses
; romances, chamber music, ;
Bouft'es Parisiens, 1856 Salvator Rosa, 3 etc.

; L'Art du chant (Paris, 1846) La Me-
; ;
acts, Opera Comique, 1861 La deesse et lodie, etudes complementaires vocales et

;
le berger, 2 acts, ib., 1863 Le baron de dramatiques de I'Art du chant. Fetis do.,
; ;
Groschaminet, 1 act, Sacripaut, 2 acts, Supplement, i. 292 Grove Mendel Rie- ; ; ;
Fantaisies Parisieuues, 1866 Le chauteur mann. ;
florentin, lyric scene, ib., 1866 La fiancee DUPUIS, JACQUES, born in Liege,
;
de Corinthe, 1 act, Ojiera, 1867 La tour Oct. 21, 1830, died there, June 20, 1870.
;
du chien vert, 3 acts, Folies Dramatiques, Violinist, pupil at the Liege Conserva-
1871 Le cerisier, 1 act. Opera Comique, toire, from 1839
; studied solfege under ;
1874 La reine Mozab, operetta, not Lignac, the pianoforte under Ledent the
; ;
given Uue promenade de Marie Therese, violin under Joseph Dupout and Prume
; ;
do. Marie Stuart au chateau de Lochleven, and composition under Daussoigne-Mehul.

;
do. ;Gazouillette, opera-comique, do. 3 He won 1st prize for solfi'ge, in 1841
; 2d ;
cantatas, Ojiera Comique, 1859, 1861, Ojiera, prize for violin, in 1842 1st prize for vio- ;
1864 Cantata for the inauguration of the lin and 2d for pianoforte, 1847 and 1st
; ;
Ath^nee Musical, 1864 3 choruses for equal prize for pianoforte, 1848. In 1850 he be-
;
voices vocal melodies.;

Ft'tis do., Sujjjjle- came professor of the violin in the Con-
;
ment. servatoire. He has j^layed at the popular

DUPREZ, GILBERT LOUIS, born in concerts of Paris and Brussels, at the Fe-
Paris, Dec. 6, 1806, stQl living, 1888. Dra- lix Meritis of Amsterdam, and concerts at
matic composer, joupil of Choron at the Aix-la-Chapelle. Works 2 concertos for :
Paris Conservatoire. He sang in public violin Sonatas, fantaisies et morceaux de ;
for the first time in Athalie, at the Theatre genre for pianoforte and violin. Many of
Frauyais, in 1820 made his debut as a his works remain uiqDublished. Fetis, Sui>
;
tenor at the Odeon, in 1825, as Almaviva plemont, i. 294 Mendel. ;
went to Italy in 1828, and sang in NajDles DUPULS, THOMAS SANDERS, born in
and other cities. He became very popular, England of French parents in 1733, died in
and took his place at the head of French London, June 7, 1796. Organist, choris-
dramatic singers of his time. In 1836, on ter of the Chapel Royal under Bernard
his return to France, he became first tenor Gates, and pujiil of John Travers, organist
at the Opera, where he sang twelve years, of the Chajjel Royal. He was appointed
creating many important roles. From organist of that chapel on the death of Dr.
1842 he was professor of lyrical decla- Boyce, in 1779 Mus. Bac. and Mus. Doc, ;
mation at the Conservatoire, but resigned Oxford, June 26, 1790. He published sev-
in 1850, and founded I'Ecole Spociale du eral sonatas and concertos for pianoforte,
Chant, which during the war of 1870 was organ pieces, chants, anthems, and glees.
removed to Brussels. Works L'abime de After his death a selection of his cathedral
:
la maladetta, .loanita, given at Brussels, music was j^nblished bj' John Spencer, one
1851 La lettre au Bon Dieu, Paris, Ope- of his i)uj)ils. Grove llarmonicon, 1833,
; ;
ra Comique, 1853 Jeanne D'Arc, grand 141.

