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A 02/11/2017

STEEL COLUMN DESIGN

In accordance with EN1993-1-1:2005 incorporating Corrigenda February 2006 and April 2009 and the UK national
annex
Tedds calculation version 1.1.01
23.8

UKC 356x368x177 (Tata Steel Advance)

Section depth, h, 368.2 mm
Section breadth, b, 372.6 mm
Mass of section, Mass, 177 kg/m
Flange thickness, t f, 23.8 mm
Web thickness, t w, 14.4 mm
Root radius, r, 15.2 mm
Area of section, A, 22551 mm2
Radius of gyration about y-axis, i y, 159.15 mm
368.2

Radius of gyration about z-axis, i z, 95.413 mm

Elastic section modulus about y-axis, Wel.y, 3102554 mm 3
Elastic section modulus about z-axis, Wel.z, 1101947 mm 3
14.4 Plastic section modulus about y-axis, Wpl.y, 3455241 mm 3
Plastic section modulus about z-axis, Wpl.z, 1670806 mm 3
Second moment of area about y-axis, I y, 571180273 mm 4
23.8

Second moment of area about z-axis, I z, 205292737 mm 4

372.6

Column details
Column section UKC 356x368x177
Steel grade S275
Yield strength fy = 265 N/mm2
Ultimate strength fu = 410 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity E = 210 kN/mm2
Poissons ratio = 0.3
Shear modulus G = E / [2 (1 + )] = 80.8 kN/mm2

Column geometry
System length for buckling about major axis Ly = 3500 mm
System length for buckling about minor axis Lz = 3500 mm
The column is not part of a sway frame in the direction of the minor axis
The column is not part of a sway frame in the direction of the major axis
Column loading
Axial load NEd = 1000 kN (Compression)
Moment about major axis at end 1 - Bottom My,Ed1 = 200.0 kNm
Moment about major axis at end 2 - Top My,Ed2 = 100.0 kNm
Single curvature bending about major axis
Moment about minor axis at end 1 - Bottom Mz,Ed1 = 150.0 kNm
Moment about minor axis at end 2 - Top Mz,Ed2 = 150.0 kNm
Single curvature bending about minor axis
Shear force parallel to major axis Vy,Ed = 100 kN
Shear force parallel to minor axis Vz,Ed = 100 kN
Buckling length for flexural buckling about major axis
Buckling length; Lcr_y = 3500 mm
 Project Job no.

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Buckling length for flexural buckling about minor axis

Buckling length; Lcr_z = 3500 mm
Web section classification (Table 5.2)
Coefficient depending on fy; = (235 N/mm2 / fy) = 0.942
Depth between fillets; cw = h - 2 (tf + r) = 290.2 mm
Ratio of c/t; ratiow = cw / tw = 20.15
Length of web taken by axial load; lw = min(NEd / (fy tw), cw) =262.1 mm
For class 1 & 2 proportion in compression; = (cw/2 + lw/2) / cw = 0.952
Limit for class 1 web; Limit1w = (396 ) / (13 - 1) = ;32.80
The web is class 1
Flange section classification (Table 5.2)
Outstand length; cf = (b - tw) / 2 - r = ;163.9; mm
Ratio of c/t; ratiof = cf / tf = 6.89
Conservatively assume uniform compression in flange
Limit for class 1 flange; Limit1f = 9 = 8.48
Limit for class 2 flange; Limit2f = 10 = 9.42
Limit for class 3 flange; Limit3f = 14 = 13.18
The flange is class 1
Overall section classification
The section is class 1
Resistance of cross section (cl. 6.2)
Shear parallel to minor axis (cl. 6.2.6)
Design shear force; Vz,Ed = 100.0 kN
Shear area; Avz = max((h - 2tf) tw, A - 2 b tf + (tw + 2 r) tf) = ;5881; mm2
Plastic shear resistance; Vpl,z,Rd = Avz (fy / (3)) / M0 = 899.8 kN
Vz,Ed / Vpl,z,Rd = 0.111
PASS - Shear resistance parallel to minor axis exceeds the design shear force
Vz,Ed <= 0.5Vpl,z,Rd - No reduction in fy required for bending/axial force

