Name: __________________________________

Lab Section Number: _________________________________

ME250 | F17 | University of Michigan

HW2: Orthographic Drawing and Static Analysis (50 pts)
Due at the beginning of your lab section on Wednesday, September 27th. Your GSI will collect this assignment,
and late assignments will be accepted up to 24 hours late, with a 50% late penalty.

This is an individual assignment, and your solution must be entirely prepared by you. Therefore, you may not
discuss your solution with other ME250 students, and you may not develop your solution using ideas of other
ME250 students.

Make sure all your pages are stapled together.

1. Orthographic Drawing (20 points)

i) Draw in the missing top view, and do not use a CAD software. Make sure to use third angle
projection (US Standard) in your drawing. Please include all appropriate lines depicting the
features of the 2D object you are drawing. You do not have to draw an isometric view, but you
can sketch it out to help yourself visualize. (11 pts)

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ii) You are given a 3D view of an object shown in figure below. Draw the front view, top view and
right view of this object in the given grid line provided in this homework. Make sure to use
third angle projection (US Standard) in your drawing as well. Include all appropriate lines
depicting the correct features of the object in your 2D engineering drawing. Scale: one grid box
on the orthographic views corresponds to one grid box on the isometric view. Assume that the
two holes go all the way through the part, and assume the back ledge extends all the way to
the back of the part. (9 pts)

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2) Analysis: Statics (30 points)

The figure below (not a Free-Body Diagram) shows a front-wheel driven vehicle just about to climb
up a slope. In the figure below, TD is the driving torque applied by the engine to the front wheel, FD
is the driving force, mg is the force of gravity on the vehicle body, r is the wheel radius, and N1 and
N2 are the normal forces on the front and rear wheels, respectively. The coefficient of friction
between the wheels and slope is m. Assume the mass of wheels is negligible compared to m.

l1
l2
d
TD

FD
r N1
y
N2mg x

a) Draw the Free-Body Diagrams of the rear wheel and the front wheel. Define any internal forces
and moments as necessary. Use the inclined coordinate axes shown. (5 pts)

b) Draw the Free-Body Diagram of the vehicle body. Define any internal forces and moments as
necessary. Use the inclined coordinate axes shown. (5 pts)

c) Based on the FBDs in a), write the equations for force balance (in x direction and y direction) and
moment balance (about wheel axles) of the rear wheel and the front wheel. (5pts)

d) Based on the FBD in b), write the equations for force balance (in x direction and y direction) and
moment balance (about the center of gravity) of the vehicle body. (5pts)

e) Using equations in c) and d), find N1 and N2 as a function of l1, l2, d, , r, and mg. (5pts)

For parts f, g, and h of this question, use the data in the following table. (Assume that there is no
risk of the vehicle tipping, because it is front-wheel drive.) C.O.G. = center of gravity

Parameter Value Units

Mass of vehicle, m 9.0 kg
Radius of wheels, r 0.065 m
Coefficient of friction, m 0.4
Distance from C.O.G. to front wheel, l1 .08 m
Distance from C.O.G. to rear wheel, l2 .08 m
Height of C.O.G. from wheel center, d .04 m

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f) Given your design requirement is to climb a slope of maximum angle =9, what is the minimum
required torque, TD needed to climb that slope? (Base your answer on your analysis in parts a-e.
You will consider slipping of the wheels in part h.) (1 point)

g) If the vehicle mass is 7.0kg instead of 9.0kg, given all the other parameters given in the table and
the torque calculated from part f, what is the maximum slope climbable by the vehicle? (1 point)

h) For a front-wheel drive system, slipping occurs when FD > mN1 . If the vehicle has a mass of 7.0 kg
and torque in part f with the other parameters are given in the table above, will the wheels slip at
the angle of the slope that you found in your answer to part g? (3 points)