;
opera, ib., Grand Theatre Parisien, 1865 DUPUY, JEAN B.\PTISTE EDOUARD ;
La cabane du pccheur, opera-comique, LOUIS CAmLLE, born at Corselles, near

DURANTE
NeufcliAtel, in iu Stocldiolin, and studied singing five years under Pi-
1775, died
April 3,Diamatic composer, pupil toni, and strict counterpoint under Bernar-
1822.
in Paris of Cluibran on the violin and of do Pasquiiii but this is doubtful. In 1718 ;
Dussek on the pianoforte at the age of he became the head of S. Ouofrio, and in
;
sixteen lie became Conzertnieister to Prince 1742 succeeded Porpora at the Couserva-
Henry of Prussia, at Illieinsberg, and four torio Santa Maria di Loreto, at Naples,
years later went to Berlin, where he stud- which post he held until his death. Du-
ied harmony under Fasch. He afterwards rante and Leo have been called the founders
travelled through Germany and a part of of the Neapolitan school, but they should
Poland, giving concerts iu all the larger rather be called two of its most shining
cities towards the end of 1793 he arrived at lights, as their i^redecessor Scarlatti must
;
Stockholm and was engaged as singer at the be looked upon as the real founder. Du-
Opera, and second conductor of the court rante wrote almost exclusively for the
concerts he left for Coiêuhagen, iu 1799, church, and never for the stage.
; If some-
to enter upou a similar eugagemeut there, what lacking in invention, he was a com-
and at the time of the English expedition plete master of style his manner is vigor- ;
against Copenhagen, under Nelson, lie en- ous, grand, and often exceedingly brilliant.
listed iu 1801 in a corps of volunteers or- He was esjjecially noted for Ids skill as a
ganized for the defence of the city during teacher, and he produced probably more
;
the bombardment of 1807 he distiuguished famous pupils than any other one man. Of
himself by his bravery, and was promoted these Pergolesi, Duiii, Traetta, Vinci, Ter-
to the grade of lieutenant. In 1809-10 he radeglias, Jommelli, Piccinni, Sacchini, Gu-
was in Paris, and after his return lived first glielmi, Paisiello, aud others may be said to
at Schoeuen, then at Stockholm, where he have almost monopolized the l_yric stage
was ajjpointed professor and Kapellmeister iu Europe during the last half of the
to the court iu 1812. Works Bjorn Jarii- 18tli ceuturj'.
: Few of Durante's works
sida, Swedish opera, given at Stockholm, have been published. The library of the
1822 Felicie, ib., about 1824 Une folie Paris Conservatoire has a rich collection of
; ; ;
Funeral service for King Charles XIII.; his MSS., and a few important works are
Duos for violins Concerto for flute Polo- in the Vienna library. The collections of
; ;
naise for two violins, guitar, and bass Qua- Schlesinger, Rochlitz, Commer, and the
;
drilles, waltzes, and ecossaises, for piano- Fitzwilliam Music contain separate pieces
forte Marches for military baud, etc. of his the great Magnificat, with addi-
; ;
Fetis. tional accompaniments by Robert Franz, is

DURANTE, FRANCESCO
born published by Ivarmrodt, iu Halle. Works :
Frattamagg lore, 11 masses for four to nine voices Credo ;
March 15,
Naples, for four voices ; do. for five voices ; IG
1684, died in psalms for one to eight voices; G anthems;
Naples, Aug. 13, 3 hymns 13 motets Te Deum for five
; ;
1755. As a boy voices ; 5 litanies ; Dopo sentiro, cantata

he entered the for contralto ; 12 madrigals ; 11 solfeggi
Couservatorio dei for two voices G sonatas. The Vienna li-
;
Poveri di Gesfi brary possesses also his Lamentations of