Shear parallel to major axis (cl. 6.2.6)

Design shear force; Vy,Ed = 100.0 kN
Shear area; Avy = 2 b tf - (tw + 2 r) tf = ;16670; mm2
Plastic shear resistance; Vpl,y,Rd = Avy (fy / (3)) / M0 = 2550.4 kN
Vy,Ed / Vpl,y,Rd = 0.039
PASS - Shear resistance parallel to major axis exceeds the design shear force
Vy,Ed <= 0.5Vpl,y,Rd - No reduction in fy required for bending/axial force

Compression (cl. 6.2.4)

Design force; NEd = 1000 kN
Design resistance; Nc,Rd = Npl,Rd = A fy / M0 = 5976 kN
NEd / Nc,Rd = 0.167
PASS - The compression design resistance exceeds the design force
Bending about major axis (cl. 6.2.5)
Design bending moment; My,Ed = max(abs(My,Ed1), abs(My,Ed2)) = 200.0 kNm
Section modulus about major axis; W y = W pl.y = ;3455.2; cm3
Design resistance; Mc,y,Rd = W y fy / M0 = 915.6 kNm
 Project Job no.

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My,Ed / Mc,y,Rd = 0.218

PASS - The bending design resistance about the major axis exceeds the design moment
Bending about minor axis (cl. 6.2.5)
Design bending moment; Mz,Ed = max(abs(Mz,Ed1), abs(Mz,Ed2)) = 150.0 kNm
Section modulus about minor axis; W z = W pl.z = ;1670.8; cm3
Design resistance; Mc,z,Rd = W z fy / M0 = 442.8 kNm
Mz,Ed / Mc,z,Rd = 0.339
PASS - The bending design resistance about the minor axis exceeds the design moment
Combined bending and axial force (cl. 6.2.9)
Ratio design axial to design plastic resistance; n = abs(NEd) / Npl,Rd = 0.167
Ratio web area to gross area; a = min(0.5, (A - 2 b tf) / A) = 0.214

Bending about major axis (cl. 6.2.9.1)

Design bending moment; My,Ed = max(abs(My,Ed1), abs(My,Ed2)) = 200.0 kNm
Plastic design resistance; Mpl,y,Rd = W pl.y fy / M0 = 915.6 kNm
Modified design resistance; MN,y,Rd = Mpl,y,Rd min(1, (1 - n) / (1 - 0.5 a)) = 853.5 kNm
My,Ed / MN,y,Rd = 0.234
PASS - Bending resistance about major axis in presence of axial load exceeds design moment
Bending about minor axis (cl. 6.2.9.1)
Design bending moment; Mz,Ed = max(abs(Mz,Ed1), abs(Mz,Ed2)) = 150.0 kNm
Plastic design resistance; Mpl,z,Rd = W pl.z fy / M0 = 442.8 kNm
Modified design resistance; MN,z,Rd = Mpl,z,Rd = ;442.8; kNm
Mz,Ed / MN,z,Rd = 0.339
PASS - Bending resistance about minor axis in presence of axial load exceeds design moment
Biaxial bending
Exponent ; = ;2.00
Exponent ; = max(1, 5 n) = ;1.00
Section utilisation at end 1; URCS_1 = [abs(My,Ed1) / MN,y,Rd] + [abs(Mz,Ed1) / MN,z,Rd] = 0.394
Section utilisation at end 2; URCS_2 = [abs(My,Ed2) / MN,y,Rd] + [abs(Mz,Ed2) / MN,z,Rd] = 0.353
PASS - The cross-section resistance is adequate
Buckling resistance (cl. 6.3)
Yield strength for buckling resistance; fy = 265 N/mm2
Flexural buckling about major axis
Elastic critical buckling force; Ncr,y = 2 E Iy / Lcr_y2 = 96640 kN
Non-dimensional slenderness; y = (A fy / Ncr,y) = 0.249
Buckling curve (Table 6.2); b
Imperfection factor (Table 6.1); y = 0.34
Parameter ; y = 0.5 [1 + y (y - 0.2) +y2] = 0.539
Reduction factor; y = min(1.0, 1 / [y + (y2 -y2)]) = 0.983
Design buckling resistance; Nb,y,Rd = y A fy / M1 = 5872.5 kN
NEd / Nb,y,Rd = 0.17
PASS - The flexural buckling resistance about the major axis exceeds the design axial load
Flexural buckling about minor axis
Elastic critical buckling force; Ncr,z = 2 E Iz / Lcr_z2 = 34734 kN
Non-dimensional slenderness; z = (A fy / Ncr,z) = 0.415
Buckling curve (Table 6.2); c
 Project Job no.

