Flare Radiation

Standard Calculation WS-CA-PR-004, Rev. 0 , "Issued for Use", Date (25 March 2003)
Validated: WS-CA-PR-004, Rev. 0 , "Issued for Use", Date (25 March 2003)

CLIENT PROJ No
PROJECT CALC No
SUBJECT SHEET 1 of 2

REVISION DATE BY CHECKED REVISION DATE BY CHECKED

DESCRIPTION NOTES SYMBOL UNITS Case 1 Case 2 Case 3

Input Parameters:
Flow rate - MMscfd 197.5888 197.5888 197.5888
Mol. wt Mj - 46.1 46.1 46.1
Mass flow W lb/hr 1000000 1000000 1000000
Flowing temperature of the flare gas - F 300 300 300
Tj R 760.0 760.0 760.0
Air temperature - F 60 60 60
T R 520.0 520.0 520.0
Lower explosive limit conc. in air Note (2) CL % v/v 2.1 2.1 2.1
Net heating value of the flare gas HVn Btu/scf 2614.5 2614.5 2614.5
- Btu/lb 21500 21500 21500
Ratio of specific heats k - 1.1 1.1 1.1
Pressure at tip Pj psia 15.7 15.7 15.7
Wind velocity U mph 20 20 20
ft/s 29.33 29.33 29.33
Mach no mach - 0.5 0.5 0.5

Flare Parameters:
Tip diameter dj ft/s 2.897 2.897 2.897
Sonic velocity - ft/s 949.6 949.6 949.6
Tip velocity Uj ft/s 474.8 474.8 474.8
LEL concentration factor CL' - 0.541 0.541 0.541
Jet and wind thrust parameter dj R ft 263 263 263
Horiz. dist. from flare tip to flame centre. Note (3) xc ft #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Vert. dist. from flare tip to flame centre. Note (4) yc ft #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

Radiation Levels:
Heat liberated Q Btu/hr 2.15E+10 2.15E+10 2.15E+10
Fraction of heat radiated Note (5) F - 0.3 0.3 0.3
Fraction of heat transmitted thru the atm. Note (6) t - 1 1 1
Max. allow. radiation (incl. solar radiation) Note (7) - Btu/fthr 3000 2000 2000
Solar radiation Note (8) - Btu/fthr 306 0 0
Max. allow. flare radiation. K Btu/fthr 2694 2000 2000
Distance to flame centre D ft 436 507 507

Stack Parameters:
Horiz. dist. from flare to point of interest. R ft #VALUE! 150 150
Vert. dist. from flare tip to point of interest. H ft #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

Notes and References:

(1) Based on method given in Guide for Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring Systems, API RP521
4th Edition, March 1997, Para C.3.
(2) Refer to GPSA , Engineering Data Book, Section 23, for typical values.
(3) Fitted from Reference 1, Fig C.2.A
(4) Fitted from Reference 1, Fig C.3.A
(5) Butane is 0.3 for a 16" burner diameter (See Ref. 1, Table 9, for other typical values)
(6) Generally assumed as 1. (See Ref. 1, C.3.6, Note 3)
 Flare Radiation
Standard Calculation WS-CA-PR-004, Rev. 0 , "Issued for Use", Date (25 March 2003)
Validated: WS-CA-PR-004, Rev. 0 , "Issued for Use", Date (25 March 2003)

CLIENT PROJ No
PROJECT CALC No
SUBJECT SHEET 1 of 2

REVISION DATE BY CHECKED REVISION DATE BY CHECKED

(7) Generally taken as 3000 Btu/hr ft (See Ref. 1, Tables 7 and 8)

(8) Generally in the range 250 to 330 Btu/hr ft (See Ref. 1, Para. 4.4.2.3.1.)
 Flare Radiation
Standard Calculation WS-CA-PR-004, Rev. 0 , "Issued for Use", Date (25 March 2003)
Validated: WS-CA-PR-004, Rev. 0 , "Issued for Use", Date (25 March 2003)

CLIENT PROJ No
PROJECT CALC No
SUBJECT SHEET 1 of 2

REVISION DATE BY CHECKED REVISION DATE BY CHECKED

DESCRIPTION NOTES SYMBOL UNITS Case 1 Case 2 Case 3

Input Parameters:
Flow rate - Sm/hr 232651.1 232651.1 232651.1
Mol. wt Mj - 46.1 46.1 46.1
Mass flow W kg/h 453600 453600 453600
Flowing temperature of the flare gas - C 150 150 150
Tj K 423.0 423.0 423.0
Air temperature - C 16 16 16
T K 289.0 289.0 289.0
Lower explosive limit conc. in air Note (2) CL % v/v 2.1 2.1 2.1
Net heating value of the flare gas HVn MJ/Sm 97.51645 97.51645 97.51645
- MJ/kg 50.00 50.00 50.00
Ratio of specific heats k - 1.1 1.1 1.1
Pressure at tip Pj kPa(abs) 108 108 108
Wind velocity U km/hr 32.2 32.2 32.2
m/s 8.94 8.94 8.94
Mach no mach - 0.5 0.5 0.5

Flare Parameters:
Tip diameter dj m 0.885 0.885 0.885
Sonic velocity - m/s 289.7 289.7 289.7
Tip velocity Uj m/s 144.9 144.9 144.9
LEL concentration factor CL' - 0.541 0.541 0.541
Jet and wind thrust parameter dj R m 80.3 80.3 80.3
Horiz. dist. from flare tip to flame centre. Note (3) xc m #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Vert. dist. from flare tip to flame centre. Note (4) yc m #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

Radiation Levels:
Heat liberated Q kW 6300000 6300000 6300000
Fraction of heat radiated Note (5) F - 0.3 0.3 0.3
Fraction of heat transmitted thru the atm. Note (6) t - 1 1 1
Max. allow. radiation (incl. solar radiation) Note (7) - kW/m 9.46 6.31 4.73
Solar radiation Note (8) - kW/m 0 0 0
Max. allow. flare radiation. K kW/m 9.5 6.3 4.7
Distance to flame centre D m 126 154 178

Stack Parameters:
Horiz. dist. from flare to point of interest. R m #VALUE! 45.7 45.7
Vert. dist. from flare tip to point of interest. H m #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

Notes and References:

(1) Based on method given in Guide for Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring Systems, API RP521
4th Edition, March 1997, Para C.3.
(2) Refer to GPSA , Engineering Data Book, Section 23, for typical values.
(3) Fitted from Reference 1, Fig C.2.A
(4) Fitted from Reference 1, Fig C.3.A
(5) Butane is 0.3 for a 16" burner diameter (See Ref. 1, Table 9, for other typical values)
(6) Generally assumed as 1. (See Ref. 1, C.3.6, Note 3)
 Flare Radiation
Standard Calculation WS-CA-PR-004, Rev. 0 , "Issued for Use", Date (25 March 2003)
Validated: WS-CA-PR-004, Rev. 0 , "Issued for Use", Date (25 March 2003)

CLIENT PROJ No
PROJECT CALC No
SUBJECT SHEET 1 of 2

REVISION DATE BY CHECKED REVISION DATE BY CHECKED

(7) Generally taken as 6.31 kW/m (See Ref. 1, Tables 7 and 8)

(8) Generally in the range 0.79 to 1.04 kW/m (See Ref. 1, Para. 4.4.2.3.1.)