Cristo, and, later, Jeremiah, a so-called pastoral mass, aud
that of S. Onofrio, other compositions iu MS. Clement, Mus.
where he studied celebres, 58 ; Fctis ; Mendel ; Schilling.
under Alessandro Scarlatti. Some accounts DURCH DIE WALDER, DURCH DIE
have it that he afterwards went to Rome, AUEN. See FreischiUz, Der.
407
;
DUEGH
DIIECH INIITLEID WISSEND.
See he accomj)anied to Italy. At Mortara he
Parsifal. obtained a position as organist and musi-
DtJRRNER, JULIUS (RUPPEECHT), cal director, afterwards became accompa-
born at Ausbacli, July 15, 1810, died at nist at the Teatro San Benedetto, Venice,
Edinburgh, June 10, 1859. Vocal comjjoser, then at La Scala, Milan, whence he went
pupil of Eriedricli Sehueider at Dessau be- to Laibach, Carniola, in 1790, as organ-
;
came cantor at the Stadtkirche in his native ist at the cathedral. In 1808 he became
city in 1831, and went to Leipsic in 1812 Kapellmeister of an Austrian regiment of
to comijlete bis studies under Mendelssohn infantry, stationed at Venice. Works Op-
and Hauptmann two years later he ac-
; eras : La cafl'etiera di spirito, given in Mil-
cepted a call to Edinburgh, where he was an, 1780; La feudataria, about 1780 ; L'im-
much esteemed as a vocal teacher and mu- postore, about 1785 ; Voglia di dote e nou
sical director. Of his compositions those for about 1795 II trombetta
di moglie, Milan, ; ;
male chorus are especially popular. Mendel. Matrimonio e divorzio in uu sol giorno ;
DU SANG, DU SANG. See ProjMlc. Roma salvata, ojiera seria ; II fortunato suc-
DUSCHEK (Dusek), FRANZ, born at cesso ; L' iucantesimo senza magia ; La
Choteboi'ky, Bohemia, Dec. 8, 1736, died in fei'ita mortale ; L' ombra, ossia il ravvedi-
Prague, Feb. 12, 1799. Pianist, educated niento, farce, Venice, 1815 ; Gerusalemme
in the Jesuits' Seminarj', Koniggriitz, under distrutta, oratorio; Trio for flutes; Sonata
the patronage of Count von Spork but for pianoforte and violin ;Concertos for ;
being crijjpled by a fall, he devoted himself violin and jiianoforte Church music, can- ;
entirely to music and studied at Vienna zonets, etc. Fetis Mendel Dlabacz.
; ; ;
under Wageuseil. He settled in Prague, DUSSEK (Dusek), JOHANN JOSEPH,

where he was one and born at Wlazowicz, Bohemia, in 1739, died
of the best players
teachers of the pianoforte until his death. in 1811. Taught music in Langenau and
Among his pupils were Maschek, Kozeluch, Chumecz, and was organist and choir-master
Witasek, and his wife Josephine. Mozart, at Czaslau until three years before his death.
who was his friend, j)ut the last touches to He was the father of Johann Ludwig and
Don Giovanni at his villa. Works Several Franz Benedikt Dussek. Works: Masses,
:
sonatas Die Seeschlacht uud giinzliche litanies, pianoforte sonatas, organ fugues
;
Niederlage der grossen holliindischen Flotte and toccatas, all in manuscrij^t. Mendel
dureh den General Duncan, den 2. Oct., 1797, Fetis Wurzbach. ;
charaktei'istische Sonate fiir das rortej)iano DUSSEK (Dusek), JOHANN LUDWIG

(Vienna, 1799) ; xxv. Lieder fiir Kinder von (Ladislaw), born
Spielmanu (Prague, 1792), written partly at Czaslau, Bohe-
with Maschek Pianoforte concerto Many
; ; mia, Feb. 9, 1761,
other compositions in manuscript. Wurz- died at Sain t-
bach ; MendelGrove Dlabacz.
; Fotis ; ; Germainen-Laye,
DUSSEK, Dusek) FRANZ
(originally March 20, 1812.
(BENEDIKT), born at Czaslau, Bohemia, The name was
March 22, 1765, died (in Italy?) after variously sjselled,
1816. Dramatic composer, son and pupil Dussik, Duschek,
of Johann Josef Dussek, whose place he Dussek ; Johann
often supplied at the organ ; he jslayed wrote it in the
well also on the violin, the violoncello, last form, but
and the pianoforte. Being sent to Prague pronounced it Duschek. He was the eldest
to complete his studies, he entered the of three children (his brother Franz Bene-
service of the Countess von Liltzow, whom dikt, and his sister Veronika Rosalia, were
|
468
DUSSEK
both distiiignislied iu music) ; bis fatber, law, Domeuico Corri but, owing to Dus- ;
Jobaim Joseph was organist aud