Calcs for Start page no./Revision

BAK Consulting Engineers
TAJABAD, Peshawar
4
Pakistan Calcs by Calcs date Checked by Checked date Approved by Approved date
A 02/11/2017

Imperfection factor (Table 6.1); z = 0.49

Parameter ; z = 0.5 [1 + z (z - 0.2) +z2] = 0.639
Reduction factor; z = min(1.0, 1 / [z + (z2 -z2)]) = 0.889
Design buckling resistance; Nb,z,Rd = z A fy / M1 = 5315.4 kN
NEd / Nb,z,Rd = 0.188
PASS - The flexural buckling resistance about the minor axis exceeds the design axial load
Torsional and torsional-flexural buckling (cl. 6.3.1.4)
Torsional buckling length factor; KT = 0.70
Effective buckling length; Lcr_T = KT max(Ly, Lz) = 2450 mm
; ;;
Distance from shear ctr to centroid along major axis; y0 = ;0.0; mm
Distance from shear ctr to centroid along minor axis; z0 = 0.0 mm
i0 = (iy2 2 2 2
+ iz + y0 + z0 ) = 185.6 mm
T = 1 - (y0 / i0)2 = 1.000
Elastic critical torsional buckling force; Ncr,T = 1 / i02 (G It + 2 E Iw / Lcr_T2) = 69995 kN
Elastic critical torsional-flexural buckling force; Ncr,TF = Ncr,y/(2T)[1+Ncr,T/Ncr,y-[(1-Ncr,T/Ncr,y)2 + 4(y0/i0)2Ncr,T/Ncr,y]]
Ncr,TF = 69995 kN
Non-dimensional slenderness; T = (A fy / min(Ncr,T, Ncr,TF)) = 0.292
Buckling curve (Table 6.2); c
Imperfection factor (Table 6.1); T = 0.49
Parameter ; T = 0.5 [1 + T (T - 0.2) +T2] = 0.565
Reduction factor; T = min(1.0, 1 / [T + (T2 -T2)]) = 0.953
Design buckling resistance; Nb,T,Rd = T A fy / M1 = 5695.8 kN
NEd / Nb,T,Rd = 0.176
PASS - The torsional/torsional-flexural buckling resistance exceeds the design axial load
Minimum buckling resistance
Minimum buckling resistance; Nb,Rd = min(Nb,y,Rd, Nb,z,Rd, Nb,T,Rd) = 5315.4 kN
NEd / Nb,Rd = 0.188
PASS - The axial load buckling resistance exceeds the design axial load
Buckling resistance moment (cl.6.3.2.1)
Lateral torsional buckling length factor; KLT = 0.80
Effective buckling length; Lcr_LT = KLT Lz = 2800 mm
End moment factor; = My,Ed2 / My,Ed1 = ;0.500
Moment distribution correction factor (Table 6.6); kc = 1 / (1.33 - 0.33 ) = 0.858
C1 = 1 / kc2 = 1.357
Curvature factor; g = [1 - (Iz / Iy)] = 0.800
Poissons ratio; = 0.3
Shear modulus; G = E / [2 (1 + )] = 80769 N/mm2
Elastic critical buckling moment; Mcr = C1 2 E Iz [Iw / Iz + Lcr_LT2 G It /(2 E Iz)]/(Lcr_LT2g)
Mcr = 17298.7 kNm
Slenderness ratio for lateral torsional buckling; LT = [W y fy / Mcr] =0.230
Limiting slenderness ratio; LT,0 = 0.40
Correction factor for rolled sections; r = 0.75
Buckling curve (Table 6.5); b
Imperfection factor (Table 6.1); LT = 0.34
 Project Job no.

