KAPWA

Core value of Filipino

personhood
KAPWA
Idea of a shared self opens up the
heart-doors of the I to include the Other
Bridges the deepest individual recess
of a person with anyone outside him or
herself, even total strangers.
The unity of the one-of-us-and-the-
other
Enriquez declared the concept as a
Filipino core value
 CONCEPTS IN SIKOLOHIYANG PILIPINO
FOR TOMAS ANDRES FOR SIKOLOHIYANG PILIPINO
BAHALA NA
Page 55 - Defines bahala na as the - For Alfredo Lagmay, bahala
Pe-Pua & Marcelino article attitude that makes the Filipino na is determination and risk-
accept sufferings and taking
problems, leaving everything - When Filipinos say bahala
to God. na, they are telling themselves
- This attitude, for him, is a that they are ready to face the
fatalistic resignation or difficult situation before them
withdrawal from an and will do their best to
engagement or crisis or a achieve their objectives.
shirking from personal - It is a way of pumping courage
responsibility. into their system before doing
something.
 CONCEPTS IN SIKOLOHIYANG PILIPINO
OTHER VIEWS FOR SIKOLOHIYANG PILIPINO
HIYA
Page 55
Pe-Pua & Marcelino article
- Sibley translated hiya - For Zeus Salazar, the
as shame. more appropriate
- Lynch saw hiya as the translation of hiya in
uncomfortable feeling that English is not shame but
accompanies awareness sense of propriety.
of being in a socially - Depending on the context,
unacceptable position or hiya can either be positive
performing a socially or negative
unacceptable action
(awkward)
 CONCEPTS IN SIKOLOHIYANG PILIPINO
OTHER VIEWS FOR SIKOLOHIYANG PILIPINO
Utang na
- Kaut translated it as debt of - For Enriquez, utang na
loob gratitude = based on Kauts loob in the context of
Pages 55-56
Pe-Pua & Marcelino article logic as principle of Filipino culture, means
reciprocity incurred when an
individual helps another.
gratitude/solidarity
- The person helped feels an - Not necessarily means a
obligation to repay the debt burden as the word
but there is no indication connotes but can be seen
when the debt is already as an opportunity to return
paid. a favor. It might be repaid
in the next generation.
 PAKIKISAMA PAKIKIPAGKAPWA
-Identified by Lynch as a Filipino - For Enriquez, kapwa means shared
value and he translated it as identity which is at the heart of the
smooth interpersonal relations structure of Filipino values.
- Pakikipagkapwa means treating the
= going along with the group or
other person as kapwa or fellow
majority decision, i.e., human being.
conformity
Two categories of kapwa:
a. Ibang-tao = outsider (or others)
b. Hindi-Ibang-tao = (one of us)

Source: Pe-Pua and Marcelinos article, page 56