Diissek, sek's shiftlessness aud want of business
the leading teacher iu Czaslau, aud began knowledge, the enterprise was a total failure,
to teach his sou the jaianoforte iu 1766, and Dussek being even forced to leave Loudon
the organ iu 1770. Johanu was soon en- secretly in 1800 to escajje creditors, and to
gaged as soprano at the Miuorite church go to Hamburg. In 1802 he gave a concert
iu Iglau, where he entered the Jesuit colin Prague, and paid a visit to his father at
lege, and kept up his studies in music under Czaslau. Iu 1803 he met Prince Louis
Father Ladislaw Speuar, continuiug them Ferdinand of Prussia iu Magdeburg. He
for two years at Kutteuberg, after being ap- continued living with the iirince iu Berlin
pointed organist at the Jesuit church there. on terms of aft'ectionate intimacy until
Thence lie went to Prague, where he took the latter's death, iu 1806, on tlie tield of
the degree of blaster of Philosophy. He Saalfeld. Dussek's Elcgie harmonique,
wished to enter the Cistercian order, but op. 61,one of his best works, was inspired
was refused admission because of his youth. by the death of his friend (see Leipziger
Count Miiuuer, an Austrian artillery officer, Musik Zeitung, 1807, 741 Rellstab, Erin- ;
took him to Mechlin, where he was for some nerungen Spohr, Selbstbiographie,
; 85, i.
time organist at the church of Saiut-Kom- 94.) He next entered the service of Prince
baut, and gave pianoforte lessons. He von Isenburg, and theu of Talleyrand,
next went to Berg-op-Zoom, where he was Prince of Beueveuto, with whom he re-
organist at one of the princijial churches. turned to Paris iu 1807. He remained
This was his last engagement as organist. living with him until his death, enjoj-ing
He soon went, however, to Amsterdam, almost complete leisure and an exception-
where his brilliant reputation as pianist ally brilliant reputation. Although Dus-
and composer began to establish itself ;
sek's compositions have now passed into al-
then he jjassed a j-ear at The Hague, where most complete oblivion, the place he occu-
he gave much time to composition. In pied iu musical history was an important
1783 he moved to Hamburg, where he stud- one. In the history of the development of
ied uuder Philipp Emanuel Bach, with the pianoforte playing he stands, as it were,
best results. In 1781 he was in Berlin, between Clementi and Hummel. Yet, al-
aud a year later iu Cassel, astonishing though his reputation was of the most
everyone by his performances ou the pia- an age especially rich iu great
brilliant in
noforte and on the harmonica, an instru- pianists aud composers
for that instrument,
ment then newly invented by one Hessel. he was hardly a man who made the most of
Near the end of 1786 he went to Paris, his surpassing natural gifts. His extraor-
where his immense success could not dis- dinary facility was accompanied by a care-
suade him from visiting Italy in company less, easy disposition, antl he was not a
with his brother Franz. Returning to Paris hard worker. Much confusion exists in the
iu 1788, he was driven by the unsettled con- opus-numbers of his works. Works 3 :
dition of aftairs to London, where he re- concertos for pianoforte and quartet, op. 1 ;
mained until 1800. Here he became im- 11 concertos for pianoforte and orche.stra,
mediately a fashionable teacher and the iu E-ilat, op. 3, iu F, op. 15, iu B, op. 22,
centre of a distinguished musical circle, in E flat, op. 26, do., op. 27, iu C, op. 29, in
winning the highest encomiums from B, op. 40, iu G minor, op. 50, in B, op. 63
Haydn. In 1792 he married Sofia Corri, (for 2 jjianofortes and orchestra), in F, op.
a noted singer whom he had often ac- 66, op. 70 3 sonatas for pianoforte, violin
;
companied at concerts. He set up a mu- and violoncello, op. 2 do., op. 24 do., op. ; ;
sic-shop iu iiartnership with his father-in- 31 2 do., op. 34 Sonata for do., op. 37
; ;
;
;
DUTILLIEIT
3 do. for pianoforte and violiu, op. 4 ; do., merman for the pianoforte, winning the 1st
op. 8 ; do., op. 12 ; do., op. 13 ; do., op. prize in 1837 and the 1st in 1838 ; the 2d
14 ; do., op. 17 ; do., op. 18 ; do., op. 51 prize for harmony and practical accompani-
do., op. 69 ; G sonatas for do., op. 28 ; do., ment in 1839 and for counterpoint and
;
op. 46; 4 Son- fugue, as pupil of Halevy, in 1841. He took