Calcs for Start page no./Revision

BAK Consulting Engineers
TAJABAD, Peshawar
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Pakistan Calcs by Calcs date Checked by Checked date Approved by Approved date
A 02/11/2017

Parameter LT; LT = 0.5 [1 + LT (LT -LT,0) +r LT2] = 0.491

Reduction factor; LT = min(1.0, 1/LT2, 1 / [LT + (LT2 - r LT2)]) = 1.000
Modification factor; f = min(1 - 0.5 (1 - kc) [1 - 2 (LT - 0.8)2], 1) = 0.975
Modified LTB reduction factor - eq 6.58; LT,mod = min(LT / f, 1, 1/LT2) = 1.000
Design buckling resistance moment; Mb,Rd = LT,mod W y fy / M1 = 915.6 kNm
Design bending moment; My,Ed = max(abs(My,Ed1), abs(My,Ed2)) = 200.0 kNm
My,Ed / Mb,Rd = 0.218
PASS - The design buckling resistance moment exceeds the maximum design moment
Combined bending and axial compression (cl. 6.3.3)
Characteristic resistance to normal force; NRk = A fy = 5976 kN
Characteristic moment resistance about major axis; My,Rk = W pl.y fy = ;915.6; kNm
Characteristic moment resistance about minor axis; Mz,Rk = W pl.z fy = ;442.8; kNm
y = if(abs(My,Ed1)<=abs(My,Ed2), My,Ed1 / if(My,Ed2>=0 kNm,max(My,Ed2,0.0001 kNm),My,Ed2), My,Ed2 / if(My,Ed1>=0
kNm,max(My,Ed1,0.0001 kNm),My,Ed1)) = 0.500
Moment distribution factor about major axis; y = My,Ed2 / My,Ed1 = ;0.500
Moment factor about major axis; Cmy = max(0.4, 0.6 + 0.4 y) = 0.800
Moment distribution factor about minor axis; z = Mz,Ed1 / Mz,Ed2 = ;1.000
Moment factor about minor axis; Cmz = max(0.4, 0.6 + 0.4 z) = 1.000
Moment distribution factor for LTB; LT = My,Ed2 / My,Ed1 = ;0.500
Moment factor for LTB; CmLT = max(0.4, 0.6 + 0.4 LT) = 0.800
Interaction factor kyy; kyy = Cmy [1 + min(0.8,y - 0.2) NEd / (y NRk / M1)] = 0.807
Interaction factor kzy; kzy = 1 - min(0.1, 0.1 z)NEd / ((CmLT - 0.25)(z NRk/M1)) = ;0.986
Interaction factor kzz; kzz = Cmz [1 + min(1.4, 2 z - 0.6)NEd / (z NRk / M1)] = ;1.043
Interaction factor kyz; kyz = 0.6 kzz = 0.626
Section utilisation; URB_1 = NEd / (y NRk / M1) + kyy My,Ed / (LT My,Rk / M1) + kyz Mz,Ed / (Mz,Rk / M1)
URB_1 = 0.559
URB_2 = NEd / (z NRk / M1) + kzy My,Ed / (LT My,Rk / M1) + kzz Mz,Ed / (Mz,Rk / M1)
URB_2 = 0.757
PASS - The buckling resistance is adequate