Weaknesses

Cold temperatures: Because speed is produced by a build-up of heat in

the target's atoms, Barry is vulnerable to extreme cold temperatures.
Under these conditions, Barry's speed will be greatly reduced. Also,
direct exposure to such cold will temporarily stunt his healing
capacities.

Electricity absorption: Barry's unique biology causes his body to

produce massive amounts of electricity, which charges his molecules to
allow for his accelerated movements. Should Barry be drained of this
electrical energy, he will lose his powers. However, as this power is
genetically coded to his DNA, he can potentially regain his speed by
using more electricity to jump-start it.

Hyper-metabolism: While moving at accelerated speeds, Barry burns

calories much faster than a normal person. While breaking down food
far more efficiently, it requires him to consume large amounts of
nutrients. Continued usage of his speed while deprived renders him
disoriented and weak before ultimately passing out from low blood
glucose. Also, he is unaffected by sedatives as he burns through them
too quickly to have any affect. He also cannot experience a buzz as even
500 proof alcohol only intoxicated him for a few seconds. After naturally
increasing his connection to the Speed Force, his performance
noticeably increased, requiring much less nourishment in-between his
meta exploits.

Kinetic energy absorption: Because Barry's abilities are derived from

movement, the removal of the kinetic energy he builds up will leave him
in a state of temporary paralysis. However, if he can build back up
enough kinetic energy within himself, the effect can be instantly
negated.

Mortal wounds: Despite his enhanced healing, Barry can still potentially
be killed by massive enough damage done to vital organs like his heart
or brain.

Time alterations: While Barry's speed can break through the temporal
barrier, it is not without drawbacks. In addition to potentially causing
unforeseeable, damaging changes to the timeline, such reckless actions
can alert the Time Wraiths. These temporal guardians become
instinctively drawn to the careless speedster, driven to capture him and
draw the person into the Speed Force. Also using his powers in a
timeline where he didn't actually acquire them will gradually deplete
them and make him forget the original timeline.

Former weaknesses

Power-dampening tech: Initially, like most meta-humans, Barry's powers

can be weakened, even neutralized, by specially designed tech that
affects his resonance field. As shown by Cisco Ramon of 2024, this tech
can also affect Barry's more advanced powers without slowing him
down, as he prevented Barry from running back in time using the
necessary speed. Later, after spending six months inside the Speed
Force, Barry's powers are now completely unaffected by such tech, as
he was able to instantly smash his way free from his pipeline cell.
However, Barry's powers can still be affected by personalized
dampening cuffs, although it could possibly be attributed to Hazard
causing him bad luck.

Equipment

The Flash suit: Barry wears a protective suit as the Flash, to hide his
identity when fighting crime designed by Cisco Ramon. The suit is made
out of a reinforced tri-polymer and is heat and abrasive resistant,
organically designed to replace firefighter turnouts. It was re-purposed
to help protect Barry from the vigor's of his speed and survive certain
environments. It was also upgraded with various features including
sensors to track Barry's vitals, location, power output, speed level, and
to stay in contact with S.T.A.R. Labs.

Former equipment

Tachyon unit: After traveling back in time, Barry convinced Eobard

Thawne to give him the knowledge of how to produce a Tachyon unit,
amplifying his ability to absorb the Speed Force into his system. When
using his speed while wearing the device, it also gives Barry the extra
benefit of lowering his calorie burning rate to a normal level, allowing
him to keep moving longer without drawback. However when Earth Two
Harrison Wells later "miniaturized" the device to fit securely beneath the
Flash emblem on the suit's chest by using the Speed Force transmitter,
this device became useless.

Speed Force transmitter: While testing the tachyon unit, Barry felt some
limitations to the machine despite its benefits. Because of this, Harry
redesigned the Speed Force transmitter to transfer the tachyons directly
into Barry. With its smaller design, it can be concealed under the Flash
suit's chest emblem. It also retains all the tachyon unit's benefits with
the addition of letting Barry act with less movement restriction and
without being weighted-down. It was presumably destroyed when
Harrison attempted to recreate Barry's powers. Due to his Speed Force
connection being enhanced, Barry was able to beat Zoom without it.

Voice filter: After Barry temporarily lost his powers he became unable to
naturally disguise his voice. To compensate while talking to Wally West,
he was given a voice filter similar to Oliver Queen's.

Armor: Barry temporarily wore the suit when he phased into it and beat
down Savitar, nearly taking his life. He destroyed the suit from the inside
to prove to Savitar that he is nothing like him.