do., op. 30 ; 2 do., op. 47 ;
ata for do., op. 36 3 sonatas for 2 violins, also the 2d jn-ize for organ in 1840, the
;
op. 5 do. for pianoforte and flute, oj). 7

; 1st in 1842, and the 2d grand prix de Rome ;
do., op. 25 6 sonatas for do., op. 19 6 in 1848.

; He became assistant professor of ;
sonatinas for do., op. 20 3 sonatas for pi- solfege at the Conservatoire in 1839, and
;
anoforte, op. 9 do., op. 10 do., op. 11 do., full professor in 1848
; was organist for
; ; ;
op. 35 do., oj). 39 ; Sonata, etc., for do., several years of the Protestant churches of
;
op. 23 do., op. 75 ; do., op. 77 Sonatas the rue des BiUettes and of the Redemp-
; ;
for do., op. 43-45 Sonatas for pianoforte tion, and organist in chief of the Pauthemont
;
duet, op. 32, 38, 48, 67 (3), 72, 73, 74; Church in 1858. He was appointed hj the
Sonata for pianoforte, flute and Tioloncello, Consistory of Montbelliard, in 1846, to make
op. 21 do., op. 65
; Quartet for pianoforte a selection of psalms and chants for the Re-
;
and strings, op. 41 do., op. 53 do., op. formed Church of France this he under-
; ; ;
56 3 quartets for strings, op. 60 Not- took with his uncle and co-labourer, Georges
; ;
turuo concertante for jsianoforte and violin, Kuhn. Their joint work was published as :
op. 68 Numerous minor works for piano- Nouveau chois de lasaulmes et cantiques
;
forte, and songs.

Dlabaez Fetis Mendel harmonises a quatre voix, et composes en ; ;
Clement, INIus. celebres, 235 Dwight's Jour- jjartie par MM. Kuhn et Henri Duvernoy (2 ;
nal, 1861 London Mus. World, 1861.

; vols., Paris, 1848). A second part was pub-
DUTILLIEU (Ditillieu), PIERKE, born lished at the desire of the Protestant clergy,
at Lyons in 1756, died in Vienna, June 28, in which he was assisted by Duprato (Paris,
1798. Dramatic composer, studied and 1859). He also published, in collaboration
travelled in Italy, and in 1790 went to Vi- with Kuhn, Solfege des chanteurs (Paris,
enna, where lie was appointed comjsoser at 1855); and is the author of Solfeges a change-
the court theatre. Works Operas An- nients de clef (Paris, 1857), which has been :
tigono ed Enone, given at Najjles, 1788 adojated by the Conservatoires of Paris, Brus- ;
II trionfo d' amore, opera buffa, Vienna, sels, and Liege, and by the music schools of
1791 Nanuerina e Pandoltino, ossia gli Toulouse, Marseilles, Metz, and Lille. He
;
sposi in cimeuto, do., ib., 1792 Gli acci- published Solfege artistique, in two parts ;
dent! delta villa, ib., 1794 La superba (Paris, 1860) Vocalises pour voix de so- ; ;
corretta, ib., 179.5. Ballets I Cui-landesi, prano ou de tenor Ecole concertante de sol- : ;
Naples, 1790 IMagia contra niagia, ib., fege, on 20 Etudes de style et de perfectiou-
;
1791; Die Freiwilligen, Vienna, 1793; Ar- nemeut pour deux voix egales sans accom-
minio, Der Jahrmarkt, Die ]\Iacht des scho- pagnement Solfege melodique, theorique ;
nen Geschlechts, ib. Sis duos for two vio- et pratique. Fetis, iii. 101 Suj)plement, i.
; ;
lins, op. 1 (Vienna, 1800) Concerto for 298 Larousse Mendel Riemanu, 234. ; ; ; ;
violin ; Trios, songs, etc. Fetis ; Mendel. DLWERNOY, VICTOR ALPHONSE,

DUVERNOY, HENRI (LOUIS born in Paris, Aug. 30, 1842, still living,
CHARLES), born in Paris, Nov. 16, 1820, 1888. Pianist, pupil of the Paris Conser-
still living, 1888. Pianist, sou of Charles vatoire under JIarinontel for the jiianoforte,
Duvernoj', clarinettist (1766-1845) ;
jjujîl at winning the 2d prize in 1854 and the 1st in
the Paris Conservatoire from 1829 to 1845. 1855 ;
pupil of Bazin in accomjjaniment
He took the 2d i^rize for solfege in 1831,and harmony, taking the 2d accessit in
and the 1st in 1833 ; was a pupil of Zim- 1859. He brought out two symphonic
DVORAK
fragments at the Chfitelet concerts, and a forte, violin, and violoncello, op. 21 ; Sere-
concerto at a concert of the Societe Na- nade in E, for string, orchestra, op. 22 ;
tionale de Musitjue, in 187(5. Went to (Quartet for pianoforte and strings, op. 23 ;
London as virtuoso and met with great Trio in minor, op. 26 Hymne der biih- G ;
success. Works Six nu'lodies avec ac- mischen Landleute, for mixed chorus, with
:
compagnement de piano and several mor- pianoforte (4 hands), op. 28 Hymnus for
;
;

ceaux de genre for pianoforte. Petis, Sup- mixed chorus and orchestra, op. 30 Kliinge ;
plement, i. 298 Mendel, Ergiinz., 93.

;
aus MiUiren, 13 duets for soprano and con-
DVOEAK, ANTONIN (pronounced Dvor- tralto, op. 32 Concerto for pianofoi'te and ;
shak), born at Miilil- orchestra, op. 33 Quartet for strings, op. ;
liausen, Bo li e m i a, 34 Dumka, elegy for pianoforte, op. 35

; ;
Sept. 8, 1841, still Air and variations in A-tlat, pianoforte, op.

living, 1888. He 3G Four duets, op. 38 Suite for orchestra,
; ;
was destined to be a op. 39 ; Notturno for string orchestra, op.
butcher and i u n - 40 ; Bohemian national dance, op.

Furiant,
keeper, like his fa- 42 Serenade in D minor, for wind instru-
;
ther, but the village ments, violoncello, and double bass, op. 44 ;
schoolmaster taught Slavische Rhapsodieu in D, G, and A-fiat,

him to play the vio- for full orchestra, op. 45 ; Slacische Tiinze,
lin and to sing. In for do., ojj. 4G ; Bagatellen for two violins,
1857 he went to Prague, became violinist violoncello, and pianoforte, op. 47 Sextet ;
iu an orchestra, sttulied in an organ school, for strings, op. 48 Mazurek in E minor, ;
and after graduating was engaged as first violin and orchestra, op. 49 Quartet in E- ;
violinist at the National Theater, and as or- flat, strings, op. 51 Impromptu, Intermez- ;
ganist iu several churches of Prague. His zo, Gigue, and ]5glogne for pianoforte, op.
hymn for chorus and orchestra, Die Erben 52 Concerto for violin and orchestra, op.
;
des weisseu Berges, was performed in 1873 53 Waltzes for pianoforte, op. 54 Gypsy
; ;
with such success as to gaiu him a wide Melodies, op. 55 Mazurkas for pianoforte, ;
reputation and in 1875 he was awarded

;
op. 5G Sonata for pianoforte and violon-
;
the Artist's Stipend by the Austrian Gov- cello, op. 57 ; Stabat mater for soli, chorus,
ernment, which enabled him to devote him- and orchestra, op. 58, 1883 Legends for ;
self to composition. About 1877 his fame orchestra, op. 59 Symphony No. 1, iu D
;
was firmly established all over Europe. In major, op. 60 ; Third quartet in C, op. 61 ;
1884 he visited London as the guest of the Mein Heim, overture for orchestra, op. 62 ;
Philharmonic Society, and in 1885 he con- In der Natur, five choruses for soprano,
ducted his cantata, The Spectre Bride, at contralto, tenor, and bass, op. 63 Second ;
the Birmingham Festival.

Works Op- trio iu F minor, op. 65 Scherzo capriccioso ;
eras Wanda, five acts, text by Sumawsky, for orchestra, op. 66

:
Hunit^ti'i, dramatic ;
Prague, 187G Der Bauer ein Sehelm, overture for orchestra, op. 67 Aus dem
;
;
comic, Prague, 1878, Dresden, 1882 ; Der Buhmer Walde, Charakterstiicke for piano-
Dickshiidel, comic; Dimitrije {Dlmitri), forte (4 hands), op. 68 Die Geisterbraut ;
Prague, 1882; Konig und Ki")hler, comic, (The Spectre Bride), ballad for soU, chorus,
Prague. Silhouetten, 12 pieces for piano- and orchestra, op. 69, Birmingham Festi-
forte (i hands), op. 8 Romance for violin val, 1885 Symphony No. 2, in D minor,
; ;
and orchestra, op. 11 Dumka (elegy), and op. 70, played in London, April 22, 1885,
;
Furiant (Bohemian dance), for pianoforte, New York, by Theodore Thomas, Jan. 9,
op. 12 Ballade, for violin with pianoforte, 1886
;
Die heilige Ludmila (Saint Ludmila),
;
op. 15 Four; duets, op. 20 Trio for jjiano- oratorio, op. 71, Leeds Festival, 1886
;
Neue ;
;;
DYER
Slavische Taiize foi- orchestra, op. 72 : Trio tival, 1883 ; Church and organ music ;
for two violins and viola, op. 74 ; Roman- Songs.

tische Stiicke for violin and pianoforte, op. DYKES, JOHN BACCHUS, born at
75 ; Patriotic Hymn, for cliorus and orches- Kingston-upon-Hull, England, March 10,
1823, died at St. Leonai-d's, Jan.
22, 1876. Church composer, pupil of
Skelton, organist at Hull, then stud-
ied at Cambridge under Walmisley,
and in 1817 became curate at Malton,
tra ; Songs, op. 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, Yorkshire, in 1849 minor canon and

50, 55, 73.Mus. Wocheu- jjrecentor of Durham Cathedral, and
blatt, xi. 3, 15, 39, 67, 79, 91 ; Mendel in 1862 vicar of St. Oswald, Durham.
Eiemann. Mus. Doc, Durham, 1861. Works Ser- :
DYER, ARTHUR EDWIN, born in F The 23d psalm

at vice Anthems, ; ;
Froine, Somersetshire, psalms, and hymns, the latter of which are

England, Feb. 26, among the finest examples of modern times.
1843, still living, Grove.
1888. Organist and DYNE, JOHN, distinguished English
music-master at Chel- alto singer and glee composer of the latter
tenham College. Mus. part of the 18th century, died Oct. 30, 1788.
Bac, Oxford, 1873; His glee, Fill the Bowl, obtained the Catch
Mus. Doc, ib., 1880. Club prize in 1768. He was appointed
Works: Salvator Gentleman of the Chapel Royal in 1772,
X*w/,, Mundi, cantata, 1881 and lay vicar of Westminster Abbey in
Harold, do., 1882; I 1779. He was one of the principal singers
wish to tune my quivering Ij're, for cho- at the Handel Commemoration in 1784.
rus and orchestra, Gloucester Musical Fes- Grove, i. 478.
m
^
Los Angeles
This book is DUE on the last date stamped below.
-sieB-uiKJia
JUL 2,^
CF \
JAN 2 4] 2003
UCLA MRUILL
M \ ' 1979 DUE 2 WKS FROM MTe RECEIVED
MBVE
APR 2 2 198C
MAR 4 2003
1 fJUE 2 WKb PROM iDATt RECEiVED

\
v^^
HP! A YRI /!! L
6 2006
iM.im Ln-32i-S,'.5 7(,C8680s4).444

000 352 12
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA
LOS AiNGELES
UBRABY

Cyclopedia of Music and Musicians Vol.1 (1888)

Încărcat de

Informații document

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Cyclopedia of Music and Musicians Vol.1 (1888)

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

*^?^|^ii>$^^*;ii^y?p^ -\}^'-^^.

Music and Musicians

MUSIC AND MUSICIANS

JOHN DENISON CHAMPLIN, JR.

WILLIAM FOSTER APTHORP

IV/TH MORE THAN ONE THOUSAND ILLUSTRATIONS

Charles Scribiier's Sons.

jectors to occupy a novel as well as a standard place among

musicians of all schools, including prominent contemporaries, but it is, as

well, a dictionary of works ; and in a form in which the one branch of

authority their facts being derived fi-oni the latest monographs in

periodicals of many countries, and from autobiographical memoranda

musicians and others has brought to light hitherto unpublished informa-

Avorks. The latest publications of the prominent music publishers and of

history back to its composer. A simple cross-reference system also en-

Tlie l>ibliography appended to each article is such as will guide tlie

reader to further -and more minute investigation than would be possible

guese, Dutch, Swedish, and Danish.

monuments, statues, etc. In tlie articles on operas and oratorios are

given portraits of celebrated singers wliose names have been identified

twelve full-page etched portraits of the most famous composers, making

of the art never before given in any publication.

attended with great difficulties, if not rendered impossible.

New York, November 1, 18S8.

I. DANIEL FRANCOIS ESPRIT AUBER

2. JOHANN SEBASTIAN BACH

3- LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN

S' HECTOR BERLIOZ

'o- GAETANO DONIZETTI

II- ROBERT FRANZ

12- CHRISTOPH WILLIBALD CLUCK

2 35. Balfe, Michael William 113

71 54. Bendall, Wilfred Ellington 157

25. Auber, Daniel Frau<;ois Esprit 86 58. :

Edmoud 88 59. Beriot, Charles Augusta do 168

99 63. Best, William Thomas 180

112 68. Blumenthal, Jacob 197

112 69. Boccheriui, Luigi 198

dre 219 124. Cramer, Johann Baptist 371

PORTRAITS OF SINGERS, /iUTOGRAPHS, FACSIMILES,

1. Autograph ofFranz Abt. 1878.. 5 21.

5. Clara Louise Kellogg, as Aula .... 22 24.

12. Autograph of Daniel Frani;ois Es-

Prelude in the Wohltemperirte

45. Autograph of Robert Nicholas 65. Autograph of Arcangelo Corelli.

ACADEMY. London. TIAINI, GIUSEPPE. Memorie storico-cri-

wart. Leipsic, 1865. lustrative of his Life. Lou<lon, 1874.

preface par Charles Gonnod. London, 1789.

1883. p6ra on France. Paris, 1820.

Leipsic, 1875. Ciceonetti. Filippo. Vita di Vincenzo Bellini.

Crowest, Frederick. The Great Tone-Poets.

1882. Dresden, 1870.

David, Ernest. Les Mendelssohn-Bartholdy et Elterlein, Ernst von. Beethoven's Clavier-

Dramas in Frankreich wiihrend der Revo- oeuvres. Paris, 1854.

lution bis zum Directorium. Vienna,

Heinrich, E. Georg Friedrich HiiuJel. Leip- Paris, 1877.

contributions. London, 1880. bach, 1878.

TACQUOT, ALBERT. La musique en Lor- terpretation de ses ceuvTes. Paris, 1880.

Originalenherausgegeben. Salzburg, 1865. Opel, Julius Otto. Der Kammerdiener Georg

New York, 1883. don, 1857.

Frederick Handel. London, 1883. Schumann, Robert. Gcsammelte Schrifteu

Loudon, 1881. English translation by Fanny Raymond

18.39. Schur6, Edouard. Le drame musical. Paris,

Rudhart, Fr. M. Geschichte der Oper am Hofe 1874.

^?^|^ii>$^^;ii^y?p^ -\}^'-^^.